FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR DATA SHEET DS04-13103-6E Linear IC 6-Channel 8-BIT A/D Converter MB4053 ■ DESCRIPTION The Fujitsu MB4053 is 6-channel, 8-bit, single-slope A/D converter subsystem designed to be used in a microprocessor based data control system. The MB4053 is single monolithic bipolar IC providing a 1 of 8 address decoder, 8-channel analog multiplier, sample and hold, constant current generator, ramp integrator and comparator in a 16-pin package. This A/D converter subsystems are suitable for a wide range of applications. The resolution required by an application can be obtained by arbitarily selecting a suitable integration time. Also zero offset and full-scale error corrections can be made automatically (auto-zero and auto-calibration) to minimize conversion error. ■ FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • Microprocessor compatible Digital input/output: TTL compatible Zero offset and full-scale error correction capability Ratiometric conversion capability Available in 16-pin DIP and Flat Package Compatible with MC 14443 and µA9708 (DIP package) Single power supply: +4.75 V to +15 V Excellent Iinearity: ±0.2% max. error Fast conversion time: 300 µs/ch typ. Analog input volgage: 0 V to VCC – 2 V (5.25 V max.) Power Dissipation: 25 mW typ. at VCC = 5 V ■ PACKAGES 16-pin Plastic DIP 16-pin Plastic SOP (DIP-16P-M04) (FPT-16P-M06) MB4053 ■ PIN ASSIGNMENT (Top view) A1 1 16 A0 A2 2 15 I1 RAMP START 3 14 VCC CH 4 13 I2 GND 5 12 I3 RREF 6 11 I4 RAMP STOP 7 10 I5 VREF 8 9 I6 (DIP-16P-M04) (FPT-16P-M06) 2 MB4053 ■ PIN DESCRIPTION Pin no. Pin name Symbol Function 9 to 13 15 Analog input I1 thru I6 Analog inputs for the six channels. One of the 6 is selected by a specific bit pattern on A0 to A2. 16 1 2 Channel selection input A0 A1 A2 3 RAMP START signal input RAMP START A/D conversion start signal input. RAMP START (1 → 0) Ramp time start signal input. RAMP START (0 → 1) 7 RAMP STOP signal output RAMP STOP Indicates that CH is charged over comparator reference voltage VBE2. RAMP STOP (0 → 1) A/D conversion end signal (CH discharged to comparator reference voltage). RAMP STOP (0 → 1) 4 Ramp capacitor pin CH 8 Reference voltage supply pin VREF Reference voltage supply pin. This is the reference voltage source for determining the discharge current and the analog reference voltage for full-scale factor correction. When the channel selection input is set 111, this pin is selected for channel conversion. The full-scale factor is corrected using the conversion results. The voltage at this pin must be set to (GND + 2 V) to (VCC – 2 V) and 5.25 V or less. 6 Reference resistance pin RREF Pin for external reference resistance for setting the discharge current. 14 Power supply VCC 5 Ground GND Input for selecting an analog input channel. Either GND, one of channels I1 to I6 or VREF is selected by a specific bit pattern on the 3 inputs. Pin for externally connecting the ramp capacitor. The value of CH in conjunction with VREF and RREF establishes the ramp time. The external resistance is connected between the power source pin (VCC) and the reference resistance pin (RREF). The discharge current is, then, IR = (VCC – VREF)/RREF. Power supply pin Ground pin This pin is grounded. When the channel selection input is set to 000, this terminal is selected for channel conversion. The zero offset is corrected using the conversion results. 3 MB4053 ■ BLOCK DIAGRAM RAMP START (FROM MPU) VCC 14 3 SAMPLE/RAMP AMPLIFIER COMPARATOR I1 15 I2 13 I3 12 ANALOG INPUT + VBE1 IR ANALOG MULTIPLEXER I4 11 I5 10 VREF VBE2 + I6 9 – 8 REFERENCE CURRENT GENERATOR DECODER 16 1 2 A0 A1 A2 (FROM MPU) 4 – 6 5 4 RREF GND CH 7 RAMP STOP (TO MPU) MB4053 ■ ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Symbol Rating Min. Max. Unit Power supply voltage VCC — 18 V Digital input voltage VIND –0.5 +30 V Digital output voltage when off VOH –0.5 +18 V Analog input voltage VINA –0.5 +30 V IO — 10 mA –55 +150 °C –55 +125 °C Output current Storage temperature Ceramic Plastic Tstg WARNING: Semiconductor devices can be permanently damaged by application of stress (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) in excess of absolute maximum ratings. Do not exceed these ratings. ■ RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter Symbol Value Min. Typ. Max. Unit Power supply voltage VCC 4.75 5.0 15 V Reference voltage* VREF 2.0 — 5.25 V Ramp capacity CH 300 — — pF Reference current IR 12 — 50 µA Analog input voltage VIA 0 — VREF V Output current IO — — 1.6 mA Operating temperature Ta –40 — +85 °C * : 2 V ≤ VREF ≤ VCC – 2 V WARNING: Recommended operating conditions are normal operating ranges for the semiconductor device. All the device’s electrical characteristics are warranted when operated within these ranges. Always use semiconductor devices within the recommended operating conditions. Operation outside these ranges may adversely affect reliability and could result in device failure. No warranty is made with respect to uses, operating conditions, or combinations not represented on the data sheet. Users considering application outside the listed conditions are advised to contact their FUJITSU representative beforehand. 5 MB4053 ■ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTIC (VCC = 4.75 V to 15 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C) Parameter Symbol Value Min. Typ. Max. Unit Remarks Conversion error EA — ±0.2 ±0.3 % *1 Linearity error ER — ±0.08 ±0.2 % *2 Analog input current IB — –50 –250 nA Crosstalk between any two channels VCR 60 — — dB Multiplexer input offset voltage VOSM — 2.0 4.0 mV *3 Conversion time tC — 296 350 µs/ch See “■MEASURMENT CIRCUIT” Analog input: 0 thru VREF CH = 3300 pF, IR = 50 µA Acquisition time tA — 20 40 µs See “■MEASURMENT CIRCUIT” CH = 1000 pF*4 Acquisition current IA 150 — — µA Ramp start delay time tO — 100 — ns Multiplexer address time tM — 1 — µs Digital high level input voltage VIH 2.0 — — V Digital low level input voltage VIL — — 0.8 V Digital low level input current IIL — –5 –15 µA VIL = 0.4 V Digital high level input current IIH — — 1 µA VIH = 5.5 V High level output current IOH — — 10 µA VOH = 15 V Low level output voltage VOL — — 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA Power supply current ICC — 5 10 mA A minus sign (–) prefixing a current value indicates that the current flows from the IC to the external circuit. *1: Conversion error: For all channels, deviation from a straight line between two points obtained by channel addresses 000 (0 scale) and 111 (full scale). *2: Linearity error; Deviation from a straight line between the 0 and full scale points for each channel. *3: Crosstalk between channels: Voltage change VCH of CH terminal occurring when an input voltage of a channel is changed by ∆V1 while another channel is already charged (RAMP START = 0). This calculated by 20log ∆VCH ∆V1 *4: Acquisition time: Sum of multiplexer delay time, RAMP START delay time, and time required to charge the selected input voltage to the ramp capacitor. 6 MB4053 CONVERSION ERROR LINEARITY ERROR } tREF I1 to I6 tREF′ RAMP TIME RAMP TIME Address “111” EA Address “000” INPUT VOLTAGE In t0 ′ t0 0 ER VREF 0 INPUT VOLTAGE VREF 7 MB4053 ■ MEASURMENT CIRCUIT 4.75 V A1 I1 A1 A2 VCC RAMP START I2 I3 I4 CH GND I5 RREF I6 RAMP STOP VREF 2.75 V CH 20 kΩ IR 4.75 V 4.75 V Note: Adjust RREF in the range 40 to 200 kΩ so that IR is 12 to 50 µA. ■ DIAGRAM VIH A0 to A2 Input VIL tSL VIH RAMP START Input tA VIL tO VIN + VBE1 IR Slope = – CH CH Voltage VBE2 0V VOH RAMP STOP Output tR tC ■ CHANNEL SELECTION Input address line 8 A2 A1 A0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Selected analog input GND I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 VREF VOL MB4053 ■ TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS PEAK LINEARITY ERROR vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta LINEARITY ERROR vs INPUT VOLTAGE IR = 12 µA Peak Linearity Error [% of FSR] 0.16 VCC = 8 V VREF = 5 V CH = 1000 pF Ta = 25°C 0.12 25 µA 0.08 50 µA 0.04 0 0 1 2 3 Input Voltage VIA [V] 4 5 VCC = 8 V VREF = 5 V IR = 12 µA CH = 1000 pF 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 -50 0 50 100 Ambient Temperature Ta [°C] SUPPLY CURRENT vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 8 Power Supply Current, ICC [mA] Linearity Error [% of FSR] 0.20 VCC = 8 V VREF = 5 V IR = 50 µA 6 4 2 0 -50 0 50 Ambient Temperature Ta [°C] 100 9 MB4053 ■ OPERATION DESCRIPTION Refer to BLOCK DIAGRAM, and DIAGRAM. Address inputs A0 to A2 are used to select the analog input to be converted, (one of the six analog inputs I1 to I6). The RAMP START input is switched from a logic 1 to a logic zero. This causes the external ramp capacitor CH to charge at a fixed rate. (Note 1) until it reaches the sum of the selected analog input voltage and a constant offset voltage VBE1. The RAMP STOP output (open-collector switches from a logic 0 to logic 1 when the voltage on CH reaches the comparator reference voltage VBE2. The RAMP START input is switched back to a logic 1 after CH is completely charged. This disconnects the analog input from CH and allows it to be gin discharging at a fixed rate (Note 2). When the voltage on CH reaches the comparator reference voltage VBE2 the RAMP STOP output switches back to a logic 0. This completes a conversion cycle for 1 channel. The time between the RAMP START input switching (0→1) and RAMP STOP output switching (1→0) is the RAMP TIME tR. This would be directly proportional to the analog input voltage for the ideal situation where there was no comparator switching level error, leakage, switching delay times or effect of the impedance of the internal reference current source. tR can be calculated for the ideal case as follows: tR = VIN × CH IR Where: VIN = Analog input voltage to be measured CH = External ramp capacitor IR = VCC - VREF RREF This ramp time is converted to a digital representation by counting tR with the microprocessor. If a small error can be tolerated, the A/D conversion software can be reduced and the conversion time minimized by omitting corrections. Notes: ∗1 Charge slope = I A – IR CH ≥ 150 µA – IR CH Where: IA is the acquisition current whose value is determined from the circuit constant in the IC. ∗2 Discharge slope = – IR CH 10 MB4053 ■ ZERO OFFSET AND FULL-SCALE FACTOR CORRECTIONS High precision conversions can be achieved by correcting for zero offset and full scale factor as follows: The channel select address (A0 to A2) is set to 000. Ground (GND) is selected (internally) as the analog input and converted. This results in ramp time tR. Next the address is set to 111. VREF is selected (internally) and converted. This results in ramp time, tREF. Finally the desired analog input (one of I1 to I6) is selected and converted. This results in ramp time tX. This conversion sequence is arbitrary and the GND and VREF conversions are not needed each time a channel is converted but only as required for calibration. The relationships between the inputs and ramp times are shown below. (VBE1)C = tZ (VREF + VBE1)C = tREF (VIN + VBE1)C = tX (VREF)C = tREF – tZ (VIN)C = tX – tZ (VIN)C = tX – tZ (VREF)C tREF – tZ VCH VREF + VBE1 VIN + VBE1 VBE1 VBE2 tR tZ tX tREF The conversion error can then be minimized by using the above results in the expression below to calculate the corrected analog input voltage. (VIN)C = (VREF)C × tX – tZ tREF – tZ Where: VIN = Analog input voltage to be measured VREF = Reference voltage VBE1 = Shift voltage in sample/ramp amplifer VBE2 = Threshold voltage of comparator VCH = CH voltage The GND and VREF conversion sequence is arbitary, the GND and VREF conversions not being needed each time a channel (I1 to I6) is converted. 11 MB4053 ■ APPLICATION EXAMPLES Examples of analog voltage (0 to 5 V) A/D conversion with 10-bit resolution are shown in “PEAK LINEARITY ERROR vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta” and “SUPPLY CURRENT vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”. VCC = 8 V 5V RB 20 kΩ VCC To other Sensor Temperature Sensor RX R1 3 kΩ I1 RAMP START I2 RAMP STOP I3 A2 I4 MB4053 A0 I6 CH GND Ramp Current: IR = Input Voltage: = VIN R2 R1 + R2 VCC ............ 7-1 R1 ⋅ 1 VCC ......... 7-2 R1 + R2 RREF RX = ⋅ VCC ................ 7-3 RX + RB Ramp Time: tR .=. VIN ⋅ CH IR R2 RX = ⋅ (1 + ) ⋅ CH ⋅ RREF ................. 7-4 R1 RX + RB 5 kΩ VREF = ×8V=5V 3 kΩ + 5 kΩ VCC - VREF 8V-5V = = 25 µA RREF 120 kΩ 5000 pF × (5 V + 0.7 V) CH × VREF tSL ≥ = = 228 µs 150 µA - 25 µA IA(min) - IR . 5000 pF × 5 V = 1000 µs CH × VREF tRmax =. = 25 µA IR IR = If the ramp time is counted with a 1 MHz clock, the following resolution is obtained. 1000 µs . = 1000 =. 210 1 µs 12 IR RREF VREF Reference Voltage: VREF = A1 I5 R2 5 kΩ Control input/output from MPU RREF 120 kΩ CH = 5000 pF As shown in this example, the voltage output of the sensor is proportional to VCC (Eq. 7-3) and VREF is also proportional to VCC (Eq. 7-1), the sensor output conversion results (Eq. 7-4) are not influenced by power supply voltage fluctuation. Such a conversion is called ratio metric conversion and is effective for minimizing the effects of conversion error. Supply voltage fluctuations during discharge do result in error, however. MB4053 ■ USAGE PRECAUTIONS 1. Shince the impedance of the ramp capacitor pin is approximately 30 MΩ (high), a resistance must not be connected in paralleled with this input. A ramp capacitor with no leakage must be used. 2. At VIN = 0 V, tR has a finite value. 3. Since RAMP STOP is an open collector output, an external pull-up resistor is required. (For example, when a 20 kΩ external pull-up resistor is used.) 4. All digital inputs/output are TTL compatible. 5. The time from RAMP START input switching (0 →1) to RAMP STOP output switching (1 → 0) is ramp time tR. 6. tSL ≥ tA (max) = CH 150 µA –1R × (VREF + 0.7 V) 7. tR .=. CH × VIN, tR (max) . CH × VREF =. IR 1R 8. IR = VCC – VREF RREF 9. 2 V ≤ VREF ≤ (VCC – 2 V) and VREF ≤ 5.25 V 10.While and analog input voltage is being sampled, channel selection signals A0, A1, and A2 must not be changed for (tSL). 11.When IR is little, Linearity Error extends. However, Linearity Error is ±0.2 [% of FSR] or less in IR (min) = 12 µA. 13 MB4053 ■ ORDERING INFORMATION Part number 14 Package MB4053M 16-pin Plastic DIP (DIP-16P-M04) MB4053PF 16-pin Plastic SOP (FPT-16P-M06) Remarks MB4053 ■ PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 16-pin Plastic DIP (DIP-16P-M04) +0.20 19.55 –0.30 .770 +.008 –.012 INDEX-1 6.20±0.25 (.244±.010) INDEX-2 0.51(.020)MIN 4.36(.172)MAX 0.25±0.05 (.010±.002) 3.00(.118)MIN 0.46±0.08 (.018±.003) +0.30 0.99 –0 .039 +.012 –0 1.27(.050) MAX C 1994 FUJITSU LIMITED D16033S-2C-3 +0.30 1.52 –0 +.012 –0 .060 2.54(.100) TYP 7.62(.300) TYP 15°MAX Dimensions in mm (inches) (Continued) 15 MB4053 (Continued) 16-pin Plastic SOP (FPT-16P-M06) 2.25(.089)MAX +0.25 +.010 10.15 –0.20 .400 –.008 INDEX 0.05(.002)MIN (STAND OFF) 5.30±0.30 (.209±.012) +0.40 6.80 –0.20 +.016 .268 –.008 7.80±0.40 (.307±.016) "B" 1.27(.050) TYP 0.45±0.10 (.018±.004) +0.05 Ø0.13(.005) 0.15 –0.02 +.002 .006 –.001 M Details of "A" part Details of "B" part 0.40(.016) 0.10(.004) 8.89(.350)REF 16 0.15(.006) 0.20(.008) "A" C 0.50±0.20 (.020±.008) 1994 FUJITSU LIMITED F16015S-2C-4 0.20(.008) 0.18(.007)MAX 0.18(.007)MAX 0.68(.027)MAX 0.68(.027)MAX Dimensions in in mm mm (inches) (inches) Dimensions MB4053 FUJITSU LIMITED For further information please contact: Japan FUJITSU LIMITED Corporate Global Business Support Division Electronic Devices KAWASAKI PLANT, 4-1-1, Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi Kanagawa 211-8588, Japan Tel: (044) 754-3763 Fax: (044) 754-3329 http://www.fujitsu.co.jp/ North and South America FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS, INC. Semiconductor Division 3545 North First Street San Jose, CA 95134-1804, USA Tel: (408) 922-9000 Fax: (408) 922-9179 Customer Response Center Mon. - Fri.: 7 am - 5 pm (PST) Tel: (800) 866-8608 Fax: (408) 922-9179 http://www.fujitsumicro.com/ Europe FUJITSU MIKROELEKTRONIK GmbH Am Siebenstein 6-10 D-63303 Dreieich-Buchschlag Germany Tel: (06103) 690-0 Fax: (06103) 690-122 http://www.fujitsu-ede.com/ Asia Pacific FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS ASIA PTE LTD #05-08, 151 Lorong Chuan New Tech Park Singapore 556741 Tel: (65) 281-0770 Fax: (65) 281-0220 http://www.fmap.com.sg/ F9803 FUJITSU LIMITED Printed in Japan 20 All Rights Reserved. The contents of this document are subject to change without notice. Customers are advised to consult with FUJITSU sales representatives before ordering. The information and circuit diagrams in this document presented as examples of semiconductor device applications, and are not intended to be incorporated in devices for actual use. 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