SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 D D D D D D D D D D Member of the Texas Instruments Widebus Family EPIC (Enhanced-Performance Implanted CMOS) Submicron Process Typical VOLP (Output Ground Bounce) < 0.8 V at VCC = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C Typical VOHV (Output VOH Undershoot) > 2 V at VCC = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C Supports Mixed-Mode Signal Operation on All Ports (5-V Input/Output Voltage With 3.3-V VCC) Power Off Disables Outputs, Permitting Live Insertion ESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015; Exceeds 200 V Using Machine Model (C = 200 pF, R = 0) Latch-Up Performance Exceeds 250 mA Per JESD 17 Bus Hold on Data Inputs Eliminates the Need for External Pullup/Pulldown Resistors Package Options Include Plastic 300-mil Shrink Small-Outline (DL) and Thin Shrink Small-Outline (DGG) Packages description This 16-bit bus transceiver and register is designed for 1.65-V to 3.6-V VCC operation. DGG OR DL PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 1DIR 1CLKAB 1SAB GND 1A1 1A2 VCC 1A3 1A4 1A5 GND 1A6 1A7 1A8 2A1 2A2 2A3 GND 2A4 2A5 2A6 VCC 2A7 2A8 GND 2SAB 2CLKAB 2DIR 1 56 2 55 3 54 4 53 5 52 6 51 7 50 8 49 9 48 10 47 11 46 12 45 13 44 14 43 15 42 16 41 17 40 18 39 19 38 20 37 21 36 22 35 23 34 24 33 25 32 26 31 27 30 28 29 1OE 1CLKBA 1SBA GND 1B1 1B2 VCC 1B3 1B4 1B5 GND 1B6 1B7 1B8 2B1 2B2 2B3 GND 2B4 2B5 2B6 VCC 2B7 2B8 GND 2SBA 2CLKBA 2OE The SN74LVCH16646A can be used as two 8-bit transceivers or one 16-bit transceiver. The device consists of bus transceiver circuits, D-type flip-flops, and control circuitry arranged for multiplexed transmission of data directly from the input bus or from the internal registers. Data on the A or B bus is clocked into the registers on the low-to-high transition of the appropriate clock (CLKAB or CLKBA) input. Figure 1 illustrates the four fundamental bus-management functions that can be performed with the SN74LVCH16646A. Output-enable (OE) and direction-control (DIR) inputs control the transceiver functions. In the transceiver mode, data present at the high-impedance port can be stored in either register or in both. The select-control (SAB and SBA) inputs can multiplex stored and real-time (transparent mode) data. The circuitry used for select control eliminates the typical decoding glitch that occurs in a multiplexer during the transition between stored and real-time data. DIR determines which bus receives data when OE is low. In the isolation mode (OE high), A data can be stored in one register and/or B data can be stored in the other register. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. EPIC and Widebus are trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated. Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 description (continued) When an output function is disabled, the input function is still enabled and can be used to store and transmit data. Only one of the two buses, A or B, can be driven at a time. Inputs can be driven from either 3.3-V or 5-V devices. This feature allows the use of these devices as translators in a mixed 3.3-V/5-V system environment. To ensure the high-impedance state during power up or power down, OE should be tied to VCC through a pullup resistor; the minimum value of the resistor is determined by the current-sinking capability of the driver. Active bus-hold circuitry holds unused or floating data inputs at a valid logic level. The SN74LVCH16646A is characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C. FUNCTION TABLE DATA I/O† INPUTS OPERATION OR FUNCTION OE DIR CLKAB CLKBA SAB SBA A1–A8 B1–B8 X X ↑ X X X Input Unspecified Store A, B unspecified{ X X X ↑ X X Unspecified Input Store B, A unspecified{ H X ↑ ↑ X X Input Input Store A and B data H X H or L H or L X X Input Input Isolation, hold storage L L X X X L Output Input Real-time B data to A bus L L X H or L X H Output Input Stored B data to A bus L H X X L X Input Output Real-time A data to B Bus L H H or L X H X Input Output Stored A data to bus † The data-output functions may be enabled or disabled by various signals at OE or DIR. Data-input functions always are enabled, i.e., data at the bus terminals is stored on every low-to-high transition of the clock inputs. 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS OE L DIR L CLKAB CLKBA X X SAB X BUS B BUS A BUS A BUS B SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 SBA L OE L DIR H DIR X X H X X X CLKAB CLKBA ↑ X ↑ X ↑ ↑ SAB L SBA X BUS B BUS A BUS A OE CLKBA X REAL-TIME TRANSFER BUS A TO BUS B BUS B REAL-TIME TRANSFER BUS B TO BUS A CLKAB X SAB SBA X X X X X X STORAGE FROM A, B, OR A AND B OE L L DIR L H CLKAB X H or L CLKBA H or L X SAB X H SBA H X TRANSFER STORED DATA TO A AND/OR B Figure 1. Bus-Management Functions POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 logic symbol† 1OE 1DIR 1CLKBA 1SBA 1CLKAB 1SAB 2OE 2DIR 2CLKBA 2SBA 2CLKAB 2SAB 1A1 56 1 55 54 2 G3 3 EN1 [BA] 3 EN2 [AB] C4 G5 C6 3 G7 29 28 30 31 27 26 G10 10 EN8 [BA] 10 EN9 [AB] C11 G12 C13 G14 ≥1 5 1 1A2 1A3 1A4 1A5 1A6 1A7 1A8 2A1 7 1 2A3 2A4 2A5 2A6 2A7 2A8 ≥1 7 51 49 9 48 10 47 12 45 13 44 14 43 15 16 ≥1 8 1 14 12 11D 42 ≥1 1B3 1B4 1B5 1B6 1B7 1B8 2B1 9 41 17 40 19 38 20 37 21 36 23 34 24 33 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 1B2 12 1 † This symbol is in accordance with ANSI/IEEE Std 91-1984 and IEC Publication 617-12. 4 1B1 2 8 13D 14 2A2 52 5 1 6D 6 4D 5 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 2B2 2B3 2B4 2B5 2B6 2B7 2B8 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 logic diagram (positive logic) 1OE 1DIR 1CLKBA 1SBA 1CLKAB 1SAB 56 1 55 54 2 3 One of Eight Channels 1D C1 1A1 5 52 1B1 1D C1 2OE 2DIR 2CLKBA 2SBA 2CLKAB 2SAB To Seven Other Channels 29 28 30 31 27 26 One of Eight Channels 1D C1 2A1 15 42 2B1 1D C1 To Seven Other Channels POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage range, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 6.5 V Input voltage range, VI: (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 6.5 V Voltage range applied to any output in the high-impedance or power-off state, VO (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 6.5 V Voltage range applied to any output in the high or low state, VO (see Notes 1 and 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –50 mA Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –50 mA Continuous output current, IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±50 mA Continuous current through each VCC or GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±100 mA Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Note 3): DGG package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81°C/W DL package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74°C/W Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. The input negative-voltage and output voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output current ratings are observed. 2. The value of VCC is provided in the recommended operating conditions table. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51. recommended operating conditions (see Note 4) VCC Supply voltage VIH High-level input voltage VIL VI VO IOH Operating Data retention only VCC = 1.65 V to 1.95 V VCC = 2.3 V to 2.7 V VCC = 2.7 V to 3.6 V Input voltage Output voltage High level output current High-level Low level output current Low-level ∆t/∆v Input transition rise or fall rate MAX 3.6 1.5 UNIT V 0.65 × VCC V 1.7 2 0.35 × VCC VCC = 1.65 V to 1.95 V VCC = 2.3 V to 2.7 V VCC = 2.7 V to 3.6 V Low-level input voltage IOL MIN 1.65 0.7 V 0.8 0 5.5 V High or low state 0 3 state 0 VCC 5.5 V VCC = 1.65 V VCC = 2.3 V –4 VCC = 2.7 V VCC = 3 V –12 –8 mA –24 VCC = 1.65 V VCC = 2.3 V 4 VCC = 2.7 V VCC = 3 V 12 8 mA 24 0 10 ns/V TA Operating free-air temperature –40 85 °C NOTE 4: All unused control inputs of the device must be held at VCC or GND to ensure proper device operation. Refer to the TI application report, Implications of Slow or Floating CMOS Inputs, literature number SCBA004. 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IOH = –100 µA IOH = –4 mA 1.65 V VCC–0.2 1.2 2.3 V 1.7 2.7 V 2.2 3V 2.4 3V 2.2 IOH = –8 mA VOH 12 mA IOH = –12 IOH = –24 mA IOL = 100 µA VOL II Control inputs A or B ports 0.2 0.45 2.3 V 0.7 IOL = 12 mA IOL = 24 mA 2.7 V 0.4 3V 0.55 VI = 0 to 5.5 V VI = 0.58 V 3.6 V ±5 Ioff IOZ¶ VO = 0 to 5.5 V ICC VI = VCC or GND 3.6 V ≤ VI ≤ 5.5 V# Control inputs Cio A or B ports µA ‡ 45 23V 2.3 µA –45 75 3V –75 3..6 V ±500 0 ±10 µA 3.6 V ±10 µA IO = 0 20 36V 3.6 One input at VCC – 0.6 V, Other inputs at VCC or GND VI = VCC or GND V ‡ 1 65 V 1.65 VI = 1.7 V VI = 0.8 V UNIT V 1.65 V VI or VO = 5.5 V Ci MAX 1.65 V to 3.6 V VI = 2 V VI = 0 to 3.6 V§ ∆ICC TYP† IOL = 4 mA IOL = 8 mA VI = 1.07 V VI = 0.7 V II(hold) ( ) MIN VCC 1.65 V to 3.6 V 20 2.7 V to 3.6 V 500 3.3 V VO = VCC or GND 3.3 V † All typical values are at VCC = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C. ‡ This information was not available at the time of publication. § This is the bus-hold maximum dynamic current required to switch the input from one state to another. ¶ For I/O ports, the parameter IOZ includes the input leakage current, but not II(hold). # This applies in the disabled state only. µA µA 5 pF 8.5 pF timing requirements over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (see Figures 2 through 4) VCC = 1.8 V ± 0.15 V MIN MAX VCC = 2.5 V ± 0.2 V MIN MAX ‡ VCC = 2.7 V MIN ‡ MAX VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V MIN 150 UNIT MAX fclock tw Clock frequency 150 MHz Pulse duration, CLK high or low ‡ ‡ 3.3 3.3 ns tsu th Setup time, A or B before CLKAB↑ or CLKBA↑ ‡ ‡ 3.2 2.9 ns Hold time, A or B after CLKAB↑ or CLKBA↑ ‡ ‡ 0 0.3 ns ‡ This information was not available at the time of publication. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 switching characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (see Figures 2 through 4) PARAMETER FROM (INPUT) TO (OUTPUT) A or B B or A VCC = 1.8 V ± 0.15 V MIN fmax tpd VCC = 2.5 V ± 0.2 V MAX † CLKAB or CLKBA SAB or SBA A or B ten tdis OE A or B ten tdis DIR A or B MIN MAX † VCC = 2.7 V MIN MAX 150 VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V MIN UNIT MAX 150 MHz † † † † 6.8 1.3 5.7 † † † † 7.9 1.8 6.7 † † † † 9.2 1.7 7.7 † † † † 8.5 1.3 6.9 † † † † 7.7 2.1 6.9 † † † † 8.5 1.4 7.2 † † † † 7.8 2 7 ns ns ns † This information was not available at the time of publication. operating characteristics, TA = 25°C TEST CONDITIONS PARAMETER Cpd Power dissipation capacitance per transceiver VCC = 1.8 V ± 0.15 V VCC = 2.5 V ± 0.2 V VCC = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V TYP TYP TYP † † 60 † † 12 Outputs enabled Outputs disabled f = 10 MHz † This information was not available at the time of publication. 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UNIT pF SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VCC = 1.8 V ± 0.15 V 2 × VCC S1 1k Ω From Output Under Test Open GND CL = 30 pF (see Note A) 1k Ω TEST S1 tpd tPLZ/tPZL tPHZ/tPZH Open 2 × VCC Open LOAD CIRCUIT tw VCC Timing Input VCC/2 VCC/2 VCC/2 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS SETUP AND HOLD TIMES VCC/2 VCC/2 0V tPLH Output Control (low-level enabling) tPLZ VCC VCC/2 VCC/2 VOL Output Waveform 2 S1 at Open (see Note B) VOL + 0.15 V VOL tPHZ tPZH VOH VCC/2 0V Output Waveform 1 S1 at 2 × VCC (see Note B) tPHL VCC/2 VCC VCC/2 tPZL VCC Input VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PULSE DURATION th VCC Data Input VCC/2 0V 0V tsu Output VCC VCC/2 Input VCC/2 VOH VOH – 0.15 V 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS ENABLE AND DISABLE TIMES VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PROPAGATION DELAY TIMES NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. Waveform 1 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is low except when disabled by the output control. Waveform 2 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is high except when disabled by the output control. C. All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr ≤ 2 ns, tf ≤ 2 ns. D. The outputs are measured one at a time with one transition per measurement. E. tPLZ and tPHZ are the same as tdis. F. tPZL and tPZH are the same as ten. G. tPLH and tPHL are the same as tpd. Figure 2. Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VCC = 2.5 V ± 0.2 V 2 × VCC S1 500 Ω From Output Under Test Open GND CL = 30 pF (see Note A) 500 Ω TEST S1 tpd tPLZ/tPZL tPHZ/tPZH Open 2 × VCC GND LOAD CIRCUIT tw VCC Timing Input VCC/2 VCC/2 VCC/2 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS SETUP AND HOLD TIMES VCC/2 VCC/2 0V tPLH Output Control (low-level enabling) tPLZ VCC VCC/2 VCC/2 VOL Output Waveform 2 S1 at GND (see Note B) VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PROPAGATION DELAY TIMES VOL + 0.15 V VOL tPHZ tPZH VOH VCC/2 0V Output Waveform 1 S1 at 2 × VCC (see Note B) tPHL VCC/2 VCC VCC/2 tPZL VCC Input VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PULSE DURATION th VCC Data Input VCC/2 0V 0V tsu Output VCC VCC/2 Input VCC/2 VOH VOH – 0.15 V 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS ENABLE AND DISABLE TIMES NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. Waveform 1 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is low except when disabled by the output control. Waveform 2 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is high except when disabled by the output control. C. All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr ≤ 2 ns, tf ≤ 2 ns. D. The outputs are measured one at a time with one transition per measurement. E. tPLZ and tPHZ are the same as tdis. F. tPZL and tPZH are the same as ten. G. tPLH and tPHL are the same as tpd. Figure 3. Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 SN74LVCH16646A 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVER AND REGISTER WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS SCAS318H – NOVEMBER 1993 – REVISED JUNE 1998 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VCC = 2.7 V AND 3.3 V ± 0.3 V 6V S1 500 Ω From Output Under Test Open GND CL = 50 pF (see Note A) 500 Ω TEST S1 tpd tPLZ/tPZL tPHZ/tPZH Open 6V GND tw LOAD CIRCUIT 2.7 V 2.7 V Timing Input 0V 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PULSE DURATION th 2.7 V Data Input 1.5 V 1.5 V 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS SETUP AND HOLD TIMES 1.5 V 1.5 V 0V tPLH tPHL VOH 1.5 V Output Control (low-level enabling) 2.7 V 1.5 V 1.5 V VOL VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS PROPAGATION DELAY TIMES Output Waveform 1 S1 at 6 V (see Note B) Output Waveform 2 S1 at GND (see Note B) 1.5 V 0V tPZL 2.7 V Output 1.5 V 1.5 V tsu Input 1.5 V Input tPLZ 3V 1.5 V tPZH VOL + 0.3 V VOL tPHZ 1.5 V VOH – 0.3 V VOH 0V VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS ENABLE AND DISABLE TIMES NOTES: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. B. Waveform 1 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is low except when disabled by the output control. Waveform 2 is for an output with internal conditions such that the output is high except when disabled by the output control. C. All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr ≤ 2.5 ns, tf ≤ 2.5 ns. D. The outputs are measured one at a time with one transition per measurement. E. tPLZ and tPHZ are the same as tdis. F. tPZL and tPZH are the same as ten. G. tPLH and tPHL are the same as tpd. Figure 4. Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated