X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 ® Data Sheet December 20, 2006 FN8222.1 DESCRIPTION Digitally Controlled Potentiometer (XDCP™) FEATURES • Solid-state potentiometer • 3-wire serial interface • 100 wiper tap points —Wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory and recalled on power-up • 99 resistive elements —Temperature compensated —End to end resistance, ±20% —Terminal voltages, ±5V • Low power CMOS —VCC = 5V —Active current, 3mA max. —Standby current, 750µA max. • High reliability —Endurance, 100,000 data changes per bit —Register data retention, 100 years • X9C102 = 1kΩ • X9C103 = 10kΩ • X9C503 = 50kΩ • X9C104 = 100kΩ • Packages —8 Ld SOIC and 8 Ld PDIP • Pb-free plus anneal available (RoHS compliant) The X9Cxxx are Intersil digitally controlled (XDCP) potentiometers. The device consists of a resistor array, wiper switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. The wiper position is controlled by a three-wire interface. The potentiometer is implemented by a resistor array composed of 99 resistive elements and a wiper switching network. Between each element and at either end are tap points accessible to the wiper terminal. The position of the wiper element is controlled by the CS, U/D, and INC inputs. The position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up operation. The device can be used as a three-terminal potentiometer or as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of applications including: – control – parameter adjustments – signal processing BLOCK DIAGRAM U/D INC CS 7-Bit Up/Down Counter VCC (Supply Voltage) RH/VH 99 98 97 Up/Down (U/D) Increment (INC) Device Select (CS) 7-Bit Nonvolatile Memory VH/RH Control and Memory RW/VW VL/RL VSS (Ground) VCC GND General Store and Recall Control Circuitry 96 One of OneHundred Decoder 2 Transfer Gates Resistor Array 1 0 RL/VL RW/VW Detailed 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. XDCP is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2005, 2006. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 PIN CONFIGURATION DIP/SOIC INC 1 8 VCC U/D 2 7 CS VH/RH 3 6 VL/RL VSS 4 5 VW/RW X9C102/103/104/503 ORDERING INFORMATION PART NUMBER PART MARKING RTOTAL (kΩ) TEMPERATURE RANGE (°C) 1 PACKAGE PKG. DWG. # X9C102P X9C102P 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C102PZ (Note) X9C102P Z 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C102PI X9C102P I -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C102PIZ (Note) X9C102P ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C102S*, ** X9C102S 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C102SZ* (Note) X9C102S Z 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C102SI*, ** X9C102S I -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C102SIZ*, ** (Note) X9C102S ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C103P X9C103P 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 10 X9C103PZ (Note) X9C103P Z 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C103PI X9C103P I -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C103PIZ (Note) X9C103P ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C103S*, ** X9C103S 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C103S Z 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C103SI*, ** X9C103S I -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C103SIZ*, ** (Note) X9C103S ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C103SZ*, ** (Note) X9C503P X9C503P 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C503PZ (Note) X9C503P Z 50 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C503PI X9C503P I -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C503PIZ (Note) X9C503P ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C503S* X9C503S 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C503SZ* (Note) X9C503S Z 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C503SI*, ** X9C503S I -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C503SIZ*, ** (Note) X9C503S ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C104P X9C104P 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C104PI X9C104P I -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP MDP0031 X9C104PIZ (Note) X9C104P ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) MDP0031 X9C104S*, ** X9C104S 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C104SZ*, ** (Note) X9C104S Z 0 to 70 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 X9C104SI*, ** X9C104S I -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC MDP0027 X9C104SIZ*, ** (Note) X9C104S ZI -40 to 85 8 Ld SOIC (Pb-free) MDP0027 100 NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. *Add "T1" suffix for tape and reel. **Add "T2" suffix for tape and reel. 2 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pin Symbol Brief Description 1 INC Increment . The INC input is negative-edge triggered. Toggling INC will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the U/D input. 2 U/D Up/Down. The U/D input controls the direction of the wiper movement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. 3 RH/VH 4 VSS 5 VW/RW VW/RW. VW/RW is the wiper terminal, and is equivalent to the movable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. The position of the wiper within the array is determined by the control inputs. The wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40Ω. 6 RL/VL RL/VL. The low (VL/RL) terminals of the X9C102/103/104/503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. The minimum voltage is -5V and the maximum is +5V. The terminology of VH/RH and VL/RL references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the U/D input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. 7 CS CS. The device is selected when the CS input is LOW. The current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when CS is returned HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. After the store operation is complete the X9C102/103/104/503 device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. 8 VCC VCC RH/VH. The high (VH/RH) terminals of the X9C102/103/104/503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. The minimum voltage is -5V and the maximum is +5V. The terminology of VH/RH and VL/RL references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the U/D input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. VSS 3 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS COMMENT Temperature under bias .................... -65°C to +135°C Storage temperature ......................... -65°C to +150°C Voltage on CS, INC, U/D and VCC with respect to VSS .................................. -1V to +7V Voltage on VH/RH and VL/RL referenced to VSS ................................... -8V to +8V ΔV = |VH/RH - VL/RL| X9C102 ............................................................... 4V X9C103, X9C503, and X9C104 ......................... 10V Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) ...... +300°C IW (10 seconds) ................................................. 8.8mA Power rating X9C102 ........................................ 16mW Power rating X9C103/104/503 .......................... 10mW Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification) is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Temperature Min. Max. Supply Voltage (VCC) Limits 0°C +70°C X9C102/103/104/503 5V ±10% -40°C +85°C Commercial Industrial POTENTIOMETER CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.) Limits Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit RTOTAL End to end resistance variation -20 +20 % VVH/RH VH terminal voltage -5 +5 V VVL/RL VL terminal voltage -5 +5 V -4.4 4.4 mA IW Wiper current RW Wiper resistance 40 Noise (5) Resolution Absolute Relative linearity(1) linearity(2) Ω dBV 1 % -1 -0.2 Wiper Current = ±1mA Ref. 1kHz +1 MI(3) VW(n)(actual) - VW(n)(expected) +0.2 MI(3) VW(n + 1)(actual) - [VW(n) + MI] RTOTAL temperature coefficient ±300(5) ppm/°C X9C103/503/104 RTOTAL temperature coefficient ±600(5) ppm/°C X9C102 ±20 ppm/°C 10/10/25 pF Ratiometric temperature coefficient CH/CL/CW 100 -120 Test Conditions/Notes Potentiometer capacitances See Circuit #3, Macro Model (5) Notes: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage = [VW(n)(actual) - VW(n)(expected )] = ±1 MI Maximum. Relative linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = VW(n + 1) - [VW(n) + MI] = +0.2 MI. 1 MI = Minimum Increment = RTOT/99 Typical values are for TA = +25°C and nominal supply voltage. This parameter is not 100% tested. 4 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 D.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.) Limits Symbol Min. Typ.(4) Parameter ICC VCC active current ISB Standby supply current ILI CS, INC, U/D input leakage current VIH CS, INC, U/D input HIGH voltage VIL CS, INC, U/D input LOW voltage CIN(5) Max. Unit 1 3 mA CS = VIL, U/D = VIL or VIH and INC = 0.4V to 2.4V @ max. tCYC 200 750 µA CS = VCC - 0.3V, U/D and INC = VSS or VCC - 0.3V ±10 µA VIN = VSS to VCC 2 V 0.8 CS, INC, U/D input capacitance Test Conditions 10 V pF VCC = 5V, VIN = VSS, TA = 25°C, f = 1MHz ENDURANCE AND DATA RETENTION Parameter Min. Unit Minimum endurance 100,000 Data changes per bit per register Data retention 100 years Test Circuit #1 Test Circuit #2 Test Circuit #3 Macro Model VH/RH V R /R H Test Point VS Test Point V W /R W V L /R L VW/RW Force Current VL/RL RTOTAL RL CL 10pF RH CH CW 10pF 25pF RW A.C. CONDITIONS OF TEST Input pulse levels 0V to 3V Input rise and fall times 10ns Input reference levels 1.5V 5 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 A.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified) Limits Symbol tCl tlD tDI tlL tlH tlC tCPH tCPH tIW (5) tCYC tR, tF(5) tPU(5) tR VCC(5) Parameter CS to INC setup INC HIGH to U/D change U/D to INC setup INC LOW period INC HIGH period INC inactive to CS inactive CS deselect time (STORE) CS deselect time (NO STORE) INC to VW/RW change INC cycle time INC input rise and fall time Power-up to wiper stable VCC power-up rate Typ.(6) Min. 100 100 2.9 1 1 1 20 100 Max. Unit ns ns µs µs µs µs ms ns µs µs µs µs V/ms 100 2 500 500 0.2 50 POWER-UP AND DOWN REQUIREMENTS At all times, voltages on the potentiometer pins must be less than ±VCC. The recall of the wiper position from nonvolatile memory is not in effect until the VCC supply reaches its final value. The VCC ramp rate spec is always in effect. A.C. TIMING CS tCYC tCI tIL tIC tIH tCPH 90% 90% 10% INC tID tDI tF tR U/D tIW MI VW (8) Notes: (6) Typical values are for TA = 25°C and nominal supply voltage. (7) This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested. (8) MI in the A.C. timing diagram refers to the minimum incremental change in the VW output due to a change in the wiper position. 6 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 PIN NAMES DETAILED PIN DESCRIPTIONS Symbol RH/VH and RL/VL The high (VH/RH) and low (VL/RL) terminals of the X9C102/103/104/503 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. The minimum voltage is -5V and the maximum is +5V. The terminology of VH/RH and VL/RL references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the U/D input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. RW/VW VW/RW is the wiper terminal, and is equivalent to the movable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. The position of the wiper within the array is determined by the control inputs. The wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40Ω. Up/Down (U/D) The U/D input controls the direction of the wiper movement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. Increment (INC) The INC input is negative-edge triggered. Toggling INC will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the U/D input. Chip Select (CS) The device is selected when the CS input is LOW. The current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when CS is returned HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. After the store operation is complete the X9C102/103/104/503 device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. PIN CONFIGURATION DIP/SOIC INC 1 8 VCC U/D 2 7 CS VH/RH 3 6 VL/RL VSS 4 5 VW/RW X9C102/103/104/503 7 Description VH /RH High Terminal VW/RW Wiper Terminal VL/RL Low Terminal VSS Ground VCC Supply Voltage U/D Up/Down Control Input INC Increment Control Input CS Chip Select Control Input NC No Connection PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION There are three sections of the X9Cxxx: the input control, counter and decode section; the nonvolatile memory; and the resistor array. The input control section operates just like an up/down counter. The output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single electronic switch connecting a point on the resistor array to the wiper output. Under the proper conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in nonvolatile memory and retained for future use. The resistor array is comprised of 99 individual resistors connected in series. At either end of the array and between each resistor is an electronic switch that transfers the potential at that point to the wiper. The wiper, when at either fixed terminal, acts like its mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last position. That is, the counter does not wrap around when clocked to either extreme. The electronic switches on the device operate in a “make before break” mode when the wiper changes tap positions. If the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for tIW (INC to VW/RW change). The RTOTAL value for the device can temporarily be reduced by a significant amount if the wiper is moved several positions. When the device is powered-down, the last wiper position stored will be maintained in the nonvolatile memory. When power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled and the wiper is set to the value last stored. FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 INSTRUCTIONS AND PROGRAMMING The INC, U/D and CS inputs control the movement of the wiper along the resistor array. With CS set LOW the device is selected and enabled to respond to the U/D and INC inputs. HIGH to LOW transitions on INC will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the U/D input) a seven-bit counter. The output of this counter is decoded to select one of one-hundred wiper positions along the resistive array. The value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile memory whenever CS transitions HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. The system may select the X9Cxxx, move the wiper, and deselect the device without having to store the latest wiper position in nonvolatile memory. After the wiper movement is performed as described above and once the new position is reached, the system must keep INC LOW while taking CS HIGH. The new wiper position will be maintained until changed by the system or until a power-down/up cycle recalled the previously stored data. This procedure allows the system to always power-up to a preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during system operation minor adjustments could be made. The adjustments might be based on user preference: system parameter changes due to temperature drift, etc... MODE SELECTION CS INC U/D Mode L H Wiper Up L L Wiper Down H X Store Wiper Position X X Standby Current L X No Store, Return to Standby L H Wiper Up (not recommended) L L Wiper Down (not recommended) H SYMBOL TABLE WAVEFORM INPUTS OUTPUTS Must be steady Will be steady May change from Low to High Will change from Low to High May change from High to Low Will change from High to Low Don’t Care: Changes Allowed Changing: State Not Known N/A Center Line is High Impedance The state of U/D may be changed while CS remains LOW. This allows the host system to enable the device and then move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained. 8 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Contact the factory for more information. APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Electronic digitally controlled (XCDP) potentiometers provide three powerful application advantages; (1) the variability and reliability of a solid-state potentiometer, (2) the flexibility of computer-based digital controls, and (3) the retentivity of nonvolatile memory used for the storage of multiple potentiometer settings or data. Basic Configurations of Electronic Potentiometers VR VR VH/RH VW/RW VL/RL I Three terminal potentiometer; variable voltage divider Two terminal variable resistor; variable current Basic Circuits Buffered Reference Voltage R1 +V +V Noninverting Amplifier Cascading Techniques +5V +V VS +5V VW VREF VOUT – -5V X VW/RW R2 +V -5V R1 VW/RW VOUT = VW/RW (a) Voltage Regulator (b) VO = (1+R2/R1)VS Offset Voltage Adjustment R1 VIN VO (REG) 317 R2 VS LT311A 100kΩ – 10kΩ 10kΩ +12V 10kΩ -12V R1 } TL072 R2 VO VO } Iadj – + + 9 Comparator with Hysteresis VS R1 VO (REG) = 1.25V (1+R2/R1)+Iadj R2 VO – OP-07 + LM308A + R2 VUL = {R1/(R1 + R2)} VO(max) VLL = {R1/(R1 + R2)} VO(min) (for additional circuits see AN115) FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 Small Outline Package Family (SO) A D h X 45° (N/2)+1 N A PIN #1 I.D. MARK E1 E c SEE DETAIL “X” 1 (N/2) B L1 0.010 M C A B e H C A2 GAUGE PLANE SEATING PLANE A1 0.004 C 0.010 M C A B L b 0.010 4° ±4° DETAIL X MDP0027 SMALL OUTLINE PACKAGE FAMILY (SO) SYMBOL SO-8 SO-14 SO16 (0.150”) SO16 (0.300”) (SOL-16) SO20 (SOL-20) SO24 (SOL-24) SO28 (SOL-28) TOLERANCE NOTES A 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.104 0.104 0.104 0.104 MAX - A1 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 ±0.003 - A2 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.092 0.092 0.092 0.092 ±0.002 - b 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 ±0.003 - c 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 ±0.001 - D 0.193 0.341 0.390 0.406 0.504 0.606 0.704 ±0.004 1, 3 E 0.236 0.236 0.236 0.406 0.406 0.406 0.406 ±0.008 - E1 0.154 0.154 0.154 0.295 0.295 0.295 0.295 ±0.004 2, 3 e 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 Basic - L 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 ±0.009 - L1 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 Basic - h 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 Reference - 16 20 24 28 Reference N 8 14 16 Rev. L 2/01 NOTES: 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.006” maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included. 3. Dimensions “D” and “E1” are measured at Datum Plane “H”. 4. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994 10 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006 X9C102, X9C103, X9C104, X9C503 Plastic Dual-In-Line Packages (PDIP) E D A2 SEATING PLANE L N A PIN #1 INDEX E1 c e b A1 NOTE 5 1 eA eB 2 N/2 b2 MDP0031 PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE SYMBOL PDIP8 PDIP14 PDIP16 PDIP18 PDIP20 TOLERANCE A 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 0.210 MAX A1 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 MIN A2 0.130 0.130 0.130 0.130 0.130 ±0.005 b 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 ±0.002 b2 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 +0.010/-0.015 c 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 +0.004/-0.002 D 0.375 0.750 0.750 0.890 1.020 ±0.010 E 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 0.310 +0.015/-0.010 E1 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 ±0.005 e 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 Basic eA 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 Basic eB 0.345 0.345 0.345 0.345 0.345 ±0.025 L 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 ±0.010 N 8 14 16 18 20 Reference NOTES 1 2 Rev. B 2/99 NOTES: 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.010” maximum per side are not included. 3. Dimensions E and eA are measured with the leads constrained perpendicular to the seating plane. 4. Dimension eB is measured with the lead tips unconstrained. 5. 8 and 16 lead packages have half end-leads as shown. All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 11 FN8222.1 December 20, 2006