19-3539; Rev 1; 8/05 KIT ATION EVALU E L B A AVAIL Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z power-management integrated circuits (PMICs) are designed for a variety of portable devices including cellular handsets. These PMICs include two high-efficiency step-down DC-DC converters, four low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs) with pin-programmable capability, one open-drain driver, a 60ms (typ) reset timer, and power-on/off control logic. These devices offer high efficiency with a no-load supply current of 160µA, and their small thin QFN 4mm x 4mm package makes them ideal for portable devices. The step-down DC-DC converters utilize a proprietary 4MHz hysteretic-PWM control scheme that allows for ultra-small external components. Internal synchronous rectification improves efficiency and eliminates the external Schottky diode that is required in conventional step-down converters. The output voltage is adjustable from 0.6V to 3.3V. The output current is guaranteed up to 500mA. The four LDOs offer low 45µVRMS output noise and low dropout of only 100mV at 100mA. OUT1 and OUT2 deliver 300mA (min) of continuous output current. OUT3 and OUT4 deliver 150mA (min) of continuous output current. The output voltages are pin selectable by SEL1 and SEL2 for flexibility. The MAX8621Y/ MAX8621Z offer different sets of LDO output voltages. A microprocessor reset output (RESET) monitors OUT1 and warns the system of impending power loss, allowing safe shutdown. RESET asserts during power-up, power-down, shutdown, and fault conditions where VOUT1 is below its regulation voltage. A 200mA driver output is provided to control LED backlighting or provide an open-drain connection for resistors such as in feedback networks. Applications Features ♦ Two 500mA Step-Down Converters Up to 4MHz Switching Frequency Adjustable Output from 0.6V to 3.3V ♦ Four Low-Noise LDOs with Pin-Programmable Output Voltages ♦ One Open-Drain Driver ♦ 60ms (typ) Reset Timer ♦ Power-On/Off Control Logic and Sequencing ♦ 4mm x 4mm x 0.8mm 24-Pin Thin QFN Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX8621YETG -40°C to +85°C 24 Thin QFN 4mm x 4mm (T2444-4) MAX8621YETG+ -40°C to +85°C 24 Thin QFN 4mm x 4mm (T2444-4) MAX8621ZETG -40°C to +85°C 24 Thin QFN 4mm x 4mm (T2444-4) MAX8621ZETG+ -40°C to +85°C 24 Thin QFN 4mm x 4mm (T2444-4) + Denotes lead-free package. Typical Operating Circuit INPUT 2.6V TO 5.5V LX1 IN1 MAX8621Y MAX8621Z FB1 IN2 PGND1 IN3 LX2 Cellular Handsets MP3 Players Wireless LAN FB2 SEL1 SEL2 PGND2 EN2 EN3 Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. BUCK2 1.8V, 500mA PWRON Smart Phones, PDAs Digital Cameras BUCK1 1.375V, 500mA OUT1 OUT1 2.6V, 300mA RESET RESET OUT2 2.6V, 300mA OUT2 EN4 OUT3 OUT3 1.8V, 150mA OUT4 OUT4 3V, 150mA ENDR REFBP INPUT GND DR ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z General Description MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PWRON, IN1, IN2, IN3, RESET, FB1, FB2, ENDR, REFBP, SEL1, SEL2 to GND..................-0.3V to +6.0V EN2, EN3, EN4, DR to GND.......................-0.3V to (VIN3 + 0.3V) OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 to GND...........-0.3V to (VIN2 + 0.3V) PGND1, PGND2 to GND ......................................-0.3V to + 0.3V LX1, LX2 Current..........................................................±1.5ARMS LX1, LX2 to GND (Note 1) ..........................-0.3V to (VIN1 + 0.3V) DR Current......................................................................0.5ARMS Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 24-Pin 4mm x 4mm Thin QFN (derate 27.8mW/°C above +70°C) ..........................2222.2mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Note 1: LX_ has internal clamp diodes to GND and IN1. Applications that forward-bias these diodes should take care not to exceed the IC’s package dissipation limits. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 3.7V, CIN1 = 10µF, CIN2 = CIN3 = 4.7µF, COUT1 = COUT2 = 4.7µF, COUT3 = COUT4 = 2.2µF, CREFBP = 0.01µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Input Supply Range After startup Shutdown Supply Current VIN = 4.2V (Note 3) No-Load Supply Current Light-Load Supply Current MIN TYP 2.6 MAX UNIT 5.5 V 2 15 µA VIN = 3.7V; BUCK1, BUCK2, OUT1, OUT2 on; other circuits off 160 300 VIN = 3.7V, BUCK1 and BUCK2 on, all LDOs on 275 VIN = 3.7V, BUCK1 and BUCK2 with 500µA load each, OUT1 and OUT2 on, other circuits off 710 µA µA UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT Undervoltage Lockout (Note 4) VIN rising 2.85 3.05 VIN falling 2.70 2.35 2.55 TA rising +160 °C 15 °C V THERMAL SHUTDOWN Threshold Hysteresis REFERENCE Reference Bypass Output Voltage TA = 0°C to +85°C REF Supply Rejection 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V 1.235 1.250 1.265 0.2 V mV/V LOGIC AND CONTROL INPUTS Input Low Level Input High Level PWRON, EN2, EN3, EN4; 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V PWRON, EN2, EN3, EN4; 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 4.2V 0.4 1.44 PWRON, EN2, EN3, EN4; 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V EN3, EN4; 0V < VIN < 5.5V -1 Tristate Low Input Threshold SEL_ 0.3 Tristate Low Input Threshold Hysteresis SEL_ Tristate High Input Threshold SEL_ 0.7 +1 µA 1.0 V 50 VIN 1.2V VIN 0.8V _______________________________________________________________________________________ V V 1.25 Logic Input Current 2 1.12 mV VIN 0.4V V Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices (VIN = 3.7V, CIN1 = 10µF, CIN2 = CIN3 = 4.7µF, COUT1 = COUT2 = 4.7µF, COUT3 = COUT4 = 2.2µF, CREFBP = 0.01µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER Tristate High Input Threshold Hysteresis CONDITIONS MIN SEL_ PWRON, EN2 Pulldown Resistor to GND TYP MAX 50 400 800 UNIT mV 1600 kΩ STEP-DOWN DC-DC CONVERTER 1 (BUCK1) Supply Current ILOAD = 0A, no switching Output Voltage Range 40 0.6 FB1 Threshold Voltage VFB1 falling FB1 Threshold Line Regulation 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V FB1 Threshold Voltage Hysteresis (% of VFB1) FB1 Bias Current Current Limit On-Resistance Rectifier Off-Current Threshold Minimum On- and Off-Times µA 3.3 V 0.603 V 0.3 %/V 1 % Shutdown 0.01 VFB1 = 0.5V 0.01 µA p-MOSFET switch (ILIMP) 670 1000 1500 n-MOSFET rectifier (ILIMN) 750 1000 1330 p-MOSFET switch, ILX1 = -40mA 0.65 1.5 n-MOSFET rectifier, ILX1 = 40mA 0.35 0.8 70 ILXOFF 45 tON 107 tOFF 95 mA Ω mA ns STEP-DOWN DC-DC CONVERTER 2 (BUCK2) Supply Current ILOAD = 0A, no switching Output Voltage Range 40 0.6 FB2 Threshold Voltage VFB2 falling FB2 Threshold Line Regulation 2.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V FB2 Threshold Voltage Accuracy (Falling) (% of VFB2) ILOAD = 0A FB2 Bias Current Current Limit On-Resistance Rectifier Off-Current Threshold Minimum On- and Off-Times V 0.603 V 0.3 %/V -2.5 FB2 Threshold Voltage Hysteresis (% of VFB2) µA 3.3 +2.5 1 Shutdown 0.01 VFB = 0.5V 0.01 % µA p-MOSFET switch 670 1000 1500 n-MOSFET rectifier 750 1000 1330 p-MOSFET switch, ILX2 = -40mA 0.65 1.5 n-MOSFET rectifier, ILX2 = 40mA 0.35 0.8 70 ILXOFF 45 tON 107 tOFF 95 % mA Ω mA ns _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = 3.7V, CIN1 = 10µF, CIN2 = CIN3 = 4.7µF, COUT1 = COUT2 = 4.7µF, COUT3 = COUT4 = 2.2µF, CREFBP = 0.01µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX TA = 0°C to +85°C -1.3 +0.6 +2.0 TA = -40°C to +85°C -2.3 UNIT OUT1 (LDO1) Output Voltage Accuracy ILOAD = 1mA, 3.7V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, relative to VOUT(NOM) ILOAD = 150mA, relative to VOUT(NOM) +2.5 % 0 Output Current 300 mA 550 940 mA ILOAD = 200mA, TA = +85°C 200 420 mV Load Regulation VIN = greater of 3.7V or (VOUT(NOM) + 0.7V), 1mA < ILOAD < 300mA, VSEL1 = VSEL2 = 0V 1.2 % Power-Supply Rejection ΔVOUT1/ΔVIN2 10Hz to 10kHz, COUT1 = 4.7µF, ILOAD = 30mA 60 dB Output Noise Voltage (RMS) 100Hz to 100kHz, COUT1 = 4.7µF, ILOAD = 30mA 45 µVRMS Output Capacitor for Stable Operation 0 < ILOAD < 300mA 4.7 0 < ILOAD < 150mA 2.2 Ground Current ILOAD = 500µA 21 Current Limit VOUT1 = 0V Dropout Voltage 310 µF µA OUT2 (LDO2) Output Voltage Accuracy ILOAD = 1mA, 3.7V ≤ VIN_≤ 5.5V, relative to VOUT(NOM) TA = 0°C to +85°C -1.3 TA = -40°C to +85°C -2.3 ILOAD = 150mA, relative to VOUT(NOM) +0.6 +2.0 +2.5 % 0 Output Current 300 mA 550 940 mA ILOAD = 200mA , TA = +85°C 200 420 mV 1mA < ILOAD < 300mA, VSEL1 = VSEL2 = 0V 1.2 % 10Hz to 10kHz, COUT2 = 4.7µF, ILOAD = 30mA 60 dB µVRMS Current Limit VOUT2 = 0V Dropout Voltage Load Regulation Power-Supply Rejection ΔVOUT2/ΔVIN2 310 Output Noise Voltage (RMS) 100Hz to 100kHz, COUT2 = 4.7µF, ILOAD = 30mA 45 Output Capacitor for Stable Operation 0 < ILOAD < 300mA 4.7 0 < ILOAD < 150mA 2.2 Ground Current ILOAD = 500µA 21 µF µA OUT3 (LDO3) Output Voltage Accuracy ILOAD = 1mA, 3.7V ≤ VIN_ ≤ 5.5V, relative to VOUT(NOM) TA = 0°C to +85°C -1.3 TA = -40°C to +85°C -2.3 ILOAD = 75mA, relative to VOUT(NOM) +0.3 +2.5 % 0 Output Current 150 mA 360 650 mA ILOAD = 100mA , TA = +85°C 100 210 mV 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA, VSEL1 = VSEL2 = 0V 0.6 Current Limit VOUT3 = 0V Dropout Voltage Load Regulation 4 +2.0 165 _______________________________________________________________________________________ % Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices (VIN = 3.7V, CIN1 = 10µF, CIN2 = CIN3 = 4.7µF, COUT1 = COUT2 = 4.7µF, COUT3 = COUT4 = 2.2µF, CREFBP = 0.01µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Power-Supply Rejection ΔVOUT3/ΔVIN2 10Hz to 10kHz, COUT3 = 2.2µF, ILOAD = 30mA 60 dB Output Noise Voltage (RMS) 100Hz to 100kHz, COUT3 = 2.2µF, ILOAD = 30mA 45 µVRMS Output Capacitor for Stable Operation 0 < ILOAD < 150mA 2.2 µF OUT4 (LDO4) Output Voltage Accuracy ILOAD = 1mA, 3.7V ≤ VIN_ ≤ 5.5V, relative to VOUT(NOM) TA = 0°C to VOUT(NOM) ≥ 1.8V +85°C VOUT(NOM) = 1.5V TA = -40°C to +85°C -1.3 +0.3 +2.0 -1.30 +0.3 +2.35 -2.3 ILOAD = 75mA, relative to VOUT(NOM) +2.5 % 0 Output Current 150 mA 360 650 mA ILOAD = 100mA, TA = +85°C 100 210 mV 1mA < ILOAD < 150mA, VSEL1 = VSEL2 = 0 0.6 % Power-Supply Rejection ΔVOUT4/ΔVIN2 10Hz to 10kHz, COUT4 = 2.2µF, ILOAD = 30mA 60 dB Output Noise Voltage (RMS) 100Hz to 100kHz, COUT4 = 2.2µF, ILOAD = 30mA 45 µVRMS Output Capacitor for Stable Operation 0 < ILOAD < 150mA 2.2 µF ENDR Turn-On Threshold IDR = 1mA 0.65 V ENDR Input Current VENDR = 0V and 5.5V DR Output Low Voltage IDR = 150mA, VENDR = 3.7V DR Off-Current (Leakage) VDR = VIN = 5.5V, VENDR = 0V Current Limit VOUT4 = 0V Dropout Voltage Load Regulation 165 DRIVER (DR) -1 +1 0.2 -1 µA 0.4 V +1 µA RESET VOUT1 - 0.3V Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage ISINK = 1mA RESET Threshold Percentage of nominal OUT1 rising when RESET falls RESET Active Timeout Period From OUT1 ≥ 87% until RESET = HIGH Pullup Resistance to OUT1 Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: V 84 87 8 14 0.3 V 90 % 60 ms 20 kΩ VIN1, VIN2, and VIN3 are shorted together and single input is referred to as VIN. All units are 100% production tested at TA = +85°C. Limits over the operating range are guaranteed by design. OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4, LX1, and LX2 to ground. When the input voltage is greater than 2.85V (typ), the UVLO comparator trips and the threshold is reduced to 2.35V (typ). This allows the system to start normally until the input voltage decays to 2.35V. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 3, VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3 = 3.6V, PWRON = IN, VBUCK1 = 1.375V, VBUCK2 = 1.8V, VOUT1 = 2.6V, VOUT2 = 2.6V, VOUT3 = 1.8V, VOUT4 = 3.0V, SEL1 = SEL2 = open, LX1 = LX2 = Murata LQH32CN2R2M53, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE STARTUP WAVEFORMS MAX8621 toc01 300 NO LOAD BUCK1, BUCK2, OUT1, OUT2: ON 280 260 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices 240 MAX8621 toc02 PWRON 5V/div 0 BUCK1 BUCK2 2V/div 0 2V/div 0 OUT1 5V/div 0 OUT2 5V/div 0 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 50μs/div INPUT VOLTAGE (V) RESET WAVEFORMS SHUTDOWN WAVEFORMS MAX8621 toc04 MAX8621 toc03 PWRON BUCK1 BUCK2 5V/div 0 PWRON 2V/div 0 2V/div 0 OUT1 2V/div 0 LOAD = 1mA 2V/div 0 OUT1 5V/div 0 OUT2 5V/div 0 10mA LOAD ON ALL FOUR OUTPUTS 100μs/div 6 2V/div 0 RESET 20ms/div _______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices OUT2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY vs. LOAD CURRENT OUT1 OUPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE LOAD = 300mA 2.600 2.575 FALLING 2.550 RISING 2.525 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 -2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 0 5.5 5.0 50 100 150 200 300 250 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LOAD CURRENT (mA) OUT4 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT OUT1 POWER-SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION vs. FREQUENCY 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 80 MAX8621 toc08 MAX8621 toc07 160 POWER-SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 2.5 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 1.0 -1.5 2.500 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 0 50 0.1 150 100 1 10 1000 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) FREQUENCY (kHz) EFFICICENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (VBUCK2 = 1.8V) EFFICICENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (VBUCK1 = 1.375V) 4.7μH 2.2μH 90 80 70 60 BUCK1, OUT1, OUT2: ON WITH NO LOAD 80 1μH 70 60 BUCK2, OUT1, OUT2: ON WITH NO LOAD 50 40 4.7μH 2.2μH 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 1μH 50 100 MAX8621 toc09 100 EFFICIENCY (%) 1.5 MAX8621 toc10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.625 2.0 MAX8621 toc06 LOAD = 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY (%) MAX8621 toc05 2.650 40 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1000 LOAD CURRENT (mA) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 3, VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3 = 3.6V, PWRON = IN, VBUCK1 = 1.375V, VBUCK2 = 1.8V, VOUT1 = 2.6V, VOUT2 = 2.6V, VOUT3 = 1.8V, VOUT4 = 3.0V, SEL1 = SEL2 = open, LX1 = LX2 = Murata LQH32CN2R2M53, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 3, VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3 = 3.6V, PWRON = IN, VBUCK1 = 1.375V, VBUCK2 = 1.8V, VOUT1 = 2.6V, VOUT2 = 2.6V, VOUT3 = 1.8V, VOUT4 = 3.0V, SEL1 = SEL2 = open, LX1 = LX2 = Murata LQH32CN2R2M53, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT BUCK1 LIGHT-LOAD WAVEFORMS MAX8621 toc12 MAX8621 toc11 10 1μH 10mV/div AC-COUPLED VBUCK1 2.2μH FREQUENCY (MHz) LOAD = 50mA 4.7μH 1 200mA/div ILX1 0 5V/div 0 VLX1 0.1 0 100 200 300 400 500 200ns/div LOAD CURRENT (mA) BUCK1 HEAVY-LOAD WAVEFORMS BUCK1 LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX8621 toc13 MAX8621 toc14 10mV/div AC-COUPLED VBUCK1 50mV/div AC-COUPLED VBUCK1 LOAD = 300mA ILX1 500mA/div 0 ILX1 200mA/div 0 400mA LOAD VLX1 5V/div 0 IBUCK1 500mA/div 0 200ns/div 5μs/div BUCK1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT (VOLTAGE POSITIONING) MAX8621 toc15 1.44 1.42 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices 1.40 1.38 1.36 1.34 1.32 1.30 0 100 200 300 400 500 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices PIN NAME 1 FB1 Voltage Feedback for Step-Down Converter 1. FB1 regulates to 0.6V nominal. 2 FB2 Voltage Feedback for Step-Down Converter 2. FB2 regulates to 0.6V nominal. 3 GND Ground. Ground for all LDOs and the control section. 4 REFBP 5 EN4 6 OUT4 7 EN3 Enable Input for OUT3. Drive EN3 high to turn on OUT3. 8 EN2 Enable Input for OUT2. Drive EN2 high to disable OUT2. Drive EN2 low or leave open to enable OUT2. EN2 is internally pulled to GND by an 800kΩ (typ) pulldown resistor. If the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z are placed into shutdown using PWRON (PWRON = low), OUT2 does not power regardless of the status of EN2. 9 OUT2 10 IN2 Supply Voltage to the Output MOSFET of All 4 LDOs. IN2 must be shorted to IN1 and IN3. Connect a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor from IN2 to GND. 11 RESET Open-Drain, Active-Low Reset Output. RESET asserts low when VOUT1 drops below 87% (typ) of regulation. RESET deasserts 60ms after VOUT1 rises above 87% (typ) of regulation (Figure 2). 12 OUT1 300mA LDO1 Output. Bypass with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor to GND. OUT1 is high impedance when disabled. 13 OUT3 150mA LDO3 Output. Bypass OUT3 to GND with a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor. OUT3 is high impedance when disabled. OUT3 can only be activated if OUT1 is within 87% of regulation. 14 PWRON 15 ENDR 16 IN3 17 SEL2 LDO Output-Voltage Select Input 2. SEL1 and SEL2 set the OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 voltages to one of nine combinations (Table 1). 18 SEL1 LDO Output-Voltage Select Input 1. SEL1 and SEL2 set the OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 voltages to one of nine combinations (Table 1). 19 DR 20 FUNCTION Reference Noise Bypass. Connect a 0.01µF ceramic capacitor from REFBP to GND. Not intended to drive resistive load. REFBP is high impedance in shutdown. Enable Input for OUT4. Drive EN4 high to turn on OUT4. 150mA LDO4 output. Bypass OUT4 to GND with a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor. OUT4 is high impedance when disabled. OUT4 can only be activated if OUT1 is within 87% of regulation. 300mA LDO2 Output. Bypass with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor to GND. OUT2 is high impedance when disabled. OUT2 can only be activated if OUT1 is within 87% of regulation. Power Enable Input. Drive PWRON high to enable the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z. Drive PWRON low to enter shutdown mode. PWRON has an internal 800kΩ (typ) pulldown resistor. Enable Input for DR. Drive ENDR low for DR to go into high impedance. Drive ENDR high to activate DR, pulling DR low. Supply Voltage to the Control Section. IN3 must be shorted to IN1 and IN2. Connect a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor from IN3 to GND. 200mA Driver Output. Connects to the open drain of an internal n-channel MOSFET whose gate is controlled by ENDR. PGND2 Power Ground for BUCK2 and DR Switch 21 LX2 Inductor Connection for BUCK2. LX2 is internally connected to the drain of the internal p-channel MOSFET and the drain of the internal n-channel synchronous rectifier for BUCK2. LX2 is high impedance when BUCK2 is disabled. 22 IN1 Supply Voltage to the Output Stage of BUCK1 and BUCK2. IN1 must be shorted to IN2 and IN3. Connect a 10µF ceramic capacitor from IN1 to GND. 23 LX1 Inductor Connection for BUCK1. LX1 is internally connected to the drain of the internal p-channel MOSFET and the drain of the internal n-channel synchronous rectifier for BUCK1. LX1 is high impedance when BUCK1 is disabled. 24 — PGND1 Power Ground for BUCK1 EP Exposed Paddle. Connect the exposed paddle to GND, PGND1, and PGND2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Pin Description MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices Detailed Description The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z power-management ICs are designed specifically to power a variety of portable devices including cellular handsets. Each device contains two 4MHz high-efficient step-down converters, four low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs), a 60ms (typ) reset timer, a 200mA open-drain output driver, and poweron/off control logic (Figure 3). Step Down DC-DC Control Scheme The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z step-down converters are optimized for high-efficiency voltage conversion over a wide load range, while maintaining excellent transient response, minimizing external component size, and minimizing output voltage ripple. The DC-DC converters (BUCK1 and BUCK2) also feature an optimized onresistance internal MOSFET switch and synchronous rectifier to maximize efficiency. The MAX8621Y/ MAX8621Z utilize a proprietary hysteretic-PWM control scheme that switches with nearly fixed frequency up to 4MHz, allowing for ultra-small external components. The step-down converter output current is guaranteed up to 500mA, while consuming 40µA (typ). When the step-down converter output voltage falls below the regulation threshold, the error comparator begins a switching cycle by turning the high-side p-channel MOSFET switch on. This switch remains on until the minimum on-time (tON) expires and the output voltage is in regulation or the current-limit threshold (ILIMP) is exceeded. Once off, the high-side switch remains off until the minimum off-time (tOFF) expires and the output voltage again falls below the regulation threshold. During this off period, the low-side synchronous rectifier turns on and remains on until either the high-side switch turns on or the inductor current reduces to the rectifier-off current threshold (ILXOFF = 45mA (typ)). The internal synchronous rectifier eliminates the need for an external Schottky diode. Transient Response graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Low-Dropout Linear Regulators Each MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z contains four low-dropout, low-quiescent-current, high-accuracy linear regulators (LDOs). OUT1 and OUT2 supply loads up to 300mA, while OUT3 and OUT4 supply loads up to 150mA. The LDO output voltages are set using SEL1 and SEL2 (see Table 1). The LDOs include an internal reference, error amplifier, p-channel pass transistor, internal programmable voltage-divider, and an OUT1 power-good comparator. Each error amplifier compares the reference voltage to a feedback voltage and amplifies the difference. If the feedback voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the pass-transistor gate is pulled lower, allowing more current to pass to the outputs and increasing the output voltage. If the feedback voltage is too high, the pass-transistor gate is pulled up, allowing less current to pass to the output. DR Driver Each MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z includes a 1.3Ω n-channel MOSFET open-drain output that is controlled by ENDR. This output can be used to drive LEDs (see the Typical Operating Circuit) and allow adjustable output voltages (see Figure 1). Programming LDO Output Voltages (SEL1, SEL2) As shown in Table 1, the LDO output voltages, OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 are pin-programmable by the logic states of SEL1 and SEL2. SEL1 and SEL2 are trilevel inputs: IN, open, and GND. The input voltage, VIN, must be greater than the selected OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 voltages. The logic states of SEL1 and SEL2 can be programmed only during power-up. Once the OUT_ voltages are programmed, their values do not change by changing SEL_ unless the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z power is cycled. Voltage-Positioning Load Regulation The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z use a unique step-down converter feedback network. By taking feedback from the LX node through R1, the usual phase lag due to the output capacitor is removed, making the loop exceedingly stable and allowing the use of a very small ceramic output capacitor. This configuration causes the output voltage to shift by the inductor series resistance multiplied by the load current. This output voltage shift is known as voltage-positioning load regulation. Voltagepositioning load regulation greatly reduces overshoot during load transients, which effectively halves the peak-to-peak output-voltage excursions compared to traditional step-down converters. See the Buck1 Load10 L1 2.2μH BUCK1 1.38V OR 1.8V LX1 MAX8621Y MAX8621Z FB1 1.38/1.8 R1 150kΩ R5 215kΩ ENDR C6 150pF R2 115kΩ DR Figure 1. Adjusting BUCK1 Output Voltage Using DR ______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices MAX8621Y MAX8621Z SEL1 SEL2 IN IN IN OPEN 3.0 IN GND 2.5 OPEN IN 2.85 3.3 OPEN OPEN 3.3 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.6 1.8 3.0 OPEN GND 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.0 GND IN 3.3 2.85 3.3 2.85 2.9 3.1 1.8 1.5 GND OPEN 2.85 2.85 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 GND GND 3.3 2.85 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.9 2.9 OUT1 (V) OUT2 (V) OUT3 (V) OUT4 (V) OUT1 (V) OUT2 (V) OUT3 (V) OUT4 (V) 3.3 3.3 2.85 2.85 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.85 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.3 2.85 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.3 Power-Supply Sequence BUCK1 is always first on and last off in the MAX8621Y/ MAX8621Zs’ power sequence. BUCK1 turns on approximately 40µs after PWRON is enabled. BUCK2 turns on approximately 40µs after BUCK1, and OUT1 turns on 65µs after BUCK2. These delays have been added to sequence the turn-on of the step-down converters and LDOs so that the initial current surges are distributed over time. For the same reason, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 can be turned on by EN2, EN3, and EN4 signals, but only after OUT1 has reached 87% of its final value. Note that OUT2 typically requires a longer time to enable than OUT3 and OUT4 (45µs versus 15µs). All regulators can be turned off at the same time when PWRON is low, but BUCK1 remains on for approximately another 120µs after PWRON goes low. PWRON REF BUCK1 40μs 120μs 40μs BUCK2 65μs 87% REGULATION OUT1 87% REGULATION 60ms RESET 45μs OUT2 EN3 (EN4) 15μs OUT3 (OUT4) EN2 Figure 2. Power-On/Off Sequence Diagram ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Table 1. SEL1 and SEL2, MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Output Voltage Selection MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices PWRON Thermal-Overload Protection Drive PWRON low or leave PWRON open to place the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z in power-down mode and reduce supply current to 5µA (typ). In power-down, the control circuitry, internal-switching p-channel MOSFET, and the internal synchronous rectifier (n-channel MOSFET) turn off (BUCK1 and BUCK2), and LX_ becomes high impedance. In addition, all four LDOs are disabled. Connect PWRON to IN or logic-high to enable the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z. EN2 enables and disables OUT2 when PWRON is high. Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z. Independent thermalprotection circuits monitor the step-down converters and the linear-regulator circuits. When the junction temperature exceeds TJ = +160°C, the thermal-overload protection circuit disables the corresponding circuitry, allowing the IC to cool. The LDO thermal-overload protection circuit enables the LDOs after the LDO junction temperature cools down, resulting in pulsed LDO outputs during continuous thermal-overload conditions. The step-down converter’s thermal-overload protection circuitry enables the step-down converter after the junction temperature cools down. Thermal-overload protection safeguards the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z in the event of fault conditions. For continuous operation, do not exceed the absolute maximum junction-temperature rating of TJ = +150°C. OUT2 Enable (EN2) Drive EN2 high to disable OUT2. Drive EN2 low or leave open to enable OUT2. EN2 is internally pulled to GND by an 800kΩ (typ) pulldown resistor. If the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z are powered down using PWRON (PWRON = low), OUT2 does not power regardless of the status of EN2. Reset Output (RESET) The reset circuit is active both at power-up and powerdown. RESET asserts low when V OUT1 drops below 87% (typ) of regulation. RESET deasserts 60ms after VOUT1 rises above 87% (typ) of regulation. RESET is pulled up through an internal 14kΩ resistor to OUT1. Undervoltage Lockout Initial power-up of the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z occurs when V IN is greater than 2.85V (typ) and PWRON asserts. Once VIN exceeds 2.85V (typ), the undervoltage lockout has 0.5V of hysteresis, allowing the VIN operating range to drop down to 2.35V (typ) without shutting down. Current Limiting The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z OUT1 and OUT2 LDOs limit their output current to 550mA (typ). OUT3 and OUT4 LDOs limit their output current to 360mA (typ). If the LDO output current exceeds the current limit, the corresponding LDO output voltage drops. The step-down converters (BUCK1 and BUCK2) limit the p-channel MOSFET to 670mA (min) and the n-channel MOSFET to 750mA (min). Reference Bypass Capacitor Node (REFBP) An external 0.01µF bypass capacitor and an internal 100kΩ (typ) resistor at REFBP create a lowpass filter for LDO noise reduction. OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 exhibit 45µVRMS of output voltage noise with CREFBP = 0.01µF, COUT1 = COUT2 = 4.7µF, and COUT3 = COUT4 = 2.2µF. 12 Applications Information Step-Down DC-DC Converter Setting the Step-Down Output Voltage Select an output voltage for BUCK1 between 0.6V and 3.3V by connecting FB1 to a resistive voltage-divider between LX1 and GND. Choose R2 (Figure 3) for a reasonable bias current in the resistive divider. A wide range of resistor values is acceptable, but a good starting point is to choose R2 as 100kΩ. Then, R1 (Figure 3) is given by: ⎛V ⎞ R1 = R2⎜ OUT − 1⎟ ⎝ VFB ⎠ where VFB = 0.6V. For BUCK2, R3 and R4 are calculated using the same methods. Input Capacitor The input capacitor, CIN1, reduces the current peaks drawn from the battery or input power source and reduces switching noise in the IC. The impedance of CIN1 at the switching frequency should be kept very low. Ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectrics are highly recommended due to their small size, low ESR, and small temperature coefficients. Due to the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z step-down converter’s fast softstart, the input capacitance can be very low. Use a 10µF ceramic capacitor or an equivalent amount of multiple capacitors in parallel between IN1 and ground. Connect CIN1 as close to the IC as possible to minimize the impact of PC board trace inductance. Use a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor from IN2 to ground and a second 4.7µF ceramic capacitor from IN3 to ground. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices For output voltages above 2.0V, when light-load efficiency is important, the minimum recommended inductor is 2.2µH. For optimum voltage-positioning load transients, choose an inductor with DC series resistance in the 50mΩ to 150mΩ range. For higher efficiency at heavy loads (above 200mA) or minimal load regulation (but some transient overshoot), the resistance should be kept below 100mΩ. For light-load applications up to 200mA, much higher resistance is acceptable with very little impact on performance. See Table 2 for some suggested inductors. Table 2. Suggested Inductors MANUFACTURER SERIES INDUCTANCE (µH) ESR (Ω) CURRENT RATING (mA) DIMENSIONS CB2012 2.2 4.7 0.23 0.40 410 300 2.0 x 1.25 x 1.25 = 3.1mm3 LB2012 1.0 2.2 0.15 0.23 300 240 2.0 x 1.25 x 1.25 = 3.1mm3 LB2016 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.3 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.20 455 350 315 280 2.0 x 1.6 x 1.8 = 5.8mm3 LB2518 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.3 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.11 500 400 340 270 2.5 x 1.8 x 2.0 = 9mm3 LBC2518 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.3 4.7 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.20 775 660 600 500 430 2.5 x 1.8 x 2.0 = 9mm3 LQH32C_53 1.0 2.2 4.7 0.06 0.10 0.15 1000 790 650 3.2 x 2.5 x 1.7 = 14mm3 LQM43FN 2.2 4.7 0.10 0.17 400 300 4.5 x 3.2 x 0.9 = 13mm3 D310F 1.5 2.2 3.3 0.13 0.17 0.19 1230 1080 1010 3.6 x 3.6 x 1.0 = 13mm3 D312C 1.5 2.2 2.7 3.3 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.17 1290 1140 980 900 3.6 x 3.6 x 1.2 = 16mm3 CDRH2D11 1.5 2.2 3.3 4.7 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.14 900 780 600 500 3.2 x 3.2 x 1.2 = 12mm3 Taiyo Yuden Murata TOKO Sumida ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Inductor Selection The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z step-down converters operate with inductors between 1µH and 4.7µH. Low-inductance values are physically smaller but require faster switching, resulting in some efficiency loss. See the Typical Operating Characteristics for efficiency and switching frequency vs. inductor value plots. The inductor’s DC current rating needs to be only 100mA greater than the application’s maximum load current because the step-down converter features zero-current overshoot during startup and load transients. MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices Output Capacitor The output capacitors, C7 and C9 in Figure 3, are required to keep the output voltage ripple small and to ensure regulation loop stability. C7 and C9 must have low impedance at the switching frequency. Ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectric are highly recommended due to their small size, low ESR, and small temperature coefficients. Due to the unique feedback network, the output capacitance can be very low. For most applications, a 2.2µF capacitor is sufficient. For optimum load-transient performance and very low output ripple, the output capacitor value in µF should be equal or larger than the inductor value in µH. Feed-Forward Capacitor The feed-forward capacitors, CFF (C6 and C8 in Figure 3), set the feedback loop response, control the switching frequency, and are critical in obtaining the best efficiency possible. Choose a small ceramic X7R capacitor with value given by: L1 C6 = × 10Siemens R1 Select the closest standard value to CFF as possible. For BUCK2, C8, R3, and L1 are calculated using the same methods. LDO Output Capacitor and Regulator Stability Connect a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor between OUT1 and ground, and a second 4.7µF ceramic capacitor between OUT2 and ground for 300mA applications. For 150mA applications, 2.2µF ceramic capacitors can be used for OUT1 and OUT2. Connect a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor between OUT3 and ground, and a second 2.2µF ceramic capacitor between OUT4 and ground. The LDO output capacitor’s (COUT) equivalent series resistance (ESR) affects stability and output noise. Use output capacitors with an ESR of 0.1Ω or less to ensure stability and optimum transient response. Surfacemount ceramic capacitors have very low ESR and are commonly available in values up to 10µF. Connect COUT_ as close to the IC as possible to minimize the impact of PC board trace inductance. 14 Thermal Considerations The MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z total power dissipation, PD, is estimated using the following equations: PD = PLOSS(BUCK1) + PLOSS(BUCK 2) + PLOSS(OUT1) + PLOSS(OUT2) + PLOSS(OUT3) + PLOSS(OUT4) ( ) PLOSS(BUCK1) = PIN(BUCK1) × 1 − η / 100 2 − IBUCK1 × RDC(INDUCTOR) ( ) PLOSS(BUCK 2) = PIN(BUCK 2) × 1 − η / 100 − IBUCK 2 ( 2 × RDC(INDUCTOR) PLOSS(OUT1) = IOUT1 × VIN − VOUT1 ( PLOSS(OUT3) = IOUT3 × ( VIN PLOSS(OUT4) = IOUT4 × ( VIN ) ) VOUT3 ) VOUT4 ) PLOSS(OUT2) = IOUT2 × VIN − VOUT2 − − where PIN(BUCK1) is the input power for BUCK1, η is the step-down converter efficiency, and RDC(INDUCTOR) is the inductor’s DC resistance. For example, operating with VIN = 3.7V, VBUCK1 = 1.376V, VBUCK2 = 1.8V, VOUT1 = VOUT2 = 2.6V, VOUT3 = 1.8V, VOUT4 = 3V, IBUCK1 = IBUCK2 = 300mA, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 330mA, IOUT3 = IOUT4 = 100mA, PIN(BUCK1) = 516mW and η = 80%, PIN(BUCK2) = 651mW and η = 83%: PLOSS(OUT1) = PLOSS(OUT2) = 363mW PLOSS(OUT3) = 190mW PLOSS(OUT4) = 70mW PLOSS(BUCK1) = 94mW PLOSS(BUCK 2) = 102mW PD = 363mW + 363mW + 190mW + 70mW + 94mW + 102mW = 1182mW ______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z INPUT 2.6V TO 5.5V C3 4.7μF C2 4.7μF IN3 IN2 INP IN UVLO OUT1 OUT C5 4.7μF REF 14kΩ LDO1 EN REFBP C4 0.01μF 9-BIT SEL GND GND REF RESET RESET DR 1.3Ω, 200mA IN N ENDR P REF PGND2 STEP-DOWN DC-DC (1, BUCK1) PGND FB OUT3 INP OUT LDO3 LX2 LX N REF EN PGND FB EN GND 9-BIT SEL IN C12 2.2μF INP REF IN BUCK2 C8 150pF C9 2.2μF R4 75kΩ OUT2 OUT OUT C7 2.2μF L2 2.2μH R3 150kΩ PGND2 FB2 INP EN3 OUT4 BUCK1 C6 150pF R2 115kΩ P REF C1 10μF IN1 IN STEP-DOWN DC-DC (2, BUCK2) L1 2.2μH R1 150kΩ PGND1 FB1 INP IN C11 2.2μF LX1 LX N EN INPUT 2.6V TO 5.5V IN1 INP C10 4.7μF LDO2 EN LDO4 REF 9-BIT SEL GND EN2 EN GND 9-BIT SEL 800kΩ EN4 SEL1 VOLTAGE SELECTOR PWRON 800kΩ ON/OFF CONTROL THERMAL SHUTDOWN SEL2 MAX8621Y MAX8621Z Figure 3. Functional Diagram and Typical Application Schematic ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 The die junction temperature can be calculated as follows: TJ = TA + PD × θJA When operating at an ambient temp of +70°C under the above conditions: Connect GND and PGND_ to the ground plane. The external feedback network should be very close to the FB pin, within 0.2in (5mm). Keep noisy traces, such as the LX node, as short as possible. Connect GND to the exposed paddle directly under the IC. Refer to the MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z evaluation kit for an example PC board layout and routing. ⎛ °C ⎞ TJ = 70°C + 1.182W⎜ 36 ⎟ = 112.6°C ⎝ W⎠ TJ should not exceed +150°C in normal operating conditions. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 5850 PROCESS: BiCMOS Printed Circuit Board Layout and Routing IN3 ENDR PWRON OUT3 TOP VIEW SEL2 Pin Configuration SEL1 High switching frequencies and relatively large peak currents make the PC board layout a very important aspect of design. Good design minimizes excessive EMI on the feedback paths and voltage gradients in the ground plane, both of which can result in instability or regulation errors. Connect CIN_ close to IN_ and GND. Connect the inductor and output capacitors (COUT_) as close to the IC as possible and keep the traces short, direct, and wide. The traces between COUT_, CFF_, and FB_ are sensitive to inductor magnetic field interference. Route these traces between ground planes or keep the traces away from the inductors. 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 OUT1 DR 19 11 RESET PGND2 20 10 IN2 LX2 21 MAX8621Y MAX8621Z IN1 22 LX1 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 FB2 GND REFBP EN4 OUT4 PGND1 24 FB1 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices 9 OUT2 8 EN2 7 EN3 A "+" SIGN WILL REPLACE THE FIRST PIN INDICATOR ON LEAD-FREE PACKAGES. 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices 24L QFN THIN.EPS PACKAGE OUTLINE, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28L THIN QFN, 4x4x0.8mm 21-0139 E 1 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) MAX8621Y/MAX8621Z Dual Step-Down DC-DC Power-Management ICs for Portable Devices Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) PACKAGE OUTLINE, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28L THIN QFN, 4x4x0.8mm 21-0139 E 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.