EVERLIGHT ALS-PDIC17-79NB-TR8

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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Features
‧Close to the human eye's response
‧15 bit effective resolution
‧50Hz/60Hz rejection
‧Low sensitivity variation across various light sources
‧Operating temperature performance, -40oC to 85oC
‧Wide supply voltage range, 2.7V to 5.5V
• Low power consumption, less than 2mW while operating
• Shut-down mode, current consumption less than 0.1uA
2
• I C serial port communication: (1) Standard 100kHz, (2).Fast 400kHz
‧High dynamic sensing range and from 0 to 220000 Lux
‧Size : 2.0mm(L)*2mm(W)*0.6mm(H)
‧RoHS compliant and Pb Free package
Description
The ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8 is a digital-output light sensor with a two-wire, I2C serial interface that is
compatible with SMBus when working at 100kHz serial clock frequency. It combines a photodiode and an
analog-to-digital converter (ADC) on a single CMOS integrated circuit to provide light measurements over an
effective 15-bit dynamic range. Two operation modes are provided with one for constantly refreshing ADC and
the other for one time integration. When working in “one time integration” mode, no external resister is
required. The integrating conversion technique used by ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8 effectively eliminates the
effect of flicker from AC-powered lamps, increasing the stability of the measurement. ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
is very close to human-eye vision, having very low response to non-visible light, such as infrared and
ultra-violet light.
Applications
• Detection of ambient light for controlling the backlighting of TFT LCD display
• Automatic residential and commercial lighting management
• Automatic contrast enhancement for electronic signboard
• Ambient light monitoring device for daylight and artificial light
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Package Dimensions
Note: 1. All Units are mm.
2. Unspecified tolerance is ±0.10mm
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25℃)
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Units
Storage temperature
TSTG
-40
100
°C
Operating temperature
TOPR
-40
85
°C
Supply voltage
VDD
-0.3
6.0
V
Digital output voltage
Vo
-0.3
6.0
V
Digital output current
Io
-10
+10
mA
ESD tolerance, human body model
-
2
-
KV
Block Diagram & Pad Descriptions
Figure 1. ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8 Functional Block Diagram
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Electrical and Optical Characteristics (Ta=25℃ , VDD=3.3V)
Parameter
Supply current
2
I C output low voltage
Symbol
Response in dark
environment
Response to incandescent
lamp
Response to fluorescent
lamp
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
IDD
Active mode
-
0.4
0.5
mA
IDDQ
Power-down mode
-
-
0.1
uA
VOL
Io = 4mA
-
-
0.4
V
Full scale
-
-
32,767
count
Tint = 100mS
-
-
110,000
lux
-
-
550
-
nm
-
-
1
count
23
32
-
counts
20
30
-
count
Detection limit
Peak sensitivity wavelength
Test Conditions
λp
Rdak
Ricd
Rfrst
Ev = 0 lux,
Tint = 100 mS
Ev = 100 lux
Tint = 100 mS
Ev = 100 lux
Tint = 100 mS
DC Characteristics of I2C Signals in Standard and Fast Mode
Parameter
Symbol
Standard Mode
Min.
Max.
2.7
5.5
-0.5
1.0
2.0
Fast Mode
Min.
max.
2.7
5.5
-0.5
1.0
2.0
Unit
Power supply voltage (recommend)
VDD
V
Low level input voltage
VIL
V
High level input voltage
VIH
V
Hysteresis of Schmit trigger inputs
Vhys
0.05VDD
0.05VDD
V
(VDD > 2V)
Low level output voltage (open drain)
VOL1
0
0.4
0
0.4
V
at 3mA sink current (VDD > 2V)
Output fall time from VIHMIN to VILMAX
20+0.1Cb
250 [2]
with a bus capacitance from 10pF to
tof
250[2]
nS
[1]
400pF
Input current of each IO pins with an
input voltage between 0.1VDD and
Ii
-10
10
-10
10
uA
0.9VDD
Capacitance for each IO pin
Ci
10
10
pF
Notes:
1.
Cb = capacitance of one bus line in pF
2.
The maximum tf for the I2C data and clock bus lines quoted in the AC table is longer than the
specified maximum tof for the output stages (250nS). This allows series protection resistors (Rs) to
be connected between I2C data / clock pins and the I2C data / clock bus lines without exceeding the
maximum specified tf.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
AC Characteristics of I2C Signals in Standard and Fast Mode
Parameter
fSCL
Standard Mode
Min.
Max.
0
100
Fast Mode
Min.
max.
0
400
KHz
tHD;STA
4.0
0.6
uS
tLOW
tHIGH
4.7
4.0
1.3
0.6
uS
uS
tSU;STA
4.7
0.6
uS
tHD;DAT
tSU;DAT
0
250
3.45
-
0
100
0.9
-
uS
nS
tr
-
1000
5
300
nS
tf
-
300
0.1
300
nS
tSU;STO
4.0
-
0.6
-
uS
tBUF
4.7
-
1.3
-
uS
Cb
-
400
-
400
pF
VnL
0.1VDD
-
0.1VDD
-
V
VnH
0.2VDD
-
0.2VDD
-
V
Symbol
I2C clock frequency
Hold time (repeated) START condition.
After this period, the first clock pulse is
generated.
Low period of I2C clock
High period of I2C clock
Set-up time for a repeated START
condition
Data hold time for I2C-bus devices
Data set-up time
Rise time of both I2C data and clock
signalss
Fall time of both I2C data and clock
signals
Set-up time for STOP condition
Bus free time between STOP and START
condition
Capacitive load for each bus line
Noise margin at the low level for each
connected device (including hysteresis)
Noise margin at the high level for each
connected device (including hysteresis)
-
Unit
Figure 2. I2C Timing Diagram
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Typical Electrical and Optical Characteristics Curves
Fig.3
Output code vs. Illuminance
Fig.4
6
1800
Fluorescent light
Incandescent light
1600
Ev = 0 Lux
Tint = 100 ms
1200
Output code (count)
Vcc = 3.3 V
Tint = 100 ms
1400
Output code (count)
Output code vs. Supply voltage
1000
800
600
400
4
2
200
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0
2.0
5000
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Supply voltage (V)
Illuminance (Lux)
Fig.5 Output code vs. Supply voltage
Fig.6
40
380
Ev = 100 Lux
Tint = 100 ms
Supply current vs. Supply voltage
Ev = 100 Lux
Tint = 100 ms
360
Supply current (uA)
Output code (count)
30
20
10
340
320
300
280
0
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
260
2.0
5.0
2.5
3.0
Supply voltage (V)
Fig.7
Supply current vs. Temperature
8
Output code (count)
Supply current (uA)
4.5
5.0
10
VDD = 3.3 V
Tint = 100 ms
Ev = 100 Lux
340
320
300
280
260
-60
4.0
Fig.8 Output code vs. Temperature
380
360
3.5
Supply voltage (V)
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
6
4
2
0
-60
100
Temperature (℃ )
VDD = 3.3 V
Ev = 0 Lux
Tint = 100 ms
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temperature (℃ )
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
Fig.9
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Output code vs. Temperature
Fig.10 Spectral response
50
Output code (count)
40
VDD = 3.3 V
Ev = 100 Lux
Tint = 100 ms
30
20
10
0
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Temperature (℃ )
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Communication Protocol
ALS-PDIC17-79NB contains an 8-bit command register that can be written and read via the I2C bus.
The command register controls the overall operation of the device. There is a two-byte word read-only register
that contains the latest converted value of A/D converter. The I2C slave address is hardwired internally as
0111001 (0x39, MSB to LSB, A6 to A0). All the Send Byte protocol, the Receive Byte protocol and Receive
Word protocol are implemented in ALS-PDIC17-79NB.
The Send Byte protocol allows single bytes of data to be written to the device (see Figure 11-a). The
written byte is called the COMMAND byte. The Receive Byte protocol allows one-byte data to be read from the
device (see Figure 11-b). Two-byte data can be read by following the Receive Word Protocol shown in Figure
11-c. In Figure 11, the clear area represents data sent by the host (master) and the shaded area represents
data returned by the ambient light sensor (slave device).
1
S
7
Slave Address
1
WR
0
1
A
0
8
Command Byte
1
A
0
1
P
(a) send byte protocol
1
S
7
Slave Address
1
RD
1
1
A
0
8
Data
1
NA
1
1
P
(b) Receive byte protocol
1
7
1
1
8
1
8
1
1
S
Slave Address
RD
A
LS byte of ADC
A
MS byte of ADC
NA
P
1
0
0
1
(c) Receive word (two bytes) protocol
S = start condition
P = stop condition
Shaded = slave transmission
A = acknowledge
NA = not acknowledge
WR = write
RD= read
Figure 11. Communication Protocol
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Communication Format
ALS-PDIC17-79NB is capable of working as an I2C slave. Address of this device on I2C bus is always
0x39 (hexadecimal number 39). Registers of the slave device can be programmed by sending commands
over I2C bus.
Figure 12 shows an I2C write operation. To write to an internal register of the slave device a command
must be sent by an I2C master. As illustrated in Figure 12, the I2C write command begins with a start condition.
After the start condition, seven bits of address are sent with MSB going first. RD / WRn (=Low) command bit
follows the address bits. Upon receiving a valid address the slave device responds by driving SDA low for an
ACK. After receiving an ACK, I2C master sends eight bits of data with MSB first. Upon receiving eight bits of
data the slave device generates an ACK. I2C master terminates this write command with a stop condition.
START
SDA
(Master OUT)
A6
SDA
(Slave OUT)
SCL
(Master OUT)
R/W A
Device Address 0x39 (Hex)
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
W
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 12.
A
R7
A
SDA driven byMaster
6
7
8
A
Command to Device
9
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
2
3
4
5
A
A
SDA driven byMaster
1
STOP
6
7
8
9
I2C Timing Diagram for Send Byte Format
Figure 13 shows an I2C read command sent by the master to the slave device. I2C read command
begins with a start condition. After the start condition seven bits of address are sent by the master with MSB
going first. After the address bits, RD / WRn command bit is sent. For a read command the RD / WRn bits is
high. Upon receiving the address bits and RD / WRn command bits the slave device responds with an ACK.
After sending an ACK, the slave device sends eight bits of data with MSB going first. After receiving the one
byte data, the I2C master terminates this transaction by issuing a NACK command to indicate that the master
only wanted to read one byte from the device. The master generates a stop condition to end this transaction.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
START
R/W A
Device Address 0x39 (Hex)
SDA
(Master OUT)
A6
A5
SDA
(Slave OUT)
A4
A3
A2
A1
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
A0
SDA driven bySlave
R
A
SDA driven byMaster
SCL
(Master OUT)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
Data to Master
8
NA
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
STOP
9
I2C Timing Diagram for Receive Byte Format
Figure 13
Ambient light intensity count value can be obtained by reading registers of this device. Ambient light
intensity count is a 15-bit wide number plus a valid bit and hence word (two bytes) read operation is needed,
as shown in Figure 14. After receiving the two byte data, the I2C master terminates this transaction by issuing
a NACK command to indicate that the master only wanted to read two bytes from the device. The master
generates a stop condition to end this transaction.
START
SDA
(Master OUT)
A
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 14.
8
9
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
MS byte of ADC Register
A
SDA driven bySlave
SDA driven byMaster
1
A
LS byte of ADC register
A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R
SDA
(Slave OUT)
SCL
(Master OUT)
R/W A
Device Address 0x39 (Hex)
STOP
NA
SDA driven bySlave
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
I2C Timing Diagram for Receive Word Format
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Theory of Operation
The photocurrent, generated by the built-in photodiode while being illuminated, is proportionally
converted to frequency; the digital frequency signal is then integrated by a 15-bit counter for a predetermined
period of time (tint). This period of time is called integration time which can be adjusted by changing the
nominal value of the resistor between the RINT and GND terminals. The converted data are read out through
a two-wire, I2C Interface bus. Since the photodiode has been specially processed to suppress the spectral
response in infrared region, the readout is very close to the photopic transfer function, v(λ), which is the
mathematic expression of human-eye's response to ambient light.
Address Option for I2C
The I2C address is determined before placing an order; users can assign any one of the three
addresses (0x39, 0x29, 0x40) for their specific application. Without any prior request for a specific I2C address,
the default address is 0x39.
Table 1. Conncecting options of I2C address
Address Pin
I2C Address
Configuration
Floating
0x39 (default)
Tied to GND
0x29
Tied to VCC
0x44
ADC Register
The ADC register contains 16 bits with a 15-bit wide data from D0 to D14 and a valid bit D15. The
register is divided into two groups; D[15..8] is the most significant (MS) byte and D[7..0] is the least significant
(LS) byte. See Table 2 for details.
Table 2.
ADC Register Structure
Valid Bit
D15
Data Bits
D14
D13 ~ D8
MSB
D7~D1
D0
LSB
Most Significant (MS) byte
Least Significant (LS) byte
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Device Command
There are eight command codes are provided for I2C master to control the ambient light sensor. The
specific function corresponding to each command code is elaborate in Table 3.
Table 3. Command Code List
Command
Function
Code
Shut-down mode, this is the default state after applying VDD power to the device.
1xxx_xxxx
During shut-down mode, users can do the communication test. Except the MSB
(binary code)
must be logic 1, the value written to the command register will not change any
function and can be read back via the I2C bus by issuing Receive Byte Protocol.
Activate the ambient light sensor and put the device in [continuous operation
0x0C
mode], The ADC register will be refreshed every tint integration time which is set
by an external resistor Rext. See Table 4 for details.
Activate the ambient light sensor and put the device in [one time integration
0x04
mode]. The integration time is controlled by I2C commands, start and stop
integration.
Start integration: This command will reset the ADC register to 0x0000 and begin a
0x08
new integration in [one time integration mode]. This is an invalid command in
[continuous operation mode].
Stop integration: This command will stop the integration in [one time integration
0x30
mode] and set the valid bit ( D[15] ) high. This is an invalid command in
[continuous operation mode].
0x34
Reserved for future expansion.
Programming Sequence
Case 1: Using internal integration timing
(1). After being powered on, the device will initially be in the shut-down mode (default
setting).
(2). To operate the device, issue an Send Byte protocol (see Figure 11-a) with the device
address 0x39
followed by a command byte of 0x0C to activate the ambient light sensor and put the device into
"continuous operation mode".
(3). To read the ADC conversion result, issue an Receive Word protocol (see Figure 11-c)
with the
device address 0x39 followed by two-byte reading procedures.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
(4). If a conversion has not been completed since being activated, the valid bit ( D[15] ) will be 0
to
indicate that the data is not valid. If there is a valid conversion result available, the valid bit ( D[15] )
will be set logic high, and the remaining 15 bits will represent valid data from the ADC register.
(5). Data may be read repeatedly from the ADC register, and although it will remain valid, the ADC
register will not be updated until a new conversion completes.
Case 2: Using external integration timing
(1). After being powered on, the device will initially be in the shut-down mode (default setting).
(2). To operate the device, issue an Send Byte protocol (see Figure 11-a) with the device address 0x39
followed by a command byte of 0x04 to activate the ambient light sensor and put the device into "one
time integration mode".
(3). I2C master sends a "start integration command" to the salve device by issuing Send Byte protocol
with the device address 0x39 followed by a command byte of 0x08.
(4). After a period of user defined integration time, I2C master sends a "stop integration command" to the
salve device by issuing Send Byte protocol with the device address 0x39 followed by a command
byte of 0x30.
(5). To read the ADC conversion result, issue an Receive Word protocol (see Figure 11-c) with the device
address 0x39 followed by two-byte reading procedures.
(6). If the stop integration command is not received by the device, the valid bit ( D[15] ) will be 0
to
indicate that the data is not valid. If there is a valid conversion result available, the valid bit ( D[15] )
will be set logic high, and the remaining 15 bits will represent valid data from the ADC register.
(7). Data may be read repeatedly from the ADC register, and although it will remain valid, the ADC
register will not be updated until a new complete integration cycle has been carried out.
In both cases, the power consumption of the device can be reduced by issue an Send Byte protocol
with the device address 0x39 followed by a data byte of 0x8C.
Noise Rejection and Integration Time
In general, integrating type ADC’s have an excellent noise rejection characteristics for periodic noise
sources whose frequency is an integer multiple of the integration time. For instance, a 60Hz AC unwanted
signal’s sum from 0ms to n*16.66ms (n = 1,2...ni) is zero.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Similarly, setting the ALS-PDIC17-79NB integration time to an integer multiple of periodic noise signal
greatly improves the light sensor output signal in the presence of noise. The integration time, tint, of the
ALS-PDIC17-79NB is set by an external resistor Rext. The maximum detection range is inversely proportional
to the integration time; that means the longer integration time the lower detection range.
Table 4. Rext Resistor Selection Guide
Rext
Detection range
Resolution
( lux )
( lux / count )
50
220,000
6.71
100
110,000
3.36
200
200
55,000
1.68
300
300
36,600
1.12
400
27,500
0.84
(KΩ)
Integration time ( mS )
50
(min.)
100
(recommended)
400
(max.)
In order to achieve both 60Hz and 50Hz AC rejection, the integration time needs to be adjusted to
coincide with an integer multiple of the AC noise cycle times. To determine a suitable integration time, tint, that
will ignore the presence of both 60Hz and 50Hz noise, users can use the formula:
tint = n(1/60Hz) = m(1/50Hz), where n and m are integers.
n/m = 60Hz/50Hz = 6/5.
The first instance of integer values at which tint rejects both 60Hz and 50Hz is when m = 5,
and n = 6,
thus,
tint = 6(1/60Hz) = 5(1/50Hz) = 100ms,
Rext = tint * (100kΩ/100ms) = 100kΩ, (see Table 4)
By populating Rext = 100kΩ, ALS-PDIC17-79NB defaults to 100ms integration time in continuous
operation mode, and will reject the presence of both 60Hz and 50Hz power line signals. When working in
one-time integration mode, the master must control the integration time to be an integer multiple of 100mS.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Power Supply Decoupling and Layout
The power supply lines must be decoupled with capacitors, 4.7uF and 0.1uF, placed as close to the
device package as possible. The bypass capacitor should have low effective series resistance (ESR) and
effective series inductance (ESI), such as the common ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to
ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents caused by internal logic switching. ALS-PDIC17-79NB
is relatively insensitive to layout. Like other I2C devices, it is intended to provide excellent performance even in
significantly noisy environments. There are only a few considerations that will ensure best performance. Route
the supply and I2C traces as far as possible from all sources of noise. Use two power-supply decoupling
capacitors, 4.7µF and 0.1µF, placed close to the device.
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Optical window dimensions
In order to prevent ALS performance being affected by improper window design, some constrains on
the dimensions and design of the window is as an example shown below,
D2 =
X =
D1
tan( 90 ° −
θ
2
×2
)
( D 3 + D1 )
tan( 90 ° −
θ
2
×2
)
θ: View Angle
D1 : Distance between ALS and Windows
D2 : Window’s Size
D3 : Distance between light source and window
X : Detection Width
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Recommended method of storage
1. Do not open moisture proof bag before devices are ready to use.
2. Shelf life in sealed bag from the bag seal date:
18 months at 10°C~30°C and < 90% RH.
3. After opening the package, the devices must be stored at 10°C~30°C and ≤ 60%RH, and
used within 168 hours (floor life).
4. If the moisture absorbent material (desiccant material) has faded or unopened bag has
exceeded the shelf life or devices (out of bag) have exceeded the floor life, baking
treatment is required.
5. If baking is required, refer to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033 for bake procedure or recommend
the following conditions:
192 hours at 40°C +5/–0°C and < 5 % RH (reeled/tubed/loose units) or
96 hours at 60°C ± 5°C and < 5 % RH (reeled/tubed/loose units) or
24 hours at 125°C ± 5°C, not suitable for reel or tubes.
Recommended Solder Profile
Notice:
(1) Reflow soldering should not be done more than two times.
(2) When soldering, do not put stress on the devices during heating.
(3) After soldering, do not warp the circuit board.
Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd.
Document No: DLS-xxxxxxx Rev1
http://www.everlight.com
Oct. 12, 2010
17
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ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Soldering Iron
Each terminal is to go to the tip of soldering iron temperature less than 350℃ for 3 seconds within
once in less than the soldering iron capacity 25W. Leave two seconds and more intervals, and do
soldering of each terminal. Be careful because the damage of the product is often started at the time of
the hand solder.
Repairing
Repair should not be done after the device have been soldered. When repairing is unavoidable, a
double-head soldering iron should be used (as below figure). It should be confirmed beforehand whether
the characteristics of the device will or will not be
damaged by repairing.
Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd.
Document No: DLS-xxxxxxx Rev1
http://www.everlight.com
Oct. 12, 2010
18
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Packing Quantity Specification
2000 PCS/ 1 Reel
Label Format
Reel Dimensions
Unit: mm
Tolerance: ±0.1mm
Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd.
Document No: DLS-xxxxxxx Rev1
http://www.everlight.com
Oct. 12, 2010
19
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Tape Dimensions
Unit: mm
Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd.
Document No: DLS-xxxxxxx Rev1
http://www.everlight.com
Oct. 12, 2010
20
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I C Digital Ambient Light Sensor
ALS-PDIC17-79NB/TR8
Note:
1. Above specification may be changed without notice. EVERLIGHT will reserve authority on material
change for above specification.
2. When using this product, please observe the absolute maximum ratings and the instructions for using
outlined in these specification sheets. EVERLIGHT assumes no responsibility for any damage
resulting from use of the product which does not comply with the absolute maximum ratings and the
instructions included in these specification sheets.
3. These specification sheets include materials protected under copyright of EVERLIGHT corporation.
Please don’t reproduce or cause anyone to reproduce them without EVERLIGHT’s consent.
Everlight Electronics Co., Ltd.
Document No: DLS-xxxxxxx Rev1
http://www.everlight.com
Oct. 12, 2010
21