ADC08DL500 ADC08DL500 Low Power, 8-Bit, Dual 500 MSPS A/D Converter Literature Number: SNAS495C ADC08DL500 Low Power, 8-Bit, Dual 500 MSPS A/D Converter General Description Features The ADC08DL500 is a dual, low power, high performance, CMOS analog-to-digital converter. The ADC08DL500 digitizes signals to 8 bits of resolution at sample rates up to 500 MSPS. Consuming a typical 1.2 Watts in demultiplex mode at 500 MSPS from a single 1.9 Volt supply, this device is guaranteed to have no missing codes over the full operating temperature range. The unique folding and interpolating architecture, the fully differential comparator design, the innovative design of the internal sample-and-hold amplifier and the calibration schemes enable a very flat response of all dynamic parameters beyond Nyquist, producing a high 7.2 Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) with a 125 MHz input signal and a 500 MHz sample rate while providing a 10−18 Code Error Rate (C.E.R.) The converter typically consumes 3.3 mW in the Power Down Mode and is available in a lead-free 144-lead LQFP and operates over the modified Industrial (-40°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C) temperature range. ■ Single +1.9V ±0.1V Operation ■ Duty Cycle Corrected Sample Clock Key Specifications ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Resolution Max Conversion Rate Code Error Rate ENOB @ 125 MHz Input DNL Power Consumption — Operating in 1:2 Demux Output — Power Down Mode 8 Bits 500 MSPS 10−18 (typ) 7.2 Bits (typ) ±0.15 LSB (typ) 1.25W (typ) 3.3 mW (typ) Applications ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Satellite Modems Digital Oscilloscopes Direct RF Down Conversion Communications Systems Test Instrumentation Ordering Information Industrial Temperature Range (-40°C < TA < +70°C) NS Package ADC08DL500CIVV/NOPB Lead-free 144-Pin LQFP Block Diagram 30116253 © 2011 National Semiconductor Corporation 301162 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Low Power, 8-Bit, Dual 500 MSPS A/D Converter March 25, 2011 ADC08DL500 Pin Configuration 30116201 www.national.com 2 Pin Functions Pin No. 5 31 Symbol Equivalent Circuit Description Output Voltage Amplitude and Serial Interface Clock. Tie this pin high for normal differential DCLK and data amplitude. Ground this pin for a reduced differential output amplitude and reduced power consumption. When the extended control mode is enabled, this pin functions as the SCLK input which clocks in the serial data. OutV functionality: (Note 16) OutV / SCLK A logic high on the PDQ pin puts only the "Q" ADC into the Power Down mode. PDQ functionality: (Note 16) PDQ OutEdge / DDR / SDATA DCLK Edge Select, Double Data Rate Enable and Serial Data Input. This input sets the output edge of DCLK+ at which the output data transitions. When this pin is floating or connected to 1/2 the supply voltage, DDR clocking is enabled. When the extended control mode is enabled, this pin functions as the SDATA input. OutEdge functionality: (Note 16) 17 DCLK_RST / DCLK_RST+ DCLK Reset. When single-ended DCLK_RST is selected by floating or setting pin 58 logic high, a positive pulse on this pin is used to reset and synchronize the DCLK outputs of multiple converters. When differential DCLK_RST is selected by setting pin 58 logic low, this pin receives the positive polarity of a differential pulse signal used to reset and synchronize the DCLK outputs of multiple converters. DCLK_RST, DCLK_RST+ functionality: (Note 16) 28 PD Power Down Pins. A logic high on the PD pin puts the entire device into the Power Down Mode. PD functionality: (Note 16) 32 CAL Calibration Cycle Initiate. A minimum tCAL_L input clock cycles logic low followed by a minimum of tCAL_H input clock cycles high on this pin initiates the calibration sequence. 6 3 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Pin Descriptions and Equivalent Circuits ADC08DL500 Pin Functions Pin No. Symbol Equivalent Circuit Description FSR/ALT_ECE/ DCLK_RST- Full Scale Range Select, Alternate Extended Control Enable and DCLK_RST-. This pin has three functions. It can conditionally control the ADC full-scale voltage, enable the extended control mode, or become the negative polarity signal of a differential pair in differential DCLK_RST mode. If pin 58 and pin 47 are floating or at logic high, this pin can be used to set the full-scale-range or can be used as an alternate extended control enable pin . When used as the FSR pin, a logic low on this pin sets the full-scale differential input range to a reduced VIN input level. A logic high on this pin sets the full-scale differential input range to a higher VIN input level. To enable the extended control mode, whereby the serial interface and control registers are employed, allow this pin to float or connect it to a voltage equal to VA/2. Note that pin 47 overrides the extended control enable of this pin. When pin 58 is held at logic low, this pin acts as the DCLK_RST- pin. When in differential DCLK_RST mode, there is no pin-controlled FSR and the full-scale-range is defaulted to the higher VIN input level. FSR, ALT_ECE, DCLK_RST- functionality: (Note 16) 141 CalDly / SCS Calibration Delay and Serial Interface Chip Select. With a logic high or low on pin 16, and a logic high on pin 47, this pin functions as Calibration Delay and sets the number of input clock cycles after power up before calibration begins With pin 16 floating, and a logic low on pin 47, this pin acts as the enable pin for the serial interface input and the CalDly value becomes "0" (short delay with no provision for a long power-up calibration delay). CalDly functionality: (Note 16) 20 21 CLK+ CLK− LVDS Clock input pins for the ADC. The differential clock signal must be a.c. coupled to these pins. The input signal is sampled on the falling edge of CLK+. 16 VINI+ VINI− 13 12 24 25 www.national.com Analog signal inputs to the ADC. The differential full-scale input range of this input is programmable using the FSR pin 16 in normal mode and the Input Full-Scale Voltage Adjust register in the extended control mode. Refer to the VIN specification in the Converter Electrical Characteristics for the full-scale input range in the normal mode. VINQ+ VINQ− 4 Pin No. Symbol Equivalent Circuit Description 9 VCMO Common Mode Voltage. This pin is the common mode output in d.c. coupling mode and also serves as the a.c. coupling mode select pin. When d.c. coupling is used, the voltage output at this pin is required to be the common mode input voltage at VIN+ and VIN− when d.c. coupling is used. This pin should be grounded when a.c. coupling is used at the analog inputs. This pin is capable of sourcing or sinking 100 μA. 33 VBG Bandgap output voltage capable of 100 μA source/sink and can drive a load up to 80 pF. VBG functionality: (Note 16) 140 CalRun Calibration Running indication. This pin is at a logic high when calibration is running. CalRun functionality: (Note 16) 34 REXT External bias resistor connection. Nominal value is 4.7 kΩ (±0.1%) to ground. 40 41 47 58 Tdiode_P Tdiode_N Temperature Diode Positive (Anode) and Negative (Cathode). These pins may be used for die temperature measurements, however no specified accuracy is implied or guaranteed. Noise coupling from adjacent output data signals has been shown to affect temperature measurements using this feature. Tdiode_P, Tdiode_N functionality: (Note 16) ECE Extended Control Enable. This pin always enables and disables Extended Control Enable. When this pin is set logic high, the extended control mode is inactive and all control of the device must be through control pins only . When it is set logic low, the extended control mode is active. This pin overrides the Extended Control Enable signal set using pin 16. DRST_SEL DCLK_RST select. This pin selects whether the DCLK is reset using a single-ended or differential signal. When this pin is floating or logic high, the DCLK_RST operation is single-ended and pin 16 functions as FSR/ALT_ECE. When this pin is logic low, the DCLK_RST operation becomes differential with functionality on pin 17 (DCLK_RST+) and pin 16 (DCLK_RST-). When in differential DCLK_RST mode, there is no pin-controlled FSR and the full-scale-range is defaulted to the higher VIN input level. When pin 47 is set logic low, the extended control mode is active and the FullScale Voltage Adjust registers can be programmed. DRST_SEL functionality: (Note 16) 5 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Pin Functions ADC08DL500 Pin Functions Pin No. Symbol 93 / 88 94 / 87 95 / 86 96 / 85 99 / 82 100 / 81 101 / 80 102 / 79 103 / 78 104 / 77 105 / 76 106 / 75 114 / 67 115 / 66 116 / 65 117 / 64 DI7− / DQ7− DI7+ / DQ7+ DI6− / DQ6− DI6+ / DQ6+ DI5− / DQ5− DI5+ / DQ5+ DI4− / DQ4− DI4+ / DQ4+ DI3− / DQ3− DI3+ / DQ3+ DI2− / DQ2− DI2+ / DQ2+ DI1− / DQ1− DI1+ / DQ1+ DI0− / DQ0− DI0+ / DQ0+ I and Q channel LVDS Data Outputs that are not delayed in the output demultiplexer. Compared with the DId and DQd outputs, these outputs represent the later time samples. These outputs should always be terminated with a 100 Ω differential resistor. 118 / 63 119 / 62 120 / 61 121 / 60 125 / 56 126 / 55 127 / 54 128 / 53 129 / 52 130 / 51 131 / 50 132 / 49 136 / 45 137 / 44 138 / 43 139 / 42 DId7− / DQd7− DId7+ / DQd7+ DId6− / DQd6− DId6+ / DQd6+ DId5− / DQd5− DId5+ / DQd5+ DId4− / DQd4− DId4+ / DQd4+ DId3− / DQd3− DId3+ / DQd3+ DId2− / DQd2− DId2+ / DQd2+ DId1− / DQd1− DId1+ / DQd1+ DId0− / DQd0− DId0+ / DQd0+ I and Q channel LVDS Data Outputs that are delayed by one CLK cycle in the output demultiplexer. Compared with the DI/DQ outputs, these outputs represent the earlier time sample. These outputs should be terminated with a 100 Ω differential resistor when enabled. In non-demultiplexed mode, these outputs are disabled and are high impedance when enabled. When disabled, these outputs must be left floating. OR+/DCLK2+ OR-/DCLK2- Out Of Range output. A differential high at these pins indicates that the differential input is out of range (outside the range ±VIN/2 as programmed by the FSR pin in nonextended control mode or the Input Full-Scale Voltage Adjust register setting in the extended control mode). DCLK2 is the exact mirror of DCLK and should output the same signal at the same rate. DCLK2+/- functionality: (Note 16) DCLK+ DCLK- Data Clock. Differential Clock outputs used to latch the output data. Delayed and non-delayed data outputs are supplied synchronous to this signal. In 1:2 demultiplexed mode, this signal is at 1/2 the input clock rate in SDR mode and at 1/4 the input clock rate in the DDR mode. By default, the DCLK outputs are not active during the termination resistor trim section of the calibration cycle. If a system requires DCLK to run continuously during a calibration cycle, the termination resistor trim portion of the cycle can be disabled by setting the Resistor Trim Disable (RTD) bit to logic high in the Extended Configuration Register (address 9h). This disables all subsequent termination resistor trims after the initial trim which occurs during the power on calibration. Therefore, this output is not recommended as a system clock unless the resistor trim is disabled. When the device is in the non-demultiplexed mode, DCLK can only be in DDR mode and the signal is at 1/2 the input clock rate. 89 90 92 91 www.national.com Equivalent Circuit Description 6 Pin No. Symbol Equivalent Circuit 4, 7, 10, 15, 18, 19, 22, 27, 30, 39, 142 Description VA NONE Analog power supply pins. Bypass these pins to ground. 46, 57, 68, 83, 98, 113, 124, 135 VDR NONE Output Driver power supply pins. Bypass these pins to DR GND. 2, 3, 8, 11, 14, 23, 26, 29, 35 GND NONE Ground return for VA. 48, 59, 70, 74, 84, 97, 107, 111, 122, 133 DR GND NONE Ground return for VDR. 1, 36, 37, 38, 69, 71, 72, 73, 108, 109, 110, 143, 144 NC NONE Not Connected. These pins are not bonded and may be left floating or connected to any potential. 112, 123, 134 DNC NONE Do Not Connect. These pins are used for internal purposes and should not be connected, i.e. left floating. Do not ground. 7 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Pin Functions ADC08DL500 Absolute Maximum Ratings Operating Ratings Ambient Temperature Range (Note 23) Supply Voltage (VA) Driver Supply Voltage (VDR) Common Mode Input Voltage VIN+, VIN− Voltage Range (Maintaining Common Mode) (Note 1, Note 2) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Supply Voltage (VA, VDR) Supply Difference VDR - VA Voltage on Any Input Pin (Except VIN+, VIN- ) Voltage on VIN+, VIN(Maintaining Common Mode) Ground Difference |GND - DR GND| Input Current at Any Pin (Note 3) Package Input Current (Note 3) Junction Temperature 2.2V 0V to 100 mV −0.15V to (VA +0.15V) ESD Susceptibility (Note 4) Human Body Model Machine Model Charged Device Model Storage Temperature (Note 1, Note 2) −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C +1.8V to +2.0V +1.8V to VA VCMO ± 50 mV 0V to 2.15V (100% duty cycle) 0V to 2.5V (10% duty cycle) Ground Difference (|GND − DR GND|) CLK Pins Voltage Range Differential CLK Amplitude Common Mode Input Voltage -0.15 to 2.5V 0V to 100 mV ±25 mA ±50 mA 0V 0V to VA 0.4VP-P to 2.0VP-P VCMO - 50mV < VCMI < VCMO + 50mV Package Thermal Resistance TJ ≤ 145°C 2500V 250V 1000V −65°C to +150°C Package θJA θJC psiJB 144-Lead, LQFP 43.6°C / W 12.5°C / W 39.0°C / W Soldering process must comply with National Semiconductor’s Reflow Temperature Profile specifications. Refer to www.national.com/packaging. (Note 5) Converter Electrical Characteristics The following specifications apply after calibration for VA = VDR = 1.9V; OutV = 1.9V; VIN FSR (a.c. coupled) = differential 840 mVP-P; CL = 10 pF; Differential, a.c. coupled Sine Wave Input Clock, fCLK = 500 MHz at 0.5 VP-P with 50% duty cycle; VBG = Floating; Extended Control Mode default values; DDR 0° Mode; REXT = 4700 Ω ±0.1%; 1:2 Output Demultiplex; Duty Cycle Stabilizer on. Boldface limits apply for TA = TMIN to TMAX. All other limits TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. (Note 6, Note 7). TABLE 1. Static Converter Characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Resolution with No Missing Codes Lim Units (Limits) 8 Bits INL Integral Non-Linearity (Best fit) DC Coupled, 1 MHz Sine Wave Overanged, SDR, Non-ECM, FSR = High ±0.3 ±0.9 LSB (max) DNL Differential Non-Linearity DC Coupled, 1 MHz Sine Wave Overanged, SDR, Non-ECM, FSR = High ±0.15 ±0.75 LSB (max) VOFF Offset Error SDR, Non-ECM Mode −0.45 LSB VOFF_ADJ Input Offset Adjustment Range Extended Control Mode (Note 18) ±45 mV PFSE Positive Full-Scale Error (Note 9) ±25 mV (max) NFSE Negative Full-Scale Error (Note 9) ±25 mV (max) Out of Range Output Code (VIN+) − (VIN−) > + Full Scale 255 (VIN+) − (VIN−) < − Full Scale 0 www.national.com 8 Symbol Parameter FPBW Full Power Bandwidth Gain Flatness Conditions Typ Lim Units (Limits) 2.0 GHz d.c. to 248 MHz ±0.8 dBFS d.c. to 500 MHz ±1.0 dBFS 10−18 Error/ Sample C.E.R. Code Error Rate NPR Noise Power Ratio (Note 21) 38.4 dB IMD3 3rd order Intermodulation Distortion fIN1 =111.47 MHz @ −7dBFS fIN2 =121.47 MHz @ −7dBFS 71.4 dBFS Noise Floor (Note 22) Effective Number of Bits AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 7.2 AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 7.2 Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS Ratio AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 45.1 64.4 dBc -135.4 dBm/Hz -133.3 ENOB SINAD SNR THD 2nd Harm 3rd Harm SFDR Signal-to-Noise Ratio dBFS/Hz 6.8 bits bits (min) 42.4 45.1 dB dB (min) AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 46 AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 46 AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS −52 AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS -52 dB (max) AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS −63 dB AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS -63 dB AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS −65 dB AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS -65 dB Spurious-Free dynamic Range AIN = 125 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 55 AIN = 248 MHz @ -0.5dBFS 55 Total Harmonic Distortion Second Harmonic Distortion Third Harmonic Distortion 9 43.5 dB dB (min) -49 49 dB dB dB (min) www.national.com ADC08DL500 TABLE 2. Dynamic Converter Characteristics ADC08DL500 TABLE 3. Analog Input/Output and Reference Characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Lim Units (Limits) 900 mVP-P Analog Inputs VIN_FSR Analog Differential Input Full Scale Range Non-Extended Control Mode (Note 16) FSR Pin High, SDR 840 FSR Pin Low, SDR 650 mVP-P FS_ADJ(15:7) = 1111 1111 1b 840 mVP-P FS_ADJ(15:7) = 1000 0000 0b (default) 700 mVP-P Extended Control Mode (Note 18) CIN RIN FS_ADJ(15:7) = 0000 0000 0b 560 mVP-P Analog Input Capacitance (Note 10, Note 11, Note 20) Differential 0.02 pF Each input pin to ground 1.6 pF Differential Input Resistance Measured at D.C. 140 Ω Common Mode Output VCMO Common Mode Output Voltage ICMO = ±100 µA 1.26 0.9 V (min) 1.6 V (max) Bandgap Reference VBG Bandgap Reference Output Voltage IBG = ±100 µA TC_VBG Bandgap Reference Voltage Temperature Coefficient TA = −40°C to +70°C, IBG = ±100 µA CLOAD VBG Maximum Bandgap Reference load Capacitance www.national.com 1.26 V 28 ppm/°C 80 10 pF Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Offset Match X-TALK Lim Units (Limits) 1 LSB Positive Full-Scale Match Zero offset selected in Control Register 1 LSB Negative Full-Scale Match Zero offset selected in Control Register 1 LSB Phase Matching (I, Q) fIN = 500 MHz <1 Degree Crosstalk from I (Aggressor) to Aggressor = 467 MHz F.S. Q (Victim) Channel Victim = 100 MHz F.S. −65 dB Crosstalk from Q (Aggressor) to Aggressor = 467 MHz F.S. I (Victim) Channel Victim = 100 MHz F.S. −65 dB TABLE 5. Sampling Clock Characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Lim Units (Limits) VIN_CLK Differential Clock Input Level Sine Wave Clock 0.6 0.4 VP-P (min) 2.0 VP-P (max) 0.4 VP-P (min) 2.0 VP-P (max) Square Wave Clock 0.6 RIN_CLK Sampling Clock Input Impedance Measured at D.C. 100 Ω CIN_CLK Input Capacitance (Note 10, Note 11) Differential 0.02 pF Each input to ground 1.5 pF 1.2 V VOSI Input Offset Voltage 11 www.national.com ADC08DL500 TABLE 4. I-Channel to Q-Channel Characteristics ADC08DL500 TABLE 6. Digital Control and Output Pin Characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Lim Units (Limits) 0.69 x VA V (min) Digital Control Pins VIH Logic High Input Voltage (Note PD,CAL, OutV, PDQ, ECEb, 12) DRST_SEL VIL Logic Low Input Voltage (Note PD,CAL, OutV, PDQ, ECEb, 12) DRST_SEL OUTEDGE, FSR, CalDly OUTEDGE, FSR, CalDly CIN_DIG Input Capacitance (Note 11, Note 13) 0.815 x VA V (min) 0.28 x VA V (max) 0.21 x VA V (max) Each input to ground 1.2 pF Measured differentially, OutV = VA, VBG = Floating (Note 15, Note 16) 590 Measured differentially, OutV = GND, VBG = Floating (Note 15, Note 16) 432 mVP-P ±1 mV VBG = Floating 0.8 V VBG = VA (Note 15, Note 16) 1.2 V ±1 mV ±4 mA Digital Output Pins VOD LVDS Differential Output Voltage 400 mVP-P (min) 850 mVP-P (max) ΔVO DIFF Change in LVDS Output Swing Between Logic Levels VOS Output Offset Voltage ΔVOS Output Offset Voltage Change Between Logic Levels IOS Output Short Circuit Current ZO Differential Output Impedance 100 Ω VOH CalRun H level output IOH = −400 µA (Note 12) 1.65 V VOL CalRun L level output IOH = 400 µA (Note 12) 0.15 V Output+ & Output− connected to 0.8V Differential DCLK Reset Pins (DCLK_RST) (Note 17) VCMI_DRST DCLK_RST Common Mode Input Voltage 1.25 V VID_DRST Differential DCLK_RST Input Voltage VIN_CLK VP-P RIN_DRST Differential DCLK_RST Input Resistance 100 Ω TABLE 7. Power Supply Characteristics Typ Lim Units (Limits) PD = Low 494 650 mA (max) PD = High 1.7 Symbol Parameter Conditions IA Analog Supply Current 1:2 Demux Output IDR PC www.national.com Output Driver Supply Current Power Consumption mA 1:2 Demux Output PD = Low 168 PD = High 0.054 275 mA (max) mA 1:2 Demux Output PD = Low 1.25 PD = High 3.3 12 1.61 W (max) mW Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Lim Units (Limits) Sampling Clock (CLK) fCLK (max) Maximum Sampling Clock Frequency 500 MHz fCLK (min) Minimum Sampling Clock Frequency 200 MHz Sampling Clock Duty Cycle 200 MHz ≤ fCLK ≤ 500 MHz (Note 12) 50 20 % (min) 80 % (max) tCL Sampling Clock Low Time (Note 11) 1000 400 ps (min) tCH Sampling Clock High Time (Note 11) 1000 400 ps (min) DCLK_RST (Note 17) tSR Setup Time DCLK_RST± (Note 12) Differential DCLK_RST 90 ps tHR Hold Time DCLK_RST± (Note 12) Differential DCLK_RST 30 ps tPWR Pulse Width DCLK_RST± (Note 11) 4 CLK± Cycles (min) Data Clock (DCLK) DCLK Duty Cycle (Note 11) 50 45 % (min) 55 % (max) tLHT Differential Low-to-High Transition Time 10% to 90% 150 ps tHLT Differential High-to-Low Transition Time 10% to 90% 150 ps tOSK DCLK-to-Data Output Skew 50% of DCLK transition to 50% of Data transition ±50 ps tSU Data-to-DCLK Set-Up Time DDR Mode, 90° DCLK (Note 11) 750 ps tH DCLK-to-Data Hold Time DDR Mode, 90° DCLK (Note 11) 890 ps Input CLK+ Fall to Acquisition of Data 1.6 ns 0.4 ps (rms) 4.0 ns Data Input-to-Output tAD Sampling (Aperture) Delay tAJ Aperture Jitter tOD Input Clock-to Data Output Delay (in addition to Pipeline Delay) tLAT Pipeline Delay (Latency) in 1:2 DI Outputs Demux Mode DId Outputs (Note 11, Note 14) DQ Outputs 50% of Input Clock transition to 50% of Data transition 13 14 13 DQd Outputs 14 Pipeline Delay (Latency) in Non-Demux Mode (Note 11, Note 14) DI Outputs 13 DQ Outputs 13 tORR Over Range Recovery Time Differential VIN step from ±1.2V to 0V to get accurate conversion tWU PD low to Rated Accuracy Conversion (Wake-Up Time) (Note 11) 13 Sampling Clock Cycles 1 Sampling Clock Cycle 500 ns www.national.com ADC08DL500 TABLE 8. AC Electrical Characteristics ADC08DL500 TABLE 9. Serial Port Interface Symbol Parameter Conditions fSCLK Serial Clock Frequency (Note 11) Typ Lim 15 Units (Limits) MHz Serial Clock Low Time 33.3 ns (min) Serial Clock High Time 33.3 ns (min) tSSU Serial Data to Serial Clock Rising Setup Time (Note 11) 2.5 ns (min) tSH Serial Data to Serial Clock Rising Hold Time (Note 11) 1 ns (min) tSCS CS to Serial Clock Rising Setup Time 2.5 ns tHCS CS to Serial Clock Falling Hold Time 1.5 ns TABLE 10. Calibration Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Lim tCAL Calibration Cycle Time Rtrim enabled 1.4 x 106 1.62 x 106 Rtrim disabled 106 106 1.2 x 1.35 x tCAL_L CAL Pin Low Time (Note 11) 1280 tCAL_H CAL Pin High Time (Note 11) 1280 tCalDly Calibration Delay determined by CalDly pin (Note 11) CalDly = Low (Note 16) 226 CalDly = High (Note 16) 232 Units (Limits) Clock Cycles (max) Clock Cycles (min) Clock Cycles (max) Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. There is no guarantee of operation at the Absolute Maximum Ratings. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. Note 2: All voltages are measured with respect to GND = DR GND = 0V, unless otherwise specified. Note 3: When the input voltage at any pin exceeds the power supply limits (that is, less than GND or greater than VA), the current at that pin should be limited to 25 mA. The 50 mA maximum package input current rating limits the number of pins that can safely exceed the power supplies with an input current of 25 mA to two. This limit is not placed upon the power, ground and digital output pins. Note 4: Human body model is 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Machine model is 220 pF discharged through ZERO Ohms. Charged device model simulates a pin slowly acquiring charge (such as from a device sliding down the feeder in an automated assembler) then rapidly being discharged. Note 5: Reflow temperature profiles are different for lead-free and non-lead-free packages. Note 6: The analog inputs are protected as shown below. Input voltage magnitudes beyond the Absolute Maximum Ratings may damage this device. 30116204 Note 7: To guarantee accuracy, it is required that VA and VDR be well bypassed. Each supply pin must be decoupled with separate bypass capacitors. Additionally, achieving rated performance requires that the backside exposed pad be well grounded. Note 8: Typical figures are at TA = 25°C, and represent most likely parametric norms. Test limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level). www.national.com 14 Note 10: The analog and clock input capacitances are die capacitances only. Additional package capacitances of 0.65 pF differential and 0.95 pF each pin to ground are isolated from the die capacitances by lead and bond wire inductances. Note 11: This parameter is guaranteed by design and is not tested in production. Note 12: This parameter is guaranteed by design and/or characterization and is not tested in production. Note 13: The digital control pin capacitances are die capacitances only. Additional package capacitance of 1.6 pF each pin to ground are isolated from the die capacitances by lead and bond wire inductances. Note 14: Each of the two converters of the ADC08DL500 has two LVDS output buses, which each clock data out at one half the sample rate. The data at each bus is clocked out at one half the sample rate. The second bus (D0 through D7) has a pipeline latency that is one Input Clock cycle less than the latency of the first bus (Dd0 through Dd7) in 1:2 demux mode. Note 15: Tying VBG to the supply rail will increase the output offset voltage (VOS) by 400 mV (typical), as shown in the VOS specification above. Tying VBG to the supply rail will also affect the differential LVDS output voltage (VOD), causing it to increase by 40 mV (typical). Note 16: This pin/bit functionality is not tested in production test; performance is tested in the specified/default mode only. Note 17: This feature functionality is not tested in production test; performance is tested in the specified/default mode only. Note 18: Only the end points of the range, not the full sweep, are tested in production test. Note 19: Coarse and intermediate step size are tested in major steps only in production test; fine step size is not tested. Note 20: The differential and pin-to-ground input capacitances are lumped capacitance values from design; they are defined as shown below. 30116268 Note 21: The NPR was measured using an Agilent N6030A Arbitrary Waveform Generator (ARB) to generate the input signal. The "noise" portion of the signal was created by tones spaced at 500 kHz and the "notch" was a 12.5 MHz absence of tones centered at 175 MHz. Note 22: For the case where the inputs are shorted or terminted with 50Ω, the LSB of the ADC never transitions because the Noise Floor is limited by quantization noise, not thermal noise. Therefore, the Noise Floor was measured with a low-level wideband input from 10 MHz to 30 MHz; the noise floor was measured in the band from 126 MHz to 175 MHz. Note 23: The 4-layer standard JEDEC thermal test board or 4LJEDEC is 4"x3" in size. The board has two embedded copper layers which cover roughly the same size as the board. The copper thickness for the four layers, starting from the top one, is 2 oz., 1 oz., 1 oz., 2 oz. Detailed description of the board can be found in the JESD 51-7 standard. 15 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Note 9: Calculation of Full-Scale Error for this device assumes that the actual reference voltage is exactly its nominal value. Full-Scale Error for this device, therefore, is a combination of Full-Scale Error and Reference Voltage Error. For relationship between Gain Error and Full-Scale Error, see Specification Definitions for Gain Error. ADC08DL500 Specification Definitions APERTURE (SAMPLING) DELAY is the amount of delay, measured from the sampling edge of the Clock input, after which the signal present at the input pin is sampled inside the device. APERTURE JITTER (tAJ) is the variation in aperture delay from sample to sample. Aperture jitter shows up as input noise. CODE ERROR RATE (C.E.R.) is the probability of error and is defined as the probable number of word errors on the ADC output per unit of time divided by the number of words seen in that amount of time. A C.E.R. of 10-18 corresponds to a statistical error in one word about every four (4) years. CLOCK DUTY CYCLE is the ratio of the time that the clock waveform is at a logic high to the total time of one clock period. DIFFERENTIAL NON-LINEARITY (DNL) is the measure of the maximum deviation from the ideal step size of 1 LSB. Measured at sample rate = 500 MSPS with a 1MHz input sinewave. EFFECTIVE NUMBER OF BITS (ENOB, or EFFECTIVE BITS) is another method of specifying Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio, or SINAD. ENOB is defined as (SINAD − 1.76) / 6.02 and says that the converter is equivalent to a perfect ADC of this (ENOB) number of bits. FULL POWER BANDWIDTH (FPBW) is a measure of the frequency at which the reconstructed output fundamental drops 3 dB below its low frequency value for a full-scale input. GAIN ERROR is the deviation from the ideal slope of the transfer function. It can be calculated from Offset and FullScale Errors: Positive Gain Error = Offset Error − Positive Full-Scale Error Negative Gain Error = −(Offset Error − Negative FullScale Error) Gain Error = Negative Full-Scale Error − Positive FullScale Error = Positive Gain Error + Negative Gain Error INTEGRAL NON-LINEARITY (INL) is a measure of worst case deviation of the ADC transfer function from an ideal straight line drawn through the ADC transfer function. The deviation of any given code from this straight line is measured from the center of that code value step. The best fit method is used INTERMODULATION DISTORTION (IMD) is the creation of additional spectral components as a result of two sinusoidal frequencies being applied to the ADC input at the same time. It is defined as the ratio of the power in the second and third order intermodulation products to the power in one of the original frequencies. IMD is usually expressed in dBFS. LSB (LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT) is the bit that has the smallest value or weight of all bits. This value is 30116246 FIGURE 1. LVDS OUTPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (VOS) is the midpoint between the D+ and D− pins output voltage with respect to ground, i.e., [(VD+) + ( VD−)] / 2. MISSING CODES are those output codes that are skipped and will never appear at the ADC outputs. These codes cannot be reached with any input value. MSB (MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT) is the bit that has the largest value or weight. Its value is one half of full scale. NEGATIVE FULL-SCALE ERROR (NFSE) is a measure of how far the first code transition is from the ideal 1/2 LSB above a differential −VIN/2. For the ADC08DL500 the reference voltage is assumed to be ideal, so this error is a combination of full-scale error and reference voltage error. OFFSET ERROR (VOFF) is a measure of how far the midscale point is from the ideal zero voltage differential input. Offset Error = Actual Input causing average of 8k samples to result in an average code of 127.5. OUTPUT DELAY (tOD) is the time delay (in addition to Pipeline Delay) after the falling edge of CLK+ before the data update is present at the output pins. OVER-RANGE RECOVERY TIME is the time required after the differential input voltages goes from ±1.2V to 0V for the converter to recover and make a conversion with its rated accuracy. PIPELINE DELAY (LATENCY) is the number of input clock cycles between initiation of conversion and when that data is presented to the output driver stage. New data is available at every clock cycle, but the data lags the conversion by the Pipeline Delay plus the tOD. POSITIVE FULL-SCALE ERROR (PFSE) is a measure of how far the last code transition is from the ideal 1-1/2 LSB below a differential +VIN/2. For the ADC08DL500 the reference voltage is assumed to be ideal, so this error is a combination of full-scale error and reference voltage error. POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (PSRR) can be one of two specifications. PSRR1 (DC PSRR) is the ratio of the change in full-scale error that results from a power supply voltage change from 1.8V to 2.0V. PSRR2 (AC PSRR) is a measure of how well an a.c. signal injected on the power supply is rejected from the output and is measured with a 125 MHz, 50 mVP-P signal riding upon the power supply. It is the ratio of the output amplitude of that signal at the output to its amplitude on the power supply pin. PSRR is expressed in dB. SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO (SNR) is the ratio, expressed in dB, of the rms value of the input signal at the output to the rms value of the sum of all other spectral components below onehalf the sampling frequency, not including harmonics or d.c. SIGNAL TO NOISE PLUS DISTORTION (S/(N+D) or SINAD) is the ratio, expressed in dB, of the rms value of the input signal at the output to the rms value of all of the other VFS / 2N where VFS is the differential full-scale amplitude VIN as set by the FSR input and "n" is the ADC resolution in bits, and which is 8 for the ADC08DL500. LOW VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALING (LVDS) DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (VID and VOD) is two times the absolute value of the difference between the VD+ and VD − signals; each measured with respect to Ground. www.national.com 16 where Af1 is the RMS power of the fundamental (output) frequency and Af2 through Af10 are the RMS power of the first 9 harmonic frequencies in the output spectrum. – Second Harmonic Distortion (2nd Harm) is the difference, expressed in dB, between the RMS power in the input frequency seen at the output and the power in its 2nd harmonic level at the output. – Third Harmonic Distortion (3rd Harm) is the difference expressed in dB between the RMS power in the input frequency seen at the output and the power in its 3rd harmonic level at the output. 17 www.national.com ADC08DL500 spectral components below half the input clock frequency, including harmonics but excluding d.c. SPURIOUS-FREE DYNAMIC RANGE (SFDR) is the difference, expressed in dB, between the rms values of the input signal at the output and the peak spurious signal, where a spurious signal is any signal present in the output spectrum that is not present at the input, excluding d.c. TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) is the ratio expressed in dB, of the rms total of the first nine harmonic levels at the output to the level of the fundamental at the output. THD is calculated as ADC08DL500 Transfer Characteristic 30116222 FIGURE 2. Input / Output Transfer Characteristic www.national.com 18 ADC08DL500 Timing Diagrams 30116214 FIGURE 3. ADC08DL500 Timing — SDR Clocking in 1:2 Demultiplexed Mode 30116259 FIGURE 4. ADC08DL500 Timing — DDR Clocking in 1:2 Demultiplexed Mode 19 www.national.com ADC08DL500 30116261 FIGURE 5. ADC08DL500 Timing — DDR Clocking in Non-Demultiplexed Mode 30116219 FIGURE 6. Serial Interface Timing 30116220 FIGURE 7. Clock Reset Timing in DDR Mode www.national.com 20 ADC08DL500 30116223 FIGURE 8. Clock Reset Timing in SDR Mode with OUTEDGE Low 30116224 FIGURE 9. Clock Reset Timing in SDR Mode with OUTEDGE High 30116225 FIGURE 10. Power-up Calibration and On-Command Calibration Timing 21 www.national.com INL vs. CODE INL vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 30116264 30116265 DNL vs. CODE DNL vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 30116266 30116267 POWER CONSUMPTION vs. CLOCK FREQUENCY ENOB vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 1.6 8 1.4 7 ENOB POWER (W) ADC08DL500 Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VDR = 1.9V, fCLK = 500 MHz, fIN = 125 MHz, TA= 25°C, I channel, 1:2 Demux Mode (1:1 Demux Mode has similar performance), unless otherwise stated. 1.2 6 1.0 0.8 5 0 100 200 300 400 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 500 -50 30116281 www.national.com 0 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 30116276 22 ADC08DL500 ENOB vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE ENOB vs. CLOCK FREQUENCY 8 7 7 ENOB ENOB 8 6 6 5 5 1.7 1.8 1.9 VA (V) 2.0 2.1 0 100 200 300 400 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 500 30116277 30116278 ENOB vs. INPUT FREQUENCY SNR vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 48 7 46 ENOB SNR (dB) 8 6 44 5 42 0 250 500 750 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 -50 0 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 30116279 30116299 SNR vs. CLOCK FREQUENCY 48 46 46 SNR (dB) SNR (dB) SNR vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 48 44 44 42 1.7 100 42 1.8 1.9 VA (V) 2.0 2.1 0 30116269 100 200 300 400 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 500 30116270 23 www.national.com ADC08DL500 SNR vs. INPUT FREQUENCY THD vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 48 -40 THD (dBc) SNR (dB) -45 46 -50 44 -55 42 -60 0 250 500 750 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 -50 0 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 30116271 30116272 THD vs. CLOCK FREQUENCY -40 -40 -45 -45 THD (dBc) THD (dBc) THD vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE -50 -55 -50 -55 -60 -60 1.7 1.8 1.9 VA (V) 2.0 2.1 0 100 200 300 400 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 500 30116273 30116274 SFDR vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 60 -45 55 SFDR (dBc) THD (dBc) THD vs. INPUT FREQUENCY -40 -50 -55 45 -60 40 0 250 500 750 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 -50 30116275 www.national.com 50 0 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 30116285 24 60 55 55 SFDR (dBc) SFDR (dBc) SFDR vs. CLOCK FREQUENCY 60 50 50 45 45 40 40 1.7 1.8 1.9 VA (V) 2.0 ADC08DL500 SFDR vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 2.1 0 100 200 300 400 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 500 30116284 30116282 SFDR vs. INPUT FREQUENCY GAIN STABILITY vs. DIE TEMPERATURE 60 SFDR (dBc) 55 50 45 40 0 250 500 750 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 30116283 30116295 SIGNAL GAIN vs. INPUT FREQUENCY CROSSTALK vs. SOURCE FREQUENCY 30116298 30116263 25 www.national.com SPECTRAL RESPONSE AT fIN = 248 MHz 0 0 -20 -20 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) MAGNITUDE (dBFS) ADC08DL500 SPECTRAL RESPONSE AT fIN = 125 MHz -40 -60 -80 -60 -80 -100 -100 0 50 100 150 200 FREQUENCY (MHz) 250 0 30116287 www.national.com -40 50 100 150 200 FREQUENCY (MHz) 250 30116288 26 NOT ALL OF THE PINS, BITS, AND FEATURES WHICH ARE MENTIONED IN THIS SECTION ARE TESTED IN PRODUCTION TEST. SEE (Note 16, Note 17, Note 18, Note 19) IN THE PIN DESCRIPTIONS, THE CONVERTER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, Table 13, Table 14, AND THE REGISTER DESCRIPTION FOR A DETAILED EXPLANATION OF WHAT IS TESTED. IF THE SYSTEM APPLICATION REQUIRES ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE PRODUCT TO BE TESTED, CONTACT YOUR NATIONAL SALES REPRESENTATIVE. The ADC08DL500 is a versatile A/D Converter with an innovative architecture permitting very high speed operation. The controls available ease the application of the device to circuit solutions. Optimum performance requires adherence to the provisions discussed here and in the Applications Information Section. While it is generally poor practice to allow an active pin to float, pins 6 and 16 of the ADC08DL500 are designed to be left floating without jeopardy. In all discussions throughout this data sheet, whenever a function is called by allowing a control pin to float, connecting that pin to a potential of one half the VA supply voltage will have the same effect as allowing it to float. 1.1 OVERVIEW The ADC08DL500 uses a calibrated folding and interpolating architecture that achieves 7.2 effective bits. The use of folding amplifiers greatly reduces the number of comparators and power consumption. Interpolation reduces the number of front-end amplifiers required, minimizing the load on the input signal and further reducing power requirements. In addition to other things, on-chip calibration reduces the INL bow often seen with folding architectures. The result is an extremely fast, high performance, low power converter. The analog input signal that is within the converter's input voltage range is digitized to eight bits at speeds of 200 MSPS to 500 MSPS. Differential input voltages below negative fullscale will cause the output word to consist of all zeroes. Differential input voltages above positive full-scale will cause the output word to consist of all ones. Either of these conditions at either the "I" or "Q" input will cause the OR (Out of Range) output to be activated. This single OR output indicates when the output code from one or both of the channels is below negative full scale or above positive full scale. Each converter has a selectable output demultiplexer which feeds two LVDS buses. If the 1:2 demultiplexed mode is selected, the output data rate is reduced to half the input sample rate on each bus. When non-demultiplexed mode is selected, that output data rate on channels DI and DQ are at the same rate as the input sample clock. The output levels may be selected to be normal or reduced. Using reduced levels saves power but could result in erroneous data capture of some or all of the bits, especially at higher sample rates and in marginally designed systems. 1.1.2 Acquiring the Input In 1:2 demux mode, data is acquired at the falling edge of CLK + (pin 20) and the digital equivalent of that data is available at the digital outputs 13 input clock cycles later for the DI and DQ output buses and 14 input clock cycles later for the DId and DQd output buses. There is an additional internal delay called tOD before the data is available at the outputs. See the Timing Diagram. The ADC08DL500 will convert as long as the input clock signal is present. The fully differential comparator design and the innovative design of the sample-andhold amplifier, together with calibration, enables a very flat SINAD/ENOB response beyond 1 GHz. The ADC08DL500 output data signaling is LVDS and the output format is offset binary. 1.1.1 Calibration A calibration is performed upon power-up and can also be invoked by the user upon command. Calibration trims the analog input differential termination resistor and minimizes full-scale error, offset error, DNL and INL, resulting in maximizing SNR, THD, SINAD (SNDR) and ENOB. Internal bias currents are also set with the calibration process. All of this is true whether the calibration is performed upon power up or is performed upon command. Running the calibration is an im- 1.1.3 Control Modes Much of the user control can be accomplished with several control pins that are provided. Examples include initiation of the calibration cycle, power down mode and full scale range setting. However, the ADC08DL500 also provides an Extend27 www.national.com ADC08DL500 portant part of this chip's functionality and is required in order to obtain adequate performance. In addition to the requirement to be run at power-up, an on-command calibration must be run whenever the sense of the FSR pin is changed. For best performance, we recommend that an on-command calibration be run 20 seconds or more after application of power and whenever the operating temperature changes significantly relative to the specific system performance requirements. See 2.4.2.2 On-Command Calibration for more information. Calibration can not be initiated or run while the device is in the power-down mode. See 1.1.7 Power Down for information on the interaction between Power Down and Calibration. In normal operation, calibration is performed just after application of power and whenever a valid calibration command is given, which is holding the CAL pin low for at least tCAL_L clock cycles, then hold it high for at least another tCAL_H clock cycles as defined in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. The time taken by the calibration procedure is specified as tCALin Converter Electrical Characteristics. Holding the CAL pin high upon power up will prevent the calibration process from running until the CAL pin experiences the above-mentioned tCAL_L clock cycles followed by tCAL_H clock cycles. CalDly (pin 141) is used to select one of two delay times that apply from the application of power to the start of calibration. This calibration delay time is depedent on the setting of the CalDly pin and is specified as tCalDly in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. These delay values allow the power supply to come up and stabilize before calibration takes place. If the PD pin is high upon power-up, the calibration delay counter will be disabled until the PD pin is brought low. Therefore, holding the PD pin high during power up will further delay the start of the power-up calibration cycle. The best setting of the CalDly pin depends upon the power-on settling time of the power supply. The CAL bit does not reset itself to zero automatically, but must be manually reset before another calibration event can be initiated. If no further calibration event is desired, the CAL bit may be left high indefinitely, with no negative consequences. The RTD bit setting is critical for running a calibration event with the Clock Phase Adjust enabled. If initiating a calibration event while the Clock Phase Adjust is enabled, the RTD bit must be set to high, or no calibration will occur. If initiating a calibration event while the Clock Phase Adjust is not enabled, a normal calibration will occur, regardless of the setting of the RTD bit. 1.0 Functional Description ADC08DL500 ed Control mode whereby a serial interface is used to access register-based control of several advanced features. The Extended Control mode is not intended to be enabled and disabled dynamically. Rather, the user is expected to employ either the normal control mode or the Extended Control mode at all times. When the device is in the Extended Control mode, pin-based control of several features is replaced with registerbased control and those pin-based controls are disabled. These pins are OutV (pin 5), OutEdge/DDR (pin 6), FSR (pin 16) and CalDly (pin 141). See 1.2 NORMAL/EXTENDED CONTROL for details on the Extended Control mode. In the Extended Control mode, programming the Input FullScale Voltage Adjust register allows the input full-scale range to be adjusted as described in 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION and 2.2 THE ANALOG INPUT. 1.1.5 Clocking The ADC08DL500 must be driven with an a.c. coupled, differential clock signal. 2.3 THE CLOCK INPUTS describes the use of the clock input pins. A differential LVDS output clock is available for use in latching the ADC output data into whatever device is used to receive the data. The ADC08DL500 offers two output clocking options. These are a choice of which DCLK edge the output data transitions on, and a choice of Single Data Rate (SDR) or Double Data Rate (DDR) outputs. The ADC08DL500 also has the option to use a duty cycle corrected clock receiver as part of the input clock circuit. This feature is enabled by default and provides improved ADC clocking. This circuitry allows the ADC to be clocked with a signal source having a duty cycle ratio of 20% / 80% (worst case). 1.1.4 The Analog Inputs The ADC08DL500 must be driven with a differential input signal. Operation with a single-ended signal is not allowed. It is important that the inputs either be a.c. coupled to the inputs with the VCMO pin grounded, or d.c. coupled with the VCMO pin left floating. An input common mode voltage equal to the VCMO output must be provided when d.c. coupling is used. Two full-scale range settings are provided with pin 16 (FSR). A high on pin 16 causes an input full-scale range setting of a higher VIN input level, while grounding pin 16 causes an input full-scale range setting of a reduced VIN input level. The fullscale range setting operates equally on both ADCs. TABLE 11. Input Channel Samples Produced at Data Outputs in 1:2 Demultiplexed Mode** Data Outputs (Always sourced with respect to fall of DCLK+) DI "I" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 13 cycles earlier. DId "I" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 14 cycles earlier. DQ "Q" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 13 cycles earlier. DQd "Q" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 14 cycles after being sampled. * Note that, in the non-demultiplexed mode, the DId and DQd outputs are disabled and are high impedance. TABLE 12. Input Channel Samples Produced at Data Outputs in Non-Demultiplexed Mode Data Outputs (Sourced with respect to fall of DCLK+) DI "I" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 13 cycles earlier. DId No output. DQ "Q" Input Sampled with Fall of CLK 13 cycles earlier. DQd No output. relationship with the output data independent of the demultiplexer selection. For 1:2 Demux DDR 0° Mode, there are four, as opposed to three cycles of CLK systematic delay from the Synchronizing Edge to the start of tOD. See 1.5 MULTIPLE ADC SYNCHRONIZATIONfor more details. 1.1.5.2 OutEdge and Demultiplex Control Setting To help ease data capture in the SDR mode, the output data may be caused to transition on either the positive or the negative edge of the output data clock (DCLK). In the nonextended control mode, this is chosen with the OutEdge input (pin 6). A high on the OutEdge input pin causes the output data to transition on the rising edge of DCLK+, while grounding this input causes the output to transition on the falling edge of DCLK+. See 2.4.3 Output Edge Synchronization. When in the extended control mode, the OutEdge is selected using the OED bit in the Configuration Register. This bit has two functions. In the single data rate (SDR) mode, the bit functions as OutEdge and selects the DCLK edge with which the data transitions. In the Double Data Rate (DDR) mode, this bit selects whether the device is in non-demultiplex or 1:2 demultiplex mode. In the DDR case, the DCLK has a 0° phase www.national.com 1.1.5.3 Single Data Rate and Double Data Rate A choice of single data rate (SDR) or double data rate (DDR) output is offered. With single data rate the output clock (DCLK) frequency is the same as the data rate of the two output buses. With double data rate the DCLK frequency is half the data rate and data is sent to the outputs on both edges of DCLK. DDR clocking is enabled in non-Extended Control mode by allowing pin 6 to float. 28 1.1.7 Power Down The ADC08DL500 is in the active state when the Power Down pin (PD) is low. When the PD pin is high, the device is in the power down mode. In this power down mode the data output 29 www.national.com ADC08DL500 pins (positive and negative) are put into a high impedance state and the devices power consumption is reduced to a minimal level. The DCLK+/- and OR +/- are not tri-stated, they are weakly pulled down to ground internally. Therefore when both I and Q are powered down the DCLK +/- and OR +/should not be terminated to a DC voltage. A high on the PDQ pin will power down the "Q" channel and leave the "I" channel active. There is no provision to power down the "I" channel independently of the "Q" channel. Upon return to normal operation, the pipeline will contain meaningless information. If the PD input is brought high while a calibration is running, the device will not go into power down until the calibration sequence is complete. However, if power is applied and PD is already high, the device will not begin the calibration sequence until the PD input goes low. If a manual calibration is requested while the device is powered down, the calibration will not begin at all. That is, the manual calibration input is completely ignored in the power down state. Calibration will function with the "Q" channel powered down, but that channel will not be calibrated if PDQ is high. If the "Q" channel is subsequently to be used, it is necessary to perform a calibration after PDQ is brought low. 1.1.6 The LVDS Outputs The data outputs, the Out Of Range (OR) and DCLK, are LVDS. The electrical specifications of the LVDS outputs are compatible with typical LVDS receivers available on ASIC and FPGA chips; but they are not IEEE or ANSI communications standards compliant due to the low +1.9V supply used this chip. User is given the choice of a lower signal amplitude mode with OutV control pin or the OV control register bit. For short LVDS lines and low noise systems, satisfactory performance may be realized with the OutV input low, which results in lower power consumption. If the LVDS lines are long and/ or the system in which the ADC08DL500 is used is noisy, it may be necessary to tie the OutV pin high. The LVDS data output have a typical common mode voltage when the VBG pin is unconnected and floating. This common mode voltage can be increased by tying the VBG pin to VA if a higher common mode is required. IMPORTANT NOTE: Tying the VBG pin to VA will also increase the differential LVDS output voltage by up to 40 mV. ADC08DL500 ting pin 47 to logic low. If pin 47 is floating and pin 58 is floating or logic high, pin 16 can be used to enable the extended control mode. The choice of control modes is required to be a fixed selection and is not intended to be switched dynamically while the device is operational. Table 13 shows how several of the device features are affected by the control mode chosen. 1.2 NORMAL/EXTENDED CONTROL The ADC08DL500 may be operated in one of two modes. In the simpler standard control mode, the user affects available configuration and control of the device through several control pins. The "extended control mode" provides additional configuration and control options through a serial interface and a set of 9 registers. Extended control mode is selected by set- TABLE 13. Features and Modes Feature Normal Control Mode Extended Control Mode SDR or DDR Clocking Selected with pin 6 Selected with nDE in the Configuration Register (Addr-1h; bit-10). DDR Clock Phase (Note 17) Not Selectable (0° Phase Only) Selected with DCP in the Configuration Register (Addr-1h; bit-11). SDR Data transitions with rising or falling DCLK edge SDR Data transitions with rising edge Selected with OED in the Configuration Register of DCLK+ when pin 6 is high and on (Addr-1h; bit-8). falling edge when low. LVDS output level (Note 17) Normal differential data and DCLK amplitude selected when pin 5 is high Selected with OV in the Configuration Register (Addr-1h; bit-9). and reduced amplitude selected when low. Power-On Calibration Delay (Note 17) Short delay selected when pin 141 is low and longer delay selected when Short delay only. high. Full-Scale Range (Note 18) Normal input full-scale range selected when pin 16 is high and reduced range when low. Selected range applies to both channels. Up to 512 step adjustments over a nominal range specified in 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION. Separate range selected for I- and Q-Channels. Selected using Full Range Registers (Addr-3h and Bh; bit-7 thru 15). Input Offset Adjust (Note 18) Not possible 512 steps of adjustment using the Input Offset register specified in 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION for each channel using Input Offset Registers (Addr-2h and Ah; bit-7 thru 15). Test Pattern Not possible A test pattern can be made present at the data outputs by setting TPO to 1b in Extended Configuration Register (Addr-9h; bit-15). Resistor Trim Disable Not possible The DCLK outputs will continuously be present when RTD is set to 1b in Extended Configuration Register (Addr-9h; bit-14 to 7). Selectable Output Demultiplexer Not possible If the device is set in DDR, the output can be programmed to be non-demultiplex. When OED in Configuration Register is set 1b (Addr-1h; bit-8), this selects non-demultiplex. If OED is set 0b, this selects 1:2 demultiplex. Second DCLK Output (Note 17) Not possible The OR outputs can be programmed to become a second DCLK output when nSD is set 0b in Configuration Register (Addr-1h; bit-13). The sampling clock phase can be manually adjusted through the Coarse and Intermediate Register (AddrFh; bit-15–7) and Fine Register (Addr-Eh; bit-15 to 8). Sampling Clock Phase Adjust Not possible (Note 19) www.national.com 30 ADC08DL500 The default state of the Extended Control Mode is set upon power-on reset (internally performed by the device) and is shown in Table 14. TABLE 14. Extended Control Mode Operation (Pin 41 Logic Low or Pin 14 Floating) Feature Extended Control Mode Default State SDR or DDR Clocking DDR Clocking DDR Clock Phase (Note 17) Data changes with DCLK edge (0° phase) LVDS Output Amplitude (Note 17) Higher value indicated in Electrical Table Calibration Delay (Note 17) Short Delay Full-Scale Range (Note 18) 700 mV nominal for both channels Input Offset Adjust (Note 18) No adjustment for either channel Test Pattern Not present at output Resistor Trim Disable Trim enabled, DCLK not continuously present at output Selectable Output Demultiplexer 1:2 demultiplex Second DCLK Output (Note 17) Not present, pins 89 and 90 function as OR+ and OR- Sampling Clock Phase Adjust (Note 19) No adjustment for fine, intermediate or coarse IMPORTANT NOTE: Do not write to the Serial Interface when calibrating the ADC. Doing so will impair the performance of the device until it is re-calibrated correctly. Programming the serial registers will also reduce dynamic performance of the ADC for the duration of the register access time. 1.3 THE SERIAL INTERFACE IMPORTANT NOTE: During the initial write using the serial interface, all nine registers must be written with desired or default values. Subsequent writes to single registers are allowed. The 3-pin serial interface is enabled only when the device is in the Extended Control mode. The pins of this interface are Serial Clock (SCLK), Serial Data (SDATA) and Serial Interface Chip Select (SCS). Nine write only registers are accessible through this serial interface. SCS: This signal should be asserted low while accessing a register through the serial interface. Setup and hold times with respect to the SCLK must be observed. SCLK: Serial data input is accepted at the rising edge of this signal. There is no minimum frequency requirement for SCLK. SDATA: Each register access requires a specific 32-bit pattern at this input. This pattern consists of a header, register address and register value. The data is shifted in MSB first. Setup and hold times with respect to the SCLK must be observed. See the Timing Diagram. Each Register access consists of 32 bits, as shown in Figure 6 of the Timing Diagrams. The fixed header pattern is 0000 0000 0001 (eleven zeros followed by a 1). The loading sequence is such that a "0" is loaded first. These 12 bits form the header. The next 4 bits are the address of the register that is to be written to and the last 16 bits are the data written to the addressed register. The addresses of the various registers are indicated in Table 15. Refer to the Register Description (1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION) for information on the data to be written to the registers. Subsequent register accesses may be performed immediately, starting with the 33rd SCLK. This means that the SCS input does not have to be de-asserted and asserted again between register addresses. It is possible, although not recommended, to keep the SCS input permanently enabled (at a logic low) when using extended control. Control register contents are retained when the device is put into power-down mode. TABLE 15. Register Addresses 4-Bit Address Loading Sequence: A3 loaded after Fixed Header pattern, A0 loaded last A3 A2 A1 31 A0 Hex Register Addressed 0 0 0 0 0h Calibration 0 0 0 1 1h Configuration 0 0 1 0 2h "I" Ch Offset 0 0 1 1 3h "I" Ch Full-Scale Voltage Adjust 0 1 0 0 4h Reserved 0 1 0 1 5h Reserved 0 1 1 0 6h Reserved 0 1 1 1 7h Reserved 1 0 0 0 8h Reserved 1 0 0 1 9h Extended Configuration 1 0 1 0 Ah "Q" Ch Offset 1 0 1 1 Bh "Q" Ch Full-Scale Voltage Adjust 1 1 0 0 Ch Reserved 1 1 0 1 Dh Reserved 1 1 1 0 Eh Sampling Clock Phase Fine Adjust 1 1 1 1 Fh Sample Clock Phase Intermediate and Coarse Adjust www.national.com ADC08DL500 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION NOT ALL OF THE PINS, BITS, AND FEATURES WHICH ARE MENTIONED IN THIS SECTION ARE TESTED IN PRODUCTION TEST. SEE (Note 16, Note 17, Note 18, Note 19) IN THE PIN DESCRIPTIONS, THE CONVERTER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, Table 13, Table 14, AND THE REGISTER DESCRIPTION FOR A DETAILED EXPLANATION OF WHAT IS TESTED. IF THE SYSTEM APPLICATION REQUIRES ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE PRODUCT TO BE TESTED, CONTACT YOUR NATIONAL SALES REPRESENTATIVE. Nine write-only registers provide several control and configuration options in the Extended Control Mode. These registers have no effect when the device is in the Normal Control Mode. Each register description below also shows the PowerOn Reset (POR) state of each control bit. Bit 11 Bit 10 Calibration Register Addr: 0h (0000b) Write only (0x7FFF) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 CAL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 15 Bit 9 CAL: Calibration Enable. When this bit is set 1b, an on-command calibration cycle is initiated. This function is exactly the same as issuing an on-command calibration using the CAL pin. (Note 16) POR State: 0b Must be set to 1b Bits 14:0 Bit 8 Configuration Register Addr: 1h (0001b) Write only (0xB2FF) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 1 0 nSD DCS DCP nDE OV OED D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 www.national.com Must be set to 1b Must be set to 0b nSD: Second DCLK Output Enable. When this bit is 1b, the device only has one DCLK output and one OR output. When this bit is 0b, the device has two identical DCLK outputs and no OR output. (Note 16) POR State: 1b DCS: Duty Cycle Stabilizer. When this bit is set to 1b, a duty cycle stabilization circuit is applied to the clock input. When this bit is set to 0b the stabilization circuit is disabled. (Note 16) POR State: 1b Bits 7:0 DCP: DDR Clock Phase. This bit only has an effect in the DDR mode. When this bit is set to 0b, the DCLK edges are time-aligned with the data bus edges ("0° Phase"). When this bit is set to 1b, the DCLK edges are placed in the middle of the data bit-cells ("90° Phase"), using the one-half speed DCLK shown in Figure 4 as the phase reference. (Note 16) POR State: 0b nDE: DDR Enable. When this bit is set to 0b, data bus clocking follows the DDR (Double Data Rate) mode whereby a data word is output with each rising and falling edge of DCLK. When this bit is set to a 1b, data bus clocking follows the SDR (single data rate) mode whereby each data word is output with either the rising or falling edge of DCLK , as determined by the OutEdge bit. POR State: 0b OV: Output Voltage. This bit determines the LVDS outputs' voltage amplitude and has the same function as the OutV pin that is used in the normal control mode. When this bit is set to 1b, the standard output amplitude is used. When this bit is set to 0b, the reduced output amplitude is used. (Note 16) POR State: 1b OED: Output Edge and Demultiplex Control. This bit has two functions. When the device is in SDR mode, this bit selects the DCLK edge with which the data words transition and has the same effect as the OutEdge pin in the Non-extended control mode. When this bit is set to 1b, the data outputs change with the rising edge of DCLK+. When this bit is set to 0b, the data output changes with the falling edge of DCLK+. When the device is in DDR mode, this bit selects the non-demultiplexed mode when set to 1b. When the bit set to 0b, the device is programmed into the Demultiplexed mode. If the device is in DDR and Non-Demultiplexed Mode, then the DCLK has a 0° phase relationship with the data; it is not possible to select the 90° phase relationship. POR State: 0b Must be set to 1b IMPORTANT NOTE: It is recommended that this register should only be written upon power-up initialization as writing it may cause disturbance on the DCLK output as this signal's basic configuration is changed. 32 D15 D14 Extended Configuration Register Addr: 9h (1001b) Write only (0x007F) D13 (MSB) D12 D11 D10 D9 Offset Value Write only (0x03FF) D8 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 (LSB) TPO RTD 0 0 0 0 1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Sign 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bits 15:8 Bit 7 Bits 6:0 Offset Value. The input offset of the IChannel ADC is adjusted linearly and monotonically by the value in this field. 00h provides a nominal zero offset, while FFh provides a nominal 45 mV of offset. Thus, each code step provides 0.176 mV of offset. POR State: 0000 0000 b Sign bit. 0b gives positive offset, 1b gives negative offset, resulting in total offset adjustment of ±45 mV. POR State: 0b Must be set to 1b Bit 15 POR State: 0b Bit 14 D15 D14 Write only (0x807F) D13 (MSB) D12 D11 D10 D9 Bit 13:10 Must be set to 0b Bits 9:0 Must be set to 1b Q-Channel Offset (Note 18) D8 Addr: Ah (1010b) Adjust Value D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D15 (LSB) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (MSB) Bits 15:7 Bits 6:0 Full Scale Voltage Adjust Value. The input fullscale voltage or gain of the I-Channel ADC is adjusted linearly and monotonically with a 9 bit data value. The adjustment range is ±20% of the nominal 700 mVP-P differential value. 0000 0000 0 560 mVP-P 1000 0000 0 Default Value 1111 1111 1 700 mVP-P RTD: Resistor Trim Disable. When this bit is set to 1b, the input termination resistor is not trimmed during the calibration cycle and the DCLK output remains enabled. Note that the ADC is calibrated regardless of this setting. POR State: 0b I-Channel Full-Scale Voltage Adjust (Note 18) Addr: 3h (0011b) TPO: Test Pattern Output. When this bit is set 1b, the ADC is disengaged and a test pattern generator is connected to the outputs including OR. This test pattern will work with the device in the SDR, DDR and the nondemultiplex output modes. D14 D11 D10 D9 Offset Value D8 (LSB) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Sign 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 840 mVP-P Bit 7 Bits 6:0 33 D12 D7 Bits 15:8 For best performance, it is recommended that the value in this field be limited to the range of 0110 0000 0b to 1110 0000 0b. i.e., limit the amount of adjustment to ±15%. The remaining ±5% headroom allows for the ADC's own full scale variation. A gain adjustment does not require ADC re-calibration. POR State: 1000 0000 0b (no adjustment) Must be set to 1b D13 Write only (0x007F) Offset Value. The input offset of the QChannel ADC is adjusted linearly and monotonically by the value in this field. 00h provides a nominal zero offset, while FFh provides a nominal 45 mV of offset. Thus, each code step provides about 0.176 mV of offset. POR State: 0000 0000 b Sign bit. 0b gives positive offset, 1b gives negative offset. POR State: 0b Must be set to 1b www.national.com ADC08DL500 I-Channel Offset (Note 18) Addr: 2h (0010b) ADC08DL500 Sample Clock Phase Fine Adjust (Note 19) Q-Channel Full-Scale Voltage Adjust (Note 18) Addr: Bh (1011b) D15 D14 D13 Addr: 1110 Write only (0x807F) D12 (MSB) D11 D10 D9 D8 D15 Adjust Value D14 Write only (0x00FF) D13 (MSB) D12 D11 D10 D9 Fine Phase Adjust D8 (LSB) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 (LSB) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bits 15:7 Full Scale Voltage Adjust Value. The input full-scale voltage or gain of the I-Channel ADC is adjusted linearly and monotonically with a 9 bit data value. The adjustment range is ±20% of the nominal 700 mVP-P differential value. 0000 0000 0 560 mVP-P Bits 6:0 1000 0000 0 700 mVP-P 1111 1111 1 840 mVP-P Bits 15:8 Fine Phase Adjust. The phase of the ADC sampling clock is adjusted monotonically by the value in this field. 00h provides a nominal zero phase adjustment, while FFh provides a nominal 50 ps of delay. Thus, each code step provides approximately 0.2 ps of delay. POR State: 0000 0000b Bits 7:0 Must be set to 1b Sample Clock Phase Intermediate/Coarse Adjust (Note 19) For best performance, it is recommended that the value in this field be limited to the range of 0110 0000 0b to 1110 0000 0b. i.e., limit the amount of adjustment to ±15%. The remaining ±5% headroom allows for the ADC's own full scale variation. A gain adjustment does not require ADC recalibration. POR State: 1000 0000 0b (no adjustment) Must be set to 1b Addr: Fh (1111b) D15 POL D14 D13 Write only (0x007F) D12 D11 D10 D9 (MSB) Coarse Phase Adjust D8 IPA D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 (LSB) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 15 Polarity Select. When this bit is selected, the polarity of the ADC sampling clock is inverted. POR State: 0b Bits 14:10 Coarse Phase Adjust. Each code value in this field delays the sample clock by approximately 65 ps. A value of 00000b in this field causes zero adjustment. POR State: 00000b www.national.com 34 Bits 9:7 Intermediate Phase Adjust. Each code value in this field delays the sample clock by approximately 11 ps. A value of 000b in this field causes zero adjustment. Maximum combined adjustment using Coarse Phase Adjust and Intermediate Phase adjust is approximately 2.1ns. POR State: 000b Bits 6:0 Must be set to 1b 1.4.2 Note Regarding Extended Mode Offset Correction When using the I or Q channel Offset Adjust registers, the following information should be noted. For offset values of +0000 0000 and −0000 0000, the actual offset is not the same. By changing only the sign bit in this case, an offset step in the digital output code of about 1/10th of an LSB is experienced. This is shown more clearly in the Figure below. 1.6 ADC TEST PATTERN To aid in system debug, the ADC08DL500 has the capability of providing a test pattern at the four output ports completely independent of the input signal. The ADC is disengaged and a test pattern generator is connected to the outputs including OR. Each port is given a unique 8-bit word, alternating between 1's and 0's as described in Table 16 and Table 17. 30116230 TABLE 16. Test Pattern by Output Port in 1:2 Demultiplex Mode FIGURE 11. Extended Mode Offset Behavior Time 1.5 MULTIPLE ADC SYNCHRONIZATION The ADC08DL500 has the capability to precisely reset its sampling clock input to DCLK output relationship as determined by the user-supplied DCLK_RST pulse. This allows multiple ADCs in a system to have their DCLK (and data) outputs transition at the same time with respect to the shared CLK input that all the ADCs use for sampling. The DCLK_RST signal must observe some timing requirements that are shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9 of the Timing Diagrams. The DCLK_RST pulse must be of a minimum width and its deassertion edge must observe setup and hold times with respect to the CLK input rising edge. The duration of the DCLK_RST pulse affects the length of time that the digital output will take before providing valid data again after the end of the reset condition. Therefore, the DCLK_RST pulse width should be made reasonably short within the system application constraints. These timing specifications are listed as tRH, tRS, and tPWR in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. The DCLK_RST signal can be asserted asynchronous to the input clock. If DCLK_RST is asserted, the DCLK output is held in a designated state. The state in which DCLK is held during the reset period is determined by the mode of operation (SDR/ DDR) and the setting of the Output Edge configuration pin or bit. (Refer to Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9 for the DCLK Qd Id Q I OR T0 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T1 FEh FDh FCh FBh 1 T2 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T3 FEh FDh FCh FBh 1 T4 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T5 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T6 FEh FDh FCh FBh 1 T7 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T8 FEh FDh FCh FBh 1 T9 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T10 01h 02h 03h 04h 0 T11 ... ... ... ... ... Comments Pattern Sequence n Pattern Sequence n+1 Pattern Sequence n +2 With the part programmed into the non-demultiplex mode, the test pattern’s order will be as described in Table 17. 35 www.national.com ADC08DL500 reset state conditions). Therefore, depending upon when the DCLK_RST signal is asserted, there may be a narrow pulse on the DCLK line during this reset event. When the DCLK_RST signal is de-asserted in synchronization with the CLK rising edge, there are three or four CLK cycles of systematic delay and the next CLK falling edge synchronizes the DCLK output with those of other ADC08DL500s in the system. The DCLK output is enabled again after a constant delay (relative to the input clock frequency) which is equal to the CLK input to DCLK output delay (tOD). The device always exhibits this delay characteristic in normal operation. The user has the option of using a single-ended DCLK_RST signal, but a differential DCLK_RST is strongly recommended due to its superior timing specifications. As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, and Figure 9 of the Timing Diagrams, there is a delay from the deassertion of DCLK_RST to the reappearance of DCLK, which is equal to several cycles of CLK plus tOD. Note that the deassertion of DCLK_RST is not latched in until the next falling edge of CLK. For 1:2 Demux DDR 0° Mode, there are four CLK cycles of delay; for all other modes, there are three CLK cycles of delay. If the device is not programmed to allow DCLK to run continuously, DCLK will become inactive during a calibration cycle. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that DCLK only be used as a data capture clock and not as a system clock. The DCLK_RST pin should NOT be brought high while the calibration process is running (while CalRun is high). Doing so could cause a digital glitch in the digital circuitry, resulting in corruption and invalidation of the calibration. 1.4.1 Note Regarding Clock Phase Adjust This is a feature intended to help the system designer remove small imbalances in clock distribution traces at the board level when multiple ADCs are used. Please note, however, that enabling this feature will reduce the dynamic performance (ENOB, SNR, SFDR) some finite amount. The amount of degradation increases with the amount of adjustment applied. The user is strongly advised to (a) use the minimal amount of adjustment; and (b) verify the net benefit of this feature in his system before relying on it. ADC08DL500 It is possible for the I and the Q channels' test patterns to be not synchronized. Either I and Id or Q and Qd patterns may be slipped by one DCLK. To ensure that the test pattern starts synchronously in each port, set DCLK_RST while writing the Test Pattern Output bit in the Extended Configuration Register. The pattern appears at the data output ports when DCLK_RST is cleared low. The test pattern will work at speed and will work with the device in the SDR, DDR and the non-demultiplex output modes. TABLE 17. Test Pattern by Output Port in Non-demultiplex Mode Time Q I OR T0 01h 02h 0 T1 FEh FDh 1 T2 01h 02h 0 T3 01h 02h 0 T4 FEh FDh 1 T5 FEh FDh 1 T6 01h 02h 0 T7 01h 02h 0 T8 FEh FDh 1 T9 01h 02h 0 T10 01h 02h 0 T11 FEh FDh 1 T12 01h 02h 0 T13 01h 02h 0 T14 FEh FDh 1 T15 ... ... ... www.national.com Comments Pattern Sequence n Pattern Sequence n+1 36 2.1 THE REFERENCE VOLTAGE The voltage reference for the ADC08DL500 is derived from a 1.254V bandgap reference, a buffered version of which is made available at pin 33, VBG, for user convenience. This output has an output current capability of ±100 μA and should be buffered if more current than this is required. There is no provision for the use of an external reference voltage, but the full-scale input voltage can be adjusted through a Configuration Register in the Extended Control mode, as explained in 1.2 NORMAL/EXTENDED CONTROL. Differential input signals up to the chosen full-scale level will be digitized to 8 bits. Signal excursions beyond the full-scale range will be clipped at the output. These large signal excursions will also activate the OR output for the time that the signal is out of range. See 2.2.2 Out Of Range (OR) Indication. One extra feature of the VBG pin is that it can be used to raise the common mode voltage level of the LVDS outputs. The output offset voltage (VOS) is at its nominal value when the VBG pin is used as an output or left unconnected. To raise the LVDS offset voltage, the VBG pin can be connected directly to the supply rails. 30116244 FIGURE 12. Differential Input Drive When the d.c. coupled mode is used, a common mode voltage must be provided at the differential inputs. This common mode voltage should track the VCMO output pin. Note that the VCMO output potential will change with temperature. The common mode output of the driving device should track this change. IMPORTANT NOTE: An analog input channel that is not used should be tied to the VCMO voltage when the inputs are d.c. coupled. Do not connect unused analog inputs to ground. Full-scale distortion performance falls off rapidly as the input common mode voltage deviates from VCMO. This is a direct result of using a very low supply voltage to minimize power. Keep the input common voltage within 50 mV of VCMO. Performance is as good in the d.c. coupled mode as it is in the a.c. coupled mode, provided the input common mode voltage at both analog inputs remain within 50 mV of VCMO. 2.2 THE ANALOG INPUT The analog input is a differential one to which the signal source may be a.c. coupled or d.c. coupled. In the normal mode, the full-scale input range is selected using the FSR pin as specified in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. In the Extended Control mode, the full-scale input range is selected by programming the Full-Scale Voltage Adjust register through the Serial Interface. For best performance when adjusting the input full-scale range in the Extended Control, refer to 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION for guidelines on limiting the amount of adjustment Table 18 gives the input to output relationship with the FSR pin high when the normal (non-extended) mode is used. With the FSR pin grounded, the millivolt values in Table 18 are reduced to 75% of the values indicated. In the Enhanced Control Mode, these values will be determined by the full scale range and offset settings in the Control Registers. 2.2.1 Handling Single-Ended Input Signals There is no provision for the ADC08DL500 to adequately process single-ended input signals. The best way to handle single-ended signals is to convert them to differential signals before presenting them to the ADC. The easiest way to accomplish single-ended to differential signal conversion is with an appropriate balun-connected transformer, as shown in Figure 13. TABLE 18. Differential Input To Output Relationship (Non-Extended Control Mode, FSR High) VIN+ VIN− Output Code VCM − 217.5 mV VCM + 217.5 mV 0000 0000 VCM − 109 mV VCM + 109 mV 0100 0000 VCM VCM 0111 1111 / 1000 0000 VCM + 109 mV VCM − 109 mV 1100 0000 VCM + 217.5 mV VCM − 217.5 mV 1111 1111 2.2.1.1. a.c. Coupled Input The easiest way to accomplish single-ended a.c. input to differential a.c. signal is by using an appropriate balun, as shown in Figure 13. The buffered analog inputs simplify the task of driving these inputs and the RC pole that is generally used at sampling ADC inputs is not required. If it is desired to use an amplifier circuit before the ADC, use care in choosing an amplifier with adequate noise and distortion performance and adequate gain at the frequencies used for the application. Note that a precise d.c. common mode voltage must be present at the ADC inputs. This common mode voltage, VCMO, is provided on-chip when a.c. input coupling is used and the input signal is a.c. coupled to the ADC. 37 www.national.com ADC08DL500 When the inputs are a.c. coupled, the VCMO output must be grounded, as shown in Figure 12. This causes the on-chip VCMO voltage to be connected to the inputs through on-chip 50 kΩ resistors. IMPORTANT NOTE: An Analog input channel that is not used should be connected to ac-ground (ie, capacitors to ground) when the inputs are a.c. coupled. Do not connect an unused analog input directly to ground. 2.0 Applications Information ADC08DL500 when selecting a balun. The phase imbalance should be no more than ±2.5° and the amplitude imbalance should be limited to less than 1dB at the desired input frequency range. Finally, when selecting a balun, the VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio), bandwidth and insertion loss of the balun should also be considered. The VSWR aids in determining the overall transmission line termination capability of the balun when interfacing to the ADC input. The insertion loss should be considered so that the signal at the balun output is within the specified input range of the ADC as described in the Converter Electrical Characteristics as the specification VIN. 30116243 FIGURE 13. Single-Ended to Differential Signal Conversion Using a Balun 2.2.1.2. d.c. Coupled Input When d.c. coupling to the ADC08DL500 analog inputs is required, single-ended to differential conversion may be easily accomplished with the LMH6555, as shown inFigure 14. In such applications, the LMH6555 performs the task of singleended to differential conversion while delivering low distortion and noise, as well as output balance, that supports the operation of the ADC08DL500. Connecting the ADC08DL500 VCMO pin to the VCM_REF pin of the LMH6555, through an appropriate buffer, will ensure that the common mode input voltage is as needed for optimum performance of the ADC08DL500. The LMV321 was chosen to buffer VCMD for its low voltage operation and reasonable offset voltage. Be sure to limit output current from the ADC08DL500 VCMO pin to 100 μA Figure 13 is a generic depiction of a single-ended to differential signal conversion using a balun. The circuitry specific to the balun will depend upon the type of balun selected and the overall board layout. It is recommended that the system designer contact the manufacturer of the balun they have selected to aid in designing the best performing single-ended to differential conversion circuit using that particular balun. When selecting a balun, it is important to understand the input architecture of the ADC. There are specific balun parameters of which the system designer should be mindful. A designer should match the impedance of their analog source to the ADC08DL500's on-chip differential input termination resistor. The range of this termination resistor is described in the electrical table as the specification RIN. Also, the phase and amplitude balance are important. The lowest possible phase and amplitude imbalance is desired 30116255 FIGURE 14. Example of Servoing the Analog Input with VCMO In Figure 14, RADJ- and RADJ+ are used to adjust the differential offset that can be measured at the ADC inputs VIN+ / VIN- with LMH6555's input terminated to ground as shown but not driven and with no RADJ resistors applied. An unadjusted positive offset with reference to VIN- greater than |15mV| should be reduced with a resistor in the RADJ- position. Likewise, an unadjusted negative offset with reference to VIN- greater than |15mV| should be reduced with a resistor in the RADJ+ position. Table 19 gives suggested RADJ- and RADJ+ values for various unadjusted differential offsets to bring the VIN+ / VIN- offset back to within |15mV|. www.national.com TABLE 19. D.C. Coupled Offset Adjustment 38 Unadjusted Offset Reading Resistor Value 0mV to 10mV no resistor needed 11mV to 30mV 20.0kΩ 31mV to 50mV 10.0kΩ 51mV to 70mV 6.81kΩ 71mV to 90mV 4.75kΩ 91mV to 110mV 3.92kΩ 2.2.3 Full-Scale Input Range As with all A/D Converters, the input range is determined by the value of the ADC's reference voltage. The reference voltage of the ADC08DL500 is derived from an internal band-gap reference. The FSR pin controls the effective reference voltage of the ADC08DL500 such that the differential full-scale input range at the analog inputs is a normal amplitude with the FSR pin high, or a reduced amplitude with FSR pin low as defined by the specification VIN in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. Best SNR is obtained with FSR high, but better distortion and SFDR are obtained with the FSR pin low. The LMH6555 of is Figure 14 suitable for any Full Scale Range. tJ(MAX) = (VINFSR / VIN(P-P)) x (1/(2(N+1) x π x fIN)) where tJ(MAX) is the rms total of all jitter sources in seconds, VIN(P-P) is the peak-to-peak analog input signal, VINFSR is the full-scale range of the ADC, "N" is the ADC resolution in bits and fIN is the maximum input frequency, in Hertz, at the ADC analog input. Note that the maximum jitter described above is the RSS sum of the jitter from all sources, including that in the ADC input clock, that added by the system to the ADC input clock and input signals and that added by the ADC itself. Since the effective jitter added by the ADC is beyond user control, the best the user can do is to keep the sum of the externally added input clock jitter and the jitter added by the analog circuitry to the analog signal to a minimum. Input clock amplitudes above those specified in the Converter Electrical Characteristics may result in increased input offset voltage. This would cause the converter to produce an output code other than the expected 127/128 when both input pins are at the same potential. 2.3 THE CLOCK INPUTS The ADC08DL500 has differential LVDS clock inputs, CLK+ and CLK−, which must be driven with an a.c. coupled, differential clock signal. Although the ADC08DL500 is tested and its performance is guaranteed with a differential 1 GHz clock, it typically will function well with input clock frequencies indicated in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. The clock inputs are internally terminated and biased. The input clock signal must be capacitively coupled to the clock pins as indicated in Figure 15. Operation up to the sample rates indicated in the Converter Electrical Characteristics is typically possible if the maximum ambient temperatures indicated are not exceeded. Operating at higher sample rates than indicated for the given ambient temperature may result in reduced device reliability and product lifetime. This is because of the higher power consumption and die temperatures at high sample rates. Important also for reliability is proper thermal management . See 2.6.2 Thermal Management. 2.4 CONTROL PINS Six control pins (without the use of the serial interface) provide a wide range of possibilities in the operation of the ADC08DL500 and facilitate its use. These control pins provide Full-Scale Input Range setting, Calibration, Calibration Delay, Output Edge Synchronization choice, LVDS Output Level choice and a Power Down feature. 2.4.1 Full-Scale Input Range Setting The input full-scale range can be selected with the FSR control input (pin 16) in the normal mode of operation. The input full-scale range is specified as VIN in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. In the extended control mode, the input fullscale range may be programmed using the Full-Scale Adjust Voltage register. See 2.2 THE ANALOG INPUT for more information. 30116247 FIGURE 15. Differential (LVDS) Input Clock Connection 2.4.2 Calibration The ADC08DL500 calibration must be run to achieve specified performance. The calibration procedure is run upon power-up and can be run any time on command. The calibration procedure is exactly the same whether there is an input clock present upon power up or if the clock begins some time after application of power. The CalRun output indicator is high while a calibration is in progress. Note that the DCLK outputs are not active during a calibration cycle by default and therefore are not recommended as system clock unless the Resistor Trim Disable feature is used (Reg.9h). The DCLK The differential input clock line pair should have a characteristic impedance of 100 Ω and (when using a balun), be terminated at the clock source in that (100 Ω) characteristic impedance. The input clock line should be as short and as direct as possible. The ADC08DL500 clock input is internally terminated with an untrimmed 100 Ω resistor. Insufficient input clock levels will result in poor dynamic performance. Excessively high clock levels could cause a change in the analog input offset voltage. To avoid these 39 www.national.com ADC08DL500 problems, keep the clock level within the range specified as VID in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. The low and high times of the input clock signal can affect the performance of any A/D Converter. The ADC08DL500 features a duty cycle clock correction circuit which can maintain performance over temperature. The ADC will meet its performance specification if the input clock high and low times are maintained within the duty cycle range as specified in the Converter Electrical Characteristics. High speed, high performance ADCs such as the ADC08DL500 require a very stable input clock signal with minimum phase noise or jitter. ADC jitter requirements are defined by the ADC resolution (number of bits), maximum ADC input frequency and the input signal amplitude relative to the ADC input full scale range. The maximum jitter (the sum of the jitter from all sources) allowed to prevent a jitter-induced reduction in SNR is found to be 2.2.2 Out Of Range (OR) Indication When the conversion result is clipped the Out of Range output is activated such that OR+ goes high and OR- goes low. This output is active as long as accurate data on either or both of the buses would be outside the range of 00h to FFh. Note that when the device is programmed to provide a second DCLK output, the OR signals become DCLK2. Refer to 1.4 REGISTER DESCRIPTION ADC08DL500 outputs are continuously present at the output only when the Resistor Trim Disable is active. Note that the calibration delay selection is not possible in the Extended Control mode and the short delay time is used. 2.4.2.1 Power-On Calibration Power-on calibration begins after a time delay following the application of power. This time delay is determined by the setting of CalDly, as described in the Calibration Delay Section, below. The calibration process will be not be performed if the CAL pin is high at power up. In this case, the calibration cycle will not begin until the on-command calibration conditions are met. The ADC08DL500 will function with the CAL pin held high at power up, but no calibration will be done and performance will be impaired. A manual calibration, however, may be performed after powering up with the CAL pin high. See On-Command Calibration 2.4.2.2 On-Command Calibration. The internal power-on calibration circuitry comes up in an unknown logic state. If the input clock is not running at power up and the power on calibration circuitry is active, it will hold the analog circuitry in power down and the power consumption will typically be less than 200 mW. The power consumption will be normal after the clock starts. 2.4.3 Output Edge Synchronization DCLK signals are available to help latch the converter output data into external circuitry. The output data can be synchronized with either edge of these DCLK signals. That is, the output data transition can be set to occur with either the rising edge or the falling edge of the DCLK signal, so that either edge of that DCLK signal can be used to latch the output data into the receiving circuit. When OutEdge (pin 6) is high, the output data is synchronized with (changes with) the rising edge of the DCLK+ (pin 92). When OutEdge is low, the output data is synchronized with the falling edge of DCLK+. At the very high speeds of which the ADC08DL500 is capable, slight differences in the lengths of the DCLK and data lines can mean the difference between successful and erroneous data capture. The OutEdge pin is used to capture data on the DCLK edge that best suits the application circuit and layout. Reliable data capture can be achieved by using just one DCLK+/- signal for the full 32 signal data bus. However, if desired, the user may configure the OR+/- output as the second DCLK+/- output instead. 2.4.2.2 On-Command Calibration To initiate an on-command calibration, bring the CAL pin high for a minimum of tCAL_H input clock cycles after it has been low for a minimum of tCAL_L input clock cycles. Holding the CAL pin high upon power up will prevent execution of poweron calibration until the CAL pin is low for a minimum of tCAL_L input clock cycles, then brought high for a minimum of another tCAL_H input clock cycles. The calibration cycle will begin tCAL_H input clock cycles after the CAL pin is thus brought high. The CalRun signal should be monitored to determine when the calibration cycle has completed. The minimum tCAL_L and tCAL_H input clock cycle sequence is required to ensure that random noise does not cause a calibration to begin when it is not desired. As mentioned for best performance, a calibration should be performed 20 seconds or more after power up and repeated when the operating temperature changes significantly relative to the specific system design performance requirements. By default, On-Command calibration also includes calibrating the input termination resistance and the ADC. However, since the input termination resistance, once trimmed at power-up, changes marginally with temperature, the user has the option to disable the input termination resistor trim, which will guarantee that the DCLK is continuously present at the output during subsequent calibration. The Resistor Trim Disable can be programmed in register (address: 1h, bit 13) when in the Extended Control mode. Refer to for register programming information. 2.4.4 LVDS Output Level Control The output level can be set to one of two levels with OutV (pin 5). The strength of the output drivers is greater with OutV high. With OutV low there is less power consumption in the output drivers, but the lower output level means decreased noise immunity. For short LVDS lines and low noise systems, satisfactory performance may be realized with the OutV input low. If the LVDS lines are long and/or the system in which the ADC08DL500 is used is noisy, it may be necessary to tie the OutV pin high. 2.4.6 Power Down Feature The Power Down pins (PD and PDQ) allow the ADC08DL500 to be entirely powered down (PD) or the "Q" channel to be powered down and the "I" channel to remain active. See 1.1.7 Power Down for details on the power down feature. The digital data (+/-) output pins are put into a high impedance state when the PD pin for the respective channel is high. Upon return to normal operation, the pipeline will contain meaningless information and must be flushed. If the PD input is brought high while a calibration is running, the device will not go into power down until the calibration sequence is complete. However, if power is applied and PD is already high, the device will not begin the calibration sequence until the PD input goes low. If a manual calibration is requested while the device is powered down, the calibration will not begin at all. That is, the manual calibration input is completely ignored in the power down state. 2.4.2.3 Calibration Delay The CalDly input (pin 141) is used to select one of two delay times after the application of power to the start of calibration, as described in 1.1.1 Calibration. The calibration delay values allow the power supply to come up and stabilize before calibration takes place. With no delay or insufficient delay, calibration would begin before the power supply is stabilized at its operating value and result in non-optimal calibration coefficients. If the PD pin is high upon power-up, the calibration delay counter will be disabled until the PD pin is brought low. Therefore, holding the PD pin high during power up will further delay the start of the power-up calibration cycle. The best setting of the CalDly pin depends upon the power-on settling time of the power supply. www.national.com 2.5 THE DIGITAL OUTPUTS The ADC08DL500 normally demultiplexes the output data of each of the two ADCs on the die onto two LVDS output buses (total of four buses, two for each ADC). For each of the two converters, the results of successive conversions started on the odd falling edges of the CLK+ pin are available on one of the two LVDS buses, while the results of conversions started on the even falling edges of the CLK+ pin are available on the other LVDS bus. This means that, the word rate at each LVDS bus is 1/2 the ADC08DL500 input clock rate and the two buses must be multiplexed to obtain the entire 1 GSPS conversion result. 40 Many linear regulators will produce output spiking at poweron unless there is a minimum load provided. Active devices draw very little current until their supply voltages reach a few hundred millivolts. The result can be a turn-on spike that can destroy the ADC08DL500, unless a minimum load is provided for the supply. The 100 Ω resistor at the regulator output provides a minimum output current during power-up to ensure there is no turn-on spiking. In the circuit of Figure 16, an LM317 linear regulator is satisfactory if its input supply voltage is 4V to 5V . If a 3.3V supply is used, an LM1086 linear regulator is recommended. 30116254 FIGURE 16. Non-Spiking Power Supply The output drivers should have a supply voltage, VDR, that is within the range specified in the Operating Ratings table. This voltage should not exceed the VA supply voltage. If the power is applied to the device without an input clock signal present, the current drawn by the device might be below 200 mA. This is because the ADC08DL500 gets reset through clocked logic and its initial state is unknown. If the reset logic comes up in the "on" state, it will cause most of the analog circuitry to be powered down, resulting in less than 100 mA of current draw. This current is greater than the power down current because not all of the ADC is powered down. The device current will be normal after the input clock is established. 2.6 POWER CONSIDERATIONS A/D converters draw sufficient transient current to corrupt their own power supplies if not adequately bypassed. A 33 µF capacitor should be placed within an inch (2.5 cm) of the A/D converter power pins. A 0.1 µF capacitor should be placed as close as possible to each VA pin, preferably within one-half centimeter. Leadless chip capacitors are preferred because they have low lead inductance. The VA and VDR supply pins should be isolated from each other to prevent any digital noise from being coupled into the analog portions of the ADC. A ferrite choke, such as the JW Miller FB20009-3B, is recommended between these supply lines when a common source is used for them. As is the case with all high speed converters, the ADC08DL500 should be assumed to have little power supply noise rejection. Any power supply used for digital circuitry in a system where a lot of digital power is being consumed should not be used to supply power to the ADC08DL500. The ADC supplies should be the same supply used for other analog circuitry, if not a dedicated supply. 2.6.2 Thermal Management The ADC08DL500 is capable of impressive speeds and performance at very low power levels for its speed. However, the power consumption is still high enough to require attention to thermal management. For reliability reasons, the die temperature should be kept to a maximum of 130°C. That is, TA (ambient temperature) plus ADC power consumption times θJA (junction to ambient thermal resistance) should not exceed 130°C. This is not a problem if the ambient temperature is kept to a maximum of +70°C as specified in the Operating Ratings section. To help minimize junction temperature, it is recommended that a simple heat sink be built into the PCB. This is done by including a copper area of about 2 square inches (6.5 square cm) on the opposite side of the PCB. This copper area may be plated or solder coated to prevent corrosion, but should not have a conformal coating, which could provide some thermal insulation. Thermal vias should be used to connect this bottom copper area to a copper pour on top of the PCB in the area underneath the ADC, where room allows. These thermal vias act as "heat pipes" to carry the thermal energy from the device side of the board to the opposite side of the board where it can be more effectively dissipated. The use of 9 to 16 thermal vias is recommended. The thermal vias should be placed on a 1.2 mm grid spacing and have a diameter of 0.30 to 0.33 mm. Such voids could increase the thermal resistance between the device and the 2.6.1 Supply Voltage The ADC08DL500 is specified to operate with a supply voltage of 1.9V ±0.1V. It is very important to note that, while this device will function with slightly higher supply voltages, these higher supply voltages may reduce product lifetime. No pin should ever have a voltage on it that is in excess of the supply voltage or below ground by more than 150 mV, not even on a transient basis. This can be a problem upon application of power and power shut-down. Be sure that the supplies to circuits driving any of the input pins, analog or digital, do not come up any faster than does the voltage at the ADC08DL500 power pins. The Absolute Maximum Ratings should be strictly observed, even during power up and power down. A power supply that produces a voltage spike at turn-on and/or turn-off of power can destroy the ADC08DL500. The circuit of Figure 16 will provide supply overshoot protection. 41 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Since the minimum recommended input clock rate for this device is 200 MSPS, the effective rate can be reduced to as low as 100 MSPS by using the results available on just one of the the two LVDS buses and a 200 MHz input clock, decimating the 200 MSPS data by two. There is one LVDS output clock pair (DCLK+/−) available for use to latch the LVDS outputs on all buses. However, the user has the option to configure the OR+/- output as a second DCLK+/- pair. Whether the data is sent at the rising or falling edge of DCLK is determined by the sense of the OutEdge pin, as described in 2.4.3 Output Edge Synchronization. DDR (Double Data Rate) clocking can also be used. In this mode a word of data is presented with each edge of DCLK, reducing the DCLK frequency to 1/4 the input clock frequency. See the Timing Diagram section for details. The OutV pin is used to set the LVDS differential output levels. See 2.4.4 LVDS Output Level Control. The output format is Offset Binary. Accordingly, a full-scale input level with VIN+ positive with respect to VIN− will produce an output code of all ones, a full-scale input level with VIN− positive with respect to VIN+ will produce an output code of all zeros and when VIN+ and VIN− are equal, the output code will vary between codes 127 and 128. A non-multiplexed mode of operation is available for those cases where the digital ASIC is capable of higher speed operation. ADC08DL500 thermal land on the board, which would cause the device to run hotter. 2.9.1 Non-Extended Control Mode Operation Non-extended control mode operation means that the Serial Interface is not active and all controllable functions are controlled with various pin settings. Pin 47 is the primary control of the extended control enable function. When pin 47 is logic high, the device is in the non-extended control mode. If pin 47 is floating and pin 58 is floating or logic high, the extended control enable function is controlled by pin 16. The device has functions which are pin programmable when in the non-extended control mode. An example is the full-scale range is controlled in the non-extended control mode by setting pin 16 high or low. Table 20 indicates the pin functions of the ADC08DL500 in the non-extended control mode. 2.7 LAYOUT AND GROUNDING Proper grounding and proper routing of all signals are essential to ensure accurate conversion. A single ground plane should be used, instead of splitting the ground plane into analog and digital areas. Since digital switching transients are composed largely of high frequency components, the skin effect tells us that total ground plane copper weight will have little effect upon the logic-generated noise. Total surface area is more important than is total ground plane volume. Coupling between the typically noisy digital circuitry and the sensitive analog circuitry can lead to poor performance that may seem impossible to isolate and remedy. The solution is to keep the analog circuitry well separated from the digital circuitry. High power digital components should not be located on or near any linear component or power supply trace or plane that services analog or mixed signal components as the resulting common return current path could cause fluctuation in the analog input “ground” return of the ADC, causing excessive noise in the conversion result. Generally, we assume that analog and digital lines should cross each other at 90° to avoid getting digital noise into the analog path. In high frequency systems, however, avoid crossing analog and digital lines altogether. The input clock lines should be isolated from ALL other lines, analog AND digital. The generally-accepted 90° crossing should be avoided as even a little coupling can cause problems at high frequencies. Best performance at high frequencies is obtained with a straight signal path. The analog input should be isolated from noisy signal traces to avoid coupling of spurious signals into the input. This is especially important with the low level drive required of the ADC08DL500. Any external component (e.g., a filter capacitor) connected between the converter's input and ground should be connected to a very clean point in the analog ground plane. All analog circuitry (input amplifiers, filters, etc.) should be separated from any digital components. TABLE 20. Non-Extended Control Mode Operation (Pin 47 Floating and Pin 58 Floating or Logic High) Low High Floating 5 Reduced VOD Normal VOD n/a 6 OutEdge = Neg OutEdge = Pos DDR 141 CalDly Short CalDly Long n/a Normal VIN Extended Control Mode Reduced VIN 16 Pin 5 can be either high or low in the non-extended control mode. See 1.2 NORMAL/EXTENDED CONTROL for more information. Pin 6 can be high or low or can be left floating in the nonextended control mode. In the non-extended control mode, pin 6 high or low defines the edge at which the output data transitions. See 2.4.3 Output Edge Synchronization for more information. If this pin is floating, the output clock (DCLK) is a DDR (Double Data Rate) clock (see 1.1.5.3 Single Data Rate and Double Data Rate) and the output edge synchronization is irrelevant since data is clocked out on both DCLK edges. Pin 141, if it is high or low in the non-extended control mode, sets the calibration delay. TABLE 21. Extended Control Mode Operation (Pin 47 Logic Low or Pin 16 Floating and Pin 58 Floating or Logic High) 2.8 DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE The ADC08DL500 is a.c. tested and its dynamic performance is guaranteed. To meet the published specifications and avoid jitter-induced noise, the clock source driving the CLK input must exhibit low rms jitter. The allowable jitter is a function of the input frequency and the input signal level, as described in 2.3 THE CLOCK INPUTS. It is good practice to keep the ADC input clock line as short as possible, to keep it well away from any other signals and to treat it as a transmission line. Other signals can introduce jitter into the input clock signal. The clock signal can also introduce noise into the analog path if not isolated from that path. Best dynamic performance is obtained when the exposed pad at the back of the package has a good connection to ground. This is because this path from the die to ground is a lower impedance than offered by the package pins. Pin Function 5 SCLK (Serial Clock) 6 SDATA (Serial Data) 141 SCS (Serial Interface Chip Select) 2.10 COMMON APPLICATION PITFALLS Failure to write all register locations when using extended control mode. When using the serial interface, all nine address locations must be written at least once with the default or desired values before calibration and subsequent use of the ADC. Driving the inputs (analog or digital) beyond the power supply rails. For device reliability, no input should go more than 150 mV below the ground pins or 150 mV above the supply pins. Exceeding these limits on even a transient basis may not only cause faulty or erratic operation, but may impair device reliability. It is not uncommon for high speed digital circuits to exhibit undershoot that goes more than a volt below ground. Controlling the impedance of high speed lines and terminating these lines in their characteristic impedance should control overshoot. 2.9 USING THE SERIAL INTERFACE The ADC08DL500 may be operated in the non-extended control (non-Serial Interface) mode or in the extended control mode. Table 20 and Table 21 describe the functions of pins 5, 6, 16 and 141 in the non-extended control mode and the extended control mode, respectively. www.national.com Pin 42 Driving the clock input with an excessively high level signal. The ADC input clock level should not exceed the level described in the Operating Ratings Table or the input offset could change. Inadequate input clock levels. As described in 2.3 THE CLOCK INPUTS, insufficient input clock levels can result in poor performance. Excessive input clock levels could result in the introduction of an input offset. Using a clock source with excessive jitter, using an excessively long input clock signal trace, or having other signals coupled to the input clock signal trace. This will cause the sampling interval to vary, causing excessive output noise and a reduction in SNR performance. Failure to provide adequate heat removal. As described in 2.6.2 Thermal Management, it is important to provide adequate heat removal to ensure device reliability. This can be done either with adequate air flow or the use of a simple heat sink built into the board. 43 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Care should be taken not to overdrive the inputs of the ADC08DL500. Such practice may lead to conversion inaccuracies and even to device damage. Incorrect analog input common mode voltage in the d.c. coupled mode. As discussed in 1.1.4 The Analog Inputs and 2.2 THE ANALOG INPUT, the Input common mode voltage must remain within 50 mV of the VCMO output , which has a variability with temperature that must also be tracked. Distortion performance will be degraded if the input common mode voltage is more than 50 mV from VCMO . Using an inadequate amplifier to drive the analog input. Use care when choosing a high frequency amplifier to drive the ADC08DL500 as many high speed amplifiers will have higher distortion than will the ADC08DL500, resulting in overall system performance degradation. Driving the VBG pin to change the reference voltage. As mentioned in 2.1 THE REFERENCE VOLTAGE, the reference voltage is intended to be fixed by FSR pin or Full-Scale Voltage Adjust register settings. Over driving this pin will not change the full scale value, but can otherwise upset operation. ADC08DL500 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED REFERENCE JEDEC REGISTRATION MS-026, VARIATION BFB. 144-Lead, Low Profile, Quad, Flatpack (LQFP) Order Number ADC08DL500CIVV NS Package Number VNG144A www.national.com 44 ADC08DL500 Notes 45 www.national.com ADC08DL500 Low Power, 8-Bit, Dual 500 MSPS A/D Converter Notes For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: www.national.com Products Design Support Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH® Tools www.national.com/webench Audio www.national.com/audio App Notes www.national.com/appnotes Clock and Timing www.national.com/timing Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns Data Converters www.national.com/adc Samples www.national.com/samples Interface www.national.com/interface Eval Boards www.national.com/evalboards LVDS www.national.com/lvds Packaging www.national.com/packaging Power Management www.national.com/power Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers Distributors www.national.com/contacts LDOs www.national.com/ldo Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality LED Lighting www.national.com/led Feedback/Support www.national.com/feedback Voltage References www.national.com/vref Design Made Easy www.national.com/easy www.national.com/powerwise Applications & Markets www.national.com/solutions Mil/Aero www.national.com/milaero PowerWise® Solutions Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors SolarMagic™ www.national.com/solarmagic PLL/VCO www.national.com/wireless www.national.com/training PowerWise® Design University THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION (“NATIONAL”) PRODUCTS. NATIONAL MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS PUBLICATION AND RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES TO SPECIFICATIONS AND PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. NO LICENSE, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, ARISING BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. TESTING AND OTHER QUALITY CONTROLS ARE USED TO THE EXTENT NATIONAL DEEMS NECESSARY TO SUPPORT NATIONAL’S PRODUCT WARRANTY. EXCEPT WHERE MANDATED BY GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS, TESTING OF ALL PARAMETERS OF EACH PRODUCT IS NOT NECESSARILY PERFORMED. NATIONAL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR APPLICATIONS ASSISTANCE OR BUYER PRODUCT DESIGN. BUYERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR PRODUCTS AND APPLICATIONS USING NATIONAL COMPONENTS. PRIOR TO USING OR DISTRIBUTING ANY PRODUCTS THAT INCLUDE NATIONAL COMPONENTS, BUYERS SHOULD PROVIDE ADEQUATE DESIGN, TESTING AND OPERATING SAFEGUARDS. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN NATIONAL’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, NATIONAL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND NATIONAL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY RELATING TO THE SALE AND/OR USE OF NATIONAL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: Life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor and the National Semiconductor logo are registered trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation. All other brand or product names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Copyright© 2010 National Semiconductor Corporation For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com National Semiconductor Americas Technical Support Center Email: [email protected] Tel: 1-800-272-9959 www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Technical Support Center Email: [email protected] National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Technical Support Center Email: [email protected] National Semiconductor Japan Technical Support Center Email: [email protected] IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps DLP® Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging RFID www.ti-rfid.com OMAP Mobile Processors www.ti.com/omap Wireless Connectivity www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity TI E2E Community Home Page www.ti.com/video e2e.ti.com Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated