TK14584 FM IF IC FEATURES APPLICATIONS ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Communications Equipment ■ Wireless LAN ■ Keyless Entry Systems Input Frequency (~22 MHz) Low Voltage Operation (2.3 to 5.5 V) Battery Save Function Wide Band Demodulator (~1 MHz) Very Small Package (SSOP-12) TK14584M DESCRIPTION The TK14584M is a standard function general purpose IF IC capable of operating up to 22 MHz. The TK14584M has a unique function that allows establishing the demodulation characteristics by changing the external RC time constant, and not changing the phase shifter constant. The RSSI output is individually trimmed, resulting in excellent accuracy, good linearity, and stable temperature characteristics. The TK14584M was developed for highspeed data communication, DECT, wireless LAN, keyless entry systems, etc. IF INPUT GND DECOUPLE 11 RSSI DECOUPLE 10 IF OUTPUT NC 9 DET INPUT POWER SAVE 8 DET OUTPUT 7 AMP OUTPUT VCC AMP OUTPUT DET OUTPUT DET INPUT RSSI GND The TK14584M is available in the very small SSOP-12 surface mount package. IF OUTPUT BLOCK DIAGRAM GND + AMP ORDERING INFORMATION POWER SAVE NC DECOUPLE DECOUPLE IF INPUT Tape/Reel Code VCC VCC TK14584M TAPE/REEL CODE TL: Tape Left January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 1 TK14584 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage ........................................................... 6 V Operating Voltage Range .............................. 2.3 to 5.5 V Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 250 mW Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range ...................-30 to +85 °C Operating Frequency Range (IF) ................. 6 to 22 MHz Operating Frequecy Range (Demodulation) ..... to 1 MHz TK14584M ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Test conditions: VCC = 3 V, fIN = 10.7 MHz, fm = 1 kHz, Modulation = ±50 kHz, TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL ICC PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS No input 3.5 5.0 mA Power Save = ON, No input 0.2 5.0 µA 200 360 mVrms 0.5 2.0 % Supply Current IF VOUT Output Voltage -30 dBm input THD Total Harmonic Distortion -30 dBm input S/N Signal to Noise Ratio -30 dBm input SINAD 12 dB SINAD RIF(IN) Limiter Input Resistance G Gain 120 60 70 dB -89 -83 dBm 1.4 1.8 2.2 kΩ 69 75 No input 0.00 0.20 0.30 V -60 dBm non-modulated input 0.40 0.55 0.70 V -30 dBm non-modulated input 1.05 1.20 1.40 V 0 dBm non-modulated input 1.50 1.70 1.95 V dB RSSI VRSSI RSSI Output Voltage Note 1: Power dissipation is 250 mW when mounted as recommended. Derate at 2.0 mW/°C for operation above 25°C. Page 2 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 TEST CIRCUIT VCC RSSI OUT 836BH-0268 (TOKO) 3.3 kΩ 1000 pF DET OUTPUT 0.01 µF 12 kΩ 1 pF 51 kΩ GND + AMP VCC VCC 0.01 µF + P.S. 50 Ω January 2000 TOKO, Inc. ~ 0.01 µF 0.01 µF 4.7 µF 0.01 µF IF-INPUT Page 3 TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. S+N, N, AM OUT, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 0 RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 20 2.0 16 1.6 VCC S+N 12 AM OUT (30% mod.) 8 -60 THD -80 VRSSI (V) S+N,N, AM OUT (dBV) -40 THD (%) 5.5 V -20 3.0 V 2.3 V 1.2 0.8 4 0.4 0 0.0 -120 -100 -80 N -60 -40 -20 0 20 VIN (dBm) VIN (dBm) DETUNE CHARACTERISTICS S CURVE -10 12 -40 8 10.7 2 1 4 THD 10.5 VOUT(DC) (V) -30 -50 10.9 0 10.3 0 11.1 10.5 VOUT (mVrms) 4 220 3 VOUT 2 180 140 S/N 70 S/N (dB) ICC 100 4 VCC (V) Page 4 11.1 5 6 -60 60 -70 -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY -80 50 1 40 0 30 -90 12 dB SINAD THD 3 10.9 SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO, -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY, 12 dB SINAD vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE -50 80 THD (dB), ICC (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 5 300 2 10.7 fIN (MHz) fIN (MHz) 260 20 16 VOUT THD (%) VOUT (dBV) -20 0 3 20 -60 10.3 -60 -40 -20 2 3 4 5 -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY, 12 dB SINAD (dBm) -100 -120 -100 -80 -100 6 VCC (V) January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO, -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY, 12 dB SINAD vs. TEMPERATURE 4 220 3 VOUT 2 180 140 S/N 70 S/N (dB) ICC THD (%), ICC (mA) VOUT (mVrms) 260 -50 80 -60 60 -70 -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY -80 50 12 dB SINAD 40 1 -90 THD -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 100 30 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TA (°C) TA (°C) LIMITER GAIN vs. INPUT FREQUENCY RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE 100 2.0 80 1.8 VRSSI (V) GAIN (dB) 100 -40 60 40 -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY, 12 dB SINAD (dBm) SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. TEMPERATURE 5 300 -100 100 VIN = 0 dBm 1.6 1.4 VIN = -15 dBm 1.2 20 1.0 -40 0 1 3 5 10 30 50 VIN = -30 dBm -20 0 20 40 60 80 fIN (MHz) TA (°C) RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE RSSI OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 1.0 100 2.0 VIN = -45 dBm 1.6 0.6 VRSSI (V) VRSSI (V) 0.8 VIN = -60 dBm 0.4 1.2 0.8 VIN = -75 dBm 0.2 0.0 -40 0.4 VIN = -90 dBm -20 0 20 40 TA (°C) January 2000 TOKO, Inc. 60 80 100 TEMP (deg) -30 0 25 50 70 85 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 VIN (dBm) Page 5 TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. S CURVE 3 VCC 836BH-0268 (TOKO) VOUT(DC) (V) RD C 2 DET OUTPUT 1 pF 51 kΩ RD = 1.0 k 1 RD = 2.0 k RD = 3.3 k 0 9.9 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.5 fIN (MHz) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. MODULATING FREQUENCY OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. MODULATING FREQUENCY 2 2 0 dB = 208 mVrms RD = 3.3 kΩ 0 dB = 107 mVrms 0 RD = 2.0 kΩ 0 C=∞ C=∞ -2 C = 330 pF VOUT (dB) VOUT (dB) -2 -4 C = 1000 pF -6 C = 10 pF -8 -10 C = 330 pF -4 C = 1000 pF -6 C = 10 pF -8 -10 C = 47 pF -12 C = 47 pF -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (kHz) 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (kHz) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. MODULATING FREQUENCY 2 0 dB = 35.2 mVrms RD = 1.0 kΩ 0 C=∞ VOUT (dB) -2 C = 330 pF -4 C = 1000 pF -6 C = 10 pF -8 -10 C = 47 pF -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (kHz) Page 6 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (IF Input ON/OFF) C IF INPUT VOLTAGE = -10, -40, -70 dBm 12 k RSSI OUTPUT C = 0.01 µF RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) SG GATE PULSE (1V/div) 0.1 ms/div 0.1 ms/div C = 0.001 µF RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) SG GATE PULSE (1V/div) 20 µs/div 20 µs/div C = 0.0001 µF RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) SG GATE PULSE (1V/div) 20 µs/div January 2000 TOKO, Inc. 20 µs/div Page 7 TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (Power Save ON/OFF) C IF INPUT VOLTAGE = -10, -40, -70 dBm 12 k RSSI OUTPUT C = 0.01 µF POWER SAVE (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) C = 0.001 µF 0.2 ms/div 0.2 ms/div POWER SAVE (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) 20 µs/div C = 0.0001 µF 20 µs/div POWER SAVE (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) 20 µs/div Page 8 20 µs/div January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. RSSI Output Voltage Transient Response (Supply Voltage ON) C IF INPUT VOLTAGE = -10, -40, -70 dBm 12 k RSSI OUTPUT C = 0.01 µF VCC (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) C = 0.001 µF 0.5 ms/div VCC (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) 0.5 ms/div C = 0.0001 µF VCC (1V/div) RSSI OUTPUT -10 dBm in -40 dBm in -70 dBm in (0.5V/div) 0.5 ms/div January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 9 TK14584 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. Detector Output Voltage Transient Response (Power Save ON/OFF,Supply Voltage ON) IF INPUT VOLTAGE = -40 dBm, No input POWER SAVE ON/OFF POWER SAVE (1V/div) DET OUTPUT -40 dBm in, No input (0.5V/div) 2 ms/div 2 ms/div SUPPLY VOLTAGE ON VCC (1V/div) DET OUTPUT -40 dBm in, No input (0.5V/div) 2 ms/div Page 10 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION TERMINAL INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT PIN NO. 1 2 3 SYMBOL IF INPUT DECOUPLE DECOUPLE DESCRIPTION VOLTAGE 1.9 V 1.9 V 1.9 V VCC 1: Limiting Amp INPUT 2,3: Limiting Amp Decoupling 100 k 1.8 k 100 k 4 NC 5 POWER SAVE No internal connection. However, this pin must be connected to GND for noise reduction. VS Power Save On: VS < 0.3 V 100 k 100 k 6 VCC 3.0 V 7 8 AMP OUTPUT DET OUTPUT 1.2 V 1.2 V Power Save Off: VS = 1.5 V to VCC VCC 7: Amplifier Output 8: Detector Output 1.2 V 9 DET INPUT January 2000 TOKO, Inc. 3.0 V VCC Detector Input Page 11 TK14584 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION TERMINAL INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT PIN NO. 10 SYMBOL IF OUTPUT DESCRIPTION VOLTAGE 1.9 V VCC IF Limiter Output 100 k 11 RSSI 12 GND Page 12 VCC RSSI Output 0V January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 AMP OUTPUT DET OUTPUT DET INPUT IF OUTPUT RSSI GND CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION GND + AMP VCC POWER SAVE NC DECOUPLE DECOUPLE IF INPUT VCC IF Limiter Amplifier, RSSI: The IF limiter amplifier is composed of five differential gain stages. The total gain of the IF limiter amplifier is 80 dB. The output signal of the IF limiter amplifier is provided at Pin 10 through the emitter-follower output stage. The IF limiter amplifier output level is 0.5 VP-P. The input resistance of the IF limiter amplifier is 1.8 kΩ (see Figure 1A). If the impedance of the filter is lower than 1.8 kΩ, connect an external resistor between Pin 1 and Pin 2 in parallel to provide the equivalent load impedance of the filter. Figure 1A shows the case that the impedance of the filter is 330 Ω. The operating current of the emitter-follower of the IF limiter amplifier output is 200 µA. If the capacitive load is large, the negative half cycle of the output waveform may be distorted. This distortion can be reduced by connecting an external resistor between Pin 10 to GND to increase the operating current. The increased operating current from an external resistor is calculated as follows (see Figure 1B): The increased operating current Ie (mA) = (VCC - 1.0) / Re (kΩ) VCC 1.8 K 330 100 kΩ 200 µA FIGURE 1A January 2000 TOKO, Inc. IF OUTPUT Re Ie FIGURE 1B Page 13 TK14584 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.) The RSSI output is a current output. It converts to a voltage by an external resistor between Pin 11 and GND. The time constant of the RSSI output is determined by the product of the external converting resistance and parallel capacitance. When the time constant is longer, the RSSI output is less likely to be influenced by a disturbance or component of amplitude modulation, but the RSSI output response is slower. The external resistance and capacitance are determined by the application. VCC OUTPUT CURRENT RSSI- OUT Current-to-Voltage Transformation Resistor FIGURE 2 - RSSI OUTPUT STAGE The slope of the RSSI curve characteristic can be modified by changing the external resistance. In this case, the maximum range of converted RSSI output voltage is GND level to about VCC - 0.2 V (the supply voltage minus the collector saturation voltage of the output transistor). In addition, the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage can be modified by changing the temperature characteristic of the external resistor. Normally, the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage is very stable when using a carbon resistor or metal film resistor with a temperature characteristic of 0 to 200 ppm/ °C. The RSSI output is trimmed individually for enhanced accuracy. AM Demodulation by Using the RSSI Output: Although the distortion of the RSSI output is high because it is a logarithmic detection of the IF input envelope, AM can be demodulated simply by using the RSSI output. In this case, the input dynamic range that can demodulate AM is the inside of the linear portion of the RSSI curve characteristic (see Figure 3B). This method does not have a feedback loop to control the gain because an AGC amplifier is not necessary (unlike the popularly used AM demodulation method). Therefore, it is a very useful for some applications because it does not have the response time problem. Figure 3A shows the AM demodulated waveform. Page 14 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.) RSSI-OUT (V) Operating Condition VCC = 3 V, fIN = 10.7 MHz, fm = 40 kHz, Mod = 80%, VIN = -40 dBm AM can be demodulated inside of linear range 100mV/div 10µs/div RF INPUT - LEVEL (dBu) FIGURE 3B FIGURE 3A - AM DEMODULATED WAVEFORM FM Detector: The FM detector is included in the quadrature FM detector using a Gilbert multiplier. It is suitable for high speed data communication because the demodulation bandwidth is over 1 MHz. The phase shifter is connected between Pin 10 (IF limiter output) and Pin 9 (input detector). Any available phase shifter can be used: a LC resonance circuit, a ceramic discriminator, a delay line, etc. Figure 4 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector. VCC VCC VCC QB QA multiplier core circuit FIGURE 4 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 15 TK14584 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.) The signal from the phase shifter is applied to the multiplier (in the dotted line) through emitter-follower stage QA. When the phase shifter is connected between Pin 10 and Pin 9, note that the bias voltage to Pin 9 should be provided from an external source because Pin 9 is only connected to the base of QA. Because the base of QB (at the opposite side) is connected with the supply voltage, Pin 9 has to be biased with the equivalent voltage. Using an LC resonance circuit is not a problem (see Figure 5). However, when using a ceramic discriminator, it is necessary to pay attention to bias. If there is a difference of the base voltages, the DC voltages of the multiplier do not balance. It alters the DC zero point or worsens the distortion of demodulation output. The Pin 9 input level should be saturated at the multiplier; if this level is lower, it is easy to disperse the modulation output. Therefore, to have stable operation, Pin 9 should be higher than 100 mVP-P. The following figures show examples of the phase shifter. Rz is the characteristic impedance VCC VCC VCC Rz Rz Delay Line LC resonance circuit ceramic discriminator delay line FIGURE 5 - EXAMPLES OF PHASE SHIFTERS Establishing Demodulation Characteristics: Generally, demodulation characteristics of FM detectors are determined by the external phase shifter. However, this product has a unique function which can optionally establish the demodulation characteristics by the time constant of the circuit parts after demodulation. The following explains this concept. Figure 6 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector output stage. The multiplier output current of the detector is converted to a voltage by the internal OP AMP. The characteristic of this stage is determined by converting the current to voltage with resistor RO and the capacitor CO connected between Pin 7 and Pin 8 (see Figure 6). In other words, the slope of the S-curve characteristic can be established optionally with resistor RO without changing the constant of the phase shifter. The demodulated bandwidth can be established optionally by the time constant of this external resistor RO and capacitor CO inside of a bandwidth of the IF-filter and phase shifter. Figure 7 shows an example of this characteristic. Page 16 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.) Vref The -3 dB frequency Fc is calculated by the following: I to V convertor Fc = io R0 Demodulated Output Current Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT C0 1 2 π C0R0 The S-curve output voltage is calculated by the following as centering around the internal reference voltage Vref: VOUT = Vref ± io X R0 Where Vref = 1.4 V, maximum of current io = ±100 µA FIGURE 6 - INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF DETECTOR OUTPUT STAGE 2 0 dB = 35.2 mVrms C=∞ 0 VOUT (dB) -2 Operating Condition: C= 10 pF Measured by the standard test circuit. Parallel resistor to phase shift coil = 1 kΩ. fIN = 10.7 MHz, modulation = ±100 kHz. External capacitance CO = 0~1000 pF. -4 -6 C = 330 pF -8 C= 47 pF C = 1000 pF -10 -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (Hz) FIGURE 7 - EXAMPLE: BANDWIDTH OF DEMODULATION VS. TIME CONSTANT CHARACTERISTIC Center Voltage of Detector DC Output: The center voltage of the detector DC output is determined by the internal reference voltage source. It is impossible to change this internal reference voltage source, but it is possible to change the center voltage by the following method. As illustrated in Figure 8, the demodulated output current at Pin 8 is converted to the voltage by an external resistor R1 without using the internal OP AMP. Figure 9 shows an example of a simple circuit that divides the supply voltage into halves using resistors. Since both circuits have a high output impedance, an external buffer amplifier should be connected. January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 17 TK14584 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION (CONT.) Vref I to V convertor Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT = VB ± R1 x io Demodulated Bandwidth io VB 1 2 π C1(1/gm) 1/gm is approximately 50 kΩ which is the output resistance of the multiplier. Pin 7 is disconnected. Fc = Demodulated Output Current R1 C1 Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT FIGURE 8 - EXAMPLE OF USING EXTERNAL REFERENCE SOURCE VCC Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT R1 R2 Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT = VCC/2 ± R1 x io 1 Fc = 2 π C1(1/gm) Demodulated Bandwidth 1/gm is approximately 50 kΩ which is the output resistance of the multiplier. Pin 7 is disconnected. C1 R1 = R2 FIGURE 9 - EXAMPLE OF DIVIDING SUPPLY VOLTAGE INTO HALVES BY THE RESISTORS Power Save Function: Pin 5 is the control terminal for the battery save function. The ON/OFF operation of the whole IC can be switched by controlling the DC voltage at this terminal. Figure 10 shows the internal equivalent circuit of Pin 5. Because it switches the bias circuit of the entire IC by using the transistor in standby mode, it reduces the supply current to near zero. As the input terminal is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at GND side only, it is possible to control the voltage above the supply voltage. It is possible to go into standby mode by disconnecting Pin 5, but it is not recommended because Pin 5 is a high impedance and may malfunction by an external disturbance. When Pin 5 is disconnected, a suitable capacitor should be connected between Pin 5 and GND. VCC BIAS 50 K Vs FIGURE 10 Page 18 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK14584 TEST BOARD C1 = C2 = C4 = C6 = C8 = C9 = C10 = 0.01 µF C3 = 4.7 µF, C5 = 1000 pF, C7 = 1 pF R1 = 51 Ω, R2 = 51 kΩ, R3 = 3.3 kΩ, R4 = 12 kΩ, R5 = 3 kΩ L1 = L2 = 10 µH L3 = 836BH-0268 (TOKO) January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 19 TK14584 PACKAGE OUTLINE Marking Information SSOP-12 TK14584M 584 1.2 0.4 Marking 12 e1 5.4 7 4.4 AAA e 0.8 YYY Recommended Mount Pad 1 6 1.7 max +0.15 -0.05 0.5 +0.15 0.3 -0.05 0.15 0 ~ 0.2 1.4 5.0 0 ~ 10 Lot. No. e 0.8 0.1 6.0 0.10 + 0.3 M Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified) Toko America, Inc. Headquarters 1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES Midwest Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 1250 Feehanville Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 Western Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 2480 North First Street , Suite 260 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: (408) 432-8281 Fax: (408) 943-9790 Eastern Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 107 Mill Plain Road Danbury, CT 06811 Tel: (203) 748-6871 Fax: (203) 797-1223 Semiconductor Technical Support Toko Design Center 4755 Forge Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 Tel: (719) 528-2200 Fax: (719) 528-2375 Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc. Page 20 © 1999 Toko, Inc. All Rights Reserved January 2000 TOKO, Inc. IC-119-TK119xx 0798O0.0K Printed in the USA