19-1252; Rev 0; 7/97 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches ________________________Applications ____________________________Features ♦ High 50Ω Off Isolation: -83dB at 10MHz ♦ Low 50Ω Crosstalk: -87dB at 10MHz ♦ DC to 350MHz -3dB Signal Bandwidth ♦ 60Ω Signal Paths with ±5V Supplies ♦ 2.5Ω Signal-Path Matching with ±5V Supplies ♦ 2Ω Signal-Path Flatness with ±5V Supplies ♦ Low 50Ω Insertion Loss: 2.5dB at 100MHz ♦ ±2.7V to ±6V Dual Supplies +2.7V to +12V Single Supply ♦ Low Power Consumption: <1µW ♦ Rail-to-Rail Bidirectional Signal Handling ♦ Pin Compatible with Industry-Standard DG540, DG542, DG643 ♦ >2kV ESD Protection per Method 3015.7 ♦ TTL/CMOS-Compatible Inputs with Single +5V or ±5V ______________Ordering Information RF Switching Video Signal Routing PART High-Speed Data Acquisition Test Equipment TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX4565CPP 0°C to +70°C 20 Plastic DIP MAX4565CWP 0°C to +70°C 20 Wide SO Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. ATE Equipment Networking _____________________Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables TOP VIEW IN1 1 19 COM2 GND1 3 18 GND2 N01 4 17 NO2 V- 5 16 V+ MAX4565 GND5 6 15 GND6 N04 7 14 N03 GND4 8 13 GND3 COM4 9 12 COM3 IN4 10 SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC “0” INPUT MAX4566 20 IN2 COM1 2 11 IN3 MAX4567 16 IN2 IN1 1 16 N02 COM1 2 15 COM2 N01 2 15 V+ GND1 3 14 GND2 IN1 1 V- 3 14 GND2 13 NO2 GND1 4 13 COM2 12 V+ COM1 5 12 GND3 NC4 6 11 NC3 GND4 6 11 V- GND4 7 10 GND3 V+ 7 COM4 8 9 COM3 NC1 8 N01 4 V- 5 10 NC2 9 IN2 DIP/SO/SSOP DIP/SO/QSOP MAX4565 LOGIC SWITCH LOGIC MAX4566 1, 2 3, 4 LOGIC NO-COM NC-COM 0 1 OFF ON ON OFF 0 1 OFF ON ON OFF 0 1 OFF ON DIP/SO/QSOP MAX4567 Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola Ltd. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468. MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 _______________General Description The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are low-voltage T-switches designed for switching RF and video signals from DC to 350MHz in 50Ω and 75Ω systems. The MAX4565 contains four normally open single-pole/singlethrow (SPST) switches. The MAX4566 contains two dual SPST switches (one normally open, one normally closed.) The MAX4567 contains two single-pole/double-throw (SPDT) switches. Each switch is constructed in a “T” configuration, ensuring excellent high-frequency off isolation and crosstalk of -83dB at 10MHz. They can handle Rail-to-Rail® analog signals in either direction. On-resistance (60Ω max) is matched between switches to 2.5Ω max and is flat (2Ω max) over the specified signal range, using ±5V supplies. The off leakage current is less than 5nA at +25°C and 50nA at +85°C. These CMOS switches can operate with dual power supplies ranging from ±2.7V to ±6V or a single supply between +2.7V and +12V. All digital inputs have 0.8V/2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring both TTL- and CMOS-logic compatibility when using ±5V or a single +5V supply. MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Voltages Referenced to GND) V+ ...........................................................................-0.3V, +13.0V V- ............................................................................-13.0V, +0.3V V+ to V-...................................................................-0.3V, +13.0V All Other Pins (Note 1) ..........................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................±25mA Peak Current into Any Terminal (pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle)..................................±50mA ESD per Method 3015.7 ..................................................>2000V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) (Note 2) 16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C) ..........................842mW 16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) ............................696mW 16-Pin QSOP (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C).......... 667mW 20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 8.0mW/°C above +70°C) ...640mW 20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) .. 800mW 20-Pin SSOP (derate 8.0mW/°C above +70°C) .......... 640mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX456_C_ E .....................................................0°C to +70°C MAX456_E_ E ..................................................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C Note 1: Voltages on all other pins exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (V+ = +4.5V to +5.5V, V- = -4.5V to -5.5V, VINL = 0.8V, VINH = 2.4V, VGND_ = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range Signal-Path On-Resistance Signal-Path On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) VCOM_, VNO_,VNC_ (Note 3) C, E RON V+ = 4.5V, V- = -4.5V, VCOM_ = ±2V, ICOM_ = 10mA +25°C ∆RON V+ = 4.5V, V- = -4.5V, VCOM_ = ±2V, ICOM_ = 10mA +25°C V46 C, E V+ V 60 Ω 80 1 C, E 2.5 3 Signal-Path On-Resistance Flatness (Note 5) RFLAT(ON) V+ = 5V; V- = -5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 0V, -1V; ICOM = 10mA NO_, NC_ Off Leakage Current (Note 6) INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, ± VCOM_ = ±4.5V, VN_ = 4.5V +25°C -1 C, E -10 COM_ Off Leakage Current (Note 6) ICOM_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, ± VCOM_ = ±4.5V, VN_ = 4.5V +25°C -1 C, E -10 COM_ On Leakage Current (Note 6) ICOM_(ON) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = ±4.5V +25°C -2 C, E -20 +25°C 0.3 0.02 2 1 10 0.02 1 10 0.04 2 20 Ω Ω nA nA nA LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L C, E 0.8 1.5 IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ C, E -1 0.03 2 VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V 1.5 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.4 V V 1 µA Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches (V+ = +4.5V to +5.5V, V- = -4.5V to -5.5V, VINL = 0.8V, VINH = 2.4V, VGND_ = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX 75 150 UNITS SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = ±3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 3 +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = ±3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 3 +25°C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4566/MAX4567 only) tBBM VCOM_ = ±3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 4 +25°C Q CL = 1.0nF, VNO_ = 0V, RS = 0Ω, Figure 5 +25°C 25 CN_(OFF) VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 7 +25°C 2.5 pF MAX4565 MAX4565, MAX4566 +25°C 2.5 pF MAX4565 VCOM_ = VNO_ = 0V, MAX4566 f = 1MHz, Figure 7 MAX4567 +25°C Charge Injection (Note 3) NO_, NC_ Off Capacitance COM_ Off Capacitance VCOM_ = 0V, CCOM_(OFF) f = 1MHz, Figure 7 COM_ On Capacitance CCOM_(ON) Off Isolation (Note 7) Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8) -3dB Bandwidth (Note 9) Distortion VISO VCT BW THD+N RL = 50Ω, VCOM_ = 1VRMS, f = 10MHz, Figure 6 MAX4565 RL = 50Ω, VCOM_ = 1VRMS, f = 10MHz, Figure 6 MAX4565 MAX4566 C, E 200 30 C, E 120 5 30 ns ns 60 pC 6 6 pF 7 -83 +25°C -82 MAX4567 MAX4566 100 ns dB -83 -92 +25°C -85 MAX4567 dB -87 Figure 6, RL = 50Ω +25°C 350 MHz VIN = 5Vp-p, f < 20kHz, 600Ω in and out +25°C 0.02 % POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range V+, V- C, E V+ Supply Current I+ V+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0V or V+ V - Supply Current I- V- = -5.5V -6 +25°C -1 C, E -10 +25°C -1 C, E -10 +6 0.05 1 10 0.05 1 10 V µA µA _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued) MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +5V Supply (V+ = +4.5V to +5.5V, V- = 0V, VINL = 0.8V, VINH = 2.4V, VGND_ = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ (Note 3) +25°C Signal-Path On-Resistance RON V+ = 4.5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA +25°C Signal-Path On-Resistance Match ∆RON V+ = 4.5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA +25°C 0 68 C, E V+ V 120 Ω 150 2 C, E 5 6 NO_, NC_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 6, 10) INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, VCOM_ = 1V, VN_ = 4.5V +25°C -1 1 C, E -10 10 COM_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 6, 10) ICOM_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, VCOM_ = 1V, VN_ = 4.5V +25°C -1 1 C, E -10 10 COM_ On Leakage Current (Notes 6, 10) ICOM_(ON) V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 4.5V +25°C -2 2 C, E -20 20 Ω nA nA nA LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L C, E 0.8 1.5 IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ C, E -1 0.001 1 130 200 VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V 1.5 2.4 V V µA SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 3 +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 3 +25°C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4566/MAX4567 only) tBBM VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 4 +25°C CL = 1.0nF, VNO = 2.5V, RS = 0Ω, Figure 5 +25°C 7 Charge Injection Q C, E 250 30 C, E 120 150 10 90 ns ns ns 25 pC Off-Isolation (Note 7) VISO RL = 50Ω, f = 10MHz, VCOM_ = 1VRMS, Figure 6 +25°C -81 dB Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8) VCT RL = 50Ω, f = 10MHz, VCOM_ = 1VRMS, MAX4567 Figure 6 +25°C -86 dB -3dB Bandwidth (Note 9) BW RL = 50Ω, Figure 6 +25°C 320 MHz POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current 4 I+ V+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0V or V+ +25°C -1 C, E -10 0.05 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 1 10 µA Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches (V+ = +2.7V to +3.6V, V- = 0V, VINL = 0.8V, VINH = 2.4V, VGND_ = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ (Note 3) +25°C RON V+ = 2.7V, VCOM_ = 1V, ICOM_ = 1mA +25°C IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H (Note 3) C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L (Note 3) C, E 0.8 IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V (Note 3) C, E -1 Signal-Path On-Resistance 0 150 C, E V+ V 350 Ω 450 LOGIC INPUT 1.0 2.4 1.0 V V 1 µA SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 3) Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 3 (Note 3) +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 3 (Note 3) +25°C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4566/MAX4567 only) tBBM VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 4 (Note 3) 270 C, E 500 600 40 C, E 100 120 +25°C 10 120 +25°C -1 0.05 C, E -10 ns ns ns POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current V+ Supply Current Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Note 8: Note 9: Note 10: I+ V+ = 3.6V, all VIN_ = 0V or V+ 1 10 µA The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. Guaranteed by design. ∆RON = ∆RON(MAX) - ∆RON(MIN). Resistance flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and the minimum value of on-resistance as measured over the specified analog signal range. Leakage parameters are 100% tested at the maximum rated hot temperature and guaranteed by correlation at +25°C. Off isolation = 20log10 [VCOM / (VNC or VNO)], VCOM = output, VNC or VNO = input to off switch. Between any two switches. -3dB bandwidth is measured relative to 100kHz. Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +3V Supply __________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, TA = +25°C, GND = 0V, packages are surface mount, unless otherwise noted.) V+ = 2V, V- = -2V V+ = 2V V+ = 3.3V V+ = 5V V+ = 7.5V 100 TA = +85°C 45 RON (Ω) RON (Ω) 100 TA = +125°C 55 V+ = 2.7V TA = +25°C 35 TA = 0°C 25 TA = -40°C V+ = 10V V+ = 3.3V, V- = -3.3V 15 V- = 0V 10 10 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 0 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VCOM (V) VCOM (V) ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY) ON/OFF-LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 110 TA = +125°C 90 TA = +85°C -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 VCOM (V) 10 MAX4565 TOC04 130 5 10 CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM 60 MAX4565 TOC05 -5 1 MAX4565 TOC06 V+ = 5V, V- = -5V MAX4565 TOC03 65 MAX4565TOC02 V+ = 1.2V, V- = -1.2V RON (Ω) 1000 MAX4565TOC01 1000 V+ = 2.7V, V- = -2.7V ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES) ON RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (SINGLE SUPPLY) ON RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES) 50 TA = +25°C 70 TA = 0°C 50 ON LEAKAGE 0.1 OFF LEAKAGE 0.01 DUAL SUPPLIES 30 20 SINGLE SUPPLY 10 TA = -55°C 0.001 30 0 -10 0.0001 10 -75 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 TEMPERATURE (°C) VCOM (V) ON/OFF TIME vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE ON/OFF TIME vs. TEMPERATURE POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 100 tON 90 60 50 30 tOFF tOFF V+, V- (V) ±6 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 10 ±5 I- 20 0 ±4 0.01 tOFF 40 tON 50 5 I+ 70 I+, I- (µA) tON, tOFF (ns) 100 0.1 tON 80 150 1 4 MAX4565 TOC09 110 MAX4565 TOC07 200 ±3 -4 VCOM (V) 250 ±2 -5 100 125 MAX4565 TOC08 0 6 Qj (pC) LEAKAGE (nA) RON (Ω) 40 tON, tOFF (ns) MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches ±8 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 75 100 125 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 75 100 125 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches MAX4567 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs. V+ SUPPLY VOLTAGE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (%) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 V+ = +5V V- = -5V SIGNAL = 5Vp-p 600Ω IN AND OUT 10 1 0.1 0.01 0 2 4 6 8 10 10 12 100 MAX4565 FREQUENCY RESPONSE 120 100 80 60 40 ADJACENT CHANNEL CROSSTALK 20 ON PHASE 0 -20 OFF ISOLATION -40 -60 -80 OPPOSITE CHANNEL CROSSTALK -110 -120 10 100 -40 -50 -60 1000 10 0 ADJACENT CHANNEL CROSSTALK (ON) -100 -110 -120 -100 -120 30 20 OFF ISOLATION -70 -80 -90 0.1 1 60 50 40 PHASE (ON) FREQUENCY (MHz) 10 100 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX4567 FREQUENCY RESPONSE ON LOSS -20 -30 100 80 60 40 -40 20 ON PHASE -50 -60 0 -20 OFF ISOLATION -70 -40 -80 ON PHASE (DEGREES) 0 -10 SWITCH LOSS (dB) 1 -30 MAX4565toc13 -80 -90 -100 INSERTION LOSS (ON) OPPOSITE CHANNEL CROSSTALK (ON) -20 LOSS (dB) ON LOSS -60 -70 100k MAX4565 TOC12 0 -10 ON PHASE (DEGREES) 0 -50 10k MAX4566 FREQUENCY RESPONSE MAX14565 TOC11 -10 -20 -30 -40 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) V+ (V) PHASE (DEGREES) 0 SWITCH LOSS (dB) MAX14565 TOC14 100 MAX4565TOC10 LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD (V) 3.0 -60 -90 -80 CROSSTALK -100 -100 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 ____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, TA = +25°C, GND = 0V, packages are surface mount, unless otherwise noted.) MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches ______________________________________________________________Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION* MAX4565 MAX4566 MAX4567 1, 10, 11, 20 1, 16 1, 9 IN_ 3, 6, 8, 13, 15, 18 3, 7, 10, 14 4, 6, 12, 14 GND_ 16 12 7, 15 V+ Positive Supply-Voltage Input (analog and digital) 5 5 3, 11 V- Negative Supply-Voltage Input. Connect to ground plane for single-supply operation. 4, 7, 14, 17 4, 13 2, 16 NO_ Analog Switch Normally Open** Terminals — 6, 11 8, 10 NC_ Analog Switch Normally Closed** Terminals 2, 9, 12, 19 2, 8, 9, 15 5, 13 COM_ Digital Control Input RF and Logic Ground. Grounds are not internally connected to each other, and should all be connected to a ground plane (see Grounding section). Analog Switch Common** Terminals * All pins have ESD diodes to V- and V+. ** NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction. _______________Theory of Operation The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are high-frequency “T” switches. Each “T” switch consists of two series CMOS switches, with a third N-channel switch at the junction that shunts capacitively-coupled signals to ground when the series switches are off. This produces superior high-frequency signal isolation when the switch is turned off. Logic-Level Translators The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are constructed as high-frequency “T” switches, as shown in Figure 1. The logic-level input, IN_, is translated by amplifier A1 into a V+ to V- logic signal that drives amplifier A2. (Amplifier A2 is an inverter for normally closed switches.) Amplifier A2 drives the gates of N-channel MOSFETs N1 and N2 from V+ to V-, turning them fully on or off. The same signal drives inverter A3 (which drives the P-channel MOSFETs P1 and P2) from V+ to V-, turning them fully on or off, and drives the N-channel MOSFET N3 off and on. The logic-level threshold is determined by V+ and GND_. The voltage on GND_ is usually at ground potential, but it may be set to any voltage between (V+ - 2V) and V-. When the voltage between V+ and GND_ is less than 2V, the level translators become very slow and unreliable. Since individual switches in each package have individual GND_ pins, they may be set to different voltages. Normally, however, they should all be connected to the ground plane. 8 NORMALLY OPEN SWITCH CONSTRUCTION N1 COM_ D IN_ COM_ - NO_ 0 1 OFF ON N2 S D P1 P2 D S NO_ S S D V+ A1 A2 D A3 IN_ N3 S GND_ V+ VA2 (NC) ESD DIODES ON GND_, IN_, COM_, NO_, AND NC_ V- Figure 1. T-Switch Construction Switch On Condition When the switch is on, MOSFETs N1, N2, P1, and P2 are on and MOSFET N3 is off. The signal path is COM_ to NO_, and because both N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs act as pure resistances, it is symmetrical (i.e., signals may pass in either direction). The off MOSFET, N3, has no DC conduction, but has a small _______________________________________________________________________________________ Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 are optimized for ±5V operation. Using lower supply voltages or a single supply increases switching time, increases on-resistance (and therefore on-state attenuation), and increases nonlinearity. Switch Off Condition When the switch is off, MOSFETs N1, N2, P1, and P2 are off and MOSFET N3 is on. The signal path is through the off-capacitances of the series MOSFETs, but it is shunted to ground by N3. This forms a highpass filter whose exact characteristics are dependent on the source and load impedances. In 50Ω systems, and below 10MHz, the attenuation can exceed 80dB. This value decreases with increasing frequency and increasing circuit impedances. External capacitance and board layout have a major role in determining overall performance. __________Applications Information Power-Supply Considerations Overview The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 construction is typical of most CMOS analog switches. It has three supply pins: V+, V-, and GND. V+ and V- are used to drive the internal CMOS switches and set the limits of the analog voltage on any switch. Reverse ESD protection diodes are internally connected between each analog signal pin and both V+ and V-. If the voltage on any pin exceeds V+ or V-, one of these diodes will conduct. During normal operation these reverse-biased ESD diodes leak, forming the only current drawn from V-. Virtually all the analog leakage current is through the ESD diodes. Although the ESD diodes on a given signal pin are identical, and therefore fairly well balanced, they are reverse biased differently. Each is biased by either V+ or V- and the analog signal. This means their leakages vary as the signal varies. The difference in the two diode leakages from the signal path to the V+ and V- pins constitutes the analog signal-path leakage current. All analog leakage current flows to the supply terminals, not to the other switch terminal. This explains how both sides of a given switch can show leakage currents of either the same or opposite polarity. There is no connection between the analog signal paths and GND. The analog signal paths consist of an N-channel and P-channel MOSFET with their sources and drains paralleled and their gates driven out of phase with V+ and V- by the logic-level translators. V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators, and set the input logic thresholds. The logic-level translators convert the logic levels to switched V+ and V- signals to drive the gates of the analog switches. This drive signal is the only connection between the logic supplies and the analog supplies. All pins have ESD protection to V+ and to V-. Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds, but it does increase the drive to the P-channel switches, reducing their on-resistance. V- also sets the negative limit of the analog signal voltage. The logic-level thresholds are CMOS and TTL compatible when V+ is +5V. As V+ is raised, the threshold increases slightly; when V+ reaches +12V, the level threshold is about 3.1V, which is above the TTL output high-level minimum of 2.8V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs. Bipolar-Supply Operation The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 operate with bipolar supplies between ±2.7V and ±6V. The V+ and V- supplies need not be symmetrical, but their sum cannot exceed the absolute maximum rating of 13.0V. Do not connect the MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 V+ pin to +3V and connect the logic-level input pins to TTL logic-level signals. TTL logic-level outputs can exceed the absolute maximum ratings, causing damage to the part and/or external circuits. CAUTION: The absolute maximum V+ to V- differential voltage is 13.0V. Typical “±6-Volt” or “12-Volt” supplies with ±10% tolerances can be as high as 13.2V. This voltage can damage the MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567. Even ±5% tolerance supplies may have overshoot or noise spikes that exceed 13.0V. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 amount of capacitance to GND_. The four on MOSFETs also have capacitance to ground that, together with the series resistance, forms a lowpass filter. All of these capacitances are distributed evenly along the series resistance, so they act as a transmission line rather than a simple R-C filter. This helps to explain the exceptional 350MHz bandwidth when the switches are on. Typical attenuation in 50Ω systems is -2.5dB and is reasonably flat up to 300MHz. Higher-impedance circuits show even lower attenuation (and vice versa), but slightly lower bandwidth due to the increased effect of the internal and external capacitance and the switch’s internal resistance. MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches Single-Supply Operation The MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 operate from a single supply between +2.7V and +12V when V- is connected to GND. All of the bipolar precautions must be observed. Note, however, that these parts are optimized for ±5V operation, and most AC and DC characteristics are degraded significantly when departing from ±5V. As the overall supply voltage (V+ to V-) is lowered, switching speed, on-resistance, off isolation, and distortion are degraded. (See Typical Operating Characteristics.) Single-supply operation also limits signal levels and interferes with grounded signals. When V- = 0V, AC signals are limited to -0.3V. Voltages below -0.3V can be clipped by the internal ESD-protection diodes, and the parts can be damaged if excessive current flows. Power Off When power to the MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 is off (i.e., V+ = 0V and V- = 0V), the Absolute Maximum Ratings still apply. This means that neither logic-level inputs on IN_ nor signals on COM_, NO_, or NC_ can exceed ±0.3V. Voltages beyond ±0.3V cause the internal ESD-protection diodes to conduct, and the parts can be damaged if excessive current flows. Grounding DC Ground Considerations Satisfactory high-frequency operation requires that careful consideration be given to grounding. For most applications, a ground plane is strongly recommended, and all GND_ pins should be connected to it with solid copper. While the V+ and V- power-supply pins are common to all switches in a given package, each switch has separate ground pins that are not internally connected to each other. This contributes to the overall high-frequency performance and provides added flexibility in some applications, but it can cause problems if it is overlooked. All the GND_ pins have ESD diodes to V+ and V-. In systems that have separate digital and analog (signal) grounds, connect these switch GND_ pins to analog ground. Preserving a good signal ground is much more important than preserving a digital ground. The logic-level inputs, IN_, have voltage thresholds determined by V+ and GND_. (V- does not influence the logic-level threshold.) With +5V and 0V applied to V+ and GND_, the threshold is about 1.6V, ensuring compatibility with TTL- and CMOS-logic drivers. The various GND_ pins can be connected to separate voltage potentials if any or all of the logic-level inputs is 10 not a normal logic signal. (The GND_ voltages cannot exceed (V+ - 2V) or V-.) Elevating GND_ reduces off isolation. For example, using the MAX4565, if GND2– GND6 are connected to 0V and GND1 is connected to V-, then switches 2, 3, and 4 would be TTL/CMOS compatible, but switch 1 (IN1) could be driven with the railto-rail output of an op amp operating from V+ and V-. Note, however, that IN_ can be driven more negative than GND_, as far as V-. GND_ does not have to be removed from 0V when IN_ is driven from bipolar sources, but the voltage on IN_ should never exceed V-. GND_ should be separated from 0V only if the logiclevel threshold has to be changed. Any GND_ pin not connected to 0V should be bypassed to the ground plane with a surface-mount 10nF capacitor to maintain good RF grounding. DC current in the IN_ and GND_ pins is less than 1nA, but increases with switching frequency. On the MAX4565 only, two extra ground pins—GND5 and GND6—are provided to improve isolation and crosstalk. They are not connected to the logic-level circuit. These pins should always be connected to the ground plane with solid copper. AC Ground and Bypassing A ground plane is mandatory for satisfactory highfrequency operation. (Prototyping using hand wiring or wire-wrap boards is strongly discouraged.) Connect all 0V GND_ pins to the ground plane with solid copper. (The GND_ pins extend the high-frequency ground through the package wire-frame, into the silicon itself, thus improving isolation.) The ground plane should be solid metal underneath the device, without interruptions. There should be no traces under the device itself. For DIP packages, this applies to both sides of a twosided board. Failure to observe this will have a minimal effect on the “on” characteristics of the switch at high frequencies, but it will degrade the off isolation and crosstalk. Bypass all V+ and V- pins to the ground plane with surface-mount 10nF capacitors. For DIP packages, mount the capacitors as close as possible to the pins on the same side of the board as the device. Do not use feedthroughs or vias for bypass capacitors. For surface-mount packages, bypass capacitors should be mounted on the opposite side of the board from the device. In this case, use short feedthroughs or vias, directly under the V+ and V- pins. Any GND_ pin not connected to 0V should be similarly bypassed. If Vis 0V, connect it directly to the ground plane with solid copper. Keep all leads short. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches 10nF Board Layout IC sockets degrade high-frequency performance and should not be used if signal bandwidth exceeds 5MHz. Surface-mount parts, having shorter internal lead frames, provide the best high-frequency performance. Keep all bypass capacitors close to the device, and separate all signal leads with ground planes. Such grounds tend to be wedge-shaped as they get closer to the device. Use vias to connect the ground planes on each side of the board, and place the vias in the apex of the wedge-shaped grounds that separate signal leads. Logic-level signal lead placement is not critical. V+ V+ GND5 1 1 GND6 Signal Routing Keep all signal leads as short as possible. Separate all signal leads from each other and other traces with the ground plane on both sides of the board. Where possible, use coaxial cable instead of printed circuit board traces. MAX4565 2 2 COM1 3 3 NO1 GND1 4 50/75Ω OUT/IN OUT MAX4565 1 4 2 COM2 NO2 GND2 3 COM3 NO3 COM4 IN3 IN4 50/75Ω OUT/IN ADDRESS DECODING NO4 GND4 IN2 MAX4565 4 GND3 IN1 OUT IN1 OUT 1 5 IN2 6 TO ADDITIONAL MUXES 2 IN3 3 7 IN4 V- 8 MAX4565 4 10nF V- Figure 2. 4-Channel Multiplexer ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 The MAX4567 has two V+ and two V- pins. Make DC connections to only one of each to minimize crosstalk. Do not route DC current into one of the V+ or V- pins and out the other V+ or V- pin to other devices. The second set of V+ and V- pins is for AC bypassing only. For dual-supply operation, the MAX4567 should have four 10nF bypass capacitors connected to each V+ and V- pin as close to the package as possible. For single-supply operation, the MAX4567 should have two 10nF bypass capacitors connected (one to each V+ pin) as close to the package as possible. On the MAX4565, GND5 and GND6 should always be connected to the ground plane with solid copper to improve isolation and crosstalk. MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches Multiplexer With its excellent off isolation, the MAX4565 is ideal for use in high-frequency video multiplexers. Figure 2 shows such an application for switching any one of four video inputs to a single output. The same circuit may be used as a demultiplexer by simply reversing the signal direction. Stray capacitance of traces and the output capacitance of switches placed in parallel reduces bandwidth, so the outputs of no more than four individual switches should be placed in parallel to maintain a high bandwidth. If more than four mux channels are needed, the 4-channel circuit should be duplicated and cascaded. ______________________________________________Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams 10nF +5V V+ NO_OR NC_ V+ VIN_ 3V 50% 50% 0V MAX4565 MAX4566 MAX4567 VIN_ IN_ COM_ V- GND_ 90% VOUT VOUT RL = 300Ω 50Ω 90% 0V tOFF tON 10nF -5V REPEAT TEST FOR EACH SWITCH. ALL GND_ PINS ARE CONNECTED TO GROUND PLANE (OV). V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (OV) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. Figure 3. Switching Time 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches 10nF +5V V+ * COM3 3V * COM2 MAX4566 * N02 VIN_ IN_ VOUT * NC3 GND_ RL = 300Ω 50Ω tR < 20ns tF < 20ns V+ V- 50% VIN_ 0V 10nF -5V 80% * REPEAT TEST FOR OTHER PAIR OF SWITCHES. VOUT 10nF +5V 0V tBBM V+ **NC_ 1V ALL GND_ PINS ARE CONNECTED TO GROUND PLANE (OV). V+ IS CONNECTED TO GND (OV) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. **NO_ MAX4567 VIN_ IN_ **COM_ V- GND_ VOUT RL = 300Ω 50Ω 10nF -5V ** REPEAT TEST FOR OTHER SWITCH. Figure 4. Break-Before-Make Interval (MAX4566/MAX4567 only) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 _________________________________Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches _________________________________Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) 10nF +5V V+ NO_ OR NC_ V+ VIN_ VNO = 0V 0V MAX4565 MAX4566 MAX4567 VIN_ IN_ COM_ GND_ V- ∆VOUT VOUT VOUT CL = 1000pF 50Ω 10nF ∆VOUT IS THE MEASURED VOLTAGE DUE TO CHARGE TRANSFER ERROR Q WHEN THE CHANNEL TURNS OFF. -5V Q = ∆VOUT x CL V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. Figure 5. Charge Injection +5V 10nF V OFF ISOLATION = 20log OUT VIN NETWORK ANALYZER 0V OR V+ V+ IN_ NO_ MAX4565 MAX4566 MAX4567 COM_ GND_ V- 50Ω VIN VOUT 50Ω MEAS 50Ω ON LOSS = 20log REF V CROSSTALK = 20log OUT VIN 50Ω 10nF -5V MEASUREMENTS ARE STANDARDIZED AGAINST SHORT AT IC TERMINALS. OFF ISOLATION IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND "OFF" NO_ OR NC_ TERMINAL ON EACH SWITCH. ON LOSS IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND "ON" NO_ OR NC_TERMINAL ON EACH SWITCH. CROSSTALK IS MEASURED FROM ONE CHANNEL TO ALL OTHER CHANNELS. SIGNAL DIRECTION THROUGH SWITCH IS REVERSED; WORST VALUES ARE RECORDED. V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. Figure 6. On Loss, Off Isolation, and Crosstalk 14 VOUT VIN ______________________________________________________________________________________ Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches _________________Chip Topographies MAX4565 10nF +5V COM1 IN1 IN2 COM2 0V OR V+ V+ IN_ NO_ GND_ N.C. NC_ MAX4565 MAX4566 MAX4567 GND2 GND1 1MHz CAPACITANCE ANALYZER COM_ V- NO2 NO1 V+ GND6 VGND5 0.082" (2.08mm) NO3 NO4 10nF GND3 GND4 -5V N.C. ALL GND_ PINS ARE CONNECTED TO GROUND PLANE (0V). COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 0.072" (1.83mm) Figure 7. NO_, NC_, COM_ Capacitance MAX4566 MAX4567 NO1 IN1 NO2 COM1 IN1 IN2 COM2 N.C. GND2 GND1 NO2 NO1 V+ 0.082" N.C. (2.08mm) NC3 VN.C. V+ V- GND2 GND1 N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. COM2 COM1 0.082" (2.08mm) N.C. N.C. NC4 N.C. N.C. GND3 GND4 V- N.C. GND4 COM4 COM3 GND3 0.072" (1.83mm) V+ NC1 IN2 NC2 0.072" (1.83mm) TRANSISTOR COUNT: 257 SUBSTRATE INTERNALLY CONNECTED TO V+ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Test Circuits/Timing ______________Diagrams (continued) ___________________________________________Ordering Information (continued) PART MAX4565CAP MAX4565C/D TEMP. RANGE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C PIN-PACKAGE 20 SSOP Dice* MAX4565EPP MAX4565EWP MAX4565EAP -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 20 Plastic DIP 20 Wide SO 20 SSOP MAX4566CPE MAX4566CSE MAX4566CEE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 QSOP MAX4566C/D MAX4566EPE MAX4566ESE 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C Dice* 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX4566EEE MAX4567CPE MAX4567CSE PART -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 16 QSOP 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO MAX4567CEE MAX4567C/D MAX4567EPE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C 16 QSOP Dice* 16 Plastic DIP MAX4567ESE MAX4567EEE -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO 16 QSOP *Contact factory for dice specifications. ________________________________________________________Package Information QSOP.EPS MAX4565/MAX4566/MAX4567 Quad/Dual, Low-Voltage, Bidirectional RF/Video Switches Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 1997 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.