LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 LM5041 Cascaded PWM Controller Check for Samples: LM5041 FEATURES PACKAGES • • • • 1 2 • • • • • • • • • • Internal Start-up Bias Regulator Programmable Line Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) with Adjustable Hysteresis Current Mode Control Internal Error Amplifier with Reference Dual Mode Over-Current Protection Leading Edge Blanking Programmable Push-Pull Overlap or Dead Time Internal 1.5A Push-Pull Gate Drivers Programmable Soft-start Programmable Oscillator with Sync Capability Precision Reference Thermal Shutdown APPLICATIONS • • • • Telecommunication Power Converters Industrial Power Converters Multi-Output Power Converters +42V Automotive Systems TSSOP-16 WSON-16 (5x5 mm) Thermally Enhanced DESCRIPTION The LM5041 PWM controller contains all of the features necessary to implement either current-fed or voltage-fed push-pull or bridge power converters. These “Cascaded” topologies are well suited for multiple output and higher power applications. The LM5041’s four control outputs include: the buck stage controls (HD and LD) and the push-pull control outputs (PUSH and PULL). Push-pull outputs are driven at 50% nominal duty cycle at one half of the switching frequency of the buck stage and can be configured for either a specified overlap time (for current-fed applications) or a specified both-off time (for voltage-fed applications). Push-pull stage MOSFETs can be driven directly from the internal gate drivers while the buck stage requires an external driver such as the LM5102. The LM5041 includes a high-voltage start-up regulator that operates over a wide input range of 15V to 100V. The PWM controller is designed for high-speed capability including an oscillator frequency range up to 1 MHz and total propagation delays of less than 100ns. Additional features include: line Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO), soft-start, an error amplifier, precision voltage reference, and thermal shutdown. 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Typical Application Circuit VOUT 33 - 76V VDD HB VCC VIN HD HI HO HS LD LM5041 LI RT LM5102 2 VSS LO RT1 RT2 PUSH FEED BACK PULL FB Figure 1. Simplified Cascaded Push-Pull Power Converter Connection Diagram 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VIN UVLO FB RT COMP 15 14 TIME 13 REF SS HD CS LD AGND VCC PGND PUSH 16 12 11 10 9 PULL Figure 2. 16-Lead TSSOP, WSON Package Number PW, NHQ0016A 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 PIN DESCRIPTION PIN NAME DESCRIPTION APPLICATION INFORMATION 1 VIN Source Input Voltage Input to start-up regulator. Input range 15V to 100V. 2 FB Feedback Signal Inverting input for the internal error amplifier. The noninverting input is connected to a 0.75V reference. 3 COMP Output of the Internal Error Amplifier There is an internal 5kΩ resistor pull-up on this pin. The error amplifier provides an active sink. 4 REF Precision 5 volt reference output Maximum output current: 10mA. Locally decouple with a 0.1µF capacitor. Reference stays low until the line UV and the VCC UV are satisfied. 5 HD Main Buck PWM control output Buck switch PWM control output. The maximum duty cycle clamp for this output corresponds to an off time of typically 240ns per cycle. The LM5101 or LM5102 Buck stage gate driver can be used to level shift and drive the Buck switch. 6 LD Sync Switch control output Sync Switch control output. Inversion of HD output. The LM5101 or LM5102 lower drive can be used to drive the synchronous rectifier switch. 7 VCC Output from the internal high voltage start-up regulator. Regulated to 9 volts. If an auxiliary winding raises the voltage on this pin above the regulation setpoint, the internal start-up regulator will shutdown, reducing the IC power dissipation. 8 PUSH Output of the push-pull drivers Output of the push-pull gate driver. Output capability of 1.5A peak . 9 PULL Output of the push-pull drivers Output of the push-pull gate driver. Output capability of 1.5A peak. 10 PGND Power ground Connect directly to analog ground. 11 AGND Analog ground Connect directly to power ground. 12 CS Current sense input Current sense input to the PWM comparator (CM control). There is a 50ns leading edge blanking on this pin. Using separate dedicated comparators, if CS exceeds 0.5V the outputs will go into cycle by cycle current limit. If CS exceeds 0.6V the outputs will be disabled and a soft-start commenced. 13 SS Soft-start control An external capacitor and an internal 10uA current source, set the soft-start ramp. The controller will enter a low power state if the SS pin is below the shutdown threshold of 0.45V 14 TIME Push-Pull overlap and dead time control An external resistor (RSET) sets the overlap time or dead time for the push-pull outputs. A resistor connected between TIME and GND produces overlap. A resistor connected between TIME and REF produces dead time. 15 RT / SYNC Oscillator timing resistor pin and sync An external resistor sets the oscillator frequency. This pin will also accept an external oscillator. 16 UVLO Line Under-Voltage Shutdown An external divider from the power converter source sets the shutdown levels. Threshold of operation equals 2.5V. Hysteresis is set by a switched internal current source (20µA). WSON DAP SUB Die substrate The exposed die attach pad on the WSON package should be connected to a PCB thermal pad at ground potential. For additional information on using Texas Instruments' No Pull Back WSON package, please refer to LLP Application Note AN-1187 SNOA401. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 3 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Block Diagram Figure 3. Simplified Block Diagram 9V SERIES REGULATOR VIN VCC 5V REFERENCE VCC ENABLE VREF UVLO UVLO + - 2.5V LOGI C UVLO HYSTERESIS (20PA) 45PA CLK HD 5V SLOPE COMP RAMP GENERATOR COMP 5k 0.75V FB PWM 100k + - S Q LD + R 1.4V 50k Q LOGIC SS PGND CS 2k 0.5V + - CLK + LEB 0.6V + AGND 10PA SS SS TIME + 0.45V ENABLE VCC SHUTDOWN COMPARATOR DRIVE R OSC CLK RT / SYNC OSCILLATOR DIVIDE BY 2 OVERLAP OR DEAD TIME CONTROL PUSH VCC DRIVE R PULL These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 4 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) (2) VIN to GND 100V VCC to GND 16V All Other Inputs to GND -0.3 to 7V Junction Temperature 150°C Storage Temperature Range -65°C to +150°C ESD Rating 2 kV Lead temperature (3) Wave 4 seconds 260°C Infrared 10 seconds 240°C Vapor Phase 75 seconds 219°C (1) Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the device is intended to be functional. For verified specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications. For detailed information on soldering plastic TSSOP and WSON packages, refer to the Packaging Data Book available from Texas Instruments. (2) (3) Operating Ratings (1) VIN 15 to 90V Junction Temperature (1) -40°C to +125°C Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the device is intended to be functional. For verified specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Electrical Characteristics Specifications with standard typeface are for TJ = 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Junction Temperature range. VIN = 48V, VCC = 10V, RT = 26.7kΩ, RSET = 20kΩ) unless otherwise stated. (1) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 8.7 9 9.3 V Startup Regulator VCC Reg I-VIN VCC Regulation open circuit (2) VCC Current Limit See Startup Regulator Leakage (external Vcc Supply) VIN = 100V 15 145 25 500 mA µA Shutdown Current (Iin) UVLO = 0V, VCC = open 350 450 µA VCC Supply VCC Under-voltage Lockout Voltage (positive going Vcc) VCC Under-voltage Hysteresis Supply Current (ICC) VCC Reg 400mV VCC Reg - 275mV 1.7 2.1 2.6 V 3 4 mA CL = 0 V Error Amplifier GBW Gain Bandwidth 3 DC Gain (1) (2) MHz 80 Input Voltage VFB = COMP COMP Sink Capability VFB = 1.5V, COMP= 1V dB 0.735 0.75 4 8 0.765 V mA All limits are specified. All electrical characteristics having room temperature limits are tested during production with TA = TJ = 25°C. All hot and cold limits are verified by correlating the electrical characteristics to process and temperature variations and applying statistical process control. Device thermal limitations may limit usable range. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 5 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Electrical Characteristics (continued) Specifications with standard typeface are for TJ = 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Junction Temperature range. VIN = 48V, VCC = 10V, RT = 26.7kΩ, RSET = 20kΩ) unless otherwise stated.(1) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 5 5.15 V 25 50 mV Reference Supply VREF Ref Voltage IREF = 0 mA Ref Voltage Regulation IREF = 0 to 10mA 4.85 Ref Current Limit 15 20 mA 40 ns Current Limit ILIM Delay to Output CS Step from 0 to 0.6V Time to Onset of OUT Transition (90%) CL = 0 Cycle by Cycle Threshold Voltage Cycle Skip Threshold Voltage Resets SS capacitor; auto restart 0.45 0.5 0.55 V 0.55 0.6 0.65 V Leading Edge Blanking Time CS Sink Current (clocked) CS = 0.3V 2 50 ns 5 mA Soft-Start Soft-start Current Source 7 10 13 µA Soft-start to COMP Offset 0.35 0.55 0.75 V Shutdown Threshold 0.25 0.5 0.75 V 180 175 200 220 225 kHz 515 600 685 kHz 3 3.5 V Oscillator Frequency1 (RT = 26.7KΩ) TJ = 25°C Frequency2 (RT = 7.87KΩ) Sync threshold PWM Comparator Delay to Output COMP set to 2V CS stepped 0 to 0.4V, Time to onset of OUT transition low Max Duty Cycle TS = Oscillator Period Min Duty Cycle COMP = 0V 25 ns (Ts-240ns)/Ts) COMP to PWM Comparator Gain % 0 % 0.32 COMP Open Circuit Voltage FB = 0V 4.1 4.8 5.5 V COMP Short Circuit Current FB = 0V, COMP = 0V 0.6 1 1.4 mA Slope Compensation Slope Comp Amplitude Delta increase at PWM Comparator to CS 110 mV UVLO Shutdown Under-voltage Shutdown 2.44 2.5 2.56 V Under-voltage Shutdown Hysteresis Current Source 16 20 24 µA Buck Stage Outputs Output High level Output High Saturation 6 5 (VREF) IOUT = 10mA REF = VOUT 0.5 Submit Documentation Feedback V 1 V Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Specifications with standard typeface are for TJ = 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Junction Temperature range. VIN = 48V, VCC = 10V, RT = 26.7kΩ, RSET = 20kΩ) unless otherwise stated.(1) Symbol Typ Max Units Output Low Saturation Parameter IOUT = −10mA Conditions Min 0.5 1 V Rise Time CL = 100pF 10 ns Fall Time CL = 100pF 10 ns Push-Pull Outputs Overlap Time RSET = 20kΩ Connected to GND, 50% to 50% Transitions 60 90 120 ns Dead Time RSET = 20kΩ Connected to REF, 50% to 50% Transitions 65 95 125 ns Output High Saturation IOUT = 50mA VCC - VOUT 0.25 0.5 V Output Low Saturation IOUT = 100mA 0.5 1 Rise Time CL = 1nF 20 ns Fall Time CL = 1nF 20 ns Thermal Shutdown Temp. 165 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 25 °C PW Package 125 °C/W NHQ0016A Package 32 °C/W V Thermal Shutdown TSD Thermal Resistance θJA Junction to Ambient Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 7 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics VCC and VIN vs VIN VCC vs ICC 10 20 VIN 8 VIN = 15V 6 VCC (V) VCC AND VIN (V) 15 VCC 10 4 5 2 0 0 5 0 15 10 20 0 5 10 15 VIN (V) ICC (mA) Figure 4. Figure 5. SS Pin Current vs Temp Frequency vs RT 13 20 25 1000 FREQUENCY (kHz) SS CURRENT (PA) 12 11 10 9 8 100 7 -25 25 75 125 10000 1000 Figure 6. Figure 7. Overlap Time vs RSET Dead Time vs RSET 500 500 400 400 DEAD TIME (ns) OVERLAP TIME (ns) TEMPERATURE ( C) 300 200 100 300 200 100 0 0 10 8 100000 RT (:) o 30 50 70 90 110 10 30 50 70 RSET (k:) RSET (k:) Figure 8. Figure 9. Submit Documentation Feedback 90 110 Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) Dead Time vs Temp 120 130 110 120 DEAD TIME (ns) OVERLAP TIME (ns) Overlap Time vs Temp 100 RSET = 20k: 90 80 70 110 RSET = 20k: 100 90 80 70 60 -25 25 75 -25 125 25 75 TEMPERATURE (oC) TEMPERATURE (oC) Figure 10. Figure 11. 125 Error Amplifier Gain Phase Figure 12. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 9 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com DETAILED OPERATING DESCRIPTION The LM5041 PWM controller contains all of the features necessary to implement either current-fed or voltage-fed push-pull or bridge power converters. These “Cascaded” topologies are well suited for multiple output and higher power applications. The LM5041’s four control outputs include: the buck stage controls (HD and LD) and the push-pull control outputs (PUSH and PULL). Push-pull outputs are driven at 50% nominal duty cycle at one half of the switching frequency of the buck stage and can be configured for either a specified overlap time (for current-fed applications) or a specified both-off time (for voltage-fed applications). Push-pull stage MOSFETs can be driven directly from the internal gate drivers while the buck stage requires an external driver such as the LM5102. The LM5041 includes a high-voltage start-up regulator that operates over a wide input range of 15V to 100V. The PWM controller is designed for high-speed capability including an oscillator frequency range up to 1 MHz and total propagation delays of less than 100ns. Additional features include: line Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO), soft-start, an error amplifier, precision voltage reference, and thermal shutdown. High Voltage Start-Up Regulator The LM5041 contains an internal high-voltage start-up regulator, thus the input pin (Vin) can be connected directly to the line voltage. The regulator output is internally current limited to 15mA. When power is applied, the regulator is enabled and sources current into an external capacitor connected to the Vcc pin. The recommended capacitance range for the Vcc regulator is 0.1uF to 100uF. When the voltage on the Vcc pin reaches the regulation point of 9V and the internal voltage reference (REF) reaches its regulation point of 5V, the controller outputs are enabled. The Buck stage outputs will remain enabled until Vcc falls below 7V or the line UnderVoltage Lockout detector indicates that Vin is out of range. The push-pull outputs continue switching until the REF pin voltage falls below approximately 3V. In typical applications, an auxiliary transformer winding is connected through a diode to the Vcc pin. This winding must raise the Vcc voltage above 9.3V to shut off the internal start-up regulator. Powering VCC from an auxiliary winding improves efficiency while reducing the controller's power dissipation. The recommended capacitance range for the Vref regulator output is 0.1uF to 10uF. The external VCC capacitor must be sized such that the capacitor maintains a VCC voltage greater than 7V during the initial start-up. During a fault mode when the converter auxiliary winding is inactive, external current draw on the VCC line should be limited so the power dissipated in the start-up regulator does not exceed the maximum power dissipation of the controller. An external start-up or other bias rail can be used instead of the internal start-up regulator by connecting the VCC and the VIN pins together and feeding the external bias voltage into the two pins. Line Under-Voltage Detector The LM5041 contains a line Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) circuit. An external set-point resistor divider from VIN to ground sets the operational range of the converter. The divider must be designed such that the voltage at the UVLO pin will be greater than 2.5V when VIN is in the desired operating range. If the Under-Voltage threshold is not met, all functions of the controller are disabled and the controller will enter a low-power state with input current <300µA. ULVO hysteresis is accomplished with an internal 20µA current source that is switched on or off into the impedance of the set-point divider. When the UVLO threshold is exceeded, the current source is activated to instantly raise the voltage at the UVLO pin. When the UVLO pin falls below the 2.5V threshold, the current source is turned off causing the voltage at the UVLO pin to fall. The UVLO pin can also be used to implement a remote enable / disable function. By shorting the UVLO pin to ground, the converter can be disabled. The controller can also be disabled through the soft-start pin (SS). The controller will enter a low-power off state if the SS pin is forced below the 0.45V shutdown threshold. Buck Stage Control Outputs The LM5041 Buck switch maximum duty cycle clamp ensures that there will be sufficient off time each cycle to recharge the bootstrap capacitor used in the high side gate driver. The Buck switch is specified to be off, and the sync switch on, for at least 250ns per switching cycle. The Buck stage control outputs (LD and HD) are CMOS buffers with logic levels of 0 to 5V. During any fault state or Under-Voltage off state, the buck stage control outputs will default to HD low and LD high. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Push-Pull Outputs The push pull outputs operate continuously at a nominal 50% duty cycle. A distinguishing feature of the LM5041 is the ability to accurately configure either dead time (both-off) or overlap time (both-on) on the complementary push-pull outputs. The overlap/dead time magnitude is controlled by a resistor connected to the TIME pin on the controller. The TIME pin holds one end of the resistor at 2.5V and the other end of the resistor should be connected to either REF for dead time control setting or to GND for overlap control. The polarity of the current in the TIME is detected by the LM5041 The magnitude of the overlap/dead time can be calculated as follows: • Overlap Time (ns) = (3.66 x RSET) + 7 • Overlap Time in ns, RSET connected to GND, RSET in kΩ • Dead Time (ns) = (3.69 x RSET) + 21 • Dead Time in ns, RSET connected to REF, RSET in kΩ • Recommended RSET programming range: 10kΩ to 100kΩ Current-fed designs require a period of overlap to insure there is a continuous path for the buck inductor current. Voltage-fed designs require a period of dead time to insure there is no time when the push-pull transformer acts as a shorted turn to the low impedance sourcing node. The push-pull outputs alternate continuously under all conditions provided REF the voltage is greater than 3V. K1 * RSET PUSH DEADTIME WAVEFORMS K1 * RSET PULL K2 * RSET PUSH OVERLAP WAVEFORMS K2 * RSET PULL PWM Comparator The PWM comparator compares the slope compensated current ramp signal to the loop error voltage from the internal error amplifier (COMP pin). This comparator is optimized for speed in order to achieve minimum controllable duty cycles. The comparator polarity is such that 0V on the COMP pin will produce zero duty cycle in the buck stage. Error Amplifier An internal high gain wide-bandwidth error amplifier is provided within the LM5041. The amplifier’s non-inverting input is tied to a 0.75V reference. The inverting input is connected to the FB pin. In non-isolated applications the power converter output is connected to the FB pin via the voltage setting resistors. Loop compensation components are connected between the COMP and FB pins. For most isolated applications the error amplifier function is implemented on the secondary side of the converter and the internal error amp is not used. The internal error amplifier is configured as an open drain output and can be disabled by connecting the FB pin to ground. An internal 5kΩ pull-up resistor between the 5V reference and COMP can be used as the pull-up for an opto-coupler in isolated applications. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 11 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Current Limit/Current Sense The LM5041 contains two levels of over-current protection. If the voltage at the CS pin exceeds 0.5V the present buck stage duty cycle is terminated (cycle by cycle current limit). If the voltage at the CS pin overshoots the 0.5V threshold and exceeds 0.6V, then the controller will terminate the present cycle and fully discharge the soft-start capacitor. A small RC filter located near the controller is recommended to filter current sense signals at the CS pin. An internal MOSFET discharges the external CS pin for an additional 50ns at the beginning of each cycle to reduce the leading edge spike that occurs when the buck stage MOSFET is turned on. The LM5041 current sense and PWM comparators are very fast, and may respond to short duration noise pulses. Layout considerations are critical for the current sense filter and sense resistor. The capacitor associated with the CS filter must be placed close to the device and connected directly to the pins of the controller (CS and GND). If a current sense transformer is used, both leads of the transformer secondary should be routed to the sense resistor, which should also be located close to the IC. A resistor may be used for current sensing instead of a transformer, located in the push-pull transistor sources, but a low inductance type of resistor is required. When designing with a sense resistor, all of the noise sensitive low power grounds should be connected together around the IC and a single connection should be made to the high current power ground (sense resistor ground point). The second level current sense threshold is intended to protect the power converter by initiating a low duty cycle hick-up mode when abnormally high currents are sensed. If the second level threshold is reached, the soft-start capacitor will be discharged and a start-up sequence will commence when the soft-start capacitor is determined to be fully discharged. The second level threshold will only be reached when a high dV/dt is present at the current sense pin. The current sense transient must be fast enough to reach the second level threshold before the first threshold detector turns off the buck stage driver. Very high current sense dV/dt can occur with a saturated power inductor or shorted load. Excessive filtering on the CS pin such as an extremely low value current sense resistor or an inductor that does not saturate with excessive loading, may prevent the second level threshold from being reached. If the second level threshold is never exceeded during an overload condition, the first level current sense will continue cycle by cycle limiting and the output characteristic of the converter will be that of a current source. However, a sustained overload current level can cause excessive temperatures in the power train especially the output rectifiers. Oscillator and Sync Capability The LM5041 oscillator is set by a single external resistor connected between the RT pin and GND. To set a desired oscillator frequency (F), the necessary RT resistor can be calculated from: RT = (1/F) - 235 x 10-9 : 182 x 10-12 (1) The buck stage will switch at the oscillator frequency and each push-pull output will switch at half the oscillator frequency in a push-pull configuration. The LM5041 can also be synchronized to an external clock. The external clock must have a higher frequency than the free running frequency set by the RT resistor. The clock signal should be capacitively coupled into the RT pin with a 100pF capacitor. A peak voltage level greater than 3V is required for detection of the sync pulse. The sync pulse width should be set in the 15 to 150ns range by the external components. The RT resistor is always required, whether the oscillator is free running or externally synchronized. The voltage at the RT pin is internally regulated to 2V. The RT resistor should be located very close to the device and connected directly to the pins of the IC (RT and GND). Slope Compensation The PWM comparator compares the current sense signal to the voltage at the COMP pin. The output stage of the internal error amplifier generally drives the COMP pin. At duty cycles greater than 50 percent, current mode control circuits are subject to sub-harmonic oscillation. By adding an additional fixed ramp signal (slope compensation) to the current sense ramp, oscillations can be avoided. The LM5041 integrates this slope compensation by buffering the internal oscillator ramp and summing a current ramp generated by the oscillator internally with the current sense signal. Additional slope compensation may be provided by increasing the source impedance of the current sense signal. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Soft-start and Shutdown The soft-start feature allows the power converter to gradually reach the initial steady state operating point, thereby reducing start-up stresses and surges. At power on, a 10uA current is sourced out of the soft-start pin (SS) to charge an external capacitor. The capacitor voltage will ramp up slowly and will limit the maximum duty cycle of the buck stage. In the event of a fault as indicated by VCC Under-voltage, line Under-voltage or second level current limit, the output drivers are disabled and the soft-start capacitor is discharged to ground. When the fault condition is no longer present, a soft-start sequence will begin again and buck stage duty cycle will gradually increase as the soft-start capacitor is charged. The SS pin also serves as an enable input. The controller will enter a low power state if the SS pin is forced below the 0.45V threshold. Thermal Protection Internal Thermal Shutdown circuitry is provided to protect the integrated circuit in the event that the maximum junction temperature is exceeded. When activated, typically at 165 degrees Celsius, the controller is forced into a low-power standby state, disabling the output drivers and the bias regulator. This feature is provided to prevent catastrophic failures from accidental device overheating. Typical Application VOUT T1 L1 33 - 76V VDD HB VDD HB VCC VIN HD HI HO HO + HI T1 HS HS LD LI + LI LO LM5100 LM5102 LM5041 VSS LO RT2 RT1 PUSH PULL COMP FEED BACK Figure 13. Simplified Cascaded Half-Bridge Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 13 LM5041 SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Application Circuit: Input 35-80V, Output 2.5V, 50A 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 LM5041 www.ti.com SNVS248D – AUGUST 2003 – REVISED MARCH 2013 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision C (March 2013) to Revision D • Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 13 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2003–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM5041 15 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 1-Nov-2013 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) LM5041MTC/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 92 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 LM5041 MTC LM5041MTCX NRND TSSOP PW 16 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 125 LM5041 MTC LM5041MTCX/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 LM5041 MTC LM5041SD NRND WSON NHQ 16 1000 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 125 5041SD LM5041SD/NOPB ACTIVE WSON NHQ 16 1000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 5041SD LM5041SDX/NOPB ACTIVE WSON NHQ 16 4500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 5041SD (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 1-Nov-2013 (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 11-Oct-2013 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing LM5041MTCX TSSOP LM5041MTCX/NOPB LM5041SD SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant PW 16 2500 330.0 12.4 6.95 8.3 1.6 8.0 12.0 Q1 TSSOP PW 16 2500 330.0 12.4 6.95 8.3 1.6 8.0 12.0 Q1 WSON NHQ 16 1000 178.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.3 8.0 12.0 Q1 LM5041SD/NOPB WSON NHQ 16 1000 178.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.3 8.0 12.0 Q1 LM5041SDX/NOPB WSON NHQ 16 4500 330.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.3 8.0 12.0 Q1 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 11-Oct-2013 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) LM5041MTCX TSSOP PW 16 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0 LM5041MTCX/NOPB TSSOP PW 16 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0 LM5041SD WSON NHQ 16 1000 210.0 185.0 35.0 LM5041SD/NOPB WSON NHQ 16 1000 210.0 185.0 35.0 LM5041SDX/NOPB WSON NHQ 16 4500 367.0 367.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 MECHANICAL DATA NHQ0016A SDA16A (Rev A) www.ti.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All semiconductor products (also referred to herein as “components”) are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its components to the specifications applicable at the time of sale, in accordance with the warranty in TI’s terms and conditions of sale of semiconductor products. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by applicable law, testing of all parameters of each component is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’ products. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with Buyers’ products and applications, Buyers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI components or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of significant portions of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI components or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that component or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI component or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. Buyer acknowledges and agrees that it is solely responsible for compliance with all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning its products, and any use of TI components in its applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Buyer represents and agrees that it has all the necessary expertise to create and implement safeguards which anticipate dangerous consequences of failures, monitor failures and their consequences, lessen the likelihood of failures that might cause harm and take appropriate remedial actions. Buyer will fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of any TI components in safety-critical applications. In some cases, TI components may be promoted specifically to facilitate safety-related applications. With such components, TI’s goal is to help enable customers to design and create their own end-product solutions that meet applicable functional safety standards and requirements. Nonetheless, such components are subject to these terms. No TI components are authorized for use in FDA Class III (or similar life-critical medical equipment) unless authorized officers of the parties have executed a special agreement specifically governing such use. Only those TI components which TI has specifically designated as military grade or “enhanced plastic” are designed and intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments. Buyer acknowledges and agrees that any military or aerospace use of TI components which have not been so designated is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that Buyer is solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI has specifically designated certain components as meeting ISO/TS16949 requirements, mainly for automotive use. In any case of use of non-designated products, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet ISO/TS16949. Products Applications Audio www.ti.com/audio Automotive and Transportation www.ti.com/automotive Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers DLP® Products www.dlp.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps DSP dsp.ti.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Interface interface.ti.com Medical www.ti.com/medical Logic logic.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security Power Mgmt power.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video RFID www.ti-rfid.com OMAP Applications Processors www.ti.com/omap TI E2E Community e2e.ti.com Wireless Connectivity www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated