FINAL COM’L: -12/15/20, Q-20/25 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 Lattice Semiconductor High-Density EE CMOS Programmable Logic DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS ■ 84 Pins in PLCC ■ Flexible clocking ■ 128 Macrocells — Four global clock pins with selectable edges — Asynchronous mode available for each macrocell ■ 8 “PAL33V16” blocks ■ 12 ns tPD ■ 83.3 MHz fCNT ■ 70 Inputs with pull-up resistors ■ 64 Outputs ■ 192 Flip-flops — 128 Macrocell flip-flops — 64 Input flip-flops ■ Up to 20 product terms per function, with XOR ■ Input and output switch matrices for high routability ■ Fixed, predictable, deterministic delays ■ Pin compatible with MACH130, MACH131, MACH230, and MACH231 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The MACH435 is a member of our high-performance EE CMOS MACH 4 family. This device has approximately twelve times the macrocell capability of the popular PAL22V10, with significant density and functional features that the PAL22V10 does not provide. The MACH435 consists of eight PAL blocks interconnected by a programmable central switch matrix. The central switch matrix connects the PAL blocks to each other and to all input pins, providing a high degree of connectivity between the fully-connected PAL blocks. This allows designs to be placed and routed efficiently. Routability is further enhanced by an input switch matrix and an output switch matrix. The input switch matrix provides input signals with alternative paths into the central switch matrix; the output switch matrix provides flexibility in assigning macrocells to I/O pins. The MACH435 has macrocells that can be configured as synchronous or asynchronous. This allows designers to implement both synchronous and asynchronous logic together on the same device. The two types of design can be mixed in any proportion, since the selection on each macrocell affects only that macrocell. Up to 20 product terms per function can be assigned. It is possible to allocate some product terms away from a macrocell without losing the use of that macrocell for logic generation. The MACH435 macrocell provides either registered or combinatorial outputs with programmable polarity. If a registered configuration is chosen, the register can be configured as D-type, T-type, J-K, or S-R to help reduce the number of product terms used. The flip-flop can also be configured as a latch. The register type decision can be made by the designer or by the software. All macrocells can be connected to an I/O cell through the output switch matrix. The output switch matrix makes it possible to make significant design changes while minimizing the risk of pinout changes. Publication# 17469 Rev. E Issue Date: May 1995 Amendment /0 2 4 4 Clock Generator OE MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 4 I/O56–I/O63 8 I/O Cells 8 16 4 8 I/O48–I/O55 8 I/O Cells 8 Output Switch Matrix 16 16 Input Switch Matrix 16 Macrocells 4 4 8 I/O40–I/O47 8 I/O Cells 8 Output Switch Matrix 16 Macrocells 16 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 24 16 16 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 OE Output Switch Matrix OE 4 OE 16 Input Switch Matrix 16 4 33 24 Input Switch Matrix 8 OE Macrocells OE 16 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 24 16 16 4 I/O32–I/O39 8 I/O Cells 8 Output Switch Matrix 16 Macrocells 16 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 33 33 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 16 Macrocells 16 Output Switch Matrix 8 I/O Cells 8 I/O24–I/031 16 16 24 24 16 16 Input Switch Matrix 4 4 33 33 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 16 Macrocells 16 Output Switch Matrix Central Switch Matrix 24 4 4 8 8 OE 16 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 24 16 16 OE 33 Input Switch Matrix 33 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 16 Macrocells 16 Output Switch Matrix Input Switch Matrix 24 Clock Generator 4 4 8 4 Input Switch Matrix 33 16 16 8 Clock Generator 66 X 90 AND Logic Array and Logic Allocator 16 Macrocells 16 Output Switch Matrix 4 I/O Cells 8 I/O16–I/O23 Input Switch Matrix 4 8 8 I/O Cells 8 I/O8–I/O15 Clock Generator 4 4 4 I/O Cells 8 I/O0–I/O7 2 BLOCK DIAGRAM I2, I5 Clock Generator Clock Generator Clock Generator Clock Generator CLK0/I0, CLK1/I1, CLK2/I3, CLK3/I4 17469E-1 CONNECTION DIAGRAM Top View GND I/O55 I/O54 I/O53 I/O52 I/O51 I/O50 I/O49 I/O48 CLK3/I4 GND VCC CLK2/I3 I/O47 I/O46 I/O45 I/O44 I/O43 I/O42 I/O41 I/O40 I/O32 I/O33 I/O34 I/O35 I/O36 I/O37 I/O38 I/O39 GND 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 12 13 73 72 14 71 15 70 16 17 69 68 18 67 19 66 20 21 65 64 22 63 23 62 24 61 25 60 26 27 59 58 28 57 29 56 30 55 31 54 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 I/O24 I/O25 I/O26 I/O27 I/O28 I/O29 I/O30 I/O31 I2 VCC GND VCC I/O8 I/O9 I/O10 I/O11 I/O12 I/O13 I/O14 I/O15 CLK0/I0 VCC GND CLK1/I1 I/O16 I/O17 I/O18 I/O19 I/O20 I/O21 I/O22 I/O23 GND VCC I5 I/O63 I/O62 I/O61 I/O60 I/O59 I/O58 I/O57 I/O56 GND I/O7 I/O6 I/O5 I/O4 I/O3 I/O2 I/O1 I/O0 VCC GND PLCC 17469E-2 Note: Pin-compatible with MACH130, MACH131, MACH230, and MACH231 PIN DESIGNATIONS CLK/I GND I I/O VCC = = = = = Clock or Input Ground Input Input/Output Supply Voltage MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 3 ORDERING INFORMATION Commercial Products Programmable logic products for commercial applications are available with several ordering options. The order number (Valid Combination) is formed by a combination of: MACH 435 -12 J C FAMILY TYPE MACH = Macro Array CMOS High-Speed OPTIONAL PROCESSING Blank = Standard Processing DEVICE NUMBER 435 = 2nd Generation, 128 Macrocells, 84 Pins 435Q = 2nd Generation, 128 Macrocells, 84 Pins, Quarter Power OPERATING CONDITIONS C = Commercial (0°C to +70°C) PACKAGE TYPE J = 84-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PL 084) SPEED -12 = 12 ns tPD -15 = 15 ns tPD -20 = 20 ns tPD -25 = 25 ns tPD Valid Combinations MACH435-12 MACH435-15 MACH435-20 MACH435Q-20 MACH435Q-25 4 JC Valid Combinations The Valid Combinations table lists configurations planned to be supported in volume for this device. Consult your local sales office to confirm availability of specific valid combinations and to check on newly released combinations. MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The Product-Term Array The MACH435 consists of eight PAL blocks connected by a central switch matrix. There are 64 I/O pins and 6 dedicated input pins feeding the central switch matrix. These signals are distributed to the eight PAL blocks for efficient design implementation. There are 4 global clock pins that can also be used as dedicated inputs. The MACH435 product-term array consists of 80 product terms for logic use, eight product terms for output enable use, and two product terms for global PAL block initialization. Each macrocell has a nominal allocation of 5 product terms for logic, although the logic allocator allows for logic redistribution. Each I/O pin has its own individual output enable term. The initialization product terms provide asynchronous reset or preset to synchronous-mode macrocells in the PAL block. All inputs and I/O pins have built-in pull-up resistors. While it is always good design practice to tie unused pins high, the pull-up resistors provide design security and stability in the event that unused pins are left disconnected. The PAL Blocks Each PAL block in the MACH435 (Figure 1) contains a clock generator, a 90-product-term logic array, a logic allocator, 16 macrocells, an output switch matrix, 8 I/O cells, and an input switch matrix. The central switch matrix feeds each PAL block with 33 inputs. This makes the PAL block look effectively like an independent “PAL33V16” with 8 to 16 buried macrocells. In addition to the logic product terms, individual output enable product terms and two PAL block initialization product term are provided. Each I/O pin can be individually enabled. All flip-flops that are in the synchronous mode within a PAL block are initialized together by either of the PAL block initialization product terms. The Central Switch Matrix and Input Switch Matrix The MACH435 central switch matrix is fed by the input switch matrices in each PAL block. Each PAL block provides 16 internal feedback signals, 8 registered input signals, and 8 I/O pin signals to the input switch matrix. Of these 32 signals, 24 decoded signals are provided to the central switch matrix by the input switch matrix. The central switch matrix distributes these signals back to the PAL blocks in a very efficient manner that provides for high performance. The design software automatically configures the input and central switch matrices when fitting a design into the device. The Logic Allocator The logic allocator in the MACH435 takes the 80 logic product terms and allocates them to the 16 macrocells as needed. Each macrocell can be driven by up to 20 product terms if in synchronous mode, or 18 product terms if in asynchronous mode. When product terms are routed away from a macrocell, it is possible to route all 5 product terms away, which precludes the use of the macrocell for logic generation; or it is possible to route only 4 product terms away, leaving one for simple function generation. The design software automatically configures the logic allocator when fitting the design into the device. The logic allocator also provides an exclusive-OR gate. This gate allows generation of combinatorial exclusiveOR logic, such as comparison or addition. It allows registered exclusive-OR functions, such as CRC generation, to be implemented more efficiently. It also makes in possible to emulate all flip-flop types with a D-type flip-flop. Register type emulation is automatically handled by the design software. Table 1 illustrates which product term clusters are available to each macrocell within a PAL block. Refer to Figure 1 for cluster and macrocell numbers. The Clock Generator Each PAL block has a clock generator that can generate four clock signals for use throughout the PAL block. These four signals are available to all macrocells and I/O cells in the PAL block, whether in synchronous or asynchronous mode. The clock generator chooses the four signals from the eight possible signals given by the true and complement versions of the four global clock pin signals. MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 5 Table 1. Logic Allocation Macrocell Available Clusters M0 C0, C1, C2 M1 C0, C1, C2, C3 M2 C1, C2, C3, C4 M3 C2, C3, C4, C5 M4 C3, C4, C5, C6 M5 C4, C5, C6, C7 M6 C5, C6, C7, C8 M7 C6, C7, C8, C9 M8 C7, C8, C9, C10 M9 C8, C9, C10, C11 M10 C9, C10, C11, C12 M11 C10, C11, C12, C13 M12 C11, C12, C13, C14 M13 C12, C13, C14, C15 M14 C13, C14, C15 M15 C14, C15 The Macrocell and Output Switch Matrix The MACH435 has 16 macrocells, half of which can drive I/O pins; this selection is made by the output switch matrix. Each macrocell can drive one of four I/O cells. The allowed combinations are shown in Table 2. Please refer to Figure 1 for macrocell and I/O pin numbers. Table 2. Output Switch Matrix Combinations Macrocell M0, M1 M2, M3 M4, M5 M6, M7 M8, M9 M10, M11 M12, M13 M14, M15 I/O Pin I/O0 I/O1 I/O2 I/O3 I/O4 I/O5 I/O6 I/O7 6 Routable to I/O Pins I/O5, I/O6, I/O7, I/O0 I/O6, I/O7, I/O0, I/O1 I/O7, I/O0, I/O1, I/O2 I/O0, I/O1, I/O2, I/O3 I/O1, I/O2, I/O3, I/O4 I/O2, I/O3, I/O4, I/O5 I/O3, I/O4, I/O5, I/O6 I/O4, I/O5, I/O6, I/O7 The macrocells can be configured as registered, latched, or combinatorial. In combination with the logic allocator, the registered configuration can be any of the standard flip-flop types. The macrocell provides internal feedback whether configured with or without the flipflop, and whether or not the macrocell drives an I/O cell. The flip-flop clock depends on the mode selected for the macrocell. In synchronous mode, any of the PAL block clocks generated by the Clock Generator can be used. In asynchronous mode, the additional choice of either edge of an individual product-term clock is available. Initialization can be handled as part of a bank of macrocells via the PAL block initialization terms if in synchronous mode, or individually if in asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode, one of the PAL block product terms is available each for preset and reset. The swap function determines which product term drives which function. This allows initialization polarity compatibility with the MACH 1 and 2 series. In asynchronous mode, one product term can be used either to drive reset or preset. The I/O Cell The I/O cell in the MACH435 consists of a three-state buffer and an input flip-flop. The I/O cell is driven by one of the macrocells, as selected by the output switch matrix. Each I/O cell can take its input from one of eight macrocells. The three-state buffer is controlled by an individual product term. The input flip-flop can be configured as a register or latch. Both the direct I/O signal and the registered/latched signal are available to the input switch matrix, and can be used simultaneously if desired. Available Macrocells M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7 M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9 M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11 M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13 M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14, M15 M10, M11, M12, M13, M14, M15, M0, M1 M12, M13, M14, M15, M0, M1, M2, M3 M14, M15, M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 CLK2/I3 CLK3/I4 CLK0/I0 CLK1/I1 16 Clock Generator M0 Macrocell M0 C1 M1 Macrocell M1 C2 M2 Macrocell M2 C3 M3 Macrocell M3 C4 M4 Macrocell M4 C5 M5 Macrocell M5 C6 M6 Macrocell M6 M7 Macrocell M7 M8 Macrocell M8 C9 M9 Macrocell M9 C10 M10 Macrocell M10 C11 M11 Macrocell C12 M12 Macrocell M12 C13 M13 Macrocell M13 C14 M14 Macrocell M14 C15 M15 Macrocell M15 C7 C8 Output Switch Matrix C0 Logic Allocator Central Switch Matrix 4 O0 I/O Cell I/O0 O1 I/O Cell I/O1 O2 I/O Cell I/O2 O3 I/O Cell I/O3 O4 I/O Cell I/O4 O5 I/O Cell I/O5 O6 I/O Cell I/O6 O7 I/O Cell I/O7 M11 17 16 24 Input Switch Matrix 16 17469E-3 Figure 1. MACH435 PAL Block MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 7 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING RANGES Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to +125°C Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to +7.0 V DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V DC Output or I/O Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V Static Discharge Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001 V Latchup Current (TA = 0°C to +70°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 mA Commercial (C) Devices Temperature (TA) Operating in Free Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C Supply Voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75 V to +5.25 V Operating ranges define those limits between which the functionality of the device is guaranteed. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device failure. Functionality at or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Programming conditions may differ. DC CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VOH Output HIGH Voltage IOH = –3.2 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL 2.4 VOL Output LOW Voltage IOL = 24 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 1) VIH Input HIGH Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical HIGH Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) VIL Input LOW Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical LOW Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) 0.8 V IIH Input HIGH Leakage Current VIN = 5.25 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) 10 µA IIL Input LOW Leakage Current VIN = 0 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) –100 µA IOZH Off-State Output Leakage Current HIGH VOUT = 5.25 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) 10 µA IOZL Off-State Output Leakage Current LOW VOUT = 0 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) –100 µA ISC Output Short-Circuit Current VOUT = 0.5 V, VCC = Max (Note 4) –160 mA ICC Supply Current (Typical) VIN = 0 V, Outputs Open (IOUT = 0 mA) VCC = 5.0 V, f =25 MHz, TA = 25°C (Note 5) V 0.5 V 2.0 V –30 255 mA CAPACITANCE (Note 6) Parameter Symbol CIN COUT Parameter Description Test Conditions Typ Unit Input Capacitance VIN = 2.0 V Output Capacitance VOUT = 2.0 V VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C, 6 pF f = 1 MHz 8 pF Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. Total IOL for one PAL block should not exceed 128 mA. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included. I/O pin leakage is the worst case of IIL and IOZL (or IIH and IOZH). Not more than one output should be shorted at a time and duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second. VOUT = 0.5 V has been chosen to avoid test problems caused by tester ground degradation. 5. Measured with a 16-bit up/down counter pattern. This pattern is programmed in each PAL block and capable of being loaded, enabled, and reset. 6. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where capacitance may be affected. 8 MACH435-12 (Com’l) SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) Parameter Symbol tPD tSA -12 Parameter Description Input, I/O, or Feedback to Combinatorial Output Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock Min Max Unit 3 12 ns D-type 5 ns T-type 6 ns ns tHA Register Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 5 tCOA Product Term Clock to Output 4 tWLA tWHA Product Term, Clock Width External Feedback fMAXA Maximum Frequency Using Product Term Clock (Note 2) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Clock 8 ns HIGH 8 ns D-type 52.6 MHz T-type 50 MHz D-type 58.8 MHz T-type 55.6 MHz 62.5 MHz D-type 7 ns T-type 8 ns tHS Register Data Hold Time Using Global Clock 0 tCOS Global Clock to Output 2 tWLS Global Clock Width tWHS External Feedback fMAXS Maximum Frequency Using Global Clock (Note 2) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) No Feedback (Note 3) ns LOW No Feedback (Note 3) tSS 14 ns 8 ns LOW 6 ns HIGH 6 ns D-type 66.7 MHz T-type 62.5 MHz D-type 83.3 MHz T-type 76.9 MHz 83.3 MHz tSLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock 5 ns tHLA Latch Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 5 ns tGOA Product Term Gate to Output tGWA Product Term Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) 16 6 ns ns tSLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Gate 8 ns tHLS Latch Data Hold Time Using Global Gate 0 ns tGOS Gate to Output tGWS Global Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) tPDL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input or Output Latch 10 6 ns ns 14 ns tSIR Input Register Setup Time 2 ns tHIR Input Register Hold Time 3 ns tICO Input Register Clock to Combinatorial Output MACH435-12 (Com’l) 18 ns 9 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) (continued) Parameter Symbol tICS -12 Parameter Description Min Input Register Clock to Output Register Setup tWICL tWICH fMAXIR Input Register Clock Width Maximum Input Register Frequency D-type 9 Max Unit ns T-type 10 ns LOW 6 ns HIGH 6 ns 83.3 MHz tSIL Input Latch Setup Time 2 ns tHIL Input Latch Hold Time 3 ns tIGO Input Latch Gate to Combinatorial Output 16 ns tIGOL Input Latch Gate to Output Through Transparent Output Latch 18 ns tSLLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Product Term Output Latch Gate tIGSA Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Product Term Output Latch Gate tSLLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Global Output Latch Gate 4 ns 4 ns 9 ns tIGSS Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Global Output Latch Gate 9 ns tWIGL Input Latch Gate Width LOW 6 ns tPDLL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input and Output Latches 16 ns Asynchronous Reset to Registered or Latched Output 16 ns tAR tARW Asynchronous Reset Width (Note 1) 12 ns tARR Asynchronous Reset Recovery Time (Note 1) 10 ns tAP Asynchronous Preset to Registered or Latched Output 16 ns tAPW Asynchronous Preset Width (Note 1) 12 ns tAPR Asynchronous Preset Recovery Time (Note 1) 8 ns tEA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Enable 2 12 ns tER Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Disable 2 12 ns Notes: 1. See Switching Test Circuit at the end of this Data Book for test conditions. 2. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where frequency may be affected. 3. This parameter does not apply to flip-flops in the emulated mode since the feedback path is required for emulation. 10 MACH435-12 (Com’l) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING RANGES Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to +125°C Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to +7.0 V DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V DC Output or I/O Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V Static Discharge Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001 V Latchup Current (TA = 0°C to +70°C) . . . . . . 200 mA Commercial (C) Devices Temperature (TA) Operating in Free Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C Supply Voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75 V to +5.25 V Operating ranges define those limits between which the functionality of the device is guaranteed. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device failure. Functionality at or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Programming conditions may differ. DC CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VOH Output HIGH Voltage IOH = –3.2 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL 2.4 VOL Output LOW Voltage IOL = 24 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 1) VIH Input HIGH Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical HIGH Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) VIL Input LOW Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical LOW Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) 0.8 V IIH Input HIGH Leakage Current VIN = 5.25 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) 10 µA IIL Input LOW Leakage Current VIN = 0 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) –100 µA IOZH Off-State Output Leakage Current HIGH VOUT = 5.25 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) 10 µA IOZL Off-State Output Leakage Current LOW VOUT = 0 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) –100 µA ISC Output Short-Circuit Current VOUT = 0.5 V, VCC = Max (Note 4) –160 mA ICC Supply Current VIN = 0 V, Outputs Open (IOUT = 0 mA), VCC = 5.0 V, f =25 MHz, TA = 25°C (Note 5) V 0.5 2.0 V V –30 255 mA CAPACITANCE (Note 6) Parameter Symbol CIN COUT Parameter Description Test Conditions Typ Unit Input Capacitance VIN = 2.0 V VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C, 6 pF Output Capacitance VOUT = 2.0 V f = 1 MHz 8 pF Notes: 1. Total IOL for one PAL block should not exceed 128 mA. 2. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included. 3. I/O pin leakage is the worst case of IIL and IOZL (or IIH and IOZH). 4. Not more than one output should be shorted at a time and duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second. VOUT = 0.5 V has been chosen to avoid test problems caused by tester ground degradation. 5. Measured with a 16-bit up/down counter pattern. This pattern is programmed in each PAL Block and capable of being loaded, enabled, and reset. An actual ICC value can be calculated by using the “Typical Dynamic ICCCharacteristics” Chart towards the end of this data sheet. 6. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where capacitance may be affected. MACH435-15/20 (Com’l) 11 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) -15 Parameter Symbol Parameter Description tPD tSA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Combinatorial Output (Note 2) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock Min Max Min Max Unit 3 15 3 20 ns D-type 8 10 ns T-type 9 11 ns tHA Register Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 8 tCOA Product Term Clock to Output (Note 2) 4 tWLA Product Term, Clock Width tWHA -20 10 18 4 ns 22 ns LOW 9 12 ns HIGH 9 12 ns D-type 38.5 31.2 MHz T-type 37 30.3 MHz D-type 47.6 37 MHz T-type 45.4 35.7 MHz 55.6 41.7 MHz D-type 10 13 ns T-type 11 14 ns 0 ns External Feedback 1/(tSA + tCOA) fMAXA tSS Maximum Frequency Using Product Term Clock (Note 3) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) No Feedback (Note 4) 1/(tWLA + tWHA) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Clock tHS Register Data Hold Time Using Global Clock 0 tCOS Global Clock to Output (Note 2) 2 tWLS 10 2 12 ns LOW 6 8 ns HIGH 6 8 ns D-type 50 40 MHz T-type 47.6 38.5 MHz D-type 66.6 50 MHz T-type 62.5 47.6 MHz 83.3 62.5 MHz Global Clock Width tWHS External Feedback 1/(tSS + tCOS) fMAXS Maximum Frequency Using Global Clock (Note 3) Internal Feedback (fCNTS) No Feedback (Note 4) 12 1/(tWLS + tWHS) tSLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock 8 10 ns tHLA Latch Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 8 10 ns tGOA Product Term Gate to Output (Note 2) tGWA Product Term Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) 9 12 ns tSLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Gate 10 13 ns tHLS Latch Data Hold Time Using Global Gate 0 0 ns tGOS Gate to Output (Note 2) tGWS Global Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) tPDL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input or Output Latch 19 22 11 6 17 tSIR Input Register Setup Time 2 tHIR Input Register Hold Time 4 tICO Input Register Clock to Combinatorial Output MACH435-15/20 (Com’l) 12 8 ns ns 22 2 ns ns 5 20 ns ns 25 ns SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) (continued) -15 Parameter Symbol Parameter Description tICS tWICL Min Input Register Clock to Output Register Setup Min Max Unit D-type 15 20 ns T-type 16 21 ns LOW 6 8 ns HIGH 6 8 ns 83.3 62.5 MHz Input Register Clock Width tWICH fMAXIR -20 Max Maximum Input Register Frequency 1/(tWICL + tWICH) tSIL Input Latch Setup Time 2 2 ns tHIL Input Latch Hold Time 4 5 ns tIGO Input Latch Gate to Combinatorial Output 20 25 ns tIGOL Input Latch Gate to Output Through Transparent Output Latch 22 27 ns Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Product Term Output Latch Gate 10 12 ns tIGSA Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Product Term Output Latch Gate 14 19 ns tSLLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Global Output Latch Gate 12 16 ns Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Global Output Latch Gate 16 21 ns tWIGL Input Latch Gate Width LOW 6 8 ns tPDLL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input and Output Latches 19 24 ns Asynchronous Reset to Registered or Latched Output 20 25 ns tSLLA tIGSS tAR tARW Asynchronous Reset Width (Note 3) 15 20 ns tARR Asynchronous Reset Recovery Time (Note 3) 15 20 ns tAP Asynchronous Preset to Registered or Latched Output 20 25 ns tAPW Asynchronous Preset Width (Note 3) 15 20 ns tAPR Asynchronous Preset Recovery Time (Note 3) 15 20 ns tEA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Enable (Note 2) 2 15 2 20 ns tER Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Disable (Note 2) 2 15 2 20 ns Notes: 1. See Switching Test Circuit at the end of this Data Book for test conditions. 2. Parameters measured with 32 outputs switching. 3. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where frequency may be affected. 4. This parameter does not apply to flip-flops in the emulated mode since the feedback path is required for emulation. MACH435-15/20 (Com’l) 13 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING RANGES Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to +125°C Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to +7.0 V DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V DC Output or I/O Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V Static Discharge Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001 V Latchup Current (TA = 0°C to +70°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 mA Commercial (C) Devices Temperature (TA) Operating in Free Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C Supply Voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75 V to +5.25 V Operating ranges define those limits between which the functionality of the device is guaranteed. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device failure. Functionality at or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Programming conditions may differ. DC CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VOH Output HIGH Voltage IOH = –3.2 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL 2.4 VOL Output LOW Voltage IOL = 24 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 1) VIH Input HIGH Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical HIGH Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) VIL Input LOW Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical LOW Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) 0.8 V IIH Input HIGH Leakage Current VIN = 5.25 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) 10 µA IIL Input LOW Leakage Current VIN = 0 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) –100 µA IOZH Off-State Output Leakage Current HIGH VOUT = 5.25 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) 10 µA IOZL Off-State Output Leakage Current LOW VOUT = 0 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) –100 µA ISC Output Short-Circuit Current VOUT = 0.5 V, VCC = Max (Note 4) –160 mA ICC Supply Current (Typical) VIN = 0 V, Outputs Open (IOUT = 0 mA) VCC = 5.0 V, f =25 MHz, TA = 25°C (Note 5) V 0.5 V 2.0 V –30 115 mA CAPACITANCE (Note 6) Parameter Symbol CIN COUT Parameter Description Test Conditions Typ Unit Input Capacitance VIN = 2.0 V Output Capacitance VOUT = 2.0 V VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C, 6 pF f = 1 MHz 8 pF Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. Total IOL for one PAL block should not exceed 128 mA. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included. I/O pin leakage is the worst case of IIL and IOZL (or IIH and IOZH). Not more than one output should be shorted at a time and duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second. VOUT = 0.5 V has been chosen to avoid test problems caused by tester ground degradation. 5. Measured with a 16-bit up/down counter pattern. This pattern is programmed in each PAL block and capable of being loaded, enabled, and reset. 6. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where capacitance may be affected. 14 MACH435Q-20 (Com’l) SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) Parameter Symbol -20 Parameter Description Min Max Unit 3 20 ns tPD Input, I/O, or Feedback to Combinatorial Output tSA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or D-type 10 ns Feedback to Product Term Clock T-type 11 ns tHA Register Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 16 tCOA Product Term Clock to Output 5 tWLA tWHA Product Term, Clock Width External Feedback fMAXA Maximum Frequency Using Product Term Clock (Note 2) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Clock 12 ns HIGH 12 ns D-type 33.3 MHz T-type 37.2 MHz D-type 35.7 MHz T-type 34.5 MHz 41.7 MHz D-type 13 ns T-type 14 ns ns tHS Register Data Hold Time Using Global Clock 0 tCOS Global Clock to Output 2 tWLS tWHS LOW Global Clock Width External Feedback fMAXS Maximum Frequency Using Global Clock (Note 2) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) No Feedback (Note 3) ns LOW No Feedback (Note 3) tSS ns 22 12 8 ns ns HIGH 8 ns D-type 40.0 MHz T-type 38.5 MHz D-type 47.6 MHz T-type 43.5 MHz 62.5 MHz tSLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock 8 ns tHLA Latch Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 8 ns tGOA Product Term Gate to Output tGWA Product Term Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) 12 ns tSLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Gate 13 ns tHLS Latch Data Hold Time Using Global Gate 0 ns 22 tGOS Gate to Output tGWS Global Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) tPDL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input or Output Latch 12 8 Input Register Setup Time 2 tHIR Input Register Hold Time 4 tICO Input Register Clock to Combinatorial Output MACH435Q-20 (Com’l) ns ns 22 tSIR ns ns ns ns 22 ns 15 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) (continued) Parameter Symbol tICS -20 Parameter Description Min Input Register Clock to Output Register Setup tWICL tWICH fMAXIR Input Register Clock Width Maximum Input Register Frequency Max Unit D-type 15 ns T-type 17 ns LOW 8 ns HIGH 8 ns 62.5 MHz tSIL Input Latch Setup Time 2 ns tHIL Input Latch Hold Time 2.5 ns tIGO Input Latch Gate to Combinatorial Output 22 ns tIGOL Input Latch Gate to Output Through Transparent Output Latch 24 ns tSLLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Product Term Output Latch Gate tIGSA Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Product Term Output Latch Gate tSLLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Global Output Latch Gate 12 ns 10 ns 15 ns tIGSS Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Global Output Latch Gate 15 ns tWIGL Input Latch Gate Width LOW or HIGH 8 ns tPDLL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input and Output Latches 24 ns tAR Asynchronous Reset to Registered or Latched Output 25 ns tARW Asynchronous Reset Width (Note 1) 20 ns tARR Asynchronous Reset Recovery Time (Note 1) 15 ns tAP Asynchronous Preset to Registered or Latched Output 25 ns tAPW Asynchronous Preset Width (Note 1) 20 ns tAPR Asynchronous Preset Recovery Time (Note 1) 15 ns tEA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Enable 2 20 ns tER Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Disable 2 20 ns Notes: 1. See Switching Test Circuit at the end of this Data Book for test conditions. 2. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where frequency may be affected. 3. This parameter does not apply to flip-flops in the emulated mode since the feedback path is required for emulation. 16 MACH435Q-20 (Com’l) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING RANGES Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Commercial (C) Devices Ambient Temperature with Power Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to +125°C Temperature (TA) Operating in Free Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to +7.0 V Supply Voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75 V to +5.25 V DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V DC Output or I/O Pin Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V Static Discharge Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001 V Latchup Current (TA = 0°C to +70°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 mA Operating ranges define those limits between which the functionality of the device is guaranteed. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device failure. Functionality at or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Programming conditions may differ. DC CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VOH Output HIGH Voltage IOH = –3.2 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL 2.4 VOL Output LOW Voltage IOL = 24 mA, VCC = Min VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 1) VIH Input HIGH Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical HIGH Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) VIL Input LOW Voltage Guaranteed Input Logical LOW Voltage for all Inputs (Note 2) 0.8 V IIH Input HIGH Leakage Current VIN = 5.25 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) 10 µA IIL Input LOW Leakage Current VIN = 0 V, VCC = Max (Note 3) –100 µA IOZH Off-State Output Leakage Current HIGH VOUT = 5.25 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) 10 µA IOZL Off-State Output Leakage Current LOW VOUT = 0 V, VCC = Max VIN = VIH or VIL (Note 3) –100 µA ISC Output Short-Circuit Current VOUT = 0.5 V, VCC = Max (Note 4) –160 mA ICC Supply Current VIN = 0 V, Outputs Open (IOUT = 0 mA), VCC = 5.0 V, f=25 MHz, TA = 25°C, (Note 5) V 0.5 2.0 V V –30 115 mA CAPACITANCE (Note 1) Parameter Symbol CIN COUT Parameter Description Test Conditions Typ Unit Input Capacitance VIN = 2.0 V VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C, 6 pF Output Capacitance VOUT = 2.0 V f = 1 MHz 8 pF Notes: 1. Total IOL for one PAL block should not exceed 128 mA. 2. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included. 3. I/O pin leakage is the worst case of IIL and IOZL (or IIH and IOZH). 4. Not more than one output should be shorted at a time and duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second. VOUT = 0.5 V has been chosen to avoid test problems caused by tester ground degradation. 5. Measured with a 16-bit up/down counter pattern. This pattern is programmed in each PAL Block and capable of being loaded, erased, and reset. An actual ICC value can be calculated by using the “Typical Dynamic ICC Characteristics” Chart towards the end of the this data sheet. 6. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where capacitance may be affected. MACH435Q-25 (Com’l) 17 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) -25 Parameter Symbol Parameter Description tPD tSA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Combinatorial Output (Note 2) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock Max Unit 3 25 ns D-type 18 ns T-type 19 ns ns tHA Register Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 18 tCOA Product Term Clock to Output (Note 2) 4 tWLA Product Term, Clock Width tWHA External Feedback fMAXA tSS Maximum Frequency Using Product Term Clock (Note 3) 1/(tSA + tCOA) Internal Feedback (fCNTA) No Feedback (Note 4) Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Clock Register Data Hold Time Using Global Clock tCOS Global Clock to Output (Note 2) Global Clock Width External Feedback fMAXS Maximum Frequency Using Global Clock (Note 3) 1/(tSS + tCOS) ns 19 ns HIGH 19 ns D-type 21.7 MHz T-type 21.3 MHz D-type 24.4 MHz T-type 23.8 MHz 26.3 MHz D-type 20 ns T-type 21 ns 0 ns 2 tWHS 28 LOW 1/(tWLA + tWHA) tHS tWLS 12 ns LOW 8 ns HIGH 8 ns D-type 31.3 MHz T-type 30.3 MHz D-type 37 MHz T-type 35.7 MHz 50 MHz Internal Feedback (fCNTS) 1/(tSS + tHS) No Feedback (Note 4) 18 Min tSLA Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Product Term Clock 18 ns tHLA Latch Data Hold Time Using Product Term Clock 18 ns tGOA Product Term Gate to Output (Note 2) tGWA Product Term Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) 19 ns tSLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback to Global Gate 20 ns tHLS Latch Data Hold Time Using Global Gate 0 ns tGOS Gate to Output (Note 2) tGWS Global Gate Width LOW (for LOW transparent) or HIGH (for HIGH transparent) tPDL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input or Output Latch 29 21 8 ns ns ns 27 ns tSIR Input Register Setup Time 5 ns tHIR Input Register Hold Time 5 ns tICO Input Register Clock to Combinatorial Output MACH435Q-25 (Com’l) 30 ns SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges (Note 1) (continued) -25 Parameter Symbol Parameter Description tICS tWICL Min Input Register Clock to Output Register Setup Unit 25 ns T-type 26 ns LOW 8 ns HIGH 8 ns 62.5 MHz Input Register Clock Width tWICH fMAXIR Max D-type Maximum Input Register Frequency 1/(tWICL + tWICH) tSIL Input Latch Setup Time 5 ns tHIL Input Latch Hold Time 5 ns tIGO Input Latch Gate to Combinatorial Output 30 ns tIGOL Input Latch Gate to Output Through Transparent Output Latch 32 ns Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Product Term Output Latch Gate 20 ns Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Product Term Output Latch Gate 24 ns tSLLS Setup Time from Input, I/O, or Feedback Through Transparent Input Latch to Global Output Latch Gate 22 ns tIGSS Input Latch Gate to Output Latch Setup Using Global Output Latch Gate 26 ns tWIGL Input Latch Gate Width LOW or HIGH 8 ns tPDLL Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Through Transparent Input and Output Latches tSLLA tIGSA tAR 29 Asynchronous Reset to Registered or Latched Output 30 ns ns tARW Asynchronous Reset Width (Note 3) 25 ns tARR Asynchronous Reset Recovery Time (Note 3) 25 ns tAP Asynchronous Preset to Registered or Latched Output 30 ns tAPW Asynchronous Preset Width (Note 3) 25 ns tAPR Asynchronous Preset Recovery Time (Note 3) 25 ns tEA Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Enable (Note 2) 2 25 ns tER Input, I/O, or Feedback to Output Disable (Note 2) 2 25 ns Notes: 1. See Switching Test Circuit at the end of this Data Book for test conditions. 2. Parameters measured with 32 outputs switching. 3. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are evaluated at initial characterization and at any time the design is modified where frequency may be affected. 4. This parameter does not apply to flip-flops in the emulated mode since the feedback path is required for emulation. MACH435Q-25 (Com’l) 19 TYPICAL CURRENT VS. VOLTAGE (I-V) CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C IOL (mA) 80 60 40 20 VOL (V) –1.0 –0.8 –0.6 –0.4 –0.2 –20 .2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 –40 –60 –80 17469E-4 Output, LOW IOH (mA) 25 1 2 3 4 5 VOH (V) –3 –2 –1 –25 –50 –75 –100 –125 –150 17469E-5 Output, HIGH II (mA) 20 VI (V) –2 –1 –20 1 2 3 4 5 –40 –60 –80 –100 Input 20 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 17469E-6 TYPICAL ICC CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C 325 MACH435 300 275 250 225 200 175 ICC (mA) 150 125 MACH435Q 100 75 50 25 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Frequency (MHz) 17469E-7 The selected “typical” pattern is a 16-bit up/down counter. This pattern is programmed in each PAL block and is capable of being loaded, enabled, and reset. Maximum frequency shown uses internal feedback and a D-type register. MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 21 TYPICAL THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Measured at 25°C ambient. These parameters are not tested. Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Typ PLCC Unit θjc Thermal impedance, junction to case 5 °C/W θja Thermal impedance, junction to ambient 20 °C/W θjma Thermal impedance, junction to ambient with air flow 200 lfpm air 17 °C/W 400 lfpm air 14 °C/W 600 lfpm air 12 °C/W 800 lfpm air 10 °C/W Plastic θjc Considerations The data listed for plastic θjc are for reference only and are not recommended for use in calculating junction temperatures. The heat-flow paths in plastic-encapsulated devices are complex, making the θjc measurement relative to a specific location on the package surface. Tests indicate this measurement reference point is directly below the die-attach area on the bottom center of the package. Furthermore, θjc tests on packages are performed in a constant-temperature bath, keeping the package surface at a constant temperature. Therefore, the measurements can only be used in a similar environment. 22 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 SWITCHING WAVEFORMS Input, I/O, or Feedback VT tPD Combinatorial Output VT 17469E-8 Combinatorial Output Input, I/O, or Feedback Input, I/O, or Feedback VT tS VT tH tSL Gate VT Clock tHL VT tCO tPDL Registered Output tGO Latched Out VT VT 17469E-10 17469E-9 Registered Output Latched Output (MACH 2, 3, and 4) tWH Clock Gate VT tGWS tWL 17469E-12 17469E-11 Clock Width Gate Width (MACH 2, 3, and 4) Registered Input VT tSIR Input Register Clock Registered Input VT tHIR Input Register Clock VT tICO Combinatorial Output VT 17469E-13 Registered Input (MACH 2 and 4) VT tICS Output Register Clock VT 17469E-14 Input Register to Output Register Setup (MACH 2 and 4) Notes: 1. VT = 1.5 V. 2. Input pulse amplitude 0 V to 3.0 V. 3. Input rise and fall times 2 ns–4 ns typical. MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 23 SWITCHING WAVEFORMS Latched In VT tSIL tHIL Gate VT tIGO Combinatorial Output VT 17469E-15 Latched Input (MACH 2 and 4) tPDLL Latched In VT Latched Out Input Latch Gate VT tIGOL tSLL tIGS VT Output Latch Gate 17469E-16 Latched Input and Output (MACH 2, 3, and 4) Notes: 1. VT = 1.5 V. 2. Input pulse amplitude 0 V to 3.0 V. 3. Input rise and fall times 2 ns–4 ns typical. 24 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 SWITCHING WAVEFORMS tWICH Clock Input Latch Gate VT VT tWICL tWIGL 17469E-18 17469E-17 Input Register Clock Width (MACH 2 and 4) Input Latch Gate Width (MACH 2 and 4) tARW tAPW Input, I/O, or Feedback Input, I/O, or Feedback VT VT tAR Registered Output tAP Registered Output VT VT tARR Clock tAPR Clock VT VT 17469E-19 17469E-20 Asynchronous Reset Asynchronous Preset Input, I/O, or Feedback VT tER tEA VOH - 0.5V Outputs VOL + 0.5V VT 17469E-21 Output Disable/Enable Notes: 1. VT = 1.5 V. 2. Input pulse amplitude 0 V to 3.0 V. 3. Input rise and fall times 2 ns–4 ns typical. MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 25 KEY TO SWITCHING WAVEFORMS WAVEFORM INPUTS OUTPUTS Must be Steady Will be Steady May Change from H to L Will be Changing from H to L May Change from L to H Will be Changing from L to H Don’t Care, Any Change Permitted Changing, State Unknown Does Not Apply Center Line is HighImpedance “Off” State KS000010-PAL SWITCHING TEST CIRCUIT 5V S1 R1 Output Test Point R2 CL 17469E-22 Commercial Specification tPD, tCO tEA tER S1 CL R1 R2 Closed Measured Output Value 1.5 V Z → H: Open Z → L: Closed 35 pF H → Z: Open L → Z: Closed 5 pF 1.5 V 300 Ω 390 Ω H → Z: VOH – 0.5 V L → Z: VOL + 0.5 V *Switching several outputs simultaneously should be avoided for accurate measurement. 26 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 ENDURANCE CHARACTERISTICS The MACH families are manufactured using our advanced Electrically Erasable process. This technology uses an EE cell to replace the fuse link used in bipolar parts. As a result, the device can be erased and reprogrammed, a feature which allows 100% testing at the factory. Endurance Characteristics Parameter Symbol tDR N 28 Parameter Description Min Units Test Conditions 10 Years Max Storage Temperature Min Pattern Data Retention Time 20 Years Max Operating Temperature Max Reprogramming Cycles 100 Cycles Normal Programming Conditions MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 INPUT/OUTPUT EQUIVALENT SCHEMATICS VCC 100 kΩ 1 kΩ VCC ESD Protection Input VCC VCC 100 kΩ 1 kΩ Preload Circuitry Feedback Input 17469E-24 I/O MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 29 POWER-UP RESET The MACH devices have been designed with the capability to reset during system power-up. Following powerup, all flip-flops will be reset to LOW. The output state will depend on the logic polarity. This feature provides extra flexibility to the designer and is especially valuable in simplifying state machine initialization. A timing diagram and parameter table are shown below. Due to the synchronous operation of the power-up reset and the Parameter Symbol wide range of ways VCC can rise to its steady state, two conditions are required to insure a valid power-up reset. These conditions are: 1. The VCC rise must be monotonic. 2. Following reset, the clock input must not be driven from LOW to HIGH until all applicable input and feedback setup times are met. Parameter Descriptions Max Unit tPR Power-Up Reset Time 10 µs tS Input or Feedback Setup Time tWL Clock Width LOW See Switching Characteristics VCC Power 4V tPR Registered Output tS Clock tWL 17469E-25 Power-Up Reset Waveform 30 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 USING PRELOAD AND OBSERVABILITY In order to be testable, a circuit must be both controllable and observable. To achieve this, the MACH devices incorporate register preload and observability. Preloaded HIGH D In preload mode, each flip-flop in the MACH device can be loaded from the I/O pins, in order to perform functional testing of complex state machines. Register preload makes it possible to run a series of tests from a known starting state, or to load illegal states and test for proper recovery. This ability to control the MACH device’s internal state can shorten test sequences, since it is easier to reach the state of interest. Q1 Q AR Preloaded HIGH The observability function makes it possible to see the internal state of the buried registers during test by overriding each register’s output enable and activating the output buffer. The values stored in output and buried registers can then be observed on the I/O pins. Without this feature, a thorough functional test would be impossible for any designs with buried registers. D Q2 Q AR While the implementation of the testability features is fairly straightforward, care must be taken in certain instances to insure valid testing. One case involves asynchronous reset and preset. If the MACH registers drive asynchronous reset or preset lines and are preloaded in such a way that reset or preset are asserted, the reset or preset may remove the preloaded data. This is illustrated in Figure 2. Care should be taken when planning functional tests, so that states that will cause unexpected resets and presets are not preloaded. Another case to be aware of arises in testing combinatorial logic. When an output is configured as combinatorial, the observability feature forces the output into registered mode. When this happens, all product terms are forced to zero, which eliminates all combinatorial data. For a straight combinatorial output, the correct value will be restored after the preload or observe function, and there will be no problem. If the function implements a combinatorial latch, however, it relies on feedback to hold the correct value, as shown in Figure 3. As this value may change during the preload or observe operation, you cannot count on the data being correct after the operation. To insure valid testing in these cases, outputs that are combinatorial latches should not be tested immediately following a preload or observe sequence, but should first be restored to a known state. On Preload Mode Off Q1 AR Q2 Figure 2. Preload/Reset Conflict 17469E-26 Set All MACH 2 devices support both preload and observability. Contact individual programming vendors in order to verify programmer support. Reset Figure 3. Combinatorial Latch 17469E-27 MACH435-12/15/20, Q-20/25 31