DAC8550 SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 16-BIT, ULTRA-LOW GLITCH, VOLTAGE OUTPUT DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION Relative Accuracy: 8 LSB (Max) Glitch Energy: 0.1 nV-s Settling Time: 10 µs to ±0.003% FSR Power Supply: +2.7 V to +5.5 V 16-Bit Monotonic Over Temperature MicroPower Operation: 200 µA at 5 V Rail-to-Rail Output Amplifier Power-On Reset to Midscale Power-Down Capability Schmitt-Triggered Digital Inputs SYNC Interrupt Facility 2's Complement Input and Reset to Midscale Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to 105°C Available Packages: – 3 mm × 5 mm MSOP-8 APPLICATIONS • • • • • • Process Control Data Acquisition Systems Closed-Loop Servo-Control PC Peripherals Portable Instrumentation Programmable Attenuation The DAC8550 is a small, low-power, voltage output, 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC). It is monotonic, provides good linearity, and minimizes undesired code to code transient voltages. The DAC8550 uses a versatile 3-wire serial interface that operates at clock rates of up to 30 MHz and is compatible with standard SPI™, QSPI™, Microwire™, and digital signal processor (DSP) interfaces. The DAC8550 requires an external reference voltage to set its output range. The DAC8550 incorporates a power-on reset circuit that ensures that the DAC output powers up at midscale and remain there until a valid write takes place to the device. The DAC8550 contains a power-down feature, accessed over the serial interface, that reduces the current consumption of the device to 200 nA at 5 V. The low-power consumption of this device in normal operation makes it ideal for portable battery-operated equipment. Power consumption is 1 mW at 5 V, reducing to 1 µW in power-down mode. The DAC8550 is available in a MSOP-8 package. Also see the DAC8551 binary coded counterpart of the DAC8550. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM V DD V FB V REF Ref (+) V OUT 16−Bit DAC 16 DAC Register 16 SYNC SCLK D IN Shift Register Resistor Networ k PWB Control GND Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. SPI, QSPI are trademarks of Motorola. Microwire is a trademark of National Semiconductor. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2006, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. PACKAGING/ORDERING INFORMATION PRODUCT RELATIVE ACCURACY (LSB) DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY (LSB) PACKAGE LEAD PACKAGE DESIGNATOR (1) SPECIFICATION TEMPERATURE RANGE PACKAGE MARKING DAC8550 ±12 ±1 MSOP-8 DGK –40°C TO 105°C D80 DAC8550B (1) ±8 ±1 MSOP-8 DGK –40°C TO 105°C TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY ORDERING NUMBER DAC8550IDGKT Tape and Reel, 250 DAC8550IDGKR Tape and Reel, 2500 DAC8550IBDGKT Tape and Reel, 250 DAC8550IBDGKR Tape and Reel, 2500 D80 For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document or see the TI website at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) UNIT Supply voltage, VDD to GND –0.3 V to 6 V Digital input voltage range, VI to GND –0.3 V to +VDD + 0.3 V Output voltage, VOUT to GND –0.3 V to +VDD + 0.3 V Operating free-air temperature range, TA –40°C to 105°C Storage temperature range, TSTG –65°C to 150°C Junction temperature range, TJ(max) 150°C Power dissipation (DGK package) (TJmax – TA)/θJA Thermal impedance, θJA 206°C/W Thermal impedance, θJC 44°C/W (1) Stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V,– 40°C to 105°C range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT DAC8550 ±5 ±12 LSB DAC8550B ±3 ±8 LSB ±1 LSB STATIC PERFORMANCE (1) Resolution 16 Bits EL Relative accuracy Measured by line passing through codes -32283 and 32063 ED Differential nonlinearity 16-bit Monotonic ±0.25 EO Zero-code error ±2 ±12 mV EFS Full-scale error Measured by line passing through codes -32283 and 32063. ±0.05 ±0.5 % of FSR EG Gain error ±0.02 ±0.2 % of FSR Zero-code error drift ±5 µV/°C Gain temperature coefficient ±1 ppm of FSR/°C PSRR Power supply rejection ratio OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (2) VO Output voltage range (1) (2) 2 RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 200 pF 0.75 0 Linearity calculated using a reduced code range of -32283 to 32063; output unloaded. Specified by design and characterization, not production tested. Submit Documentation Feedback mV/V VREF V DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V,– 40°C to 105°C range (unless otherwise noted) tsd PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Output voltage settling time To ±0.003% FSR, 1200H to 8D00H, RL = 2 kΩ, 0 pF < CL < 200 pF MIN RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 500 pF SR Slew rate Capacitive load stability zo RL = ∞ RL = 2 kΩ TYP MAX 8 10 µs 1.8 V/µs 470 pF 1000 pF 1 LSB change around major carry 0.1 Digital feedthrough SCLK toggling, FSYNC high 0.1 DC output impedance At mid-code input Short-circuit current ton Power-up time µs 12 Code change glitch impulse IOS UNIT nV-s Ω 1 VDD = 5 V 50 VDD = 3 V 20 Coming out of power-down mode VDD = 5 V 2.5 Coming out of power-down mode VDD = 3 V 5 mA µs AC PERFORMANCE SNR Signal-to-noise ratio (1st 19 harmonics removed) 95 THD Total harmonic distortion SFDR Spurious-free dynamic range 87 SINAD Signal-to-noise and distortion 84 85 BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz dB REFERENCE INPUT Vref Reference voltage II(ref) Reference current input range zI(ref) Reference input impedance LOGIC INPUTS VDD V VREF = VDD = 5 V 0 50 75 µA VREF = VDD = 3.6 V 30 45 µA 125 kΩ (3) Input current VIL Low-level input voltage VIH High-level input voltage ±1 µA VDD = 5 V 0.8 VDD = 3 V 0.6 VDD = 5 V 2.4 VDD = 3 V 2.1 V V Pin capacitance 3 pF 5.5 V POWER REQUIREMENTS VDD 2.7 IDD (normal mode) VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V Input code equals mid-scale, reference current included, no load VIH = VDD and VIL = GND 200 250 180 240 0.2 2 0.05 2 µA IDD (all power-down modes) VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V VIH = VDD and VIL = GND VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V µA POWER EFFICIENCY IOUT/IDD ILOAD = 2 mA, VDD = 5 V 89% TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified performance (3) –40 105 °C Specified by design and characterization, not production tested. Submit Documentation Feedback 3 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 PIN CONFIGURATION MSOP-8 (Top View) VDD 1 VREF 2 VFB 3 VOUT 4 8 GND 7 DIN 6 SCLK 5 SYNC DAC8550 PIN DESCRIPTIONS 4 PIN NAME 1 VDD Power supply input, 2.7 V to 5.5 V. DESCRIPTION 2 VREF Reference voltage input. 3 VFB Feedback connection for the output amplifier. 4 VOUT Analog output voltage from DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. 5 SYNC Level-triggered control input (active LOW). This is the frame synchronization signal for the input data. When SYNC goes LOW, it enables the input shift register and data is transferred in on the falling edges of the following clocks. The DAC is updated following the 24th clock (unless SYNC is taken HIGH before this edge in which case the rising edge of SYNC acts as an interrupt and the write sequence is ignored by the DAC8550). 6 SCLK Serial clock input. Data can be transferred at rates up to 30 MHz. 7 DIN 8 GND Serial data input. Data is clocked into the 24-bit input shift register on each falling edge of the serial clock input. Ground reference point for all circuitry on the part. Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TIMING REQUIREMENTS (1) (2) VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, all specifications –40°C to 105°C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS t c (3) SCLK cycle time t1 SCLK HIGH time t2 SCLK LOW time t su1 SYNC to SCLK rising edge setup time t su2 Data setup time th Data hold time tf SCLK falling edge to SYNC rising edge t3 Minimum SYNC HIGH time (1) (2) (3) MIN VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 20 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 20 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 13 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 13 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 22.5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 13 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 0 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 5 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 4.5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 4.5 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 0 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 50 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 33 TYP MAX UNIT ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 3 ns (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. See Serial Write Operation timing diagram. Maximum SCLK frequency is 30 MHz at VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V and 20 MHz at VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V. SERIAL WRITE OPERATION tc SCLK t3 t su1 t1 t2 tf SYNC th t su2 D IN DB23 DB0 Submit Documentation Feedback 5 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (-40°C) LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (25°C) 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 6 4 2 0 −2 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V LE − (LSB) LE − (LSB) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) 1 DLE − (LSB) VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V 0.5 0 −0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 LE − (LSB) Figure 1. Figure 2. LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (105°C) ZERO-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE 6 4 2 0 −2 10 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V 5 Error (mV) −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Digital Input Code 0.5 0 0 −0.5 −5 −1 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 −40 0 Digital Input Code 40 80 120 Temperature − C Figure 3. Figure 4. FULL-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE IDD HISTOGRAM 0 1000 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V VDD = VREF = 5.5 V, Reference Current Included f − Frequency − Hz Error (mV) 800 −5 600 400 200 −10 0 −40 0 40 80 120 120 160 180 200 220 240 IDD − Supply Current − A Temperature − C Figure 5. 6 140 Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback 260 280 300 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. SOURCE AND SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY SUPPLY CURRENT vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE 300 6 VDD = 5.5 V VDD = VREF = 5.5 V DAC Loaded With FFFFH I DD − Supply Current − µ A V OUT − Output Voltage − V 5 4 3 VREF = VDD −10 mV 2 1 250 200 Reference Current Included 150 100 50 DAC Loaded With 0000H 0 0 0 3 5 8 0 10 8192 16384 24576 I(SOURCE/SINK) − mA Digital Input Code Figure 7. Figure 8. POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 250 300 VDD = VREF = 5.5 V I DD − Supply Current − µ A 200 Quiescent Current −µ A 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 150 Reference Current Included 100 50 280 VREF = VDD 260 Reference Current Include, No Load 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 0 −40 −10 20 50 80 100 2.7 110 3.1 3.4 Temperature − C 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.5 VDD − Supply Voltage − V Figure 9. Figure 10. POWER-DOWN CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs LOGIC INPUT VOLTAGE 1 I DD − Supply Current − µ A − Supply Current −µ A 0.5 0.3 I DD 0.8 0 2.7 TA = 25°C, SCL Input (All Other Inputs = GND) VDD = VREF = 5.5 V 1700 VREF = VDD 1300 900 500 100 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 V(LOGIC) − V VDD − Supply Voltage − V Figure 11. Figure 12. Submit Documentation Feedback 7 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V RISING EDGE FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 5 V/div Trigger Pulse 5 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: 0000 To Code: FFFF Rising Edge 1 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: FFFF To Code: 0000 Falling Edge 1 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Time (2 µs/div) Figure 13. Figure 14. HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V RISING EDGE HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 5 V/div Trigger Pulse 5 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: CFFF To Code: 4000 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: 4000 To Code: CFFF Rising Edge 1 V/div Falling Edge 1 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Time (2 µs/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 1-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 1-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 7FFF To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s VOUT(500 V/div) Figure 16. VOUT (500 V/div) Figure 15. VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 7FFF Glitch: 0.16 nV-s Measured Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 17. 8 Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Figure 18. Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 16-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8010 To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s VOUT (500 V/div) VOUT(500 V/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 16-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 8010 Glitch: 0.04 nV-s Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 19. Figure 20. GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 256-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 256-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 21. Figure 22. TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 98 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.9 V −50 SNR − Signal-to-Noise Ratio − dB THD − Total Harmonic Distortion − dB −40 −1dB FSR Digital Input, Fs = 1 MSPS Measurement Bandwidth = 20 kHz −60 −70 THD 2nd Harmonic −80 3rd Harmonic −90 −100 VDD = 5 V, VREF= 4.096 V From Code: 80FF To Code: 8000 Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case VOUT(5 mV/div) VOUT(5 mV/div) VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 80FF Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case VDD = VREF = 5 V 96 −1 dB FSR Digital Input, Fs = 1 MSPS Measurement Bandwidth = 20 kHz 94 92 90 88 86 84 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 Output Tone − kHz Figure 23. 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 f − Output Frequency − kHz 4 4.5 5 Figure 24. Submit Documentation Feedback 9 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY OUTPUT NOISE DENSITY 350 VDD = 5 V VREF = 4.096 Code = 7FFF No Load −10 V n − Voltage Noise − nV/ Gain − dB −30 Hz VDD = 5.0 V, VREF = 4.096 V fOUT = 1 kHz fCLK = 1 MSPS −50 −70 −90 −110 −130 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 300 250 200 150 100 100 Figure 25. 10 1000 10000 f − Frequency − Hz f − Frequency − Hz Figure 26. Submit Documentation Feedback 100000 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (-40°C) 6 4 2 0 −2 1 1 0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −4 −6 0 −0.5 −1 −1 0 8192 49152 57344 65536 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Figure 27. Figure 28. LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (105°C) ZERO-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE 6 4 LE − (LSB) 16384 24576 32768 40960 Digital Input Code 10 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V 2 0 −2 5 Error (mV) −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V LE − (LSB) VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V DLE − (LSB) DLE − (LSB) LE − (LSB) 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (25°C) 0.5 0 0 −0.5 −1 0 8192 16384 −5 −40 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 0 40 80 120 Digital Input Code Temperature − C Figure 29. Figure 30. FULL-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE IDD HISTOGRAM 5 1500 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V Reference Current Included VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V f − Frequency − Hz 1200 Error (mV) 0 −5 900 600 300 −10 −40 0 0 40 80 120 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 IDD − Supply Current − A Temperature − C Figure 31. Figure 32. Submit Documentation Feedback 11 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. SOURCE AND SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY SUPPLY CURRENT vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE 3 180 VDD = 2.7 V 2 1.5 VREF = VDD − 10 mV 1 0.5 140 120 Reference Current Included 100 0 3 80 60 40 20 DAC Loaded With 0000H 0 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V 160 DAC Loaded With FFFFH I DD − Supply Current − µ A V OUT − Output Voltage − V 2.5 5 8 0 10 0 8192 16384 I(SOURCE/SINK) − mA 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Figure 33. Figure 34. POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs LOGIC INPUT VOLTAGE 250 TA = 25°C, SCL Input (All Other Inputs = GND) I DD − Supply Current − µ A VDD = VREF = 2.7 V Quiescent Current −µ A 200 150 Reference Current Included 100 50 0 −40 −10 20 50 80 110 700 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V 500 300 100 0 0.5 1 1.5 2.5 Temperature − C Figure 35. Figure 36. FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V RISING EDGE FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: FFFF To Code: 0000 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: 0000 To Code: FFFF Rising Edge 0.5 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Falling Edge 0.5 V/div Time (2 µs/div) Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Figure 37. 12 2 V(LOGIC) − V Figure 38. Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V RISING EDGE HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: CFFF To Code: 4000 VDD = 2.7 V VREF = 2.5 V From code; 4000 To code: CFFF Rising Edge 0.5 V/div Falling Edge 0.5 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV / div Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Time − 2 s/div GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 1-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 1-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 7FFF To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s VOUT(200 V/div) Figure 40. VOUT(200 V/div) Figure 39. VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 7FFF Glitch: 0.16 nV-s Measured Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 16-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 16-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 8010 Glitch: 0.04 nV-s VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8010 To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.12 nV-s V/div) VOUT (200 uV/div) Figure 42. VOUT(200 uV/div) Figure 41. Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 43. Figure 44. Submit Documentation Feedback 13 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Unsigned binary equivalent inputs are shown in all figures. AVDD = 2.7 V, Vref = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 80FF Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 256-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VOUT (5 mV/div) VOUT(5 mV/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 256-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 45. 14 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 80FF To Code: 8000 Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case Figure 46. Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 THEORY OF OPERATION DAC SECTION R The architecture consists of a string DAC followed by an output buffer amplifier. Figure 47 shows the block diagram of the DAC architecture. Ω Ω R VFB 62 Ω To Output Amplifier R GND Figure 47. DAC8550 Architecture The input coding to the DAC8550 is 2's complement, so the ideal output voltage is given by: V V D V REF REF OUT 2 65536 (1) R where D = decimal equivalent of the 2's complement code that is loaded to the DAC register; D ranges from -32768 to +32767 where D = 0 is centered at VREF/2. R RESISTOR STRING The resistor string section is shown in Figure 48. It is simply a string of resistors, each of value R. The code loaded into the DAC register determines at which node on the string the voltage is tapped off to be fed into the output amplifier by closing one of the switches connecting the string to the amplifier. Monotonicity is ensured due to the string resistor architecture. OUTPUT AMPLIFIER The output buffer amplifier is capable of generating rail-to-rail output voltages with a range of 0 V to VDD. It is capable of driving a load of 2 Ωk in parallel with 1000 pF to GND. The source and sink capabilities of the output amplifier can be seen in the typical curves. The slewrate is 1.8 V/µs with a full-scale setting time of 8 µs with the output unloaded. The inverting input of the output amplifier is brought out to the VFB pin. This allows for better accuracy in critical applications by tying the VFB point and the amplifier output together directly at the load. Other signal conditioning circuitry may also be connected between these points for specific applications. Figure 48. Resistor String SERIAL INTERFACE The DAC8550 has a 3-wire serial interface ( SYNC, SCLK, and DIN), which is compatible with SPI™, QSPI™, and Microwire™ interface standards, as well as most DSP interfaces. See the Serial Write Operation timing diagram for an example of a typical write sequence. The write sequence begins by bringing the SYNC line LOW. Data from the DIN line is clocked into the 24-bit shift register on each falling edge of SCLK. The serial clock frequency can be as high as 30 MHz, making the DAC8550 compatible with high-speed DSPs. On the 24th falling edge of the serial clock, the last data bit is clocked in and the programmed function is excuted (i.e., a change in DAC register contents and/or a change in the mode of operation). At this point, the SYNC line may be kept LOW or brought HIGH. In either case, it must be brought HIGH for a minimum of 33 ns before the next write sequence so that a falling edge of SYNC can initiate the next write sequence. Since the SYNC buffer draws more current when the SYNC signal is HIGH Submit Documentation Feedback 15 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 than it does when it is LOW, SYNC should be idled LOW between write sequences for lowest power operation of the part. As mentioned above, it must be brought HIGH again just before the next write sequence. INPUT SHIFT REGISTER The input shift register is 24 bits wide, as shown in Figure 49. The first six bits are don't care bits. The next two bits (PD1 andPD0) are control bits that control which mode of operation the part is in (normal mode or any one of three power-down modes). For a more complete description of the various modes see the Power-Down Modes section. The next 16 bits are the data bits. These are transferred to the DAC register on the 24th falling edge of SCLK. SYNC INTERRUPT In a normal write sequence, the SYNC line is kept LOW for at least 24 falling edges of SCLK and the DAC is updated on the 24th falling edge. However, if SYNC is brought HIGH before the 24th falling edge, it acts as an interrupt to the write sequence. The shift register is reset and the write sequence is seen as invalid. Neither an update of the DAC register contents nor a change in the operating mode occurs, as shown in Figure 50. POWER-ON RESET The DAC8550 contains a power-on reset circuit that controls the output voltage during power-up. On power-up, the output voltages are set to midscale; it remains there until a valid write sequence is made to the DAC. This is useful in applications where it is important to know the state of the output of the DAC while it is in the process of powering up. DB23 X DB0 X X X X X PD1 PD0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Figure 49. DAC8550 Data Input Register Format 24th Falling Edge 24th Falling Edge CLK SYNC DIN DB23 DB80 DB23 DB80 Valid Write Sequence: Output Updates on the 24th Falling Edge Figure 50. SYNC Interrupt Facility POWER-DOWN MODES The DAC8550 supports four seperate modes of operation. These modes are programmable by setting two bits (PD1 and PD0) in control register. Table 1 shows how the state of the bits corresponds to the mode of operation of the device. Table 1. Modes of Operation for the DAC8550 PD1 (DB17) PD0 (DB16) OPERATING MODE 0 0 Normal operation -- -- Power-down modes 0 1 Output typically 1 kΩ to GND 1 0 Output typically 100 kΩ to GND 1 1 High-Z at 5 V. However, for the three power-down modes, the supply current falls to 200 nA at 5 V (50 nA at 3 V). Not only does the supply current fall, but the output stage is also internally switched from the output of the amplifier to a resistor network of known values. The advantage with this is that the output impedance of the device is known while in power-down mode. There are three different options. The output is connected internally to GND through a 1-kΩ resistor, a 100-kΩ resistor, or it is left open-circuited (High-Z). The output stage is illustrated in Figure 51. All analog circuitry is shut down when the power-down mode is activated. However, the contents of the DAC register are unaffected when in power-down. The time to exit power-down is typically 2.5 µs for VDD = 5 V, and 5 µs for VDD = 3 V. See the Typical Characteristics for more information. When both bits are set to 0, the device works normally with a typical current consumption of 200 µA 16 Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 DAC8550 to Microwire Interface VFB VOUT Amplifier Resistor String DAC Power−Down Circuitry Resistor Network Figure 53 shows an interface between the DAC8550 and any Microwire compatible device. Serial data is shifted out on the falling edge of the serial clock and is clocked into the DAC8550 on the rising edge of the SK signal. MicrowireTM Figure 51. Output Stage During Power-Down DAC8550(1) CS SYNC SK SCLK SO DIN NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING Figure 53. DAC8550 to Microwire Interface DAC8550 TO 8051 Interface See Figure 52 for a serial interface between the DAC8550 and a typical 8051-type microcontroller. The setup for the interface is as follows: TXD of the 8051 drives SCLK of the DAC8550, while RXD drives the serial data line of the device. The SYNC signal is derived from a bit-programmable pin on the port of the 8051. In this case, port line P3.3 is used. When data is to be transmitted to the DAC8550, P3.3 is taken LOW. The 8051 transmits data in 8-bit bytes; thus only eight falling clock edges occur in the transmit cycle. To load data to the DAC, P3.3 is left LOW after the first eight bits are transmitted, then a second write cycle is initiated to transmit the second byte of data. P3.3 is taken HIGH following the completion of the third write cycle. The 8051 outputs the serial data in a format which has the LSB first. The DAC8550 requires its data with the MSB as the first bit received. The 8051 transmit routine must therefore take this into account, and mirror the data as needed. 80C51/80L51(1) DAC8550 (1) P3.3 SYNC TXD SCLK RXD DIN NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. Figure 52. DAC8550 to 80C51/80L51 Interface DAC8550 to 68HC11 Interface Figure 54 shows a serial interface between the DAC8550 and the 68HC11 microcontroller. SCK of the 68HC11 drives the SCLK of the DAC8550, while the MOSI output drives the serial data line of the DAC. The SYNC signal is derived from a port line (PC7), similar to the 8051 diagram. 68HC11(1) DAC8550 (1) PC7 SYNC SCK SCLK MOSI DIN NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. Figure 54. DAC8550 to 68HC11 Interface The 68HC11 should be configured so that its CPOL bit is 0 and its CPHA bit is 1. This configuration causes data appearing on the MOSI output to be valid on the falling edge of SCK. When data is being transmitted to the DAC, the SYNC line is held LOW (PC7). Serial data from the 68HC11 is transmitted in 8-bit bytes with only eight falling clock edges occurring in the transmit cycle. (Data is transmitted MSB first.) In order to load data to the DAC8550, PC7 is left LOW after the first eight bits are transferred, then a second and third serial write operation is performed to the DAC. PC7 is taken HIGH at the end of this procedure. Submit Documentation Feedback 17 DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 APPLICATION INFORMATION V REF V D REF 65536 2 R1 R2 V REF R2 R1 R1 USING THE REF02 AS A POWER SUPPLY FOR THE DAC8550 V Due to the extremely low supply current required by the DAC8550, an alternative option is to use a REF02 +5 V precision voltage reference to supply the required voltage to the device, as shown in Figure 55. where D represents the input code in 2's complement (-32768 to +32767). +15 O With VREF = 5 V, R1 = R2 = 10 kΩ. V 10 D O 65536 (4) This is an output voltage range of ±5 V with 8000H corresponding to a –5 V output and 8FFFH corresponding to a 5 V output. Similarly, using VREF = 2.5 V a ±2.5 V output voltage range can be achieved. +5V REF02 285 mA LAYOUT SYNC Three-Wire Serial Interface VOUT = 0 V to 5 V SCLK DAC8550 DIN Figure 55. REF02 as a Power Supply to the DAC8550 This is especially useful if the power supply is quite noisy or if the system supply voltages are at some value other than 5 V. The REF02 outputs a steady supply voltage for the DAC8550. If the REF02 is used, the current it needs to supply to the DAC8550 is 250 µA. This is with no load on the output of the DAC. When a DAC output is loaded, the REF02 also needs to supply the current to the load. The total typical current required (with a 5 kΩ load on the DAC output) is: 200 A 5 V 1.2 mA 5 k (2) The load regulation of the REF02 is typically 0.005%/mA, which results in an error of 299 µV for the 1.2 mA current drawn from it. This corresponds to a 8.9 LSB error. BIPOLAR OPERATION USING THE DAC8550 The DAC8550 has been designed for single-supply operation, but a bipolar output range is also possible using the circuit in Figure 56. The circuit shown gives an output voltage range of ±VREF. Rail-to-rail operation at the amplifier output is achievable using an OPA703 as the output amplifier. The output voltage for any input code can be calculated as follows: 18 A precision analog component requires careful layout, adequate bypassing, and clean, well-regulated power supplies. The DAC8550 offers single-supply operation and is used often in close proximity with digital logic, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and digital signal processors. The more digital logic present in the design and the higher the switching speed the more difficult it is to keep digital noise from appearing at the output. Due to the single ground pin of the DAC8550 all return currents, including digital and analog return currents for the DAC, must flow through a single point. Ideally, GND would be connected directly to an analog ground plane. This plane would be separate from the ground connection for the digital components until they were connected at the power-entry point of the system. The power applied to VDD should be well regulated and have low noise. Switching power supplies and DC/DC converters often has high-frequency glitches or spikes riding on the output voltage. In addition, digital components can create similar high-frequency spikes as their internal logic switches states. This noise can easily couple into the DAC output voltage through various paths between the power connections and analog output. As with the GND connection, VDD should be connected to a 5 V power-supply plane or trace that is separate from the connection for digital logic until they are connected at the power-entry point. In addition, a 1 µF to 10 µF capacitor and 0.1 µF bypass capacitor are strongly recommended. In some situations, additional bypassing may be required, such as a 100 µF electrolytic capacitor or even a Pi filter made up of inductors and capacitors, all designed to essentially low-pass filter the 5 V supply, removing the high-frequency noise. Submit Documentation Feedback DAC8550 www.ti.com SLAS476C – MARCH 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2006 R2 10 kW VREF +5 V R1 10 kW OPA703 VFB VREF 10 mF DAC8550 5V VOUT 0.1 mF ±5 V Three-Wire Serial Interface Figure 56. Bipolar Output Range Submit Documentation Feedback 19 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 3-Apr-2006 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty DAC8550IBDGKR ACTIVE MSOP DGK 8 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI DAC8550IBDGKT ACTIVE MSOP DGK 8 250 TBD Call TI Call TI DAC8550IDGKR ACTIVE MSOP DGK 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM DAC8550IDGKT ACTIVE MSOP DGK 8 250 CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. 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