LT1498/LT1499 10MHz, 6V/µs, Dual/Quad Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Precision C-Load Op Amps U FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ DESCRIPTIO The LT ®1498/LT1499 are dual/quad, rail-to-rail input and output precision C-LoadTM op amps with a 10MHz gainbandwidth product and a 6V/µs slew rate. Rail-to-Rail Input and Output 475µV Max VOS from V + to V – Gain-Bandwidth Product: 10MHz Slew Rate: 6V/µs Low Supply Current per Amplifier: 1.7mA Input Offset Current: 65nA Max Input Bias Current: 650nA Max Open-Loop Gain: 1000V/mV Min Low Input Noise Voltage: 12nV/√Hz Typ Wide Supply Range: 2.2V to ±15V Large Output Drive Current: 30mA Stable for Capacitive Loads Up to 10,000pF Dual in 8-Pin PDIP and SO Package Quad in Narrow 14-Pin SO The LT1498/LT1499 are designed to maximize input dynamic range by delivering precision performance over the full supply voltage. Using a patented technique, both input stages of the LT1498/LT1499 are trimmed, one at the negative supply and the other at the positive supply. The resulting guaranteed common mode rejection is much better than other rail-to-rail input op amps. When used as a unity-gain buffer in front of single supply 12-bit A-to-D converters, the LT1498/LT1499 are guaranteed to add less than 1LSB of error even in single 3V supply systems. With 110dB of supply rejection, the LT1498/LT1499 maintain their performance over a supply range of 2.2V to 36V and are specified for 3V, 5V and ±15V supplies. The inputs can be driven beyond the supplies without damage or phase reversal of the output. These op amps remain stable while driving capacitive loads up to 10,000pF. U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Driving A-to-D Converters Active Filters Rail-to-Rail Buffer Amplifiers Low Voltage Signal Processing Battery-Powered Systems The LT1498 is available with the standard dual op amp configuration in 8-pin PDIP and SO packaging. The LT1499 features the standard quad op amp configuration and is available in a 14-pin plastic SO package. These devices can be used as plug-in replacements for many standard op amps to improve input/output range and precision. , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. C-Load is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. U Frequency Response TYPICAL APPLICATIO 10 VIN = 2.7VP-P V + = 3V 0 Single Supply 100kHz 4th Order Butterworth Filter –10 – 20 – 30 6.81k 11.3k VIN 100pF 5.23k – 10.2k 1/2 LT1498 + 47pF V+ 5.23k 330pF GAIN (dB) 6.81k 1000pF – 1/2 LT1498 + – 40 – 50 – 60 –70 VOUT – 80 – 90 –100 V +/2 1498 TA01 –110 100 1k 100k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 1498 TA02 14989fa 1 LT1498/LT1499 U W W W ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Total Supply Voltage (V + to V –) ............................. 36V Input Current ..................................................... ±10mA Output Short-Circuit Duration (Note 2) ........ Continuous Operating Temperature Range ............... – 40°C to 85°C Specified Temperature Range (Note 4) .... – 40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature .......................................... 150°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C W U U PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW OUT A 1 – IN A 2 8 A + IN A 3 V– 4 N8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PDIP B V+ 7 OUT B 6 – IN B 5 + IN B S8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC SO LT1498CN8 LT1498CS8 LT1498IN8 LT1498IS8 S8 PART MARKING TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 130°C/ W (N8) TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 190°C/ W (S8) 1498 1498I ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW 14 OUT D OUTA 1 – IN A 2 + IN A 3 A D V+ 4 + IN B 5 13 – IN D LT1499CS LT1499IS 12 + IN D 11 V – B C 10 + IN C – IN B 6 9 – IN C OUT B 7 8 OUT C S PACKAGE 14-LEAD PLASTIC SO TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 150°C/ W Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, VS = 5V,0V; VS = 3V,0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS VOS Input Offset Voltage VCM = V + VCM = V – MIN 150 150 475 475 µV µV ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift VCM = V – to V + 150 425 µV 200 750 µV IB Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V +, V – (Note 5) Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – 250 – 250 650 0 nA nA ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift 500 1300 nA 10 – 10 100 0 nA nA 0 – 650 VCM = V – to V + = V + (Note 5) Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM VCM = V – (Note 5) 0 – 100 IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – 5 5 65 65 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – to V + 10 130 nA Input Noise Voltage 0.1Hz to 10Hz 400 nVP-P en Input Noise Voltage Density f = 1kHz 12 nV/√Hz in Input Noise Current Density f = 1kHz 0.3 pA/√Hz CIN Input Capacitance AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain 5 VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k 600 500 3800 2000 pF V/mV V/mV 14989fa 2 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = 5V,0V; VS = 3V,0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio VS = 5V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – to V + 81 76 90 86 dB dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 5V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – to V + 75 70 91 86 dB dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = 2.2V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V 88 105 dB PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 2.2V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V 82 103 dB VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA 14 35 90 30 70 200 mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA 2.5 50 140 10 100 250 mV mV mV ISC Short-Circuit Current VS = 5V VS = 3V IS Supply Current per Amplifier GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) SR Slew Rate (Note 8) PSRR ±12.5 ±12.0 ±24 ±19 1.7 VS = 5V, AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = – 1, RL = Open MAX UNITS mA mA 2.2 mA 6.8 10.5 MHz 2.6 2.3 4.5 4.0 V/µs V/µs The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range 0°C < TA < 70°C. VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS VOS Input Offset Voltage VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 175 175 650 650 µV µV VOS TC Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 3) VCM = V + ● ● 0.5 1.5 2.5 4.0 µV/°C µV/°C ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 170 600 µV 200 900 µV 275 – 275 780 0 nA nA 550 1560 nA 15 – 15 170 0 nA nA Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 5) MIN ● IB Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● = V + (Note 5) 0 – 780 Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 5) ● ● IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 10 10 85 85 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 20 170 nA AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k ● ● 500 400 2500 2000 CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● ● 78 73 89 85 dB dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● ● 74 69 90 86 dB dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = 2.3V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V ● 86 102 dB PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 2.3V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V ● 80 102 dB PSRR 0 – 170 V/mV V/mV 14989fa 3 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range 0°C < TA < 70°C. VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA ● ● ● 17 40 110 35 80 220 mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA ● ● ● 3.5 55 160 15 120 300 mV mV mV ISC Short-Circuit Current VS = 5V VS = 3V ● ● IS Supply Current per Amplifier ● GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) ● 6.1 9 MHz SR Slew Rate (Note 8) ● ● 2.5 2.2 4.0 3.5 V/µs V/µs VS = 5V, AV = –1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = –1, RL = Open MIN ±12 ±10 ± 23 ±20 mA mA 1.9 2.6 mA The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range –40°C < TA < 85°C. VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS Input Offset Voltage VOS TC Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 3) ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VCM VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 250 250 750 750 µV µV VCM = V + ● ● 0.5 1.5 2.5 4.0 µV/°C µV/°C VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 250 650 µV 300 1500 µV 350 – 350 975 0 nA nA 700 1950 nA 30 – 30 180 0 nA nA = V+ Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 5) ● IB Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V + (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 5) ● ● IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 15 15 110 110 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 30 220 nA AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k ● ● 400 300 2500 2000 CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● ● 77 73 86 81 dB dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● ● 72 69 86 83 dB dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = 2.5V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V ● 86 100 dB 80 100 PSRR 0 – 975 0 – 180 V/mV V/mV PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = 2.5V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V ● VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA ● ● ● 18 45 110 40 80 220 mV mV mV dB VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA ● ● ● 3.5 60 170 15 120 300 mV mV mV 14989fa 4 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range – 40°C < TA < 85°C. VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS ISC VS = 5V VS = 3V Short-Circuit Current ● ● MIN TYP ±7.5 ±7.5 ±15 ±15 UNITS mA mA IS Supply Current per Amplifier ● GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) ● 5.8 8.5 MHz SR Slew Rate (Note 8) ● ● 2.2 1.9 3.6 3.2 V/µs V/µs MIN VS = 5V, AV = –1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = –1, RL = Open 2.0 MAX 2.7 mA TA = 25°C, VS = ±15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS = V+ VOS Input Offset Voltage VCM VCM = V – 200 200 800 800 µV µV ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift VCM = V – to V + 150 650 µV 250 1400 µV 250 – 250 715 0 nA nA 500 1430 nA 12 – 12 120 0 nA nA Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V +, V – (Note 5) IB Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift VCM = V – to V + 0 – 715 = V + (Note 5) Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM VCM = V – (Note 5) 0 – 120 IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – 6 6 70 70 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – to V + 12 140 nA Input Noise Voltage 0.1Hz to 10Hz 400 nVP-P en Input Noise Voltage Density f = 1kHz 12 nV/√Hz in Input Noise Current Density f = 1kHz 0.3 pA/√Hz AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k 1000 500 5200 2300 V/mV V/mV Channel Separation VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k 116 130 dB VCM = V– to V + 93 106 dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VCM = V– to V + 87 103 dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = ±5V to ±15V 89 110 dB PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = ±5V to ±15V 83 105 dB VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA 18 40 230 30 80 500 mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA 2.5 55 420 10 120 800 mV mV mV ISC Short-Circuit Current CMRR PSRR Common-Mode Rejection Ratio IS Supply Current per Amplifier GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) SR Slew Rate ±15 ±30 6.8 10.5 MHz 3.5 6 V/µs 1.8 AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ±10V Measure at VO = ±5V mA 2.5 mA 14989fa 5 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range 0°C < TA < 70°C. VS = ±15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS VOS Input Offset Voltage VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 200 200 900 900 µV µV VOS TC Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 3) VCM = V + ● ● 1.0 2.0 3.5 5.0 µV/°C µV/°C ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 200 750 µV 350 1500 µV 300 – 300 875 0 nA nA 600 1750 nA 20 – 20 180 0 nA nA Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 5) MIN ● IB Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V + (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 5) ● ● IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 15 15 90 90 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 30 180 nA AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k ● ● 900 400 5000 2000 V/mV V/mV Channel Separation VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k 0 – 875 0 – 180 ● 112 125 dB VCM = V– + 0.1V to V + ● 92 103 dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 86 103 dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = ±5V to ±15V ● 88 103 dB PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = ±5V to ±15V ● 82 103 dB VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA ● ● ● 18 45 270 40 90 520 mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 10mA ● ● ● 3.5 60 480 15 120 1000 mV mV mV ISC Short-Circuit Current ● IS Supply Current per Amplifier ● GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) ● 6.1 9 MHz SR Slew Rate ● 3.4 5.3 V/µs CMRR PSRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ±10V Measured at VO = ±5V ±12 ±28 1.9 mA 2.8 mA 14989fa 6 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the temperature range – 40°C < TA < 85°C. VS = ±15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS VOS Input Offset Voltage VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 300 300 950 950 µV µV VOS TC Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 3) VCM = V + ● ● 1.0 2.0 3.5 5.0 µV/°C µV/°C ∆VOS Input Offset Voltage Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 250 850 µV 350 1800 µV 350 – 350 1050 0 nA nA 700 2100 nA 20 – 20 200 0 nA nA Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM MIN = V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 5) ● IB Input Bias Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● ∆IB Input Bias Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V + (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 5) ● ● IOS Input Offset Current VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V ● ● 15 15 115 115 nA nA ∆IOS Input Offset Current Shift VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 30 230 nA AVOL Large-Signal Voltage Gain VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k ● ● 800 350 5000 2000 V/mV V/mV Channel Separation VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k 0 – 1050 0 – 200 ● 110 120 dB VCM = V– + 0.1V to V + ● 90 101 dB CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + ● 86 100 dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS = ±5V to ±15V ● 88 100 dB PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 5) VS = ±5V to ±15V ● 82 100 dB VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 6) No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA ● ● ● 25 50 275 50 100 520 mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 6) No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 10mA ● ● ● 3.5 65 500 15 120 1000 mV mV mV ISC Short-Circuit Current ● IS Supply Current per Amplifier ● GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 7) SR Slew Rate CMRR PSRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ±10V, Measure at VO = ±5V Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: A heat sink may be required to keep the junction temperature below the absolute maximum rating when the output is shorted indefinitely. Note 3: This parameter is not 100% tested. Note 4: The LT1498C/LT1499C are guaranteed to meet specified performance from 0°C to 70°C. The LT1498C/LT1499C are designed, characterized and expected to meet specified performance from – 40°C to 85°C but are not tested or QA sampled at these temperatures. The LT1498I/LT1499I are guaranteed to meet specified performance from –40°C to 85°C. ±10 ±18 ● 5.8 8.5 MHz ● 3 4.75 V/µs 2.0 mA 3.0 mA Note 5: Matching parameters are the difference between amplifiers A and D and between B and C on the LT1499; between the two amplifiers on the LT1498. Note 6: Output voltage swings are measured between the output and power supply rails. Note 7: VS = 3V, VS = ±15V GBW limit guaranteed by correlation to 5V tests. Note 8: VS = 3V, VS = 5V slew rate limit guaranteed by correlation to ±15V tests. 14989fa 7 LT1498/LT1499 U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VOS Distribution, VCM = 0V (PNP Stage) VOS Distribution VCM = 5V (NPN Stage) LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V 20 PERCENT OF UNITS (%) 15 10 5 25 LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 5V 15 10 5 0 – 500 –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) 1498/99 G01 SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER (mA) TA = 25°C 1.5 TA = – 55°C 1.0 0.5 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 400 1.0 0.5 100 0 –100 TA = 125°C TA = 25°C – 300 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 – 400 –2 125 –1 TA = – 55°C 0 2 3 4 5 1 COMMON MODE VOLTAGE (V) 1498/99 G05 6 1498/99 G06 Output Saturation Voltage vs Load Current (Output High) Output Saturation Voltage vs Load Current (Output Low) 1000 1000 NPN ACTIVE 100 VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 5V 0 –100 PNP ACTIVE VS = ±15V VCM = – 15V 100 10 TA = – 55°C 1498/99 G07 100 TA = 25°C TA = 125°C 10 TA = – 55°C TA = 125°C VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V – 400 – 50 – 35 – 20 – 5 10 25 40 55 70 85 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) SATURATION VOLTAGE (mV) 200 SATURATION VOLTAGE (mV) VS = ±15V VCM = 15V 300 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 200 – 200 1498/99 G04 – 300 VS = 5V, 0V 300 VS = 5V, 0V 1.5 Input Bias Current vs Temperature 500 Input Bias Current vs Common Mode Voltage VS = ±15V 0 – 50 –25 36 400 –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) 1498/99 G02 2.0 TA = 125°C – 200 0 – 500 500 Supply Current vs Temperature 2.0 4 10 1498/99 G02 Supply Current vs Supply Voltage 0 15 5 0 – 500 500 LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V TO 5V 20 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) PERCENT OF UNITS (%) 20 0 ∆VOS Shift for VCM = 0V to 5V 25 PERCENT OF UNITS (%) 25 TA = 25°C 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 10 1498/99 G08 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 10 1498/99 G09 14989fa 8 LT1498/LT1499 U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 0.1Hz to 10Hz Output Voltage Noise Minimum Supply Voltage Noise Voltage Spectrum 200 VS = ± 2.5V VCM = 0V 250 150 100 TA = 85°C 50 TA = 25°C TA = 70°C NONFUNCTIONAL TA = – 55°C NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/√Hz) 200 140 120 VCM = 2.5V PNP ACTIVE 100 80 VCM = 4V NPN ACTIVE 60 40 20 4 2 3 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 0 40 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 7 5 4 VCM = 4V NPN ACTIVE 2 VCM = 2.5V PNP ACTIVE 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 GAIN 10 – 36 0 – 72 –10 –108 – 20 –144 0.1 –180 100 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) VS = ± 2.5V POSITIVE SUPPLY 50 NEGATIVE SUPPLY 30 20 10 VS = ±15V 70 VS = ± 2.5V 60 50 40 30 20 1 20 100 18 90 – 60 16 80 – 70 14 70 PHASE MARGIN 12 60 10 50 GAIN BANDWIDTH 8 40 6 30 20 2 10 – 10 0 100 1000 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10000 1498/99 G16 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (kHz) 0 5 10000 Channel Separation vs Frequency 4 10 80 – 50 0 1 90 1498/99 G15 15 20 25 10 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 0 30 1498/99 G17 PHASE MARGIN (DEG) 60 GAIN BANDWIDTH (MHz) 70 40 100 Gain Bandwidth and Phase Margin vs Supply Voltage PSRR vs Frequency 80 110 1498/99 G14 1498/99 G13 90 108 36 20 – 30 0.01 1000 144 72 PHASE 30 120 PHASE SHIFT (DEG) 50 0 RL = 10k VS = ±1.5V VS = ±15V 60 8 1 CMRR vs Frequency 180 COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO (dB) VS = 5V, 0V 3 1498/99 G12 Gain and Phase vs Frequency 70 6 1000 1498/99 G11 Noise Current Spectrum 9 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) TIME (1s/DIV) 1498/99 G10 10 1 10 CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB) 1 CURRENT NOISE (pA/√Hz) 160 0 0 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (dB) VS = 5V, 0V 180 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200nV/DIV) CHANGE IN OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) 300 VS = ±15V VOUT = ±1VP-P RL = 2k – 80 – 90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 –150 0.01 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1000 1498/99 G18 14989fa 9 LT1498/LT1499 U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 60 VOUT = 80% OF VS AV = –1 8 SLEW RATE (V/µs) 50 OVERSHOOT (%) 10 9 VS = 5V, 0V AV = 1 RL = 1k 40 30 20 NONINVERTING 6 RISING EDGE 7 6 FALLING EDGE 5 2 0 –2 –4 INVERTING NONINVERTING –8 0 10 100 1000 10000 CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF) –10 3 100000 0 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4 1498/99 G19 VS = ±15V Warm-Up Drift vs Time VS = 5V, 0V RL = 10k 0 –5 –10 CHANGE IN OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) INPUT VOLTAGE (µV) RL = 2k 2 RL = 2k 1 0 RL = 10k –1 –2 –15 –3 – 20 0 5 –20 –15 –10 – 5 10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 15 20 –4 1 0 2 4 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise vs Peak-to-Peak Voltage 1 THD + NOISE (%) THD + NOISE (%) AV = 1 VS = ±1.5V AV = 1 VS = ±2.5V AV = –1 VS = ±2.5V 0.001 0.0001 0 1 N8 PACKAGE, VS = ±15V –30 LT1499CS, VS = ±15V 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 TIME AFTER POWER-UP (SEC) 1498/99 G24 VS = ±1.5V VIN = 2VP-P RL = 10k 0.1 AV = –1 VS = ±1.5V S8 PACKAGE, VS = ±15V –20 – 40 6 N8 PACKAGE, VS = ± 2.5V LT1499CS, VS = ± 2.5V –10 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise vs Frequency f = 1kHz RL = 10k 0.01 S8 PACKAGE, VS = ± 2.5V 0 1498/99 G23 1498/99 G22 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P) 5 1498/99 G25 3.5 10 3 10 3.0 2.5 2.0 SETTLING TIME (µs) 1498/99 G21 Open-Loop Gain 4 15 5 1.5 36 1498/99 G20 Open-Loop Gain 20 INPUT VOLTAGE (µV) INVERTING 4 –6 4 10 VS = ±15V 8 OUTPUT STEP (V) 70 Output Step vs Settling Time to 0.01% Slew Rate vs Supply Voltage Capacitive Load Handling AV = 1 0.1 AV = –1 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1498/99 G26 14989fa 10 LT1498/LT1499 U W TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 5V Small-Signal Response 1V/DIV 5mV/DIV 5V Large-Signal Response 1498/99 G27 200ns/DIV VS = 5V AV = 1 VIN = 20mVP-P AT 50kHz RL = 1k VS = 5V AV = 1 VIN = 4VP-P AT 10kHz RL = 1k ±15V Small-Signal Response 2µs/DIV 1498/99 G28 5V/DIV 5mV/DIV ±15V Large-Signal Response 1498/99 G29 VS = ±15V AV = 1 VIN = 20VP-P AT 10kHz RL = 1k 2µs/DIV 1498/99 G30 U 200ns/DIV VS = ±15V AV = 1 VIN = 20mVP-P AT 50kHz RL = 1k W U U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Rail-to-Rail Input and Output The LT1498/LT1499 are fully functional for an input and output signal range from the negative supply to the positive supply. Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic of the amplifier. The input stage consists of two differential amplifiers, a PNP stage (Q1/Q2) and an NPN stage (Q3/ Q4) which are active over different ranges of input common mode voltage. A complementary common emitter output stage (Q14/Q15) is employed allowing the output to swing from rail-to-rail. The devices are fabricated on Linear Technology’s proprietary complementary bipolar process to ensure very similar DC and AC characteristics for the output devices (Q14/Q15). The PNP differential input pair is active for input common mode voltages, VCM, between the negative supply to approximately 1.3V below the positive supply. As VCM moves further toward the positive supply, the transistor Q5 will steer the tail current, I1, to the current mirror Q6/ Q7 activating the NPN differential pair, and the PNP differential pair becomes inactive for the rest of the input common mode range up to the positive supply. The output is configured with a pair of complementary common emitter stages that enables the output to swing from rail to rail. Capacitors C1 and C2 form local feedback loops that lower the output impedance at high frequencies. 14989fa 11 LT1498/LT1499 U U W U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION V+ R3 I1 D1 + IN Q12 Q11 Q5 Q15 C2 Q13 VBIAS D2 D6 V– R7 Q4 Q3 Q1 Q10 Q9 Q8 D4 Q7 CC OUT Q2 D3 V R5 R6 D5 – IN R4 BUFFER AND OUTPUT BIAS C1 Q6 – R1 R2 Q14 1498/99 F01 Figure 1. LT1498 Simplified Schematic Diagram Input Offset Voltage The offset voltage changes depending upon which input stage is active. The input offsets are random, but are trimmed to less than 475µV. To maintain the precision characteristics of the amplifier, the change of VOS over the entire input common mode range (CMRR) is guaranteed to be less than 425µV on a single 5V supply. Input Bias Current The input bias current polarity also depends on the input common mode voltage, as described in the previous section. When the PNP differential pair is active, the input bias currents flow out of the input pins; they flow in opposite direction when the NPN input stage is active. The offset error due to input bias current can be minimized by equalizing the noninverting and inverting input source impedances. This will reduce the error since the input offset currents are much less than the input bias currents. Overdrive Protection To prevent the output from reversing polarity when the input voltage exceeds the power supplies, two pair of crossing diodes D1 to D4 are employed. When the input voltage exceeds either power supply by approximately 700mV, D1/D2 or D3/D4 will turn on, forcing the output to the proper polarity. For the phase reversal protection to work properly, the input current must be less than 5mA. If the amplifier is to be severely overdriven, an external resistor should be used to limit the overdrive current. Furthermore, the LT1498/LT1499’s input stages are protected by a pair of back-to-back diodes, D5/D6. When a differential voltage of more than 0.7V is applied to the inputs, these diodes will turn on, preventing the Zener breakdown of the input transistors. The current in D5/D6 should be limited to less than 10mA. Internal resistors R6 and R7 (700Ω total) limit the input current for differential input signals of 7V or less. For larger input levels, a resistor in series with either or both inputs should be used to limit the current. Worst-case differential input voltage usually occurs when the output is shorted to ground. In addition, the amplifier is protected against ESD strikes up to 3kV on all pins. Capacitive Load The LT1498/LT1499 are designed for ease of use. The amplifier can drive a capacitive load of more than 10nF 14989fa 12 LT1498/LT1499 U U W U APPLICATIONS INFORMATION without oscillation at unity gain. When driving a heavy capacitive load, the bandwidth is reduced to maintain stability. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the stability of the device for small-signal and large-signal conditions with capacitive loads. Both the small-signal and large-signal transient response with a 10nF capacitive load are well behaved. CL = 0pF CL = 500pF CL = 10nF Feedback Components To minimize the loading effect of feedback, it is possible to use the high value feedback resistors to set the gain. However, care must be taken to insure that the pole formed by the feedback resistors and the total input capacitance at the inverting input does not degrade the stability of the amplifier. For instance, the LT1498/LT1499 in a noninverting gain of 2, set with two 30k resistors, will probably oscillate with 10pF total input capacitance (5pF input capacitance + 5pF board capacitance). The amplifier has a 2.5MHz crossing frequency and a 60° phase margin at 6dB of gain. The feedback resistors and the total input capacitance create a pole at 1.06MHz that induces 67° of phase shift at 2.5MHz! The solution is simple, either lower the value of the resistors or add a feedback capacitor of 10pF of more. 1498/99 F02a VS = 5V AV = 1 Figure 2a. LT1498 Small-Signal Response CL = 0pF CL = 500pF CL = 10nF 1498/99 F02b VS = 5V AV = 1 Figure 2b. LT1498 Large-Signal Response U TYPICAL APPLICATIONS N 1A Voltage Controlled Current Source 1A Voltage Controlled Current Sink V+ 0.5Ω V+ V+ 1k 1k VIN 1k VIN Si9410DY – 100Ω 1/2 LT1498 RL 100Ω 1/2 LT1498 500pF – IOUT + 500pF Si9430DY + 1k V + – VIN 0.5Ω tr < 1µs IOUT = IOUT RL 1498/99 TA03 VIN 0.5Ω tr < 1µs IOUT = 0.5Ω 1498/99 TA04 14989fa 13 LT1498/LT1499 U TYPICAL APPLICATIONS N Input Bias Current Cancellation RG RF SIGNAL AMP – VOUT 1/2 LT1498 + VIN 1M + CANCELLATION AMP 1/2 LT1498 – 22pF 1M 1498/99 TA05 INPUT BIAS CURRENT LESS THAN 50nA FOR 500mV ≤ VIN ≤ (V + – 500mV) U PACKAGE DESCRIPTION N8 Package 8-Lead PDIP (Narrow .300 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1510) 0.400* (10.160) MAX 8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 0.255 ± 0.015* (6.477 ± 0.381) 0.300 – 0.325 (7.620 – 8.255) 0.009 – 0.015 (0.229 – 0.381) ( +0.035 0.325 –0.015 8.255 +0.889 –0.381 ) 0.045 – 0.065 (1.143 – 1.651) 0.130 ± 0.005 (3.302 ± 0.127) 0.065 (1.651) TYP 0.100 (2.54) BSC 0.125 (3.175) 0.020 MIN (0.508) MIN 0.018 ± 0.003 (0.457 ± 0.076) N8 1098 *THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010 INCH (0.254mm) 14989fa 14 LT1498/LT1499 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTION S8 Package 8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) 0.189 – 0.197* (4.801 – 5.004) 7 8 5 6 0.150 – 0.157** (3.810 – 3.988) 0.228 – 0.244 (5.791 – 6.197) SO8 1298 1 0.010 – 0.020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) 3 2 4 0.053 – 0.069 (1.346 – 1.752) 0.008 – 0.010 (0.203 – 0.254) 0.004 – 0.010 (0.101 – 0.254) 0°– 8° TYP 0.016 – 0.050 (0.406 – 1.270) 0.050 (1.270) BSC 0.014 – 0.019 (0.355 – 0.483) TYP *DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE S Package 14-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) 0.337 – 0.344* (8.560 – 8.738) 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0.228 – 0.244 (5.791 – 6.197) 0.150 – 0.157** (3.810 – 3.988) 1 0.010 – 0.020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) 0.008 – 0.010 (0.203 – 0.254) 2 3 4 5 6 0.053 – 0.069 (1.346 – 1.752) 0.004 – 0.010 (0.101 – 0.254) 0° – 8° TYP 0.016 – 0.050 (0.406 – 1.270) 0.014 – 0.019 (0.355 – 0.483) TYP 7 0.050 (1.270) BSC *DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE S14 1298 14989fa Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 15 LT1498/LT1499 U TYPICAL APPLICATION Bidirectional Current Sensor voltage is then amplified at the Charge Out by the ratio of RB over RA. In this mode, the output of A2 remains high, keeping Q2 off and the Discharge Out low, even though the (+) input of A2 exceeds the positive power supply. During the discharge cycle, A2 and Q2 are active and the operation is similar to the charge cycle. A bidirectional current sensor for battery-powered systems is shown in Figure 3. Two outputs are provided: one proportional to charge current, the other proportional to discharge current. The circuit takes advantage of the LT1498’s rail-to-rail input range and its output phase reversal protection. During the charge cycle, the op amp A1 forces a voltage equal to (IL)(RSENSE) across RA. This IL CHARGE VBATTERY + A2 1/2 LT1498 – RSENSE 0.1Ω VBATTERY DISCHARGE RA RA RA Q2 MTP23P06 DISCHARGE OUT + A1 1/2 LT1498 RA – Q1 MTP23P06 CHARGE OUT RB RB () RB R RA SENSE FOR RA = 1k, RB = 10k VO = 1V/A 1498/99 F03 IL V O = IL Figure 3. Bidirectional Current Sensor RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTON COMMENTS LTC 1152 Rail-to-Rail Input and Output, Zero-Drift Op Amp High DC Accuracy, 10µV VOS(MAX), 100nV/°C Drift, 1MHz GBW, 1V/µs Slew Rate, Max Supply Current 2.2mA LT1211/LT1212 Dual/Quad 14MHz, 7V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 275µV VOS(MAX), 6µV/°C Max Drift, Max Supply Current 1.8mA per Op Amp LT1213/LT1214 Dual/Quad 28MHz, 12V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 275µV VOS(MAX), 6µV/°C Max Drift, Max Supply Current 3.5mA per Op Amp LT1215/LT1216 Dual/Quad 23MHz, 50V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 450µV VOS(MAX), Max Supply Current 6.6mA per Op Amp LT1366/LT1367 Dual/Quad Precision, Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Op Amps 475µV VOS(MAX), 400kHz GBW, 0.13V/µs Slew Rate, Max Supply Current 520µA per Op Amp LT1490/LT1491 Dual/Quad Micropower, Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Op Amps Max Supply Current 50µA per Op Amp, 200kHz GBW, 0.07V/µs Slew Rate, Operates with Inputs 44V Above V – Independent of V + ® 14989fa 16 Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 ● (408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● TELEX: 499-3977 ● www.linear.com LT/TP 1101 REV A 1.5K • PRINTED IN USA LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1996