High Speed, Half-Duplex iCoupler® Isolated RS-485 Transceiver ADM2486 FEATURES APPLICATIONS ADM2486 DE TxD PV RxD BUS SIDE GALVANIC ISOLATION RTS A B RE GND1 GND2 04604-001 UL recognition—2500 Vrms for 1 minute per UL 1577 CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5A VDE Certificate of Conformity DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884 Part 2): 2003-01 DIN EN 60950 (VDE 0805): 2001-12; EN 60950: 2000 VIORM = 560 V peak Operating temperature range: −40°C to +85°C Wide body, 16-lead SOIC package VDD2 VDD1 LOGIC SIDE Half-duplex, isolated RS-485 transceiver PROFIBUS®-compliant ANSI EIA/TIA 485-A and ISO 8482: 1987(E) compliant 20 Mbps data rate 5 V or 3 V operation (VDD1) High common-mode transient immunity: >25 kV/μs Isolated DE status output Receiver open-circuit, fail-safe design Thermal shutdown protection 50 nodes on bus Safety and regulatory approvals FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1. The device employs Analog Devices’ iCoupler technology to combine a 3-channel isolator, a three-state differential line driver, and a differential input receiver into a single package. The logic side of the device is powered with either a 5 V or a 3 V supply, and the bus side uses an isolated 5 V supply. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADM2486 driver has an active-high enable feature. The driver differential outputs and the receiver differential inputs are connected internally to form a differential input/output port that imposes minimal loading on the bus when the driver is disabled or when VDD1 or VDD2 = 0 V. Also provided is an activehigh receiver disable feature that causes the receive output to enter a high impedance state. The ADM2486 differential bus transceiver is an integrated, galvanically isolated component designed for bidirectional data communication on multipoint bus transmission lines. It is designed for balanced transmission lines and complies with ANSI EIA/TIA-485-A and ISO 8482: 1987(E). The device has current-limiting and thermal shutdown features to protect against output short circuits and situations where bus contention might cause excessive power dissipation. The part is fully specified over the industrial temperature range and is available in a 16-lead, wide body SOIC package. Isolated RS-485/RS-422 interfaces PROFIBUS networks Industrial field networks Multipoint data transmission systems Rev. C Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 © 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADM2486 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Circuit Description......................................................................... 14 Timing Specifications....................................................................... 5 Electrical Isolation...................................................................... 14 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 6 Truth Tables................................................................................. 14 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 6 Power-Up/Power-Down Thresholds ....................................... 14 ADM2486 Characteristics ............................................................... 7 Thermal Shutdown .................................................................... 15 Package Characteristics ............................................................... 7 Receiver Fail-Safe Inputs ........................................................... 15 Regulatory Information............................................................... 7 Magnetic Field Immunity.......................................................... 15 Insulation and Safety-Related Specifications............................ 7 Applications Information .............................................................. 16 VDE 0884 Insulation Characteristics ........................................ 8 Power_Valid Input ..................................................................... 16 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 9 Isolated Power Supply Circuit .................................................. 17 Test Circuits..................................................................................... 10 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 18 Switching Characteristics .............................................................. 11 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 18 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 12 REVISION HISTORY 3/05—Rev. B to Rev. C Change to Package Characteristics................................................. 7 Changes to Figure 12, Figure 14, and Figure 15 ......................... 11 Change to Power_Valid Input Section......................................... 16 1/05—Rev. A to Rev. B Added PROFIBUS logo ................................................................... 1 11/04—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Figure 1.......................................................................... 1 Changes to Figure 6........................................................................ 10 Added Figure 22 through Figure 25............................................. 13 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 18 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 18 Rev. C | Page 2 of 20 ADM2486 SPECIFICATIONS 2.7 V ≤ VDD1 ≤ 5.5 V, 4.75 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 5.25 V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter DRIVER Differential Outputs Differential Output Voltage, VOD ∆ |VOD| for Complementary Output States Common-Mode Output Voltage, VOC ∆ |VOC| for Complementary Output States Output Short-Circuit Current, VOUT = High Output Short-Circuit Current, VOUT = Low Bus Enable Output Output High Voltage Min Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments 2.1 2.1 2.1 5 5 5 5 V V V V 60 60 0.2 3 0.2 200 200 V V V mA mA R = ∞, see Figure 3 R = 50 Ω (RS-422), see Figure 3 R = 27 Ω (RS-485), see Figure 3 VTST = −7 V to 12 V, VDD1 ≥ 4.7, see Figure 4 R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω, see Figure 3 R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω, see Figure 3 R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω, see Figure 3 −7 V ≤ VOUT ≤ +12 V −7 V ≤ VOUT ≤ +12 V 0.1 0.3 0.4 V V V V V V IODE = 20 µA IODE = 1.6 mA IODE = 4 mA IODE = −20 µA IODE = −1.6 mA IODE = −4 mA 0.25 VDD1 10 V V µA TxD, RTS, RE, PV TxD, RTS, RE, PV TxD, RTS, RE, PV = VDD1 or 0 V 0.6 −0.35 mV mV kΩ mA mA −7 V ≤ VCM ≤ +12V −7 V ≤ VCM ≤ +12V −7 V ≤ VCM ≤ +12V VIN = +12 V VIN = −7 V 0.1 0.4 85 ±1 V V V V mA µA IOUT = 20 µA, VA − VB = 0.2 V IOUT = 4 mA, VA − VB = 0.2 V IOUT = −20 µA, VA − VB = −0.2 V IOUT = −4 mA, VA − VB = −0.2 V VOUT = GND or VCC 0.4 V ≤ VOUT ≤ 2.4 V VDD2 − 0.1 VDD2 − 0.3 VDD2 − 0.4 Typ VDD2 − 0.1 VDD2 − 0.2 Output Low Voltage 0.1 0.2 Logic Inputs Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage CMOS Logic Input Current (TxD, RTS, RE, PV) RECEIVER Differential Inputs Differential Input Threshold Voltage, VTH Input Hysteresis Input Resistance (A, B) Input Current (A, B) RxD Logic Output Output High Voltage 0.7 VDD1 −10 0.01 −200 20 VDD1 − 0.1 VDD1 − 0.4 200 70 30 VDD1 − 0.2 Output Low Voltage 0.2 Output Short-Circuit Current Three-State Output Leakage Current 7 Rev. C | Page 3 of 20 ADM2486 Parameter POWER SUPPLY CURRENT Logic Side Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments 1.3 mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA kV/µs RTS = 0 V, VDD1 = 5.5 V 2 Mbps, VDD1 = 5.5 V, see Figure 5 20 Mbps, VDD1 = 5.5 V, see Figure 5 RTS = 0 V, VDD1 = 3 V 2 Mbps, VDD1 = 3 V, see Figure 5 20 Mbps, VDD1 = 3 V, see Figure 5 RTS = 0 V 2 Mbps, RTS = VDD1, see Figure 5 20 Mbps, RTS = VDD1, see Figure 5 VCM = 1 kV, transient magnitude = 800 V VHF = +5 V, −2 V < VTEST2 < 7 V, 1 MHz < fTEST < 50 MHz, see Figure 6 2.9 10.2 0.8 1.1 4.3 Bus Side 3.0 53.4 86.7 COMMON-MODE TRANSIENT IMMUNITY1 HIGH FREQUENCY, COMMON-MODE NOISE IMMUNITY 1 25 100 mV Common-mode transient immunity is the maximum common-mode voltage slew rate that can be sustained while maintaining specification-compliant operation. VCM is the common-mode potential difference between the logic and bus sides. The transient magnitude is the range over which the common-mode is slewed. The common-mode voltage slew rates apply to both rising and falling common-mode voltage edges. Rev. C | Page 4 of 20 ADM2486 TIMING SPECIFICATIONS 2.7 V ≤ VDD1 ≤ 5.5 V, 4.75 V ≤ VDD2 ≤ 5.25 V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter DRIVER Maximum Data Rate Propagation Delay, tPLH, tPHL RTS-to-DE Propagation Delay Pulse Width Distortion, tPWD Min Typ Max Unit 20 25 20 45 35 55 55 5 Mbps ns ns ns Switching Skew, tSKEW 2 5 ns Rise/Fall Time, tR, tF 5 15 ns 43 43 1 2 53 55 3 5 ns ns ns ns RLDIFF = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, see Figure 7 See Figure 8 RLDIFF = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, see Figure 7 and Figure 12 RLDIFF = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, see Figure 7 and Figure 12 RLDIFF = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, see Figure 7 and Figure 12 See Figure 9 and Figure 14 See Figure 9 and Figure 14 See Figure 9 and Figure 14 See Figure 9 and Figure 14 45 3 3 55 5 13 13 ns ns ns ns CL = 15 pF, see Figure 10 and Figure 13 CL = 15 pF, see Figure 10 and Figure 13 RL = 1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF, see Figure 11 and Figure 15 RL = 1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF, see Figure 11 and Figure 15 1 3 2 5 µs µs Enable Time Disable Time Enable Skew, |tAZH − tBZL|, |tAZL − tBZH| Disable Skew, |tAHZ − tBLZ|, |tALZ − tBHZ| RECEIVER Propagation Delay, tPLH, tPHL Differential Skew, tSKEW Enable Time Disable Time POWER_VALID INPUT Enable Time Disable Time 25 Rev. C | Page 5 of 20 Test Conditions/Comments ADM2486 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. All voltages are relative to their respective ground. Table 3. Parameter VDD1 VDD2 Digital Input Voltage (RTS, RE, TxD) Digital Output Voltage RxD DE Driver Output/Receiver Input Voltage Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Average Output Current per Pin θJA Thermal Impedance Lead Temperature Soldering (10 sec) Vapor Phase (60 sec) Infrared (15 sec) Rating −0.5 V to +7 V −0.5 V to +6 V −0.5 V to VDD1 + 0.5 V Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. −0.5 V to VDD1 + 0.5 V −0.5 V to VDD2 + 0.5 V −9 V to +14 V −40°C to +85°C −55°C to +150°C −35 mA to +35 mA 73°C/W 260°C 215°C 220°C ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. C | Page 6 of 20 ADM2486 ADM2486 CHARACTERISTICS PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS Table 4. Parameter Resistance (Input-Output)1 Capacitance (Input-Output)1 Input Capacitance2 Input IC Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance Output IC Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance 1 2 Symbol RI-O CI-O CI θJCI θJCO Min Typ 1012 3 4 33 28 Max Unit Ω pF pF °C/W °C/W Test Conditions f = 1 MHz Thermocouple located at center of package underside Device considered a 2-terminal device: Pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 shorted together, and Pins 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 shorted together. Input capacitance is from any input data pin to ground REGULATORY INFORMATION The ADM2486 has been approved by the following organizations: Table 5. Organization UL Approval Type Recognized under 1577 component recognition program. File E214100 Notes In accordance with UL1577, each ADM2486 is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥3000 V rms for 1 sec (current leakage detection limit = 5 µA). CSA VDE Approved under CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5A. File 205078. Certified according to DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884 Part 2): 2003-01 Complies with DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884 Part 2): 2003-01, DIN EN 60950 (VDE 0805): 2001-12; EN 60950: 2000 File 2471900-4880-0001 In accordance with VDE 0884, each ADM2486 is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥1050 VPEAK for 1 sec (partial discharge detection limit = 5 pC). INSULATION AND SAFETY-RELATED SPECIFICATIONS Table 6. Parameter Rated Dielectric Insulation Voltage Minimum External Air Gap (Clearance) Symbol L(I01) Value 2500 7.45 min Unit V rms mm Minimum External Tracking (Creepage) L(I02) 8.1 min mm Minimum Internal Gap (Internal Clearance) Tracking Resistance (Comparative Tracking Index) Isolation Group CTI 0.017 min >175 IIIa mm V Rev. C | Page 7 of 20 Conditions 1-minute duration. Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance through air. Measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance along body. Insulation distance through insulation. DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303 Part 1. Material Group (DIN VDE 0110, 1/89, Table 1). ADM2486 VDE 0884 INSULATION CHARACTERISTICS This isolator is suitable for basic electrical isolation only within the safety limit data. Maintenance of the safety data must be ensured by means of protective circuits. An asterisk (*) on the physical package denotes VDE 0884 approval for 560 V peak working voltage. Table 7. Description Installation Classification per DIN VDE 0110 for Rated Mains Voltage ≤150 V rms ≤300 V rms ≤400 V rms Climatic Classification Pollution Degree (DIN VDE 0110, Table 1) Maximum Working Insulation Voltage Input-to-Output Test Voltage, Method b1 VIORM × 1.875 = VPR, 100% Production Tested, tm = 1 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC Input-to-Output Test Voltage, Method a (After Environmental Tests, Subgroup 1) VIORM × 1.6 = VPR, tm = 60 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC (After Input and/or Safety Test, Subgroup 2/3) VIORM × 1.2 = VPR, tm = 60 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC Highest Allowable Overvoltage (Transient Overvoltage, tTR = 10 sec) Safety-Limiting Values (Mximum Value Allowed in the Event of a Failure. See Figure 21.) Case Temperature Input Current Output Current Insulation Resistance at Ts, VIO = 500 V Rev. C | Page 8 of 20 Symbol Characteristic Unit VIORM VPR I to IV I to III I to II 40/85/21 2 560 1050 VPEAK VPEAK 896 VPEAK VPR 672 VPEAK VTR 4000 VPEAK TS IS, INPUT IS, OUTPUT RS 150 265 335 >109 °C mA mA Ω ADM2486 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS VDD1 1 GND11 2 16 VDD2 ADM2486 15 GND21 RxD 3 14 NC TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 13 RE 4 B RTS 5 12 A TxD 6 11 NC PV 74 5 DE 10 GND11 8 9 GND21 NC = NO CONNECT EITHER OR BOTH MAY BE USED FOR GND1. PIN 9 AND PIN 15 ARE INTERNALLY CONNECTED. EITHER OR BOTH MAY BE USED FOR GND2. 04604-003 1 PIN 2 AND PIN 8 ARE INTERNALLY CONNECTED. Figure 2. Pin Configuration Table 8. Pin No. 1 2, 8 3 Mnemonic VDD1 GND1 R×D 4 RE 5 6 7 9, 15 10 RTS TxD PV GND2 DE 11, 14 12 NC A 13 B 16 VDD2 Function Power Supply (Logic Side). Ground (Logic Side). Receiver Output Data. This output is high when (A – B) > 200 mV, and low when (A – B) < –200 mV. The output is three-stated when the receiver is disabled, that is, when RE is driven high. Receiver Enable Input. This is an active-low input. Driving this input low enables the receiver, and driving it high disables the receiver. Request to Send Input. Driving this input high enables the driver, and driving it low disables the driver. Transmit Data Input. Data to be transmitted by the driver is applied to this input. Power_Valid. Used during power-up and power-down. See the Applications Information section. Ground (Bus Side). Driver Enable Status Output. This output signals the driver enable or disable status to other devices on the bus. DE is high when the driver is enabled and low when the driver is disabled. No Connect. Noninverting Driver Output/Receiver Input. When the driver is disabled, or when VDD1 or VDD2 is powered down, Pin A is put into a high impedance state to avoid overloading the bus. Inverting Driver Output/Receiver Input. When the driver is disabled, or when VDD1 or VDD2 is powered down, Pin B is put into a high impedance state to avoid overloading the bus. Power Supply (Bus Side). Rev. C | Page 9 of 20 ADM2486 TEST CIRCUITS R VOD CL1 A B Figure 3. Driver Voltage Measurement 04604-007 VOC RLDIFF 04604-005 R CL2 Figure 7. Driver Propagation Delay 375Ω DE 150Ω 375Ω GALVANIC ISOLATION RTS VTEST 60Ω 04604-006 VOD3 TxD Figure 4. Driver Voltage Measurement RxD 50pF A B RE VDD2 GND2 04604-008 GND1 VDD1 DE RTS GALVANIC ISOLATION 150Ω A 110Ω B 195Ω GND2 RE VDD1 VCC 195Ω A VDD2 GND1 GND2 110Ω S1 TxD S2 50pF B VOUT 04604-009 RxD VDD2 04604-004 TxD Figure 8. RTS-to-DE Propagation Delay RTS Figure 9. Driver Enable/Disable Figure 5. Supply-Current Measurement Test Circuit A 195Ω B GND2 GND1 100nF GND2 VDD2 FTEST, 110nF VHF 110Ω 470nF A 195Ω VDD1 CL Figure 10. Receiver Propagation Delay 50Ω +1.5V 50Ω 22kΩ VTEST2 100nF VCC S1 04604-010 RxD 2.2kΩ RECEIVE GND2 ENABLE VDD2 VOUT RE Figure 6. High Frequency Common-Mode Noise Test Circuit RL –1.5V RE CL VOUT RE IN Figure 11. Receiver Enable/Disable Rev. C | Page 10 of 20 S2 04604-013 GALVANIC ISOLATION TxD VCM(HF) B DE 04604-012 RTS ADM2486 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS VDD1 0.5VDD1 0.5VDD1 0.7VDD1 0V tPALH tPBHL tPBLH RTS tPAHL B 0.5VDD1 0.5VDD1 0.3VDD1 1/2VO tZL VO tLZ A tSKEW tSKEW 2.3V A, B VOH + 0.5V tPWD = |tPALH – tPAHL|, |tPBLH – tPBHL| VOH VOH – 0.5V 10% POINT 10% POINT VOL tR tF 2.3V A, B 0V 04604-021 A, B VOL tHZ tZH 90% POINT 90% POINT 04604-011 VOH Figure 14. Driver Enable/Disable Timing Figure 12. Driver Propagation Delay, Rise/Fall Timing 0.7VDD1 RE 0.5VDD1 0.5VDD1 0.3VDD1 A–B 0V 0V tPLH tPHL tLZ tZL 1.5V RxD VOH VOL + 0.5V O/P LOW VOL tHZ tZH O/P HIGH tSKEW = |tPLH – tPHL| VOH 1.5V VOL Figure 13. Receiver Propagation Delay RxD 1.5V VOH – 0.5V 0V Figure 15. Receiver Enable/Disable Timing Rev. C | Page 11 of 20 04604-020 1.5V 04604-019 RxD ADM2486 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 1.4 1.2 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) IDD1 _RCVR_ENABLE @ 5.5V 1.0 1 IDD2 _DE_ENABLE @ 5.5V 0.8 0.6 2 0.4 04604-025 0.2 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) –40 85 04604-029 4 0 CH1 2.00V CH3 2.00V Figure 16. Unloaded Supply Current vs. Temperature 50 CH2 2.00V CH4 2.00V M20.0ns A CH2 T 6.00000ns 3.12V Figure 19. Driver/Receiver Propagation Delay, Low to High (RLDiff = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF) RECEIVER tPLH 45 40 RECEIVER tPHL 1 TIME (ns) 35 30 25 20 3 15 5 –40 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 04604-026 4 0 CH1 5.00V CH3 2.00V 50 2.60V 350 300 DRIVER tALH SAFETY-LIMITING CURRENT (mA) 35 DRIVER tBLH DRIVER tAHL 25 20 15 10 250 SIDE 2 200 150 SIDE 1 100 50 0 –40 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 Figure 18. Receiver Propagation Delay vs. Temperature 0 0 50 100 150 CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) 200 04604-018 5 04604-027 TIME (ns) M20.0ns A CH1 T –444.400ns DRIVER tBHL 40 30 CH2 2.00V CH4 2.00V Figure 20. Driver/Receiver Propagation Delay, High to Low (RLDiff = 54 Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF) Figure 17. Driver Propagation Delay vs. Temperature 45 04604-028 10 Figure 21. Thermal Derating Curve, Dependence of Safety-Limiting Values with Case Temperature per VDE 0884 Rev. C | Page 12 of 20 0 4.78 –5 4.76 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) –10 –15 –20 4.70 3.04 3.30 3.56 4.07 4.31 4.55 3.82 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.79 4.66 –40 5.00 Figure 22. Output Current vs. Receiver Output High Voltage 04604-033 –30 –25 –10 20 35 50 5 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 80 Figure 24. Receiver Output High Voltage vs. Temperature I = −4 mA 35 0.32 30 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.30 25 20 15 10 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.22 5 04604-032 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 4.72 4.68 04604-031 –25 4.74 0 0 0.23 0.46 0.69 0.93 1.17 1.42 1.67 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.93 0.20 –40 2.20 Figure 23. Output Current vs. Receiver Output Low Voltage 04604-034 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) ADM2486 –25 –10 20 35 50 5 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 80 Figure 25. Receiver Output Low Voltage vs. Temperature I = –4 mA Rev. C | Page 13 of 20 ADM2486 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION Table 9. Transmitting ELECTRICAL ISOLATION In the ADM2486, electrical isolation is implemented on the logic side of the interface. Therefore, the part has two main sections: a digital isolation section and a transceiver section (see Figure 26). Driver input and request-to-send signals, applied to the TxD and RTS pins, respectively, and referenced to logic ground (GND1), are coupled across an isolation barrier to appear at the transceiver section referenced to isolated ground (GND2). Similarly, the receiver output, referenced to isolated ground in the transceiver section, is coupled across the isolation barrier to appear at the RxD pin referenced to logic ground. iCoupler Technology The digital signals are transmitted across the isolation barrier using iCoupler technology. This technique uses chip-scale transformer windings to couple the digital signals magnetically from one side of the barrier to the other. Digital inputs are encoded into waveforms that are capable of exciting the primary transformer winding. At the secondary winding, the induced waveforms are then decoded into the binary value that was originally transmitted. VDD1 VDD2 Supply Status VDD1 VDD2 On On On On On On On Off Off On Off Off Inputs RTS H H L X X X TxD H L X X X X Output A B H L L H Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z DE H H L L L L Table 10. Receiving Supply Status VDD1 VDD2 Inputs A − B (V) RE Output RxD On On On On On On Off Off >0.2 <−0.2 −0.2 < A − B < 0.2 Inputs open X X X X L or NC L or NC L or NC L or NC H L or NC L or NC L or NC H L I H Z H H L On On On On On Off On Off ISOLATION BARRIER POWER-UP/POWER-DOWN THRESHOLDS A TxD D DECODE ENCODE B ENCODE DECODE RxD DECODE ENCODE DE R TRANSCEIVER DIGITAL ISOLATION RE GND1 GND2 Figure 26. ADM2486 Digital Isolation and Transceiver Sections 04604-022 RTS The power-up/power-down characteristics of the ADM2486 are in accordance with the supply thresholds shown in Table 11. Upon power-up, the ADM2486 output signals (A, B, RxD, and DE) reach their correct state once both supplies have exceeded their thresholds. Upon power-down, the ADM2486 output signals retain their correct state until at least one of the supplies drops below its power-down threshold. When the VDD1 powerdown threshold is crossed, the ADM2486 output signals reach their unpowered states within 4 µs. Table 11. Power-Up/Power-Down Thresholds TRUTH TABLES The truth tables in this section use these abbreviations: Letter H I L X Z NC Description High level Indeterminate Low level Irrelevant High impedance (off) Disconnected Supply VDD1 VDD1 VDD2 VDD2 Rev. C | Page 14 of 20 Transition Power-up Power-down Power-up Power-down Threshold (V) 2.0 1.0 3.3 2.4 ADM2486 100.000 10.000 The limitation on the iCoupler’s ac magnetic field immunity is set by the condition in which the induced error voltage in the receiving coil (the bottom coil in this case) is made sufficiently large, either to falsely set or reset the decoder. The voltage induced across the bottom coil is given by ⎛ −dβ ⎞ 2 V =⎜ ⎟∑ πrn ; n = 1, 2, . . . , N ⎝ dt ⎠ where, if the pulses at the transformer output are greater than 1.0 V in amplitude: β = magnetic flux density (gauss) N = number of turns in receiving coil rn = radius of nth turn in receiving coil (cm) 100M For example, at a magnetic field frequency of 1 MHz, the maximum allowable magnetic field of 0.2 kGauss induces a voltage of 0.25 V at the receiving coil. This is about 50% of the sensing threshold and does not cause a faulty output transition. Similarly, if such an event occurs during a transmitted pulse and is the worst-case polarity, it reduces the received pulse from >1.0 V to 0.75 V. This is well above the 0.5 V sensing threshold of the decoder. Figure 28 shows the magnetic flux density values in terms of more familiar quantities such as maximum allowable current flow at given distances away from the ADM2486 transformers. 1000.00 DISTANCE = 1m 100.00 The decoder has a sensing threshold of about 0.5 V; therefore, there is a 0.5 V margin in which induced voltages can be tolerated. Given the geometry of the receiving coil and an imposed requirement that the induced voltage is, at most, 50% of the 0.5 V margin at the decoder, a maximum allowable magnetic field is calculated, as shown in Figure 27. 10k 100k 1M 10M MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 27. Maximum Allowable External Magnetic Flux Density MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CURRENT (kA) Because iCouplers use a coreless technology, no magnetic components are present, and the problem of magnetic saturation of the core material does not exist. Therefore, iCouplers have essentially infinite dc field immunity. The analysis below defines the conditions under which this may occur. The ADM2486’s 3 V operating condition is examined because it represents the most susceptible mode of operation. 0.010 0.001 1k The receiver input includes a fail-safe feature that guarantees a logic high RxD output when the A and B inputs are floating or open-circuited. MAGNETIC FIELD IMMUNITY 0.100 04604-016 RECEIVER FAIL-SAFE INPUTS 1.000 DISTANCE = 5mm 10.00 DISTANCE = 100mm 1.00 0.10 0.01 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 04604-017 The ADM2486 contains thermal shutdown circuitry that protects the part from excessive power dissipation during fault conditions. Shorting the driver outputs to a low impedance source can result in high driver currents. The thermal sensing circuitry detects the increase in die temperature under this condition and disables the driver outputs. This circuitry is designed to disable the driver outputs when a die temperature of 150°C is reached. As the device cools, the drivers are re-enabled at a temperature of 140°C. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE MAGNETIC FLUX DENSITY (kGAUSS) THERMAL SHUTDOWN Figure 28. Maximum Allowable Current for Various Current-to-ADM2486 Spacings At combinations of strong magnetic field and high frequency, any loops formed by printed circuit board traces could induce sufficiently large error voltages to trigger the thresholds of succeeding circuitry. Care should be taken in the layout of such traces to avoid this possibility. Rev. C | Page 15 of 20 ADM2486 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION POWER_VALID INPUT VDD1 To avoid chatter on the A and B outputs caused by slow powerup and power-down transients on VDD1 (>100 µs/V), the device features a power_valid (PV) digital input. This pin should be driven low until VDD1 exceeds 2.0 V. When VDD1 is greater than 2.0 V, this pin should be driven high. Conversely, upon powerdown, PV should be driven low before VDD1 reaches 2.0 V. VDD1 10kΩ ADM809Z RESET 100pF If the PV pin is driven with an open-drain output, the recommended value for the pull-up resistor is a 10 kΩ resistor, bypassed with a 100 pF capacitor to GND1 (see Figure 30). VDD1 VDD1 ADM2486 GND1 2.32V 2.0V 2.32V 2.0V tPOR RESET Figure 30. Driving PV with an Open-Drain Output VDD1 ADM809Z RESET PV ADM2486 GND1 VDD1 2.32V 2.0V 2.32V 2.0V 04604-023 tPOR RESET Figure 29. Driving PV with ADM809Z Rev. C | Page 16 of 20 04604-030 The power_valid input can be driven, for example, by the output of a system reset circuit such as the ADM809Z, which has a threshold voltage of 2.32 V. PV ADM2486 ISOLATED POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT The ADM2486 requires isolated power capable of 5 V at 100 mA to be supplied between the VDD2 and GND2 pins. If no suitable integrated power supply is available, a discrete circuit, such as the one in Figure 31, can be used. A center-tapped transformer provides electrical isolation. The primary winding is excited with a pair of square waveforms that are 180° out of phase with each other. A pair of Schottky diodes and a smoothing capacitor are used to create a rectified signal from the secondary winding. The ADP667 linear voltage regulator provides a regulated power supply to the ADM2486’s bus-side circuitry. To create the pair of square waves, a D-type flip-flop with complementary Q/Q outputs is used. The flip-flop can be connected so that output Q follows the clock input signal. If no local clock signal is available, a simple digital oscillator can be implemented with a hex-inverting Schmitt trigger and a resistor and capacitor. In this case, values of 3.9 kΩ and 1 nF generate a 364 kHz square wave. A pair of discrete NMOS transistors, switched by the Q/Q flip-flop outputs, conduct current through the center tap of the primary transformer, winding in an alternating fashion. VCC 100nF ISOLATION BARRIER BS107A 3.9kΩ SD103C PR VCC 5V CLR D IN VCC Q 100nF 22µF 74HC74A OUT ADP667 10µF BS107A 1nF 74HC14A Q SET GND SHDN 78253 SD103C VCC VDD1 VDD2 ADM2486 GND1 Figure 31. Isolated Power Supply Circuit Rev. C | Page 17 of 20 GND2 04604-024 CLK ADM2486 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 10.50 (0.4134) 10.10 (0.3976) 9 16 7.60 (0.2992) 7.40 (0.2913) 1.27 (0.0500) BSC 2.65 (0.1043) 2.35 (0.0925) 0.30 (0.0118) 0.10 (0.0039) COPLANARITY 0.10 10.65 (0.4193) 10.00 (0.3937) 8 1 0.51 (0.0201) 0.31 (0.0122) SEATING PLANE 8° 0.33 (0.0130) 0° 0.20 (0.0079) 0.75 (0.0295) × 45° 0.25 (0.0098) 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157) COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-013AA CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN Figure 32. 16-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC] Wide Body (RW-16) Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) ORDERING GUIDE Model ADM2486BRW ADM2486BRW-REEL ADM2486BRWZ1 ADM2486BRWZ-REEL1 1 Data Rate (Mbps) 20 20 20 20 Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C Package Description 16-Lead, Wide Body SOIC 16-Lead, Wide Body SOIC 16-Lead, Wide Body SOIC 16-Lead, Wide Body SOIC Z = Pb-free part. Rev. C | Page 18 of 20 Quantity 47 1,000 47 1,000 Package Option RW-16 RW-16 RW-16 RW-16 ADM2486 NOTES Rev. C | Page 19 of 20 ADM2486 NOTES © 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D04604–0–3/05(C) Rev. C | Page 20 of 20