Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver For Covert and U.A.V. Applications Figure 1 RWR Unit Introduction The unit is designed for Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) applications where small size and low power consumption are of prime importance, with filtering, amplification, detection and frequency measurement being combined into one multi-function unit. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the RWR and its three integral RF modules. Two amplitude measurement channels allow direction finding by amplitude comparison between adjacent antennas. One of these channels is also used in standby mode for detecting the presence of signals by polling round the antennas. A two-tier discriminator, fed from one of the amplitude channels via an SPDT switch, performs frequency measurement. Frequency resolution is nominally 160 MHz over an 8 to 18 GHz band. Video Output Linear Amplifier Limiting Amplifier N Trigger S IFM Inputs E Digital Data Out DLVA W Bandpass Filter Video Output Figure 2: Radar Warning Receiver Block Diagram Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602 Fax:+44 (1274) 539724 Email: [email protected] Page 1 of 1 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver Electrical Specifications Operating temperature range 0ºC to 70ºC Characterised at 25ºC. Table 1: Electrical Specifications Parameter Amplitude Module Frequency Module Operating Frequency 8 to 18 GHz 8 to 18 GHz Operating Dynamic Range -73 to 0dBm -43 to –5 dBm Frequency Measurement Resolution - 150 MHz nom. Frequency Measurement Accuracy - <200 MHz r.m.s. Minimum Pulse Width - 100 ns Triggering - External Command Trigger to Data Delay - <100 ns max. Out of Band Rejection d.c. to 7 GHz > 60 dB 20 to 26 GHz > 30 dB - -73 dBm - -70 to -30 dBm - Frequency Flatness (Video) ±2.5 dB - Amplitude Tracking (Between any Two Modules at the Same Frequency and Temperature) ±1 dB Typical - 30ns Typ 70 ns Max - 50 mV/dB - ±1 dB - Active d.c. restored - 50 % - >30 dB Typ >30 dB Typ RF Input Switch Speed <5 µs <5 µs RF Input Switch Control TTL TTL 27dB nominal - Tangential Signal Sensitivity (8 dB Video SNR) Logging Range Video Rise Time Video Output Slope Logging Linearity Video Coupling Maximum Duty Cycle RF Input Switch Isolation Insertion Gain RF Input to RF Output Insertion Ripple ±2dB Input Return Loss 7dB min (10dB typ) Power Supply Current (operating - no rf) +6 V at 130 mA -6 V at 50 mA +6 V at 200 mA -6 V at 30 mA Power Supply Current (standby) +6 V at 50 mA -6 V at 50 mA +6 V at 120 mA -6 V at 30 mA Power-up Time (standby to on) <100 µs <100 µs Power-up Time (cold start) <30ms <2ms 4 x 1 x 0.25 inches 101.6 x 25.4 x 6.35 mm 4 x 2 x 0.25 inches 101.6 x 50.8 x 6.35 mm 50 grams 85 grams SSMA Female Dynawave Dimensions Weight 2 Microwave Input Connector 1 2 1 not including amplitude module gain plus 10 grams for the interconnect module Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 2 of 2 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver System Timing The operation of the frequency measurement unit is as follows: When r.f. enters the discriminator circuits, the video voltages settle after a delay depending on the video bandwidth. The video signals are then stable and can be digitised by the comparators and ASIC. This digitization takes a maximum of 15 ns (ASIC worst case timing). Therefore valid raw frequency data is available 75 ns after the leading edge of the r.f. pulse. The raw frequency data is decoded in the EPROM look-up table which takes 55 ns. Figure 3: System Timing Diagram r.f. trfhld video out tlatch LATCH tlpw tdig tlhold Raw Data tdechold tdecode Data Valid Frequency Data Out tmeas Table 2: Timing Description time between latch edge and trailing edge of r.f time from leading edge of r.f. and latch edge Width of latch pulse time to digitise video time from latch disable and raw data invalid time to decode raw frequency data time to hold decoded frequency data time from start of r.f. to valid frequency out symbol trfhld tlatch tlpw tdig tlhold tdecode tdechold tmeas min 6 60 5 max 15 10 55 7 130 units ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns The LATCH signal holds the digitised frequency data when it is in the logic high state. When the LATCH signal is low, the digitising circuits are transparent and the data buses may change state rapidly increasing current consumption, thus to reduce this effect the latch signal should be held high and digitising initiated by a narrow logic low pulse. In order to capture 100 ns pulses the rising edge of the LATCH signal must occur no later than 94 ns after the start of the r.f. pulse. Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 3 of 3 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver Application Information The Amplitude Measurement Module and the Frequency Measurement Module are designed to be used together as the front end for a Radar Warning Receiver. The configuration described here has two Amplitude Modules facilitating direction of approach measurement from 4 directional antennae. If desired, only one Amplitude Module can be used in conjunction with an omni directional antenna forming a simple Radar Warning Receiver for simple classification of the threat signal. The unused input ports must be terminated with 50Ω loads. Both modules feature a power saving standby mode that turns off the bias to the microwave amplifiers. The power supply can be removed completely for better power efficiency but there is a penalty to pay in start-up time as the modules incorporate switch mode DC-DC converters that take time to stabilise. The amplitude module also incorporates a CW removal circuit which can take up to 30ms to stabilise. The frequency measurement module requires an externally generated latch signal to hold the frequency data word on the digital output. This can be derived from the amplitude measurement video output or from some other source. The responsibility for generating the latch rests with the application circuit. Refer to figure 3 for timing information for the latch generation. Options and Future Developments Other configurations may be possible, e.g., SMA connectors instead of SSMA, custom outline, different logging range, etc. In addition Filtronic is developing this product further to provide extended frequency range and a back end control system to integrate the trigger, direction of approach and emitter characterisation functions. Please contact the factory for further details. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy this release, please check with the factory for the latest information. Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 4 of 4 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver Typical Performance Data Figure 4: Log plot at 8 GHz Figure 5: Log plot at 13 GHz Figure 6: Log plot at 18 GHz Figure 7: Frequency Flatness at –50dBm input Figure 8: Cell size distribution - CW Figure 9: Frequency accuracy - CW Figure 10: Cell size distribution – 100ns pulse Figure 11: Frequency accuracy – 100ns pulse Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 5 of 5 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver Connector Details The Frequency Measurement Module connector is a 15 way Nanonics® Dualobe® single row receptacle. The mating part is a 15 way single row plug with wire leads. Example part number: SSM015PC2DC012N Table 4: Frequency Measurement Module Connector Designations Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Type POWER POWER POWER POWER IN TTL OUT TTL OUT TTL OUT TTL OUT TTL OUT TTL OUT TTL IN TTL IN TTL POWER POWER Signal +6V +6V -6V DGND Input Select D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 Trigger Standby (active low) GND GND The Amplitude Measurement Module connector is a 9 way Nanonics® Dualobe® single row receptacle. The mating part is a 9 way single row plug with wire leads. Example part number: SSM009PC2DC012N Table 5: Amplitude Measurement Module Connector Designations Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Type POWER POWER POWER GND IN TTL IN TTL GND OUTPUT GND Signal +6V +6V -6V Power Ground Antenna Select Standby (active low) Digital Ground Video Output Video Ground The mating connectors are available from: Nanonics® Corporation Call (623) 581-6188 or Fax (623) 581-8242 21644 North 14th Ave., Phoenix, Arizona 85027-2840 email: [email protected] www.nanonics.com Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 6 of 6 Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver Figure 12: Outline and fixing details © Filtronic Components Ltd – All rights reserved. Unauthorised reproduction prohibited. Man Portable Radar Warning Receiver - rev 1.1 - March 2001 Specifications subject to variation without notice. Check with factory for latest. E&OE Filtronic Components Ltd., Airedale House, Royal London Industrial Estate, Acorn Park, Shipley, West Yorkshire, BD17 7SW, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (1274) 531602, Fax: +44 (1274) 539724, Email: [email protected] Page 7 of 7