HOLTEK HT16512_05

HT16512
1/4 to 1/11 Duty VFD Controller
Features
· Logic voltage: 5V
· 4-bit general purpose input port
· High-voltage output: VDD-35V max.
· No external resistors necessary for driver output
(provides PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor
output)
· Multiple display (11-segment & 11-digit to 16-segment
& 6-digit)
· Serial interface with MCU (CLK, CS, DI, DO)
· 6´4 matrix key scanning
· 44-pin QFP package
· 8 steps dimmer circuit
· 4 LED output ports
Applications
· Consumer products panel function control
· Other similar application panel function control
· Industrial measuring instrument panel function control
General Description
Serial data inputs to the HT16512 through a three-line
serial interface. This VFD controller/driver is ideal as a
peripheral device for an MCU.
HT16512 is a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display) controller/driver that is driven on a 1/4 to 1/11 duty factor. It
consists of 11 segment output lines, 6 grid output lines, 5
segment/grid output drive lines, 4 LED output ports, a
control circuit, a display memory, and a key scan circuit.
Block Diagram
C o m m a n d D e c o d e r
D I
D O
C L K
S e r ia l I/F
C S
O S C
6
D is p la y R A M
1 6 - B it ´ 1 1 W o r d s
O S C
1 1
T im in g G e n e r a to r
K e y S c a n
K 0 ~ K 3
4 - B it
L a tc h
(4 ´ 6 )
D a ta
S e le c to r
S 0 /K 0 ~
S 5 /K 5
S e g m e n t
D r iv e r
5
S 6 ~ S 1 0
5
M u ltip le x e d
D r iv e r
5
G r id
D r iv e r
6
S 1 1 /G 1 0 ~
S 1 5 /G 6
5
1 1 - B it
S h ift R e g is te r
4 - B it L a tc h
1 1
6
G 0 ~ G 5
D im m in g C ir c u it
L E D 0 ~ L E D 3
Rev. 1.40
1 6
5
K e y D a ta R A M
S W 0 ~ S W 3
1 6 - B it
O u tp u t L a tc h
V D D
1
V S S
V E E
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Pin Assignment
L
L
L
L
G
G
G
G
V D
E D
E D
E D
E D
V S
O S
D
C
S
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
S W 0
S W 1
S W 2
S W 3
D O
D I
V S S
C L K
C S
K 0
K 1
4 4 4 3 4 2 4 1 4 0 3 9 3 8 3 7 3 6 3 5 3 4
1
3 3
2
3 2
3
3 1
4
3 0
5
H T 1 6 5 1 2
4 4 Q F P -A
6
7
2 9
2 8
2 7
8
2 6
9
2 5
1 0
2 4
2 3
1 1
1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2
G 4
G 5
S 1
S 1
S 1
S 1
V E
S 1
S 1
S 9
S 8
5 /G
4 /G
3 /G
2 /G
E
1 /G
0
6
7
8
9
1 0
S 7
S 6
S 5
S 4
S 3
S 2
S 1
S 0
V D
K 3
K 2
/K
/K
/K
/K
/K
/K
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
Pin Description
Pin No.
Pin Name
I/O
Description
1~4
SW0~SW3
I
4-bit general purpose input port
Whether these pins are used or not, they should be connected to VDD
or VSS.
5
DO
O
Output serial data at the falling edge of the shift clock, starting from low
order bit. This is an NMOS open-drain output pin.
6
DI
I
Input serial data at the rising edge of the shift clock, starting from the
low order bit.
7, 43
VSS
¾
8
CLK
I
Reads serial data at the rising edge, and outputs data at the falling
edge.
Negative power supply, ground
Both of the VSS (pin 7 and pin 43) should be connected to ground.
9
CS
I
Initializes serial interface at the rising or falling edge of the HT16512.
Then it waits to receive a command. Data input after CS has fallen is
processed as a command. While command data is processed, current
processing is stopped, and the serial interface is initialized. While CS
is high, CLK is ignored.
10~13
K0~K3
I
Keying data input to these pins is latched at the end of the display cycle.
14, 38
VDD
¾
Posistive power supply
15~20
S0/K0~S5/K5
O
Segment or key source output pins (dual function). This is PMOS
open-drain and pull-low resistor output.
21~25
S6~S10
O
Segment driver output pins (segment only). This is PMOS open-drain
and pull-low resistor output.
26, 28~31
S11/G10~S15/G6
O
Segment or Grid driver output pins. These pins are selectable for segment or grid driving. This is PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor
output.
27
VEE
¾
VFD power supply
37~32
G0~G5
O
Grid driver output pins (Grid only). This is PMOS open-drain and
pull-low resistor output.
42~39
LED0~LED3
O
LED driver output ports. This is a CMOS output pin.
44
OSC
I
Connected to an external resistor or an RC oscillator circuit.
Rev. 1.40
2
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Approximate Internal Connections
N M O S O U T
P M O S O U T
V
D D
V
E E
C M O S O U T
V
D D
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+5.5V
Operating Temperature...........................-25°C to 75°C
Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V
Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may
cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those
listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
D.C. Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
VDD
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VDD
Logic Supply Voltage
¾
¾
4.5
5
5.5
V
VEE
VFD Supply Voltage
¾
¾
0
¾
VDD-35
V
fOSC
Oscillation Frequency
5V
ROSC=51kW
350
500
650
kHz
RPL
Output Pull-low Resistor
5V
Driver output
50
100
150
kW
IDD
Operating Current
5V
No load, VFD display off
¾
¾
5
mA
IOL
Driver Leakage Current
5V
VO=VDD-35V, VFD driver
off
¾
¾
-10
mA
IOL1
LED Sink Current
5V
VOL=1V, LED0~LED3
20
¾
¾
mA
-1
¾
¾
mA
IOH1
LED Source Current
5V
VOH=0.9VDD
LED0~LED3
IOH21
Segment/Key Source Current
5V
VOH=VDD-2V
S0/K0~S5/K5, S6~S10
-3
¾
¾
mA
IOH22
Segment/Grid Source Current
5V
VOH=VDD-2V
G0~G5, S11/G10~S15/G6
-15
¾
¾
mA
IOL3
DO Sink Current
5V
VOL=0.4V
4
¾
¾
mA
VIH
²H² Input Voltage
¾
¾
0.7VDD
¾
VDD
V
VIL
²L² Input Voltage
¾
¾
0
¾
0.3VDD
V
VOH1
High-level Output Voltage
5V
LED0~LED3, IOH1=-1mA
0.9VDD
¾
VDD
V
VOL1
Low-level Output Voltage
5V
LED0~LED3, IOL1=20mA
0
¾
1
V
VOL2
Low-level Output Voltage
5V
DO, IOL2=4mA
0
¾
0.4
V
Rev. 1.40
3
May 3, 2005
HT16512
A.C. Characteristics
Symbol
tPHL
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
¾
¾
100
ns
5V
CLK®DO
CL=15pF, RL=10kW
¾
¾
300
ns
5V
CL=300pF, S0~S10
¾
¾
2
ms
5V
CL=300pF, G0~G5,
S11/G10~S15/G6
¾
¾
0.5
ms
VDD
5V
Propagation Delay Time
tPLH
tr1
Rise Time
tr2
Conditions
tf
Fall Time
5V
CL=300pF, Sn, Gn
¾
¾
120
ms
tmax
Maximum Clock Frequency
5V
Duty=50%
1
¾
¾
MHz
Ci
Input Capacitance
5V
¾
¾
¾
15
pF
tCW
Clock Pulse Width
5V
¾
400
¾
¾
ns
tSW
Strobe Pulse Width
5V
¾
1
¾
¾
us
tSU
Data Setup Time
5V
¾
100
¾
¾
ns
th
Data Hold Time
5V
¾
100
¾
¾
ns
tCS
Clock-Strobe Time
5V
CLK rising edge to CS rising edge
1
¾
¾
ms
tW
Wait Time
5V
CLK rising edge to CLK falling edge
1
¾
¾
ms
Functional Description
The 16 uniform sections available form 8 steps dimmer
via 3-bit binary code. The 8-step dimmer includes 1/16,
2/16, 4/16, 10/16, 11/16, 12/16, 13/16 and 14/16. The
1/16 pulse width indicates minimum lightness. The
14/16 pulse width represents maximum lightness. (Refer to the display control command).
Display RAM and Display Mode
The static display RAM is organized into 22´8 bits and
stores the data transmitted from an external device to
the HT16512 through a serial interface. The contents of
the RAM are directly mapped to the contents of the VFD
driver. Data in the RAM can be accessed through the
data setting, address setting and display control commands. It is assigned addresses in 8-bit unit as follows:
S 0
~
S 3
A d d re s s : 0 0
0 2
0 4
0 6
0 8
0 A
0 C
0 E
1 0
1 2
1 4
S 4
~
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
S 7 S 8
~
S 1 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
3
5
7
9
B
D
F
1
3
5
S 1 2
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
~
Key Matrix and Key-Input Data Storage RAM
The key matrix scans the series key states at each level
of the key strobe signal (S0/K0~S5/K5) output of the
HT16512. The key strobe signal outputs are
time-multiplexed signals from S0/K0~S5/K5. The states
of inputs K0~K3 are sampled by strobe signal
S0/K0~S5/K5 and latched into the register.
S 1 5
D ig
D ig
D ig
D ig
it0
it1
it2
it3
D ig
D ig
D ig
D ig
D ig
D ig
D ig
it4
it5
it6
it7
it8
it9
it1 0
The key matrix is made up of a 6´4 matrix, as shown below.
S 0 /K 0
S 1 /K 1
S 2 /K 2
S 3 /K 3
S 4 /K 4
S 5 /K 5
K 0
K 1
b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7
b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7
K 2
K 3
Dimming Control
D e ta il
HT16512 provides 8-step dimmer function on display by
controlling the 3-bit binary command code. The full
pulse width of grid signal is divides into 16 uniform sections by PWM (pulse width modulation) technology.
K e y m a tr ix
Rev. 1.40
4
May 3, 2005
HT16512
· Display mode setting commands
The data of each key is stored as illustrated below, and
is read with the read command, starting from the least
significant bit.
K 0 ~ K 3
K 0 ~ K 3
S 0 /K 0
S 1 /K 1
S 2 /K 2
S 3 /K 3
S 4 /K 4
S 5 /K 5
These commands initialize the HT16512 and select
the number of segments and the number of grids
(1/4~1/11 duty, 11 segments to 16 segments).
When these commands are executed, the display is
forcibly turned off, and key scanning is also stopped.
To resume display, the display command ²ON² must
be executed. If the same mode is selected, nothing
happens.
R e a d in g fir s t
R e a d in g la s t
b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7
M S B
L S B
0
LED Port
b 2
0
The LED port belongs to the CMOS output configuration.
b 2
b 1
M S B
b 3
1
b 2
b 1
0
D a
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
D o n 't c a r e
1
2
3
0
0
b 3
b 2
b 1
g s
m e
m e
m e
m e
m e
m e
g m
g m
n ts
n ts
n ts
n ts
n ts
n ts
e n ts
e n ts
ta w
: W r
: W r
: R e
: R e
r ite
ite
ite
a d
a d
a
d a
d a
k e
S W
n d
ta
ta
y d
r e a d m o d e s e ttin g s
to d is p la y m e m o r y
to L E D p o rt
a ta
d a ta
· Address setting commands
These commands set the address of the display memory.
M S B
L S B
1
b 0
S W 0
S W 1
S W 2
S W 3
b 4
1
b 3
b 2
b 1
b 0
D o n 't c a r e
A d d re s s (0 0 H ~ 1 5 H )
If address 16H or higher is set, data is ignored until a
valid address is set.
· Display control commands
Commands
M S B
Commands set the display mode and status of the VFD
driver.
1
L S B
b 3
0
D o n 't c a r e
The first 1 byte input to the HT16512 through the DI pin
after the CS pin has fallen, is regarded as a command. If
CS is set high while commands/data are transmitted,
serial communication is initialized, and the commands/data being transmitted are not valid (however,
the commands/data previously transmitted remains
valid).
Rev. 1.40
e ttin
s e g
s e g
s e g
s e g
s e g
s e g
2 s e
1 s e
T e s t m o d e s e ttin g s
0 : N o rm a l m o d e
1 : T e s t m o d e , u s e r d o n 't u s e
L S B
0
s
1 6
1 6
1 6
1 5
1 4
1 3
, 1
, 1
A d d r e s s in c r e m e n t m o d e s e ttin g s ( d is p la y m e m o r y )
0 : In c r e m e n ts a d d r e s s a fte r d a ta h a s b e e n w r itte n
1 : F ix e s a d d r e s s
HT16512 provides an extra 4-bit general input port. The
SW data is provided with available binary code. The SW
data is read with the read command, starting from the
least significant bit. Bits 5 through 8 of the SW data are
0.
0
o d e
its ,
its ,
its ,
its ,
its ,
its ,
ig its
ig its
b 0
SW Data
M S B
y m
d ig
d ig
d ig
d ig
d ig
d ig
0 d
1 d
L S B
0
L E D
L E D
L E D
L E D
p la
: 4
: 5
: 6
: 7
: 8
: 9
: 1
: 1
These commands set the data write and data read
modes.
b 0
D o n 't c a r e
D is
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
· Data setting commands
L S B
b 3
b 0
D o n 't c a r e
Data is written to the LED port with the write command,
starting from the least port¢s least significant bit. In our
application (see application circuits), the user adopts an
internal NMOS device to a driver LED component by
connecting VDD. When a bit of this port is 0, the corresponding LED lights; when the bit is 1, the LED turns off.
The data of bits 5 through 8 are ignored.
M S B
b 1
b 2
b 1
b 0
D im
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
m
: S
: S
: S
: S
: S
: S
: S
: S
in g
e t
e t
e t
e t
e t
e t
e t
e t
q u
p u
p u
p u
p u
p u
p u
p u
p u
a
ls
ls
ls
ls
ls
ls
ls
ls
n tity
e w id
e w id
e w id
e w id
e w id
e w id
e w id
e w id
s e
th
th
th
th
th
th
th
th
ttin
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
g s
1 /1 6
2 /1 6
4 /1 6
1 0 /1
1 1 /1
1 2 /1
1 3 /1
1 4 /1
6
6
6
6
6
T u r n s o n /o ff d is p la y
0 : D is p la y o ff ( k e y s c a n c o n tin u e s )
1 : D is p la y o n
5
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Timing Diagrams
tf
tr1
( tr2 )
9 0 %
S n /G n
1 0 %
tS
W
C S
tC
tC
W
tC
W
S
C L K
tS
U
th
D I
tP
tP
H L
L H
D O
Key Scanning and Display Timing
K e y s c a n d a ta
S n /K n o u tp u t
D ig it 0
D ig it 1
D ig it 2
D ig it n
1
2
3
4
5
6
D ig it 0
G 0 o u tp u t
G 1 o u tp u t
t
t
G 2 o u tp u t
G n o u tp u t
T @ 5 0 0 m s
N o te : n = 0 ~
t= 1 /1
T : p u
O n e
Rev. 1.40
1 fra m e = T ´ (n + 1 )
5
6 T
ls e w id th o f s e g m e n t s ig n a l is d e c id e d b y o s c illa to r fr e q u e n c y
c y c le o f k e y s c a n n in g c o n s is ts o f o n e fr a m e .
6
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Serial Communication Format
· Reception (command/data write)
C S
C L K
1
D I
2
b 0
3
b 1
7
b 2
8
b 6
b 7
· Transmission (data read)
C S
1
C L K
D I
2
b 0
3
b 1
4
b 2
5
b 3
6
b 4
7
b 5
8
b 6
tW
1
2
3
4
5
6
b 7
D O
b 0
b 1
A d a ta r e a d c o m m a n d is s e t
b 2
b 3
b 4
b 5
D a ta is r e a d
D O m u s t b e s u r e to c o n n e c t a n e x te r n a l p u ll- h ig h r e s is to r to th is p in ( 1 k W
N o te : W h e n d a ta is r e a d , a w a it tim e " tW " o f 1 m s is n e c e s s a r y .
to 1 0 k W ).
· Updating display memory by incrementing address
C S
C L K
D I
C o
C o
C o
D a
C o
C o m m a n d 1
m m
m m
m m
ta 1
m m
a n
a n
a n
to
a n
d 1 : s
d 2 : s
d 3 : s
n : tra
d 4 : c
C o m m a n d 2
C o m m a n d 3
D a ta 1
D a ta n
C o m m a n d 4
e ts d is p la y m o d e
e ts d a ta
e ts a d d re s s
n s fe r s d is p la y d a ta ( 2 2 b y te s m a x .)
o n tr o ls d ip la y
· Updating specific addresses
C S
C L K
D I
C o m m a n d 1
C o m m a n d 2
D a ta
C o m m a n d 2
D a ta
C o m m a n d 1 : s e ts d a ta
C o m m a n d 2 : s e ts a d d re s s
D a ta : d is p la y d a ta
Rev. 1.40
7
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Application Circuits
R 6
R 7
R 8
R 9
D 1
D 2
D 3
D 4
D 5
D 6
S 0
S 1
S 2
S 3
V
D D
S 4
(5 V )
S 5
V D D
R
0 .1 m F
K 0
K 1
K 2
K 3
S 0 /K 0
S 1 /K 1
S 2 /K 2
S 3 /K 3
S 4 /K 4
O S C
M C U
V
D D
S 6 ~ S 1 0
C S
C L K
D I
(5 V )
S 1 1 /G 1 0 ~ S 1 5 /G 6
0 6 $ # D O
L E D 0
R 2
V
D D
5 S e g m e n ts
V F D
E f
5 G r id s /S e g m e n ts
6 G r id s
G 0 ~ G 5
V E E
R 1
Note:
S 5 /K 5
O S C
L E D 1
R 3
L E D 2
R 4
L E D 3
S W 0
S W 1
S W 2
S W 3
-3 0 V
V S S V S S
R 5
(5 V )
ROSC=51kW for oscillator resistor
R1=1~10kW for external pull-high resistor
R2~R5=750W~1.2kW
R6~R9=10kW for external pull-low resistor
D1~D6=1N4001
Ef=Filament voltage for VFD
Both of the VSS (pin 7 and pin 43) should be connected to ground.
Rev. 1.40
8
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Package Information
44-pin QFP (10´10) Outline Dimensions
H
C
D
G
2 3
3 3
I
3 4
2 2
F
A
B
E
1 2
4 4
K
=
J
1
Symbol
Rev. 1.40
1 1
Dimensions in mm
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
13
¾
13.40
B
9.90
¾
10.10
C
13
¾
13.40
D
9.90
¾
10.10
E
¾
0.80
¾
F
¾
0.30
¾
G
1.90
¾
2.20
H
¾
¾
2.70
I
¾
0.10
¾
J
0.73
¾
0.93
K
0.10
¾
0.20
a
0°
¾
7°
9
May 3, 2005
HT16512
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters)
No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Tel: 886-3-563-1999
Fax: 886-3-563-1189
http://www.holtek.com.tw
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office)
4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-2655-7070
Fax: 886-2-2655-7373
Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline)
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office)
7th Floor, Building 2, No.889, Yi Shan Rd., Shanghai, China 200233
Tel: 021-6485-5560
Fax: 021-6485-0313
http://www.holtek.com.cn
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office)
5/F, Unit A, Productivity Building, Cross of Science M 3rd Road and Gaoxin M 2nd Road, Science Park, Nanshan District,
Shenzhen, China 518057
Tel: 0755-8616-9908, 8616-9308
Fax: 0755-8616-9533
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office)
Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031
Tel: 010-6641-0030, 6641-7751, 6641-7752
Fax: 010-6641-0125
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Chengdu Sales Office)
709, Building 3, Champagne Plaza, No.97 Dongda Street, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 610016
Tel: 028-6653-6590
Fax: 028-6653-6591
Holmate Semiconductor, Inc. (North America Sales Office)
46729 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538
Tel: 510-252-9880
Fax: 510-252-9885
http://www.holmate.com
Copyright Ó 2005 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used
solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable
without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life
due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices
or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information,
please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 1.40
10
May 3, 2005