INTERSIL ISL97650ARTZ-T

ISL97650
®
Data Sheet
November 28, 2006
4-Channel Integrated LCD Supply
Features
The ISL97650 represents a high power, integrated LCD
supply IC targeted at large panel LCD displays. The
ISL97650 integrates a high power, 2.6A boost converter for
AVDD generation, an integrated VON charge pump, a VOFF
charge pump driver, VON slicing circuitry and a buck
regulator with 2A switch for logic generation.
• 4V to 14V input supply
The ISL97650 has been designed for ease of layout and low
BOM cost. Supply sequencing is integrated for both
AVDD -> VOFF -> VON and AVDD/VOFF -> VON sequences.
The TFT power sequence uses a separate enable to the
logic buck regulator for maximum flexibility.
Peak efficiencies are >90% for both the boost and buck while
operating from a 4V to 14V input supply. The current mode
buck offers superior line and load regulation. Available in the
36 Ld QFN package, the ISL97650 is specified for ambient
operation over the -40°C to +105°C temperature range.
FN9198.3
• AVDD boost up to 20V, with integrated 2.8A FET
• Integrated VON charge pump, up to 35V out
• VOFF charge pump driver, down to -18V
• VLOGIC buck down to 1.2V, with integrated 2A FET
• Automatic start-up sequencing
- AVDD -> VOFF -> VON or AVDD/VOFF -> VON
- Independent logic enable
• VON slicing
• Thermally enhanced 6x6 Thin QFN package
• Pb-free plus anneal available (RoHS compliant)
Applications
• LCD monitors (15”+)
Pinout
• LCD-TVs (up to 40”)
• Notebook displays (up to 16”)
28 VDC1
29 CDEL
• Industrial/medical LCD displays
30 ENL
31 DELB
32 CM1
33 VIN
34 FBB
35 EN
36 VDC2
ISL97650
(36 LD TQFN)
TOP VIEW
Ordering Information
LX1 1
27 AGND1
LX2 2
26 PGND1
CB 3
25 PGND2
LXL 4
24 VINL
THERMAL
PAD
NC 5
23 NOUT
VSUP 6
22 PGND3
1
PART
MARKING
TAPE &
REEL
PACKAGE PKG.
(Pb-Free) DWG. #
ISL97650ARTZ-T ISL97650ARTZ 13” (4k pcs) 36 Ld 6x6
Thin QFN
L36.6x6
ISL97650ARTZ-TK ISL97650ARTZ 13” (1k pcs) 36 Ld 6x6
Thin QFN
L36.6x6
NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free
material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100%
matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and
compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow
temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of
IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
NC 18
C2+ 17
C2- 16
C1+ 15
19 FBP
C1- 14
CTL 9
POUT 13
20 VREF
COM 12
CM2 8
DRN 11
21 FBN
AGND2 10
FBL 7
PART NUMBER
(Note)
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL97650
Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = +25°C)
Thermal Information
Maximum Pin Voltages, all pins except below . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5V
LX1, LX2, VSUP, NOUT, DELB, C2- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24V
C1- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14V
VIN1, VINL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5V
DRN, COM, POUT, C1+, C2+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36V
CB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21V
Thermal Resistance
Recommended Operating Conditions
Input Voltage Range, VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4V to 14V
Boost Output Voltage Range, AVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +20V
VON Output Range, VON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +15V to +32V
VOFF Output Range, VOFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15V to -5V
Logic Output Voltage Range, VLOGIC . . . . . . . . . . . . +1.5V to +3.3V
Input Capacitance, CIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2x10µF
Boost Inductor, L1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3µH-10µH
Output Capacitance, COUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2x22µF
Buck Inductor, L2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3µH-10µH
Operating Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . -40°C to +105°C
Operating Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +125°C
θJA (°C/W)
θJC (°C/W)
6x6 QFN Package (Notes 1, 2) . . . . . .
30
2.5
Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . +150°C
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . +300°C
Power Dissipation
TA ≤ +25°C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3W
TA = +70°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.8W
TA = +85°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3W
TA = +100°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.8W
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
+150°C max junction temperature is intended for short periods of time to prevent shortening the lifetime. Operation close to +150°C junction may trigger the shutdown of
the device even before +150°C, since this number is specified as typical.
NOTES:
1. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See
Tech Brief TB379.
2. For θJC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 12V, VBOOST = VSUP = 15V, VON = 25V, VOFF = -8V, over temperature from -40°C to +105°C, unless
otherwise stated.
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SUPPLY PINS
VIN
Supply Voltage (VIN1)
4
12
14
V
VINL
Logic Supply Voltage
4
12
14
V
VSUP
Charge Pumps and VON Slice Positive
Supply
4
20
V
IVIN
Quiescent Current into VIN
IINL
Logic Supply Current
Enabled, No switching
3
5
mA
Disabled
25
50
µA
0.25
2
mA
1
25
µA
1
mA
1
10
µA
3.85
4
V
Enabled, No switching
Disabled
ISUP
VSUP Supply Current
Enabled, No Switching and VPout = VSUP
Disabled
VLOR
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VDC rising
VLOF
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VDC falling
3.3
3.45
VREF
Reference Voltage
TA = +25°C
1.18
1.205
1.225
V
1.177
1.205
1.228
V
1020
1200
1380
kHz
20
25
%
FOSC
Oscillator Frequency
V
AVDD BOOST
DMIN
Minimum Duty Cycle
DMAX
Maximum Duty Cycle
2
84
%
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 12V, VBOOST = VSUP = 15V, VON = 25V, VOFF = -8V, over temperature from -40°C to +105°C, unless
otherwise stated. (Continued)
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
VBOOST
Boost Output Range
IBOOST
Boost Switch Current
Current limit
EFFBOOST
Peak Efficiency
See graphs and component
recommendations
rDS(ON)
Switch On Resistance
ΔVBOOST/ΔVIN
Line Regulation
ΔVBOOST/ΔIOUT
VFBB
MIN
TYP
1.25
*VIN
2.6
3.2
MAX
UNIT
20
V
3.8
A
90+
%
160
300
mΩ
5V < VIN < 13V
0.4
1.0
%/V
Load Regulation
100mA < Iload < 200mA
0.1
0.5
%
Boost Feedback Voltage
TA = +25°C
1.192
1.205
1.218
V
1.188
1.205
1.222
V
1.5
%
ACCBOOST
AVDD Output Accuracy
TA = +25°C
tss
Soft-Start Period for AVDD
CDEL = 220nF
VBUCK
Buck Output Voltage
Output current = 0.5A
1.5
IBUCK
Buck Switch Current
Current limit
2.0
EFFBUCK
Peak Efficiency
See graphs and component
recommendations
RDS-ONBK
Switch On Resistance
ΔVBUCK/ΔVIN
Line Regulation
ΔVBUCK/ΔIOUT
VFBL
-1.5
9.6
ms
VLOGIC BUCK
2.4
5.5
V
2.9
A
92
%
200
400
mΩ
5V < VIN < 13V
0.1
1.0
%/V
Load Regulation
100mA < Iload < 500mA
0.2
1
%
FBL Regulation Voltage
TA = +25°C
1.176
1.2
1.224
V
1.174
1.2
1.226
V
2
%
ACCLOGIC
VLOGIC Output Accuracy
TA = +25°C
tssL
Soft-Start Period for V(Logic)
C(VREF) = 220nF (Note - no soft-start if EN
asserted HIGH before ENB)
-2
0.5
ms
NEGATIVE (VOFF) CHARGE PUMP
VOFF
VOFF Output Voltage Range
2X Charge Pump
ILoad_NCP_min
External Load Driving Capability
VSUP > 5V
Ron(NOUT)H
High-Side Driver ON Resistance at
NOUT
I(NOUT) = +60mA
10
Ω
Ron(NOUT)L
Low-Side Driver ON Resistance at NOUT I(NOUT) = -60mA
5
Ω
Ipu(NOUT)lim
Pull-Up Current Limit in NOUT
V(NOUT) = 0V to V(SUP)-0.5V
Ipd(NOUT)lim
Pull-Down Current Limit in NOUT
V(NOUT) = 0.36V to V(VSUP)
I(NOUT)leak
Leakage Current in NOUT
V(FBN) < 0 or EN = LOW
VFBN
FBN Regulation Voltage
TA = +25°C
ACCN
VOFF Output Accuracy
D_NCP_max
Max Duty Cycle of the Negative Charge
Pump
Rpd(FBN)off
Pull-Down Resistance, Not Active
3
IOFF = 1mA, TA = +25°C
-VSUP
+1.4V
0
30
60
mA
270
-200
-5
mA
-60
mA
5
µA
0.173
0.203
0.233
V
0.171
0.203
0.235
V
+3
%
-3
50
I(FBN) = 500µA
V
1.5
3.3
%
5.5
kΩ
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 12V, VBOOST = VSUP = 15V, VON = 25V, VOFF = -8V, over temperature from -40°C to +105°C, unless
otherwise stated. (Continued)
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
34
V
POSITIVE (VON) CHARGE PUMP
VON
VON Output Voltage Range
2X or 3X Charge Pump
VSUP+
2V
ILoad_PCP_min
External Load Driving Capability
VON = 25V (2X Charge Pump)
20
mA
VON = 34V (3X Charge Pump)
20
mA
17
Ω
30
Ω
7
Ω
Ron(VSUP_SW)
ON Resistance of VSUP Input Switch
I(switch) = +40mA
Ron(C1/2-)H
High-Side Driver ON Resistance at
C1- and C2-
I(C1/2-) = +40mA
Ron(C1/2-)L
Low-Side Driver ON Resistance at
C1- and C2-
I(C1/2-) = -40mA
Ipu(VSUP_SW)
Pull-Up Current Limit in VSUP Input
Switch
V(C2+) = 0V to V(SUP) - 0.4V - V(diode)
40
100
mA
Ipu(C1/2-)
Pull-Up Current Limit in C1- and C2-
V(C1/2-) = 0V to V(VSUP) - 0.4V
40
100
mA
Ipd(C1/2-)
Pull-Down Current Limit in C1- and C2-
V(C1/2-) = 0.2V to V(VSUP)
I(POUT)leak
Leakage Current in POUT
EN = LOW
-5
VFBP
FBP Regulation Voltage
TA = +25°C
1.176
1.172
10
4
-100
-40
mA
5
µA
1.2
1.224
V
1.2
1.228
V
+2
%
ACCP
VON Output Accuracy
D_PCP_max
Max Duty Cycle of the Positive Charge
Pump
50
V(diode)
Internal Schottky Diode Forward Voltage I(diode) = +40mA
700
ION = 1mA, TA = +25°C
-2
%
800
mV
ENABLE INPUTS
VHI-EN
Enable “HIGH”
VLO_EN
Enable “LOW”
IEN_pd
Enable Pin Pull-Down Current
VHI-ENL
Logic Enable “HIGH”
VLO-ENL
Logic Enable “LOW”
IENL_pd
Logic Enable Pin Pull-Down Current
2.2
V
VEN > VLO_EN
0.8
V
25
µA
2.2
V
VENL > VLO_ENL
0.8
V
25
µA
VON SLICE POSITIVE SUPPLY = V(POUT)
I(POUT)_slice
VON Slice Current from POUT Supply
CTL = VDD, sequence complete
200
400
µA
CTL = AGND, sequence complete
100
150
µA
RON(POUT-COM) ON Resistance between POUT - COM
CTL = VDD, sequence complete
5
10
Ω
RON(DRN-COM)
ON Resistance between DRN - COM
CTL = ACGND, sequence complete
30
60
Ω
RON_COM
ON Resistance between COM and
PGND3
500
1500
Ω
VLO
CTL Input LOW Voltage
0.8
V
VHI
CTL Input HIGH Voltage
200
2.2
V
FAULT DETECTION THRESHOLDS
T_off
Thermal Shut-Down (latched and reset
by power cycle or EN cycle)
Temperature rising
150
°C
Vth_AVDD(FBB)
AVDD Boost Short Detection
V(FBB) falling less than
0.9
V
V(FBL) falling less than
0.9
V
Vth_VLOGIC(FBL) VLOGIC Buck Short Detection
4
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 12V, VBOOST = VSUP = 15V, VON = 25V, VOFF = -8V, over temperature from -40°C to +105°C, unless
otherwise stated. (Continued)
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Vth_POUT(FBP)
POUT Charge Pump Short Detection
V(FBP) falling less than
0.9
V
Vth_NOUT(FBN)
NOUT Charge Pump Short Detection
V(FBN) rising more than
0.4
V
TFD
Fault Delay Time to Chip Turns Off
52
ms
80
ms
START-UP SEQUENCING
tSTART-UP
Enable to AVDD Start Time
IDELB_ON
DELB Pull-Down Current or Resistance VDELB > 0.9V
when Enabled by the Start-Up Sequence
VDELB < 0.9V
CDEL = 220nF
36
50
70
µA
1.00
1.326
1.75
kΩ
500
nA
220
nF
IDELB_OFF
DELB Pull-Down Current or Resistance VDELB < 20V
when Disabled
CDEL
Sequence Timing and Fault Time Out
Capacitor
tVOFF
AVDD to VOFF
CDEL = 220nF
9
ms
tVON
VOFF to VON Delay
CDEL = 220nF
20
ms
tVON-SLICE
VON to VON-SLICE Delay
CDEL = 220nF
17
ms
10
Typical Performance Curves
100
0.12
VIN = 5V
VIN = 12V
0.1
LOAD REGULATION (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
VIN = 5V
60
40
20
VIN = 12V
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0
0
500
1000
0
1500
500
IO (mA)
1000
1500
2000
IO (mA)
FIGURE 2. BOOST LOAD REGULATION
FIGURE 1. BOOST EFFICIENCY
100
0
VIN = 5V
LOAD REGULATION (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
VIN = 12V
60
40
20
0
-0.5
VIN = 5V
VIN = 12V
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
0
500
1000
1500
IO (mA)
FIGURE 3. BUCK EFFICIENCY
5
2000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
IO (mA)
FIGURE 4. BUCK LOAD REGULATION
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
0
0
-0.1
-0.05
VON LOAD REGULATION (%)
VOFF LOAD REGULATION (%)
Typical Performance Curves (Continued)
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
VOFF = -8V
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.1
-0.15
VON = 25V
-0.2
-0.25
-0.3
-0.35
0
10
20
30
40
50
IOFF (mA)
60
70
FIGURE 5. VOFF LOAD REGULATION vs IOFF
Ch1=LX(boost)(5V/DIV)
Ch2=Io(Boost)(10mA/DIV)
200ns/DIV
FIGURE 7. BOOST DISCONTINUOUS MODE
80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
ION (mA)
FIGURE 6. VON LOAD REGULATION vs ION
Ch1=LX(boost)(5V/DIV)
Ch2=Io(Boost)(10mA/DIV)
200ns/DIV
FIGURE 8. THRESHOLD OF BOOST FROM DC TO CC MODE
Ch1=LX(buck)(5V/DIV)
Ch2=Io(Buck)(10mA/DIV)
Ch1=LX(buck)(5V/DIV)
Ch2=Io(Buck)(10mA/DIV)
400ns/DIV
FIGURE 9. BUCK DISCONTINUOUS MODE
6
400ns/DIV
FIGURE 10. THRESHOLD OF BUCK FROM DC TO CC MODE
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Typical Performance Curves (Continued)
Ch1 = VIN Ch2 = LX, Ch3 = AVDD, Ch4 = IINDUCTOR
Ch1 = AVDD(VBOOST)(100mV/DIV)
Ch2 = Io(Boost)(100mA/DIV)
1ms/DIV
FIGURE 11. BOOST CONVERTER PULSE-SKIPPING MODE
WAVEFORM
Ch1 = VLOGIC(VBUCK)(10mV/DIV)
Ch2 = Io(Buck)(100mA/DIV)
FIGURE 12. TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF BOOST
Ch1 = CDLY, Ch2 = VREF, Ch3 = VLOGIC, Ch4 = VON
R1 = AVDD, R2 = AVDD_DELAY, R3 = VOFF
1ms/DIV
FIGURE 13. TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF BUCK
7
FIGURE 14. START-UP SEQUENCE
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Pin Descriptions
PIN NUMBER
PIN NAME
1
LX1
Internal boost switch connection
2
LX2
Internal boost switch connection
3
CB
Logic buck, boost strap pin
4
LXL
Buck converter output
5, 18
NC
No connect. Connect to die pad and GND for improved thermal efficiency.
6
VSUP
7
FBL
Logic buck feedback pin
8
CM2
Buck compensation network pin
9
CTL
Input control for VON slice output
10
AGND2
11
DRN
Lower reference voltage for VON slice output
12
COM
VON slice output: when CTL = 1, COM is connected to SRC through a 5Ω resistor; when CTL = 0, COM
is connected to DRN through a 30Ω resistor
13
POUT
Positive charge pump out
14
C1-
Charge pump capacitor 1, negative connection
15
C1+
Charge pump capacitor 1, positive connection
16
C2-
Charge pump capacitor 2, negative connection
17
C2+
Charge pump capacitor 2, positive connection
19
FBP
Positive charge pump feedback pin
20
VREF
21
FBN
22
PGND3
23
NOUT
24
VINL
25, 26
PGND2, 1
27
AGND1
28
VDC1
Internal supply decoupling capacitor
29
CDEL
Delay capacitor for start up sequencing, soft-start and fault detection timers
30
ENL
31
DELB
Open drain NFET output to drive optional AVDD delay PFET
32
CM1
Boost compensation network pin
33
VIN
Input voltage pin
34
FBB
Boost feedback pin
35
EN
Enable for boost, charge pumps and VON slice (independent of ENL)
36
VDC2
Exposed Die Plate
N/A
8
DESCRIPTION
Positive supply for charge pumps
Signal GND pin
Reference voltage
Negative charge pump feedback pin
Power ground for VOFF, VON and VON slice
Negative charge pump output
Logic buck supply voltage
Boost power grounds
Signal ground pin
Buck enable for VLOGIC output
Internal supply decoupling capacitor
Connect exposed die plate on rear of package to ACGND and the PGND1, 2 pins. See the section on
"Layout Recommendations" for PCB layout thermal considerations.
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Block Diagram
VREF
SAWTOOTH
GENERATOR
CM1
GM AMPLIFIER
SLOPE
COMPENSATION
+
FBB
VREF
∑
UVLO COMPARATOR
LX1
LX2
BUFFER
CONTROL
LOGIC
+
RSENSE
PGND1
PGND2
CURRENT
AMPLIFIER
0.75 VREF
1.2MHz
OSCILLATOR
VDC1
VIN1, VIN2
CURRENT LIMIT
COMPARATOR
REGULATOR
REFERENCE BIAS
EN
AND
CDEL
CURRENT LIMIT
THRESHOLD
SEQUENCE CONTROLLER
ENL
DELB
VDC2
VIN2
REGULATOR
CB
VSUP
LXL
NOUT
CONTROL
LOGIC
CURRENT
LIMIT
COMPARATOR
+
FBN
BUFFER
CURRENT AMPLIFIER
GM AMPLIFIER
FBL
VREF
SLOPE
COMPENSATION
CURRENT LIMIT
THRESHOLD
UVLO COMPARATOR
+
∑
+
0.2V
CM2
SAWTOOTH
GENERATOR
+
0.4V
UVLO
COMPARATOR
0.75 VREF
+
+
0.75 VREF
FBP
SUP
+
VREF
POUT
SUP
C1-
9
C1+
POUT
C2+
C2-
DRIV
CTL
COM
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Typical Application Diagram
VIN
6.8µF
R18
4.7Ω
15V
R3
55k
C2
20µF
C3
R1
4.7nF 10k
PGND1
BOOST
LX2
R16*
FBB
R5
DELB
EN
CDEL
C6
0.22µF
BIAS
&
SEQUENCE
CONTROL
R20
VDC1
VOFF CP
VDC2
FBN
5k
C11
220nF
C20
820p
C19
100p
R6
40k
NOUT
C18
0.47µF
R7
328k
D2
C12
POUT
C1VON CP
C2+
C2-
D3
R9
DRN
C22 2.2nF
R12
VON SLICE
C15
0.1µF
CTL
COM
+25V
VON
C14
470nF
50k
VDC2
C17
0.47µF
C13
470nF
VSUP
C21
100p
R8
983k
FBP
-8V
VOFF
220nF
C1+
C18*
500kΩ
PGND3
VREF
C18
0.47µF
C8
220nF
C5
1µF
LX1
CM1
PGND2
C7
220nF
R4
300kΩ
C4
OPEN
VIN
C1
2.2µF
AVDD_DELAY
AVDD
D1
L1
R10
68k
R11
1k
VON SLICE
R13
100kΩ
VINL
TO GATE
DRIVER IC
CB
C10
10µF
C9
4.7nF
R2
C16
1µF
CM2
BUCK
10k
LXL
D4
ENL
FBL
AGND
L2
6.8µH
3.3V
VLOGIC
R14
2k
C17
20µF
R15
1.2k
*Open component positions
10
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Applications Information
The ISL97650 provides a complete power solution for TFT
LCD applications. The system consists of one boost
converter to generate AVDD voltage for column drivers, one
buck converter to provide voltage to logic circuit in the LCD
panel, one integrated VON charge pump and one VOFF
linear-regulator controller to provide the voltage to row
drivers. This part also integrates VON-slice circuit which can
help to optimize the picture quality. With the high output
current capability, this part is ideal for big screen LCD TV
and monitor panel application.
The integrated boost converter and buck converter operate
at 1.2MHz which can allow to use multilayer ceramic
capacitors and low profile inductor which result in low cost,
compact and reliable system. The logic output voltage is
independently enabled to give flexibility to the system
designers.
Boost Converter
The boost converter is a current mode PWM converter
operating at a fixed frequency of 1.2MHz. It can operate in
both discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) at light load and
continuous mode (CCM). In continuous current mode,
current flows continuously in the inductor during the entire
switching cycle in steady state operation. The voltage
conversion ratio in continuous current mode is given by:
V boost
1
------------------ = ------------1–D
V IN
(EQ. 1)
Where D is the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET.
The boost converter uses a summing amplifier architecture
consisting of gm stages for voltage feedback, current
feedback and slope compensation. A comparator looks at
the peak inductor current cycle by cycle and terminates the
PWM cycle if the current limit is reached.
An external resistor divider is required to divide the output
voltage down to the nominal reference voltage. Current
drawn by the resistor network should be limited to maintain
the overall converter efficiency. The maximum value of the
resistor network is limited by the feedback input bias current
and the potential for noise being coupled into the feedback
pin. A resistor network in the order of 60kΩ is recommended.
The boost converter output voltage is determined by the
following equation:
R3 + R5
A VDD = --------------------- × V FBB
R5
(EQ. 2)
The current through the MOSFET is limited to 2.6Apeak.
This restricts the maximum output current (average) based
on the following equation:
ΔI L
V IN
I OMAX = ⎛ I LMT – --------⎞ × --------⎝
⎠
2
VO
Where ΔIL is peak to peak inductor ripple current, and is set
by:
V IN D
ΔI L = --------- × ----L
fS
(EQ. 4)
where fs is the switching frequency(1.2MHz).
The following table gives typical values (margins are
considered 10%, 3%, 20%, 10% and 15% on VIN, VO, L, fs
and IOMAX):
TABLE 1. MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT CALCULATION
VIN (V)
VO (V)
L (µH)
fs (MHz)
IOMAX (mA)
5
9
6.8
1.2
1138
5
12
6.8
1.2
777
4
15
6.8
1.2
560
12
15
6.8
1.2
1345
12
18
6.8
1.2
998
The minimum duty cycle of the ISL97650 is 25%. When the
operating duty cycle is lower than the minimum duty cycle,
the part will not switch in some cycles randomly, which will
cause some LX pulses to be skipped. In this case, LX pulses
are not consistent any more, but the output voltage (AVDD) is
still regulated by the ratio of R3 and R5. This relationship is
given by Equation 2. Because some LX pulses are skipped,
the ripple current in the inductor will become bigger. Under
the worst case, the ripple current will be from 0 to the
threshold of the current limit. In turn, the bigger ripple current
will increase the output voltage ripple. Hence, it will need
more output capacitors to keep the output ripple at the same
level. When the input voltage equals, or is larger than, the
output voltage, the boost converter will stop switching. The
boost converter is not regulated any more, but the part will
still be on and other channels are still regulated. The typical
waveforms of pulse-skipping mode are shown in the "Typical
Performance Curves" section.
Boost Converter Input Capacitor
An input capacitor is used to suppress the voltage ripple
injected into the boost converter. The ceramic capacitor with
capacitance larger than 10µF is recommended. The voltage
rating of input capacitor should be larger than the maximum
input voltage. Some capacitors are recommended in Table 2
for input capacitor.
TABLE 2. BOOST CONVERTER INPUT CAPACITOR
RECOMMENDATION
CAPACITOR
SIZE
VENDOR
PART NUMBER
10µF/25V
1210
TDK
C3225X7R1E106M
10µF/25V
1210
Murata
GRM32DR61E106K
(EQ. 3)
11
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Boost Inductor
The boost inductor is a critical part which influences the
output voltage ripple, transient response, and efficiency.
Values of 3.3µH to 10µH are to match the internal slope
compensation. The inductor must be able to handle the
following average and peak current:
IO
I LAVG = ------------1–D
(EQ. 5)
ΔI L
I LPK = I LAVG + -------2
(EQ. 6)
Some inductors are recommended in Table 3.
TABLE 3. BOOST INDUCTOR RECOMMENDATION
INDUCTOR
6.8µH/
3APEAK
DIMENSIONS
(mm)
VENDOR
7.3x6.8x3.2
TDK
Note: Capacitors have a voltage coefficient that makes their
effective capacitance drop as the voltage across then
increases. COUT in the equation above assumes the
effective value of the capacitor at a particular voltage and not
the manufacturer's stated value, measured at zero volts.
The following table shows some selections of output
capacitors.
TABLE 5. BOOST OUTPUT CAPACITOR RECOMMENDATION
CAPACITOR
SIZE
VENDOR
PART NUMBER
10µF/25V
1210
TDK
C3225X7R1E106M
10µF/25V
1210
Murata
GRM32DR61E106K
PART NUMBER
RLF7030T-6R8N3R0
6.8µH/
2.9APEAK
7.6X7.6X3.0 Sumida
5.2µH/
4.55APEAK
10x10.1x3.8 Cooper
CD1-5R2
Bussmann
CDR7D28MNNP-6R8NC
Rectifier Diode (Boost Converter)
A high-speed diode is necessary due to the high switching
frequency. Schottky diodes are recommended because of
their fast recovery time and low forward voltage. The reverse
voltage rating of this diode should be higher than the
maximum output voltage. The rectifier diode must meet the
output current and peak inductor current requirements. The
following table is some recommendations for boost converter
diode.
TABLE 4. BOOST CONVERTER RECTIFIER DIODE
RECOMMENDATION
DIODE
VR/IAVG
RATING
PACKAGE
SS23
30V/2A
SMB
Fairchild Semiconductor
SL23
30V/2A
SMB
Vishay Semiconductor
VENDOR
Output Capacitor
The output capacitor supplies the load directly and reduces
the ripple voltage at the output. Output ripple voltage
consists of two components: the voltage drop due to the
inductor ripple current flowing through the ESR of output
capacitor, and the charging and discharging of the output
capacitor.
V O – V IN
IO
1
V RIPPLE = I LPK × ESR + ------------------------ × ---------------- × ---V
C
f
O
capacitor. The voltage rating of the output capacitor should
be greater than the maximum output voltage.
OUT
s
PI Loop Compensation (Boost Converter)
The boost converter of ISL97650 can be compensated by a
RC network connected from CM1 pin to ground. C3 = 4.7nF
and R1 = 10k RC network is used in the demo board. A
higher resistor value can be used to lower the transient
overshoot - however, this may be at the expense of stability
to the loop.
The stability can be examined by repeatedly changing the
load between 100mA and a max level that is likely to be
used in the system being used. The AVDD voltage should be
examined with an oscilloscope set to AC 100mV/div and the
amount of ringing observed when the load current changes.
Reduce excessive ringing by reducing the value of the
resistor in series with the CM1 pin capacitor.
Boost Converter Feedback Resistors and
Capacitor
An RC network across feedback resistor R5 may be required
to optimize boost stability when AVDD voltage is set to less
than 12V. This network reduces the internal voltage
feedback used by the IC. This RC network sets a pole in the
control loop. This pole is set to approximately fp = 10kHz for
COUT = 10µF and fp = 4kHz for COUT = 30µF. Alternatively,
adding a small capacitor (20-100pF) in parallel with R5 (i.e.
R16 = short) may help to reduce AVDD noise and improve
regulation, particularly if high value feedback resistors are
used.
1
1 –1
R16 = ⎛ ⎛ --------------------------⎞ – -------- ⎞
⎝ ⎝ 0.1 × R5 ⎠ R3 ⎠
(EQ. 8)
1
C18 = ------------------------------------------------------( 2 × 3.142 × fp × R5 )
(EQ. 9)
(EQ. 7)
For low ESR ceramic capacitors, the output ripple is
dominated by the charging and discharging of the output
12
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Cascaded MOSFET Application
Feedback Resistors
An 20V N-channel MOSFET is integrated in the boost
regulator. For the applications where the output voltage is
greater than 20V, an external cascaded MOSFET is needed
as shown in Figure 15. The voltage rating of the external
MOSFET should be greater than AVDD.
The buck converter output voltage is determined by the
following equation:
VIN
AVDD
LX1, LX2
FBB
INTERSIL
ISL97650
R 14 + R 15
V LOGIC = --------------------------- × V FBL
R 15
(EQ. 13)
Where R14 and R15 are the feedback resistors of buck
converter to set the output voltage Current drawn by the
resistor network should be limited to maintain the overall
converter efficiency. The maximum value of the resistor
network is limited by the feedback input bias current and the
potential for noise being coupled into the feedback pin. A
resistor network in the order of 1kΩ is recommended.
Buck Converter Input Capacitor
The capacitor should support the maximum AC RMS current
which happens when D = 0.5 and maximum output current.
I acrms ( C IN ) =
FIGURE 15. CASCADED MOSFET TOPOLOGY FOR HIGH
OUTPUT VOLTAGE APPLICATIONS
Buck Converter
The buck converter is the step down converter, which
supplies the current to the logic circuit of the LCD system.
The ISL97650 integrates an 20V N-channel MOSFET to
save cost and reduce external component count. In the
continuous current mode, the relationship between input
voltage and output voltage is as following:
V LOGIC
---------------------- = D
V IN
(EQ. 10)
Where D is the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET.
Because D is always less than 1, the output voltage of buck
converter is lower than input voltage.
The peak current limit of buck converter is set to 2A, which
restricts the maximum output current (average) based on the
following equation:
I OMAX = 2A – ΔI pp
(EQ. 11)
Where ΔIpp is the ripple current in the buck inductor as the
following equation,
V LOGIC
ΔI pp = ---------------------- ⋅ ( 1 – D )
L ⋅ fs
(EQ. 12)
Where L is the buck inductor, fs is the switching frequency
(1.2MHz).
13
D ⋅ ( 1 – D ) ⋅ IO
(EQ. 14)
Where Io is the output current of the buck converter. The
following table shows some recommendations for input
capacitor.
TABLE 6. INPUT CAPACITOR (BUCK) RECOMMENDATION
CAPACITOR
SIZE
VENDOR
PART NUMBER
10µF/16V
1206
TDK
C3216X7R1C106M
10µF/10V
0805
Murata
GRM21BR61A106K
22µF/16V
1210
Murata
C3225X7R1C226M
Buck Inductor
An 3.3µH-10µH inductor is the good choice for the buck
converter. Besides the inductance, the DC resistance and
the saturation current are also the factor needed to be
considered when choosing buck inductor. Low DC
resistance can help maintain high efficiency, and the
saturation current rating should be 2A. Here are some
recommendations for buck inductor.
TABLE 7. BUCK INDUCTOR RECOMMENDATION
INDUCTOR
DIMENSIONS
(mm)
VENDOR
PART NUMBER
4.7µH/
2.7APEAK
5.7x5.0x4.7
Murata
LQH55DN4R7M01K
6.8µH/
3APEAK
7.3x6.8x3.2
TDK
RLF7030T-6R8M2R8
10µH/
2.4APEAK
12.95x9.4x3.0 Coilcraft
DO3308P-103
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Rectifier Diode (Buck Converter)
A Schottky diode is recommended due to fast recovery and
low forward voltage. The reverse voltage rating should be
higher than the maximum input voltage. The peak current
rating is 2A, and the average current should be as the
following equation:
I avg = ( 1 – D )*I o
(EQ. 15)
Where Io is the output current of buck converter. The
following table shows some diode recommended.
TABLE 8. BUCK RECTIFIER DIODE RECOMMENDATION
DIODE
VR/IAVG
RATING
PACKAGE
PMEG2020EJ
20V/2A
SOD323F
Philips
Semiconductors
SS22
20V/2A
SMB
Fairchild
Semiconductor
VENDOR
Output Capacitor (Buck Converter)
Four 10µF or two 22µF ceramic capacitors are recommended
for this part. The overshoot and undershoot will be reduced
with more capacitance, but the recovery time will be longer.
TABLE 9. BUCK OUTPUT CAPACITOR RECOMMENDATION
CAPACITOR
SIZE
VENDOR
PART NUMBER
10µF/6.3V
0805
TDK
C2012X5R0J106M
10µF/6.3V
0805
Murata
GRM21BR60J106K
22µF/6.3V
1210
TDK
C3216X5R0J226M
100µF/6.3V
1206
Murata
GRM31CR60J107M
PI Loop Compensation (Buck Converter)
The buck converter of ISL97650 can be compensated by a
RC network connected from CM2 pin to ground. C9 = 4.7nF
and R2 = 2k RC network is used in the demo board. The
larger value resistor can lower the transient overshoot,
however, at the expense of stability of the loop.
The stability can be optimized in a similar manner to that
described in the section on "PI Loop Compensation (Boost
Converter)”.
Bootstrap Capacitor (C16)
This capacitor is used to provide the supply to the high driver
circuitry for the buck MOSFET. The bootstrap supply is
formed by an internal diode and capacitor combination. A
1µF is recommended for ISL97650. A low value capacitor
can lead to overcharging and in turn damage the part.
If the load is too light, the on-time of the low side diode may
be insufficient to replenish the bootstrap capacitor voltage. In
this case, if VIN-VBUCK < 1.5V, the internal MOSFET pull-up
device may be unable to turn-on until VLOGIC falls. Hence,
there is a minimum load requirement in this case. The
14
minimum load can be adjusted by the feedback resistors
to FBL.
The bootstrap capacitor can only be charged when the
higher side MOSFET is off. If the load is too light which can
not make the on time of the low side diode be sufficient to
replenish the boot strap capacitor, the MOSFET can’t turn
on. Hence there is minimum load requirement to charge the
bootstrap capacitor properly.
Charge Pump Controllers (VON and VOFF)
The ISL97650 includes 2 independent charge pumps (see
charge pump block and connection diagram). The negative
charge pump inverters the VSUP voltage and provides a
regulated negative output voltage. The positive charge pump
doubles or triples the VSUP voltage and provided a regulated
positive output voltage. The regulation of both the negative
and positive charge pumps is generated by internal
comparator that senses the output voltage and compares it
with the internal reference.
The pumps use pulse width modulation to adjust the pump
period, depending on the load present. The pumps can
provide 30mA for VOFF and 20mA for VON.
Positive Charge Pump Design Consideration
The positive charge pump integrates all the diodes (D1, D2
and D3 shown in the “Block Diagram” on page 9) required
for x2 (VSUP doubler) and x3 (VSUP Tripler) modes of
operation. During the chip start-up sequence the mode of
operation is automatically detected when the charge pump is
enabled. With both C7 and C8 present, the x3 mode of
operation is detected. With C7 present, C8 open and with
C1+ shorted to C2+, the x2 mode of operation will be
detected.
Due to the internal switches to VSUP (M1, M2 and M3),
POUT is independent of the voltage on VSUP until the charge
pump is enabled. This is important for TFT applications
where the negative charge pump output voltage (VOFF) and
AVDD supplies need to be established before POUT.
The maximum POUT charge pump current can be estimated
from the following equations assuming a 50% switching
duty:
I MAX ( 2x ) ∼ min of 50mA or
2 • V SUP – 2 • V DIODE ( 2 • I MAX ) – V ( V ON )
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • 0.95A
( 2 • ( 2 • R ONH + R ONL ) )
I MAX ( 3x ) ∼ min of 50mA or
3 • V SUP – 3 • V DIODE ( 2 • I MAX ) – V ( V ON )
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • 0.95V
( 2 • ( 3 • R ONH + 2 • R ONL ) )
(EQ. 16)
Note: VDIODE (2 • IMAX) is the on-chip diode voltage as a
function of IMAX and VDIODE (40mA) < 0.7V.
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
External Connections
and Components
VSUP
x2 Mode
x3 Mode
Both
M2
C1C7
M4
C1+
VSUP
M1
Control
D3
D2
D1
1.2MHz
POUT
C14
0.9V
VSUP
Error
C2+
M3
VREF
C8
C2-
FB
C21
R8
M5
FBP
C22
R9
FIGURE 16. VON FUNCTION DIAGRAM
In voltage doubler configuration, the maximum VON is as
given by the following equation:
V ON_MAX(2x) = 2 • ( V SUP – V DIODE ) – 2 • I OUT • ( 2 • R ONH + R ONL )
(EQ. 17)
For Voltage Tripler:
VON_MAX(3x) = 3 • ( V SUP – V DIODE ) – 2 • I OUT • ( 3 • R ONH + 2 • RONL )
(EQ. 18)
VON output voltage is determined by the following equation:
R 8⎞
⎛
V ON = V FBP • ⎜ 1 + -------⎟
R
⎝
9⎠
(EQ. 19)
Negative Charge Pump Design Consideration
The negative charge pump consists of an internal switcher
M1, M2 which drives external steering diodes D2 and D3 via
a pump capacitor (C12) to generate the negative VOFF
supply. An internal comparator (A1) senses the feedback
voltage on FBN and turns on M1 for a period up to half a
CLK period to maintain V(FBN) in regulated operation at
0.2V. External feedback resistor R6 is referenced to VREF.
Faults on VOFF which cause VFBN to rise to more than 0.4V,
are detected by comparator (A2) and cause the fault
detection system to start a fault ramp on CDLY pin which will
cause the chip to power down if present for more than the
time TFD (see "Electrical Specification" section and also
Figure “VON FUNCTION DIAGRAM” on page 15).
15
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
VREF
A2
C19
100pF
VSUP
VDD
FAULT
0.4V
FBN
C20
820pF
R6
40k
A1
R7
328k
0.2V
1.2MHz
STOP
M2
CLK
NOUT
C12
220nF
D2
VOFF (-8V)
D3
PWM
CONTROL
EN
C13
470nF
M1
PGND
FIGURE 17. NEGATIVE CHARGE PUMP BLOCK DIAGRAM
The maximum VOFF output voltage of a single stage charge pump is:
V OFF_MAX ( 2x ) = – V SUP + V DIODE + 2 • I OUT • ( R ON ( NOUT )H + R ON ( NOUT )L )
(EQ. 20)
R6 and R7 in the Typical Application Diagram determine
VOFF output voltage.
R7
R7
V OFF = V FBN • ⎛ 1 + --------⎞ – V REF • ⎛ --------⎞
⎝ R6⎠
⎝
R6⎠
(EQ. 21)
Improving Charge Pump Noise Immunity
Depending on PCB layout and environment, noise pick-up at
the FBP and FBN inputs, which may degrade load regulation
performance, can be reduced by the inclusion of capacitors
across the feedback resistors (e.g. in the Application
Diagram, C21 and C22 for the positive charge pump). Set
R6 • C20 = R7 • C19 with C19 ~ 100pF.
VON Slice Circuit
The VON Slice Circuit functions as a three way multiplexer,
switching the voltage on COM between ground, DRN and SRC,
under control of the start-up sequence and the CTL pin.
During the start-up sequence, COM is held at ground via an
NDMOS FET, with ~1k impedance. Once the start-up
sequence has completed, CTL is enabled and acts as a
multiplexer control such that if CTL is low, COM connects to
DRN through a 30Ω internal MOSFET, and if CTL is high,
COM connects to POUT internally via a 5Ω MOSFET.
16
The slew rate of start-up of the switch control circuit is mainly
restricted by the load capacitance at COM pin as following
equation:
Vg
ΔV
-------- = -----------------------------------( R i || R L ) × C L
Δt
(EQ. 22)
Where Vg is the supply voltage applied to DRN or voltage at
POUT, which range is from 0V to 36V. Ri is the resistance
between COM and DRN or POUT including the internal
MOSFET rDS(On), the trace resistance and the resistor
inserted, RL is the load resistance of switch control circuit,
and CL is the load capacitance of switch control circuit.
In the Typical Application Circuit, R10, R11 and C15 give the
bias to DRN based on the following equation:
V ON ⋅ R 11 +AVDD ⋅ R 10
V DRN = --------------------------------------------------------------R 10 + R 11
(EQ. 23)
And R12 can be adjusted to adjust the slew rate.
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
CHIP DISABLED
FAULT DETECTED
VON SOFT-START
VOFF, DELB ON
VREF, VLOGIC ON
AVDD SOFT-START
ISL97650
VCDLY
VIN
EN
VREF
VBOOST
tSTART-UP
tSS
VLOGIC
VOFF
tVOFF
DELAYED
VBOOST
tVON
VON
VON SLICE
tVON-SLICE
START-UP SEQUENCE
TIMED BY CDLY
NOTE: Not to scale
NORMAL
OPERATION
FAULT
PRESENT
FIGURE 18. START-UP SEQUENCE
Start-Up Sequence
Figure 18 shows a detailed start up sequence waveform. For
a successful power up, there should be 6 peaks at VCDLY.
When a fault is detected, the device will latch off until either
EN is toggled or the input supply is recycled.
When the input voltage is higher than 3.85V, VREF turns on,
as well as VLOGIC if the ENL is high. an internal current
source starts to charge CCDLY to an upper threshold using a
17
fast ramp followed by a slow ramp. During the initial slow
ramp, the device checks whether there is a fault condition. If
no fault is found, CCDLY is discharged after the first peak and
VREF turns on.
Initially the boost is not enabled so AVDD rises to VINVDIODE through the output diode. Hence, there is a step at
AVDD during this part of the start-up sequence. If this step is
not desirable, an external PMOS FET can be used to delay
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
the output until the boost is enabled internally. The delayed
output appears at AVDD.
AVDD soft-starts at the beginning of the third ramp. The soft
start ramp depends on the value of the CDLY capacitor. For
CDLY of 220nF, the soft-start time is ~9.6ms.
VOFF turns on at the start of the fourth peak. At the same
time, DELB gate goes low to turn on the external PMOS to
generate a delayed AVDD output.
VON is enabled at the beginning of the sixth ramp.
Once the start-up sequence is complete, the voltage on the
CDLY capacitor remains at 1.15V until either a fault is
detected or the EN pin is disabled. If a fault is detected, the
voltage on CDLY rises to 2.4V at which point the chip is
disabled until the power is cycled or enable is toggled.
AVDD_delay Generation Using DELB
DELB pin is an open drain internal N-FET output used to
drive an external optional P-FET to provide a delayed AVDD
supply which also has no initial pedistal voltage (see
Figure 14 and compare the AVDD and AVDD_delayed
curves). When the part is enabled, the N-FET is held off until
CDLY reaches the 4th peak in the start-up sequence. During
this period, the voltage potential of the source and gate of
the external P-FET (M0 in application diagram) should be
almost the same due to the presence of the resistor (R4)
across the source and gate, hence M0 will be off. Please
note that the maximum leakage of DELB in this period is
500nA. To avoid any mis-trigger, the maximum value of R4
should be less than:
V GS ( th )_min(M0)
R 4_max < -------------------------------------------500nA
(EQ. 24)
Where VGS(th)_min(M0) is the minimum value of gate
threshold voltage of M0.
After CDLY reaches the 4th peak, the internal N-FET is
turned-on and produces an initial current output of
IDELB_ON1 (~50µA). This current allows the user to control
the turn-on inrush current into the AVDD_delay supply
capacitors by a suitable choice of C4. This capacitor can
provide extra delay and also filter out any noise coupled into
the gate of M0, avoiding spurious turn-on, however, C4 must
not be so large that it prevents DELB reaching 0.6V by the
end of the start-up sequence on CDLY, else a fault time-out
ramp on CDLY will start. A value of 22nF is typically required
for C4. The 0.6V threshold is used by the chip's fault
detection system and if V(DELB) is still above 0.6V at the
end of the power sequencing then a fault time-out ramp will
be initiated on CDLY.
If the maximum VGS voltage of M0 is less than the AVDD
voltage being used, then a resistor may be inserted between
the DELB pin and the gate of M0 such that it's potential
divider action with R4 ensures the gate/source stays below
VGS(M0)max. This additional resistor allows much larger
values of C4 to be used, and hence longer AVDD delay,
without affecting the fault protection on DELB.
Component Selection for Start-up Sequencing and
Fault Protection
The CREF capacitor is typically set at 220nF and is required
to stabilize the VREF output. The range of CREF is from
22nF to 1µF and should not be more than five times the
capacitor on CDEL to ensure correct start-up operation.
The CDEL capacitor is typically 220nF and has a usable
range from 47nF minimum to several microfarads - only
limited by the leakage in the capacitor reaching µA levels.
CDEL should be at least 1/5 of the value of CREF (see
above). Note, with 220nF on CDEL, the fault time-out will be
typically 50ms. and the use of a larger/smaller value will vary
this time proportionally (e.g. 1µF will give a fault time-out
period of typically 230ms).
Fault Sequencing
The ISL97650 has advanced overall fault detection systems
including Over Current Protection (OCP) for both boost and
buck converters, Under Voltage Lockout Protection (UVLP)
and Over-Temperature Protection.
Once the peak current flowing through the switching
MOSFET of the boost and buck converters triggers the
current limit threshold, the PWM comparator will disable the
output, cycle by cycle, until the current is back to normal.
The ISL97650 detects each feedback voltage of AVDD, VON,
VOFF and VLOGIC. If any of the VON, VOFF or AVDD
feedback is lower than the fault threshold, then a timed fault
ramp will appear on CDEL. If it completes, then VON, VOFF
and AVDD will shut down, but VLOGIC will stay on.
If VLOGIC feedback is lower than fault threshold, then all
channels will switch off, and VIN or Enable needs recycling
to turn them on again.
An internal temperature sensor continuously monitors the
die temperature. In the event that the die temperature
exceeds the thermal trip point of +150°C, the device will shut
down. Operation with die temperatures between +125°C and
+150°C can be tolerated for short periods of time, however,
in order to maximize the operating life of the IC, it is
recommended that the effective continuous operating
junction temperature of the die should not exceed +125°C.
When the voltage at DELB falls below ~0.6V it's current is
increased to IDELB_ON2 (~1.4mA) to firmly pull the DELB
voltage to ground.
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ISL97650
Layout Recommendation
The device's performance including efficiency, output noise,
transient response and control loop stability is dramatically
affected by the PCB layout. PCB layout is critical, especially
at high switching frequency.
There are some general guidelines for layout:
1. Place the external power components (the input
capacitors, output capacitors, boost inductor and output
diodes, etc.) in close proximity to the device. Traces to
these components should be kept as short and wide as
possible to minimize parasitic inductance and resistance.
2. Place VREF and VDC bypass capacitors close to the pins.
3. Reduce the loop with large AC amplitudes and fast slew
rate.
4. The feedback network should sense the output voltage
directly from the point of load, and be as far away from LX
node as possible.
5. The power ground (PGND) and signal ground (SGND)
pins should be connected at only one point.
6. The exposed die plate, on the underneath of the
package, should be soldered to an equivalent area of
metal on the PCB. This contact area should have multiple
via connections to the back of the PCB as well as
connections to intermediate PCB layers, if available, to
maximize thermal dissipation away from the IC.
7. To minimize the thermal resistance of the package when
soldered to a multi-layer PCB, the amount of copper track
and ground plane area connected to the exposed die
plate should be maximized and spread out as far as
possible from the IC. The bottom and top PCB areas
especially should be maximized to allow thermal
dissipation to the surrounding air.
8. Minimize feedback input track lengths to avoid switching
noise pick-up.
A demo board is available to illustrate the proper layout
implementation.
19
FN9198.3
November 28, 2006
ISL97650
Thin Quad Flat No-Lead Plastic Package (TQFN)
Thin Micro Lead Frame Plastic Package (TMLFP)
L36.6x6
2X
0.15 C A
D
A
36 LEAD THIN QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE
(COMPLIANT TO JEDEC MO-220WJJD-1 ISSUE C)
D/2
MILLIMETERS
2X
6
INDEX
AREA
N
0.15 C B
1
2
3
SYMBOL
MIN
NOMINAL
MAX
NOTES
A
0.70
0.75
0.80
-
A1
-
-
0.05
-
0.30
5, 8
4.05
7, 8
A3
E/2
b
E
D
D2
B
TOP VIEW
0.20 REF
0.18
6.00 BSC
3.80
C
0.08 C
SEATING PLANE
A3
SIDE VIEW
A1
-
E
6.00 BSC
-
5.75 BSC
9
3.80
e
/ / 0.10 C
3.95
E1
E2
A
0.25
3.95
4.05
0.50 BSC
7, 8
-
k
0.20
-
-
-
L
0.45
0.55
0.65
8
N
36
2
Nd
9
3
Ne
9
3
Rev. 2 04/06
NX b
5
0.10 M C A B
D2
NX k
D2
2
(DATUM B)
8
7
N
(DATUM A)
6
INDEX
AREA
E2
E2/2
3
2
1
NX L
N
7
(Ne-1)Xe
REF.
8
NOTES:
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5m-1994.
2. N is the number of terminals.
3. Nd and Ne refer to the number of terminals on each D and E.
4. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees.
5. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured
between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip.
6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
7. Dimensions D2 and E2 are for the exposed pads which provide
improved electrical and thermal performance.
8. Nominal dimensions are provided to assist with PCB Land Pattern
Design efforts, see Intersil Technical Brief TB389.
e
8
(Nd-1)Xe
REF.
BOTTOM VIEW
A1
NX b
5
SECTION "C-C"
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
20
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November 28, 2006