a Wideband Voltage Feedback Amplifier AD9621* FEATURES 350 MHz Small Signal Bandwidth 130 MHz Large Signal BW (4 V p-p) High Slew Rate: 1200 V/ms Fast Settling: 11 ns to 0.01%/7 ns to 0.1% 63 V Supply Operation CONNECTION DIAGRAM APPLICATIONS ADC Input Driver Differential Amplifiers IF/RF Amplifiers Pulse Amplifiers Professional Video DAC Current-to-Voltage Baseband and Video Communications Pin Diode Receivers Active Filters/lntegrators/Log Amps NC # 1 8 NC # –INPUT 2 7 +V S +INPUT 3 6 OUTPUT 4 5 NC –VS AD9621 # OPTIONAL CAPACITOR CB CONNECTED HERE DECREASES SETTLING TIME GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD9621 is one of a family of very high speed and wide bandwidth amplifiers utilizing a voltage feedback architecture. These amplifiers define a new level of performance for voltage feedback amplifiers, especially in the categories of large signal bandwidth, slew rate, settling, and low noise. Proprietary design architectures have resulted in an amplifier family that combines the most attractive attributes of both current feedback and voltage feedback amplifiers. The AD9621 exhibits extraordinarily accurate and fast pulse response characteristics (7 ns settling to 0.1%) as well as extremely wide small and large signal bandwidth previously found only in current feedback amplifiers. When combined with balanced high impedance inputs and low input noise current more common to voltage feedback architectures, the AD9621 offers performance not previously available in a monolithic operational amplifier. *Protected by U.S. Patent 5,150,074 and others pending. Other members of the AD962X amplifier family are the AD9622 (G = +2), AD9623 (G = +4), and the AD9624 (G = +6). A separate data sheet is available from Analog Devices for each model. Each generic device has been designed for a different minimum stable gain setting, allowing users flexibility in optimizing system performance. Dynamic performance specifications such as slew rate, settling time, and distortion vary from model to model. The table below summarizes key performance attributes for the AD962X family and can be used as a selection guide. The AD9621 is offered in industrial and military temperature ranges. Industrial versions are available in plastic DIP, SOIC, and cerdip; MIL versions are packaged in cerdips. PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. Wide Large Signal Bandwidth 2. High Slew Rate 3. Fast Settling 4. Output Short-Circuit Protected Parameter AD9621 AD9622 AD9623 AD9624 Units Minimum Stable Gain Harmonic Distortion (20 MHz) Large Signal Bandwidth (4 V p-p) SSBW (0.5 V p-p) Slew Rate Rise/Fall Time (0.5 V Step) Settling Time (to 0.1%/0.01%) Input Noise (0.1 MHz – 200 MHz) +1 –52 130 350 1200 2.4 7/11 80 +2 –66 160 220 1500 1.7 8/14 49 +4 –64 190 270 2100 1.6 8/14 36 +6 –66 200 300 2200 1.5 8/14 32 V/V dB MHz MHz V/µs ns ns µV rms REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 617/329-4700 Fax: 617/326-8703 AD9621–SPECIFICATIONS DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (6V = 65 V, R S Parameter Conditions LOAD = 100 Ω; AV = 1, unless otherwise noted) Temp Test Level AD9621AN/AQ/AR Min Typ Max +25°C Full +25°C Full Full +25°C Full Full +25°C +25°C Full +25°C +25°C Full Full +25°C I VI I VI V I VI V V V VI I V VI VI V –12 –15 Min AD9621SQ Typ Max Units 1 DC SPECIFICATIONS Input Offset Voltage Input Bias Current Input Bias Current TC Input Offset Current Offset Current TC Input Resistance Input Capacitance Common-Mode Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Open Loop Gain Output Voltage Range Output Current Output Resistance ∆VCM = 1 V VOUT = ± 2 V p-p FREQUENCY DOMAIN Bandwidth (–3 dB) Small Signal Large Signal Amplitude of Peaking Amplitude of Roll-off Phase Nonlinearity 2nd Harmonic Distortion 3rd Harmonic Distortion Common-Mode Rejection Mode Spectral Input Noise Voltage Spectral Input Noise Current Average Equivalent Integrated Input Noise Voltage VOUT ≤ 0.4 V p-p VOUT ≤ 4.0 V p-p Full Spectrum ≤ 100 MHz DC to 100 MHz 2 V p-p; 20 MHz 2 V p-p; 20 MHz @ 20 MHz 1 to 200 MHz 1 to 200 MHz Full Full Full Full +25°C Full Full +25°C +25°C +25°C II V II II V II II V V V 0.1 to 200 MHz +25°C V VOUT = 5 V Step VOUT = 0.5 V Step VOUT = 5 V Step VOUT = 2 V Step Full +25°C Full Full IV V IV IV VOUT = 2 V Step VOUT = 2 V Step VOUT = 4 V Step VOUT = 4 V Step 1.5x to ± 2 mV RL = 150 Ω RL = 150 Ω +25°C Full +25°C +25°C +25°C +25°C +25°C V IV V V V V V Full IV Full Full +25°C VI VI I TIME DOMAIN Slew Rate Rise/Fall Time Overshoot Settling Time To 0.1% To 0.01% To 0.1%2 T0 0.012 Overdrive Recovery Differential Gain (4.3 MHz) Differential Phase (4.3 MHz) POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS1 Supply Voltage (± VS) Quiescent Current +IS +VS = +5 V –IS –VS = –5 V Power Supply Rejection Ratio ∆VS = 0.5 V ±2 7 –20 –2.0 –3.0 ± 3.0 46 ± 3.0 60 230 +12 +15 16 +20 35 ± 0.3 +2.0 +3.0 2.5 500 1.2 ± 3.4 49 56 ± 3.4 70 0.3 350 130 0.1 0 1.1 –55 –52 +28 5.6 3.6 –12 –15 –20 –2.0 –3.0 ± 3.0 46 ± 3.0 60 230 1.2 0.6 –44 –43 1200 2.4 4.8 7 0 15 5.0 5.5 29 29 54 23 23 66 1.2 0.6 –44 –43 MHz MHz dB dB Degree dBc dBc dB nV/√Hz pA/√Hz µV rms 1200 2.4 4.8 7 0 15 V/µs ns ns % 7 11 15 9 13 50 0.01 <0.01 ns ns ns ns ns % Degree 3.0 5.0 5.5 V 29 29 54 23 23 66 mA mA dB 850 7 11 15 9 13 50 0.01 <0.01 3.0 mV mV 7 µA µA 35 nA/°C +2.0 µA +3.0 µA 2.5 nA/°C 500 kΩ 1.2 pF ± 3.4 V 49 dB 56 dB ± 3.4 V 70 mA 0.3 Ω 350 130 0.1 0 1.1 –55 –52 +28 5.6 3.6 +12 +15 16 +20 80 80 850 ±2 NOTES 1 Measured at AV = 21. 2 Measured with a 0.001 µF CB capacitor connected across Pins 1 and 8. Specifications subject to change without notice. –2– REV. 0 AD9621 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1 THEORY OF OPERATION Supply Voltages (± VS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 6 V Common-Mode Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± VS Differential Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V Continuous Output Current2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 mA Operating Temperature Ranges AN, AQ, AR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +85°C SQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Ceramic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Plastic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +125°C Junction Temperature Ceramic3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +175°C Plastic3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150°C Lead Soldering Temperature (1 minute)4 . . . . . . . . . . +220°C The AD9621 is a wide bandwidth, unity gain stable voltage feedback amplifier. Since its open-loop frequency response follows the conventional 6 dB/octave roll-off, its gain bandwidth product is basically constant. Increasing its closed-loop gain results in a corresponding decrease in small signal bandwidth. The AD9621 typically maintains a 55 degree unity loop gain phase margin. This high margin minimizes the effects of signal and noise peaking. Feedback Resistor Choice At minimum stable gain (+1), the AD9621 provides optimum dynamic performance with RF ≅ 51 Ω. This resistor acts only as a parasitic suppressor against damped RF oscillations that can occur due to lead (input, feedback) inductance and parasitic capacitance. For settling accuracy to 0.1% or less, this resistor should not be required if layout guidelines are closely followed. This value for RF provides the best combination of wide bandwidth, low parasitic peaking, and fast settling time. NOTES 1 Absolute maximum ratings are limiting values to be applied individually, and beyond which the serviceability of the circuit may be impaired. Functional operability is not necessarily implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for an extended period of time may affect device reliability. 2 Output is short-circuit protected; for maximum reliability, 90 mA continuous current should not be exceeded. 3 Typical thermal impedances (part soldered onto board; no air flow): Ceramic DIP: θJA = 100°C/W; θJC = 30°C/W Plastic SOIC: θJA = 125°C/W; θJC = 45°C/W Plastic DIP: θJA = 90°C/W; θJC = 45°C/W 4 Temperature shown is for surface mount devices, mounted by vapor phase soldering. Throughhole devices (ceramic and plastic DIPs) can be soldered at +300°C for 10 seconds. When the AD9621 is used in the transimpedance (I-to-V) mode, such as for photo-diode detection, the value for RF and diode capacitance (CI) are usually known. See Figure 1. Generally, the value of RF selected will be in the kΩ range, and a shunt capacitor (CF) across RF will be required to maintain good amplifier stability. The value of CF required to maintain < 1 dB of peaking can be estimated as: 2 Model Temperature Range Package Description Package Option AD9621AN AD9621AQ AD9621AR AD9621SQ –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –55°C to +125°C 8-Pin Plastic DIP 8-Pin Cerdip 8-Pin SOIC 8-Pin Cerdip N-8 Q-8 R-8 Q-8 F ≥ 1 kΩ As an example, choosing RF of 10 kΩ and CI of 5 pF, requires CF to be 1.1 pF (Note: CI includes both the source and parasitic circuit capacitance). The bandwidth of the amplifier can be estimated using the CF calculated as: Test Level I – 100% production tested. II – 100% production tested at +25°C, and sample tested at specified temperatures. AC testing of “A” grade devices done on sample basis. III – Sample tested only. IV – Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization testing. V – Parameter is a typical value only. VI – All devices are 100% production tested at +25°C. 100% production tested at temperature extremes for extended temperature devices; sample tested at temperature extremes for commercial/industrial devices. 1.6 2 π RF C F f 3 dB ≅ For general voltage gain applications, the amplifier bandwidth can be estimated as: f 3 dB ≅ ωο RF 1+ RG This estimation loses accuracy for gains approaching +2/–1 or lower due to the amplifier’s damping factor. For these “low gain” cases, the bandwidth will actually extend beyond the calculated value. See Closed Loop BW plots. OUTPUT +V S As a rule of thumb, capacitor CF will not be required if: 54mils – INPUT 46.5mm –V S (R F CB– ) RG CI ≤ NG 4ω ο where NG is the Noise Gain (l + RF/RG) of the circuit. For most voltage gain applications, this should be the case. –INPUT +INPUT 46.5mils Chip Layout REV. 0 |R where ωo is equal to the unity gain bandwidth product of the amplifier in RAD/sec, and CI is the equivalent total input capacitance at the inverting input. Typically ωo is 700 × 106 RAD/sec (See Open Loop Frequency Response curve). EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS CB+ 2 C F ≅ [(2ω οC I RF −1)ω ο RF ]1 2 ORDERING GUIDE –3– AD9621 +VS +VS 6.8µF 6.8µF 0.1µF RF RG 0.1µF 7 3 7 CB (OPTIONAL) 8 6 RG VIN 2 1 4 CF AV = VOUT 0.1µF RG –R F 6.8µF Unlike a traditional voltage feedback amplifier in which slew speed is dictated by its front end dc quiescent current and gain bandwidth product, the AD9621 provides “on demand” transconductance current that increases proportionally to the input “step” signal amplitude. This results in slew speeds (1200 V/µs) comparable to wideband current feedback designs. This, combined with relatively low input noise current (3.6 pA/√Hz), gives the AD9621 the best attributes of both voltage and current feedback amplifiers. Bootstrap Capacitor (CB) In most applications, the CB capacitor will not be required. Under certain conditions, it can be used to further enhance settling time performance. The CB capacitor (0.001 µF) connects to the internal high impedance nodes of the amplifier. Using this capacitor will reduce the large signal (4 V) step output settling time by 3 to 5 ns for 0.05% or greater accuracy. For settling accuracy less than 0.05% or for smaller step sizes, its effect will be less apparent. Under heavy slew conditions, this capacitor forces the internal signal (initial step) amplitude to be controlled by the “on” (slewed) transistor, preventing its complement from completely turning off. This allows for faster settling time of these internal nodes and also the output. In the frequency domain, total (high frequency) distortion will be approximately the same with or without CB. Typically, the 3rd harmonic will be greater than the 2nd without CB. This will be reversed with CB in place. APPLICATIONS The AD9621 is a voltage feedback amplifier and is well suited for such applications as photo-detector preamp, active filters, and log amplifiers. The device’s wide bandwidth (350 MHz), RF RG 6.8µF –V S Figure 2. Inverting Gain Connection Diagram Pulse Response RF 500Ω AV = 1+ RG –VS Figure 1. Transimpedance Configuration VOUT CF 4 RF 500Ω 0.1µF CI 6 CF 1 CB (OPTIONAL) 8 VOUT 2 RF 3 VIN Figure 3. Noninverting Gain Connection Diagram phase margin (55°), low noise current (3.6 pA/√Hz), and slew rate (1200 V/µs) give higher performance capabilities to these applications over previous voltage feedback designs. With a settling time of 11 ns to 0.01% and 7 ns to 0.1%, the device is an excellent choice for DAC I/V conversion. The same characteristics, along with low harmonic distortion, make it a good choice for ADC buffering/amplification. With its superb linearity at relatively high signal frequencies, it is an ideal driver for ADCs up to 14 bits. Layout Considerations As with all wide bandwidth components, printed circuit layout is critical to obtain best dynamic performance with the AD9621. The ground plane in the area of the amplifier and its associated components should cover as much of the component side of the board as possible (or first interior layer of a multi layer surface mount board). The ground plane should be removed in the area of the inputs and RF and RG to minimize stray capacitance at the input. The same precaution should be used for CB, if used. Each power supply trace should be decoupled close to the package with a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor, plus a 6.8 µF tantalum nearby. All lead lengths for input, output, and feedback resistor should be kept as short as possible. All gain setting resistors should be chosen for low values of parasitic capacitance and inductance, i.e., microwave resistors and/or carbon resistors. Microstrip techniques should be used for lead lengths in excess of one inch. Sockets should be avoided if at all possible because of their high series inductance. If sockets are necessary, individual pin sockets such as AMP p/n 6-330808-3 should be used. These contribute far less stray reactance than molded socket assemblies. An evaluation board is available from Analog Devices for a nominal charge. –4– REV. 0 Typical Performance (R = 100 Ω; A = +1, unless otherwise noted) – AD9621 +180 +2 +45 +30 +15 20 0 PHASE –15 MAGNITUDE – dB +45 40 –30 0 –2 0 –45 AV = –1 –4 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY – Hz –180 50 +25 OUT V OUT = 2V p-p POWER SUPPLY AND COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIOS – dB 50 INTERCEPT – +dBm 3rd HARMONIC RL = 100Ω 20 10 –110 2 40 0 60 +2 0 –45 –90 –4 RLOAD = 50Ω AV = 1 RF = 51Ω –135 –180 –8 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 FREQUENCY – MHz +0.06 SETTLING PERCENTAGE RLOAD = 500Ω PHASE – Degrees MAGNITUDE – dB +45 100 10 8 8 +0.08 100Ω +0.06 6pF 0 –0.02 –0.04 V OUT = 2V STEP 4 4 CURRENT 2 2 10 5 10 6 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY – Hz 10M 100M 1G 0 10 20 30 TIME – ns 40 –0.1 50 Figure 11. Short-Term Settling Time MEASURING POINT –0.04 –0.08 0 V OUT = 2V STEP –0.02 –0.06 4 VOLTAGE 23 3 CURRENT TEST CIRCUIT 100Ω 1 10 +2V 0 6pF 10K 100 1K TIME – ns 1 Figure 13. Input Spectral Noise Density 100K Figure 12. Long-Term Settling Time 30 26 40 RS RS 30 1k CL 22 51 18 20 tSETTLING 14 10 19 10 4 FREQUENCY – Hz 10 +0.02 –0.08 SUPPLY CURRENT – mA 6 Hz VOLTAGE 1 50 NOISE CURRENT – pA Hz NOISE VOLTAGE – nV/ PSRR +0.04 –0.06 27 REV. 0 +60 TEST CIRCUIT +0.02 –0.1 450 500 10 10 3 CMRR +55 Figure 9. CMRR and PSRR vs. Frequency +0.04 Figure 10. Frequency Response vs. RLOAD 1 10 2 +50 +0.1 +0.08 +90 6 +45 +70 +0.1 +135 –6 +40 Figure 8. Third Order Intercept +180 0 10 FREQUENCY – MHz 1 Figure 7. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency –2 +35 +65 4 6 10 20 FREQUENCY – MHz SETTLING PERCENTAGE 1 OUTPUT LEVEL – ± Volts –120 3rd HARMONIC RL = 500Ω +30 RS – Ohms dBc 2nd HARMONIC RL = 500Ω 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 FREQUENCY – MHz +20 50 –80 –180 Figure 6. Noninverting Frequency Response 30 –100 AV = 2 –8 40 –90 –90 AV = 4 Figure 5. Inverting Frequency Response –70 –45 –4 –6 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 FREQUENCY – MHz –50 –60 0 AV = 1 –135 –8 Figure 4. Open-Loop Gain and Phase 2nd 2ndHARMONIC HARMONIC RRLL==100Ω 100Ω –2 AV = –2 –60 600M 100M +45 –90 –6 +90 0 –135 –45 –20 10k +180 +135 +90 0 PHASE – Degrees OPEN-LOOP GAIN – dB +60 MAGNITUDE – dB GAIN 60 +2 +135 +75 2 0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE – ±Volts 5.5 Figure 14. Output Level and Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage –5– 1 10 CLOAD – pF Figure 15. Settling Time vs. Capacitive Load 10 100 tSETTLING TO 0.01% – ns +90 PHASE – Degrees 80 V PHASE – Degrees L AD9621 50 0.2V 2V TO 0.01% 0 RLOAD = 100Ω V OUT = 0.4V p-p RLOAD = 100Ω VOUT = 2V p-p 30 20 –0.2V –2V INPUT RISE/FALL TIME = 0.3ns INPUT RISE/FALL TIME = 1.6ns 10 5ns/DIV 5ns/DIV Figure 16. Large Signal Pulse Response Figure 17. Small Signal Pulse Response 1 3 NONINVERTING GAIN 5 C1721–24–10/92 RLOAD = 100Ω V OUT = 5V p-p SETTLING TIME – ns 0 V OUT –40mV/DIV V OUT –0.2V/DIV 40 Figure 18. Settling Time vs. Noninverting Gain MECHANICAL INFORMATION Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). Cerdip (Suffix Q) 0.005 (0.13) MIN Plastic DIP (Suffix N) 0.055 (1.4) MAX 8 8 5 PIN 1 0.310 (7.87) 0.220 (5.59) 1 5 0.240 (6.096) 0.260 (6.604) PIN 1 1 4 4 0.320 (8.13) 0.290 (7.37) 0.290 (7.366) 0.310 (7.874) 0.360 (9.144) 0.400 (10.16) 0.405 (10.29) MAX 0.100 (2.54) BSC 0.015 (0.381) 0.008 (0.204) 0.045 (1.143) 0.065 (2.667) 0.016 (0.406) 0.020(0.508) 0° TO 15° 0.100 (2.54) BSC SEATING PLANE 0°-15° SEATING PLANE Plastic SOIC (Suffix R) 0.196 (5.00) 0.188 (4.75) 0.244 (6.20) 0.228 (5.80) 0.050 (1.27) TYP TOP VIEW PRINTED IN U.S.A. 0.070 (1.78) 0.030 (0.76) 0.023 (0.58) 0.014 (0.36) 0.140 (3.556) MIN 0.015 (0.38) 0.008 (0.20) 0.150 (3.81) MIN 0.200 (5.08) 0.125 (3.18) 0.120 (3.048) 0.140 (3.556) 0.200 (5.08) MAX 0.060 (1.52) 0.015 (0.38) 0.200 (5.08) MAX 0.158 (4.00) 0.150 (3.80) 0.180 (0.46) 0.014 (0.36) 0.206 (5.20) 0.181 (4.60) 0.069 (1.75) 0.053 (1.35) 0.010 (0.25) 0.004 (0.10) 0.015 (0.38) 0.007 (0.18) –6– 0.045 (1.15) 0.020 (0.50) REV. 0