ACST10 Transient protected AC power switch Features OUT ■ Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology ■ Low IGT (<10 mA) or high immunity (IGT<35 mA) version ■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs Benefits ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 ■ High off-state reliability with planar technology ■ Need no external over voltage protection ■ Reduces the power passive component count ■ High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards G G OUT COM OUT COM TO-220FPAB ACST10-7xFT TO-220AB ACST10-7xT Figure 1. Functional diagram OUT Applications ■ AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems ■ Drive of medium power AC loads like: – Universal drum motor of washing machine – Compressor for fridge or air conditioner Description G COM Table 1. The ACST10 series belongs to the ACS/ACST family built with the ASD (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is adapted to home appliances or industrial systems, and drives loads up to 10 A. Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 10 A VDRM/VRRM 700 V IGT 10 or 35 mA This ACST10 switch embeds a TRIAC structure and a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The ACST10-7S needs only low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and still shows a high noise immunity complying with IEC standards such as IEC 61000-4-4 (Fast transient burst test). The ACST10-7C offers an extremely high static dV/dt immunity of 2 kV/µs minimum. December 2008 Rev 1 1/12 www.st.com Characteristics ACST10 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I2 t Parameter Unit 10 A TO-220AB Tc = 105 °C TO-220FPAB Tamb = 84 °C F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 105 A F = 50 Hz tp = 20 ms 100 A tp = 10 ms 66 A2s Tj = 125 °C 100 A/µs On-state rms current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25 °C, ( full cycle sine wave) Value 2 I t for fuse selection dI/dt Critical rate of rise on-state current IG = 2 x IGT, (tr ≤ 100 ns) VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage (1) Tj = 25 °C 2 kV Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 1 A Tstg Storage temperature range -40 to +150 °C Operating junction temperature range -40 to +125 °C PG(AV) Tj F = 120 Hz 1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 17 Table 3. Electrical characteristics Value Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Unit Tj ACST10-7Sx ACST10-7Cx 10 35 IGT(1) VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. VGT VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 1.0 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 Ω I - II - III 125 °C MIN. 0.2 V IH(2) IOUT = 500 mA 25 °C MAX. 30 50 mA IL IG = 1.2 x IGT 25 °C MAX. 50 70 mA 125 °C MIN. 200 2000 V/µs 125 °C MIN. I - II - III dV/dt(2) VOUT = 67 % VDRM, gate open (dI/dt)c(2) (dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs 4.4 A/ms Without snubber VCL ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max 2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin 2/12 mA 12 25 °C MIN. 850 V ACST10 Characteristics Table 4. Static characteristics Symbol Test conditions Value Unit VTM(1) IOUT = 14.1 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C MAX. 1.5 V VT0(1) Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C MAX. 0.9 V Rd(1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C MAX. 35 mΩ IDRM IRRM Tj = 25 °C MAX. 20 µA VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM Tj = 125 °C MAX. 1.2 mA Value Unit TO-220AB 1.7 °C/W TO-220FPAB 3.5 °C/W TO-220AB TO-220FPAB 60 °C/W 1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin Table 5. Symbol Thermal characteristics Parameter Rth(j-c) Junction to case (AC) Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient 3/12 Characteristics Figure 2. ACST10 Maximum power dissipation vs. rms on-state current (full cycle) Figure 3. P(W) On-state rms current vs. case temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 12 11 11 10 10 9 TO-220AB 9 TO-220FPAB 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 IT(RMS)(A) 1 TC(°C) 1 0 0 0 1 2 Figure 4. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 25 On-state rms current vs. ambient Figure 5. temperature (free air convection full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 1.0E+00 3,0 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of thermal impedance vs. pulse duration K=[Zth/Rth] Zth(j-c) TO -220AB Zth(j-a) 2,5 TO-220FPAB 2,0 1,5 1.0E-01 1,0 TO-220AB TO-220FPAB 0,5 Tamb(°C) tp(s) 0,0 0 25 Figure 6. 50 75 100 125 On-state characteristics (maximal values) Figure 7. ITM(A) 100 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 110 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current vs. number of cycles (Tj initial = 25 °C) ITSM(A) 100 90 t=20ms 80 70 ITM (A) One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25 °C 60 10 50 40 30 Tj=125 °C 20 Tj max : Vto = 0.90 V Rd = 35 mΩ VTM(V) Tj=25 °C Number of cycles 0 1 0 4/12 Repetitive TC=105 °C 10 1 2 3 4 5 1 10 100 ACST10 Characteristics Figure 8. 10000 Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 9. current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I²t ITSM(A), I2t (A2s) 3.0 dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs Relative variation of gate triggering current (IGT) and gate triggering voltage vs. junction temperature IGT, VGT,[Tj/IGT[Tj = 25 °C] Tj initial=25 °C IGTQ3 2.5 ITSM 1000 IGTQ1-Q2 2.0 100 1.5 I²t VGTQ1-Q2-Q3 1.0 10 0.5 tp(ms) Tj(°C) 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 Figure 10. Relative variation of holding (IH) and latching current (IL) vs. junction temperature -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. (dV/dt)c IH,IL[TJ]/IH,IL[Tj = 25 °C] 2.5 0.0 -50 (di/dt)c [(dV/dt)c] / Specified (di/dt)c 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.2 Typical values 0.8 1.0 ACST10-7Sxx 0.6 0.4 IL 0.5 IH 0.2 TJ(°C) 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 12. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. junction temperature 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ACST10-7Cxx 1.0 1.5 (dV/dt)c (V/µs) 0.0 0.1 1 10 100 Figure 13. Relative variation of static dV/dt vs. junction temperature (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C] 11 (dV/dt)[Tj] / (dV/dt)[Tj = 125 °C] VD = VR = 460 V 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 25 50 Tj(°C) 1 Tj(°C) 75 100 125 0 25 50 75 100 125 5/12 Characteristics ACST10 Figure 14. Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, VCL vs. junction temperature 1.15 VCL[Tj] / VCL[Tj = 25 °C] 1.10 1.05 1.00 Minimum values 0.95 0.90 tj(°C) 0.85 -50 6/12 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 ACST10 Application information 2 Application information 2.1 Typical application description The ACST10 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST10 switch is able to drive, with no turn off additional snubber, an inductive load up to 10 A. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST10-7S can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown Figure 15. Figure 15. Compressor control – typical diagram Compressor Compressor AC Mains AC Mains PTC 2 ACST ACST logical circuitry Start switch 3 1 PTC Electronic starter ACST ACST Run switch Electronic thermostat Rg Rg Power supply Gate Driver Rg Gate Driver Power supply Figure 16. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram Universal motor Stator Rotor 12V AC Mains Motor direction setting MCU Speed motor regulation ACST Rg Vcc MCU 7/12 Ordering information scheme 2.2 ACST10 AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard TRIACs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST10 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST10 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST10 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST10 switches safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST10 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit Figure 18. Typical current and voltage for resistive and inductive loads for waveforms across the ACST10 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test IEC 61000-4-5 standards R = 8 Ω, L = 4 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV VPEAK = V CL Surge generator 2kV surge VOUT Rgene IOUT Model of the load Filtering unit R L L ACST12 AC Mains C 3 Rg Ordering information scheme Figure 19. Ordering information scheme ACST 10 - 7 C T AC Switch On-state rms current 10 = 10A Repetitive peak off-state voltage 7 = 700V Triggering gate current S = 10 mA C = 35 mA Package FP = TO-220FPAB T = TO-220AB 8/12 ACST10 4 Package information Package information ● Epoxy meets UL94, V0 ● Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at www.st.com. Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 9/12 Package information Table 7. ACST10 TO-220FPAB dimensions Dimensions Ref. A B H Dia L6 L7 L2 L3 L5 F1 L4 F G 10/12 Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 F2 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409 D F2 G1 Millimeters L2 E 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ. L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205 L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646 L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366 Diam. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126 ACST10 5 Ordering information Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking ACST10-7ST Package Weight Base qty Packing mode TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220FPAB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220FPAB 2.3 g 50 Tube ACST107S ACST10-7SFP ACST10-7CT ACST107C ACST10-7CFP 6 Revision history Table 9. Document revision history Date Revision 02-Dec-2008 1 Changes First issue 11/12 ACST10 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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