PRELIMINARY Am186TMED/EDLV High Performance, 80C186- and 80C188-Compatible, 16-Bit Embedded Microcontrollers DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS n E86TM family 80C186- and 80C188-compatible microcontroller with enhanced bus interface – Lower system cost with higher performance – 3.3-V ± 0.3-V operation (Am186EDLV microcontrollers) n Programmable DRAM Controller – Supports zero-wait-state operation with 50-ns DRAM at 40 MHz, 60-ns @ 33 MHz, 70-ns @ 25 MHz – Includes programmable CAS-before-RAS refresh capability n High performance – 20-, 25-, 33-, and 40-MHz operating frequencies – Zero-wait-state operation at 40 MHz with 70-ns static memory – 1-Mbyte memory address space – 64-Kbyte I/O space n Enhanced features provide improved memory access and remove the requirement for a 2x clock input – Nonmultiplexed address bus – Processor operates at the clock input frequency – 8-bit or 16-bit programmable bus sizing including 8-bit boot option n Enhanced integrated peripherals – 32 programmable I/O (PIO) pins – Two full-featured asynchronous serial ports allow full-duplex, 7-bit, 8-bit, or 9-bit data transfers D GENERAL DESCRIPTION R The Am186TMED/EDLV microcontrollers are part of the AMD E86TM family of embedded microcontrollers and microprocessors based on the x86 architecture. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers are the ideal upgrade for 80C186/188 designs requiring 80C186/188 compatibility, increased performance, serial communications, a direct bus interface, and more than 64K of memory. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers integrate a complete DRAM controller to take advantage of low DRAM costs. This reduces memory subsystem costs while maintaining SRAM performance.The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers also integrate the functions of a CPU, nonmultiplexed address bus, three timers, watchdog timer, chip selects, interrupt controller, two DMA controllers, two asynchronous serial ports, programmable bus n – Serial port hardware handshaking with CTS, RTS, ENRX, and RTR selectable for each port – Improved serial port operation enhances 9-bit DMA support – Independent serial port baud rate generators – DMA to and from the serial ports – Watchdog timer can generate NMI or reset – A pulse-width demodulation option – A data strobe, true asynchronous bus interface option included for DEN – Reset configuration register Familiar 80C186 peripherals – Two independent DMA channels – Programmable interrupt controller with up to 8 external and 8 internal interrupts – Three programmable 16-bit timers – Programmable memory and peripheral chip-select logic – Programmable wait state generator – Power-save clock divider Software-compatible with the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers with widely available native development tools, applications, and system software A compatible evolution of the Am186EM, Am186ES, and Am186ER microcontrollers Available in the following packages: – 100-pin, thin quad flat pack (TQFP) – 100-pin, plastic quad flat pack (PQFP) A n n n T F sizing, and programmable I/O (PIO) pins on one chip. Compared to the 80C186/188 microcontrollers, the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers enable designers to reduce the size, power consumption, and cost of embedded systems, while increasing reliability, functionality, and performance. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers have been designed to meet the most common requirements of embedded products developed for the communications, office automation, mass stor age, and general embedded markets. Specific applications include PBXs, multiplexers, modems, disk drives, hand-held and desktop terminals, fax machines, printers, photocopiers, and industrial controls. This document contains information on a product under development at Advanced Micro Devices. The information is intended to help you evaluate this product. AMD reserves the right to change or discontinue work on this proposed product without notice. AMD, the AMD logo, and combinations thereof are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Publication# 21336 Rev: A Amendment/0 Issue Date: May 1997 P R E L I M I N A R Y Am186ED/EDLV MICROCONTROLLERS BLOCK DIAGRAM INT2/INTA0/PWD** INT3/INTA1/IRQ CLKOUTA INT1/SELECT TMROUT0 TMROUT1 PWD** TMRIN0 TMRIN1 DRQ0/INT5** DRQ1/INT6** NMI INT6–INT4** INT0 CLKOUTB Timer Control Unit 0 1 2 Max Count B Registers Max Count A Registers 16-Bit Count Registers Control Registers X2 X1 VCC GND Clock and Power Management Unit Interrupt Control Unit Watchdog Timer (WDT) Control Registers Pulse Width Demodulator (PWD) RES ARDY Control Registers SRDY S2/BTSEL S1–S0 DT/R DEN/DS HOLD HLDA S6/CLKDIV2 UZI 0 1 20-Bit Source Pointers 20-Bit Destination Pointers 16-Bit Count Registers Control Registers T F Control Registers Control Registers DMA Unit Refresh Control Unit R Bus Interface Unit D A19–A0 Execution Unit Control Registers PIO31– PIO0* Control Registers Asynchronous Serial Port 0 TXD0 RXD0 RTS0/RTR0 CTS0/ENRX0 Asynchronous Serial Port 1 TXD1 RXD1 RTS1/RTR1** CTS1/ENRX1** Chip-Select Unit RD LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 WHB WLB AD15–AD0 A DRAM Control Unit PIO Unit WR BHE/ADEN PCS6/A2 MCS3/RAS1 MCS2/LCAS MCS1/UCAS PCS5/A1 PCS3–PCS0** MCS0 UCS/ONCE1 ALE Notes: *All PIO signals are shared with other physical pins. See the pin descriptions beginning on page 21 and Table 2 on page 29 for information on shared functions. ** RTS1/RTR1 and CTS1/ENRX1 are multiplexed with PCS3 and PCS2, respectively. See the pin descriptions beginning on page 21. 2 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y ORDERING INFORMATION Standard Products AMD standard products are available in several packages and operating ranges. The order number (valid combination) is formed by a combination of the elements below. Am186TMED/EDLV -40 K C \W LEAD FORMING \W=Trimmed and Formed TEMPERATURE RANGE C= ED Commercial (TC =0°C to +100°C) C = EDLV Commercial (TC =0°C to +70°C) I = ED Industrial (TA =–40°C to +85°C) where: TC = case temperature where: TA = ambient temperature PACKAGE TYPE V=100-Pin Thin Quad Flat Pack (TQFP) K=100-Pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP) T F SPEED OPTION –20 = 20 MHz –25 = 25 MHz –33 = 33 MHz –40 = 40 MHz DEVICE NUMBER/DESCRIPTION Am186ED = High-Performance, 80C186-Compatible, 16-Bit Embedded Microcontroller A Am186EDLV = High-Performance, 80L186-Compatible, Low-Voltage, 16-Bit Embedded Microcontroller R Valid Combinations Am186ED–20 Am186ED–25 Am186ED–33 Am186ED–40 D Am186ED–20 Am186ED–25 Am186EDLV–20 Am186EDLV–25 VC\W or KC\W KI\W1 VC\W or KC\W Note: The industrial version of the Am186ED is offered only in the PQFP package. Valid Combinations Valid combinations list configurations planned to be supported in volume for this device. Consult the local AMD sales office to confirm availability of specific valid combinations and to check on newly released combinations. Note: The industrial version of the Am186ED as well as the Am186EDLV are available in 20 and 25 MHz operating frequencies only. The Am186ED and Am186EDLV microcontrollers are all functionally the same except for their DC characteristics and available frequencies. Note: There is no 188 version of the Am186ED/ EDLV. The same 8-bit external bus capabilities can be achieved using the 8-bit boot capability and programmable bus sizing options. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 3 P R E L I M I N A R Y TABLE OF CONTENTS DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................... 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................... 1 AM186ED/EDLV MICROCONTROLLERS BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................... 2 ORDERING INFORMATION ....................................................................................................... 3 Standard Products ........................................................................................................... 3 RELATED AMD PRODUCTS ...................................................................................................... 9 E86 Family Devices ...................................................................................................... 9 Related Documents ....................................................................................................... 10 Third-Party Development Support Products .................................................................. 10 Customer Service .......................................................................................................... 10 KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS ............................................................................................ 10 Application Considerations .............................................................................................11 COMPARING THE AM186ED/EDLV TO THE AM186ES/ESLV MICROCONTROLLERS ........ 12 Integrated DRAM Controller ........................................................................................... 12 Enhanced Refresh Control Unit ..................................................................................... 13 Option to Overlap DRAM with PCS ............................................................................... 13 Additional Serial Port Mode for DMA Support of 9-bit Protocols .................................... 13 Option to Boot from 8- or 16-bit Memory ....................................................................... 13 Improved External Bus Master Support ......................................................................... 13 PSRAM Controller Removed ......................................................................................... 13 TQFP CONNECTION DIAGRAMS AND PINOUTS .................................................................. 14 Top Side View—100-Pin Thin Quad Flat Pack (TQFP) ................................................. 14 TQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS ....................................................................................................... 15 Sorted by Pin Number .................................................................................................... 15 Sorted by Pin Name ....................................................................................................... 16 PQFP CONNECTION DIAGRAMS AND PINOUTS .................................................................. 17 Top Side View—100-Pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP) ............................................. 17 PQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS ....................................................................................................... 18 Sorted by Pin Number .................................................................................................... 18 Sorted by Pin Name ....................................................................................................... 19 LOGIC SYMBOL—AM186ED/EDLV MICROCONTROLLERS ................................................. 20 PIN DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................................................................. 21 Pins That Are Used by Emulators .................................................................................. 21 Pin Terminology ............................................................................................................. 21 A19–A0 (A19/PIO9, A18/PIO8, A17/PIO7) .................................................................... 21 AD15–AD8 ..................................................................................................................... 21 AD7–AD0 ....................................................................................................................... 21 ALE ................................................................................................................................ 21 ARDY ............................................................................................................................. 22 BHE/ADEN ..................................................................................................................... 22 CLKOUTA ...................................................................................................................... 22 CLKOUTB ...................................................................................................................... 22 CTS0/ENRX0/PIO21 ...................................................................................................... 22 DEN/DS/PIO5 ................................................................................................................ 23 DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 ......................................................................................................... 23 DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 ......................................................................................................... 23 DT/R/PIO4 ..................................................................................................................... 23 GND ............................................................................................................................... 23 HLDA ............................................................................................................................. 23 HOLD ............................................................................................................................. 23 INT0 ............................................................................................................................... 24 INT1/SELECT ................................................................................................................ 24 D 4 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y INT2/INTA0/PWD/PIO31 ................................................................................................ 24 INT3/INTA1/IRQ ............................................................................................................. 24 INT4/PIO30 .................................................................................................................... 25 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 ........................................................................................................ 25 MCS0/PIO14 .................................................................................................................. 25 MCS1/UCAS/PIO15 ....................................................................................................... 25 MCS2/LCAS/PIO24 ....................................................................................................... 25 MCS3/RAS1/PIO25 ....................................................................................................... 26 NMI ................................................................................................................................ 26 PCS1/PIO17, PCS0/PIO16 ............................................................................................ 26 PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1/PIO18 ........................................................................................... 27 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1/PIO19 .............................................................................................. 27 PCS5/A1/PIO3 ............................................................................................................... 27 PCS6/A2/PIO2 ............................................................................................................... 28 PIO31–PIO0 (Shared) .................................................................................................... 28 RD .................................................................................................................................. 28 RES ................................................................................................................................ 28 RTS0/RTR0/PIO20 ........................................................................................................ 30 RXD0/PIO23 .................................................................................................................. 30 RXD1/PIO28 .................................................................................................................. 30 S2/BTSEL ...................................................................................................................... 30 S1–S0 ............................................................................................................................ 30 S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 ....................................................................................................... 30 SRDY/PIO6 .................................................................................................................... 30 TMRIN0/PIO11 ............................................................................................................... 31 TMRIN1/PIO0 ................................................................................................................ 31 TMROUT0/PIO10 .......................................................................................................... 31 TMROUT1/PIO1 ............................................................................................................ 31 TXD0/PIO22 ................................................................................................................... 31 TXD1/PIO27 ................................................................................................................... 31 UCS/ONCE1 .................................................................................................................. 31 UZI/PIO26 ...................................................................................................................... 31 VCC ................................................................................................................................ 31 WHB ............................................................................................................................... 31 WLB ............................................................................................................................... 32 WR ................................................................................................................................. 32 X1 ................................................................................................................................... 32 X2 ................................................................................................................................... 32 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 33 Memory Organization ..................................................................................................... 33 I/O Space ....................................................................................................................... 33 BUS OPERATION ..................................................................................................................... 34 BUS INTERFACE UNIT ............................................................................................................. 36 Nonmultiplexed Address Bus ......................................................................................... 36 DRAM Address Multiplexing .......................................................................................... 36 Programmable Bus Sizing ............................................................................................. 37 Byte-Write Enables ........................................................................................................ 37 Data Strobe Bus Interface Option .................................................................................. 37 DRAM INTERFACE ................................................................................................................... 37 PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK ............................................................................................ 38 Reading and Writing the PCB ........................................................................................ 38 D R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F 5 P R E L I M I N A R Y CLOCK AND POWER MANAGEMENT .................................................................................... 40 Phase-Locked Loop ....................................................................................................... 40 Crystal-Driven Clock Source .......................................................................................... 40 External Source Clock ................................................................................................... 41 System Clocks ............................................................................................................... 41 Power-Save Operation ................................................................................................... 41 Initialization and Processor Reset .................................................................................. 41 Reset Configuration Register ......................................................................................... 41 CHIP-SELECT UNIT .................................................................................................................. 42 Chip-Select Timing ......................................................................................................... 42 Ready and Wait-State Programming ............................................................................. 42 Chip-Select Overlap ....................................................................................................... 42 Upper Memory Chip Select ............................................................................................ 43 Low Memory Chip Select ............................................................................................... 43 Midrange Memory Chip Selects ..................................................................................... 43 Peripheral Chip Selects ................................................................................................. 43 REFRESH CONTROL UNIT ...................................................................................................... 44 INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT .................................................................................................. 44 TIMER CONTROL UNIT ............................................................................................................ 45 Watchdog Timer ............................................................................................................. 45 PULSE WIDTH DEMODULATION ............................................................................................ 45 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS .................................................................................................... 46 DMA Operation .............................................................................................................. 46 DMA Channel Control Registers .................................................................................... 47 DMA Priority ................................................................................................................... 47 ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL PORTS ......................................................................................... 47 DMA Transfers through the Serial Port .......................................................................... 48 PROGRAMMABLE I/O (PIO) PINS ........................................................................................... 48 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ............................................................................................ 49 OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................................. 49 DC CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES . 49 CAPACITANCE ......................................................................................................................... 50 POWER SUPPLY CURRENT ................................................................................................... 50 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................... 51 TQFP Package .............................................................................................................. 51 Typical Ambient Temperatures ....................................................................................... 52 COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS AND WAVEFORMS .. 57 Key to Switching Waveforms ......................................................................................... 57 Alphabetical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols ....................................................... 58 Numerical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols ........................................................... 61 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 64 Read Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ................................................................................ 64 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 65 Read Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ................................................................................ 65 READ CYCLE WAVEFORMS ................................................................................................... 66 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 67 Write Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ................................................................................ 67 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 68 Write Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ................................................................................ 68 WRITE CYCLE WAVEFORMS .................................................................................................. 69 D 6 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 70 DRAM ............................................................................................................................ 70 DRAM Read Cycle Timing with No-Wait States ............................................................ 71 DRAM Read Cycle Timing with Wait State(s) ................................................................ 71 DRAM Write Cycle Timing with No-Wait States ............................................................. 72 DRAM Write Cycle Timing With Wait State(s) ............................................................... 72 DRAM CAS-before-RAS Cycle Timing .......................................................................... 73 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 74 Interrupt Acknowledge Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ..................................................... 74 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 75 Interrupt Acknowledge Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ..................................................... 75 INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE CYCLE WAVEFORMS ........................................................... 76 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 77 Software Halt Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ................................................................... 77 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 77 Software Halt Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ................................................................... 77 SOFTWARE HALT CYCLE WAVEFORMS ............................................................................... 78 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 79 Clock (20 MHz and 25 MHz) .......................................................................................... 79 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 80 Clock (33 MHz and 40 MHz) .......................................................................................... 80 CLOCK WAVEFORMS .............................................................................................................. 81 Clock Waveforms—Active Mode ................................................................................... 81 Clock Waveforms—Power-Save Mode .......................................................................... 81 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 82 Ready and Peripheral (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ................................................................ 82 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................. 82 Ready and Peripheral (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ................................................................ 82 SYNCHRONOUS, ASYNCHRONOUS, AND PERIPHERAL WAVEFORMS ............................ 83 Synchronous Ready Waveforms ................................................................................... 83 Asynchronous Ready Waveforms .................................................................................. 83 Peripheral Waveforms ................................................................................................... 83 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES ............................................................................................... 84 Reset and Bus Hold (20 MHz and 25 MHz) ................................................................... 84 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL OPERATING RANGES ................ 84 Reset and Bus Hold (33 MHz and 40 MHz) ................................................................... 84 RESET AND BUS HOLD WAVEFORMS ................................................................................... 85 Reset Waveforms .......................................................................................................... 85 Signals Related to Reset Waveforms ............................................................................ 85 Bus Hold Waveforms—Entering .................................................................................... 86 Bus Hold Waveforms—Leaving ..................................................................................... 86 TQFP PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS ............................................................................................... 87 PQFP PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS .............................................................................................. 88 D R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F 7 P R E L I M I N A R Y LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Am186ED Microcontroller Example System Design .............................................. 11 80C186 Microcontroller Example System Design ................................................. 12 Two-Component Address ...................................................................................... 33 16-Bit Mode—Normal Read and Write Operation ................................................. 34 16-Bit Mode—Read and Write with Address Bus Disable In Effect ....................... 35 8-Bit Mode—Normal Read and Write Operation ................................................... 35 8-Bit Mode—Read and Write with Address Bus Disable in Effect ......................... 36 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Oscillator Configurations ................................. 40 Clock Organization ................................................................................................ 41 DMA Unit Block Diagram ....................................................................................... 47 Typical Icc Versus Frequency for Am186EDLV Microcontroller ............................. 50 Typical Icc Versus Frequency for Am186ED Microcontroller ................................. 50 Thermal Resistance(°C/Watt) ................................................................................ 51 Thermal Characteristics Equations ........................................................................ 51 Typical Ambient Temperatures for PQFP with a 2-Layer Board ............................ 53 Typical Ambient Temperatures for TQFP with a 2-Layer Board ............................ 54 Typical Ambient Temperatures for PQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board .......... 55 Typical Ambient Temperatures for TQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board ........... 56 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 8 T F Data Byte Encoding ............................................................................................... 22 Numeric PIO Pin Designations .............................................................................. 29 Alphabetic PIO Pin Designations ........................................................................... 29 Bus Cycle Encoding ............................................................................................... 30 Segment Register Selection Rules ........................................................................ 33 DRAM Pin Interface ............................................................................................... 37 Programming the Bus Width of Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers ........................ 37 Peripheral Control Block Register Map .................................................................. 39 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Maximum DMA Transfer Rates ....................... 46 Typical Power Consumption Calculation for the Am186EDLV Microcontroller ...... 50 Thermal Characteristics (°C/Watt) ......................................................................... 51 Typical Power Consumption Calculation ............................................................... 52 Junction Temperature Calculation ......................................................................... 52 Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for PQFP with a 2-Layer Board .................... 53 Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for TQFP with a 2-Layer Board .................... 54 Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for PQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board ... 55 Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for TQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board ... 56 D R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Microprocessors Am486 Future AT Peripheral Microcontrollers K86™ Future 186 Peripheral Microcontrollers Am486DX Microprocessor ÉlanSC410 Microcontroller ÉlanSC400 Microcontroller Am186ED Microcontroller Am386SX/DX Microprocessors ÉlanSC310 Microcontroller ÉlanSC300 Microcontroller 80C186 and 80C188 Microcontrollers 80L186 and 80L188 Microcontrollers 32-bit Future Am186 and Am188 Future Am186ER and Am188ER Microcontrollers Am186ES and Am188ES Microcontrollers Am186EM and Am188EM Microcontrollers Am186ESLV & Am188ESLV Microcontrollers Am186EMLV & Am188EMLV Microcontrollers Time T F The E86 Family of Embedded Microprocessors and Microcontrollers RELATED AMD PRODUCTS E86 Family Devices Device 80C186 80C188 80L186 80L188 Am186EM Am188EM Am186EMLV Am188EMLV A Description 16-bit microcontroller 16-bit microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus Low-voltage, 16-bit microcontroller Low-voltage, 16-bit microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus High-performance, 80C186-compatible, 16-bit embedded microcontroller High-performance, 80C188-compatible, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus High-performance, 80C186-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller High-performance, 80C188-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus Am186ES High-performance, 80C186-compatible, 16-bit embedded microcontroller Am188ES High-performance, 80C188-compatible, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus Am186ESLV High-performance, 80C186-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller Am188ESLV High-performance, 80C188-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus Am186ED High-performance, 80C186- and 80C188-compatible, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8- or 16bit external data bus Am186EDLV High-performance, 80C186- and 80C188-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8- or 16-bit external data bus Am186ER High-performance, 80C186-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 32 Kbyte of internal RAM Am188ER High-performance, 80C188-compatible, low-voltage, 16-bit embedded microcontroller with 8-bit external data bus and 32 Kbyte of internal RAM D Élan™SC300 ÉlanSC310 ÉlanSC400 ÉlanSC410 Am386®DX Am386®SX Am486®DX R High-performance, highly integrated, low-voltage, 32-bit embedded microcontroller High-performance, single-chip, 32-bit embedded PC/AT microcontroller Single-chip, low-power, PC/AT-compatible microcontroller Single-chip, PC/AT-compatible microcontroller High-performance, 32-bit embedded microprocessor with 32-bit external data bus High-performance, 32-bit embedded microprocessor with 16-bit external data bus High-performance, 32-bit embedded microprocessor with 32-bit external data bus Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 9 P R E L I M I N A R Y Related Documents The following documents provide additional i n f o r m a t i o n r e g a r d i n g t h e A m 1 8 6 E D / E D LV microcontrollers: n Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers User’s Manual, order # 21335 n Am186 and Am188 Family Instruction Set Manual, order # 21267 n FusionE86SM Catalog, order # 19255 n E86 Family Support Tools Brief, order # 20071 n FusionE86 Development Tools Reference CD, order # 21058 Third-Party Development Support Products To d own lo ad do cu me nt s a nd s oft war e , ft p t o ftp.amd.com and log on as anonymous using your E-mail address as a password. Or via your web browser, go to ftp://ftp.amd.com. Questions, requests, and input concerning AMD’s WWW pages can be sent via E-mail to [email protected]. Documentation and Literature Free E86 family information such as data books, user’s man ual s , data sh eets , ap pl ic ati on n otes , th e FusionE86 Partner Solutions Catalog, and other literature is available with a simple phone call. Internationally, contact your local AMD sales office for complete E86 family literature. Literature Ordering The FusionE86 S M Program of Partnerships for Application Solutions provides the customer with an array of products designed to meet critical time-tomarket needs. Products and solutions available from the AMD FusionE86 partners include emulators, hardware and software debuggers, board-level products, and software development tools, among others. (800) 222-9323 In addition, mature development tools and applications for the x86 platform are widely available in the general marketplace. KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS Customer Service The AMD customer service network includes U.S. offices, international offices, and a customer training center. Expert technical assistance is available from the worldwide staff of AMD field application engineers and factory support staff to answer E86 family hardware and software development questions. D R Hotline and World Wide Web Support For answers to technical questions, AMD provides a toll-free number for direct access to our corporate applications hotline. Also available is the AMD World Wide Web home page and FTP site, which provides the latest E86 family product information, including technical information and data on upcoming product releases. For technical support questions on all E86 products, send E-mail to [email protected]. Corporate Applications Hotline (800) 222-9323 Toll-free for U.S. and Canada 44-(0) 1276-803-299 U.K. and Europe hotline World Wide Web Home Page and FTP Site (512) 602-5651 (512) 602-7639 (800) 222-9323 A T F Direct dial worldwide fax AMD Facts-On-Demand™ fax information service, tollfree for U.S. and Canada The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers extend the AMD family of microcontrollers based on the industry-standard x86 architecture. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers are a higher-performance, highly integrated version of the 80C186/188 microprocessors, offering an attractive migration path. In addition, the Am186ED/ EDLV microcontrollers offer application-specific features that can enhance the system functionality of the Am186ES/ESLV and Am188ES/ESLV microcontrollers. Upgrading to the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers is an attractive solution for several reasons: n Programmable DRAM controller—Enables system designers to take advantage of low-cost DRAM and fully utilize the performance and flexibility of the x86 architecture. The DRAM controller supports zero wait-state performance with 50-ns DRAM at 40 MHz, or, if required, can be programmed with wait states. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide a CAS-before-RAS refresh unit. n Minimized total system cost—New and enhanced peripherals and on-chip system interface logic on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers reduce the cost of existing 80C186/188 designs. n X86 software compatibility—80C186/188-compatible and upward-compatible with the other members of the AMD E86 family. To access the AMD home page go to: http://www.amd.com. 10 Toll-free for U.S. and Canada Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y n Enhanced performance—The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers increase the performance of 80C186/188 systems, and the nonmultiplexed address bus offers unbuffered access to memory. n Enhanced functionality—The enhanced on-chip peripherals of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers include two asynchronous serial ports, 32 PIOs, a watchdog timer, additional interrupt pins, a pulse width demodulation option, DMA directly to and from the serial ports, 8-bit and 16-bit programmable bus sizing, a 16-bit reset configuration register, and enhanced chip-select functionality. Clock Generation The integrated clock generation circuitry of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers enables the use of a 1x crystal frequency. The Am186ED design in Figure 1 achieves 40-MHz CPU operation, while using a 40MHz crystal. Application Considerations The integration enhancements of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide a high-performance, low-system-cost solution for 16-bit embedded microcontroller designs. The nonmultiplexed address bus eliminates the need for system-support logic to interface memory devices, while the multiplexed address/data bus maintains the value of previously engineered, customerspecific peripherals and circuits within the upgraded design. Figure 1 illustrates an example system design that uses the integrated peripheral set to achieve high performance with reduced system cost. Memory Interface The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers integrate a versatile memory controller which supports direct memory accesses to DRAM, SRAM, Flash, EPROM, and ROM. No external glue logic is required and all required control signals are provided. The peripheral chip selects have been enhanced to allow them to overlap the DRAM. This allows a small 1.5K portion of the DRAM memory space to be used for peripherals without bus contention. D R The improved memory timing specifications of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers allow for zero-waitstate operation at 40 MHz using 50-ns DRAM, 70-ns SRAM, or 70-ns Flash memory. For 60-ns DRAM one wait state is required at 40 MHz and zero wait states at 33 MHz and below. For 70-ns DRAM two wait states are required at 40 MHz, one wait state at 33 MHz, and zero wait states at 25 MHz and below. This reduces overall system cost by enabling the use of commonly available memory speeds and taking advantage of DRAM’s lower cost per bit over SRAM. A T F 0-6 Figure 1. Am186ED Microcontroller Example System Design Direct Memory Interface Example Figure 1 illustrates the direct memory interface of the Am186ED microcontroller. The processor’s A19–A0 bus connects to the memory address inputs, the AD bus connects to the data inputs and outputs, and the chip selects connect to the memory chip-select inputs. The odd A1–A17 address pins connect to the DRAM multiplexed address bus. The RD output connects to the DRAM Output Enable (OE) pin for read operations. Write operations use the WR output connected to the DRAM Write Enable (WE) pin. The UCAS and LCAS pins provide byte selection. Figure 1 also shows an implementation of an RS-232 console or modem communications port. The RS-232 to CMOS voltage-level converter is required for the electrical interface with the external device. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 11 P R E L I M I N A R Y COMPARING THE Am186ES/ESLV TO THE Am186ED/EDLV MICROCONTROLLERS Compared to the Am186ES/ESLV microcontrollers, the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers have the following additional features: n Integrated DRAM controller n Enhanced refresh control unit n Option to overlap DRAM with peripheral chip select (PCS) n Additional serial port mode for DMA support of 9-bit protocols n Option to boot from 8- or 16-bit memory n Improved external bus master support n PSRAM controller removed Figure 1 shows an example system using a 40-MHz Am 1 86 ED mi c r oc o nt r ol le r. F i gu r e 2 s ho ws a comparable system implementation with an 80C186. Because of its superior integration, the Am186ED/ EDLV system does not require the support devices that are required on the 80C186 example system. In addition, the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide 25 D R significantly better performance with its 40-MHz clock rate. Integrated DRAM Controller The integrated DRAM controller directly interfaces DRAM to support no-wait state DRAM interface up to 40 MHz. Wait states can be inserted to support slower DRAM. All signals requir ed by the DRAM ar e generated on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers and no external logic is r equired. The DRAM multiplexed address pins are connected to the odd address pins starting with A1 on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers to MA0 on the DRAM. The correct row and column addresses are generated on these pins during a DRAM access. The UCAS and LCAS are used to select which byte of the DRAM is accessed during a read or write. The RAS0 controls the lower bank of DRAM which starts at 00000h in the address map and is bounded by the lower memory size selected in the LMCS register. RAS1 controls the upper bank of DRAM which ends at FFFFFh and is bounded by the upper memory size in the UMCS register. When RAS1 is enabled, UCS is automatically disabled. Neither, either, or both DRAM banks can be activated. A T F Figure 2. 80C186 Microcontroller Example System Design 12 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Enhanced Refresh Control Unit The refresh control unit (RCU) is enhanced with two additional bits in the refresh counter to allow for longer refresh periods. The address generated during a refresh has been fixed to FFFFFh. When either bank of DRAM is enabled and the RCU is enabled, a CASbefore-RAS refresh will be generated based on the time period coded into the refresh counter. Option to Overlap DRAM with PCS The peripheral chip selects (PCS0–PCS6) can overlap DRAM blocks with different wait states without external or internal bus contention. The RAS0 or RAS1 will assert along with the appropriate PCS. The UCAS and LCAS will not assert, preventing the DRAM from writing erroneously or driving the data bus during a read. The PCS must have the same or higher number of wait states than the DRAM. The PCS bus width will be determined by the LSIZ or USIZ bus widths as programmed in the AUXCON register. Additional Serial Port Mode for DMA Support of 9-bit Protocols A mode 7 was added to the serial port which enhances the direct memory access (DMA) support for 9-bit protocols. Using mode 2, the serial port can be programmed to interrupt only if the 9th bit is set, ignoring all 9th bit cleared byte receptions. Mode 3 receives all bytes, whether the 9th bit is set or cleared. Mode 7 also receives all bytes whether the 9th bit is set or cleared, but now an interrupt is generated when the 9th bit is set. This allows the DMA to service all receptions, but also allows the CPU to intervene when the trailer (9th bit set) is received. In all modes using DMA, the interrupts other than transmitter ready and character received interrupts can still be generated. This allows the DMA to handle the standard sending and receiving characters while the CPU can intervene when a non-standard event (e.g., framing error) occurs. D R entire memory map can be set to 16-bit or 8-bit or mixed between 8-bit and 16-bit based on the USIZ, LSIZ, MSIZ, and IOSIZ bits in the AUXCON register. Improved External Bus Master Support When the bus is arbitrated away from the Am186ED/ EDLV microcontrollers using the HOLD pin, the chip selects are driven High (negated) and then held High with an internal ~10-kohm pullup. This allows external bus masters to assert the chip selects by externally pulling them Low, without having to combine the chip selects from the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers and the external bus master in logic external to the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers. This internal pullup is activated for any bus arbitration, even if the pin is being used as a PIO input. PSRAM Controller Removed T F The PSRAM mode found on the Am186ES/ESLV microcontrollers has been removed and replaced with a DRAM controller. This includes removal of the variant PSRAM LCS timing and refresh strobe on MCS3. A Option to Boot from 8- or 16-bit Memory The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers can boot from 8or 16-bit-wide non-volatile memory, based on the state of the S2/BTSEL pin. If S2/BTSEL is pulled High or left floating, an internal pullup sets the boot mode option to 16-bit. If S2/BTSEL is pulled resistively Low during reset, the boot mode option is for 8-bit. The status of the S2/BTSEL pin is latched on the rising edge of reset. If the 8-bit boot option is selected, the width of the memory region associated with UCS can be changed in the AUXCON register. This allows for cheaper 8-bitwide memory to be used for booting the microcontroller, while speed-critical code and data can be executed from 16-bit-wide lower memory. Eight-bit or 16-bit-wide peripherals can be used in the memory area between LCS and UCS or in the I/O space. The Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 13 P R E L I M I N A R Y AD0 AD8 1 AD1 AD9 3 4 AD2 AD10 5 6 AD3 AD11 7 8 AD4 AD12 9 10 AD5 GND 11 12 AD13 AD6 13 14 V CC AD14 15 16 AD7 AD15 17 18 S6/CLKDIV2 19 20 73 72 MCS0 DEN/DS 71 70 DT/R NMI 69 68 SRDY HOLD 67 66 HLDA VCC PCS 5/A1 PCS 6/A2 LCS / ONCE 0/RAS0 UCS / ONCE1 INT0 INT1/ SELECT INT2/INTA 0/PWD INT3/INTA 1/IRQ 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 MCS3/ RAS1 MCS2/LCAS VCC 92 91 PCS2 /CTS1/ENRX1 PCS3 /RTS1/RTR1 RES GND 94 93 86 85 TMROUT1 TMRIN1 96 95 PCS1 GND TMRIN0 TMROUT0 98 97 88 87 DRQ0/INT5 DRQ1/INT6 100 99 PCS0 T F 63 62 A0 A1 61 60 VCC A2 59 58 A3 A4 57 56 A5 A6 55 54 A7 A8 23 24 53 52 A9 A10 25 51 A11 A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 VCC A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 34 35 S0 CLKOUTB GND A19 A18 32 33 S2/BTSEL S1 38 39 30 31 VCC CLKOUTA 28 29 WR RD ALE ARDY 36 37 R GND X1 X2 D 21 22 Note: Pin 1 is marked for orientation. 14 INT4 MCS1/UCAS WLB WHB GND BHE/ADEN TXD0 75 74 65 64 26 27 CTS0/ENRX0 RXD0 2 RTS0/RTR0 UZI TXD1 RXD1 90 89 TQFP CONNECTION DIAGRAMS AND PINOUTS Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Top Side View—100-Pin Thin Quad Flat Pack (TQFP) Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y TQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS—Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Sorted by Pin Number Pin No. Name Pin No. Name Pin No. Name Pin No. Name 1 AD0 26 RTS0/RTR0/ PIO20 51 A11 76 INT3/INTA1/IRQ 2 AD8 27 BHE/ADEN 52 A10 77 INT2/INTA0/PWD/ PIO31 3 AD1 28 WR 53 A9 78 INT1/SELECT 4 AD9 29 RD 54 A8 79 INT0 5 AD2 30 ALE 55 A7 80 UCS/ONCE1 6 AD10 31 ARDY 56 A6 81 LCS/ONCE0/ RAS0 7 AD3 32 S2/BTSEL 57 A5 82 PCS6/A2/PIO2 8 AD11 33 S1 58 A4 83 PCS5/A1/PIO3 9 AD4 34 S0 59 A3 84 VCC 10 AD12 35 GND 60 A2 85 PCS3/RTS1/ RTR1/ PIO19 11 AD5 36 X1 61 VCC 86 PCS2/CTS1/ ENRX1/PIO18 12 GND 37 X2 62 A1 87 GND 13 AD13 38 VCC 63 A0 88 PCS1/PIO17 14 AD6 39 CLKOUTA 64 GND 89 PCS0/PIO16 15 VCC 40 CLKOUTB 65 WHB 90 VCC 16 AD14 66 WLB 91 MCS2/LCAS/ PIO24 17 AD7 67 HLDA 92 MCS3/RAS1/ PIO25 18 AD15 19 S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 20 UZI/PIO26 21 TXD1/PIO27 22 R A T F 41 GND 42 A19/PIO9 43 A18/PIO8 68 HOLD 93 GND 44 VCC 69 SRDY/PIO6 94 RES 45 A17/PIO7 70 NMI 95 TMRIN1/PIO0 46 A16 71 DT/R/PIO4 96 TMROUT1/PIO1 RXD1/PIO28 47 A15 72 DEN/DS/PIO5 97 TMROUT0/PIO10 23 CTS0/ENRX0/PIO21 48 A14 73 MCS0/PIO14 98 TMRIN0/PIO11 24 RXD0/PIO23 49 A13 74 MCS1/UCAS/ PIO15 99 DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 25 TXD0/PIO22 50 A12 75 INT4/PIO30 100 DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 D Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 15 P R E L I M I N A R Y TQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS—Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Sorted by Pin Name Pin Name No. Pin Name No. Pin Name No. Pin Name No. A0 63 AD5 11 GND 87 RXD1 22 A1 62 AD6 14 GND 93 S0 34 A2 60 AD7 17 HLDA 67 S1 33 A3 59 AD8 2 HOLD 68 S2/BTSEL 32 A4 58 AD9 4 INT0 79 S6/CLKDIV2/ PIO29 19 A5 57 AD10 6 INT1/SELECT 78 SRDY/PIO6 69 A6 56 AD11 8 INT2/INTA0/PWD/ PIO31 77 TMRIN0/PIO11 98 A7 55 AD12 10 INT3/INTA1/IRQ 76 TMRIN1/PIO0 95 A8 54 AD13 13 INT4/PIO30 A9 53 AD14 16 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 A10 52 AD15 18 MCS0/PIO14 A11 51 ALE 30 MCS1/UCAS/ PIO15 A12 50 ARDY 31 MCS2/LCAS/PIO24 A13 49 BHE/ADEN 27 A14 48 CLKOUTA 39 A15 47 CLKOUTB 40 A16 46 CTS0/ENRX0/ PIO21 23 A17/PIO7 45 DEN/DS/PIO5 72 A A18/PIO8 43 DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 42 A19/PIO9 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 16 T F 75 TMROUT0/ PIO10 97 81 TMROUT1/PIO1 96 73 TXD0/PIO22 25 74 TXD1 21 91 UCS/ONCE1 80 92 UZI/PIO26 20 70 VCC 15 89 VCC 38 PCS1/PIO17 88 VCC 44 PCS2/CTS1/ ENRX1/PIO18 86 VCC 61 100 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1/ PIO19 85 VCC 84 DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 99 PCS5/A1/PIO3 83 VCC 90 1 DT/R/PIO4 71 PCS6/A2/PIO2 82 WHB 65 3 GND 12 RD 29 WLB 66 5 GND 35 RES 94 WR 28 7 GND 41 RTS0/RTR0/PIO20 26 X1 36 9 GND 64 RXD0/PIO23 24 X2 37 D R MCS3/RAS1/PIO25 NMI PCS0/PIO16 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y AD11 AD3 AD10 AD2 AD9 85 83 81 AD12 AD4 87 AD1 AD8 AD0 47 NMI DT/R 50 46 SRDY 49 45 HOLD DRQ0/INT5 DRQ1/INT6 TMRIN0 TMROUT0 TMROUT1 TMRIN1 RES GND MCS3/RAS1 MCS2/LCAS VCC PCS0 PCS1 GND PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1 VCC PCS5/A1 PCS6/A2 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 UCS/ONCE1 INT0 INT1/SELECT INT2/INTA0/PWD INT3/INTA1/IRQ INT4 MCS1/UCAS DEN/DS MCS0 44 HLDA 48 43 WHB WLB 42 41 40 VCC A1 A0 GND 39 38 A2 82 GND AD5 89 84 AD13 90 86 VCC AD6 92 88 AD7 AD14 94 91 AD15 95 93 S6/CLKDIV2 96 97 98 CTS0/ENRX0 RXD1 TXD1 UZI 99 D 37 A9 R 36 A19 A18 V CC A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A A3 CLKOUTB GND 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 T F Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers A4 V CC CLKOUTA 35 X1 X2 34 S0 GND A5 S2/BTSEL S1 33 ARDY A6 RD ALE 32 BHE/ADEN WR 31 TXD0 RTS0/RTR0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 A8 A7 RXD0 100 PQFP CONNECTION DIAGRAMS AND PINOUTS Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Top Side View—100-Pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP) Note: Pin 1 is marked for orientation. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 17 P R E L I M I N A R Y PQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS—Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Sorted by Pin Number Pin No. 18 Name Pin No. Name Pin No. Name Pin No. Name 1 RXD0/PIO23 26 A13 51 MCS1/UCAS/PIO15 76 DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 2 TXD0/PIO22 27 A12 52 INT4/PIO30 77 DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 3 RTS0/RTR0/ PIO20 28 A11 53 INT3/INTA1/IRQ 78 AD0 4 BHE/ADEN 29 A10 54 INT2/INTA0/PWD/ PIO31 79 AD8 5 WR 30 A9 55 INT1/SELECT 80 AD1 6 RD 31 A8 56 INT0 81 AD9 7 ALE 32 A7 57 UCS/ONCE1 82 AD2 8 ARDY 33 A6 58 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 83 AD10 9 S2/BTSEL 34 A5 59 PCS6/A2/PIO2 10 S1 35 A4 60 PCS5/A1/PIO3 11 S0 36 A3 61 VCC 12 GND 37 A2 62 13 X1 38 VCC 63 14 X2 39 A1 15 VCC 40 A0 16 CLKOUTA 41 GND 17 CLKOUTB 42 WHB 18 GND 43 19 A19/PIO9 44 20 A18/PIO8 45 HOLD A 21 VCC 46 22 A17/PIO7 47 23 A16 48 24 A15 25 A14 D T F 84 AD3 85 AD11 86 AD4 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1/ PIO19 87 AD12 PCS2/CTS1/ ENRX1/PIO18 88 AD5 89 GND 90 AD13 91 AD6 64 GND 65 PCS1/PIO17 66 PCS0/PIO16 67 VCC 92 VCC 68 MCS2/LCAS/PIO24 93 AD14 69 MCS3/RAS1/PIO25 94 AD7 70 GND 95 AD15 SRDY/PIO6 71 RES 96 S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 NMI 72 TMRIN1/PIO0 97 UZI/PIO26 DT/R/PIO4 73 TMROUT1/PIO1 98 TXD1/PIO27 49 DEN/DS/PIO5 74 TMROUT0/PIO10 99 RXD1/PIO28 50 MCS0/PIO14 75 TMRIN0/PIO11 100 CTS0/ENRX0/PIO21 R WLB HLDA Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y PQFP PIN DESIGNATIONS—Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Sorted by Pin Name Pin Name No. Pin Name No. Pin Name No. Pin Name No. A0 40 AD5 88 GND 70 RXD1/PIO28 99 A1 39 AD6 91 GND 89 S0 11 A2 37 AD7 94 HLDA 44 S1 10 A3 36 AD8 79 HOLD 45 S2/BTSEL 9 A4 35 AD9 81 INT0 56 S6/CLKDIV2/ PIO29 96 A5 34 AD10 83 INT1/SELECT 55 SRDY/PIO6 46 A6 33 AD11 85 INT2/INTA0/ PWD/PIO31 54 TMRIN0/PIO11 75 A7 32 AD12 87 INT3/INTA1/IRQ 53 TMRIN1/PIO0 72 A8 31 AD13 90 INT4/PIO30 A9 30 AD14 93 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 A10 29 AD15 95 MCS0/PIO14 A11 28 ALE 7 MCS1/UCAS/PIO15 A12 27 ARDY 8 MCS2/LCAS/PIO24 A13 26 BHE/ADEN 4 MCS3/RAS1/PIO25 A14 25 CLKOUTA 16 NMI A15 24 CLKOUTB 17 PCS0/PIO16 A16 23 CTS0/ENRX0/ PIO21 100 PCS1/PIO17 A17/PIO7 22 DEN/DS/PIO5 49 A18/PIO8 20 DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 A19/PIO9 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 T F 52 TMROUT0/ PIO10 74 58 TMROUT1/PIO1 73 50 TXD0/PIO22 2 51 TXD1/PIO27 98 68 UCS/ONCE1 57 69 UZI/PIO26 97 47 VCC 15 66 VCC 21 65 VCC 38 PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1/ PIO18 63 VCC 61 77 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1/ PIO19 62 VCC 67 A 19 DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 76 PCS5/A1/PIO3 60 VCC 92 78 DT/R/PIO4 48 PCS6/A2/PIO2 59 WHB 42 80 GND R 12 RD 6 WLB 43 82 GND 18 RES 71 WR 5 84 GND 41 RTS0/RTR0/PIO20 3 X1 13 86 GND 64 RXD0/PIO23 1 X2 14 D Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 19 P R E L I M I N A R Y LOGIC SYMBOL—Am186ED/EDLV MICROCONTROLLERS RES X1 DRQ1/INT6 X2 Clocks DRQ0/INT5 CLKOUTA CLKOUTB INT4 * INT3/INTA1/IRQ Reset Control and Interrupt Service INT2/INTA0/PWD * 20 A19–A0 16 AD15–AD0 * INT1/SELECT INT0 Address and Address/Data Buses * S6/CLKDIV2 * UZI PCS6/A2 * ALE PCS5/A1 * PCS3/RTS1/RTR1 * S2/BTSEL 2 S1–S0 PCS1–PCS0 HLDA LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 MCS3/RAS1 WR DT/R * DEN/DS * ARDY R SRDY * BHE/ADEN D Timer Control Programmable I/O Control A * 2 * Memory and Peripheral Control * MCS2/LCAS * MCS1/UCAS * MCS0 * UCS/ONCE1 DRQ1/INT6 * DRQ0/INT5 * TXD0 * RXD0 * CTS0/ENRX0 * RTS0/RTR0 * TXD1 * RXD1 * PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1 * PCS3/RTS1/RTR1 * DMA Control WHB WLB * TMRIN0 * TMROUT0 * TMRIN1 * TMROUT1 32 shared ** T F PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1 HOLD RD Bus Control NMI PIO32–PIO0 Asynchronous Serial Port Control Notes: * These signals are the normal function of a pin that can be used as a PIO. See Pin Descriptions beginning on page 21 and Table 2 on page 29 for information on shared function. ** All PIO signals are shared with other physical pins. 20 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pins That Are Used by Emulators The following pins are used by emulators: A19–A0, AD7–AD0, ALE, BHE/ADEN, CLKOUTA, RD, S2–S0, S6/CLKDIV2, and UZI. Many emulators require S6/CLKDIV2 and UZI to be configured in their normal functionality as S6 and UZI, not as PIOs. If BHE/ADEN is held Low during the rising edge of RES, S6 and UZI are configured in their normal functionality. Pin Terminology The following terms are used to describe the pins: Input—An input-only pin. Output—An output-only pin. Input/Output—A pin that can be either input or output (I/O). Synchronous—Synchronous inputs must meet setup and hold times in relation to CLKOUTA. Synchronous outputs are synchronous to CLKOUTA. Asynchronous—Inputs or outputs that are asynchronous to CLKOUTA. A19–A0 (A19/PIO9, A18/PIO8, A17/PIO7) Address Bus (output, three-state, synchronous) These pins supply nonmultiplexed memory or I/O addresses to the system one half of a CLKOUTA period earlier than the multiplexed address and data bus (AD15–AD0). During a bus hold or reset condition, the address bus is in a high-impedance state. R While the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers are directly connected to DRAM, A19–A0 will serve as the nonmultiplexed address bus for SRAM, FLASH, PROM, EPROM, and peripherals. The odd address pins (A17, A15, A13, A11, A9, A7, A5, A3, and A1) will have both the row and column address during a DRAM space access. The odd address signals connect directly to the row and column multiplexed address bus of the DRAM. The even address pins (A18, A16, A14, A12, A10, A8, A6, A4, A2, and A0) and A19 will have the initial address asserted during the full DRAM access. These signals will not transition during a DRAM access. D AD15–AD8 Address and Data Bus (input/output, three-state, synchronous, level-sensitive) AD15–AD8—These time-multiplexed pins supply memory or I/O addresses and data to the system. This bus can supply an address to the system during the first period of a bus cycle (t1). It supplies data to the system during the remaining periods of that cycle (t2, t3, and t4). The address phase of these pins can be disabled. See the ADEN description with the BHE/ADEN pin. When WHB is deasserted, these pins are three-stated during t2, t3, and t4. During a bus hold or reset condition, the address and data bus is in a high-impedance state. During a power-on reset, the address and data bus pins (AD15–AD0) can also be used to load system configuration information into the internal reset configuration register. When accesses are made to 8-bit-wide memory regions, AD15–AD8 drive their corresponding address signals throughout the access. If the disable address phase and 8-bit mode are selected (see the ADEN description with the BHE/ADEN pin), then AD15–AD8 are three-stated during t 1 and driven with their corresponding address signal from t2 to t4. AD7–AD0 T F Address and Data Bus (input/output, three-state, synchronous, level-sensitive) A These time-multiplexed pins supply partial memory or I/O addresses, as well as data, to the system. This bus supplies the low-order 8 bits of an address to the system during the first period of a bus cycle (t1), and it supplies data to the system during the remaining periods of that cycle (t2, t3, and t4). In 8-bit mode, AD7– AD0 supplies the data for both high and low bytes. The address phase of these pins can be disabled. See the ADEN pin description with the BHE/ADEN pin. When WLB is deasserted, these pins are three-stated during t2, t3, and t4. During a bus hold or reset condition, the address and data bus is in a high-impedance state. During a power-on reset, the address and data bus pins (AD15–AD0) can also be used to load system configuration information into the internal reset configuration register. ALE Address Latch Enable (output, synchronous) This pin indicates to the system that an address appears on the address and data bus (AD15–AD0). The address is guaranteed to be valid on the trailing edge of ALE. This pin is three-stated during ONCE mode. ALE is three-stated and held resistively Low during a bus hold condition. In addition, ALE has a weak internal pulldown resistor that is active during reset, so that an external device does not get a spurious ALE during reset. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 21 P R E L I M I N A R Y ARDY Asynchronous Ready (input, asynchronous, level-sensitive) This pin is a true asynchronous ready that indicates to the microcontroller that the addressed memory space or I/O device will complete a data transfer. The ARDY pin is asynchronous to CLKOUTA and is active High. To guarantee the number of wait states inserted, ARDY or SRDY must be synchronized to CLKOUTA. If the falling edge of ARDY is not synchronized to CLKOUTA as specified, an additional clock period can be added. To a l w a y s a s s e r t t h e r e a d y c o n d i t i o n t o t h e microcontroller, tie ARDY High. If the system does not use ARDY, tie the pin Low to yield control to SRDY. not drive the address during t1. There is a weak internal pullup resistor on BHE/ADEN so no external pullup is required. Disabling the address phase reduces power consumption. If BHE/ADEN is held Low on power-on reset, the AD bus drives both addresses and data, regardless of the DA bit setting. The pin is sampled on the rising edge of RE S . ( S 6 an d U Z I a l s o a s s u me th e i r n o r m al functionality in this instance. See Table 2 on page 29.) The internal pullup on ADEN is ~9 kohm. Note: For 8-bit accesses, AD15–AD8 are driven with addresses during the t2–t4 bus cycle, regardless of the setting of the DA bit in the UMCS and LMCS registers. CLKOUTA BHE/ADEN Clock Output A (output, synchronous) Bus High Enable (three-state, output, synchronous) Address Enable (input, internal pullup) This pin supplies the internal clock to the system. Depending on the value of the system configuration register (SYSCON), CLKOUTA operates at either the PLL frequency (X1), the power-save frequency, or is held Low. CLKOUTA remains active during reset and bus hold conditions. BHE—During a memory access, this pin and the leastsignificant address bit (AD0 or A0) indicate to the system which bytes of the data bus (upper, lower, or both) participate in a bus cycle. The BHE/ADEN and AD0 pins are encoded as shown in Table 1. CLKOUTB Table 1. Data Byte Encoding BHE AD0 Type of Bus Cycle 0 0 Word Transfer 0 1 High Byte Transfer (Bits 15–8) 1 0 Low Byte Transfer (Bits 7–0) 1 1 Reserved R BHE is asserted during t 1 and remains asserted through t3 and tW. BHE does not need to be latched. BHE floats during bus hold and reset. D WLB and WHB implement the functionality of BHE and AD0 for High and Low byte-write enables. UCAS and LCAS implement High and Low-byte selection for DRAM devices. BHE/ADEN also signals DRAM refresh cycles when using the multiplexed address and data (AD) bus. A refresh cycle is indicated when both BHE/ADEN and AD0 are High. During refresh cycles, the A bus is indeterminate and the AD bus is driven to FFFFh during the address phase of the AD bus cycle. For this reason, the A0 signal cannot be used in place of the AD0 signal to determine refresh cycles. ADEN—If BHE/ADEN is held High or left floating during power-on reset, the address portion of the AD bus (AD15–AD0) is enabled or disabled during LCS and UCS bus cycles based on the DA bit in the LMCS and UMCS registers. If the DA bit is set, the AD bus will 22 T F All AC timing specs that use a clock relate to CLKOUTA. A Clock Output B (output, synchronous) This pin supplies an additional clock with a delayed output compared to CLKOUTA. Depending upon the value of the system configuration register (SYSCON), CLKOUTB operates at either the PLL frequency (X1), the power-save frequency, or is held Low. CLKOUTB remains active during reset and bus hold conditions. CLKOUTB is not used for AC timing specs. CTS0/ENRX0/PIO21 Clear-to-Send 0 (input, asynchronous) Enable-Receiver-Request 0 (input, asynchronous) CTS0—This pin provides the Clear-to-Send signal for asynchronous serial port 0 when the ENRX0 bit in the AUXCON register is 0 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 0 control register is set). The CTS0 signal gates the transmission of data from the associated serial port transmit register. When CTS0 is asserted, the transmitter begins transmission of a frame of data, if any is available. If CTS0 is deasserted, the transmitter holds the data in the serial port transmit register. The value of CTS0 is checked only at the beginning of the transmission of the frame. ENRX0—This pin provides the Enable Receiver Request for asynchronous serial port 0 when the ENRX0 bit in the AUXCON register is 1 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y port 0 control register is set). The ENRX0 signal enables the receiver for the associated serial port. INT6 is edge-triggered only and must be held until the interrupt is acknowledged. DEN/DS/PIO5 DT/R/PIO4 Data Enable (output, three-state, synchronous) Data Strobe (output, three-state, synchronous) Data Transmit or Receive (output, three-state, synchronous) DEN—This pin supplies an output enable to an external data-bus transceiver. DEN is asserted during memory, I/O, and interrupt acknowledge cycles. DEN is deasserted when DT/R changes state. DEN floats during a bus hold or reset condition. This pin indicates in which direction data should flow through an external data-bus transceiver. When DT/R is asserted High, the microcontroller transmits data. When this pin is deasserted Low, the microcontroller receives data. DT/R floats during a bus hold or reset condition. DS—The data strobe provides a signal where the write cycle timing is identical to the read cycle timing. When used with other control signals, DS provides an interface for 68K-type peripherals without the need for additional system interface logic. When DS is asserted, addresses are valid. When DS is asserted on writes, data is valid. When DS is asserted on reads, data can be asserted on the AD bus. Note: This pin resets to DEN. DRQ0/INT5/PIO12 DMA Request 0 (input, synchronous, level-sensitive) Maskable Interrupt Request 5 (input, asynchronous, edge-triggered) DRQ0—This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an external device is ready for DMA channel 0 to perform a transfer. DRQ0 is level-triggered and internally synchronized. DRQ0 is not latched and must remain active until serviced. R INT5—If DMA 0 is not enabled or DMA 0 is not being used with external synchronization, INT5 can be used as an additional external interrupt request. INT5 shares the DMA 0 interrupt type (0Ah) and register control bits. D INT5 is edge-triggered only and must be held until the interrupt is acknowledged. DRQ1/INT6/PIO13 DMA Request 1 (input, synchronous, level-sensitive) Maskable Interrupt Request 6 (input, asynchronous, edge-triggered) DRQ1—This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an external device is ready for DMA channel 1 to perform a transfer. DRQ1 is level-triggered and internally synchronized. DRQ1 is not latched and must remain active until serviced. INT6—If DMA 1 is not enabled or DMA 1 is not being used with external synchronization, INT6 can be used as an additional external interrupt request. INT6 shares the DMA 1 interrupt type (0Bh) and register control bits. GND Ground Ground pins connect the microcontroller to the system ground. HLDA T F Bus Hold Acknowledge (output, synchronous) This pin is asserted High to indicate to an external bus master that the microcontroller has released control of the local bus. When an external bus master requests control of the local bus (by asserting HOLD), the microcontroller completes the bus cycle in progress. It then relinquishes control of the bus to the external bus master by asserting HLDA and floating DEN, RD, WR, S2–S0, AD15–AD0, S6, A19–A0, BHE, WHB, WLB, and DT/R. The following chip selects are three-stated (then will be held High with an ~10-kohm resistor): UCS, LCS, MCS3–MCS0, PCS6–PCS5, PCS3–PCS0, RAS0, RAS1, UCAS, and LCAS. ALE is also threestated (then will be held Low with an ~10-kohm resistor). A When the external bus master has finished using the local bus, it indicates this to the microcontroller by deasserting HOLD. The microcontroller responds by deasserting HLDA. If the microcontroller requires access to the bus (for example, to refresh), it will deassert HLDA before the external bus master deasserts HOLD. The external bus master must be able to deassert HOLD and allow the microcontroller access to the bus. See the timing diagrams for bus hold on page 86. HOLD Bus Hold Request (input, synchronous, level-sensitive) This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an external bus master needs control of the local bus. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers’ HOLD latency time, that is, the time between HOLD request and HOLD acknowledge, is a function of the activity occurring in the processor when the HOLD request is received. A HOLD request is second only to DRAM Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 23 P R E L I M I N A R Y refresh requests in priority of activity requests received by the processor. For more information, see the HLDA pin description on page 23. INT0 Maskable Interrupt Request 0 (input, asynchronous) This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. If the INT0 pin is not masked, the microcontroller transfers program execution to the location specified by the INT0 vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table. Interrupt requests are synchronized internally and can be edge-triggered or level-triggered. To guarantee interrupt recognition, the requesting device must continue asserting INT0 until the request is acknowledged. INT1/SELECT Maskable Interrupt Request 1 (input, asynchronous) Slave Select (input, asynchronous) INT1—This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. If INT1 is not masked, the microcontroller transfers program execution to the location specified by the INT1 vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table. Interrupt requests are synchronized internally and can be edge-triggered or level-triggered. To guarantee interrupt recognition, the requesting device must continue asserting INT1 until the request is acknowledged. R SELECT—When the microcontroller interrupt control unit is operating as a slave to an external interrupt controller, this pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt type appears on the address and data bus. The INT0 pin must indicate to the microcontroller that an interrupt has occurred before the SELECT pin indicates to the microcontroller that the interrupt type appears on the bus. D INT2/INTA0/PWD/PIO31 Maskable Interrupt Request 2 (input, asynchronous) Interrupt Acknowledge 0 (output, synchronous) Pulse Width Demodulator (input, Schmitt trigger) INT2—This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. If the INT2 pin is not masked, the microcontroller transfers program execution to the location specified by the INT2 vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table. Interrupt requests are synchronized internally and can be edge-triggered or level-triggered. To guarantee 24 interrupt recognition, the requesting device must continue asserting INT2 until the request is acknowledged. INT2 becomes INTA0 when INT0 is configured in cascade mode. INTA0—When the microcontroller interrupt control unit is operating in cascade mode, this pin indicates to the system that the microcontroller needs an interrupt type to process the interrupt request on INT0. The peripheral issuing the interrupt request must provide the microcontroller with the corresponding interrupt type. PWD—If pulse width demodulation is enabled, PWD processes a signal through the Schmitt trigger. PWD is used internally to drive TIMERIN0 and INT2, and PWD is inverted internally to drive TIMERIN1 and INT4. If INT2 and INT4 are enabled and timer 0 and timer 1 are properly configured, the pulse width of the alternating PWD signal can be calculated by comparing the values in timer 0 and timer 1. T F In PW D mo de, th e s i gn al s TIM ER IN0 /P IO 11 , TIMERIN1/PIO0, and INT4/PIO30 can be used as PIOs. If they are not used as PIOs, they are ignored internally. The level of INT2/INTA0/PWD/PIO31 is reflected in the PIO data register for PIO31 as if it was a PIO. A INT3/INTA1/IRQ Maskable Interrupt Request 3 (input, asynchronous) Interrupt Acknowledge 1 (output, synchronous) Slave Interrupt Request (output, synchronous) INT3—This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. If the INT3 pin is not masked, the microcontroller then transfers program execution to the location specified by the INT3 vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table. Interrupt requests are synchronized internally, and can be edge-triggered or level-triggered. To guarantee interrupt recognition, the requesting device must continue asserting INT3 until the request is acknowledged. INT3 becomes INTA1 when INT1 is configured in cascade mode. INTA1—When the microcontroller interrupt control unit is operating in cascade mode, this pin indicates to the system that the microcontroller needs an interrupt type to process the interrupt request on INT1. The peripheral issuing the interrupt request must provide the microcontroller with the corresponding interrupt type. IRQ—When the microcontroller interrupt control unit is operating as a slave to an external master interrupt controller, this pin lets the microcontroller issue an interrupt request to the external master interrupt controller. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y INT4/PIO30 MCS0/PIO14 Maskable Interrupt Request 4 (input, asynchronous) Midrange Memory Chip Select 0 (output, synchronous, internal pullup) This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. If the INT4 pin is not masked, the microcontroller then transfers program execution to the location specified by the INT4 vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table. This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the midrange memory block. The base address and size of the midrange memory block are programmable. MCS0 can be programmed as the chip select for the entire middle chip select address range. This mode is recommended when using DRAM since the MCS1, MCS2, and MCS3 chip selects function as RAS and CAS signals for the DRAM interface and are not available as chip selects. Interrupt requests are synchronized internally, and can be edge-triggered or level-triggered. To guarantee interrupt recognition, the requesting device must continue asserting INT4 until the request is acknowledged. When pulse width demodulation mode is enabled, the INT4 signal is used internally to indicate a High-to-Low transition on the PWD signal. When pulse width demodulation mode is enabled, INT4/PIO30 can be used as a PIO. T F MCS1/UCAS/PIO15 LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 Lower Memory Chip Select (output, synchronous, internal pullup) ONCE Mode Request 0 (input) Row Address Strobe 0 LCS—This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the lower memory block. The base address and size of the lower memory block are programmable up to 512 Kbytes. LCS is configured for 8-bit or 16-bit bus size by the auxiliary configuration register. R LCS is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, LCS has an ~9-kohm internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. ONCE0—During reset, this pin and ONCE1 indicate to the microcontroller the mode in which it should operate. ONCE0 and ONCE1 are sampled on the rising edge of RES. If both pins are asserted Low, the microcontroller enters ONCE mode; otherwise, it operates normally. D MCS0 is configured for 8-bit or 16-bit bus size by the auxiliary configuration register. MCS0 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, MCS0 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. In ONCE mode, all pins assume a high-impedance state and remain in that state until a subsequent reset occurs. To guarantee that the microcontroller does not inadvertently enter ONCE mode, ONCE0 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active only during reset. RAS0—This pin is the row address strobe for the lower DR A M b l o c k . T h e s el e c t i o n o f R A S 0 o r L C S functionality, along with their configurations, are set using the LMCS register. RAS0 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, RAS0 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. Midrange Memory Chip Select (output, synchronous, internal pullup) Upper Column Address Strobe This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the midrange memory block. The base address and size of the midrange memory block are programmable. MCS1 is configured for 8-bit or 16-bit bus size via the auxiliary configuration register. A MCS1 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, MCS1 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. If MCS0 is programmed to be active for the entire middle chip-select range, then this signal is available as a PIO or a DRAM control. If this signal is not programmed as a PIO or DRAM control and if MCS0 is programmed for the entire middle chip-select range, this signal operates normally. UCAS—When either bank of DRAM is activated, the UCAS functionality is enabled. The UCAS activates when the DRAM access is for the AD15–AD8 byte. UCAS also activates at the start of a DRAM refresh access. UCAS is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, UCAS has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. MCS2/LCAS/PIO24 Midrange Memory Chip Select (output, synchronous, internal pullup) Lower Column Address Strobe This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the midrange memory block. The base address and size of Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 25 P R E L I M I N A R Y the midrange memory block are programmable. MCS2 is configured for 8-bit or 16-bit bus size via the auxiliary configuration register. NMI MCS2 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, it has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. This pin indicates to the microcontroller that an interrupt request has occurred. The NMI signal is the highest priority hardware interrupt and, unlike the INT6–INT0 pins, cannot be masked. The microcontroller always transfers program execution to the location specified by the nonmaskable interrupt vector in the microcontroller interrupt vector table when NMI is asserted. If MCS0 is programmed to be active for the entire middle chip-select range, then this signal is available as a PIO or a DRAM control. If this pin is not programmed as a PIO or DRAM control and if MCS0 is programmed for the whole middle chip-select range, this signal operates normally. LCAS—When either bank of DRAM is activated, the LCAS functionality is enabled. The LCAS activates when the DRAM access is for the AD7–AD0 byte. LCAS also activates at the start of a DRAM refresh access. LCAS is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, LCAS has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. MCS3/RAS1/PIO25 Midrange Memory Chip Select 3 (output, synchronous, internal pullup) Row Address Strobe 1 (output, synchronous) MCS3—This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the fourth region of the midrange memory block. The base address and size of the mid-range memory block are programmable. MCS3 is configured for 8-bit or 16-bit bus size by the auxiliary configuration register. R MCS3 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, this pin has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. D If MCS0 is programmed for the entire middle chipselect range, then this signal is available as a PIO or a DRAM control. If MCS3 is not programmed as a PIO or DRAM control and if MCS0 is programmed for the entire middle chip-select range, this signal operates normally. RAS1—This pin is the row address strobe for the upper DR AM b l oc k . T h e se l ec t i on o f R A S 1 o r U CS functionality, along with their configurations, are set using the UMCS register. When RAS1 is activated, the code activating RAS1 must not reside in the UCS memory block. When RAS1 is activated, UCS is automatically deactivated and remains negated. RAS1 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, RAS1 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. 26 Nonmaskable Interrupt (input, synchronous, edge-sensitive) Although NMI is the highest priority interrupt source, it does not participate in the priority resolution process of the maskable interrupts. There is no bit associated with NMI in the interrupt in-service or interrupt request registers. This means that a new NMI request can interrupt an executing NMI interrupt service routine. As with all hardware interrupts, the IF (interrupt flag) is cleared when the processor takes the interrupt, disabling the maskable interrupt sources. However, if maskable interrupts are re-enabled by software in the NMI interrupt service routine, via the STI instruction for example, the fact that an NMI is currently in service does not have any effect on the priority resolution of maskable interrupt requests. For this reason, it is strongly advised that the interrupt service routine for NMI should not enable the maskable interrupts. A T F An NMI transition from Low to High is latched and synchronized internally, and it initiates the interrupt at the next instruction boundary. To guarantee that the interrupt is recognized, the NMI pin must be asserted for at least one CLKOUTA period. PCS1/PIO17, PCS0/PIO16 Peripheral Chip Selects (output, synchronous) These pins indicate to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the peripheral memory block (either I/O or memory address space). The base address of the peripheral memory block is programmable. The PCS chip selects can overlap either block of DRAM. The PCS chip selects must have the same or greater number of wait states as the bank of DRAM they overlap. The PCS signals take precedence over DRAM accesses when DRAM and memory-mapped peripherals overlap. PCS1–PCS0 are three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, PCS1–PCS0 each have a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Note also that each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256byte address range, which is twice the address range Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. PCS0–PCS1 also have extended wait state options. PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1/PIO18 Peripheral Chip Select 2 (output, synchronous) Clear-to-Send 1 (input, asynchronous) Enable-Receiver-Request 1 (input, asynchronous) PCS2—This pin provides the Peripheral Chip Select 2 signal to the system when hardware flow control is not enabled for asynchronous serial port 1. The PCS2 signal indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the peripheral memory block (either I/O or memory address space). The base address of the peripheral memory block is programmable. The PCS chip selects can overlap either block of DRAM. The PCS chip selects must have the same or greater number of wait states as the bank of DRAM they overlap. The PCS signals take precedence over DRAM accesses when DRAM and memory-mapped peripherals overlap. PCS2 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, PCS2 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Note also that each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256byte address range, which is twice the address range covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. PCS2 also has extended wait state options. R CTS1—This pin provides the Clear-to-Send signal for asynchronous serial port 1 when the ENRX1 bit in the AUXCON register is 0 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 1 control register is set). The CTS1 signal gates the transmission of data from the associated serial port transmit register. When CTS1 is asserted, the transmitter begins transmission of a frame of data, if any is available. If CTS1 is deasserted, the transmitter holds the data in the serial port transmit register. The value of CTS1 is checked only at the beginning of the transmission of the frame. D ENRX1—This pin provides the Enable Receiver Request for asynchronous serial port 1 when the ENRX1 bit in the AUXCON register is 1 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 1 control register is set). The ENRX1 signal enables the receiver for the associated serial port. PCS3/RTS1/RTR1/PIO19 Peripheral Chip Select 3 (output, synchronous) Ready-to-Send 1 (output, asynchronous) Ready-to-Receive 1 (output, asynchronous) PCS3—This pin provides the Peripheral Chip Select 3 signal to the system when hardware flow control is not enabled for asynchronous serial port 1. The PCS3 signal indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the corresponding region of the peripheral memory block (either I/O or memory address space). The base address of the peripheral memory block is programmable. The PCS chip selects can overlap either block of DRAM. The PCS chip selects must have the same or greater number of wait states as the bank of DRAM they overlap. The PCS signals take precedence over DRAM accesses when DRAM and memory-mapped peripherals overlap. T F PCS3 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, PCS3 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Note also that each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256byte address range, which is twice the address range covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. PCS3 also has extended wait state options. A RTS1—This pin provides the Ready-to-Send signal for asynchronous serial port 1 when the RTS1 bit in the AUXCON register is 1 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 1 control register is set). The RTS1 signal is asserted when the associated serial port transmit register contains data which has not been transmitted. RTR1—This pin provides the Ready-to-Receive signal for asynchronous serial port 1 when the RTS1 bit in the AUXCON register is 0 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 1 control register is set). The RTR1 signal is asserted when the associated serial port receive register does not contain valid, unread data. PCS5/A1/PIO3 Peripheral Chip Select 5 (output, synchronous) Latched Address Bit 1 (output, synchronous) PCS5—This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the sixth region of the peripheral memory block (either I/O or memory address space). The base address of the peripheral memory block is programmable. The PCS chip selects can overlap either block of DRAM. The PCS chip selects must have the same or greater number of wait states as the bank of DRAM Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 27 P R E L I M I N A R Y they overlap. The PCS signals take precedence over DRAM accesses when DRAM and memory-mapped peripherals overlap. PCS5 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, PCS5 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Note also that each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256byte address range, which is twice the address range covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. PCS5 also has extended wait state options. A1—When the EX bit in the MCS and PCS auxiliary register is 0, this pin supplies an internally latched address bit 1 to the system. During a bus hold condition, A1 retains its previously latched value. PCS6/A2/PIO2 After power-on reset, the PIO pins default to various configurations. The column titled Power-On Reset Status in Table 2 and Table 3 lists the defaults for the PIOs. Most of the PIO pins are configured as PIO inputs with pullup after power-on reset. The system initialization code must reconfigure any PIO pins as required. The A19–A17 address pins default to normal operation on power-on reset, allowing the processor to correctly begin fetching instructions at the boot address FFFF0h. The DT/R, DEN, and SRDY pins also default to normal operation on power-on reset. PIO15 and PIO24 should be set to normal operation before enabling either bank of DRAM. PIO25 should be set to normal operation before enabling the upper bank of DRAM. RD Peripheral Chip Select 6 (output, synchronous) Latched Address Bit 2 (output, synchronous) PCS6—This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the seventh region of the peripheral memory block (either I/O or memory address space). The base address of the peripheral memory block is programmable. The PCS chip selects can overlap either block of DRAM. The PCS chip selects must have the same or greater number of wait states as the bank of DRAM they overlap. The PCS signals take precedence over DRAM accesses when DRAM and memory-mapped peripherals overlap. R PCS6 is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, PCS6 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. D pullup or pulldown. The pins that are multiplexed with PIO31–PIO0 are listed in Table 2 and Table 3. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Note also that each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256byte address range, which is twice the address range covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. PCS6 also has extended wait state options. A2—When the EX bit in the MCS and PCS auxiliary register is 0, this pin supplies an internally latched address bit 2 to the system. During a bus hold condition, A2 retains its previously latched value. RD—This pin indicates to the system that the microcontroller is performing a memory or I/O read cycle. RD is guaranteed to not be asserted before the address and data bus is floated during the address-todata transition. RD floats during a bus hold condition. A RES Reset (input, asynchronous, level-sensitive) This pin requires the microcontroller to perform a reset. When RES is asserted, the microcontroller immediately terminates its present activity, clears its internal logic, and transfers CPU control to the reset address, FFFF0h. RES must be held Low for at least 1 ms. RES can be asserted asynchronously to CLKOUTA because RES is synchronized internally. For proper initialization, VCC must be within specifications, and CLK O UTA mu st b e s tab le fo r m or e th an fo ur CLKOUTA periods during which RES is asserted. The microcontroller begins fetching instructions approximately 6.5 CLKOUTA periods after RES is deasserted. This input is provided with a Schmitt trigger to facilitate power-on RES generation via an RC network. PIO31–PIO0 (Shared) Programmable I/O Pins (input/output, asynchronous, open-drain) The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide 32 individually programmable I/O pins. Each PIO can be programmed with the following attributes: PIO function (enabled/disabled), direction (input/output), and weak 28 T F Read Strobe (output, synchronous, three-state) Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 2. Numeric PIO Pin Designations PIO No Associated Pin Power-On Reset Status Table 3. Alphabetic PIO Pin Designations Associated Pin PIO No Power-On Reset Status (1) 7 Normal operation(3) 0 TMRIN1 Input with pullup A17 1 TMROUT1 Input with pulldown A18(1) 8 Normal operation(3) (1) 9 Normal operation(3) CTS0/ENRX0 21 Input with pullup 2 PCS6/A2 Input with pullup 3 PCS5/A1 Input with pullup A19 4 DT/R Normal operation DEN/DS 5 Normal operation(3) 5 DEN/DS Normal operation(3) DRQ0/INT5 12 Input with pullup (4) DRQ1/INT6 13 Input with pullup (3) 6 SRDY (3) Normal operation (1) A17 Normal operation DT/R 4 Normal operation(3) 8(1) A18 Normal operation(3) INT2/INTA0/PWD 31 Input with pullup 9(1) A19 Normal operation(3) INT4 30 Input with pullup 10 TMROUT0 Input with pulldown MCS0 14 Input with pullup 11 TMRIN0 Input with pullup MCS1/UCAS 15 Input with pullup 12 DRQ0/INT5 Input with pullup MCS2/LCAS 13 DRQ1/INT6 Input with pullup MCS3/RAS1 14 MCS0 Input with pullup PCS0 15 MCS1/UCAS Input with pullup PCS1 16 PCS0 Input with pullup 17 PCS1 Input with pullup 18 PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1 Input with pullup PCS5/A1 19 PCS3/RTS1/RTR1 Input with pullup 7 Input with pullup 25 Input with pullup 16 Input with pullup 17 Input with pullup PCS2/CTS1/ENRX1 18 Input with pullup PCS3/RTS1/RTR1 19 Input with pullup 3 Input with pullup 2 Input with pullup 20 Input with pullup 23 Input with pullup 28 Input with pullup S6/CLKDIV2 29 Input with pullup SRDY 6 Normal operation(4) TMRIN0 11 Input with pullup TMRIN1 0 Input with pullup Input with pullup TMROUT0 10 Input with pulldown 20 RTS0/RTR0 Input with pullup 21 CTS0/ENRX0 Input with pullup 22 TXD0 Input with pullup R 23 RXD0 Input with pullup 24 MCS2/LCAS Input with pullup 25 MCS3/RAS1 Input with pullup UZI Input with pullup (1,2) 26 D T F 24 A PCS6/A2 RTS0/RTR0 RXD0 RXD1 (1,2) 27 TXD1 28 RXD1 Input with pullup TMROUT1 1 Input with pulldown S6/CLKDIV2 Input with pullup TXD0 22 Input with pullup INT4 Input with pullup TXD1 27 Input with pullup 26 Input with pullup 29(1,2) 30 31 Notes: INT2/INTA0/PWD Input with pullup UZI (1,2) The following notes apply to both tables. 1. These pins are used by many emulators. (Emulators also use S2–S0, RES, NMI, CLKOUTA, BHE, ALE, AD15– AD0, and A16–A0.) 2. These pins revert to normal operation if BHE/ADEN is held Low during power-on reset. 3. When used as a PIO, input with pullup option available. 4. When used as a PIO, input with pulldown option available. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 29 P R E L I M I N A R Y RTS0/RTR0/PIO20 S1–S0 Ready-to-Send 0 (output, asynchronous) Ready-to-Receive 0 (output, asynchronous) Bus Cycle Status (output, three-state, synchronous) RTS0—This pin provides the Ready-to-Send signal for asynchronous serial port 0 when the RTS0 bit in the AUXCON register is 1 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 0 control register is set). The RTS0 signal is asserted when the associated serial port transmit register contains data that has not been transmitted. These pins indicate to the system the type of bus cycle in progress. S1 can be used as a data transmit or receive indicator. S1–S0 float during bus hold and hold acknowledge conditions. The S2–S0 pins are encoded as shown in Table 4. RTR0—This pin provides the Ready-to-Receive signal for asynchronous serial port 0 when the RTS0 bit in the AUXCON register is 0 and hardware flow control is enabled for the port (FC bit in the serial port 0 control register is set). The RTR0 signal is asserted when the associated serial port receive register does not contain valid, unread data. Table 4. Bus Cycle Encoding S2/BTSEL S1 S0 0 0 0 Interrupt acknowledge 0 0 1 Read data from I/O 0 1 0 Write data to I/O 0 1 1 Halt RXD0/PIO23 1 0 0 Instruction fetch Receive Data 0 (input, asynchronous) 1 0 1 Read data from memory This pin supplies asynchronous serial receive data from the system to asynchronous serial port 0. 1 1 0 Write data to memory 1 1 1 None (passive) RXD1/PIO28 Receive Data 1 (input, asynchronous) This pin supplies asynchronous serial receive data from the system to asynchronous serial port 1. S2/BTSEL Bus Cycle Status (output, three-state, synchronous) Boot Mode Select R S2—This pin indicates to the system the type of bus cycle in progress. S2 can be used as a logical memory or I/O indicator. S2–S0 float during bus hold and hold acknowledge conditions. The S2–S0 pins are encoded as shown in Table 4. D BTSEL—The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers can boot from 8- or 16-bit wide nonvolatile memory, based on the state of the BTSEL pin. If BTSEL is pulled High or left floating, an internal pullup sets the boot mode option to 16-bit. If BTSEL is pulled resistively Low during reset, the 8-bit boot mode option is selected. The status of the BTSEL pin is latched on the rising edge of reset. If 8-bit mode is selected, the width of the memory region associated with UCS can be changed in the AUXCON register. This signal should never be tied to VCC or VSS directly since this pin is driven during normal operation. This signal should be tied Low with an external resistor if the 8-bit boot mode is to be used. The internal pullup resistor on BTSEL is ~9 kohm. 30 Bus Cycle T F S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 A Bus Cycle Status Bit 6 (output, synchronous) Clock Divide by 2 (input, internal pullup) S6—During the second and remaining periods of a cycle (t2, t3, and t4), this pin is asserted High to indicate a DMA-initiated bus cycle. During a bus hold or reset condition, S6 floats. CLKDIV2—If S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 is held Low during power-on reset, the chip enters clock divided by 2 mode where the processor clock is derived by dividing the external clock input by 2. If this mode is selected, the PLL is disabled. The pin is sampled on the rising edge of RES. If S6 is to be used as PIO29 in input mode, the device driving PIO29 must not drive the pin Low during poweron reset. S6/CLKDIV2/PIO29 defaults to a PIO input with pullup, so the pin does not need to be driven High externally. SRDY/PIO6 Synchronous Ready (input, synchronous, level-sensitive) This pin indicates to the microcontroller that the addressed memory space or I/O device will complete a data transfer. The SRDY pin accepts an active High input synchronized to CLKOUTA. Using SRDY instead of ARDY allows a relaxed system timing because of the elimination of the one-half clock period required to internally synchronize ARDY. To always assert the ready condition to the Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y microcontroller, tie SRDY High. If the system does not use SRDY, tie the pin Low to yield control to ARDY. TMRIN0/PIO11 Timer Input 0 (input, synchronous, edge-sensitive) This pin supplies a clock or control signal to the internal microcontroller timer 0. After internally synchronizing a Low-to-High transition on TMRIN0, the microcontroller increments the timer. TMRIN0 must be tied High if not being used. When PIO11 is enabled, TMRIN0 is pulled High internally. TMRIN0 is driven internally by INT2/INTA0/PWD when pulse width demodulation mode is enabled. The TMRIN0/PIO11 pin can be used as a PIO when pulse width demodulation mode is enabled. TMRIN1/PIO0 Timer Input 1 (input, synchronous, edge-sensitive) This pin supplies a clock or control signal to the internal microcontroller timer 1. After internally synchronizing a Low-to-High transition on TMRIN1, the microcontroller increments the timer. TMRIN1 must be tied High if not being used. When PIO0 is enabled, TMRIN1 is pulled High internally. TMRIN1 is driven internally by INT2/INTA0/PWD when pulse width demodulation mode is enabled. The TMRIN1/PIO0 pin can be used as a PIO when pulse width demodulation mode is enabled. TMROUT0/PIO10 Timer Output 0 (output, synchronous) R This pin supplies the system with either a single pulse or a continuous waveform with a programmable duty cycle. TMROUT0 is floated during a bus hold or reset. UCS/ONCE1 Upper Memory Chip Select (output, synchronous) ONCE Mode Request 1 (input, internal pullup) UCS—This pin indicates to the system that a memory access is in progress to the upper memory block. The base address and size of the upper memory block are programmable up to 512 Kbytes. UCS is three-stated and held resistively High during a bus hold condition. In addition, UCS has an ~9-kohm internal pullup resistor that is active during reset. After reset, UCS is active for the 64 Kbyte memory range from F0000h to FFFFFh, including the reset address of FFFF0h. When RAS1 is activated, the code activating RAS1 must not reside in the UCS memory block. When RAS1 is activated, UCS is automatically deactivated and remains negated. This allows code to boot from UCS, copy its code to another memory device, then activate a DRAM bank in place of the UCS memory block. T F ONCE1—During reset, this pin and LCS/ONCE0 indicate to the microcontroller the mode in which it should operate. ONCE0 and ONCE1 are sampled on the rising edge of RES. If both pins are asserted Low, the microcontroller enters ONCE mode. Otherwise, it operates normally. In ONCE mode, all pins assume a high-impedance state and remain in that state until a subsequent reset occurs. To guarantee that the microcontroller does not inadvertently enter ONCE mode, ONCE1 has a weak internal pullup resistor that is active only during a reset. A UZI/PIO26 Upper Zero Indicate (output, synchronous) This pin supplies the system with either a single pulse or a continuous waveform with a programmable duty cycle. TMROUT1 floats during a bus hold or reset. This pin lets the designer determine if an access to the interrupt vector table is in progress by ORing it with bits 15–10 of the address and data bus (AD15–AD10). UZI is the logical AND of the inverted A19–A16 bits. It asserts in the first period of a bus cycle and is held throughout the cycle. TXD0/PIO22 VCC Transmit Data 0 (output, asynchronous) Power Supply (input) This pin supplies asynchronous serial transmit data to the system from serial port 0. These pins supply power (+5 V) to the microcontroller. TXD1/PIO27 Write High Byte (output, three-state, synchronous) Transmit Data 1 (output, asynchronous) This pin and WLB indicate to the system which bytes of the data bus (upper, lower, or both) participate in a write cycle. In 80C186 microcontroller designs, information is provided by BHE, AD0, and WR. However, by using WHB and WLB, the standard system interface logic and external address latch that were required are eliminated. TMROUT1/PIO1 D Timer Output 1 (output, synchronous) This pin supplies asynchronous serial transmit data to the system from serial port 1. WHB Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 31 P R E L I M I N A R Y WHB is asserted with AD15–AD8. WHB is the logical OR of BHE and WR. This pin floats during reset. WLB Write Low Byte (output, three-state, synchronous) WLB—This pin and WHB indicate to the system which bytes of the data bus (upper, lower, or both) participate in a write cycle. In 80C186 microcontroller designs, this information is provided by BHE, AD0, and WR. However, by using WHB and WLB, the standard system interface logic and external address latch that were required are eliminated. WLB is asserted with AD7–AD0. WLB is the logical OR of AD0 and WR. This pin floats during reset. WR Write Strobe (output, synchronous) WR—This pin indicates to the system that the data on the bus is to be written to a memory or I/O device. WR floats during a bus hold or reset condition. WR should be used for DRAM write enable. X1 Crystal Input (input) This pin and the X2 pin provide connections for a fundamental mode or third-overtone, parallel-resonant crystal used by the internal oscillator circuit. To provide the microcontroller with an external clock source, connect the source to the X1 pin and leave the X2 pin unconnected. X2 Crystal Output (output) R This pin and the X1 pin provide connections for a fundamental mode or third-overtone, parallel-resonant crystal used by the internal oscillator circuit. To provide the microcontroller with an external clock source, leave the X2 pin unconnected and connect the source to the X1 pin. D 32 A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers are based on the architecture of the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers function in the enhanced mode of earlier generations of 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. Enhanced mode includes system features such as power-save control. ment register used for physical address generation is implied by the addressing mode used (see Table 5). Shift Left 4 Bits Each of the 8086, 8088, 80186, and 80188 microcontrollers contains the same basic set of registers, instructions, and addressing modes. The Am186ED/ EDLV microcontrollers are backward-compatible with the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. A full description of all the Am186ED/EDLV microcontroller registers and instructions is included in the Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers User’s Manual, order# 21335A. 1 All instructions that address operands in memory must specify the segment value and the 16-bit offset value. For speed and compact instruction encoding, the seg- D R Table 5. A 4 19 2 A 0 15 0 2 4 Segment Logical 0 Base Address 2 Offset 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 1 2 A Memory Organization Memory is organized in sets of segments. Each segment is a linear contiguous sequence of 64K (216) 8-bit bytes. Memory is addressed using a two-component address that consists of a 16-bit segment value and a 16-bit offset. The 16-bit segment values are contained in one of four internal segment registers (CS, DS, SS, or ES). The physical address is calculated by shifting the segment value left by 4 bits and adding the 16-bit offset value to yield a 20-bit physical address (see Figure 3). This allows for a 1-Mbyte physical address size. 2 1 15 19 2 2 0 T F 6 2 Physical Address 0 To Memory Figure 3. Two-Component Address I/O Space A The I/O space consists of 64K 8-bit or 32K 16-bit ports. Separate instructions (IN, INS and OUT, OUTS) address the I/O space with either an 8-bit port address specified in the instruction, or a 16-bit port address in the DX register. Eight-bit port addresses are zero-extended such that A15–A8 are Low. I/O port addresses 00F8h through 00FFh are reserved. Segment Register Selection Rules Memory Reference Needed Segment Register Used Instructions Code (CS) Instructions (including immediate data) Local Data Data (DS) All data references Stack Stack (SS) All stack pushes and pops; any memory references that use BP Register External Data (Global) Extra (ES) All string instruction references that use the DI Register as an index Implicit Segment Selection Rule Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 33 P R E L I M I N A R Y BUS OPERATION for all accesses, thus preserving the industry-standard 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers’ multiplexed address bus and providing support for existing emulation tools. The industry-standard 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers use a multiplexed address and data (AD) bus. The address is present on the AD bus only during the t1 clock phase. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers continue to provide the multiplexed AD bus and, in addition, provides a nonmultiplexed address (A) bus. The A bus provides an address to the system for the complete bus cycle (t1–t4). The following diagrams show the bus cycles of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers when the address bus disable feature is in effect: Figure 4 shows the affected signals during a normal read or write operation for 16-bit mode. The address and data are multiplexed onto the AD bus. For systems where power consumption is a concern, it is possible to disable the address from being driven on the AD bus during the normal address portion of the bus cycle for accesses to RAS0, RAS1, UCS, and/or LCS address spaces. In this mode, the affected bus is placed in a high-impedance state during the address portion of the bus cycle. This feature is enabled through the DA bits in the UMCS and LMCS registers. When address disable is in effect, the number of signals that assert on the bus during all normal bus cycles to the associated address space is reduced, decreasing power consumption and reducing processor switching noise. In 8-bit mode, the address is driven on AD15–AD8 during the data portion of the bus cycle regardless of the setting of the DA bits. If the ADEN pin is pulled Low during processor reset, the value of the DA bits in the UMCS and LMCS registers is ignored and the address is driven on the AD bus R t1 Address Phase D CLKOUTA A19–A0 Figure 5 shows a 16-bit mode bus cycle when address bus disable is in effect. This results in the AD bus operating in a nonmultiplexed address/data mode. The A bus has the address during a read or write operation. Figure 6 shows the affected signals during a normal read or write operation for 8-bit mode. The multiplexed address/data mode is compatible with the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers and might be used to take advantage of existing logic or peripherals. A AD15–AD0 (Read) Address AD15–AD0 (Write) Address T F Figure 7 shows an 8-bit mode bus cycle when address bus disable is in effect. The address and data are not multiplexed. The AD7–AD0 signals have only data on the bus, while the AD bus has the address during a read or write operation. t2 t3 t4 Data Phase Address Data Data LCS or UCS or MCSx, PCSx Note: For a detailed description of DRAM control signals, see DRAM switching characteristics beginning on page 70. Figure 4. 34 16-Bit Mode—Normal Read and Write Operation Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y t1 Address Phase t2 t3 Data Phase t4 CLKOUTA Address A19–A0 AD15–AD0 (Read) Data AD15–AD0 (Write) Data LCS, or UCS or MCSx, PCSx T F Note: For a detailed description of DRAM control signals, see DRAM switching characteristics beginning on page 70. Figure 5. 16-Bit Mode—Read and Write with Address Bus Disable In Effect t1 Address Phase CLKOUTA A19–A0 D AD7–AD0 (Read) R A t3 t4 Data Phase Address Address AD15–AD8 (Read or Write) AD7–AD0 (Write) t2 Data Address Address Data LCS or UCS or MCSx, PCSx Figure 6. 8-Bit Mode—Normal Read and Write Operation Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 35 P R E L I M I N A R Y t1 t2 Address Phase t3 t4 Data Phase CLKOUTA A19–A0 Address AD7–AD0 (Read) Data AD15–AD8 Address AD7–AD0 (Write) Data LCS, or UCS or MCSx, PCSx T F Figure 7. 8-Bit Mode—Read and Write with Address Bus Disable in Effect BUS INTERFACE UNIT The bus interface unit controls all accesses to external peripherals and memory devices. External accesses include those to memory devices, as well as those to memory-mapped and I/O-mapped peripherals and the peripheral control block. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide an enhanced bus interface unit with the following features: n A nonmultiplexed address bus D n DRAM address multiplexing R n A static bus-sizing option for 8-bit and 16-bit memory and I/O n Separate byte write enables and CAS for High and Low bytes n Data strobe bus interface option The standard 80C186/188 microcontroller multiplexed address and data bus requires system interface logic and an external address latch. On the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers, new byte write enables, DRAM control logic, and a new nonmultiplexed address bus can reduce design costs by eliminating this external logic. The standard 80C186/188 microcontroller required external DRAM controller logic and DRAM address multiplex circuitry for interfacing to DRAM. On the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers, the integrated DRAM controller and internal address multiplexing can reduce design costs by eliminating this external logic. 36 A Further, system costs can be reduced for systems using more than 64K of RAM by replacing SRAM with less expensive DRAM. Nonmultiplexed Address Bus The nonmultiplexed address bus (A19–A0) is valid one-half CLKOUTA cycle in advance of the address on the AD bus. When used in conjunction with the modified UCS and LCS outputs and the byte-write enable signals, the A19–A0 bus provides a seamless interface to SRAM, and Flash EPROM memory systems. DRAM Address Multiplexing The A19–A0 address bus also provides the addresses for the DRAM. When RAS0 or RAS1 asserts for a read or write, all the address signals are valid. This allows the DRAM to latch the odd addresses into the row address. Before the UCAS and/or LCAS asserts, the odd addresses A17–A1 change to reflect the even addresses. This allows the DRAM to latch in the even addresses into the column address. During a refresh cycle, the entire A19–A0 address bus is stable but undefined. The internal address and that reflected on the AD bus is all 1s. The DRAM pin interface is shown in Table 6. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 6. DRAM Pin Interface AM186ED/EDLV Microcontroller Pins DRAM Pin A1 MA0 A3 MA1 A5 MA2 A7 MA3 A9 MA4 A11 MA5 A13 MA6 A15 MA7 A17 MA8 The byte-write enables are driven in conjunction with the nonmultiplexed address bus as required for the write timing requirements of common SRAMs. Data Strobe Bus Interface Option RAS (Bank 0) RAS1 RAS (Bank 1) UCAS UCAS (AD15–AD8 Byte) LCAS LCAS (AD7–AD0 Byte) OE WR WE The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide the WHB (Write High Byte) and WLB (Write Low Byte) signals, which act as byte-write enables. WHB is the logical OR of BHE and WR. WHB is Low when BHE and WR are both Low. WLB is the logical OR of A0 and WR. WLB is Low when A0 and WR are both Low. RAS0 RD Byte-Write Enables The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide an asynchronous bus interface that allows the use of 68Ktype peripherals. This implementation combines a DS data strobe signal (multiplexed with DEN) with an asynchronous ARDY ready input. When DS is asserted, the data and address signals are valid. T F A chip select signal, ARDY, DS, and other control signals (RD/WR) can control the interface of 68K-type external peripherals to the AD bus. Programmable Bus Sizing DRAM INTERFACE The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers allow programmability for data bus widths through fields in the Auxiliary Configuration Register (AUXCON) , as shown in Table 7. The USIZ bit in AUXCON is only configurable if the boot mode is 8-bit at reset. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers support up to two banks of DRAM. The use of DRAM can significantly reduce the memory costs for applications using more than 64K of RAM. No performance is lost except for the slight overhead of periodically refreshing the DRAM. The lower bank of DRAM uses the LCS space. The upper bank of DRAM uses the UCS space. Either, neither, or both banks can be activated. When either bank is activated, the UCAS and LCAS are enabled, and the DRAM address multiplexing is enabled on the A19–A0 bus. When DRAM is activated, the corresponding memory bus size should be set to 16-bit. The use of 8-bit-wide DRAM is not supported. All refreshes to DRAM are 7 clocks long. The refreshes must be separately enabled in the RCU. The width of the data access should not be modified while the processor is fetching instructions from the associated address space. R Table 7. Programming the Bus Width of Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Space AUXCON Field Value UCS D Bus Width USIZ 0 16 bits 1 8 bits 0 16 bits 1 8 bits IOSIZ 0 16 bits 1 8 bits 0 16 bits 1 8 bits LCS I/O Other LSIZ MSIZ Comments Dependent on boot option1 Default Default Default A The improved memory timing specifications of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers allow for zero-waitstate operation using 50-ns DRAM at a 40-MHz clock speed. 60-ns DRAM requires one wait state at 40 MHz and zero wait states at 33 MHz and below. 70-ns DRAM requires two wait states at 40 MHz, one wait state at 33 MHz, and zero wait states at 25 MHz and below. This reduces overall system cost by enabling the use of commonly available memory speeds and taking advantage of DRAM’s lower cost per bit over SRAM. Note: 1. UCS width on reset is determined by the S2/BTSEL pin. If UCS boots as a 16-bit space, it is not re-configurable to 8-bit. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 37 P R E L I M I N A R Y PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK The integrated peripherals of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers are controlled by 16-bit read/write registers. The peripheral registers are contained within an internal 256-byte peripheral control block (PCB). The registers are physically located in the peripheral devices they control, but they are addressed as a single 256-byte block. Table 8 shows a map of these registers. Reading and Writing the PCB Code written for the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers should perform all writes to the PCB registers as byte writes. These writes transfer 16 bits of data to the PCB register even if an 8-bit register is named in the instruction. For example, out dx, al results in the value of ax being written to the port address in dx. Reads to the PCB should be done as word reads. Code written in this manner runs correctly on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers with the PCB overlayed on either 8- or 16-bit address spaces. Unaligned reads and writes to the PCB result in unpredictable behavior. For a complete description of all the registers in the PCB, see the Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers User’s Manual, order# 21335A. D 38 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 8. Peripheral Control Block Register Map Register Name Register Name Timer 2 max count compare A register 62h Timer 2 count register 60h Offset Processor Control Registers: Offset Peripheral control block relocation register FEh Timer 1 mode/control register 5Eh Reset configuration register F6h Timer 1 max count compare B register 5Ch F4h Timer 1 max count compare A register 5Ah Processor release level register1 1 F2h Timer 1 count register 58h System configuration register1 F0h Timer 0 mode/control register 56h Watchdog timer control register E6h Timer 0 max count compare B register 54h E4h Timer 0 max count compare A register 52h E2h Timer 0 count register 50h Auxiliary configuration register 1 Enable RCU register Clock prescaler register 1 (See note 2.) Interrupt Registers: DMA Registers: Serial port 0 interrupt control register 44h 42h DMA 1 control register DAh Serial port 1 interrupt control register DMA 1 transfer count register D8h INT4 interrupt control register DMA 1 destination address high register D6h INT3 control register 3Eh DMA 1 destination address low register D4h INT2 control register 3Ch DMA 1 source address high register D2h INT1 control register 3Ah DMA 1 source address low register D0h INT0 control register 38h DMA 0 control register CAh DMA1/INT6 interrupt control register 36h DMA 0 transfer count register C8h DMA0/INT5 interrupt control register 34h DMA 0 destination address high register C6h Timer interrupt control register 32h Interrupt status register 30h DMA 0 destination address low register C4h DMA 0 source address high register C2h DMA 0 source address low register C0h Chip-Select Registers: PCS and MCS auxiliary register Interrupt request register 2Eh Interrupt in-service register 2Ch Interrupt priority mask register 2Ah Interrupt mask register 28h Interrupt poll status register 26h Interrupt poll register 24h A2h End-of-interrupt register 22h A0h Interrupt vector register 20h R A8h Midrange memory chip-select register A6h Peripheral chip-select register A4h 1 Low memory chip-select register D Upper memory chip-select register Serial Port 0 Registers: 1 A T F 40h Serial Port 1 Registers: Serial port 0 baud rate divisor register 88h Serial port 1 baud rate divisor register 18h Serial port 0 receive register 86h Serial port 1 receive register 16h Serial port 0 transmit register 84h Serial port 1 transmit register 14h Serial port 0 status register 82h Serial port 1 status register 12h Serial port 0 control register 80h Serial port 1 control register 10h PIO Registers: PIO data 1 register 7Ah PIO direction 1 register 78h PIO mode 1 register 76h PIO data 0 register 74h PIO direction 0 register 72h PIO mode 0 register 70h Timer Registers: Timer 2 mode/control register All unused addresses are reserved and should not be accessed. Notes: 1. The register has been modified from the Am186ES/ Am188ES microcontrollers. 2. The previous Memory Partition Register (MDRAM) has been removed and its functionality replaced with the CAS-before-RAS refresh mode. 66h Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 39 P R E L I M I N A R Y CLOCK AND POWER MANAGEMENT The clock and power management unit of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers includes a phaselocked loop (PLL) and a second programmable system clock output (CLKOUTB). the output of the amplifier and negatively affects the operation of the clock generator. Values for the loading on X1 and X2 must be chosen to provide the necessary phase shift and crystal operation. Phase-Locked Loop Selecting a Crystal In a traditional 80C186/188 microcontroller design, the crystal frequency is twice that of the desired internal clock. Because of the PLL on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers, the internal clock generated by the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers (CLKOUTA) is the same frequency as the crystal. The PLL takes the crystal inputs (X1 and X2) and generates a 45–55% (worst case) duty cycle intermediate system clock of the same frequency. This removes the need for an external 2x oscillator, reducing system cost. The PLL is reset during power-on reset by an on-chip power-on reset (POR) circuit. When selecting a crystal, the load capacitance should always be specified (CL). This value can cause variance in the oscillation frequency from the desired specified value (resonance). The load capacitance and the loading of the feedback network have the following relationship: (C1 ⋅ C2) CL = + CS (C1 + C2) Crystal-Driven Clock Source The internal oscillator circuit of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers is designed to function with a parallel resonant fundamental or third overtone crystal. Because of the PLL, the crystal frequency should be equal to the processor frequency. Do not replace a crystal with an LC or RC equivalent. The X1 and X2 signals are connected to an internal inverting amplifier (oscillator) that provides, along with the external feedback loading, the necessary phase shift (Figure 8). In such a positive feedback circuit, the inverting amplifier has an output signal (X2) 180 degrees out of phase of the input signal (X1). R The external feedback network provides an additional 180-degree phase shift. In an ideal system, the input to X1 will have 360 or zero degrees of phase shift. The external feedback network is designed to be as close to ideal as possible. If the feedback network is not providing necessary phase shift, negative feedback dampens D where CS is the stray capacitance of the circuit. Placing the crystal and CL in series across the inverting amplifier and tuning these values (C1, C2) allows the crystal to oscillate at resonance. This relationship is true for both fundamental and third-overtone operation. Finally, there is a relationship between C1 and C2. To enhance the oscillation of the inverting amplifier, these values need to be offset with the larger load on the output (X2). Equal values of these loads tend to balance the poles of the inverting amplifier. A The characteristics of the inverting amplifier set limits on the following parameters for crystals: ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) ......60 Ω max Drive Level ..............................................1 mW max The recommended range of values for C1 and C2 are as follows: C1 ..................................................................15 pF ± 20% C2 ..................................................................22 pF ± 20% The specific values for C1 and C2 must be determined by the designer and are dependent on the characteristics of the chosen crystal and board design. C1 X1 Crystal X2 Crystal C1 C2 C2 a. Inverting Amplifier Configuration Figure 8. 40 T F Note 1 Note 1: Use for Third Overtone Mode XTAL Frequency L1 Value (Max) 20 MHz 12 µH ±20% 25 MHz 8.2 µH ±20% 33 MHz 4.7 µH ±20% 40 MHz 3.0 µH ±20% 200 pF b. Crystal Configuration Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Oscillator Configurations Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y External Source Clock Initialization and Processor Reset Alternately, the internal oscillator can be driven from an external clock source. This source should be connected to the input of the inverting amplifier (X1), with the output (X2) not connected. Processor initialization or startup is accomplished by driving the RES input pin Low. RES must be held Low for 1 ms during power-up to ensure proper device initialization. RES forces the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers to terminate all execution and local bus activity. No instruction or bus activity occurs as long as RES is active. After RES becomes inactive and an internal processing interval elapses, the microcontroller begins execution with the instruction at physical location FFFF0h, with UCS asserted with three wait states. RES also sets some registers to predefined values and resets the watchdog timer. System Clocks The base system clock of AMD’s original 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers is renamed CLKOUTA and the additional output is called CLKOUTB. CLKOUTA and CLKOUTB operate at either the processor frequency or the PLL frequency. The output drivers for both clocks are individually programmable for disable. Figure 9 shows the organization of the clocks. Reset Configuration Register The second clock output (CLKOUTB) allows one clock to run at the PLL frequency and the other clock to run at the power-save frequency. Individual drive enable bits allow selective enabling of just one or both of these clock outputs. When the RES input is asserted Low, the contents of the address/data bus (AD15–AD0) are written into the reset configuration register. The system can place configuration information on the address/data bus using weak external pullup or pulldown resistors, or using an external driver that is enabled during reset. The processor does not drive the address/data bus during reset. Power-Save Operation The power-save mode of the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers reduces power consumption and heat dissipation, thereby extending battery life in portable systems. In power-save mode, operation of the CPU and internal peripherals continues at a slower clock frequency. When an interrupt occurs, the microcontroller automatically returns to its normal operating frequency on the internal clock’s next rising edge of t3. Note: Power-save operation requires that clock-dependent devices be reprogrammed for clock frequency changes. Software drivers must be aware of clock frequency. The power-save divisor should not be set to operate the processor core below 100 kHz. D R PLL X1, X2 Mux /2 T F For example, the reset configuration register could be used to provide the software with the position of a configuration switch in the system. Using weak external pullup and pulldown resistors on the address and data bus, the system can provide the microcontroller with a value corresponding to the position of the jumper during a reset. A Power-Save Divisor /1 to /128 PSEN Mux Processor Clock CAF CLKDIV2 CLKOUTA Mux CAD CBF Mux Note: For frequencies under 16 MHz, use PLL bypass. Time Delay 6 ns ± CLKOUTB CBD Figure 9. Clock Organization Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 41 P R E L I M I N A R Y CHIP-SELECT UNIT The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers contain logic that provides programmable chip-select generation for both memories and peripherals. The logic can be programmed to provide ready and wait-state generation and latched address bits A1 and A2. The chip-select lines are active for all memory and I/O cycles in their programmed areas, whether they are generated by the CPU or by the integrated DMA unit. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide six chipselect outputs for use with memory devices and six more for use with peripherals in either memory space or I/O space. The six memory chip selects can be used to address three memory ranges. Each peripheral chip select addresses a 256-byte block that is offset from a programmable base address. A write to a chip select register will enable the corresponding chip select logic even if the actual pin has another function (e.g., PIO). Chip-Select Timing The timing for the UCS and LCS outputs is modified from the original 80C186 microcontroller. These outputs now assert in conjunction with the nonmultiplexed address bus for normal memory timing. To allow these outputs to be available earlier in the bus cycle, the number of programmable memory size selections has been reduced. Ready and Wait-State Programming The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers can be programmed to sense a ready signal for each of the peripheral or memory chip-select lines. The ready signal can be either the ARDY or SRDY signal. Each chipselect control register (UMCS, LMCS, MMCS, PACS, and MPCS) contains a single-bit field that determines whether the external ready signal is required or ignored. D R The number of wait states to be inserted for each access to a peripheral or memory region is programmable. The chip-select control registers for UCS, LCS, MCS3–MCS0, PCS6, and PCS5 contain a two-bit field that determines the number of wait states from zero to three to be inserted. PCS3–PCS0 use three bits to provide additional values of 5, 7, 9, and 15 wait states. When external ready is required, internally programmed wait states will always complete before external ready can terminate or extend a bus cycle. For example, if the internal wait states are set to insert two wait states, the processor samples the external ready pin during the first wait cycle. If external ready is asserted at that time, the access completes after six cycles (four cycles plus two wait states). If external ready is not asserted during the first wait cycle, the access is extended until ready is asserted, and one more wait state occurs followed by t4. 42 The ARDY signal on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers is a true asynchronous ready signal. The ARDY pin accepts a rising edge that is asynchronous to CLKOUTA and is active High. If the falling edge of ARDY is not synchronized to CLKOUTA as specified, an additional clock period may be added. Chip-Select Overlap Although programming the various chip selects on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers so that multiple chip select signals are asserted for the same physical address is not recommended, it may be unavoidable in some systems. In such systems, the chip selects whose assertions overlap must have the same configuration for ready (external ready required or not required) and the number of wait states to be inserted into the cycle by the processor. The one exception to this is PCS overlapping DRAM. T F The peripheral control block (PCB) is accessed using internal signals. These internal signals function as chip selects configured with zero wait states and no external ready. Therefore, the PCB can be programmed to addresses that overlap external chip-select signals only if those external chip selects are programmed to zero wait states with no external ready required. A When overlapping an additional chip select with either the LCS or UCS chip selects, it must be noted that setting the Disable Address (DA) bit in the LMCS or UMCS register disables the address from being driven on the AD bus for all accesses for which the associated chip select is asserted, including any accesses for which multiple chip selects assert. The MCS and PCS chip-select pins can be configured as either chip selects (normal function) or as PIO inputs or outputs. It should be noted, however, that the ready and wait state generation logic for these chip selects is in effect regardless of their configurations as chip selects or PIOs. This means that if these chip selects are enabled (by a write to the MMCS and MPCS for the MCS chip selects, or by a write to the PACS and MPCS registers for the PCS chip selects), the ready and wait state programming for these signals must agree with the programming for any other chip selects with which their assertion would overlap if they were configured as chip selects. Although the PCS4 signal is not available on an external pin, the ready and wait state logic for this signal still exists internal to the part. For this reason, the PCS4 address space must follow the rules for overlapping chip selects. The ready and wait-state logic for PCS6– PCS5 is disabled when these signals are configured as address bits A2–A1. Failure to configure overlapping chip selects with the same ready and wait state requirements may cause Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y the processor to hang with the appearance of waiting for a ready signal. This behavior may occur even in a system in which ready is always asserted (ARDY or SRDY tied High). Configuring PCS in I/O space with LCS or any other chip select configured for memory address 0 is not considered overlapping of the chip selects. Overlapping chip selects refers to configurations where more than one chip select asserts for the same physical address. The PCS can overlap DRAM blocks with different wait states and without external or internal bus contention. The RAS will assert along with the appropriate PCS. The UCAS and LCAS will not assert, preventing the DRAM from writing erroneously or driving the data bus during a read. The PCS must have the same or higher number of wait states than the DRAM. The PCS bus width will be determined by the LSIZ or USIZ bus widths. This will make a 1785-byte block of the DRAM inaccessible. In its place, the peripherals associated with the PCS can be accessed. This is especially useful when the entire memory space is used with two banks of DRAM or a bank of DRAM and a 512K Flash. Upper Memory Chip Select The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide a UCS chip select for the top of memory. On reset the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers begin fetching and executing instructions at memory location FFFF0h. Therefore, upper memory is usually used as instruction memory. To facilitate this usage, UCS defaults to active on reset, with a default memory range of 64 Kbytes from F0000h to FFFFFh, with external ready required and three wait states automatically inserted. The UCS memory range always ends at FFFFFh. The UCS lower boundary is programmable. R The bus width associated with UCS is determined on reset by the S2/BTSEL. If S2/BTSEL is pulled High or left floating, an internal pullup sets the boot mode option to 16-bit. If S2/BTSEL is pulled resistively Low during reset, the boot mode option is for 8-bit. The status of the S2/BTSEL pin is latched on the rising edge of reset. If 8-bit mode is selected, the width of the memory region associated with UCS can be changed in the AUXCON register. If UCS boots as a 16-bit space, it is not re-configurable to 8-bit. This allows for cheaper 8bit-wide memory to be used for booting the Am186ED/ EDLV microcontrollers, while speed-critical code and data can be executed from 16-bit-wide lower memory. Eight-bit or 16-bit-wide peripherals can be used in the memory area between LCS and UCS or in the I/O space. The entire memory map can be set to 16-bit or 8-bit or mixed between 8-bit and 16-bit based on the USIZ, LSIZ, MSIZ, and IOSIZ bits in the AUXCON register. D Low Memory Chip Select The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide an LCS chip select for lower memory. The AUXCON register can be used to configure LCS for 8-bit or 16-bit accesses. Since the interrupt vector table is located at the bottom of memory starting at 00000h, the LCS pin is usually used to control data memory. The LCS pin is not active on reset. The LCS signal is multiplexed with the RAS0 signal when the DRAM mode is enabled in the LMCS register. Midrange Memory Chip Selects The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide four chip selects, MCS3–MCS0, for use in a user-locatable memory block. With some exceptions, the base address of the memory block can be located anywhere within the 1-Mbyte memory address space. The areas associated with the UCS and LCS chip selects are excluded. If they are mapped to memory, the address range of the peripheral chip selects, PCS6, PCS5, and PCS3–PCS0, are also excluded. The MCS address range can overlap the PCS address range if the PCS chip selects are mapped to I/O space. T F MCS0 can be configured to be asserted for the entire MCS range. When configured in this mode, the MCS3– MCS1 pins can be used as PIOs or DRAM control signals. A The AUXCON register can be used to configure MCS for 8-bit or 16-bit accesses. The bus width of the MCS range is determined by the width of the non-UCS/nonLCS memory range. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the MCS outputs assert with the same timing as the multiplexed AD address bus. Activating either bank of DRAM will change the MCS1 and MCS2 functionality to UCAS and LCAS. Activating the upper DRAM bank will change the MCS3 functionality to RAS1. It is recommended that when either bank of DRAM is activated, either MCS0 be configured to assert for the entire MCS range or that MCS space be unused. If the lower bank of DRAM is activated, but not the upper bank of DRAM, MCS3 can still be used as a chip select or PIO. The MCS2 and MCS1 portion of the middle chip select address space will not have a chip select signal asserted, but the wait states will still be valid. Peripheral Chip Selects The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide six chip selects, PCS6–PCS5 and PCS3–PCS0, for use within a user-configured memory or I/O block. PCS4 is not available on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers. The base address of the memory block can be located anywhere within the 1-Mbyte memory address space, exclusive of the areas associated with the UCS, LCS, and Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 43 P R E L I M I N A R Y MCS chip selects, or they can be configured to access the 64-Kbyte I/O space. The PCS pins are not active on reset. PCS6–PCS5 can be programmed for zero to three wait states. PCS3– PCS0 can be programmed for four additional wait-state values: 5, 7, 9, and 15. The AUXCON register can be used to configure PCS for 8-bit or 16-bit accesses. The bus width of the PCS range is determined by the width of the non-UCS/nonLCS memory range or by the width of the I/O area. Unlike the UCS and LCS chip selects, the PCS outputs assert with the multiplexed AD address bus. Each peripheral chip select asserts over a 256-byte address range, which is twice the address range covered by peripheral chip selects in the 80C186/188 microcontrollers. The PCS allows for overlap in memory space with the DRAM (RAS0, RAS1) space. Overlap of the PCS with LCS, MCS, or UCS in a non-DRAM mode is not recommended. If overlap of the PCS with MCS, LCS, or UCS occurs, the same number of wait states and external ready must be used. If overlap of PCS with DRAM space occurs, the DRAM controller will assert RAS and stop the CAS signal from asserting. This will not modify the contents of the DRAM and the access will continue as a normal PCS access. When overlapping the PCS with DRAM, the number of wait states can be different for PCS space. PCS wait states must be greater than or equal to DRAM wait states. The ready and wait states will be determined by the PCS programming in the MPCS and PACS registers. R PCS space should not contain the address FFFFFh, which is the address used for a refresh cycle. The AD15–AD0 bus will drive FFFFh during a refresh cycle for the address portion of cycle. D REFRESH CONTROL UNIT The refresh control unit (RCU) automatically generates refresh bus cycles when enabled. After a programmable period of time, the RCU generates a CAS-beforeRAS refresh bus cycle. The RCU should not be enabled if at least one bank of DRAM is not enabled. All refreshes will be 7 clocks, no matter how the DRAM wait states are programmed. During a refresh cycle, the A19–A0 bus is undefined; the AD15–AD0 bus is driven with all 1s (FFFFh). The PCS and MCS chip selects are decoded by the processor using a 20-bit version of the AD bus. The highest four bits of this internal bus are not available externally; however, internally these bits are set to all 1s during a refresh cycle, resulting in the 20-bit address FFFFFh. For this reason, the MCS and PCS chip selects should not contain the address FFFFFh while DRAM is enabled. 44 INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers can receive interrupt requests from a variety of sources, both internal and external. The internal interrupt controller arranges these requests by priority and presents them one at a time to the CPU. There are up to eight external interrupt sources on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers—seven maskable interrupt pins and one nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) pin. In addition, there are eight internal interrupt sources (three timers, two DMA channels, two asynchronous serial ports, and the Watchdog Timer NMI) that are not connected to external pins. INT5 and INT6 are multiplexed with DRQ0 and DRQ1. These two interrupts are available if the associated DMA is not enabled or is being used with internal synchronization. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide up to six interrupt sources not present on the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. There are up to three additional external interrupt pins—INT4, INT5, and INT6. These pins operate much like the INT3–INT0 interrupt pins on the 80C186 and 80C188 microcontrollers. There are also two internal interrupts from the serial ports and the watchdog timer can generate interrupts. T F INT5 and INT6 are multiplexed with the DMA request signals, DRQ0 and DRQ1. If a DMA channel is not enabled, or if it is not using external synchronization, then the associated pin can be used as an external interrupt. INT5 and INT6 can also be used in conjunction with the DMA terminal count interrupts. A The seven maskable interrupt request pins can be used as direct interrupt requests. INT4–INT0 can be either edge-triggered or level-triggered. INT6 and INT5 are edge-triggered only. In addition, INT0 and INT1 can be configured in cascade mode for use with an external 82C59A-compatible interrupt controller. When INT0 is configured in cascade mode, the INT2 pin is automatically configured in its INTA0 function. When INT1 is configured in cascade mode, the INT3 pin is automatically configured in its INTA1 function. An external interrupt controller can be used as the system master by programming the internal interrupt controller to operate in slave mode. INT6–INT4 are not available in slave mode. Interrupts are automatically disabled when an interrupt is taken. Interrupt-service routines (ISRs) may re-enable interrupts by setting the IF flag. This allows interrupts of greater or equal priority to interrupt the currently executing ISR. Interrupts from the same source are disabled as long as the corresponding bit in the interrupt in-service register is set. INT1 and INT0 provide a special bit to enable special fully nested mode. When configured in special fully nested mode, the interrupt source may generate a new interrupt regardless of the setting of the in-service bit. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y TIMER CONTROL UNIT There are three 16-bit programmable timers and a watchdog timer on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers. Timer 0 and timer 1 are connected to four external pins (each one has an input and an output). These two timers can be used to count or time external events, or to generate nonrepetitive or variable-duty-cycle waveforms. When pulse width demodulation is enabled, timer 0 and timer 1 are used to measure the width of the High and Low pulses on the PWD pin. (See the Pulse Width Demodulation section on page 45.) Timer 2 is not connected to any external pins. It can be used for real-time coding and time-delay applications. It can also be used as a prescaler to timers 0 and 1 or to synchronize DMA transfers. The programmable timers are controlled by eleven 16bit registers in the peripheral control block. A timer’s timer-count register contains the current value of that timer. The timer-count register can be read or written with a value at any time, whether the timer is running or not. The microcontroller increments the value of the timer-count register each time a timer event occurs. Each timer also has a maximum-count register that defines the maximum value the timer can reach. When the timer reaches the maximum value, it resets to 0 during the same clock cycle. The value in the maximum-count register is never stored in the timer-count register. Also, timers 0 and 1 have a secondary maximum-count register. Using both the primary and secondary maximum-count registers lets the timer alternate between two maximum values. R If the timer is programmed to use only the primary maximum-count register, the timer output pin switches Low for one clock cycle after the maximum value is reached. If the timer is programmed to use both of its maximum-count registers, the output pin indicates which maximum-count register is currently in control, thereby creating a waveform. The duty cycle of the waveform depends on the values in the maximumcount registers. D Each timer is serviced every fourth clock cycle, so a timer can operate at a speed of up to one-quarter of the internal clock frequency. A timer can be clocked externally at this same frequency; however, because of internal synchronization and pipelining of the timer circuitry, the timer output can take up to six clock cycles to respond to the clock or gate input. Watchdog Timer The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide a true watchdog timer function. The Watchdog Timer (WDT) can be used to regain control of the system when software fails to respond as expected. The WDT is active after reset. It can only be modified a single time by a keyed sequence of writes to the watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) following reset. This single write can either disable the timer or modify the timeout period and the action taken upon timeout. A keyed sequence is also required to reset the current WDT count. This behavior ensures that randomly executing code will not prevent a WDT event from occurring. The WDT supports up to a 1.67-second timeout period in a 40-MHz system. After reset, the WDT is enabled and the timeout period is set to its maximum value. The WDT can be configured to cause either an NMI interrupt or a system reset upon timeout. If the WDT is configured for NMI, the NMIFLAG in the WDTCON register is set when the NMI is generated. The NMI interrupt service routine (ISR) should examine this flag to determine if the interrupt was generated by the WDT or by an external source. If the NMIFLAG is set, the ISR should clear the flag by writing the correct keyed sequence to the WDTCON register. If the NMIFLAG is set when a second WDT timeout occurs, a WDT system reset is generated rather than a second NMI event. T F When the processor takes a WDT reset, either due to a single WDT event with the WDT configured to generate resets or due to a WDT event with the NMIFLAG set, the RSTFLAG in the WDTCON register is set. This allows system initialization code to differentiate between a hardware reset and a WDT reset and take appropriate action. The RSTFLAG is cleared when the WDTCON register is read or written. The processor does not resample external pins during a WDT reset. This means that the clocking, the reset configuration register, and any other features that are user-selectable during reset do not change when a WDT system reset occurs. All other activities are identical to those of a normal system reset. A Note: The Watchdog Timer (WDT) is active after reset. PULSE WIDTH DEMODULATION For many applications, such as bar-code reading, it is necessary to measure the width of a signal in both its High and Low phases. The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide a pulse-width demodulation (PWD) option to fulfill this need. The PWD bit in the System Configuration Register (SYSCON) enables the PWD option. Analog-to-digital conversion is not supported. In PWD mode, TMRIN0, TMRIN1, INT2, and INT4 are configured internal to the microcontroller to support the detection of rising and falling edges on the PWD input pin (INT2/INTA0/PWD) and to enable either timer 0 when the signal is High or timer 1 when the signal is Low. The INT4, TMRIN0, and TMRIN1 pins are not used in PWD mode and so are available for use as PIOs. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 45 P R E L I M I N A R Y The following diagram shows the behavior of a system for a typical waveform. the event of a simultaneous DMA request or if there is a need to interrupt transfers on the other channel. DMA Operation INT2 INT4 INT2 Ints generated TMR1 enabled TMR0 enabled The interrupt service routine (ISR) for the INT2 and INT4 interrupts should examine the current count of the associated timer, timer 1 for INT2, and timer 0 for INT4, in order to determine the pulse width. The ISR should then reset the timer count register in preparation for the next pulse. Since the timers count at one quarter of the processor clock rate, this determines the maximum resolution that can be obtained. Further, in applications where the pulse width may be short, it may be necessary to poll the INT2 and INT4 request bits in the interrupt request register in order to avoid the overhead involved in taking and returning from an interrupt. Overflow conditions, where the pulse width is greater than the maximum count of the timer, can be detected by monitoring the Maximum Count (MC) bit in the associated timer or by setting the INT bit to enable timer interrupt requests. DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS Direct memory access (DMA) permits transfer of data between memory and peripherals without CPU involvement. The DMA unit shown in Figure 10, provides two high-speed DMA channels. Data transfers can occur between memory and I/O spaces (e.g., memory to I/O) or within the same space (e.g., memory to memory or I/O to I/O). Table 9 shows maximum DMA transfer rates. D R Each channel has six registers in the peripheral control block that define specific channel operations. The DMA registers consist of a 20-bit source address (two registers), a 20-bit destination address (two registers), a 16bit transfer count register, and a 16-bit control register. The DMA Transfer Count Register (DTC) specifies the number of DMA transfers to be performed. Up to 64K of byte or word transfers can be performed with automatic termination. The DMA control registers define the channel operation. All registers can be modified during any DMA activity. Any changes made to the DMA registers are reflected immediately in DMA operation. Table 9. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers Maximum DMA Transfer Rates 40 MHz 33 MHz 25 MHz 20 MHz Unsynchronized 10 8.25 6.25 5 Source Synchronized 10 8.25 6.25 5 Destination Synchronized (CPU needs bus) 6.6 5.5 4.16 3.3 Destination Synch (CPU does not need bus) 8 6.6 5 4 A The DMA channels can be directly connected to the asynchronous serial ports. DMA and serial port transfer is accomplished by programming the DMA controller to perform transfers between a data source in memory or I/O space and a serial port transmit or receive register. The two DMA channels can support one serial port in full-duplex mode or two serial ports in half-duplex mode. Either bytes or words can be transferred to or from even or odd addresses. However, word DMA transfers to or from memory configured for 8-bit accesses are not supported. Only two bus cycles (a minimum of eight clocks) are necessary for each data transfer. Each channel accepts a DMA request from one of four sources: the channel request pin (DRQ1–DRQ0), Timer 2, a serial port, or the system software. The channels can be programmed with different priorities in 46 T F Type of Synchronization Selected Maximum DMA Transfer Rate (Mbytes) Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Adder Control Logic 20-bit Adder/Subtractor Timer Request DRQ1/Serial Port 20 Request Selection Logic Transfer Counter Ch. 1 Destination Address Ch. 1 Source Address Ch. 1 Transfer Counter Ch. 0 Destination Address Ch. 0 Source Address Ch. 0 DMA Control Logic Interrupt Request Channel Control Register 1 Channel Control Register 0 20 16 Internal Address/Data Bus Figure 10. Each DMA control register determines the mode of operation for the particular DMA channel. The DMA control registers specify the following: R n Whether bytes or words are transferred D A T F DMA Unit Block Diagram DMA Channel Control Registers n The mode of synchronization DRQ0/Serial Port n Whether an interrupt is generated after the last transfer n Whether the DRQ pins are configured as INT pins DMA Priority The DMA channels can be programmed so that one channel is always given priority over the other, or they can be programmed to alternate cycles when both have DMA requests pending. DMA cycles always have priority over internal CPU cycles except between locked memory accesses or word accesses to odd memory locations. However, an external bus hold takes priority over an internal DMA cycle. n The relative priority of the DMA channel with respect to the other DMA channel Because an interrupt request cannot suspend a DMA operation and the CPU cannot access memory during a DMA cycle, interrupt latency time suffers during sequences of continuous DMA cycles. An NMI request, however, causes all internal DMA activity to halt. This allows the CPU to respond quickly to the NMI request. n Whether the source address is incremented, decremented, or maintained constant after each transfer ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL PORTS n Whether DMA activity ceases after a programmed number of DMA cycles n Whether the source address addresses memory or I/O space n Whether the destination address is incremented, decremented, or maintained constant after transfers The Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers provide two independent asynchronous serial ports. These ports provide full-duplex, bidirectional data transfer using several industry-standard communications protocols. The serial ports can be used as sources or destinations of DMA transfers. n Whether the destination address addresses memory or I/O space Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 47 P R E L I M I N A R Y The asynchronous serial ports support the following features: n Full-duplex operation n Direct memory access (DMA) from the serial ports n 7-bit, 8-bit, or 9-bit data transfers n Odd, even, or no parity n One stop bit n Long or short break character recognition n Error detection — Parity errors — Framing errors — Overrun errors — Break character recognition n Hardware handshaking with the following selectable control signals: — Clear-to-send (CTS) — Enable-receiver-request (ENRX) — Ready-to-send (RTS) — Ready-to-receive (RTR) n DMA to and from the serial ports n Separate maskable interrupts for each port n Multidrop protocol (9-bit) support n Independent baud rate generators n Maximum baud rate of 1/16th of the CPU clock R n Double-buffered transmit and receive n Programmable interrupt generation for transmit, receive, and/or error detection DMA Transfers through the Serial Port D The DMA channels can be directly connected to the asynchronous serial ports. DMA and serial port transfer is accomplished by programming the DMA controller to perform transfers between a memory or I/O space and a serial port transmit or receive register. The two DMA channels can support one serial port in full-duplex mode or two serial ports in half-duplex mode. See the DMA Control register descriptions in the Am186ED/ EDLV Microcontrollers User’s Manual, order# 21335A for more information. 48 PROGRAMMABLE I/O (PIO) PINS There are 32 pins on the Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers that are available as user-programmable I/O signals. Table 2 on page 29 and Table 3 on page 29 list the PIO pins. Each of these pins can be used as a userprogrammable input or output signal if the normal shared function is not needed. If a pin is enabled to function as a PIO signal, the preassigned signal function is disabled and does not affect the level on the pin. A PIO signal can be configured to operate as an input or output with or without a weak pullup or pulldown, or as an open-drain output. After power-on reset, the PIO pins default to various configurations. The column titled Power-On Reset Status in Table 2 on page 29 and Table 3 on page 29 lists the defaults for the PIOs. The system initialization code must reconfigure the PIOs as required. T F The A19–A17 address pins default to normal operation on power-on reset, allowing the processor to correctly begin fetching instructions at the boot address FFFF0h. The DT/R, DEN, and SRDY pins also default to normal operation on power-on reset. Note that emulators use A19, A18, A17, S6, and UZI. In environments where an emulator is needed, these pins must be configured for normal function—not as PIOs. A If the AD15–AD0 bus override is enabled on power-on reset, then S6/CLKDIV2 and UZI revert to normal operation instead of PIO input with pullup. If BHE/ADEN is held Low during power-on reset, the AD15–AD0 bus override is enabled. When the PCS or MCS are used as PIO inputs (only) and the bus is arbitrated, an internal pullup of ~10 kohms is activated, even if the pullup option for the PIO is not selected. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OPERATING RANGES Storage temperature Am186ED........................................ –65°C to +125°C Am186EDLV.................................... –65°C to +125°C Am186ED Microcontroller Commercial (TC) .................................0°C to +100°C Industrial* (TA)...................................–40°C to +85°C Supply voltage (VCC) .................................5 V ± 10% Voltage on any pin with respect to ground Am186ED................................... –0.5 V to Vcc +0.5 V Am186EDLV............................... –0.5 V to Vcc +0.5 V Note: Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent device failure. Functionality at or above these limits is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Am186EDLV Microcontroller Commercial (TA) ................................... 0°C to +70°C VCC up to 25 MHz................................. 3.3 V ± 0.3 V Where: TC = case temperature TA = ambient temperature *Industrial versions of Am186ED microcontrollers are available in 20 and 25 MHz operating frequencies only. DC CHARACTERISTICS OVER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATING RANGES T F Preliminary Symbol Parameter Description VIL Input Low Voltage (Except X1) VIL1 Clock Input Low Voltage (X1) VIH Input High Voltage (Except RES and X1) VIH 1 Input High Voltage (RES) VIH 2 Clock Input High Voltage (X1) Test Conditions VOH 0.2VCC –0.3 V 0.8 V 2.0 VCC +0.5 V 2.4 VCC +0.5 V VCC –0.8 VCC +0.5 V 0.45 V 0.45 V 2.4 VCC +0.5 V IOH = –200 µA @ VCC –0.5 VCC –0.5 VCC V IOH = –200 µA @ VCC –0.5 VCC –0.5 VCC V 5.9 mA/MHz Am186EDLV IOL = 1.5 mA (S2–S0) IOL = 1.0 mA (others) Am186EDLV ICC A IOL = 2.5 mA (S2–S0) IOL = 2.0 mA (others) Am186ED D R IOH = –2.4 mA @ 2.4 V Power Supply Current @ 0°C VCC = 5.5 V (b) VCC = 3.6 V (b) Input Leakage Current @ 0.5 MHz 0.45 V≤VIN ≤ VCC Output Leakage Current @ 0.5 MHz 0.45 V≤VOUT ≤VCC VCLO Clock Output Low ICLO = 4.0 mA VCHO Clock Output High ICHO = –500 µA ILI ILO Unit –0.5 Am186ED Output High Voltage(a) Max –0.5 Output Low Voltage VOL Min 4.0 (c) VCC –0.5 ±10 µA ±10 µA 0.45 V V Notes: a The LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 and UCS/ONCE1 pins have weak internal pullup resistors. Loading the LCS/ONCE0/RAS0 and UCS/ONCE1 pins in excess of IOH = –200 µA during reset can cause the device to go into ONCE mode. b Current is measured with the device in RESET with X1 and X2 driven and all other non-power pins open but held High or Low. c Testing is performed with the pins floating, either during HOLD or by invoking the ONCE mode. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 49 P R E L I M I N A R Y CAPACITANCE Preliminary Symbol Max Unit CIN Input Capacitance Parameter Description @ 1 MHz Test Conditions Min 10 pF CIO Output or I/O Capacitance @ 1 MHz 20 pF Note: Capacitance limits are guaranteed by characterization. POWER SUPPLY CURRENT Table 10 shows the variables that are used to calculate t he t y p i c a l p o we r c o n s um p t i o n v a l u e f o r t h e Am186EDLV microcontroller. For the following typical system specification shown in Figure 11, ICC has been measured at 4.0 mA per MHz of system clock. For the following typical system specification shown in Figure 12, I CC has been measured at 5.9 mA per MHz of system clock. The typical system is measured while the system is executing code in a typical application with nominal voltage and maximum case temperature. Actual power supply current is dependent on system design and may be greater or less than the typical ICC figure presented here. Table 10. Typical Power Consumption Calculation for the Am186EDLV Microcontroller R n Output capacitive load set to 35 pF D Typical Power in Watts 20 4.0 3.6 0.288 4.0 3.6 0.360 A 120 n No DC loads on the output buffers n PIOs are disabled Volts 140 Please note that dynamic ICC measurements are dependent upon chip activity, operating frequency, output buffer logic, and capacitive/resistive loading of the outputs. For these ICC measurements, the devices were set to the following modes: n AD bus set to data only Typical ICC 25 Typical current in Figure 11 is given by: ICC = 4.0 mA ⋅ freq(MHz) Typical current in Figure 12 is given by: ICC = 5.9 mA ⋅ freq(MHz) T F MHz ⋅ ICC ⋅ Volts / 1000 = P MHz 100 80 ICC (mA) 25 MHz 20 MHz 60 40 20 0 10 20 Clock Frequency (MHz) n Timer, serial port, refresh, and DMA are enabled Figure 11. Typical Icc Versus Frequency for Am186EDLV Microcontroller 280 240 40 MHz 200 33 MHz 160 ICC (mA) 25 MHz 120 20 MHz 80 40 0 10 20 30 40 50 Clock Frequency (MHz) Figure 12. Typical Icc Versus Frequency for Am186ED Microcontroller 50 30 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS TQFP Package The variable P is power in watts. Power supply current (ICC) is in mA per MHz of clock frequency. The Am186ED microcontroller is specified for operation with case temperature ranges from 0°C to +100°C for a commercial device. Case temperature is measured at the top center of the package as shown in Figure 13. The various temperatures and thermal resistances can be determined using the equations in Figure 14 with information given in Table 11. θJA TC θ JC The total thermal resistance is θJA; θJA is the sum of θJC, the internal thermal resistance of the assembly, and θCA, the case to ambient thermal resistance. θJA = θJC + θCA Figure 13. θJA = θJC + θCA P=ICC ⋅ freq (MHz) ⋅ VCC TC =TJ –( P ⋅ θJC ) TC =TA +( P ⋅ θCA ) TA =TJ –( P ⋅ θJA ) TA =TC –( P ⋅ θCA ) A Thermal Resistance(°C/Watt) T F TJ =TC +( P ⋅ θJC ) TJ =TA + ( P ⋅ θJA ) Figure 14. θCA Thermal Characteristics Equations Table 11. Thermal Characteristics (°C/Watt) R Package/Board PQFP/2-Layer D TQFP/2-Layer PQFP/4-Layer to 6-Layer TQFP/4-Layer to 6-Layer Airflow (Linear Feet per Minute) θJA θJC θCA 0 fpm 45 7 38 200 fpm 39 7 32 400 fpm 35 7 28 600 fpm 33 7 26 0 fpm 56 10 46 200 fpm 46 10 36 400 fpm 40 10 30 600 fpm 38 10 28 0 fpm 23 5 18 200 fpm 21 5 16 400 fpm 19 5 14 600 fpm 17 5 12 0 fpm 30 6 24 200 fpm 28 6 22 400 fpm 26 6 20 600 fpm 24 6 18 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 51 P R E L I M I N A R Y Typical Ambient Temperatures Table 13. Junction Temperature Calculation The typical ambient temperature specifications are based on the following assumptions and calculations: The commercial operating range of the Am186ED microcontroller is a case temperature TC of 0 to 100 degrees Centigrade. TC is measured at the top center of the package. An increase in the ambient temperature causes a proportional increase in TC. Microcontrollers up to 40 MHz are specified as 5.0 V plus or minus 10%. Therefore, 5.0 V is used for calculating typical power consumption up to 40 MHz. Typical power supply current (ICC) in normal usage is estimated at 5.9 mA per MHz of microcontroller clock rate. Typical power consumption (watts) = (5.9 mA/MHz) times microcontroller clock rate times VCC divided by 1000. Table 12 shows the variables that are used to calculate the typical power consumption value for each version of the Am186ED microcontroller. Table 12. Typical Power Consumption Calculation Typical Power (P) in Watts P = MHz ⋅ ICC ⋅ VCC/1000 MHz Typical ICC Volts 40 5.9 5.0 1.2 33 5.9 5.0 1.0 25 5.9 5.0 0.7 20 5.9 5.0 0.6 D R Speed/ Pkg/ Board TJ(°C) TC P θJC 40/P2 108.3 100 1.2 7 40/T2 111.8 100 1.2 10 TJ = TC + (P ⋅ θJC) 40/P4-6 105.9 100 1.2 5 40/T4-6 107.1 100 1.2 6 33/P2 106.8 100 1.0 7 33/T2 109.7 100 1.0 10 33/P4-6 104.9 100 1.0 5 33/T4-6 105.8 100 1.0 6 25/P2 105.2 100 0.7 7 25/T2 107.4 100 0.7 10 25/P4-6 103.7 100 0.7 5 25/T4-6 104.4 100 0.7 6 20/P2 104.1 100 0.6 7 20/T2 105.9 100 0.6 10 T F 20/P4-6 103.0 100 0.6 5 20/T4-6 103.5 100 0.6 6 By using T J from Table 13, the typical power consumption value from Table 12, and a θJA value from Table 11, the typical ambient temperature TA can be calculated using the following formula from Figure 14: A TA = TJ – (P ⋅ θJA) For example, TA for a 40-MHz PQFP design with a 2layer board and 0 fpm airflow is calculated as follows: TA = 108.3 – (1.2 ⋅ 45) TA = 55.2 Thermal resistance is a measure of the ability of a package to remove heat from a semiconductor device. A safe operating range for the device can be calculated using the formulas from Figure 14 and the variables in Table 11. In this calculation, TJ comes from Table 13, P comes from Table 12, and θJA comes from Table 11. See Table 14. By using the maximum case rating T C , the typical power consumption value from Table 12, and θJC from Table 11, the junction temperature TJ can be calculated by using the following formula from Figure 14. TA = 105.8 – (1.0 ⋅ 28) TA = 78.6 TJ = TC + (P ⋅ θJC) Table 14 through Table 17 and Figure 15 through F i g u r e 1 8 s h o w TA b a s e d o n t h e p r e c e d i n g assumptions and calculations for a range of θJA values with airflow from 0 linear feet per minute to 600 linear feet per minute. Table 13 shows TJ values for the various versions of the Am186ED microcontroller. The column titled Speed/Pkg/Board in Table 13 indicates the clock speed in MHz, the type of package (P for PQFP and T for TQFP), and the type of board (2 for 2-layer and 4-6 for 4-layer to 6-layer). 52 TA for a 33-MHz TQFP design with a 4-layer to 6-layer board and 200 fpm airflow is calculated as follows: See Table 17 for the result of this calculation. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 14 shows typical maximum ambient temperatures in degrees Centigrade for a PQFP package used on a 2layer board. The typical ambient temperatures are based on a 100-degree Centigrade maximum case temperature. Figure 15 graphically illustrates the typical temperatures in Table 14. Table 14. Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for PQFP with a 2-Layer Board Linear Feet per Minute Airflow Microcontroller Speed Typical Power (Watts) 0 fpm 200 fpm 400 fpm 600 fpm 40 MHz 1.2 55.2 62.2 67.0 69.3 33 MHz 1.0 63.0 68.8 72.7 74.7 25 MHz 0.7 72.0 76.4 79.4 80.8 20 MHz 0.6 77.6 81.1 83.5 84.7 Typical Ambient Temperature (Degrees C) 90 Legend: ● 40 MHz ✵ 33 MHz ◆ 25 Mhz ■ 20 MHz T F ■ ■ 80 ◆ ■ ◆ ■ ◆ ✶ ✶ ◆ 70 ● ✶ ✶ ● 60 ● 50 D 40 0 fpm R 200 fpm ● A 400 fpm 600 fpm Airflow (Linear Feet Per Minute) Figure 15. Typical Ambient Temperatures for PQFP with a 2-Layer Board Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 53 P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 15 shows typical maximum ambient temperatures in degrees Centigrade for a TQFP package used on a 2layer board. The typical ambient temperatures are based on a 100-degree Centigrade maximum case temperature. Figure 16 graphically illustrates the typical temperatures in Table 15. Table 15. Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for TQFP with a 2-Layer Board Linear Feet per Minute Airflow Microcontroller Speed Typical Power (Watts) 0 fpm 200 fpm 400 fpm 600 fpm 40 MHz 1.2 45.7 57.5 64.6 67.0 33 MHz 1.0 55.2 65.0 70.8 72.7 25 MHz 0.7 66.1 73.5 77.9 79.4 20 MHz 0.6 72.9 78.8 82.3 83.5 85 Typical Ambient Temperature (Degrees C) ■ Legend: ● 40 MHz ✵ 33 MHz ◆ 25 Mhz ■ 20 MHz T F ◆ ■ ◆ 75 ■ ◆ ✶ ✶ 65 ◆ ● ✶ ● 55 ✶ 45 ● D 35 0 fpm Figure 16. 54 ■ R 200 fpm ● A 400 fpm Airflow (Linear Feet Per Minute) Typical Ambient Temperatures for TQFP with a 2-Layer Board Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 600 fpm P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 16 shows typical maximum ambient temperatures in degrees Centigrade for a PQFP package used on a 4layer to 6-layer board. The typical ambient temperatures are based on a 100-degree Centigrade maximum case temperature. Figure 17 graphically illustrates the typical temperatures in Table 16. Table 16. Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for PQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board Linear Feet per Minute Airflow Microcontroller Speed Typical Power (Watts) 0 fpm 200 fpm 400 fpm 600 fpm 40 MHz 1.2 78.8 81.1 83.5 85.8 33 MHz 1.0 82.5 84.4 86.4 88.3 25 MHz 0.7 86.7 88.2 89.7 91.2 20 MHz 0.6 89.4 90.6 91.7 92.9 95 Typical Ambient Temperature (Degrees C) ■ Legend: ● 40 MHz ✵ 33 MHz ◆ 25 Mhz ■ 20 MHz T F ■ 90 ■ ◆ ■ ✶ ◆ ◆ 85 ◆ ✶ ✶ ● ● ✶ ● 80 ● 75 D 70 0 fpm Figure 17. R 200 fpm A 400 fpm 600 fpm Airflow (Linear Feet Per Minute) Typical Ambient Temperatures for PQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 55 P R E L I M I N A R Y Table 17 shows typical maximum ambient temperatures in degrees Centigrade for a TQFP package used on a 4layer to 6-layer board. The typical ambient temperatures are based on a 100-degree Centigrade maximum case temperature. Figure 18 graphically illustrates the typical temperatures in Table 17. Table 17. Typical Ambient Temperatures (°C) for TQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board Linear Feet per Minute Airflow Microcontroller Speed Typical Power (Watts) 0 fpm 200 fpm 400 fpm 600 fpm 40 MHz 1.2 71.7 74.0 76.4 78.8 33 MHz 1.0 76.6 78.6 80.5 82.5 25 MHz 0.7 82.3 83.8 85.3 86.7 20 MHz 0.6 85.8 87.0 88.2 89.4 90 ■ Typical Ambient Temperature (Degrees C) ■ Legend: ● 40 MHz ✵ 33 MHz ◆ 25 Mhz ■ 20 MHz T F ■ ◆ ■ ◆ 85 ◆ ✶ ◆ ✶ 80 ● ✶ ✶ 75 ● ● 70 D 65 0 fpm R A 200 fpm ● 400 fpm 600 fpm Airflow (Linear Feet Per Minute) Figure 18. Typical Ambient Temperatures for TQFP with a 4-Layer to 6-Layer Board 56 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS AND WAVEFORMS In the switching waveforms that follow, several abbreviations are used to indicate the specific periods of a bus cycle. These periods are referred to as time states. A typical bus cycle is composed of four consecutive time states: t1, t2, t3, and t4. Wait states, which represent multiple t3 states, are referred to as tw states. When no bus cycle is pending, an idle (ti) state occurs. In t h e s w i tc h i n g pa r a m e te r de s c r i p t i on s , t h e multiplexed address is referred to as the AD address bus; the demultiplexed address is referred to as the A address bus. Key to Switching Waveforms WAVEFORM D R INPUT OUTPUT Must be Steady Will be Steady May Change from H to L Will be Changing from H to L May Change from L to H Will be Changing from L to H Don’t Care, Any Change Permitted Changing, State Unknown Does Not Apply Center Line is HighImpedance Off State Invalid Invalid A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F 57 P R E L I M I N A R Y Alphabetical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols Parameter Symbol No. tARYCH 49 ARDY Resolution Transition Setup Time tARYCHL 51 ARDY Inactive Holding Time tARYHDSH(a) tARYHDV(a) 95 ARDY High to DS High 89 ARDY Assert to Data Valid tARYLCL 52 ARDY Setup Time tARYLDSH(a) 96 ARDY Low to DS High tAVBL 87 A Address Valid to WHB, WLB Low tAVCH 14 AD Address Valid to Clock High tAVLL 12 AD Address Valid to ALE Low tAVRL 66 A Address Valid to RD Low tAVWL 65 A Address Valid to WR Low tAZRL 24 AD Address Float to RD Active tCH1CH2 45 CLKOUTA Rise Time tCHAV 68 CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid T F tCHCA 104 CLKOUTA High to CAS Active tCHCAV 101 CLKOUTA Low to Column Address Valid tCHCK 38 X1 High Time tCHCL 44 CLKOUTA High Time tCHCSV 67 CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid tCHCSX 18 MCS/PCS Inactive Delay tCHCTV 22 Control Active Delay 2 tCHCV 64 Command Lines Valid Delay (after Float) Command Lines Float Delay tCHCZ 63 tCHDX 8 tCHLH 9 tCHLL 11 tCHRA 106 D 58 Description R A Status Hold Time ALE Active Delay ALE Inactive Delay CLKOUTA High to RAS Active tCHSV 3 Status Active Delay tCICOA 69 X1 to CLKOUTA Skew tCICOB 70 X1 to CLKOUTB Skew tCHRX 103 CLKOUTA High to RAS Inactive tCKHL 39 X1 Fall Time tCKIN 36 X1 Period tCKLH 40 X1 Rise Time tCL2CL1 46 CLKOUTA Fall Time tCLARX 50 ARDY Active Hold Time tCLAV 5 AD Address Valid Delay and BHE tCLAX 6 Address Hold tCLAZ 15 AD Address Float Delay tCLCH 43 CLKOUTA Low Time tCLCK 37 X1 Low Time tCLCL 42 CLKOUTA Period Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y Alphabetical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols (continued) Parameter Symbol No. Description tCLCSV 16 MCS/PCS Active Delay tCLCX 105 CLKOUTA Low to CAS Inactive tCLRX 107 CLKOUTA Low to RAS Inactive tCLDOX 30 Data Hold Time tCLDV 7 Data Valid Delay tCLDX 2 Data in Hold tCLHAV 62 HLDA Valid Delay tCLRA 102 CLKOUTA Low to RAS Active tCLRH 27 RD Inactive Delay tCLRL 25 RD Active Delay tCLSH 4 Status Inactive Delay tCLSRY 48 SRDY Transition Hold Time tCLTMV 55 Timer Output Delay tCOAOB(a) tCSHARYL(a) 83 CLKOUTA to CLKOUTB Skew 88 Chip Select to ARDY Low tCVCTV 20 Control Active Delay 1 tCVCTX 31 Control Inactive Delay tCVDEX 21 DEN Inactive Delay T F tCXCSX 17 MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive tDSHDIR(a) 92 DS High to Data Invalid—Read tDSHDIW 98 DS High to Data Invalid—Write tDSHDX(a) 93 DS High to Data Bus Turn-off Time tDSHLH 41 DS Inactive to ALE Inactive tDSLDD(a) tDSLDV(a) tDVCL tDVDSL(a) D tDXDL tHVCL tINVCH tINVCL R A 90 DS Low to Data Driven 91 DS Low to Data Valid 1 Data in Setup 97 Data Valid to DS Low 19 DEN Inactive to DT/R Low 58 HOLD Setup 53 Peripheral Setup Time 54 DRQ Setup Time tLHAV 23 ALE High to Address Valid tLHLL 10 ALE Width tLLAX 13 AD Address Hold from ALE Inactive tLOCK 61 Maximum PLL Lock Time tPLAL 99 PCS Active to ALE Inactive tRD0W 110 RAS To Column Address Delay Time with 0 Wait States tRD1W 111 RAS to Column Address Delay Time with 1 or More Wait States tRESIN 57 RES Setup Time tRHAV 29 RD Inactive to AD Address Active tRHDX 59 RD High to Data Hold on AD Bus 94 RD High to Data Bus Turn-off Time 28 RD Inactive to ALE High tRHDZ (a) tRHLH Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 59 P R E L I M I N A R Y Alphabetical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols (continued) Parameter Symbol No. Description tRLRH 26 RD Pulse Width tRP0W 108 RAS Inactive Pulse Width (0 Wait States) tRP1W 109 RAS Inactive Pulse Width (1 Wait State) tSRYCL 47 SRDY Transition Setup Time tWHDEX 35 WR Inactive to DEN Inactive tWHDX 34 Data Hold after WR tWHLH 33 WR Inactive to ALE High tWLWH 32 WR Pulse Width Note: a Specs 83 and 88–97 are defined but not used at this time. Additionally, the following parameters are not defined nor used at this time: 56, 60, and 71–78. D 60 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y Numerical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols No. Parameter Symbol Description 1 tDVCL Data in Setup 2 tCLDX Data in Hold 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 6 tCLAX Address Hold 7 tCLDV Data Valid Delay 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 12 tAVLL AD Address Valid to ALE Low 13 tLLAX AD Address Hold from ALE Inactive 14 tAVCH AD Address Valid to Clock High 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay 16 tCLCSV MCS/PCS Active Delay 17 tCXCSX MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive 18 tCHCSX MCS/PCS Inactive Delay 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low 20 tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1 21 tCVDEX DEN Inactive Delay 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2 23 tLHAV 24 tAZRL 25 tCLRL 26 tRLRH 27 tCLRH 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 D tRHLH tRHAV tCLDOX tCVCTX A ALE High to Address Valid R T F AD Address Float to RD Active RD Active Delay RD Pulse Width RD Inactive Delay RD Inactive to ALE High RD Inactive to AD Address Active Data Hold Time Control Inactive Delay tWLWH WR Pulse Width tWHLH WR Inactive to ALE High tWHDX Data Hold after WR tWHDEX WR Inactive to DEN Inactive 36 tCKIN X1 Period 37 tCLCK X1 Low Time 38 tCHCK X1 High Time 39 tCKHL X1 Fall Time 40 tCKLH X1 Rise Time 41 tDSHLH DS Inactive to ALE Inactive 42 tCLCL CLKOUTA Period Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 61 P R E L I M I N A R Y Numerical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols (continued) No. Parameter Symbol 43 tCLCH CLKOUTA Low Time 44 tCHCL CLKOUTA High Time 45 tCH1CH2 CLKOUTA Rise Time 46 tCL2CL1 CLKOUTA Fall Time 47 tSRYCL SRDY Transition Setup Time 48 tCLSRY SRDY Transition Hold Time 49 tARYCH ARDY Resolution Transition Setup Time 50 tCLARX ARDY Active Hold Time 51 tARYCHL ARDY Inactive Holding Time 52 tARYLCL ARDY Setup Time 53 tINVCH Peripheral Setup Time 54 tINVCL DRQ Setup Time 55 tCLTMV Timer Output Delay 57 tRESIN RES Setup Time 58 tHVCL HOLD Setup 59 tRHDX RD High to Data Hold on AD Bus 61 tLOCK Maximum PLL Lock Time 62 tCLHAV HLDA Valid Delay 63 tCHCZ Command Lines Float Delay 64 tCHCV Command Lines Valid Delay (after Float) 65 tAVWL A Address Valid to WR Low 66 tAVRL A Address Valid to RD Low 67 tCHCSV 68 tCHAV 69 tCICOA 70 tCICOB 83(a) tCOAOB 87 88(a) 89(a) 90(a) 91(a) 92(a) 93(a) 62 D tAVBL tCSHARYL tARYHDV tDSLDD Description A CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid R CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid X1 to CLKOUTA Skew X1 to CLKOUTB Skew CLKOUTA to CLKOUTB Skew A Address Valid to WHB, WLB Low Chip Select to ARDY Low ARDY Assert to Data Valid DS Low to Data Driven tDSLDV DS Low to Data Valid tDSHDIR DS High to Data Invalid—Read tDSHDX DS High to Data Bus Turn-off Time Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y Numerical Key to Switching Parameter Symbols (continued) No. Parameter Symbol 94(a) Description tRHDZ 95(a) tARYHDSH ARDY High to DS High 96(a) tARYLDSH ARDY Low to DS High 97(a) tDVDSL Data Valid to DS Low 98 tDSHDIW DS High to Data Invalid—Write 99 tPLAL 101 tCHCAV 102 tCLRA CLKOUTA Low to RAS Active 103 tCHRX CLKOUTA High to RAS Inactive 104 tCHCA CLKOUTA High to CAS Active 105 tCLCX CLKOUTA Low to CAS Inactive 106 tCHRA CLKOUTA High to RAS Active 107 tCLRX CLKOUTA Low to RAS Inactive 108 tRP0W RAS Inactive Pulse Width (0 Wait States) 109 tRP1W RAS Inactive Pulse Width (1 Wait State) 110 tRD0W RAS To Column Address Delay Time with 0 Wait States 111 tRD1W RAS to Column Address Delay Time with 1 or More Wait States RD High to Data Bus Turn-off Time PCS Active to ALE Inactive CLKOUTA Low to Column Address Valid T F Note: a Specs 83 and 88–97 are defined but not used at this time. Additionally, the following parameters are not defined nor used at this time: 56, 60, and 71–78. D R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 63 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Read Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description Min 25 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Requirements 1 tDVCL Data in Setup 10 10 ns 2 tCLDX Data in Hold(c) 3 3 ns General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 0 25 0 20 ns 6 tCLAX Address Hold 0 25 0 20 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 0 20 ns 0 20 ns 0 25 0 20 ns 0 25 0 20 ns 28 15 24 ns AD Address Valid to ALE Low(a) tCLCH –2 13 tLLAX AD Address Hold from ALE Inactive(a) tCHCL –2 14 tAVCH AD Address Valid to Clock High 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay tCLAX =0 16 tCLCSV MCS/PCS Active Delay 0 17 tCXCSX MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive(a) 18 tCHCSX MCS/PCS Inactive Delay 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low(a) 20 tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 21 tCVDEX DEN Inactive Delay 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(b) 23 tLHAV ALE High to Address Valid 99 tPLAL PCS Active to ALE Inactive tCLCL –10=30 25 0 tCLCH –2 A 0 0 20 tCLCH –2 AD Address Float to RD Active 25 tCLRL RD Active Delay 0 26 tRLRH RD Pulse Width 2tCLCL –15=85 27 tCLRH RD Inactive Delay 28 tRHLH RD Inactive to ALE High(a) ns ns ns 0 ns 25 tCLAX =0 20 ns 25 0 20 ns 20 ns tCLCH –2 25 0 0 15 0 0 ns tCHCL –2 20 15 tAZRL Active(a) ns ns 25 ALE Inactive Delay tAVLL D 0 ns 0 tCHLL R 20 T F 11 24 0 25 tCLCL –10=40 12 Read Cycle Timing Responses 25 0 ns 20 2tCLCL –15=65 25 0 ns ns 0 25 ns ns ns 20 ns tCLCH –3 tCLCH –3 ns tCLCL –10=40 tCLCL –10=30 ns tCLCH –2=21 tCLCH –2=16 ns 0 0 ns tCLCL + tCHCL–3 tCLCL + tCHCL–3 ns 29 tRHAV RD Inactive to AD Address 41 tDSHLH DS Inactive to ALE Active 59 tRHDX RD High to Data Hold on AD Bus(c) 66 tAVRL A Address Valid to RD Low(a) 67 tCHCSV CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid 0 25 0 20 ns 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 25 0 20 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN, DS, INTA1–INTA0, WR, WHB, and WLB signals. c If either spec 2 or spec 59 is met with respect to data hold time, the part will function correctly. 64 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Read Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 33 MHz Description Min 40 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Requirements 1 tDVCL Data in Setup 8 5 ns 2 tCLDX Data in Hold(c) 3 2 ns General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 0 15 0 12 ns 6 tCLAX Address Hold 0 15 0 12 ns 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 12 tAVLL AD Address Valid to ALE Low(a) 15 0 0 15 tCLCL –10=20 Inactive(a) 12 T F 12 tCLCH –2 ns ns ns ns 13 tLLAX AD Address Hold from ALE 14 tAVCH AD Address Valid to Clock High 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay tCLAX =0 15 tCLAX =0 12 ns 16 tCLCSV MCS/PCS Active Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 17 tCXCSX MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive(a) 18 tCHCSX MCS/PCS Inactive Delay Low(a) 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R 20 tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 21 tCVDEX DEN Inactive Delay 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(b) 23 tLHAV ALE High to Address Valid 99 tPLAL PCS Active to ALE Inactive Read Cycle Timing Responses D R tAZRL AD Address Float to RD Active 25 tCLRL RD Active Delay 26 tRLRH RD Pulse Width 24 tCHCL –2 ns ns tCLCL –5=20 15 tCLCH –2 12 0 tCLCH –2 A 0 0 0 tCHCL –2 ns 0 ns tCLCH –2 15 0 12 0 15 0 12 ns ns ns ns 0 15 0 12 ns 0 15 0 12 ns 18 ns 10 12 7.5 20 10 0 0 0 15 2tCLCL –15=45 0 ns 0 ns 10 2tCLCL –10=40 15 27 tCLRH RD Inactive Delay 28 tRHLH RD Inactive to ALE High(a) 29 tRHAV RD Inactive to AD Address Active(a) 41 tDSHLH DS Inactive to ALE Active 59 tRHDX RD High to Data Hold on AD Bus(c) 66 tAVRL A Address Valid to RD Low(a) 67 tCHCSV CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid 0 15 0 10 ns 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 15 0 10 ns tCLCH –3 0 ns ns 12 ns tCLCH –2 ns tCLCL –10=20 tCLCL –5=20 ns tCLCH –2=11.5 tCLCH –2=9.25 0 0 ns tCLCL + tCHCL–3 tCLCL + tCHCL–1.25 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN, DS, INTA1–INTA0, WR, WHB, and WLB signals. c If either spec 2 or spec 59 is met with respect to data hold time, the part will function correctly. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 65 P R E L I M I N A R Y READ CYCLE WAVEFORMS t1 t2 t3 t4 tW CLKOUTA 66 Address A19–A0 8 68 S6 S6 INVALID S6 14 1 6 (a) AD15–AD0 , AD7–AD0(b) Address Data 2 Address AD15–AD8(b) 23 11 59 ALE 15 10 RD 28 24 26 12 5 25 BHE(a) 67 13 LCS, UCS 99 16 DEN, DS D 19 DT/R 22 S2–S0 A BHE MCS1–MCS0, PCS6–PCS5, PCS3–PCS0 R (c) 20 4 Status 3 UZI Notes: a Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers in 16-bit mode b Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers in 8-bit mode c Changes in t phase preceding next bus cycle if followed by read, INTA, or halt. 66 T F 29 9 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 27 41 18 17 21 22 (c) P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Write Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description Min 25 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 0 25 0 20 ns 6 tCLAX Address Hold 0 25 0 20 ns 7 tCLDV Data Valid Delay 0 15 0 15 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 12 tAVLL AD Address Valid to ALE Low(a) 0 25 tCLCL –10=40 20 tCLCL –10=30 25 ns ns 20 T F ns 15 28 15 24 ns 25 0 20 ns tCLCH –2 Inactive(a) ns ns ns 13 tLLAX AD Address Hold from ALE 14 tAVCH AD Address Valid to Clock High 16 tCLCSV MCS/PCS Active Delay 17 tCXCSX MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive(a) 18 tCHCSX MCS/PCS Inactive Delay 0 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low(a) 0 20 tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 0 15 0 15 ns 21 tCVDEX DS Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2 0 25 0 20 ns 23 tLHAV ALE High to Address Valid 99 tPLAL PCS Active to ALE Inactive Write Cycle Timing Responses 30 tCLDOX Data Hold Time 31 tCVCTX Control Inactive R Delay(b) tCHCL–2 20 tCLCH –2 0 0 tCLCH –2 A 25 ns 0 ns 0 20 tCLCH –2 25 0 20 0 15 0 0 tCHCL–2 0 ns ns ns ns ns ns 32 tWLWH WR Pulse Width 33 tWHLH WR Inactive to ALE High(a) 34 tWHDX Data Hold after WR(a) 35 tWHDEX WR Inactive to DEN Inactive(a) 41 tDSHLH DS Inactive to ALE Active 65 tAVWL A Address Valid to WR Low 67 tCHCSV CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid 0 25 0 20 ns 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 25 0 20 ns 87 tAVBL A Address Valid to WHB, WLB Low tCHCL –3 25 tCHCL –3 20 ns 98 tDSHDIW D DS High to Data Invalid—Write 2tCLCL –10=90 2tCLCL –10=70 ns tCLCH –2 tCLCH –2 ns tCLCL –10=40 tCLCL –10=30 ns tCLCH –3 tCLCH –3 ns tCLCH –2=21 tCLCH –2=16 ns tCLCL+tCHCL –3 tCLCL +tCHCL –3 ns 35 30 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH = 2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN, DS, INTA1–INTA0, WR, WHB, and WLB signals. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 67 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Write Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 33 MHz Description Min 40 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 0 15 0 12 ns 6 tCLAX Address Hold 0 7 tCLDV Data Valid Delay 0 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 12 tAVLL AD Address Valid to ALE Low(a) 0 15 0 12 0 15 tCLCL –10=20 ns ns 12 tCLCL –5=20 15 ns ns 10 T F ns 12 20 10 18 ns 15 0 12 ns tCLCH –2 Inactive(a) ns ns 13 tLLAX AD Address Hold from ALE 14 tAVCH AD Address Valid to Clock High 16 tCLCSV MCS/PCS Active Delay 17 tCXCSX MCS/PCS Hold from Command Inactive(a) 18 tCHCSX MCS/PCS Inactive Delay 0 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low(a) 0 20 tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 0 15 0 12 ns 21 tCVDEX DS Inactive Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2 0 15 0 12 ns 23 tLHAV ALE High to Address Valid 99 tPLAL PCS Active to ALE Inactive Write Cycle Timing Responses 30 tCLDOX Data Hold Time R Delay(b) 31 tCVCTX Control Inactive 32 tWLWH WR Pulse Width 33 tWHLH WR Inactive to ALE High(a) D tCHCL–2 12 tCLCH –2 0 0 tCLCH –2 A WR(a) 15 ns 0 ns 0 12 tCLCH –2 15 0 12 0 7.5 0 0 tCHCL–2 0 ns ns ns ns ns ns 2tCLCL –10=50 2tCLCL –10=40 ns tCLCH –2 tCLCH –2 ns tCLCL –10=20 tCLCL –10=15 ns tCLCH –3 tCLCH –3 ns 34 tWHDX Data Hold after 35 tWHDEX WR Inactive to DEN Inactive(a) 41 tDSHLH DS Inactive to ALE Active tCLCH –2=11.5 tCLCH –2=9.25 ns 65 tAVWL A Address Valid to WR Low tCLCL +tCHCL –3 tCLCL +tCHCL –1.25 ns 67 tCHCSV CLKOUTA High to LCS/UCS Valid 0 15 0 10 ns 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 15 0 10 ns 87 tAVBL A Address Valid to WHB, WLB Low tCHCL –3 15 tCHCL –1.25 12 ns 98 tDSHDIW DS High to Data Invalid—Write 20 15 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN, DS, INTA1–INTA0, WR, WHB, and WLB signals. 68 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y WRITE CYCLE WAVEFORMS t1 t2 t3 t4 tW CLKOUTA 65 A19–A0 Address 68 8 S6 S6 INVALID S6 14 AD15–AD0(a) 7 , 30 Address Data AD7–AD0(b) 6 AD15–AD8(b) T F Address 23 11 9 34 13 ALE 31 10 33 32 WR 12 20 WHB, WLB 87 5 BHE 67 LCS, UCS R 16 MCS3–MCS0, PCS6–PCS5, PCS3–PCS0 DEN DS DT/R S2–S0 D 22 41 20 A 31 BHE 99 18 17 35 20 31 98 21 20 19 (c) (c) 22 Status 3 4 UZI Notes: a Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers in 16-bit mode b Am186ED/EDLV microcontrollers in 8-bit mode c Changes in t phase preceding next bus cycle if followed by read, INTA, or halt Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 69 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges DRAM Parameter No. Symbol Description General Timing Responses 101 tCHCAV CLKOUTA Low to Column Address Valid CLKOUTA Low to RAS Active 102 tCLRA 103 tCHRX CLKOUTA High to RAS Inactive CLKOUTA High to CAS Active 104 tCHCA 105 tCLCX CLKOUTA Low to CAS Inactive 106 tCHRA CLKOUTA High to RAS Active CLKOUTA Low to RAS Inactive 107 tCLRX 108 tRP0W RAS Inactive Pulse Width with 0 Wait States RAS Inactive Pulse Width with 1 or 109 tRP1W More Wait States RAS To Column Address Delay 110 tRD0W Time with 0 Wait States RAS to Column Address Delay 111 tRD1W Time with 1 or More Wait States 20 MHz Min Max Preliminary 25 MHz 33 MHz Min Max Min Max 40 MHz Min Max Unit 0 25 0 20 0 15 0 12 ns 3 3 3 3 3 3 60 25 25 25 25 25 25 — 3 3 3 3 3 3 50 20 20 20 20 20 20 — 3 3 3 3 3 3 40 15 15 15 15 15 15 — 3 3 3 3 3 3 30 12 12 12 12 12 12 — ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 70 — 60 — 25 — 20 — 30 — 25 — T F 50 — 40 — ns 15 — 15 — ns 20 — 15 — ns Frequency As guaranteed by design, the following table shows the minimum time for RAS assertion to RAS assertion. These minimums correlate to DRAM spec tRC. 40 MHz 33 MHz 25 MHz 20 MHz 0 90 110 130 150 D 70 Wait States 1 2 110 130 130 150 150 170 170 190 3 150 170 190 210 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y DRAM Read Cycle Timing with No-Wait States t3 t4 t1 t2 t3 t4 t1 CLKOUTA 5 15 AD[15:0] 1 Data Addr. 2 68 101 A[17:1] Column Row 110 103 102 RAS 108 104 CAS 25 T F 105 27 RD(a) Note: a The RD output connects to the DRAM output enable (OE) pin for read operations. A DRAM Read Cycle Timing with Wait State(s) t4 CLKOUTA AD[15:0] A[17:1] RAS D R t1 5 t2 t3 tw t4 15 1 Addr. 68 t1 Data 2 101 Row Column 110 107 102 109 104 105 CAS RD(a) 25 27 Note: a The RD output connects to the DRAM output enable (OE) pin for read operations. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 71 P R E L I M I N A R Y DRAM Write Cycle Timing with No-Wait States t4 t1 t2 t3 t4 t1 CLKOUTA 5 7 30 Addr. AD[15:0] Data 68 101 Row A[17:1] Column 110 103 102 RAS 108 T F 105 104 CAS 20 31 WR(a) Note: a Write operations use the WR output connected to the DRAM write enable (WE) pin. A DRAM Write Cycle Timing With Wait State(s) t4 CLKOUTA D AD[15:0] A[17:1] RAS R t1 5 t2 t3 tw t4 t1 7 30 Addr. 68 Data 101 Row 102 Column 110 107 109 104 105 CAS WR(a) 20 Note: a Write operations use the WR output connected to the DRAM write enable (WE) pin. 72 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 31 P R E L I M I N A R Y DRAM CAS-before-RAS Cycle Timing t4 t1 t2 tW tW tW t3 t4 t1 CLKOUTA 5 AD[15:0] 15 FFFF 68 A[17:1] 101 X X 107 106 RAS T F 109 104 105 CAS(a) 25 27 RD(b) Notes: a CAS before RAS cycle timing is always 7 clocks, independent of wait state timing. b A The RD output connects to the DRAM output enable (OE) pin for read operations. D R Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 73 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Interrupt Acknowledge Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description Min 25 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Requirements 1 tDVCL Data in Setup 10 10 ns 2 tCLDX Data in Hold 3 3 ns General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 7 tCLDV Data Valid Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 0 25 tCLCL –10=40 tCLCL –10=30 T F 25 12 tAVLL AD Address Invalid to ALE 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay Low(a) tCLCH –2 tCLAX =0 Low(a) ns 20 20 tCLCH –2 25 20 ns ns ns 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 21 tCVDEX DEN Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(c) 0 25 0 20 ns ALE High to Address Valid 20 23 tLHAV tCVCTX Control Inactive Delay(b) 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 A 0 ns 20 31 0 tCLAX =0 ns 25 0 20 15 ns ns ns 0 25 0 20 ns 0 25 0 20 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. R a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the INTA1–INTA0 signals. c This parameter applies to the DEN and DT/R signals. 74 D Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Interrupt Acknowledge Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 33 MHz Description Min 40 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Requirements 1 tDVCL Data in Setup 8 5 ns 2 tCLDX Data in Hold 3 2 ns General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 7 tCLDV Data Valid Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 8 tCHDX Status Hold Time 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 0 15 tCLCL –10=20 tCLCL –5=20 T F 15 12 tAVLL AD Address Invalid to ALE 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay Low(a) tCLCH tCLAX =0 Low(a) ns 12 12 tCLCH 15 12 ns ns ns 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R tCVCTV Control Active Delay 1(b) 21 tCVDEX DEN Inactive Delay 0 15 0 12 ns 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(c) 0 15 0 12 ns ALE High to Address Valid 10 23 tLHAV tCVCTX Control Inactive Delay(b) 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Valid 0 A 0 ns 20 31 0 tCLAX =0 ns 15 0 12 7.5 ns ns ns 0 15 0 12 ns 0 15 0 10 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. R a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the INTA1–INTA0 signals. c This parameter applies to the DEN and DT/R signals. D Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 75 P R E L I M I N A R Y INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE CYCLE WAVEFORMS t1 t2 t3 t4 tW CLKOUTA 68 Address A19–A0 7 S6 8 Invalid S6 S6 1 2 12 AD15–AD0 Ptr 15 T F 23 9 ALE 10 11 4 BHE BHE INTA1–INTA0 20 DEN 22 DT/R S2–S0 (b) D R 19 (c) A 31 21 22 4 (a) 3 22 (d) Status Notes: a The status bits become inactive in the state preceding t4. 76 b The data hold time lasts only until the interrupt acknowledge signal deasserts, even if the interrupt acknowledge transition occurs prior to tCLDX (min). c This parameter applies for an interrupt acknowledge cycle that follows a write cycle. d If followed by a write cycle, this change occurs in the state preceding that write cycle. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Software Halt Cycle (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description Min 25 MHz Max Min Max Unit General Timing Responses 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 5 tCLAV AD Address Invalid Delay and BHE 0 25 0 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low(a) 0 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(b) 0 25 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Invalid 0 25 20 ns 20 ns 20 ns 0 20 ns 0 20 ns 25 tCLCL –10=40 tCLCL –10=30 25 ns 0 ns T F Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN signal. SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Software Halt Cycle (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Parameter No. Symbol General Timing Responses A 33 MHz Description R Min Preliminary 40 MHz Max 3 tCHSV Status Active Delay 4 tCLSH Status Inactive Delay 5 tCLAV AD Address Invalid Delay and BHE 9 tCHLH ALE Active Delay 10 tLHLL ALE Width 11 tCHLL ALE Inactive Delay 19 tDXDL DEN Inactive to DT/R Low(a) 0 22 tCHCTV Control Active Delay 2(b) 0 15 68 tCHAV CLKOUTA High to A Address Invalid 0 15 D Min Max Unit 0 15 0 12 ns 0 15 0 12 ns 15 0 0 12 ns 12 ns 12 ns 0 12 ns 0 10 ns 15 tCLCL –10=20 tCLCL –5=20 15 ns 0 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a Testing is performed with equal loading on referenced pins. b This parameter applies to the DEN signal. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 77 P R E L I M I N A R Y SOFTWARE HALT CYCLE WAVEFORMS t1 t2 ti ti CLKOUTA 68 A19–A0 Invalid Address 5 Invalid Address S6, AD15–AD0 10 ALE 9 11 DEN 19 DT/R 22 4 Status S2–S0 3 D 78 R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Clock (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description 25 MHz Min Max 60 Min Max 40 60 Unit CLKIN Requirements 36 tCKIN X1 Period(a) 50 37 tCLCK X1 Low Time (1.5 V)(a) 15 38 tCHCK X1 High Time (1.5 V)(a) 15 39 tCKHL X1 Fall Time (3.5 to 1.0 V)(a) 40 tCKLH X1 Rise Time (1.0 to 3.5 V)(a) 15 ns ns 15 ns 5 5 ns 5 5 ns CLKOUT Timing 42 tCLCL CLKOUTA Period 50 40 ns 43 tCLCH CLKOUTA Low Time (CL =50 pF) 0.5tCLCL –2=23 0.5tCLCL –2=18 ns 44 tCHCL CLKOUTA High Time (CL =50 pF) 0.5tCLCL –2=23 45 tCH1CH2 CLKOUTA Rise Time (1.0 to 3.5 V) 3 46 tCL2CL1 CLKOUTA Fall Time (3.5 to 1.0 V) 3 0.5tCLCL –2=18 61 tLOCK Maximum PLL Lock Time 1 69 tCICOA X1 to CLKOUTA Skew 15 70 tCICOB X1 to CLKOUTB Skew 25 T F ns 3 ns 3 ns 1 ms 15 ns 25 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a A The specifications for CLKIN are applicable to the normal PLL and CLKDIV2 modes. The PLL should be used for operations from 16.667 MHz to 40 MHz. For operations below 16.667 MHz, the CLKDIV2 mode should be used. R Because the CLKDIV2 input frequency is two times the system frequency, the specifications for twice the frequency should be used for CLKDIV2 mode. For example, use the 20 MHz CLKIN specifications for 10 MHz operation. D Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 79 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over Commercial operating ranges Clock (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 33 MHz Description 40 MHz Min Max 60 Min Max Unit 25 60 ns CLKIN Requirements 36 tCKIN X1 Period(a) 30 37 tCLCK X1 Low Time (1.5 V)(a) 10 38 tCHCK X1 High Time (1.5 V)(a) 10 39 tCKHL X1 Fall Time (3.5 to 1.0 V)(a) 5 5 ns 40 tCKLH X1 Rise Time (1.0 to 3.5 V)(a) 5 5 ns 7.5 ns 7.5 ns CLKOUT Timing 42 tCLCL CLKOUTA Period 30 25 ns 43 tCLCH CLKOUTA Low Time (CL =50 pF) 0.5tCLCL –1.5 =13.5 0.5tCLCL –1.25 =11.25 ns 44 tCHCL CLKOUTA High Time (CL =50 pF) 0.5tCLCL –1.5 =13.5 45 tCH1CH2 CLKOUTA Rise Time (1.0 to 3.5 V) 46 tCL2CL1 CLKOUTA Fall Time (3.5 to 1.0 V) 3 61 tLOCK Maximum PLL Lock Time 1 69 tCICOA X1 to CLKOUTA Skew 15 15 ns 70 tCICOB X1 to CLKOUTB Skew 25 25 ns 0.5tCLCL –1.25 =11.25 3 T F 3 ns ns 3 ns 1 ms Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a A The specifications for CLKIN are applicable to the normal PLL and CLKDIV2 modes. The PLL should be used for operations from 16.667 MHz to 40 MHz. For operations below 16.667 MHz, the CLKDIV2 mode should be used. Because the CLKDIV2 input frequency is two times the system frequency, the specifications for twice the frequency should used for CLKDIV2 mode. For example, use the 20 MHz CLKIN specifications for 10 MHz operation. D 80 R Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y CLOCK WAVEFORMS Clock Waveforms—Active Mode X2 37 36 38 X1 39 40 45 46 CLKOUTA (Active, F=000) 69 42 43 44 CLKOUTB 70 Clock Waveforms—Power-Save Mode X2 X1 CLKOUTA (Power-Save, F=010) CLKOUTB (Like X1, CBF=1) D CLKOUTB (Like CLKOUTA, CBF=0) R A Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers T F 81 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Ready and Peripheral (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Preliminary 20 MHz 25 MHz Parameter No. Symbol Description Min Max Min Max Unit Ready and Peripheral Timing Requirements 47 tSRYCL SRDY Transition Setup Time(a) 10 10 ns 48 tCLSRY SRDY Transition Hold Time(a) 3 3 ns 49 tARYCH ARDY Resolution Transition Setup Time(b) 10 10 ns 50 tCLARX ARDY Active Hold Time(a) 4 4 ns 51 tARYCHL ARDY Inactive Holding Time 6 6 ns 52 tARYLCL ARDY Setup Time(a) 15 15 ns 53 tINVCH Peripheral Setup Time(b) 10 10 ns 54 tINVCL DRQ Setup Time(b) 10 10 ns Peripheral Timing Responses 55 tCLTMV Timer Output Delay T F 25 20 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a This timing must be met to guarantee proper operation. b This timing must be met to guarantee recognition at the clock edge. A SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Ready and Peripheral (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Parameter No. Symbol R Description Ready and Peripheral Timing Requirements 47 tSRYCL SRDY Transition Setup Time(a) 48 tCLSRY SRDY Transition Hold Time(a) D Preliminary 33 MHz Min Time(b) 40 MHz Max Min Max Unit 8 5 ns 3 2 ns 8 5 ns 4 3 ns 49 tARYCH ARDY Resolution Transition Setup 50 tCLARX ARDY Active Hold Time(a) 51 tARYCHL ARDY Inactive Holding Time 6 5 ns 52 tARYLCL ARDY Setup Time(a) 10 5 ns 53 tINVCH Peripheral Setup Time(b) 8 5 ns 54 tINVCL DRQ Setup Time(b) 8 5 ns Peripheral Timing Responses 55 tCLTMV Timer Output Delay 15 12 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a This timing must be met to guarantee proper operation. b This timing must be met to guarantee recognition at the clock edge. 82 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y SYNCHRONOUS, ASYNCHRONOUS, and PERIPHERAL WAVEFORMS Synchronous Ready Waveforms Case 1 tW tW tW t4 Case 2 t3 tW tW t4 Case 3 t2 t3 tW t4 Case 4 t1 t2 t3 t4 CLKOUTA 47 SRDY 48 Asynchronous Ready Waveforms Case 1 tW tW Case 2 t3 tW Case 3 t2 t3 Case 4 t1 t2 A CLKOUTA ARDY (Normally NotReady System) ARDY (Normally Ready System) D 49 R T F tW t4 tW t4 tW t4 t3 t4 50 49 50 51 52 Peripheral Waveforms CLKOUTA 53 INT4–INT0, NMI, TMRIN1–TMRIN0 54 DRQ1–DRQ0 55 TMROUT1– TMROUT0 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 83 P R E L I M I N A R Y SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL and INDUSTRIAL operating ranges Reset and Bus Hold (20 MHz and 25 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 20 MHz Description 25 MHz Min Max Min Max Unit Reset and Bus Hold Timing Requirements 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 0 25 0 20 ns 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay 0 25 0 20 ns 57 tRESIN RES Setup Time 10 10 ns 58 tHVCL HOLD Setup(a) 10 10 ns Reset and Bus Hold Timing Responses tCLHAV HLDA Valid Delay 63 tCHCZ Command Lines Float Delay 64 tCHCV Command Lines Valid Delay (after Float) 62 0 25 0 20 ns 25 20 ns 25 20 ns T F SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS over COMMERCIAL operating ranges Reset and Bus Hold (33 MHz and 40 MHz) Preliminary Parameter No. Symbol 33 MHz Description Min Reset and Bus Hold Timing Requirements 5 tCLAV AD Address Valid Delay and BHE 15 tCLAZ AD Address Float Delay 57 tRESIN RES Setup Time 58 tHVCL HOLD Setup(a) A 0 0 8 8 Reset and Bus Hold Timing Responses R 62 tCLHAV HLDA Valid Delay 63 tCHCZ Command Lines Float Delay 64 tCHCV Command Lines Valid Delay (after Float) 0 40 MHz Max Min Max Unit 15 0 12 ns 15 0 12 15 ns 5 ns 5 ns 12 ns 15 0 12 ns 15 12 ns Notes: All timing parameters are measured at 1.5 V with 50 pF loading on CLKOUTA, unless otherwise noted. All output test conditions are with CL =50 pF. For switching tests, VIL =0.45 V and VIH =2.4 V, except at X1 where VIH =VCC – 0.5 V. a 84 D This timing must be met to guarantee recognition at the next clock. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y RESET and BUS HOLD WAVEFORMS Reset Waveforms X1 57 57 RES CLKOUTA Signals Related to Reset Waveforms RES S2/BTSEL, CLKOUTA BHE/ADEN, S6/CLKDIV2, and UZI AD15–AD0 D R A T F Three-State Three-State Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 85 P R E L I M I N A R Y Bus Hold Waveforms—Entering Case 1 ti ti ti Case 2 t4 ti ti CLKOUTA 58 HOLD 62 HLDA 15 AD15–AD0, DEN 63 A19–A0, S6, RD, WR, BHE, DT/R, S2–S0 WHB, WLB Bus Hold Waveforms—Leaving CLKOUTA Case 1 ti Case 2 ti R 58 HOLD HLDA D A ti ti T F ti t1 t4 t1 62 5 AD15–AD0, DEN 64 A19–A0, S6, RD, WR, BHE, DT/R, S2–S0 WHB, WLB 86 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers P R E L I M I N A R Y TQFP PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS PQL 100, Trimmed and Formed Thin Quad Flat Pack 100 1 15.80 16.20 13.80 14.20 13.80 14.20 15.80 16.20 1.35 1.45 D 1.00 REF. 0.17 0.27 R A 0.50 BSC T F 11° – 13° 1.60 MAX 11° – 13° 16-038-PQT-2_AI PQL100 9.3.96 lv Notes: 1. All measurements are in millimeters, unless otherwise noted. 2. Not to scale; for reference only. Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers 87 P R E L I M I N A R Y PQFP PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS PQR 100, Trimmed and Formed Plastic Quad Flat Pack Pin 100 13.90 14.10 12.35 REF 17.00 17.40 Pin 80 Pin 1 I.D. T F 18.85 REF 19.90 20.10 23.00 23.40 Pin 30 2.70 2.90 D 0.25 MIN R A Pin 50 0.65 BASIC 3.35 MAX SEATING PLANE 16-038-PQR-1_AH PQR100 DP92 6-20-96 lv Notes: 1. All measurements are in millimeters, unless otherwise noted. 2. Not to scale; for reference only. Trademarks AMD, the AMD logo, and combinations thereof are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Am386 and Am486 are registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Am186, Am188, E86, K86, Élan, and AMD Facts-On-Demand are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. FusionE86 is a service mark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Product names used in this publication are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. 88 Am186ED/EDLV Microcontrollers