TI TRF371125IRGZT

TRF371125
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
INTEGRATED IQ DEMODULATOR
Check for Samples: TRF371125
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
•
•
The TRF371125 is a highly linear and integrated
direct-conversion quadrature demodulator. The
TRF371125 integrates balanced I and Q mixers, LO
buffers, and phase splitters to convert an RF signal
directly to I and Q baseband. The on-chip
programmable-gain amplifiers allow adjustment of the
output signal level without the need for external
variable-gain (attenuator) devices. The TRF371125
integrates programmable baseband low-pass filters
that attenuate nearby interference, eliminating the
need for an external baseband filter.
1
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Frequency Range: 700 MHz to 4000 MHz
Integrated Baseband Programmable-Gain
Amplifier
On-Chip Programmable Baseband Filter
High Out-of-Band IP3: 24 dBm at 2400 MHz
High Out-of-Band IP2: 60 dBm at 2400 MHz
Hardware and Software Power Down
Three-Wire Serial Interface
Single Supply: 4.5-V to 5.5-V Operation
Silicon Germanium Technology
Housed in a 7-mm × 7-mm QFN package, the
TRF371125 provides the smallest and most
integrated
receiver
solution
available
for
high-performance equipment.
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
Multicarrier Wireless Infrastructure
WiMAX
High-Linearity Direct-Downconversion
Receiver
LTE (Long Term Evolution)
To Microcontroller
READBACK
NC
Gain_B1
Gain_B2
NC
Gain_B0
MIXIoutn
NC
STROBE
MIXIoutp
CLOCK
RFin
DATA
To Microcontroller
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
36
GNDDIG
1
VCCDIG
2
35
GND
CHIP_EN
3
34
BBIoutn
VCCMIX1
4
33
BBIoutp
GND
5
32
GND
MIXinp
6
31
LOip
VCCBBI
To ADC I
LOin
TRF371125
MIXinn
7
30
LOin
GND
8
29
VCCLO
VCCMIX2
9
28
BBQoutp
NC
10
27
BBQoutn
NC
11
26
NC
GND
VCCBBQ
VCM
GNDBIAS
REXT
VCCBIAS
NC
NC
MIXQoutn
GND
MIXQoutp
GND
25
12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
GND
GND
To ADC Q
30 kW
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
TRF371125
SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
www.ti.com
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
AVAILABLE DEVICE OPTIONS (1)
PRODUCT
PACKAGE
LEAD
PACKAGE
DESIGNATOR(1)
SPECIFIED
TEMPERATURE
RANGE
PACKAGE
MARKING
TRF371125
QFN-48
RGZ
–40°C to 85°C
TRF371125
ORDERING
NUMBER
TRANSPORT
MEDIA, QUANTITY
TRF371125IRGZR
Tape and Reel, 2500
TRF371125IRGZT
Tape and Reel, 500
MIXIoutn
44
45
MIXIoutp
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
ADC Driver
VCCs
PGA
33
BBIoutp
34
BBIoutn
24
VCM
30
LOin
31
LOip
27
BBQoutn
28
BBQoutp
48
CLOCK
GND
DC Offset Control I
0°
MIXinp
6
MIXinn
7
90°
DC Offset Control Q
PGA
ADC Driver
CHIP_EN
3
Power
Down
DC Offset Control
47
LPFADJ Control
46
37
DATA
STROBE
READBACK
Gain_B2
39
40
Gain_B1
41
Gain_B0
17
MIXQoutn
MIXQoutp
16
PGA Control Q
SPI
B0385-01
(1)
2
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI
web site at www.ti.com.
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DEVICE INFORMATION
PIN ASSIGNMENTS
space
NC
READBACK
Gain_B2
Gain_B0
Gain_B1
NC
NC
MIXIoutn
STROBE
MIXIoutp
DATA
CLOCK
RGZ PACKAGE
QFN-48
(TOP VIEW)
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
36
VCCBBI
GNDDIG
1
VCCDIG
2
35
GND
CHIP_EN
3
34
BBIoutn
VCCMIX1
4
33
BBIoutp
GND
5
32
GND
MIXinp
6
31
LOip
TRF371125
MIXinn
7
30
LOin
GND
8
29
VCCLO
VCCMIX2
9
28
BBQoutp
NC
10
27
BBQoutn
NC
11
26
GND
VCCBBQ
VCM
NC
GNDBIAS
VCCBIAS
REXT
NC
NC
MIXQoutn
GND
MIXQoutp
GND
25
12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
GND
GND
PIN FUNCTIONS
PIN
NO.
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
1
GNDDIG
Digital ground
2
VCCDIG
3
CHIP_EN
4
VCCMIX1
5
GND
6
MIXinp
I
Mixer input: positive terminal
7
MIXinn
I
Mixer input: negative terminal
8
GND
Ground
9
VCCMIX2
Mixer power supply
10
NC
No connect
11
NC
No connect
12
GND
Ground
13
GND
Ground
14
GND
Ground
15
GND
Ground
Digital power supply
I
Chip enable
Mixer power supply
Ground
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PIN FUNCTIONS (continued)
PIN
NO.
4
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
16
MIXQoutp
O
Mixer Q output: positive terminal
17
MIXQoutn
O
Mixer Q output: negative terminal
18
NC
19
NC
20
REXT
21
VCCBIAS
Bias block power supply
22
GNDBIAS
Bias block ground
23
NC
24
VCM
25
VCCBBQ
26
GND
27
BBQoutn
O
Baseband Q (in quadrature) output: negative terminal
28
BBQoutp
O
Baseband Q (in quadrature) output: positive terminal
29
VCCLO
30
Loin
I
Local oscillator input: negative terminal
31
Loip
I
Local oscillator input: positive terminal
32
GND
33
BBIoutp
O
Baseband I (in-phase) output: positive terminal
34
BBIoutn
O
Baseband I (in-phase) output: negative terminal
35
GND
Ground
36
VCCBBI
Baseband I (in phase) power supply
37
NC
No connect
38
READBACK
O
SPI readback data
39
Gain_B2
I
PGA fast gain control bit 2
40
Gain_B1
I
PGA fast gain control bit 1
41
Gain_B0
I
PGA fast gain control bit 0
42
NC
43
NC
44
MIXIoutn
O
Mixer I output: negative terminal
45
MIXIoutp
O
Mixer I output: positive terminal
46
STROBE
I
SPI enable
47
DATA
I
SPI data input
48
CLOCK
I
SPI clock input
No connect
No connect
O
Reference bias external resistor
No connect
I
Baseband common-mode input voltage
Baseband Q chain power supply
Ground
Local oscillator power supply
Ground
No connect
No connect
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
VALUE
UNIT
Supply voltage range (2)
–0.3 to 6
V
Digital I/O voltage range
–0.3 to 6
V
Operating free-air temperature range, TA
–40 to 85
°C
Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ
–40 to 150
°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg
–65 to 150
°C
(1)
(2)
Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
VCC
Power supply voltage
MIN
NOM
MAX
4.5
5
5.5
V
940
µVpp
Power supply voltage ripple
UNIT
TA
Operating free-air temperature range
–40
85
°C
TJ
Operating virtual junction temperature range
–40
150
°C
MAX
UNIT
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER (1)
TEST CONDITIONS
Soldered slug, no airflow
RqJA
Thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient
RqJA (2)
RqJB
(1)
(2)
Thermal resistance, junction-to-board
MIN
TYP
26
Soldered slug, 200-LFM airflow
20.1
Soldered slug, 400-LFM airflow
17.4
7-mm × 7-mm 48-pin PDFP
25
7-mm × 7-mm 48-pin PDFP
12
°C/W
°C/W
Determined using JEDEC standard JESD-51 with high-K board
16 layers, high-K board
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETERS
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
DC PARAMETERS
ICC
Total supply current
360
mA
Power-down current
2
mA
IQ DEMODULATOR AND BASEBAND SECTION
fRF
Frequency range
700
Gain range
22
(1)
4000
24
MHz
dB
Gain step
See
1
dB
Pinmax
Max. RF power input
Before damage
25
dBm
OIP3
Output third-order intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (2)
30
dBVrms
3
dBVrms
1 tone
(3)
P1dBmin
Min. output compression point
fmin
Min. baseband low-pass filter cutoff
frequency
1–dB point
fmax
Max. baseband low-pass filter cutoff
frequency
3–dB point (4)
fbypass
Baseband low-pass filter cutoff frequency in
bypass mode
3–dB point (5)
(4)
700
15
8
2 × fC
32
3 × fC
54
4 × fC
75
5 × fC
–40
Output BB attenuator
Vcm
Output, common-mode
Baseband harmonic level
dB
90
Image suppression
Output load impedance
MHz
1
1.5 × fC
Baseband relative attenuation at LPF cutoff
frequency (fC) (6)
MHz
30
1 × fC
Fsel
kHz
dB
3
dB
1
kΩ
Parallel capacitance
20
pF
Measured at I- and Q-channel
baseband outputs
1.5
V
Parallel resistance
Second harmonic
(7)
Third harmonic (7)
–100
dBc
–93
dBc
LOCAL OSCILLATOR PARAMETERS
Local oscillator frequency
700
LO input level
See (8)
LO leakage
At MIXinn/p at 0-dBm LO drive level
–3
0
4000
MHz
6
dBm
–58
dBm
VCC
V
0.8
V
DIGITAL INTERFACE
VIH
High-level input voltage
0.6 × VCC
VIL
Low-level input voltage
0
VOH
High-level output voltage
VOL
Low-level output voltage
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
6
5
0.8 × VCC
V
0.2 × VCC
V
Two consecutive gain settings
Two CW tones at an offset from LO frequency smaller than the baseband-filter cutoff frequency. Performance is set by baseband
circuitry regardless of LO frequency.
Single CW tone at an offset from LO frequency smaller than the baseband-filter cutoff frequency. Performance is set by baseband
circuitry regardless of LO frequency.
Baseband low-pass filter cutoff frequency is programmable through SPI register LPFADJ. LPFADJ = 0 corresponds to max bandwidth;
LPFADJ = 255 corresponds to minimum BW.
Filter Ctrl setting equal to 0
Attenuation relative to passband gain
LO frequency set to 2.4 GHz. Power-in set to –40 dBm. Gain setting at 24. DC offset calibration engaged. Input signal set at 2.5-MHz
offset.
LO power outside of this range is possible but may introduce degraded performance.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C (1) (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
fLO = 700 MHz
Gmax
Maximum gain (2)
Gain setting = 24
50
dB
NF
Noise figure
Gain setting = 24
8.5
dB
(3) (4)
IIP3
Third-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24
14
dBm
IIP2
Second-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (4) (5)
60
dBm
Gmax
Maximum gain (2)
Gain setting = 24
44
dB
NF
Noise figure
Gain setting = 24
11
dB
IIP3
Third-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (3) (4)
22
dBm
IIP2
Second-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (4) (5)
60
dBm
Gmax
Maximum gain (2)
Gain setting = 24
43
dB
NF
Noise figure
Gain setting = 24
12
dB
(3) (4)
23
dBm
60
dBm
fLO = 1740 MHz
fLO = 1950 MHz
IIP3
Third-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24
IIP2
Second-order input intercept point
Gain Setting = 24 (4) (5)
Gmax
Maximum gain (2)
Gain setting = 24
42.5
N3F
Noise figure
Gain setting = 24
12.5
IIP3
Third-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (3) (4)
22
dBm
IIP2
Second-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (4) (5)
60
dBm
Maximum gain (2)
Gain setting = 24
40
dB
Gain setting = 24
13.5
dB
fLO = 2025 MHz
dB
dB
fLO = 2400 MHz
Gmax
NF
Noise figure
Gain setting = 16
15
dB
IIP3
Third-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (3) (4)
24
dBm
IIP2
Second-order input intercept point
Gain setting = 24 (4) (5)
60
dBm
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
For broadband frequency sweeps, the Picosecond balun (model #5310A) is used at the RF and LO input. For frequency band between
2100 MHz and 2700 MHz the Murata balun LDB212G4005C-001 is used. Performance parameters adjusted for balun insertion loss.
Recommended baluns for respective frequency band is shown below:
700 MHz: Murata LDB21897M005C-001 (or equivalent)
1740 MHz: Murata LDB211G8005C-001 (or equivalent)
1950 MHz: Murata LDB211G9005C-001 (or equivalent)
2025 MHz: Murata LDB211G9005C-001 (or equivalent)
2500 MHz: Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (or equivalent)
3500 MHz: Johanson 3600BL14M050E (or equivalent)
Gain defined as voltage gain from Mixin (Vrms) to either baseband output: BBI/Qout (Vrms)
Two CW tones of –30 dBm at fRF1 = fLO ±(2 × fC) and fRF2 = fLO ±[(4 × fC) + 100 kHz] (fC = baseband filter 1-dB cutoff frequency).
Because the 2-tone interferers are outside of the baseband filter bandwidth, the results are inherently independent of the gain setting.
Intermodulation parameters are recorded at maximum gain setting, where measurement accuracy is best.
Two CW tones at –30 dBm at fRF1 = fLO ±2 × fC and fRF2 = fLO ±[(2 × fC) + 100 kHz]; IM2 product measured at 100-kHz output frequency
(fC = baseband filter 1-dB cutoff frequency)
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
t(CLK)
Clock period
50
ns
tsu1
Setup time, data
10
ns
th
Hold time, data
10
ns
tw
Pulse width, STROBE
20
ns
tsu2
Setup time, STROBE
10
ns
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
Table of Graphs
Gain
vs LO frequency
(1) (2)
Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3
Noise figure
vs LO frequency (1) (2)
Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6
IIP3
vs LO frequency (3) (4) (5)
Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9
IIP2
vs LO frequency
(3) (4) (5)
Gain
vs LO frequency
IIP3
vs LO frequency (4) (5)
Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19
IIP2
vs LO frequency (4) (5)
Figure 20, Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 23
Optimized IIP2
vs LO frequency (4) (5) (6)
Optimized IIP3
vs LO frequency (4) (5) (6)
Noise figure
vs LO frequency
OIP3
vs Frequency offset (7)
Noise figure
vs BB gain setting
Figure 33
Gain
vs BB gain setting
Figure 34
Gain
vs Frequency offset
Figure 35, Figure 36
Gain
vs Frequency offset (bypass mode)
Figure 37, Figure 38
1-dB LPF corner frequency
vs LPFADJ setting
Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12
Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15
Figure 24
Figure 25
Figure 26, Figure 27, Figure 28
Figure 29, Figure 30, Figure 31, Figure 32
Figure 39
(8)
Relative LPF group delay
vs Frequency offset
Image rejection
vs BB frequency offset
Figure 40
Figure 41
DC offset limit
vs Temperature (9)
Figure 42
Out-of-band P1dB
vs Relative offset multiplier to corner frequency (10)
Figure 43
(1)
Measured with broadband Picosecond 5310A balun on the LO input and single ended connection on the RF input. Performance gain
adjusted for the 3 dB differential to single-ended insertion loss.
(2) Performance ripple due to impedance mismatch on the RF input.
(3) Measured with broadband Picosecond 5310A balun on the LO input and RF input. Balun insertion loss is compensated for in the
measurement.
(4) Out-of-band intercept point is defined with tones that are at least 2 times farther out than the programmed LPF corner frequency that
generate an intermodulation tone that falls inside the LPF passband.
(5) Out-of-band intercept point is dependent on the demodulator performance and not the baseband circuitry; the measurement is taken at
max gain but is valid across all PGA settings.
(6) Optimized intercept point within the band 2.5 to 2.7 GHz is achieved by setting trim values Mix GM trim, Mix LO Trim, LO Trim, Mix Buff
Trim, Filter trim, Out Buff Trim to: 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 1 respectively.
(7) Measured with filter in bypass mode to characterize the passband circuitry across baseband frequencies.
(8) Relative to the low frequency offset group delay in bypass mode.
(9) Idet set to 50 µA; RF signal is off; LO at 2.4 GHz at 0 dBm; Det filter set to 1 kHz; Clk Div set to 1024.
(10) In-band tone set to 1 MHz; out-of-band jammer tone set to specified relative offset ratio from the programmed corner frequency. Jammer
tone is increased until in-band tone compresses 1 dB.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
52
52
T A = −40°C
T A = −10°C
T A = 25°C
T A = 85°C
50
48
48
46
Gain (dB)
46
Gain (dB)
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
50
44
42
44
42
40
40
38
38
36
36
See Notes 1 and 2
34
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
3500
See Notes 1 and 2
34
500
1000
1500
4000
G001
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
Figure 1.
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
G002
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
22
LO Pwr = −3dBm
LO Pwr = 0dBm
LO Pwr = 3dBm
LO Pwr = 6dBm
50
20
18
Noise Figure (dB)
48
46
Gain (dB)
4000
Figure 2.
52
44
42
40
T A = −40°C
T A = −10°C
T A = 25°C
T A = 85°C
16
14
12
10
38
8
36
See Notes 1 and 2
34
500
1000
1500
See Notes 1 and 2
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
3500
6
500
4000
1000
1500
G003
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
Figure 3.
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
20
4000
G004
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
22
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5 V
VCC = 5.5V
20
18
Noise Figure (dB)
18
16
14
12
10
LO Pwr = −3dBm
LO Pwr = 0dBm
LO Pwr = 3dBm
LO Pwr = 6dBm
16
14
12
10
8
8
See Notes 1 and 2
6
500
3500
Figure 4.
22
Noise Figure (dB)
3500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
3500
See Notes 1 and 2
4000
6
500
1000
G005
Figure 5.
1500
2000
2500
3000
LO Frequency (MHz)
3500
4000
G006
Figure 6.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
36
34
32
30
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
IIP3 (dBm)
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
36
34
32
30
IIP3 (dBm)
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
500
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G007
Figure 7.
10
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
12
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G008
Figure 8.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
LO Pwr = −3dB
LO Pwr = 0dB
LO Pwr = 3dB
LO Pwr = 6dB
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
12
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G009
Figure 9.
12
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
30
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
100
90
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
30
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G010
Figure 10.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
30
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
100
90
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
30
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G011
Figure 11.
14
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
LO Pwr = −3dB
LO Pwr = 0dB
LO Pwr = 3dB
LO Pwr = 6dB
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
30
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
2500
2500
3000
3000
3500
350
4000
400
Q
100
90
IIP2 (dBm)
80
70
60
50
40
See Notes 3, 4 and 5
30
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
3000
3500
4000
G012
Figure 12.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
44
44
T A = −40°C
T A = −10°C
T A = 25°C
T A = 85°C
43
42
41
Gain (dB)
Gain (dB)
42
40
39
41
40
39
38
38
37
37
36
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
2600
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
43
2700
36
2100
2200
G013
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
Figure 13.
2600
2700
G014
Figure 14.
GAIN vs LO FREQUENCY
44
LO Pwr = −3dBm
LO Pwr = 0dBm
LO Pwr = 3dBm
LO Pwr = 6dBm
43
Gain (dB)
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
2600
2700
G015
Figure 15.
16
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
See Notes 4 and 5
10
2100
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
G016
Figure 16.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
See Notes 4 and 5
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
G017
Figure 17.
18
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
LO Pwr = −3dB
LO Pwr = 0dB
LO Pwr = 3dB
LO Pwr = 6dB
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
See Notes 4 and 5
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
G018
Figure 18.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
32
30
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 24
LPFADJ = 82
LPFADJ = 142
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
34
32
30
28
IIP3 (dBm)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
2100
See Notes 4 and 5
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
G019
Figure 19.
20
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
90
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
20
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
See Notes 4 and 5
20
2100
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
100
90
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
G020
Figure 20.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
20
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
100
90
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
See Notes 4 and 5
20
2100
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
G021
Figure 21.
22
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
LO Pwr = −3dB
LO Pwr = 0dB
LO Pwr = 3dB
LO Pwr = 6dB
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
20
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
See Notes 4 and 5
20
2100
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
100
90
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
G022
Figure 22.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
100
90
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 24
LPFADJ = 82
LPFADJ = 142
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
20
2100
210
2200
220
2300
230
2400
240
Q
2500
250
2600
260
2700
270
100
90
80
IIP2 (dBm)
70
60
50
40
30
See Notes 4 and 5
20
2100
2200
2300
2400
LO Frequency (MHz)
2500
2600
2700
G023
Figure 23.
24
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
OPTIMIZED IIP2 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
90
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
85
80
Optimized IIP2 (dBm)
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
2500
250
2525
2520
2550
2550
2575
2575
2550
2575
2600
2600
Q
2625
2625
2650
2650
2675
2675
2700
270
2600
2625
LO Frequency (MHz)
2650
2675
2700
90
85
80
Optimized IIP2 (dBm)
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
See Notes 4, 5 and 6
30
2500
2525
G024
Figure 24.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
OPTIMIZED IIP3 vs LO FREQUENCY
W
I
34
TA = −40°C
TA = −10°C
TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
32
30
Optimized IIP3 (dBm)
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
2500
250
2525
2520
2550
2550
2575
2575
2550
2575
2600
2600
Q
2625
2625
2650
2650
2675
2675
2700
270
2600
2625
LO Frequency (MHz)
2650
2675
2700
34
32
30
Optimized IIP3 (dBm)
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
See Notes 4, 5 and 6
12
2500
2525
G025
Figure 25.
26
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
20
20
T A = −40°C
T A = −10°C
T A = 25°C
T A = 85°C
19
18
17
Noise Figure (dB)
Noise Figure (dB)
18
16
15
14
13
17
16
15
14
13
12
12
11
11
10
2100
2200
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5 V
VCC = 5.5V
19
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
2600
10
2100
2700
2200
G026
Figure 26.
NOISE FIGURE vs LO FREQUENCY
2700
G027
OIP3 vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
52
LO Pwr = −3dBm
LO Pwr = 0dBm
LO Pwr = 3dBm
LO Pwr = 6dBm
19
18
48
17
16
15
14
46
44
42
40
13
38
12
36
11
34
10
2100
32
2200
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
T A = −40°C
T A = 25°C
T A = 85°C
50
OIP3 (dBVrms)
Noise Figure (dB)
2600
Figure 27.
20
2600
2700
See Note 7
0
5
G028
Figure 28.
10
15
Frequency Offset (MHz)
20
25
G029
Figure 29.
OIP3 vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
OIP3 vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
50
52
VCC = 4.5V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 5.5V
50
48
BB Gain = 12dB
BB Gain = 16dB
BB Gain = 20dB
BB Gain = 24dB
48
46
46
OIP3 (dBVrms)
OIP3 (dBVrms)
2300
2400
2500
LO Frequency (MHz)
44
42
40
38
44
42
40
38
36
36
34
34
See Note 7
See Note 7
32
32
0
5
10
15
Frequency Offset (MHz)
20
25
0
G030
Figure 30.
5
10
15
Frequency Offset (MHz)
20
25
G031
Figure 31.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
OIP3 vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
NOISE FIGURE vs BB GAIN SETTING
50
28
3dB Attn On
3dB Attn Off
48
3dB Attn On
3dB Attn Off
25
Noise Figure (dB)
OIP3 (dBVrms)
46
44
42
40
38
36
22
19
16
34
See Note 7
32
13
0
5
10
15
Frequency Offset (MHz)
20
0
25
2
4
6
8
G032
Figure 32.
GAIN vs BB GAIN SETTING
22
24
G033
GAIN vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
3dB Attn On
3dB Attn Off
0
37
34
-20
31
Gain (dB)
Gain (dB)
20
20
40
28
25
-40
-60
22
19
-80
16
13
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16
BB Gain Setting
18
20
22
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 25
LPFADJ = 85
LPFADJ = 142
-100
0.1
24
1
10
Frequency Offset (MHz)
G034
Figure 34.
GAIN vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
4
3
G035
GAIN vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
20
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 25
LPFADJ = 85
LPFADJ = 142
0
2
-20
Gain (dB)
1
0
-1
-40
-60
-2
-3
-80
-4
-5
0.1
100
Figure 35.
5
Gain (dB)
18
Figure 33.
43
1
10
Frequency Offset (MHz)
100
Filter Ctrl 0
Filter Ctrl 1
Filter Ctrl 2
Filter Ctrl 3
-100
0.1
G036
Figure 36.
28
10 12 14 16
BB Gain Setting
1
10
100
Frequency Offset (MHz)
1000
G037
Figure 37. Bypass Mode
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, LO power = 0 dBm, TA = 25°C, balun = Murata LDB212G4005C-001 (unless otherwise noted)
GAIN vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
1-dB LPF CORNER FREQUENCY vs LPFADJ SETTING
16
5
3
1-dB LPF Corner Frequency (MHz)
Filter Ctrl 0
Filter Ctrl 1
Filter Ctrl 2
Filter Ctrl 3
4
Gain (dB)
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
0.1
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10
Frequency Offset (MHz)
100
0
50
100
150
LPFADJ Setting
G038
Figure 38. Bypass Mode
RELATIVE LPF GROUP DELAY vs FREQUENCY OFFSET
G039
IMAGE REJECTION vs BB FREQUENCY OFFSET
0
See Note 8
Bypass
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 25
LPFADJ = 85
LPFADJ = 142
400
300
-10
Image Rejection (dB)
Relative LPF Group Delay (ns)
250
Figure 39.
500
200
100
0
-20
-30
-40
-50
-100
0.1
1
10
Frequency Offset (MHz)
-60
-25
100
-20
G040
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
BB Frequency Offset (MHz)
Figure 40.
15
20
25
G041
Figure 41.
OUT-OF-BAND P1dB vs
REL OFFSET MULTIPLIER to CORNER FREQUENCY
DC OFFSET LIMIT vs TEMPERATURE
60
See Note 9
15
40
LPFADJ = 0
LPFADJ = 25
LPFADJ = 85
LPFADJ = 142
10
Out-of-Band P1dB (dBm)
DC Offset Limit (mV)
200
20
0
-20
-40
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-60
-45 -35 -25 -15 -5
See Note 10
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
Temperature (°C)
G042
-25
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Relative Offset Multiplier to Corner Frequency
Figure 42.
4.5
G043
Figure 43.
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SERIAL INTERFACE PROGRAMMING REGISTERS DEFINITION
The TRF371125 features a three-wire serial programming interface (SPI) that controls an internal 32-bit shift
register. There are three signals that must be applied: CLOCK (pin 48), serial DATA (pin 47), and STROBE (pin
46). DATA (DB0–DB31) is loaded LSB-first and is read on the rising edge of CLOCK. STROBE is asynchronous
to CLOCK, and at its rising edge the data in the shift register is loaded into the selected internal register. The first
two bits (DB0–DB1) are the address to select the available internal registers.
READBACK Mode
The TRF371125 implements the capability to read back the content of the serial programming interface registers.
In addition, it is possible to read back the status of the internal DAC registers that are automatically set after an
auto dc-offset calibration. Each readback is composed by two phases: writing followed by the actual reading of
the internal data (see timing diagram in Figure 44).
During the writing phase, a command is sent to the TRF371125 to set it in readback mode and to specify which
register is to be read. In the proper reading phase, at each rising clock edge, the internal data is transferred into
the READBACK pin and can be read at the following falling edge (LSB first). The first clock after LE goes high
(end of writing cycle) is idle, and the following 32 clock pulses transfer the internal register content to the
READBACK pin.
tsu1
t(CL)
t(CLK)
th
t(CH)
st
Register Write
CLOCK
DATA
nd
1
Write
CLOCK
Pulse
32
Write
CLOCK
Pulse
DB0 (LSB)
Address Bit 0
DB1
Address Bit 1
DB3
Address Bit 3
DB2
Address Bit 2
DB30
DB29
READBACK DATA READBACK DATA
Bit 30
Bit 29
DB31 (MSB)
READBACK DATA
Bit 31
tsu2
"End of Write
Cycle"Pulse
Latch
Enable
nd
CLOCK
32
Write
CLOCK
Pulse
tsu2
READBACK
tw
st
1
Read
CLOCK
Pulse
nd
nd
2
Read
CLOCK
Pulse
rd
32
Read
CLOCK
Pulse
33
Read
CLOCK
Pulse
tw
td
STROBE
"End of Write
Cycle" Pulse
READBACK
Data Bit 0
READBACK
DATA
READ
BACK
Data
Bit 1
READ
BACK
Data
Bit 29
READBACK
Data Bit 30
READBACK
Data Bit 31
T0265-02
Figure 44. Serial Programming Timing Diagram
30
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Table 1. Register Summary (1)
Bit #
Reg 1
Reg 2
Bit #
Register address
Register address
Bit0
Reg 5
Register address
Register address
Bit0
Bit1
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
SPI bank addr
SPI bank addr
Bit5
PWD RF
En auto-cal
Bit6
NU
Bit6
Bit7
PWD buf
Bit7
Bit8
P
Bit8
Bit9
NU
Bit9
Bit10
PWD DC OFF DIG
Bit11
NU
Bit4
Bit4
Bit13
Bit13
BB gain
Bit14
Bit15
Bit15
Bit16
Bit16
Bit17
QDAC for dc offset
Bit18
Bit19
Bit21
Bit22
IDet
Bit23
Bit24
Bit25
Mix GM trim
ILoadA
Mix LO trim
LO trim
Cal sel
Bit26
DC detector
bandwidth
Bit27
Fast gain
Bit28
Gain sel
Bit29
Osc test
Bit30
NU
Bit31
En 3dB attn
ILoadB
Fltr trim
Out buf trim
Cal clk sel
Bit5
Bit6
Bit10
Bit11
Bit13
Bit14
Bit15
Bit16
Bit21
Bit22
Bit22
Bit23
Bit23
Bit25
QLoadB
Bit26
Bit27
Bit28
Bit28
Bit30
Bit31
DC offset Q DAC
Bit24
Bit27
Bit29
NU
Bit12
Bit20
NU
ID
Bit9
Bit19
QLoadA
SPI bank addr
Bit8
Bit21
Bit26
Register address
Bit7
Bit18
Bit24
CLK div ratio
Bit4
Bit17
Bit25
Osc trim
Mix buf trim
Bit3
Bit18
Bit20
LPFADJ
Bit1
Bit17
Bit19
Bit20
SPI bank addr
Bit11
Bit12
Bit14
SPI bank addr
Bit10
Bit12
Reg 0
Bit2
Bit5
IDAC for dc offset
Bit #
Bit0
Bit2
Bit3
(1)
Reg 3
Bypass
DC offset I DAC
Bit29
Bit30
Fltr ctrl
Bit31
Register 4 is not used.
Table 2. Register 1 Device Setup
REGISTER 1
NAME
RESET VALUE
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Bit0
ADDR<0>
1
Bit1
ADDR<1>
0
Bit2
ADDR<2>
0
Bit3
ADDR<3>
1
Bit4
ADDR<4>
0
Bit5
PWD_MIX
0
Mixer power down (Off = 1)
Bit6
NU
0
Not used
Bit7
PWD_BUF
1
Mixer out test buffer power down (Off = 1)
Bit8
PWD_FILT
0
Baseband filter power down (Off = 1)
Bit9
NU
0
Not used
Bit10
PWD_DC_OFF_DIG
1
DC offset calibration power down (Off = 1)
Register address
SPI bank address
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Table 2. Register 1 Device Setup (continued)
REGISTER 1
NAME
RESET VALUE
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Bit11
NU
1
Bit12
BBGAIN_0
1
Bit13
BBGAIN_1
1
Bit14
BBGAIN_2
1
Bit15
BBGAIN_3
1
Bit16
BBGAIN_4
0
Bit17
LPFADJ_0
0
Bit18
LPFADJ_1
0
Bit19
LPFADJ_2
0
Bit20
LPFADJ_3
0
Bit21
LPFADJ_4
0
Bit22
LPFADJ_5
0
Bit23
LPFADJ_6
0
Bit24
LPFADJ_7
1
Bit25
EN_FLT_B0
0
Bit26
EN_FLT_B1
0
Selects dc offset detector filter bandwidth.
Setting {00, 01, 11} = {10 MHz, 10 kHz, 1 kHz}
Bit27
EN_FASTGAIN
0
Enable external fast-gain control
Bit28
GAIN_SEL
0
Fast-gain control multiplier bit (×2 = 1)
Bit29
OSC_TEST
0
Enables osc out on readback pin if = 1
Bit30
NU
0
Not used
Bit31
EN 3dB Attn
0
Enables output 3-dB attenuator
Not used
Baseband gain setting. Default = 15. Range is from 0 (minimum gain
setting) to 24 (maximum gain setting). See the Application Information
section for more information on gain setting and fast gain control
options.
Sets programmable low-pass filter corner frequency. Range = 255
(lowest corner frequency) to 0 (highest corner frequency). Default value
is 128.
EN_FLT_B0/1: These bits control the bandwidth of the detector used to measure the dc offset during the
automatic calibration. There is an RC filter in front of the detector that can be fully bypassed. EN_FLT_B0
controls the resistor (bypass = 1), while EN_FLT_B1 controls the capacitor (bypass = 1). The typical 3-dB cutoff
frequencies of the detector bandwidth are summarized in the following table (see the Application Information
section for more detail on the dc offset calibration and the detector bandwidth).
EN_FLT_B1
EN_FLT_B0
TYPICAL 3-dB CUTOFF FREQ
x
0
10 MHz
NOTES
Maximum bandwidth, bypass R, C
0
1
10 kHz
Enable R
1
1
1 kHz
Minimum bandwidth, enable R, C
Table 3. Register 2 Device Setup
32
REGISTER 2
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit0
ADDR<0>
0
Bit1
ADDR<1>
1
Bit2
ADDR<2>
0
Bit3
ADDR<3>
1
Bit4
ADDR<4>
0
Bit5
EN_AUTOCAL
0
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Register address
SPI bank address
Enable autocal when = 1; reset to 0 when done.
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Table 3. Register 2 Device Setup (continued)
REGISTER 2
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit6
IDAC_BIT0
0
Bit7
IDAC_BIT1
0
Bit8
IDAC_BIT2
0
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Bit9
IDAC_BIT3
0
Bit10
IDAC_BIT4
0
Bit11
IDAC_BIT5
0
Bit12
IDAC_BIT6
0
Bit13
IDAC_BIT7
1
Bit14
QDAC_BIT0
0
Bit15
QDAC_BIT1
0
Bit16
QDAC_BIT2
0
Bit17
QDAC_BIT3
0
Bit18
QDAC_BIT4
0
Bit19
QDAC_BIT5
0
Bit20
QDAC_BIT6
0
Bit21
QDAC_BIT7
1
Bit22
IDET_B0
1
Bit23
IDET_B1
1
Set reference current for digital calibration; Settings {00 to 11}
= {50 µA to 200 µA}. Setting 00 = highest resolution.
Bit24
CAL_SEL
1
DC offset calibration select. 0 = manual cal; 1 = autocal.
Bit25
Clk_div_ratio<0>
0
Bit26
Clk_div_ratio<1>
0
Bit27
Clk_div_ratio<2>
0
Bit28
Cal_clk_sel
1
Bit29
Osc_trim<0>
1
Bit30
Osc_trim<1>
1
Bit31
Osc_trim<2>
0
I-DAC bits to be set during manual dc offset cal
Q-DAC bits to be set during manual dc offset cal
Clk divider ratio. Setting {000 to 111} = {1, 8, 16, 128, 256, 1024, 2048,
16684}. A higher div ratio (slower clk) improves cal accuracy and
reduces speed.
Select internal oscillator when 1, SPI clk when 0
Internal oscillator frequency trimming; Setting {000} = ~300 kHz;
Setting {111} = ~1.8 MHz. Nominal setting {110} = ~900 kHz.
Table 4. Register 3 Device Setup
REGISTER 3
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit0
ADDR<0>
1
Bit1
ADDR<1>
1
Bit2
ADDR<2>
0
Bit3
ADDR<3>
1
Bit4
ADDR<4>
0
Bit5
ILOAD_a<0>
0
Bit6
ILOAD_a<1>
0
Bit7
ILOAD_a<2>
0
Bit8
ILOAD_a<3>
0
Bit9
ILOAD_a<4>
0
Bit10
ILOAD_a<5>
0
Bit11
ILOAD_b<0>
0
Bit12
ILOAD_b<1>
0
Bit13
ILOAD_b<2>
0
Bit14
ILOAD_b<3>
0
Bit15
ILOAD_b<4>
0
Bit16
ILOAD_b<5>
0
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Register address
SPI bank address
I mixer offset side A
I mixer offset side B
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Table 4. Register 3 Device Setup (continued)
REGISTER 3
NAME
RESET VALUE
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Bit17
QLOAD_a<0>
0
Bit18
QLOAD_a<1>
0
Bit19
QLOAD_a<2>
0
Bit20
QLOAD_a<3>
0
Bit21
QLOAD_a<4>
0
Bit22
QLOAD_a<5>
0
Bit23
QLOAD_b<0>
0
Bit24
QLOAD_b<1>
0
Bit25
QLOAD_b<2>
0
Bit26
QLOAD_b<3>
0
Bit27
QLOAD_b<4>
0
Bit28
QLOAD_b<5>
0
Bit29
Bypass
0
Engage filter bypass
Bit30
Fltr Ctrl_b<0>
1
Bit31
Fltr Ctrl_b<1>
0
Used to adjust for filter peaking response; set to 0 in bypass mode, 1
otherwise
Q mixer offset side A
Q mixer offset side B
I/Q Mixer Load A/B: these bits adjust the load on the mixer output. All values should be 0. No modification is
necessary.
Register 4: No programming required for Register 4
Table 5. Register 5 Device Setup
34
REGISTER 5
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit0
ADDR<0>
1
Bit1
ADDR<1>
0
Bit2
ADDR<2>
1
Bit3
ADDR<3>
1
Bit4
ADDR<4>
0
Bit5
MIX_GM_TRIM<0>
1
Bit6
MIX_GM_TRIM<1>
0
Bit7
MIX_LO_TRIM<0>
1
Bit8
MIX_LO_TRIM<1>
0
Bit9
LO_TRIM<0>
1
Bit10
LO_TRIM<1>
0
Bit11
MIX_BUFF_TRIM<0>
1
Bit12
MIX_BUFF_TRIM<1>
0
Bit13
FLTR_TRIM<0>
1
Bit14
FLTR_TRIM<1>
0
Bit15
OUT_BUFF_TRIM<0>
1
Bit16
OUT_BUFF_TRIM<1>
0
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Register address
SPI bank address
Mixer gm current trim
Mixer switch core VCM trim
LO buffers current trim
Mixer output buffer current trim
Filter current trim
Filter output buffer current trim
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Table 5. Register 5 Device Setup (continued)
REGISTER 5
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit17
0
Bit18
0
Bit19
0
Bit20
0
Bit21
0
Bit22
0
Bit23
WORKING DESCRIPTION
0
Bit24
NU
0
Bit25
0
Bit26
0
Bit27
0
Bit28
0
Bit29
0
Bit30
0
Bit31
0
Not used
Trims: the trim values allow for minor bias adjustments of internal stages. Generally it is recommended to leave
all trim values at the default value of 1. Linearity performance improvement over a small band of frequencies is
possible by selective adjustment of the trim values. Optimized intercept point within the band 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz
is achieved by setting trim values Mix GM trim, Mix LO Trim, LO Trim, Mix Buff Trim, Filter Trim, Out Buff Trim to:
2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 1, respectively.
Readback (Write Command)
0
0
0
1
0
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Zero Fill
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
Bit8
Bit9
Bit10
Bit11
Bit12
Zero fill
Bit16
Bit17
Bit18
Bit19
Bit20
Bit21
Bit13
Bit14
Register address
Bit22
Bit23
Bit24
Bit25
Bit26
Bit27
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
Bit8
Bit9
Bit10
Bit11
Bit21
Bit22
Bit23
Bit24
Bit25
Bit26
Bit15
1
Bit28
Bit29
Bit30
Bit31
Bit12
Bit13
Bit14
Bit15
Bit29
Bit30
Bit31
Reg 0:DAC/Device ID Readback
Register Address
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit16
Bit17
Bit18
SPI Bank Addr
Bit3
ID
Bit4
NU
DC offset Q DAC
Bit19
DC offset I DAC
Bit20
Bit27
Bit28
Table 6. Register 0 Device Setup (Read-Only)
READBACK REGISTER
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit0
ADDR<0>
0
Bit1
ADDR<1>
0
Bit2
ADDR<2>
0
Bit3
ADDR<3>
1
Bit4
ADDR<4>
0
Bit5
ID<0>
1
Bit6
ID<1>
0
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Select SPI reg 1 to 5
Select SPI bank 1 to 3
Version ID: 01 = –25
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Table 6. Register 0 Device Setup (Read-Only) (continued)
READBACK REGISTER
NAME
RESET VALUE
Bit7
0
Bit8
0
Bit9
0
Bit10
0
Bit11
NU
0
Bit12
0
Bit13
0
Bit14
0
Bit15
36
WORKING DESCRIPTION
Not used
0
Bit16
DC_OFFSET_Q<0>
0
Bit17
DC_OFFSET_Q<1>
0
Bit18
DC_OFFSET_Q<2>
0
Bit19
DC_OFFSET_Q<3>
0
Bit20
DC_OFFSET_Q<4>
0
Bit21
DC_OFFSET_Q<5>
0
Bit22
DC_OFFSET_Q<6>
0
Bit23
DC_OFFSET_Q<7>
1
Bit24
DC_OFFSET_I<0>
0
Bit25
DC_OFFSET_I<1>
0
Bit26
DC_OFFSET_I<2>
0
Bit27
DC_OFFSET_I<3>
0
Bit28
DC_OFFSET_I<4>
0
Bit29
DC_OFFSET_I<5>
0
Bit30
DC_OFFSET_I<6>
0
Bit31
DC_OFFSET_I<7>
1
DC offset DAC Q register
DC offset DAC I register
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
Gain Control
The TRF371125 integrates a baseband programmable-gain amplifier (PGA) that provides 24 dB of gain range
with 1-dB steps. The PGA gain is controlled through SPI by a 5-bit word (register 1 bits<12,16>). Alternatively,
the PGA can be programmed by a combination of 5 bits programmed through the SPI and 3 parallel external bits
(pins Gain_B2, Gain_B1, Gain_B0). The external bits are used to reduce the PGA setting quickly without having
to reprogram the SPI registers. The fast gain control multiplier bit (register 1, bit 28) sets the step size of each bit
to either 1 dB or 2 dB. This allows a fast gain reduction of 0 dB to 7 dB in 1-dB steps or 0 dB to 14 dB in 2-dB
steps.
The PGA gain control word (BBgain<0,4>) can be programmed to a setting between 0 and 24. This word is the
SPI programmed gain (register 1 bits<12,16>) minus the parallel external 3 bits as shown in Figure 45. Note that
the PGA gain setting rails at 0 and does not go any lower. Typical applications set the nominal PGA gain setting
to 17 and use the fast-gain control bits to protect the analog-to-digital converter in the event of a strong input
jammer signal.
Composite
PGA Setting
(min: 0, max 24)
+
SPI
X
(x1, x2)
Gain_B0
Gain_B1
Gain_B2
Fast Gain Select
B0386-01
Figure 45. PGA Gain Control Word
For example, if a PGA gain setting of 19 is desired, then the SPI can be programmed directly to a value of 19.
Alternatively, the SPI gain register can be programmed to 24 and the parallel external bits set to 101 (binary)
corresponding to 5-dB reduction.
Automated DC Offset Calibration
The TRF371125 provides an automatic calibration procedure for adjusting the dc offset in the baseband I/Q
paths. The internal calibration requires a clock in order to function. The TRF371125 can use the internal
relaxation oscillator or the external SPI clock. Using the internal oscillator is the preferred method, which is
selected by setting the Cal_Sel_Clk (register 2, bit 28) to 1. The internal oscillator frequency is set through the
Osc_Trim bits (register 2, bits <29,31>). The frequency of the oscillator is detailed in Table 7; however, it is
expected the actual frequency of operation can vary plus or minus 35% due to process variations. The oscillator
frequency can be monitored on the READBACK pin when the Osc_Test register (Register 1, bit 29) is set to 1.
Table 7. Internal Oscillator Frequency Control
Osc_Trim<2>
Osc_Trim<1>
Osc_Trim<0>
FREQUENCY
0
0
0
300 kHz
0
0
1
500 kHz
0
1
0
700 kHz
0
1
1
900 kHz
1
0
0
1.1 MHz
1
0
1
1.3 MHz
1
1
0
1.5 MHz
1
1
1
1.8 MHz
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The default setting of these registers corresponds to a 900-kHz oscillator frequency. This is sufficient for
autocalibration; modification is not required except for faster calibration convergence.
The output full-scale range of the internal dc offset correction DACs is programmable (IDET_B<0,1, register 2
bit<22,23>). The range is shown in Table 8.
Table 8. DC Offset Correction DAC Programmable Range
I(Q) Det_B0
I(Q) Det_B1
Full Scale
0
0
50 µA
0
1
100 µA
1
0
150 µA
1
1
200 µA
The I- and Q-channel output maximum dc offset correction range can be calculating by multiplying the values in
the table by the baseband PGA gain. The LSB of the digital correction is dependent on the programmed
maximum correction range. For optimum resolution and best correction, the dc offset DAC range should be set to
50 µA with the PGA gain set for the nominal condition. The dc offset correction DAC output is affected by a
change in the PGA gain, but if the initial calibration yields optimum results, then the adjustment of the PGA gain
during normal operation does not significantly impair the dc offset balance. For example, if the optimized
calibration yields a dc offset balance of 2 mV at a gain setting of 17, then the dc offset maintains less than 10 mV
balance as the gain is adjusted ±7 dB.
The dc offset correction DACs are programmed from the internal registers when the AUTO_CAL bit (register 2,
bit 24) is set to 1. At start-up, the internal registers are loaded at half scale corresponding to a decimal value of
128. The auto-cal is initiated by toggling the EN_AUTOCAL bit (register 2, bit 5) to 1. When the calibration is
over, this bit is automatically reset to 0. During calibration, the RF local oscillator must be applied. The dc offset
DAC state is stored in the internal registers and maintained as long as the power supply is kept on or until a new
calibration is started.
The required clock speed for the optimum calibration is determined by the internal detector behavior (integration
bandwidth, gain, sensitivity). The input bandwidth of the detector can be adjusted by changing the cutoff
frequency of the RC low-pass filter in front of the detector (register 1, bits 25–26). EN_FLT_B0 controls the
resistor (bypass = 1) and EN_FLT_B1 controls the capacitor (bypass = 1). The typical 3-dB cutoff frequencies of
the detector bandwidth are summarized in Table 9. The speed of the clock can be slowed down by selecting a
clock divider ratio (register 2, bits 25–27).
Table 9. Detector Bandwidth Settings
EN_FLT_B1
EN_FLT_B0
TYPICAL 3-dB CUTOFF FREQUENCY
NOTES
X
0
10 MHz
Maximum bandwidth, bypass R, C
0
1
10 kHz
Enable R
1
1
1 kHz
Minimum bandwidth, enable R, C
The detector has more averaging time with a slower clock; hence, it is desirable to slow down the clock speed for
a given condition to achieve optimum results. For example, if there is no RF present on the RF input port, the
detection filter can be left wide (10 MHz) and the clock divider can be left at div-by-128. The autocalibration
yields a dc offset balance between the differential baseband output ports (I and Q) that is less than 15 mV. Some
minor improvement may be obtained by increasing the averaging of the detector by increasing the clock divider
up to 256 or 1024.
On the other hand, if there is a modulated RF signal present at the input port, it is desirable to reduce the
detector bandwidth to filter out most of the modulated signal. The detector bandwidth can be set to a 1-kHz
corner frequency. With the modulated signal present and with the detection bandwidth reduced, additional
averaging is required to get the optimum results. A clock divider setting of 1024 will yield optimum results.
Of course, an increase in the averaging is possible by increasing the clock divider at the expense of longer
converging time. The convergence time can be calculated by the following:
(Auto_Cal_Clk_Cycles) ´ (Clk_Divider)
tc =
Osc_Freq
(1)
38
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The dc offset calibration converges in approximately nine cycles. For the case with a clock divider of 1024 and
with the nominal oscillator frequency of 900 kHz, the convergence time is:
(9) ´ (1024)
tc =
= 10.24 ms
900 kHz
(2)
Alternate Method for Adjusting DC Offset
The internal registers controlling the internal dc current DAC are accessible through the SPI, providing a
user-programmable method for implementing the dc offset calibration. To employ this option the CAL_SEL bit
must be set to 0. During this calibration, an external instrument monitors the output dc offset between the I/Q
differential outputs and programs the internal registers (IDAC_BIT<0,7> and QDAC_BIT<0,7> bits) to cancel the
dc offset.
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PCB Layout Guidelines
The TRF371125 device is fitted with a ground slug on the back of the package that must be soldered to the PCB
ground with adequate ground vias to ensure a good thermal and electrical connection. The recommended via
pattern and ground pad dimensions are shown in Figure 46. The recommended via diameter is 8 mils (0.2 mm).
The ground pins of the device can be directly tied to the ground slug pad for a low-inductance path to ground.
Additional ground vias may be added if space allows. The no-connect (NC) pins can also be tied to the ground
plane.
Decoupling capacitors at each of the supply pins is recommended. The high-frequency decoupling capacitors for
the RF mixers (VCCMIX) should be placed close to their respective pins. The value of the capacitor should be
chosen to provide a low-impedance RF path to ground at the frequency of operation. Typically, this value is
around 10 pF or lower. The other decoupling capacitors at the other supply pins should be kept as close to their
respective pins as possible.
The device exhibits symmetry with respect to the quadrature output paths. It is recommended that the PCB
layout maintain that symmetry in order to ensure the quadrature balance of the device is not impaired. The I/Q
output traces should be routed as differential pairs and their lengths all kept equal to each other. Decoupling
capacitors for the supply pins should be kept symmetrical where possible. The RF differential input lines related
to the RF input and the LO input should also be routed as differential lines with their respective lengths kept
equal. If an RF balun is used to convert a single-ended input to a differential input, then the RF balun should be
placed close to the device. Implement the RF balun layout per the manufacturer’s guidelines to provide best gain
and phase balance to the differential outputs. On the RF traces, maintain proper trace widths to keep the
characteristic impedance of the RF traces at a nominal 50 Ω.
0.200 (5.08)
0.025 (0.635)
Ø0.008 (0.203)
0.025 (0.635)
0.0125 (0.318)
0.200 (5.08)
Note: Dimensions are in inches (mm)
M0177-01
Figure 46. PCB Layout Guidelines
40
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TRF371125
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
Application Schematic
The typical application schematic is shown in Figure 47. The RF bypass capacitors and coupling capacitors on
the supply pins should be adjusted to provide the best high-frequency bypass based on the frequency of
operation.
To Microcontroller
RFin
READBACK
NC
Gain_B2
Gain_B1
Gain_B0
NC
NC
MIXIoutn
STROBE
MIXIoutp
DATA
CLOCK
To Microcontroller
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
36
GNDDIG
1
VCCDIG
2
35
GND
CHIP_EN
3
34
BBIoutn
VCCMIX1
4
33
BBIoutp
GND
5
32
GND
MIXinp
6
31
LOip
VCCBBI
To ADC I
LOin
TRF371125
MIXinn
7
30
LOin
GND
8
29
VCCLO
VCCMIX2
9
28
BBQoutp
NC
10
27
BBQoutn
NC
11
26
GND
To ADC Q
VCCBBQ
NC
VCM
GNDBIAS
VCCBIAS
REXT
NC
NC
MIXQoutn
GND
MIXQoutp
GND
GND
25
12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
GND
30 kW
Figure 47. TRF371125 Application Schematic
The RF input port and the RF LO port require differential input paths. Single-ended RF inputs to these ports can
be converted with an RF balun that is centered at the band of interest. Linearity performance of the TRF371125
is dependent on the amplitude and phase balance of the RF balun; hence, care should be taken with the
selection of the balun device and with the RF layout of the device. The recommended RF balun devices are
listed in Table 10.
Table 10. RF Balun Devices
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
FREQUENCY RANGE
UNBALANCE IMPEDANCE
BALANCE IMPEDANCE
Murata
LDB21897M005C-001
897 MHz ±100 MHz
50 Ω
50 Ω
Murata
LDB211G8005C-001
1800 MHz ±100 MHz
50 Ω
50 Ω
Murata
LDB211G9005C-001
1900 MHz ±100 MHz
50 Ω
50 Ω
Murata
LDB212G4005C-001
2.3 GHz to 2.7 GHz
50 Ω
50 Ω
Johanson
3600BL14M050E
3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz
50 Ω
50 Ω
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TRF371125
SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
www.ti.com
Application for a High-Performance RF Receiver Signal Chain
The TRF371125 is the centerpiece component in a high performance direct downconversion receiver. The device
is a highly integrated direct downconversion demodulator that requires minimal additional devices to complete
the signal chain. A signal chain block diagram example is shown in Figure 48.
ADS62P42
TRF371125
14
0
90
LNA
14
TRF3761
Figure 48. Block Diagram of Direct Downconvert Receiver
The lineup requires a low-noise amplifier (LNA) that operates at the frequency of interest with typical 1- to 2-dB
noise figure (NF) performance. An RF band-pass filter (BPF) is selected at the frequency band of interest to
eliminate unwanted signals and images outside the band from reaching the demodulator. The TRF371125
incorporates the direct downconvert demodulation, baseband filtering, and baseband gain-control functions. An
external synthesizer, such as the TRF3761, is used to provide the local oscillator (LO) source to the TRF371125.
The differential outputs of the TRF3761 directly mate with LO input of the TRF371125. The quadrature outputs
(I/Q) of the TRF371125 directly drive the input to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). A dual ADC like the
ADS62P42 14-bit 65-MSPS ADC mates perfectly with the differential I/Q output of the TRF371125. The
baseband output pins (pins 27, 28, 33, 34) can be connected directly to the corresponding input pins of typical
ADCs. The positive and negative terminal connections between the TRF371125 and the ADC can be swapped to
facilitate a clean routing layout. The swapped connection can be reversed by flipping the signals in the digital
domain, if desired. In addition, the common-mode output voltage generated by the ADC is fed directly into the
common-mode port (pin 24) to ensure the optimum dynamic range of the ADC is maintained.
EVALUATION TOOLS
An evaluation module is available to test the TRF371125 performance. The TRF371125EVM can be configured
with different baluns to enable operation in various frequency bands. The TRF371125EVM is available for
purchase through the Texas Instruments web site at www.ti.com.
42
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SLWS219A – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2010
REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Original (January, 2010) to Revision A
Page
•
Corrected product name discussed throughout document ................................................................................................... 1
•
Added Evaluation Tools ...................................................................................................................................................... 42
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43
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
9-Mar-2010
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status (1)
Package
Type
Package
Drawing
Pins Package Eco Plan (2)
Qty
TRF371125IRGZR
ACTIVE
VQFN
RGZ
48
2500 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
TRF371125IRGZT
ACTIVE
VQFN
RGZ
48
250
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br)
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp (3)
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS
compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.
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Addendum-Page 1
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