19-0858; Rev 0; 7/07 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet The MAX5952 is a quad -48V power controller designed for use in IEEE™ 802.3af-compliant/pre-IEEE 802.3at-compatible power-sourcing equipment (PSE). This device provides powered device (PD) discovery, classification, current limit, DC and AC load disconnect detections in compliance with the IEEE 802.3af standard. The MAX5952 is pin compatible with MAX5945/ LTC4258/LTC4259A PSE controllers and provides additional features. The MAX5952 features high-power mode that provides up to 45W per port. The MAX5952 provides instantaneous readout of each port current through the I2C interface. The MAX5952 also provides high-capacitance detection for legacy PDs. The device features an I2C-compatible, 3-wire serial interface, and is fully software configurable and programmable. The class-overcurrent detection function enables system power management to detect if a PD draws more than the allowable current. The MAX5952’s extensive programmability enhances system flexibility, enables field diagnosis, and allows for uses in other applications. The MAX5952 provides four operating modes to suit different system requirements. Auto mode allows the device to operate automatically without any software supervision. Semi-automatic mode automatically detects and classifies a device connected to a port after initial software activation, but does not power up that port until instructed to by software. Manual mode allows total software control of the device and is useful for system diagnostics. Shutdown mode terminates all activities and securely turns off power to the ports. The MAX5952 provides input undervoltage lockout (UVLO), input undervoltage detection, a load-stability safety check during detection, input overvoltage lockout, overtemperature detection, output voltage slewrate limit during startup, power-good status, and fault status. The MAX5952’s programmability includes startup timeout, overcurrent timeout, and load-disconnect detection timeout. The MAX5952 is available in a 36-pin SSOP package and is rated for both extended (-40°C to +85°C) and upper commercial (0°C to +85°C) temperature ranges. Features ♦ IEEE 802.3af Compliant/Pre-IEEE 802.3at Compatible ♦ Instantaneous Readout of Port Current Through I2C Interface ♦ High-Power Mode Enables Up to 45W Per Port ♦ High-Capacitance Detection for Legacy Devices ♦ Pin Compatible to MAX5945 and LTC4258/LTC4259A ♦ Four Independent Power-Switch Controllers ♦ PD Detection and Classification ♦ Load-Stability Safety Check During Detection ♦ Supports Both DC and AC Load Removal Detections ♦ I2C-Compatible, 3-Wire Serial Interface ♦ Current Foldback and Duty-Cycle-Controlled Current Limit ♦ Open-Drain INT Signal ♦ Direct Fast Shutdown Control Capability Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PINPACKAGE PKG CODE MAX5952AEAX+* -40°C to +85°C 36 SSOP A36-4 MAX5952AUAX+ 0°C to +85°C 36 SSOP A36-4 MAX5952CEAX+* -40°C to +85°C 36 SSOP A36-4 MAX5952CUAX+* 0°C to +85°C 36 SSOP A36-4 +Denotes a lead-free package. *Future product—contact factory for availability. Applications Power-Sourcing Equipment (PSE) Switches/Routers Midspan Power Injectors Pin Configuration and Selector Guide appear at end of data sheet. IEEE is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX5952 General Description MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Voltages referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted.) AGND, DGND, DET_, VDD, RESET, A3–A0, SHD_, OSC, SCL, SDAIN, and AUTO ......................................-0.3V to +80V OUT_........................................................-12V to (AGND + 0.3V) GATE_ (internally clamped) (Note 1) ..................-0.3V to +11.4V SENSE_ ..................................................................-0.3V to +24V VDD, RESET, MIDSPAN, A3–A0, SHD_, OSC, SCL, SDAIN and AUTO to DGND ..................................-0.3V to +7V INT and SDAOUT to DGND....................................-0.3V to +12V AGND to DGND........................................................-0.3V to +7V Maximum Current into INT, SDAOUT, DET_ .......................80mA Maximum Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 36-Pin SSOP (derate 11.4mW/°C above +70°C) ..........941mW Operating Temperature Ranges: MAX5952_EAX..............…………………………-40°C to +85°C MAX5952_UAX ....................................................0°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Note 1: GATE_ is internally clamped to 11.4V above VEE. Driving GATE_ higher than 11.4V above VEE may damage the device. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS POWER SUPPLIES VAGND Operating Voltage Range VDD Supply Currents VAGND - VEE 32 60 0 60 VDD to VDGND, VDGND = VAGND 1.71 5.50 VDD to VDGND, VDGND = VEE 3.0 5.5 VDGND IEE VOUT_ = VEE, VSENSE_ = VEE, DET_ = AGND, all logic inputs open, SCL = SDAIN = VDD. INT and SDAOUT open. Measured at AGND in power mode after GATE_ pullup 4.8 6.8 IDIG All logic inputs high, measured at VDD 3.0 5.6 IPU V mA GATE DRIVER AND CLAMPING GATE_ Pullup Current Power mode, gate drive on, VGATE = VEE -40 -50 -60 µA Weak GATE_ Pulldown Current IPDW SHD_ = DGND, VGATE_ = VEE + 10V 30 42 55 µA Maximum Pulldown Current IPDS VSENSE = 600mV, VGATE_ = VEE + 2V External Gate Drive VGS VGATE - VEE, power mode, gate drive on 9 10 2 70 _______________________________________________________________________________________ mA 11 V High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX IVEE = 00 202 212 220 IVEE = 01 192 202 212 IVEE = 10 186 190 200 IVEE = 11 170 180 190 ICUT = 000 (Class 0/3) 177 186 196 ICUT =110 (Class 1) 47 55 62 ICUT = 111 (Class 2) 86 94 101 ICUT = 001 265 280 295 ICUT = 010 310 327 345 ICUT = 011 355 374 395 ICUT = 100 398 419 440 ICUT =101 443 466 488 UNITS CURRENT LIMIT Current-Limit Clamp Voltage Overcurrent Threshold After Startup Foldback Initial OUT_ Voltage Foldback Final OUT_ Voltage Minimum Foldback Current-Limit Threshold SENSE_ Input Bias Current VSU_LIM VFLT_LIM VFLBK_ST Maximum VSENSE_ allowed during current limit, VOUT_ = 0V (ICUT = 000) (Note 3) Overcurrent VSENSE_ threshold allowed for t ≤ tFAULT after startup; VOUT_ = 0V, (IVEE = 00) VOUT_ - VEE, above which the current-limit trip voltage starts folding back, IVEE = 00 mV mV ICUT = 000, ICUT = 110, ICUT = 111 28 ICUT = 001…101 10 V IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, VOUT - VEE above VFLBK_END which the current-limit trip voltage reaches VTH_FB VTH_FB VOUT_ = AGND = 60V, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000 VSENSE_ = VEE -2 50 V 64 mV +2 µA _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX5952 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS SUPPLY MONITORS VEE Undervoltage Lockout VEE Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis VEEUVLO VEEUVLOH VEE Overvoltage Lockout VEE_OV VEE Overvoltage Lockout Hysteresis VOVH AGND - VEE, AGND - VEE increasing Ports shut down if AGND - VEE < VUVLO VEEUVLOH VEE_OV event bit sets and ports shut down if AGND - VEE > VEE_OV, AGND increasing VEE Undervoltage VEE_UV VEE_UV event bit is set if AGND - VEE < VEE_UV, VEE increasing VDD Overvoltage VDD_OV VDD_OV event bit is set if VDD - VDGND > VDD_OV; VDD increasing VDD Undervoltage VDD_UV VDD Undervoltage Lockout VDDUVLO VDD Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis VDDHYS VDD_OV is set if VDD - VDGND > VDD_UV, VDD decreasing 28.5 V 3 V 62.5 V 1 V 40 V MAX5952A 3.82 MAX5952C 5.7 MAX5952A 2.7 MAX5952C 4.2 V V Device operates when VDD - DGND > VDDUVLO, VDD increasing 2 V 120 mV Ports shut down and device resets if its junction temperature exceeds this limit, temperature increasing (Note 4) 150 °C 20 °C Thermal Shutdown Threshold TSHD Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis TSHDH Thermal hysteresis, temperature decreasing (Note 5) IBOUT VOUT = AGND, all modes OUTPUT MONITOR OUT_ Input Current Idle Pullup Current at OUT_ IDIS PGOOD High Threshold PGTH PGOOD Hysteresis PGHYS PGOOD Low-to-High Glitch Filter 4 tPGOOD OUT_ discharge current, detection and classification off, port shutdown, VOUT_ = AGND - 2.8V 200 VOUT_ - VEE, OUT_ decreasing 1.5 Minimum time PGOOD has to be high to set bit in register 10h 2.0 2 µA 260 µA 2.5 V 220 mV 3 ms _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS LOAD DISCONNECT DC Load Disconnect Threshold VDCTH Minimum VSENSE allowed before disconnect (DC disconnect active), VOUT_ = 0V 2.5 3.75 5.0 mV AC Load Disconnect Threshold (Note 6) IACTH Current into DET_, for I < IACTH the port powers off, ACD_EN_ bit = H; VOSC_IN = 2.2V 300 320 350 µA Oscillator Buffer Gain AOSC VDET_ / VOSC, ACD_EN_ bit = H 2.9 3.0 3.1 V/V VOSC_FAIL Port does not power on if VOSC < VOSC_FAIL and ACD_EN_ bit is high 1.8 2.2 V OSC Input Impedance ZOSC OSC input impedance when all the ACD_EN_ are active 100 Load Disconnect Timer tDISC Time from VSENSE < VDCTH to gate shutdown (Note 8) 300 Detection Probe Voltage (First Phase) VDPH1 AGND - VDET_ during the first detection phase 3.8 Detection Probe Voltage (Second Phase) VDPH2 AGND - VDET_ during the second detection phase Current-Limit Protection IDLIM VDET_ = AGND, during detection, measure current through DET_ Short-Circuit Threshold VDCP If AGND - VOUT < VDCP after the first detection phase a short circuit to AGND is detected Open-Circuit Threshold ID_OPEN OSC Fail Threshold (Note 7) kΩ 400 ms 4 4.2 V 9.0 9.3 9.6 V 1.5 1.75 2.0 mA DETECTION Resistor Detection Window RDOK Resistor Rejection Window RDBAD First point measurement current threshold for open condition (Note 9) 1 V 12.5 µA 19.0 26.5 Detection rejects lower values 15.2 kΩ kΩ Detection rejects higher values 32 VAGND - VDET_ during classification 16 20 V DET_ = AGND, during classification, measure current through DET_ 68 81 mA CLASSIFICATION Classification Probe Voltage Current-Limit Protection Classification Current Thresholds VCL ICILIM ICL Classification current thresholds between classes Class 0, Class 1 5.5 6.5 7.5 Class 1, Class 2 13 14.5 16 Class 2, Class 3 21 23 25 Class 3, Class 4 31 33 35 Class 4, Class 5 45 48 51 mA _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX5952 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 0.9 V DIGITAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS (Referred to DGND) Digital Input Low VIL Digital Input High VIH 2.4 V Internal Input Pullup/Pulldown Resistor RDIN Pullup (pulldown) resistor to VDD (DGND) to set default level Open-Drain Output Low Voltage VOL ISINK = 15mA Digital Input Leakage IDL Input connected to the pull voltage 2 µA Open-Drain Leakage IOL Open-drain high impedance, VO = 3.3V 2 µA 25 50 75 kΩ 0.4 V TIMING Startup Time tSTART Time during which a current limit set by VSU_LIM is allowed, starts when the GATE_ is turned on (Note 5) 50 60 70 ms Fault Time tFAULT Maximum allowed time for an overcurrent condition set by VFLT_LIM after startup (Note 5) 50 60 70 ms Port Turn-Off Time tOFF Detection Reset Time Detection Time tDET Midspan Mode Detection Delay tDMID Classification Time tCLASS VEEUVLO Turn-On Delay Restart Timer tDLY tRESTART Minimum delay between any port turning off, does not apply in case of a reset 0.5 Time allowed for the port voltage to reset before detection starts 80 Maximum time allowed before detection is completed 2.0 Time allowed for classification Time VAGND must be above the VEEUVLO thresholds before the device operates Time a port has to wait before turning on after an overcurrent fault, RSTR_EN_ bits = high tWD 2 RSTR bits = 00 16 x tFAULT RSTR bits = 01 32 x tFAULT RSTR bits = 10 64 x tFAULT RSTR bits = 11 Watchdog Clock Period 19 Rate of decrement of the watchdog timer ms 90 ms 330 ms 2.4 s 23 ms 4 ms ms 0 164 ms 9 Bits 0.51 V ADC PERFORMANCE Resolution Range LSB Step Size Integral Nonlinearity (Relative) 6 INL 1 mV 0.5 LSB _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet (AGND = 32V to 60V, VEE = 0V, VDD to DGND = +3.3V, all voltages are referenced to VEE, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at AGND = +48V, DGND = +48V, VDD = (DGND + 3.3V), TA = +25°C. Currents are positive when entering the pin and negative otherwise.) (Note 2) PARAMETER Differential Nonlinearity SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN DNL ADC Absolute Accuracy TYP MAX 0.1 UNITS LSB VSENSE = 100mV 5A (90) 61 (97) 67 (103) VSENSE = 250mV EF (239) F8 (248) 101 (257) VSENSE = 400mV 183 (387) 190 (400) 19F (415) Hex (Dec) TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (For 2-Wire Fast Mode, Note 10) Serial-Clock Frequency fSCL Bus Free Time Between a STOP and START Condition tBUF 1.2 µs tHD, STA 0.6 µs Low Period of the SCL Clock tLOW 1.2 µs High Period of the SCL Clock tHIGH 0.6 µs Setup Time for a Repeated START Condition (Sr) tSU, STA 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD, DAT 0 Data in Setup Time Hold Time for a START Condition 400 150 kHz ns tSU, DAT 100 Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving tR 20 + 0.1CB ns 300 ns Fall Time of SDA Transmitting tF 20 + 0.1CB 300 ns Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU, STO 0.6 Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line CB 400 pF Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed tSP 50 ns µs Limits to -40°C are guaranteed by design. Default values. The current-limit thresholds are programmed through the I2C-compatible serial interface (see the Register Map and Description section). Note 4: Functional test is performed over thermal shutdown entering test mode. Note 5: Default values. The startup and fault times can be also programmed through the I2C serial interface (see the Register Map and Description section). Note 6: This is the default value. Threshold can be programmed through serial interface R23h[2:0]. Note 7: AC disconnect works only if (VDD - VDGND) ≥ 3V and DGND is connected to AGND. Note 8: tDISC can also be programmed through the serial interface (R16H) (see the Register Map and Description section). Note 9: RD = (VOUT_2 - VOUT_1) / (IDET_2 - IDET_1). VOUT_1, VOUT_2, IDET_2 and IDET_1 represent the voltage at OUT_ and the current at DET_ during phase 1 and 2 of the detection. Note 10: Guaranteed by design. Not subject to production testing. Note 2: Note 3: _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX5952 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (VEE = -48V, VDD = +3.3V, AUTO = AGND = DGND = 0V, RESET = SHD_ = unconnected, RSENSE = 0.5Ω, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, TA = +25°C, all registers = default setting, unless otherwise noted.) ANALOG SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 5.0 4.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 4.5 4.5 1.0 4.4 4.4 0.5 4.3 4.3 37 42 47 52 57 0 -40 62 -15 10 35 60 85 -40 10 35 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) DIGITAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DIGITAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE VEE UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT vs. TEMPERATURE GATE OVERDRIVE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 4 3 2 29.0 28.5 28.0 27.5 1 27.0 0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 -40 5.0 -15 10 35 60 9.48 9.46 9.44 9.42 9.40 9.38 9.36 9.34 9.32 9.30 9.28 9.26 9.24 9.22 9.20 85 32 37 42 47 52 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) GATE OVERDRIVE vs. TEMPERATURE SENSE TRIP VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE SENSE TRIP VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 190 185 180 57 62 MAX5952 toc09 188 187 186 185 184 183 182 175 7.5 62 189 SENSE TRIP VOLTAGE (mV) 195 SENSE TRIP VOLTAGE (mV) 10.5 57 190 MAX5952 toc08 200 MAX5952 toc07 11.0 85 MAX5952 toc06 29.5 GATE OVERDRIVE (V) 5 30.0 MAX5952 toc05 MAX5952 toc04 MEASURED AT VDD 1.8 -15 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6 181 7.0 170 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 8 4.5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.1 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.0 32 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.2 UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (V) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.1 5.0 MAX5952 toc02 MEASURED AT AGND 5.2 5.3 MAX5952 toc01 5.3 DIGITAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX5952 toc03 ANALOG SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE GATE OVERDRIVE (V) MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet 60 85 180 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 32 37 42 47 52 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet (VEE = -48V, VDD = +3.3V, AUTO = AGND = DGND = 0V, RESET = SHD_ = unconnected, RSENSE = 0.5Ω, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, TA = +25°C, all registers = default setting, unless otherwise noted.) 200 150 100 250 200 150 100 50 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 0 5.0 MAX5952 toc11 300 VSENSE - VEE (mV) 250 MAX5952 toc10a 350 MAX5952 toc10 300 VSENSE - VEE (mV) DC LOAD DISCONNECT THRESHOLD vs. TEMPERATURE FOLDBACK CURRENT-LIMIT THRESHOLD vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE DC LOAD DISCONNECT THRESHOLD (mV) FOLDBACK CURRENT-LIMIT THRESHOLD vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 VOUT - VEE (V) 10 20 30 40 50 -40 10 35 60 85 OVERCURRENT RESPONSE WAVEFORM (MAX5952AUAX) (RLOAD = 240Ω TO 57Ω) OVERCURRENT TIMEOUT (RLOAD = 240Ω TO 57Ω) MAX5952 toc12 -15 TEMPERATURE (°C) VOUT - VEE (V) MAX5952 toc13 (AGND - VOUT) 50V/div 0V IOUT 200mA/div (AGND - VOUT) 50V/div 0V IOUT 200mA/div 0A 0V VGATE_ 10V/div 0A VEE VEE INT 5V/div 0V GATE 10V/div INT 2V/div 400μs/div 20ms/div SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE TIME SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE TIME MAX5952 toc14 MAX5952 toc15 (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div 0V 0V IOUT 10A/div IOUT 200mA/div 0A 130mA VGATE_ 10V/div VGATE_ 10V/div VEE 20ms/div VEE 4μs/div _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX5952 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VEE = -48V, VDD = +3.3V, AUTO = AGND = DGND = 0V, RESET = SHD_ = unconnected, RSENSE = 0.5Ω, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, TA = +25°C, all registers = default setting, unless otherwise noted.) RESET TO OUT TURN-OFF DELAY ZERO-CURRENT DETECTION WAVEFORM MAX5952 toc16 MAX5952 toc17 RESET 2V/div (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div 0V 0V IOUT 200mA/div 0A VGATE_ 10V/div VEE IOUT 200mA/div 0A VGATE_ 5V/div INT 2V/div VEE 0V 100μs/div 100ms/div OVERCURRENT RESTART DELAY STARTUP WITH VALID PD (25kΩ AND 0.1μF) MAX5952 toc18 MAX5952 toc19 (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div 0V 0V IOUT 100mA/div IOUT 200mA/div 0A 0A VGATE_ 10V/div VEE VGATE_ 5V/div VEE 400ms/div 100ms/div DETECTION WITH INVALID PD (25kΩ AND 10μF) DETECTION WITH INVALID PD (15kΩ) MAX5952 toc21 MAX5952 toc20 (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0V 0V IOUT 1mA/div IOUT 1mA/div 0A 40ms/div 10 100ms/div ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet (VEE = -48V, VDD = +3.3V, AUTO = AGND = DGND = 0V, RESET = SHD_ = unconnected, RSENSE = 0.5Ω, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, TA = +25°C, all registers = default setting, unless otherwise noted.) STARTUP IN MIDSPAN MODE WITH VALID PD (25kΩ AND 0.1μF) DETECTION WITH INVALID PD (33kΩ) MAX5952 toc22 MAX5952 toc23 (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0V (AGND - VOUT) 20V/div 0V IOUT 100mA/div IOUT 1mA/div 0A 0A VGATE_ 5V/div VEE 100ms/div 100ms/div DETECTION WITH MIDSPAN MODE WITH INVALID PD (15kΩ) DETECTION WITH MIDSPAN MODE WITH INVALID PD (33kΩ) MAX5952 toc24 MAX5952 toc25 (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0V 0V 0A IOUT 1mA/div 0A IOUT 1mA/div VEE VGATE_ 10V/div VEE VGATE_ 10V/div 400ms/div 400ms/div DETECTION WITH OUTPUT SHORTED DETECTION WITH INVALID PD (OPEN CIRCUIT, USING TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT 1) MAX5952 toc27 MAX5952 toc26 (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0V (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0V IOUT 1mA/div 0A IOUT 1mA/div VGATE_ 10V/div VEE VGATE_ 10V/div 0A VEE 40ms/div 40ms/div ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX5952 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VEE = -48V, VDD = +3.3V, AUTO = AGND = DGND = 0V, RESET = SHD_ = unconnected, RSENSE = 0.5Ω, IVEE = 00, ICUT = 000, TA = +25°C, all registers = default setting, unless otherwise noted.) DETECTION WITH INVALID PD (OPEN CIRCUIT, USING TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT 2) STARTUP WITH DIFFERENT PD CLASSES MAX5952 toc29 MAX5952 toc28 0V (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div 0A IOUT 1mA/div (AGND - VOUT) 5V/div CLASS 5 CLASS 4 CLASS 3 CLASS 2 CLASS 1 VGATE_ 10V/div VEE IOUT 20mA/div 40ms/div 40ms/div Pin Description 12 PIN NAME 1 RESET 2 MIDSPAN 3 INT 4 SCL 5 SDAOUT 6 SDAIN FUNCTION Hardware Reset. Pull RESET low for at least 300µs to reset the device. All internal registers reset to their default value. The address (A0–A3), and AUTO and MIDSPAN input-logic levels latch on during low-tohigh transition of RESET. RESET is internally pulled up to VDD with a 50kΩ resistor. Midspan Mode Input. An internal 50kΩ pulldown resistor to DGND sets the default mode to end-point PSE operation (power-over-signal pairs). Pull MIDSPAN to VDIG to set midspan operation. The MIDSPAN value latches after the IC is powered up or reset (see the PD Detection section). Open-Drain Interrupt Output. INT goes low whenever a fault condition exists. Reset the fault condition using software or by pulling RESET low (see the Interrupt section for more information about interrupt management). Serial Interface Clock Line Input Serial Output Data Line. Connect the data line optocoupler input to SDAOUT (see the Typical Operating Circuits). Connect SDAOUT to SDAIN if using a 2-wire, I2C-compatible system. Serial Interface Input Data Line. Connect the data line optocoupler output to SDAIN (see the Typical Operating Circuits). Connect SDAIN to SDAOUT if using a 2-wire, I2C-compatible system. ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet PIN NAME 7–10 A3–A0 11–14 DET1–DET4 15 DGND 16 VDD 17– 20 SHD1–SHD4 21 AGND 22, 25, 29, 32 SENSE4, SENSE3, SENSE2, SENSE1 MOSFET Source Current-Sense Negative Inputs. Connect to the source of the power MOSFET and connect a current-sense resistor between SENSE_ and VEE (see the Typical Operating Circuits). 23, 26, 30, 33 GATE4, GATE3, GATE2, GATE1 Port_ MOSFET Gate Drivers. Connect GATE_ to the gate of the external MOSFET (see the Typical Operating Circuits). 24, 27, 31, 34 28 35 36 FUNCTION Address Bits. A3–A0 form the lower part of the device’s address. Address inputs default high with an internal 50kΩ pullup resistor to VDD. The address values latch when VDD or VEE ramps up and exceeds its UVLO threshold or after a reset. The 3 MSBs of the address are set to 010. Detection/Classification Voltage Outputs. Use DET1 to set the detection and classification probe voltages on port 1. Use DET1 for the AC voltage sensing of port 1 when using the AC disconnect scheme (see the Typical Operating Circuits). Digital Ground. Connect to digital ground. Positive Digital Supply. Connect to a digital power supply (reference to DGND). Port Shutdown Inputs. Pull SHD_ low to turn off the external FET on port_. Internally pulled up to VDD with a 50kΩ resistor. Analog Ground. Connect to the high-side analog supply. MOSFET Drain-Output Voltage Senses. Connect OUT_ to the power MOSFET drain through a resistor OUT4, OUT3, (100Ω to 100kΩ). The low leakage at OUT_ limits the drop across the resistor to less than 100mV (see the OUT2, OUT1 Typical Operating Circuits). Low-Side Analog Supply Input. Connect the low-side analog supply to VEE (-48V). Bypass with a 1µF capacitor between AGND and VEE. VEE AUTO Auto or Shutdown Mode Input. Force AUTO high to enter auto mode after a reset or power-up. Drive low to put the MAX5952 into shutdown mode. In shutdown mode, software controls the operational modes of the MAX5952. A 50kΩ internal pulldown resistor defaults to AUTO low. AUTO latches when VDD or VEE ramps up and exceeds its UVLO threshold or when the device resets. Software commands can take the MAX5952 out of AUTO while AUTO is high. OSC Oscillator Input. AC-disconnect detection function uses OSC. Connect a 100Hz ±10%, 2VP-P ±5%, +1.2V offset sine wave to OSC. If the oscillator positive peak falls below the OSC_FAIL threshold of 2V, the ports that have the AC function enabled shut down and are not allowed to power-up. When not using the ACdisconnect detection function, leave OSC unconnected. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX5952 Pin Description (continued) High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 Functional Diagram VDD SCL SDAIN SDAOUT OSC_IN DGND SHD_ CURRENT SENSING VOLTAGE PROBING AND CURRENT-LIMIT CONTROL OSCILLATOR MONITOR SERIAL PORT INTERFACE (SPI) DET_ A0 DETECTION/ CLASSIFICATION SM A1 9-BIT ADC CONVERTER VOLTAGE SENSING OUT_ 10V ACD_ENABLE PORT STATE MACHINE (SM) A2 REGISTER FILE A3 50μA A=3 GATE_ AUTO PWR_EN MIDSPAN CENTRAL LOGIC UNIT (CLU) AC DISCONNECT SIGNAL (ACD) RESET REGISTER FILE INT DGND FAST DISCHARGE CONTROL 100mA 90μA MAX ACD REFERENCE CURRENT CURRENT MEASUREMENT VDD AGND 13V CLAMP AC DETECTION ANALOG BIAS/ SUPPLY MONITOR +10V ANALOG SENSE_ 9 BITS ADC CURRENT LIMIT (ILIM) +5V DIG CURRENT-LIMIT DETECTOR VOLTAGE REFERENCES VEE CURRENT REFERENCES OPEN CIRCUIT (OC) OVERCURRENT (OVC) FOLDBACK CONTROL MAX5952 14 4mV 182mV 212mV ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet The MAX5952 is a quad -48V power controller designed for use in IEEE 802.3af-compliant/pre-IEEE 802.3at-compatible PSE. This device provides PD discovery, classification, current limit, DC and AC load disconnect detections in compliance with the IEEE 802.3af standard. The MAX5952 is pin compatible with the MAX5945/LTC4258/LTC4259A PSE controllers and provides additional features. The MAX5952 features a high-power mode which provides up to 45W per port. The device allows the user to program the current-limit and overcurrent thresholds up to 2.5 times the default thresholds. The MAX5952 can also be programmed to decrease the current-limit and overcurrent threshold by 15% for high operating voltage conditions to keep the output power constant. The MAX5952 provides instantaneous readout of each port current through the I2C interface. The MAX5952 also provides high-capacitance detection for legacy PDs. The MAX5952 is fully software configurable and programmable through an I2C-compatible, 3-wire serial interface with 49 registers. The class-overcurrent detection function enables system power management to detect if a PD draws more than the allowable current. The MAX5952’s extensive programmability enhances system flexibility, enables field diagnosis, and allows for uses in other applications. The MAX5952 provides four operating modes to suit different system requirements. Auto mode allows the device to operate automatically without any software supervision. Semi-auto mode automatically detects and classifies a device connected to a port after initial software activation but does not power up that port until instructed to by software. Manual mode allows total software control of the device and is useful for system diagnostics. Shutdown mode terminates all activities and securely turns off power to the ports. The MAX5952 provides input undervoltage lockout, input undervoltage detection, a load-stability safety check during detection, input overvoltage lockout, overtemperature detection, output voltage slew-rate limit during startup, power-good, and fault status. The MAX5952’s programmability includes startup timeout, overcurrent timeout, and load-disconnect detection timeout. The MAX5952 communicates with the system microcontroller through an I 2C-compatible interface. The MAX5952 features separate input and output data lines (SDAIN and SDAOUT) for use with optocoupler isolation. As a slave device, the MAX5952 includes four address inputs allowing 16 unique addresses. A separate INT output and four independent shutdown inputs (SHD_) provide fast response from a fault to port shutdown between the MAX5952 and the microcontroller. A RESET input allows hardware reset of the device. Reset Reset is a condition the MAX5952 enters after any of the following conditions: 1) After power-up (V EE and V DD rise above their UVLO thresholds). 2) Hardware reset. The RESET input is driven low and back high again any time after power-up. 3) Software reset. Writing a 1 into R1Ah[4] any time after power-up. 4) Thermal shutdown. During a reset, the MAX5952 resets its register map to the reset state as shown in Table 37 and latches in the state of AUTO (pin 35) and MIDSPAN (pin 2). During normal operation, change at the AUTO and MIDSPAN input is ignored. While the condition that caused the reset persists (i.e. high temperature, RESET input low, or UVLO conditions) the MAX5952 does not acknowledge any addressing from the serial interface. Port Reset (R1Ah [3:0]) Set high anytime during normal operation to turn off power and clear the events and status registers of the corresponding port. Port reset only resets the events and status registers. Midspan Mode In midspan mode, the device adopts cadence timing during the detection phase. When cadence timing is enabled and a failed detection occurs, the port waits between 2s and 2.4s before attempting to detect again. Midspan mode is activated by setting R11[1] high. The status of the MIDSPAN pin is written to R11[1] during power-up or after a reset. MIDSPAN is internally pulled low by a 50kΩ resistor. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX5952 Detailed Description MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Operation Modes The MAX5952 contains four independent, but identical state machines to provide reliable and real-time control of the four network ports. Each state machine has four operating modes: auto mode, semi-auto mode, manual, and shutdown. Auto mode allows the device to operate automatically without any software supervision. Semiauto mode, upon request, continuously detects and classifies a device connected to a port but does not power up that port until instructed by software. Manual mode allows total software control of the device and is useful in system diagnostics. Shutdown mode terminates all activities and securely turns off power to the ports. Switching between auto, semi, or manual mode does not interfere with the operation of the port. When the port is set into shutdown mode, all the port operations are immediately stopped and the port remains idle until shutdown is exited. Automatic (Auto) Mode Enter automatic (auto) mode by forcing the AUTO input high prior to a reset, or by setting R12h[P_M1,P_M0] to [1,1] during normal operation (see Tables 16 and 16a). In auto mode, the MAX5952 performs detection, classification, and powers up the port automatically once a valid PD is detected at the port. If a valid PD is not connected at the port, the MAX5952 repeats the detection routine continuously until a valid PD is connected. Going into auto mode, the DET_EN and CLASS_EN bits are set to high and stay high unless changed by software. Using software to set DET_EN and/or CLASS_EN low causes the MAX5952 to skip detection and/or classification. As a protection, disabling the detection routine in auto mode does not allow the corresponding port to power up, unless the DET_BY (R23H[4]) is set to 1. The AUTO status is latched into the register only during a reset. Any changes to the AUTO input after reset are ignored. Semi-Automatic (Semi-Auto) Mode Enter semi-auto mode by setting R12h[P_M1,P_M0] to [1,0] during normal operation (see Tables 16 and 16a). In semi-auto mode, the MAX5952, upon request, performs detection and/or classification repeatedly but does not power up the port(s), regardless of the status of the port connection. Setting R19h[PWR_ON_] (Table 22) high immediately terminates detection/classification routines and turns on power to the port(s). 16 R14h[DET_EN_, CLASS_EN_] default to low in semi-auto mode. Use software to set R14h[DET_EN_, CLASS_EN_] to high to start the detection and/or classification routines. R14h[DET_EN_, CLASS_EN_] are reset every time the software commands a power off of the port (either through reset or PWR_OFF). In any other case, the status of the bits is left unchanged (including when the state machine turns off the power because a load disconnect or a fault condition is encountered). Manual Mode Enter manual mode by setting R12h[P_M1,P_M0] to [0,1] during normal operation (see Tables 16 and 16a). Manual mode allows the software to dictate any sequence of operation. Write a 1 to both R14h[DET_EN_] and R14h[CLASS_EN_] to start detection and classification operations, respectively, and in that priority order. After execution, the command is cleared from the register(s). PWR_ON_ has highest priority. Setting PWR_ON_ high at any time causes the device to immediately enter the powered mode. Setting DET_EN and CLASS_EN high at the same time causes detection to be performed first. Once in the powered state, the device ignores DET_EN_ or CLASS_EN_ commands. When switching to manual mode from another mode, DET_EN_, CLASS_EN_ default to low. These bits become pushbutton rather than configuration bits (i.e., writing ones to these bits while in manual mode commands the device to execute one cycle of detection and/or classification. The bits are reset back to zeros at the end of the execution). Shutdown Mode Enter shutdown mode by forcing the AUTO input low prior to a reset, or by setting R12h[P_M1,P_M0] to [0,0] during normal operation (see Tables 16 and 16a). Putting the MAX5952 into shutdown mode immediately turns off power and halts all operations to the corresponding port. The event and status bits of the affected port(s) are also cleared. In shutdown mode, the DET_EN, CLASS_EN and PWR_ON commands are ignored. In shutdown mode, the serial interface operates normally. PD Detection When PD detection is activated, the MAX5952 probes the output for a valid PD. After each detection cycle, the device sets the DET_END_ bit R04h/05h[3:0] high and reports the detection results in the status registers R0Ch[2:0], R0Dh[2:0], R0Eh[2:0], and R0Fh[2:0]. The DET_END_ bit is reset to low when read through R05h or after a port reset. ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet An external diode, in series with the DET_ input, restricts PD detection to the first quadrant as specified by the IEEE 802.3af/at standard. To prevent damage to non-PD devices, and to protect itself from an output short circuit, the MAX5952 limits the current into DET_ to less than 2mA maximum during PD detection. In midspan mode, the MAX5952 waits 2.2s before attempting another detection cycle after every failed detection. The first detection, however, happens immediately after issuing the detection command. High-Capacitance Detection The CLC_EN bit in register R23h[5] enables the large capacitor detection feature for legacy PD devices. When CLC_EN = 1, the high-capacitance detection limit is extended up to 100µF. CLC_EN = 0 is the default condition for the normal capacitor size detection. See Table 1 and the Register Map and Description section. Table 1. PSE PI Detection Modes Electrical Requirement (Table 33-2 of the IEEE 802.3af Standard) PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN MAX Open-Circuit Voltage VOC — 30 V In detection mode only Short-Circuit Current ISC — 5 mA In detection mode only Valid Test Voltage VVALID 2.8 10 V Voltage Difference Between Test Points ΔVTEST 1 — V tBP 2 — ms 0.1 V/µs Time Between Any Two Test Points UNITS Slew Rate VSLEW Accept Signature Resistance RGOOD 19 26.5 kΩ Reject Signature Resistance RBAD < 15 > 33 kΩ Open-Circuit Resistance ROPEN 500 — kΩ Accept Signature Capacitance CGOOD — 150 nF Reject Signature Capacitance CBAD 10 — µF Signature Offset Voltage Tolerance VOS 0 2.0 V Signature Offset Current Tolerance IOS 0 12 µA ADDITIONAL INFORMATION This timing implies a 500Hz maximum probing frequency ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX5952 A valid PD has a 25kΩ discovery signature characteristic as specified in the IEEE 802.3af/at standard. Table 1 shows the IEEE 802.3af/at specification for a PSE detecting a valid PD signature. See the Typical Operating Circuits and Figure 1 (Detection, Classification, and Power-Up Port Sequence). The MAX5952 can probe and categorize different types of devices connected to the port such as: a valid PD, an open circuit, a low resistive load, a high resistive load, a high capacitive load, a positive DC supply, or a negative DC supply. During detection, the MAX5952 keeps the external MOSFET off and forces two probe voltages through the DET_ input. The current through the DET_ input is measured as well as the voltage at OUT_. A two-point slope measurement is used as specified by the IEEE 802.3af standard to verify the device connected to the port. The MAX5952 implements appropriate settling times and a 100ms digital integration to reject 50Hz/60Hz powerline noise coupling. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Powered Device Classification (PD Classification) During the PD classification mode, the MAX5952 forces a probe voltage (-18V) at DET_ and measures the current into DET_. The measured current determines the class of the PD. After each classification cycle, the device sets the CL_END_ bit (R04h/05h[7:4]) high and reports the classification results in the status registers R0Ch[6:4], R0Dh[6:4], R0Eh[6:4], and R0Fh[6:4]. The CL_END_ bit is reset to low when read through register R05h or after a port reset. Both status registers, R04h, and R05h are cleared after the port powers down. Table 2 shows the IEEE 802.3af requirement for a PSE classifying a PD at the power interface (PI). The MAX5952 supports high power beyond the IEEE 802.3af standard by providing additional classifications (Class 5 and ping-pong classification). Powered State When the MAX5952 enters a powered state, the tSTART and tDISC timers are reset. Before turning on the port power, the MAX5952 checks if any other port is not turning on and if the t FAULT timer is zero. Another check is performed if the ACD_EN bit is set, in this case the OSC_FAIL bit must be low (oscillator is okay) for the port to be powered. Table 2. PSE Classification of a PD (Table 33.4 of the IEEE 802.3af) MEASURED ICLASS (mA) 0 to 5 > 5 and < 8 8 to 13 > 13 and < 16 16 to 21 > 21 and < 25 25 to 31 > 31 and < 35 35 to 45 > 45 and < 51 51 to 68 If these conditions are met, the MAX5952 enters startup where it turns on power to the port. An internal signal, POK_, asserts high when VOUT is within 2V from VEE. PGOOD_ status bits are set high if POK_ stays high longer than tPGOOD. PGOOD immediately resets when POK goes low. The PWR_CHG bit sets when a port powers up or down. PWR_EN sets when a port powers up and resets when a port shuts down. The port shutdown timer lasts 0.5ms and prevents other ports from turning off during that period, except in the case of emergency shutdowns (RESET = L, RESET_IC = H, VEEUVLO, VDDUVLO, and TSHD). The MAX5952 always checks the status of all ports before turning off. A priority logic system determines the order to prevent the simultaneous turn-on or turn-off of the ports. The port with the lesser ordinal number gets priority over the others (i.e., port 1 turns on first, port 2 second, port 3 third and port 4 fourth). Setting PWR_OFF_ high turns off power to the corresponding port. 80ms 0V 150ms 150ms 21.3ms tDETI tDETII tCLASS 0V -4V CLASSIFICATION Class 0 -9V May be Class 0 and 1 Class 1 May be Class 1 or 2 OUT_ Class 2 May be Class 2 or 3 -18V Class 3 May be Class 3 or 4 Class 4 May be Class 4 or 5 -48V Class 5 Figure 1. Detection, Classification, and Power-Up Port Sequence 18 ______________________________________________________________________________________ t High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet tPGOOD PGOOD ICUT Register and High-Power Mode Figure 2. PGOOD Timing Overcurrent Protection A sense resistor RS connected between SENSE_ and VEE monitors the load current. Under normal operating conditions, the voltage across RS (VRS) never exceeds the threshold V SU_LIM. If V RS exceeds V SU_LIM, an internal current-limiting circuit regulates the GATE voltage, limiting the current to ILIM = VSU_LIM / RS. During transient conditions, if VRS exceeds VSU_LIM by more than 1V, a fast pulldown circuit activates to quickly recover from the current overshoot. During startup, if the current-limit condition persists, when the startup timer, t START, times out, the port shuts off, and the STRT_FLT_ bit is set. In the normal powered state, the MAX5952 checks for overcurrent conditions as determined by VFLT_LIM = ~88% of VSU_LIM. The tFAULT counter sets the maximum allowed continuous overcurrent period. The tFAULT counter increases when VRS exceeds VFLT_LIM and decreases at a slower pace when VRS drops below VFLT_LIM. A slower decrement for the tFAULT counter allows for detecting repeated short-duration overcurrents. When the counter reaches the tFAULT limit, the MAX5952 powers off the port and asserts the IMAX_FLT_ bit. For a continuous overstress, a fault latches exactly after a period of tFAULT. VSU_LIM ICUT Register The ICUT register determines the maximum current limits allowed for each port of the MAX5952. The 3 ICUT bits (R2Ah[6:4], R2Ah[2:0], R2Bh[6:4], and R2Bh[2:0]) allow programming of the current-limit and overcurrent thresholds in excess of the IEEE standard limit (see Tables 34a, 34b, and 34c). The ICUT registers can be written to directly through the I 2 C interface when CL_DISC (R17h[2]) is set to 0 (see Table 3). In this case, the current limit of the port is configured regardless of the status of the classification. By setting the CL_DISC bit to 1, the MAX5952 automatically sets the ICUT register based upon the classification result of the port. See Table 3 and the Register Map and Description section. Table 3. Automatic ICUT Programming CL_DISC PORT CLASSIFICATION RESULT RESULTING ICUT REGISTER BITS 0 Any User programmed 1 1 ICUT = 110 1 2 ICUT = 111 1 0, 3 ICUT = 000 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 MAX5952 POK is programmable through the ICUT registers R2Ah[6:4], R2Ah[2:0], R2Bh[6:4], R2Bh[2:0], and the IVEE bits in register R29h[1:0]. See the High-Power Mode section for more information on the ICUT register. After power-off due to an overcurrent fault, and if the RSTR_EN bit is set, the tFAULT timer is not immediately reset but starts decrementing at the same slower pace. The MAX5952 allows the port to be powered on only when the tFAULT counter is at zero. This feature sets an automatic duty-cycle protection to the external MOSFET avoiding overheating. The MAX5952 continuously flags when the current exceeds the maximum current allowed for the class as indicated in the CLASS status register. When class overcurrent occurs, the MAX5952 sets the IVC bit in register R09h. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet High-Power Mode When CL_DISC (R17h[2]) is set to 0, high-power mode is configured by setting the ICUT bits to any combination other than 000, 110, or 111 (note that 000 is the default value for the IEEE standard limit). See Table 3 and the Register Map and Description section. current source pulls down GATE_ to VEE to turn off the MOSFET. The pullup and pulldown current controls the maximum slew rate at the output during turn-on or turn-off. Use the following equation to set the maximum slew rate: ΔVOUT IGATE = Δt CGD Foldback Current During startup and normal operation, an internal circuit senses the voltage at OUT_ and reduces the currentlimit value when (VOUT_ - VEE) > 28V. The foldback function helps to reduce the power dissipation on the FET. The current limit eventually reduces to 1/3 of ILIM when (VOUT_ - VEE ) > 48V (see Figure 3a). For highpower mode, the foldback starts when (VOUT_ - VEE ) > 10V (see Figure 3b). In high-power mode, the current limit (ILIM) is reduced up to 1/8 of its programmed value when (VOUT_ - VEE ) > 48V. MOSFET Gate Driver Connect the gate of the external n-channel MOSFET to GATE_. An internal 50µA current source pulls GATE_ to (VEE + 10V) to turn on the MOSFET. An internal 40µA where CGD is the total capacitance between GATE and DRAIN of the external MOSFET. Current limit and the capacitive load at the drain control the slew rate during startup. During current-limit regulation, the MAX5952 manipulates the GATE_ voltage to control the voltage at SENSE_ (VRS). A fast pulldown activates if VRS overshoots the limit threshold (VSU_LIM). The fast pulldown current increases with the amount of overshoot. The maximum fast pulldown current is 100mA. During turn-off, when the GATE voltage reaches a value lower than 1.2V, a strong pulldown switch is activated to keep the MOSFET securely off. (VSENSE_ - VEE) (VRS - VEE) VSU_LIM VSU_LIM VSU_LIM / 3 VSU_LIM / 3 28V Figure 3a. Foldback Current Characteristics 20 48V (VOUT_ - VEE) 10V 48V (VOUT_ - VEE) Figure 3b. Foldback Current Characteristics for High-Power Mode ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Hardware Shutdown SHD_ shuts down the respective ports without using the serial interface. Hardware shutdown offers an emergency turn-off feature that allows a fast disconnect of the power supply from the port. Pull SHD_ low to remove power. SHD_ also resets the corresponding events and status register bits. Interrupt The MAX5952 contains an open-drain logic output (INT) that goes low when an interrupt condition exists. R00h and R01h (Tables 6 and 7) contain the definitions of the interrupt registers. The mask register R01h determines events that trigger an interrupt. As a response to an interrupt, the controller reads the status of the event register to determine the cause of the interrupt and takes subsequent actions. Each interrupt event register also contains a Clear on Read (CoR) register. Reading through the CoR register address clears the interrupt. INT remains low when reading the interrupt through the read-only addresses. For example, to clear a startup fault on the port 4 read address 09h (see Table 11). Use the global pushbutton bit in register 1Ah (bit 7, Table 23) to clear interrupts, or use a software or hardware reset. Undervoltage and Overvoltage Protection The MAX5952 contains several undervoltage and overvoltage protection features. Table 12 in the Register Map and Description section shows a detailed list of the undervoltage and overvoltage protection features. An internal VEE undervoltage lockout (VEEUVLO) circuit keeps the MOSFET off and the MAX5952 in reset until VAGND - VEE exceeds 29V for more than 3ms. An internal VEE overvoltage (VEE_OV) circuit shuts down the ports when (VAGND - VEE) exceeds 60V. The digital supply also contains an undervoltage lockout (V DDUVLO ). The MAX5952 also features three other undervoltage and overvoltage interrupts: VEE undervoltage interrupt (V EEUV ), V DD undervoltage interrupt (VDDUV), and VDD overvoltage interrupt (VDDOV). A fault latches into the supply events register (Table 12), but the MAX5952 does not shut down the ports with VEEUV, VDDUV, or VDDOV. DC Disconnect Monitoring Setting R13h[DCD_EN_] bits high enable DC load monitoring during a normal powered state. If VRS (the voltage across RS) falls below the DC load disconnect threshold, VDCTH, for more than tDISC, the device turns off power and asserts the LD_DISC_ bit of the corresponding port. AC Disconnect Monitoring The MAX5952 features AC load disconnect monitoring. Connect an external sine wave to OSC. The oscillator requirements are: 1) Frequency x VP-P = 200VP-P x Hz ±15% 2) Positive peak voltage > +2V 3) Frequency > 60Hz A 100Hz ±10%, 2VP-P ±5%, with +1.2V offset (VPEAK = +2.2V typical) is recommended. The MAX5952 buffers and amplifies 3x the external oscillator signal and sends the signal to DET_, where the sine wave is AC-coupled to the output. The MAX5952 senses the presence of the load by monitoring the amplitude of the AC current returned to DET_ (see the Functional Diagram). Setting R13h[ACD_EN_] bits high enable AC load disconnect monitoring during a normal powered state. If the AC current peak at the DET_ input falls below IACTH for more than tDISC, the device turns off power and asserts the LD_DISC_ bit of the corresponding port. IACTH is programmable using R23h[0-3]. An internal comparator checks for a proper amplitude of the oscillator input. If the positive peak of the input sinusoid falls below a safety value of 2V, OSC_FAIL sets and the port shuts down. Power cannot be applied to the ports when ACD_EN is set high and OSC_FAIL is set high. Leave OSC unconnected or connect it to DGND when not using AC-disconnect detection. Thermal Shutdown If the MAX5952 die temperature reaches +150°C, an overtemperature fault generates and the MAX5952 shuts down. The MOSFETs turn off. The die temperature of the MAX5952 must cool down below 130°C to remove the overtemperature fault condition. After a thermal shutdown, the part is reset. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 21 MAX5952 Digital Logic VDD supplies power for the internal logic circuitry. VDD ranges from +3.0V to +5.5V and determines the logic thresholds for the CMOS connections (SDAIN, SDAOUT, SCL, AUTO, SHD_, A_). This voltage range enables the MAX5952 to interface with a nonisolated low-voltage microcontroller. The MAX5952 checks the digital supply for compatibility with the internal logic. The MAX5952 also features a VDD undervoltage lockout (VDDUVLO) of +2.0V. A VDDUVLO condition keeps the MAX5952 in reset and the ports shut off. Bit 0 in the supply event register shows the status of VDDUVLO (Table 12) after VDD has recovered. All logic inputs and outputs reference to DGND. DGND and AGND must be connected together externally. Connect DGND to AGND at a single point in the system as close as possible to the MAX5952. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Watchdog I2C-Compatible Serial Interface R1Dh, R1Eh, and R1F registers control the watchdog operation. The watchdog function, when enabled, allows the MAX5952 to gracefully take over control or securely shuts down the power to the ports in case of software/ firmware crashes. Contact the factory for more details. The MAX5952 operates as a slave that sends and receives data through an I 2C-compatible, 2-wire or 3-wire interface. The interface uses a serial-data input line (SDAIN), a serial-data output line (SDAOUT), and a serial-clock line (SCL) to achieve bidirectional communication between master(s) and slave(s). A master (typically a microcontroller) initiates all data transfers to and from the MAX5952, and generates the SCL clock that synchronizes the data transfer. In most applications, connect the SDAIN and the SDAOUT lines together to form the serial-data line (SDA). Using the separate input and output data lines allows optocoupling with the controller bus when an isolated supply powers the microcontroller. Address Inputs A3, A2, A1, and A0 represent the four LSBs of the chip address. The complete chip address is 7 bits (see Table 4). Table 4. MAX5952 Address 0 1 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W The MAX5952 SDAIN line operates as an input. The MAX5952 SDAOUT operates as an open-drain output. A pullup resistor, typically 4.7kΩ, is required on SDAOUT. The MAX5952 SCL line operates only as an input. A pullup resistor, typically 4.7kΩ, is required on SCL if there are multiple masters, or if the master in a singlemaster system has an open-drain SCL output. The four LSBs latch on the low-to-high transition of RESET or after a power-supply start (either on VDD or VEE). Address inputs default high through an internal 50kΩ pullup resistor to VDD. The MAX5952 also responds to the call through a global address 30h (see the Global Addressing and Alert Response Protocol section). SDAIN tBUF tSU, DAT tLOW tSU, STA tHD, DAT tHD, STA tSU, STO SCL tHIGH tHD, STA tR tF START CONDITION REPEATED START CONDITION STOP CONDITION START CONDITION Figure 4. 2-Wire Serial Interface Timing Details SDAIN/SDA tBUF tSU, DAT tLOW tSU, STA tHD, DAT tHD, STA tSU, STO SCL tHIGH tHD, STA tR tF START CONDITION REPEATED START CONDITION STOP CONDITION Figure 5. 3-Wire Serial Interface Timing Details 22 ______________________________________________________________________________________ START CONDITION High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Bit Transfer Each clock pulse transfers one data bit (Figure 7). The data on SDA must remain stable while SCL is high. Acknowledge The acknowledge bit is a clocked 9th bit (Figure 8) that the recipient uses to handshake receipt of each byte of data. Thus each byte effectively transferred requires 9 bits. The master generates the 9th clock pulse, and the recipient pulls down SDA (or the SDAOUT in the 3-wire interface) during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable low during the high period of the clock pulse. When the master transmits to the MAX5952, the MAX5952 generates the acknowledge bit. When the MAX5952 transmits to the master, the master generates the acknowledge bit. START and STOP Conditions Both SCL and SDA remain high when the interface is not busy. A master signals the beginning of a transmission with a START (S) condition by transitioning SDA from high to low while SCL is high. When the master finishes communicating with the slave, the master issues a STOP (P) condition by transitioning SDA from low to high while SCL is high. The stop condition frees the bus for another transmission. SDA SDA/ SDAIN SCL SCL S START P STOP . DATA LINE STABLE; CHANGE OF DATA VALID DATA ALLOWED Figure 7. Bit Transfer Figure 6. START and STOP Conditions CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT START CONDITION 1 SCL 2 8 9 SDA BY TRANSMITTER S SDA BY RECEIVER Figure 8. Acknowledge ______________________________________________________________________________________ 23 MAX5952 Serial Addressing Each transmission consists of a START condition (Figure 6) sent by a master, followed by the MAX5952 7-bit slave address plus R/W bit, a register address byte, one or more data bytes, and finally a STOP condition. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Slave Address The MAX5952 has a 7-bit long slave address (Figure 9). The bit following the 7-bit slave address (bit eight) is the R/W bit, which is low for a write command and high for a read command. 010 always represents the first three bits (MSBs) of the MAX5952 slave address. Slave address bits A3, A2, A1, and A0 represent the states of the MAX5952’s A3, A2, A1, and A0 inputs, allowing up to sixteen MAX5952 devices to share the bus. The states of the A3, A2, A1 and A0 latch in upon the reset of the MAX5952 into register R11h. The MAX5952 monitors the bus continuously, waiting for a START condition followed by the MAX5952’s slave address. When a MAX5952 recognizes its slave address, the MAX5952 acknowledges and is then ready for continued communication. respond to the interrupt and take proper actions. The MAX5952 does not reset its own interrupt at the end of the alert response protocol. The microcontroller has to do it by clearing the event register through their CoR adresses or activating the CLR_INT pushbutton. Message Format for Writing to the MAX5952 A write to the MAX5952 comprises of the MAX5952’s slave address transmission with the R/W bit set to 0, followed by at least one byte of information. The first byte of information is the command byte (Figure 10). The command byte determines which register of the MAX5952 is written to by the next byte, if received. If the MAX5952 detects a STOP condition after receiving the command byte, the MAX5952 takes no further action beyond storing the command byte. Any bytes received after the command byte are data bytes. The first data byte goes into the internal register of the MAX5952 selected by the command byte. If the MAX5952 transmits multiple data bytes before the MAX5952 detects a STOP condition, these bytes store in subsequent MAX5952 internal registers because the control byte address auto-increments. Any bytes received after the control byte are data bytes. The first data byte goes into the internal register of the MAX5952 selected by the control byte (Figure 7). If multiple data bytes are transmitted before a STOP condition is detected, these bytes are stored in subsequent MAX5952 internal registers because the control byte address auto-increments. Global Addressing and Alert Response Protocol The global address call is used in writing mode to write the same register to multiple devices (address 0x60). In read mode (address 0x61), the global address call is used as the alert response address. When responding to a global call, the MAX5952 puts out on the data line its own address whenever its interrupt is active. So does every other device connected to the SDAOUT line that has an active interrupt. After every bit transmitted, the MAX5952 checks that the data line effectively corresponds to the data it is delivering. If it is not, it then backs off and frees the data line. This litigation protocol always allows the part with the lowest address to complete the transmission. The microcontroller can then MSB SDA 0 LSB 1 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W SCL Figure 9. Slave Address CONTROL BYTE IS STORED ON RECEIPT OF STOP CONDITION ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 S SLAVE ADDRESS 0 R/W D15 A D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 CONTROL BYTE A P ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 Figure 10. Control Byte Received 24 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ACK High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Operation with Multiple Masters When the MAX5952 operates on a 2-wire interface with multiple masters, a master reading the MAX5952 should use repeated starts between the write which sets the MAX5952’s address pointer, and the read(s) that take the data from the location(s). It is possible for master 2 to take over the bus after master 1 has set up the MAX5952’s address pointer but before master 1 has read the data. If master 2 subsequently resets the MAX5952’s address pointer then master 1’s read may be from an unexpected location. Command Address Auto-Incrementing Address auto-incrementing allows the MAX5952 to be configured with fewer transmissions by minimizing the number of times the command address needs to be sent. The command address stored in the MAX5952 generally increments after each data byte is written or read (Table 4). The MAX5952 is designed to prevent overwrites on unavailable register addresses and unintentional wrap-around of addresses. Table 5. Auto-Increment Rules COMMAND BYTE ADDRESS RANGE AUTO-INCREMENT BEHAVIOR 0x00 to 0x26 Command address auto-increments after byte read or written 0x26 Command address remains at 0x26 after byte written or read ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 HOW CONTROL BYTE AND DATA BYTE MAP INTO THE REGISTER ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 S SLAVE ADDRESS 0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 A D9 ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 D8 CONTROL BYTE D7 D6 D5 A D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DATA BYTE A P 1 BYTE R/W AUTO-INCREMENT MEMORY WORD ADDRESS Figure 11. Control and Single Data Byte Received ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 HOW CONTROL BYTE AND DATA BYTE MAP INTO THE REGISTER ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 S SLAVE ADDRESS 0 R/W D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 A CONTROL BYTE D9 ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5952 D8 D7 A D6 D5 D4 D3 DATA BYTE D2 D1 D0 A P n BYTES AUTO-INCREMENT MEMORY WORD ADDRESS Figure 12. ‘n’ Data Bytes Received ______________________________________________________________________________________ 25 MAX5952 Message Format for Reading The MAX5952 reads using the MAX5952’s internally stored command byte as an address pointer, the same way the stored command byte is used as an address pointer for a write. The pointer auto-increments after reading each data byte using the same rules as for a write. Thus, a read is initiated by first configuring the MAX5952’s command byte by performing a write (Figure 11). The master now reads ‘n’ consecutive bytes from the MAX5952, with the first data byte read from the register addressed by the initialized command byte (Figure 12). When performing read-after-write verification, remember to reset the command byte’s address because the stored control byte address auto-increments after the write. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Register Map and Description The interrupt register (Table 6) summarizes the event register status and is used to send an interrupt signal (INT goes low) to the controller. Writing a 1 to R1Ah[7] clears all interrupt and events registers. A reset sets R00h to 00h. INT_EN (R17h[7]) is a global interrupt mask (Table 7). The MASK_ bits activate the corresponding interrupt bits in register R00h. Writing a 0 to INT_EN (R17h[7]) disables the INT output. A reset sets R01h to AAA00A00b where A is the state of the AUTO input prior to the reset. Table 6. Interrupt Register ADDRESS = 00h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W SUP_FLT 7 R Interrupt signal for supply faults. SUP_FLT is the logic OR of all the bits [7:0] in register R0Ah/R0Bh (Table 12). TSTR_FLT 6 R Interrupt signal for startup failures. TSRT_FLT is the logic OR of bits [7:0] in register R08h/R09h (Table 11). IMAX_FLT 5 R Interrupt signal for current-limit violations. IMAX_FLT is the logic OR of bits [3:0] in register R06h/R07h (Table 10). CL_END 4 R Interrupt signal for completion of classification. CL_END is the logic OR of bits [7:4] in register R04h/R05h (Table 9). DET_END 3 R Interrupt signal for completion of detection. DET_END is the logic OR of bits [3:0] in register R04h/R05h (Table 9). LD_DISC 2 R Interrupt signal for load disconnection. LD_DISC is the logic OR of bits [7:4] in register R06h/R07h (Table 10). PG_INT 1 R Interrupt signal for PGOOD status change. PG_INT is the logic OR of bits [7:4] in register R02h/R03h (Table 8). PE_INT 0 R Interrupt signal for power-enable status change. PEN_INT is the logic OR of bits [3:0] in register R02h/R03h (Table 8). Table 7. Interrupt Mask Register ADDRESS = 01h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W MASK7 7 R/W Interrupt mask bit 7. A logic-high enables the SUP_FLT interrupts. A logic-low disables the SUP_FLT interrupts. MASK6 6 R/W Interrupt mask bit 6. A logic-high enables the TSTR_FLT interrupts. A logic-low disables the TSTR_FLT interrupts. MASK5 5 R/W Interrupt mask bit 5. A logic-high enables the IMAX_FLT interrupts. A logic-low disables the IMAX_FLT interrupts. MASK4 4 R/W Interrupt mask bit 4. A logic-high enables the CL_END interrupts. A logic-low disables the CL_END interrupts. MASK3 3 R/W Interrupt mask bit 3. A logic-high enables the DET_END interrupts. A logic-low disables the DET_END interrupts. MASK2 2 R/W Interrupt mask bit 2. A logic-high enables the LD_DISC interrupts. A logic-low disables the LD_DISC interrupts. MASK1 1 R/W Interrupt mask bit 1. A logic-high enables the PG_INT interrupts. A logic-low disables the PG_INT interrupts. MASK0 0 R/W Interrupt mask bit 0. A logic-high enables the PEN_INT interrupts. A logic-low disables the PEN_INT interrupts. 26 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet actual level of the bits. The power event register has two addresses. When read through the R02h address, the content of the register is left unchanged. When read through the CoR R03h address, the register content is cleared. A reset sets R02h/R03h = 00h. Table 8. Power Event Register ADDRESS = 02h 03h BIT R/W R/W PG_CHG4 7 R CoR PGOOD change event for port 4 PG_CHG3 6 R CoR PGOOD change event for port 3 PG_CHG2 5 R CoR PGOOD change event for port 2 PG_CHG1 4 R CoR PGOOD change event for port 1 PWEN_CHG4 3 R CoR Power enable change event for port 4 PWEN_CHG3 2 R CoR Power enable change event for port 3 PWEN_CHG2 1 R CoR Power enable change event for port 2 PWEN_CHG1 0 R CoR Power enable change event for port 1 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION DET_END_/CL_END_ is set high whenever detection/ classification is completed on the corresponding port. A 1 in any of the CL_END_ bits forces R00h[4] to 1. A 1 in any of the DET_END_ bits forces R00h[3] to 1. As with any of the other events register, the detect event regis- ter has two addresses. When read through the R04h address, the content of the register is left unchanged. When read through the CoR R05h address, the register content is cleared. A reset sets R04h/R05h = 00h. Table 9. Detect Event Register ADDRESS = 04h 05h BIT R/W R/W CL_END4 7 R CoR Classification completed on port 4 CL_END3 6 R CoR Classification completed on port 3 CL_END2 5 R CoR Classification completed on port 2 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION CL_END1 4 R CoR Classification completed on port 1 DET_END4 3 R CoR Detection completed on port 4 DET_END3 2 R CoR Detection completed on port 3 DET_END2 1 R CoR Detection completed on port 2 DET_END1 0 R CoR Detection completed on port 1 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 27 MAX5952 The power event register (Table 8) records changes in the power status of the four ports. Any change in PGOOD_ (R10h[7:4]) sets PG_CHG_ to 1. Any change in the PWR_EN_ (R10h[3:0]) sets PWEN_CHG_ to 1. PG_CHG_ and PWEN_CHG_ trigger on the edges of PGOOD_ and PWR_EN_ and do not depend on the MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet LD_DISC_ is set high whenever the corresponding port shuts down due to detection of load removal. IMAX_FLT_ is set high when the port shuts down due to an extended overcurrent event after a successful startup. A 1 in any of the LD_DISC_ bits forces R00h[2] to 1. A 1 in any of the IMAX_FLT_ bits forces R00h[5] to 1. As with any of the other events register, the fault event register has two addresses. When read through the R06h address, the content of the register is left unchanged. When read through the CoR R07h address, the register content is cleared. A reset sets R06h/R07h = 00h. Table 10. Fault Event Register ADDRESS = 06h 07h BIT R/W R/W LD_DISC4 7 R CoR Disconnect on port 4 LD_DISC3 6 R CoR Disconnect on port 3 LD_DISC2 5 R CoR Disconnect on port 2 SYMBOL DESCRIPTION LD_DISC1 4 R CoR Disconnect on port 1 IMAX_FLT4 3 R CoR Overcurrent on port 4 IMAX_FLT3 2 R CoR Overcurrent on port 3 IMAX_FLT2 1 R CoR Overcurrent on port 2 IMAX_FLT1 0 R CoR Overcurrent on port 1 If the port remains in current limit or the PGOOD condition is not met at the end of the startup period, the port shuts down and the corresponding STRT_FLT_ is set to 1. A 1 in any of the STRT_FLT_ bits forces R00h[6] to 1. IVC_ is set to 1 whenever the port current exceeds the maximum allowed limit for the class (determined during the classification process). A 1 in any of IVC_ forces R00h[6] to 1. When the CL_DISC (R17h[2]) is set to 1, the port also limits the load current according to its class as specified in the Electrical Characteristics table. As with any of the other events register, the startup event register has two addresses. When read through the R08h address, the content of the register is left unchanged. When read through the CoR R09h address, the register content is cleared. A reset sets R08h/R09h = 00h. Table 11. Startup Event Register ADDRESS = 08h 09h BIT R/W R/W IVC4 7 R CoR Class overcurrent flag for port 4 IVC3 6 R CoR Class overcurrent flag for port 3 IVC2 5 R CoR Class overcurrent flag for port 2 IVC1 4 R CoR Class overcurrent flag for port 1 STRT_FLT4 3 R CoR Startup failed on port 4 STRT_FLT3 2 R CoR Startup failed on port 3 STRT_FLT2 1 R CoR Startup failed on port 2 STRT_FLT1 0 R CoR Startup failed on port 1 SYMBOL 28 DESCRIPTION ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet OSC_FAIL is set to 1 whenever the amplitude of the oscillator signal at the OSC_ input falls below a level that might compromise the AC disconnect detection function. OSC_FAIL generates an interrupt only if at least one of the ACD_EN (R13h[7:4]) bits is set high. A thermal shutdown circuit monitors the temperature of the die and resets the MAX5952 if the temperature exceeds +150°C. TSD is set to 1 after the MAX5952 returns to normal operation. TSD is also set to 1 after every UVLO reset. When VDD and/or |VEE| is below its UVLO threshold, the MAX5952 is in reset mode and securely holds all ports off. When VDD and |VEE| rise to above their respective UVLO thresholds, the device comes out of reset as soon as the last supply crosses the UVLO threshold. The last supply corresponding UV and UVLO bits in the supply event register is set to 1. A 1 in any supply event register’s bits forces R00h[7] to 1. As with any of the other events register, the supply event register has two addresses. When read through the R0Ah address, the content of the register is left unchanged. When read through the CoR R0Bh address, the register content is cleared. A reset sets R0Ah/R0Bh to 10100001b if VDD comes up after VEE or to 10010100b if VEE comes up after VDD. Table 12. Supply Event Register ADDRESS = 0Ah 0Bh BIT R/W R/W TSD 7 R CoR Overtemperature shutdown VDD_OV 6 R CoR VDD overvoltage condition VDD_UV 5 R CoR VDD undervoltage condition VEE_UVLO 4 R CoR VEE undervoltage lockout condition VEE_OV 3 R CoR VEE overvoltage condition SYMBOL DESCRIPTION VEE_UV 2 R CoR VEE undervoltage condition OSC_FAIL 1 R CoR Oscillator amplitude is below limit VDD_UVLO 0 R CoR VDD undervoltage lockout condition ______________________________________________________________________________________ 29 MAX5952 The MAX5952 continuously monitors the power supplies and sets the appropriate bits in the supply event register (Table 12). VDD_OV/VEE_OV is set to 1 whenever V DD /V EE exceeds its overvoltage threshold. V DD_UV /V EE_UV is set to 1 whenever V DD /V EE falls below its undervoltage threshold. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet The port status register (Table 13a) records the results of the detection and classification at the end of each phase in three encoding bits each. R0Ch contains the detection and classification status of port 1. R0Dh corresponds to port 2, R0Eh corresponds to port 3, and R0Fh corresponds to port 4. Tables 13b and 13c show the detection/classification result decoding charts, respectively. For CLC_EN = 0, the detection result is shown in Table 13b. When CLC_EN is set high, the MAX5952 allows valid detection of high capacitive load of up to 100µF. When ping-pong classification is not enabled (ENx_CL6 = 0), the classification status is reported in Table 13c. When ping-pong classification is enabled (ENx_CL6 = 1), the CLASS_[2:0] bits are set to 000 and the classification result is reported in locations R2Ch–R2Fh. As a protection, when POFF_CL (R17h[3], Table 18) is set to 1, the MAX5952 prohibits turning on power to the port that returns a status 111 after classification. A reset sets 0Ch, 0Dh, 0Eh, and 0Fh = 00h. Table 13a. Port Status Registers ADDRESS = 0Ch, 0Dh, 0Eh, 0Fh SYMBOL Reserved CLASS_ Reserved DET_ST_ DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 R Reserved 6 R CLASS_[2] 5 R CLASS_[1] 4 R CLASS_[0] 3 R Reserved 2 R DET_[2] 1 R DET_[1] 0 R DET_[0] Table 13b. Detection Result Decoding Chart DET_ST_[2:0] (ADDRESS = 0Ch, 0Dh, 0Eh, 0Fh) DETECTED DESCRIPTION 000 None Detection status unknown 001 DCP Positive DC supply connected at the port (AGND - VOUT_ < 1V) 010 HIGH CAP High capacitance at the port (> 8.5µF) 011 RLOW Low resistance at the port, RPD < 15kΩ 100 DET_OK Detection pass, 15kΩ > RPD > 33kΩ 101 RHIGH High resistance at the port, RPD > 33kΩ 110 OPEN0 Open port (I < 10µA) 111 DCN Negative DC supply connected to the port (VOUT - VEE < 2V) Table 13c. Classification Result Decoding Chart CLASS_[2:0] (ADDRESS = 0Ch, 0Dh, 0Eh, 0Fh) CLASS RESULT 000 Unknown 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 0 111 Current limit (> ICILIM) 30 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet PWR_EN_ is set to 1 when the port power is turned on. PWR_EN resets to 0 as soon as the port turns off. Any transition of PGOOD_ and PWR_EN_ bits set the corresponding bit in the power event registers R02h/R03h (Table 8). A reset sets R10h = 00h. Table 14. Power Status Register ADDRESS = 10h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W PGOOD4 7 R Power-good condition on port 4 PGOOD3 6 R Power-good condition on port 3 PGOOD2 5 R Power-good condition on port 2 PGOOD1 4 R Power-good condition on port 1 PWR_EN4 3 R Power is enabled on port 4 PWR_EN3 2 R Power is enabled on port 3 PWR_EN2 1 R Power is enabled on port 2 PWR_EN1 0 R Power is enabled on port 1 A3, A2, A1, A0 (Table 15) represent the four LSBs of the MAX5952 address (Table 4). During a reset, the device latches into R11h. These four bits address from the corresponding inputs as well as the state of the MIDSPAN and AUTO inputs. Changes to those inputs during normal operation are ignored. Table 15. Address Input Status Register ADDRESS = 11h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W Reserved 7 R Reserved 6 R Reserved A3 5 R Device address, A3 pin latched-in status A2 4 R Device address, A2 pin latched-in status A1 3 R Device address, A1 pin latched-in status A0 2 R Device address, A0 pin latched-in status MIDSPAN 1 R MIDSPAN input’s latched-in status AUTO 0 R AUTO input’s latched-in status Reserved ______________________________________________________________________________________ 31 MAX5952 PGOOD_ is set to 1 (Table 14) at the end of the powerup startup period if the power-good condition is met (0 < (VOUT - VEE) < PGTH). The power-good condition must remain valid for more than t PGOOD to assert PGOOD_. PGOOD_ is reset to 0 whenever the output falls out of the power-good condition. A fault condition immediately forces PGOOD_ low. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet The MAX5952 uses two bits for each port to set the mode of operation. Set the modes according to Table 16. A reset sets R12h = AAAAAAAA where A represents the latched-in state of the AUTO input prior to the reset. Use software to change the mode of operation. Software resets of ports (RESET_P_ bit, Table 23) do not affect the mode register. Table 16. Mode Register ADDRESS = 12h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W P4_M1 7 R/W MODE[1] for port 4 P4_M0 6 R/W MODE[0] for port 4 P3_M1 5 R/W MODE[1] for port 3 P3_M0 4 R/W MODE[0] for port 3 P2_M1 3 R/W MODE[1] for port 2 P2_M0 2 R/W MODE[0] for port 2 P1_M1 1 R/W MODE[1] for port 1 P1_M0 0 R/W MODE[0] for port 1 Table 16a. Mode Status MODE DESCRIPTION 00 Shutdown 01 Manual 10 Semi-auto 11 Auto Setting DCD_EN_ to 1 enables the DC load disconnect detection feature (Table 17). Setting ACD_EN_ to 1 enables the AC load disconnect feature. If enabled, the load disconnect detection starts during power mode and after startup when the corresponding PGOOD_ bit in register R10h (Table 14) goes high. A reset sets R13h = 0000AAAA where A represents the latched-in state of the AUTO input prior to the reset. Table 17. Load Disconnect Detection Enable Register ADDRESS = 13h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W ACD_EN4 7 R/W Enable AC disconnect detection on port 4 ACD_EN3 6 R/W Enable AC disconnect detection on port 3 ACD_EN2 5 R/W Enable AC disconnect detection on port 2 ACD_EN1 4 R/W Enable AC disconnect detection on port 1 DCD_EN4 3 R/W Enable DC disconnect detection on port 4 DCD_EN3 2 R/W Enable DC disconnect detection on port 3 DCD_EN2 1 R/W Enable DC disconnect detection on port 2 DCD_EN1 0 R/W Enable DC disconnect detection on port 1 32 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet When entering auto mode, R14h defaults to FFh. When entering semi or manual modes, R14h defaults to 00h. A reset or power-up sets R14h = AAAAAAAAb where A represents the latched-in state of the AUTO input prior to the reset. Table 18. Detection and Classification Enable Register ADDRESS = 14h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W CLASS_EN4 7 R/W Enable classification on port 4 CLASS_EN3 6 R/W Enable classification on port 3 CLASS_EN4 5 R/W Enable classification on port 2 CLASS_EN3 4 R/W Enable classification on port 1 DET_EN4 3 R/W Enable detection on port 4 DET_EN3 2 R/W Enable detection on port 3 DET_EN2 1 R/W Enable detection on port 2 DET_EN1 0 R/W Enable detection on port 1 EN_HP_CL_, EN_HP_ALL together with CL_DISC (R17h[2]) and ENx_CL6 (R1Ch[7:4]) are used to program the high-power mode. See Table 3 for details. Setting BCKOFF_ to 1 (Table 19) enables cadence timing on each port where the port backs off and waits 2.2s after each failed load discovery detection. The IEEE 802.3af standard requires a PSE that delivers power through the spare pairs (midspan PSE) to have cadence timing. A reset or power-up sets R15h = 0000XXXXb where ‘X’ is the logic AND of the MIDSPAN and AUTO inputs. Table 19. Backoff and High-Power Enable Register ADDRESS = 15h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W BCKOFF4 3 R/W Enable cadence timing on port 4 BCKOFF3 2 R/W Enable cadence timing on port 3 BCKOFF2 1 R/W Enable cadence timing on port 2 BCKOFF1 0 R/W Enable cadence timing on port 1 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 33 MAX5952 Setting DET_EN_/CLASS_EN_ to 1 (Table 18) enables load detection/classification, respectively. Detection always has priority over classification. To perform classification without detection, set the DET_EN_ bit low and CLASS_EN_ bit high. In manual mode, R14h works like a pushbutton. Set the bits high to begin the corresponding routine. The bit clears after the routine finishes. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet TSTART[1,0] (Table 20a) programs the startup timers. Startup time is the time the port is allowed to be in current limit during startup. TFAULT_[1,0] programs the fault time. Fault time is the time allowed for the port to be in current limit during normal operation. RSTR[1,0] programs the discharge rate of the TFAULT_ counter and effectively sets the time the port remains off after an overcurrent fault. TDISC[1,0] programs the load disconnect detection time. The device turns off power to the port if it fails to provide a minimum power maintenance signal for longer than the load disconnect detection time (TDISC). Set the bits in R16h to scale the TSTART, TFAULT, and TDISC to a multiple of their nominal value specified in the Electrical Characteristics table. When the MAX5952 shuts down a port due to an extended overcurrent condition (either during startup or normal operation), if RSRT_EN is set high, the part does not allow the port to power back on before the restart timer (Table 20b) returns to zero. This effectively sets a minimum duty cycle that protects the external MOSFET from overheating during a prolonged output overcurrent conditions. A reset sets R16h = 00h. Table 20a. Timing Register ADDRESS = 16h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W RSTR[1] 7 R/W Restart timer programming bit 1 RSTR[0] 6 R/W Restart timer programming bit 0 TSTART[1] 5 R/W Startup timer programming bit 1 TSTART[0] 4 R/W Startup timer programming bit 0 TFAULT[1] 3 R/W Overcurrent timer programming bit 1 TFAULT[0] 2 R/W Overcurrent timer programming bit 0 TDISC[1] 1 R/W Load disconnect timer programming bit 1 TDISC[0] 0 R/W Load disconnect timer programming bit 0 Table 20b. Startup, Fault, and Load Disconnect Timer Values for Timing Register 34 BIT [1:0] (ADDRESS = 16h) RSTR tDISC tSTART tFAULT 00 16 x tFAULT 01 32 x tFAULT tDISC nominal (350ms, typ) 1/4 x tDISC nominal tSTART nominal (60ms, typ) 1/2 x tSTART nominal tFault nominal (60ms, typ) 1/2 x tFAULT nominal 10 64 x tFAULT 2 x tSTART nominal 2 x tFAULT nominal 11 0 x tFAULT 1/2 x tDISC nominal 2 x tDISC nominal 4 x tSTART nominal 4 x tFAULT nominal ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet CL_DISC, together with EN_HP_CL_ (R15h [6:4]), EN_HP_ALL (R15h [7]), and ENx_CL6 (R1Ch [7:4]) are used to program the high-power mode. See Table 3 for details. Setting OUT_ISO high (Table 21), forces DET_ to a high-impedance state. A reset sets R17h = 0xC0. Table 21. Miscellaneous Configurations 1 ADDRESS = 17h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W INT_EN 7 R/W RSTR_EN 6 R A logic-high enables the autorestart protection time off (as set by the RSRT[1:0] bits) Reserved 5 R Reserved Reserved 4 R Reserved POFF_CL 3 R A logic-high prevents power-up after a classification failure (I > 50mA, valid only in AUTO mode) CL_DISC 2 R/W A logic-high enables reduced current-limit voltage threshold (VFLT_LIM) according to port OUT_ISO 1 R/W Forces DET_ to high impedance. Does not interfere with other circuit operation. A logic-high enables INT functionality Power-enable pushbutton for semi and manual modes is found in Table 22. Setting PWR_ON_ to 1 turns on power to the corresponding port. Setting PWR_OFF_ to 1 turns off power to the port. PWR_ON is ignored when the port is already powered and during shutdown. PWR_OFF is ignored when the port is already off and during shutdown. After execution, the bits reset to 0. During detection or classification, if PWR_ON_ goes high, the MAX5952 gracefully terminates the current operation and turns on power to the port. The MAX5952 ignores the PWR_ON_ in auto mode. A reset sets R19h = 00h. Table 22. Power-Enable Pushbuttons ADDRESS = 19h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W PWR_OFF4 7 W A logic-high powers off port 4 PWR_OFF3 6 W A logic-high powers off port 3 PWR_OFF2 5 W A logic-high powers off port 2 PWR_OFF1 4 W A logic-high powers off port 1 PWR_ON4 3 W A logic-high powers on port 4 PWR_ON3 2 W A logic-high powers on port 3 PWR_ON2 1 W A logic-high powers on port 2 PWR_ON1 0 W A logic-high powers on port 1 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 35 MAX5952 Setting CL_DISC to 1 (Table 21) enables port over class current protection, where MAX5952 scales down the overcurrent limit (VFLT_LIM) according to the port classification status. This feature provides protection to the system against PDs that violate their maximum class current allowance. The higher current setting is enabled only after a successful startup so that the PD powers up as a normal 15W device. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Writing a 1 to CLR_INT (Table 23) clears all the event registers and the corresponding interrupt bits in register R00h. Writing a 1 to RESET_P_ turns off power to the corresponding port and resets only the status and event registers of that port. After execution, the bits reset to 0. Writing a 1 to RESET_IC causes a global software reset, after which the register map is set back to its reset state. A reset sets R1Ah = 00h. Table 23. Global Pushbuttons ADDRESS = 1Ah SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W CLR_INT 7 W Reserved 6 Reserved 5 RESET_IC 4 W A logic-high resets the MAX5952 RESET_P4 3 W A logic-high softly resets port 4 RESET_P3 2 W A logic-high softly resets port 3 RESET_P2 1 W A logic-high softly resets port 2 RESET_P1 0 W A logic-high softly resets port 1 A logic-high clears all interrupts Reserved Reserved The ID register (Table 24) keeps track of the device ID number and revision. The MAX5952’s ID_CODE[4:0] = 11000b. Contact the factory for REV[2:0] value. Table 24. ID Register ADDRESS = 1Bh SYMBOL ID_CODE REV 36 DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 R ID_CODE[4] 6 R ID_CODE[3] 5 R ID_CODE[2] 4 R ID_CODE[1] 3 R ID_CODE[0] 2 R REV [2] 1 R REV [1] 0 R REV [0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet SMODE_ also goes high each and every time the software tries to power on a port, but is denied since the port is in hardware mode. A reset sets R1Ch = 00h. Table 25. SMODE Enable Register ADDRESS = 1Ch SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT CoR SMODE4 3 CoR Port 4 hardware control flag SMODE3 2 CoR Port 3 hardware control flag SMODE2 1 CoR Port 2 hardware control flag SMODE1 0 CoR Port 1 hardware control flag Set EN_WHDOG (R1Fh[7]) to 1 to enable the watchdog function. When activated, the watchdog timer counter, WDTIME[7:0], continuously decrements toward zero once every 164ms. Once the counter reaches zero (also called watchdog expiry), the MAX5952 enters hardware-controlled mode and each port shifts to a mode set by the HWMODE_ bit in register R1Fh (Table 27). Use software to set WDTIME (Table 26) and continuously set this register to some nonzero value before the register reaches zero to prevent a watchdog expiry. In this way, the software gracefully manages the power to ports upon a system crash or switchover. While in hardware-controlled mode, the MAX5952 ignores all requests to turn the power on and the flag SMODE_ indicates that the hardware has taken control of the MAX5952 operation. In addition, the software is not allowed to change the mode of operation in hardware-controlled mode. A reset sets R1Eh = 00h. Table 26. Watchdog Register ADDRESS = 1Eh SYMBOL WDTIME DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 R/W WDTIME[7] 6 R/W WDTIME[6] 5 R/W WDTIME[5] 4 R/W WDTIME[4] 3 R/W WDTIME[3] 2 R/W WDTIME[2] 1 R/W WDTIME[1] 0 R/W WDTIME[0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ 37 MAX5952 Enable the SMODE function (Table 25) by setting EN_WHDOG (R1Fh[7]) to 1. SMODE_ bit goes high when the watchdog counter reaches zero and the port(s) switch over to hardware-controlled mode. MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Setting EN_WHDOG (Table 27) high activates the watchdog counter. When the counter reaches zero, the port switches to the hardware-controlled mode determined by the corresponding HWMODE_ bit. A low in HWMODE_ switches the port into shutdown by setting the bits in register R12h to 00. A high in HWMODE_ switches the port into auto mode by setting the bits in register R12h to 11. If WD_INT_EN is set, an interrupt is sent if any of the SMODE bits are set. A reset sets R1Fh = 00h. Table 27. Switch Mode Register ADDRESS = 1Fh SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 R/W WD_INT_EN 6 R/W Reserved 5 — Reserved Reserved 4 R/W Reserved HWMODE4 3 R/W Port 4 switches to AUTO if logic-high and to SHUTDOWN if logic-low when watchdog timer expires HWMODE3 2 R/W Port 3 switches to AUTO if logic-high and to SHUTDOWN if logic-low when watchdog timer expires HWMODE2 1 R/W Port 2 switches to AUTO if logic-high and to SHUTDOWN if logic-low when watchdog timer expires HWMODE1 0 R/W Port 1 switches to AUTO if logic-high and to SHUTDOWN if logic-low when watchdog timer expires EN_WHDOG A logic-high enables the watchdog function Enables interrupt on SMODE_ bits The CLC_EN enables the large capacitor detection feature. When CLC_EN is set the device can recognize a capacitor load up to 100µF. If the CLC_EN is reset, the MAX5952 performs normal detection. AC_TH allows programming of the threshold of the AC disconnect comparator. The threshold is defined as a current since the comparators verify that the peak of the current pulses sensed at the DET_ input exceed a preset threshold. The current threshold is defined as follows: IAC_TH = 226.68µA + 28.33 x NAC_TH where NAC_TH is the decimal value of AC_TH. When set low, DET_BY inhibits port power-on if the discovery detection was bypassed in auto mode. When set high, DET_BY allows the device to turn on power to a non-IEEE 802.3af load without doing detection. If OSCF_RS is set high, the OSC_FAIL bit is ignored. A reset or power-up sets R23h = 04h. Default IAC_TH is 340µA. Table 28. Program Register ADDRESS = 23h SYMBOL DESCRIPTION BIT R/W Reserved 7 — Reserved Reserved 6 — Reserved CLC_EN 5 R/W Large capacitor detection enable DET_BY 4 R/W Enables skipping detection in AUTO mode OSCF_RS 3 R/W OSC_FAIL reset bit 2 R/W AC_TH[2] 1 R/W AC_TH[1] 0 R/W AC_TH[0] AC_TH 38 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 Table 29. High-Power Mode Register ADDRESS = 24h SYMBOL Reserved DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 — Reserved 3 — Reserved 2 — Reserved 1 — Reserved 0 — Reserved Table 30. Reserved ADDRESS = 25h SYMBOL Reserved DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 — Reserved 6 — Reserved 5 — Reserved 4 — Reserved 3 — Reserved 2 — Reserved 1 — Reserved 0 — Reserved Table 31. Reserved ADDRESS = 26h SYMBOL Reserved DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 — Reserved 6 — Reserved 5 — Reserved 4 — Reserved 3 — Reserved 2 — Reserved 1 — Reserved 0 — Reserved ______________________________________________________________________________________ 39 MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet The IVEE bits enable the current-limit scaling (Table 32). This feature is used to reduce the current limit for systems running at higher voltage to maintain the desired output power. Table 33 sets the current-limit scaling register. A reset or power-up sets R29h = 00h. Table 32. Miscellaneous Configurations 2 Table 33. Current-Limit Scaling Register ADDRESS = 29h SYMBOL Reserved IVEE IVEE[1:0] (ADDRESS = 29h) CURRENT LIMIT (%) Reserved 00 Default — Reserved 01 -5 — Reserved 10 -10 4 — Reserved 11 -15 3 — Reserved 2 — Reserved 1 R/W IVEE[1] 0 R/W IVEE[0] BIT R/W 7 — 6 5 DESCRIPTION The three ICUT_ bits (Tables 34a and 34b) allow programming of the current-limit and overcurrent thresholds in excess of the IEEE 802.3af standard limit. The MAX5952 can automatically set the ICUT register or can be manually written to by the software (see Table 3). Class 1 and 2 limits can also be programmed by software independently from the classification status. See Table 3. A reset or power-up sets R2Ah = R2Bh = 00h. Table 34a. ICUT Registers 1 and 2 ADDRESS = 2Ah SYMBOL Reserved BIT DESCRIPTION R/W 7 — Reserved 6 R/W ICUT2[2] ICUT2 5 R/W ICUT2[1] 4 R/W ICUT2[0] Reserved 3 — Reserved 2 R/W ICUT1[2] 1 R/W ICUT1[1] 0 R/W ICUT1[0] ICUT1 Table 34b. ICUT Registers 3 and 4 ADDRESS = 2Bh SYMBOL Reserved ICUT4 Reserved ICUT3 40 BIT DESCRIPTION R/W 7 — Reserved 6 R/W ICUT4[2] 5 R/W ICUT4[1] 4 R/W ICUT4[0] 3 — Reserved 2 R/W ICUT3[2] 1 R/W ICUT3[1] 0 R/W ICUT3[0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 Table 34c. ICUT Register Bit Values for Current-Limit Threshold ICUT_[2:0] (ADDRESS = 2Ah, 2Bh) SCALE FACTOR TYPICAL CURRENT-LIMIT THRESHOLD (mA) 000 1x 375 001 1.5x 563 010 1.75x 656 011 2x 750 100 2.25x 844 101 2.5x 938 110 0.3x Class 1 111 0.53x Class 2 Table 35. Classification Status Registers ADDRESS = 2Ch, 2Dh, 2Eh, 2Fh SYMBOL Reserved DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 — Reserved 6 — Reserved The MAX5952 provides current readout for each port during classification and normal power mode. The current per port information is separated into 9 bits. They are organized into 2 consecutive registers for each one of the ports. The information can be quickly retrieved using the auto-increment option of the address pointer. To avoid the LSB register changing while reading the MSB, the information is frozen once the addressing byte points to any of the current readout registers. During power mode, the current value can be calculated as IPORT = NIPD_ x 1.953125mA During classification, the current is ICLASS = NIPD_ x 0.0975mA where NIPD is the decimal value of the 9-bit word. The ADC saturates both at full scale and at zero. A reset sets R30h–R37h = 00h. Table 36. Current Registers ADDRESS = 30h, 31h, 32h, 33h, 34h, 35h, 36h, 37h SYMBOL IPD_ DESCRIPTION BIT R/W 7 W IPD_[8] 6 W IPD_[7] 5 W IPD_[6] 4 W IPD_[5] 3 W IPD_[4] 2 W IPD_[3] 1 W IPD_[2] 0 W IPD_[1]/IPD_[0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ 41 MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet Table 37. Register Summary ADDR REGISTER NAME R/W PORT BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 RESET STATE INTERRUPTS 00h Interrupt RO G SUP_FLT TSTR_FLT IMAX_FLT CL_END DET_END LD_DISC PG_INT PE_INT 0000,0000 01h Int Mask R/W G MASK7 MASK6 MASK5 MASK4 MASK3 MASK2 MASK1 MASK0 AAA0,0A00 4321 PG_CHG4 PG_CHG3 PG_CHG2 PG_CHG1 PWEN_ CHG4 PWEN_ CHG3 PWEN_ CHG2 PWEN_ CHG1 0000,0000 CL_END4 CL_END3 CL_END2 CL_END1 DET_END4 DET_END3 DET_END2 DET_END1 LD_DISC4 LD_DISC3 LD_DISC2 LD_DISC1 IMAX_FLT4 IMAX_FLT3 IMAX_FLT2 IMAX_FLT1 IVC4 IVC3 IVC2 IVC1 STRT_FLT4 STRT_FLT3 STRT_FLT2 STRT_FLT1 TSD VDD_OV VDD_UV VEE_UVLO VEE_OV VEE_UV OSC_FAIL VDD_UVLO EVENTS 02h Power Event RO 03h Power Event CoR CoR 04h Detect Event RO 05h Detect Event CoR CoR 06h Fault Event RO 07h Fault Event CoR CoR 08h Tstart Event RO 09h Tstart Event CoR CoR 0Ah Supply Event RO 0Bh Supply Event CoR CoR 0Ch Port 1 Status RO 1 Reserved CLASS1[2] CLASS1[1 CLASS1[0] Reserved DET_ST1[2] DET_ST1[1] DET_ST1[0] 0000,0000 0Dh Port 2 Status RO 2 Reserved CLASS2[2] CLASS2[1 CLASS2[0] Reserved DET_ST2[2] DET_ST2[1] DET_ST2[0] 0000,0000 0Eh Port 3 Status RO 3 Reserved CLASS3[2] CLASS3[1 CLASS3[0] Reserved DET_ST3[2] DET_ST3[1] DET_ST3[0] 0000,0000 0Fh Port 4 Status RO 4 Reserved CLASS4[2] CLASS4[1 CLASS4[0] Reserved DET_ST4[2] DET_ST4[1] DET_ST4[0] 0000,0000 10h Power Status RO 4321 PGOOD4 PGOOD3 PGOOD2 PGOOD1 PWR_EN4 PWR_EN3 PWR_EN2 PWR_EN1 0000,0000 11h Pin Status RO G Reserved Reserved A3 A2 A1 A0 MIDSPAN AUTO 00A3A2, A1A0MA AAAA,AAAA 4321 4321 4321 4321 0000,0000 0000,0000 0000,0000 0001,0000* STATUS CONFIGURATION 12h Operating Mode R/W 4321 P4_M1 P4_M0 P3_M1 P3_M0 P2_M1 P2_M0 P1_M1 P1_M0 13h Disconnect Enable R/W 4321 ACD_EN4 ACD_EN3 ACD_EN2 ACD_EN1 DCD_EN4 DCD_EN3 DCD_EN2 DCD_EN1 0000,AAAA 14h Det/Class Enable R/W 4321 CLASS_EN4 CLASS_EN3 CLASS_E CLASS_EN DET_EN4 DET_EN3 DET_EN2 DET_EN1 AAAA,AAAA 15h Backoff Enable R/W 4321 — — — — BCKOFF4 BCKOFF3 BCKOFF2 BCKOFF1 0000,XXXX 16h Timing Config R/W G RSRT[1] RSRT[0] TSTART[1] TSTART[0] TFAULT[1] TFAULT[0] TDISC[1] TDISC[0] 0000,0000 17h Misc Config 1 R/W G INT_EN RSRT_EN Reserved Reserved POFF_CL CL_DISC OUT_ISO HP_TIME 1100,0000 PUSHBUTTONS 18h Reserved R/W G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 19h Power Enable WO 4321 PWR_OFF4 PWR_OFF3 PWR_OFF PWR_OFF PWR_ON4 PWR_ON3 PWR_ON2 PWR_ON1 0000,0000 1Ah Global WO G CLR_INT Reserved Reserved RESET_IC RESET_P4 RESET_P3 RESET_P2 RESET_P1 0000,0000 GENERAL 1Bh ID RO G ID_CODE[4] ID_CODE[3] ID_CODE[ ID_CODE[ ID_CODE[0 REV [2] REV [1] REV [0] 1100,0000 1Ch SMODE Register CoR 4321 — — — — SMODE4 SMODE3 SMODE2 SMODE1 0000,0000 1Dh Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 1EH Watchdog Register R/W G WDTIME[7] WDTIME[6] WDTIME[3] WDTIME[2] WDTIME[1] WDTIME[0] 0000,0000 1FH Switch Mode Register R/W 4321 EN_WHDOG WD_INT_EN HWMODE4 HWMODE3 HWMODE2 HWMODE1 0000,0000 42 WDTIME[5 WDTIME[4 reserved CSCM ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet ADDR REGISTER NAME R/W PORT BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 RESET STATE MAXIM RESERVED 20H Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 21H Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 22H Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 23H Program 1 R/W 4321 Reserved Reserved CLC_EN DET_BY OSCF_RS AC_TH[2] AC_TH[1] AC_TH[0] 0000,0000 24h High Power Mode R/W G Reserved — — — Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 0000,0000 25h Reserved — G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 0000,0000 26h Reserved — G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 0000,0000 27H Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 28H Reserved G Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 29H Misc Config 2 R/W 1234 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved IVEE[1] IVEE[0] 0000,0000 2AH ICUT Register 1 R/W 21 Reserved ICUT2[2] ICUT2[1] ICUT2[0] Reserved ICUT1[2] ICUT1[1] ICUT1[0] 0000,0000 2BH ICUT Register 2 R/W 43 Reserved ICUT4[2] ICUT4[1] ICUT4[0] Reserved ICUT3[2] ICUT3[1] ICUT[30] 0000,0000 CLASSIFICATION REGISTERS 2CH Port 1 Class RO 1 Reserved Reserved — — — — — — 0000,0000 2DH Port 2 Class RO 2 Reserved Reserved — — — — — — 0000,0000 2EH Port 3 Class RO 3 Reserved Reserved — — — — — — 0000,0000 2FH Port 4 Class RO 4 Reserved Reserved — — — — — — 0000,0000 CURRENT REGISTER 30H Current Port 1 (MSB) RO 1 IPD1[8] IPD1[7] IPD1[6] IPD1[5] IPD1[4] IPD1[3] IPD1[2] IPD1[1] 0000,0000 31H Current Port 1 (LSB) RO 1 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved IPD1[0] 0000,0000 32H Current Port 2 (MSB) RO 2 IPD2[8] IPD2[7] IPD2[6] IPD2[5] IPD2[4] IPD2[3] IPD2[2] IPD2[1] 0000,0000 33H Current Port 2 (LSB) RO 2 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved IPD2[0] 0000,0000 34H Current Port 3 (MSB) RO 3 IPD3[8] IPD3[7] IPD3[6] IPD3[5] IPD3[4] IPD3[3] IPD3[2] IPD3[1] 0000,0000 35H Current Port 3 (LSB) RO 3 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved IPD3[0] 0000,0000 36H Current Port 4 (MSB) RO 4 IPD4[8] IPD4[7] IPD4[6] IPD4[5] IPD4[4] IPD4[3] IPD4[2] IPD4[1] 0000,0000 37H Current Port 4 (LSB) RO 4 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved IPD4[0] 0000,0000 *UV and UVLO bits of VEE and VDD asserted depends on the order VEE and VDD supplies are brought up. A = AUTO pin state before reset. M = MIDSPAN state before reset. A3..0 = ADDRESS input states before reset. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 43 MAX5952 Table 37. Register Summary (continued) High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 Applications Information RJ–45 CONNECTOR 1 3 RX1+ RD1+ RX1- RD1- 24 1 22 2 1/2 OF 21 H2005A TX1+ 4 TD1+* 19 TX1- PHY 5 3 6 TD1- -48VOUT 0.1μF RXT1 23 75Ω 4 0.1μF 5 0.1μF TXCT1 75Ω 20 1000pF 250VAC 75Ω 75Ω 7 0.1μF 8 -48VRTN VCC (3.3V) VDD ISOLATION 1.8V TO 5V, (REF TO DGND) 3kΩ AGND VDD 180Ω A0 A1 A2 A3 1kΩ RESET INTERNAL 50kΩ PULLUP 3kΩ HPCL063L SERIAL INTERFACE VCCRTN 4.7kΩ INT SDAOUT OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω MIDSPAN INTERNAL PULLDOWN (SIGNAL MODE) MAX5952 HPCL063L OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω INTERNAL PULLDOWN (MANUAL MODE) 3kΩ SDAIN SDA AUTO OSC_IN SINE WAVE 100Hz ±10% PEAK AMPLITUDE 2.2V ±0.1V VALLEY AMPLITUDE 0.2V ±0.1V 3kΩ SCL HPCL063L ON SHD_ SCL OFF OPTIONAL BUFFER DGND VEE SENSE_ GATE_ OUT_ 0.5Ω 1% 100Ω DET_ 1N4448 1kΩ 0.47μF 100V SMBJ 58CA -48V 1N4002 FDT3612 100V, 120mΩ SOT-223 *USE HALO TG111-HRPE40NY OR PULSE HX6015NL FOR HIGH POWER 1 OF 4 CHANNELS Figure 13. PoE System Block Diagram 44 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 0.1μF 2.2MΩ -48VOUT High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 RJ–45 CONNECTOR 1 2 DATA 3 6 4 5 7 8 -48VOUT -48VRTN VCC (3.3V) VDD ISOLATION 1.8V TO 5V (REF TO DGND) 3kΩ AGND VDD 180Ω A0 A1 A2 A3 1kΩ RESET INTERNAL 50kΩ PULLUP 3kΩ HPCL063L SERIAL INTERFACE VCCRTN 4.7kΩ INT SDAOUT OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω SDAIN MAX5952 HPCL063L SDA OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω AUTO INTERNAL PULLDOWN (MANUAL MODE) MIDSPAN INTERNAL PULLDOWN (SIGNAL MODE) 3kΩ OSC_IN SINE WAVE 100Hz ±10% PEAK AMPLITUDE 2.2V ±0.1V VALLEY AMPLITUDE 0.2V ±0.1V 3kΩ SCL HPCL063L ON SHD_ SCL OFF OPTIONAL BUFFER DGND VEE SENSE_ GATE_ OUT_ 0.5Ω 1% 100Ω DET_ 1kΩ 1N4448 0.47μF 100V SMBJ 58CA 0.1μF 2.2MΩ -48VOUT -48V 1N4002 FDT3612 100V, 120mΩ SOT-223 1 OF 4 CHANNELS Figure 14. PoE System Block Diagram ______________________________________________________________________________________ 45 MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet R10 2Ω L1 68μH, DO3308P-683 R6 1Ω D1 DIODES INC.: B1100 C3 15nF C4 220μF Sanyo 6SVPA220MAA R5 1kΩ R1 2.61kΩ +3.3V 300mA C5 4.7μF Q2 MMBTA56 Q4 MMBTA56 GND +3.3V GND GND DRAIN 1 2 3 C6 0.47μF 100V 4 V+ MAX5020 VCC VDD NDRV FB GND CS SS_SHDN 8 R8 30Ω 7 6 Q3 MMBTA56 Q1 Si2328 DS C9 4.7nF SOURCE 5 C7 0.22μF C1 0.1μF C2 0.022μF GATE C8 2.2μF R4 1Ω R9 1Ω -48V R2 6.81kΩ R7 1.02kΩ R3 2.61kΩ -48V Figure 15. -48V to +3.3V (300mA) Boost Converter Solution for VDIG Figure 16. Layout Example for Boost Converter Solution for VDIG 46 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 965 (mils) 1700 (mils) 965 (mils) 1700 (mils) 965 (mils) 1700 (mils) High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION C1 0.1µF, 25V ceramic capacitor C2 0.022µF, 25V ceramic capacitor C3 15nF, 25V ceramic capacitor C4 220µF capacitor Sanyo 6SVPA220MAA C5 4.7µF, 16V ceramic capacitor C6 0.47µF, 100V ceramic capacitor R4, R6, R9 C7 0.22µF, 16V ceramic capacitor R5 1kΩ ±1% resistor C8 2.2µF, 16V ceramic capacitor R7 1.02kΩ ±1% resistor C9 4.7nF, 16V ceramic capacitor R8 30Ω ±1% resistor D1 B1100 100V Schottky diode R10 2Ω ±1% resistor U1 High-voltage PWM IC MAX5020ESA (8-pin SO) 68µH inductor Coilcraft DO3308P-683 or equivalent L1 Q1 Q2, Q3, Q4 Si2328DS Vishay n-channel MOSFET, SOT23 MMBTA56 small-signal PNP R1, R3 2.61kΩ ±1% resistors R2 6.81kΩ ±1% resistor 1Ω ±1% resistors Pin Configuration Selector Guide PART TOP VIEW RESET 1 + 36 OSC 2 35 AUTO INT 3 34 OUT1 MIDSPAN SENSE RESISTOR (Ω) VDD (V) MAX5952A_ 0.5 3.3 MAX5952C_ 0.5 5 33 GATE1 SCL 4 SDAOUT 5 SDAIN 6 A3 7 A2 8 29 SENSE2 A1 9 28 VEE 32 SENSE1 MAX5952 31 OUT2 30 GATE2 A0 10 27 OUT3 DET1 11 26 GATE3 DET2 12 25 SENSE3 DET3 13 24 OUT4 DET4 14 23 GATE4 DGND 15 22 SENSE4 VDD 16 21 AGND SHD1 17 20 SHD4 SHD2 18 19 SHD3 SSOP ______________________________________________________________________________________ 47 MAX5952 Component List for VDIG Supply High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet MAX5952 Typical Operating Circuits -48V RTN OUTPUT TO PORT -48VRTN VCC (3.3V) ISOLATION VDD 1.8V TO 3.7V, (REF TO DGND) 3kΩ AGND VDD 180Ω A0 A1 A2 A3 1kΩ RESET 3kΩ INTERNAL 50kΩ PULLUP SERIAL INTERFACE VCCRTN HPCL063L 180Ω SDAOUT OPTIONAL BUFFER INT 3kΩ AUTO INTERNAL PULLDOWN (MANUAL MODE) MIDSPAN INTERNAL PULLDOWN (SIGNAL MODE) SDAIN MAX5952 HPCL063L SDA OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω 4.7kΩ OSC_IN 3kΩ N.C. SCL HPCL063L ON SHD_ SCL OFF OPTIONAL BUFFER DGND VEE SENSE_ GATE_ OUT_ 0.5Ω 1% 100Ω DET_ 1N4448 -48V OUTPUT TO PORT -48V FDT3612 100V, 120mΩ SOT-223 NOTE: ALL SIGNAL PINS ARE REFERENCED TO DGND. DGND RANGE IS BETWEEN VEE AND (AGND + 4V). CAN BE UP TO 100kΩ 1 OF 4 CHANNELS Typical Operating Circuit 1 (without AC Load Removal Detection) 48 ______________________________________________________________________________________ High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet -48V RTN OUTPUT TO PORT -48VRTN VCC (3.3V) VDD ISOLATION 1.8V TO 3.7V, (REF TO DGND) 3kΩ AGND VDD 180Ω A0 A1 A2 A3 1kΩ RESET INTERNAL 50kΩ PULLUP 3kΩ HPCL063L SERIAL INTERFACE VCCRTN 4.7kΩ INT SDAOUT OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω SDAIN MAX5952 HPCL063L SDA OPTIONAL BUFFER 180Ω AUTO INTERNAL PULLDOWN (MANUAL MODE) MIDSPAN INTERNAL PULLDOWN (SIGNAL MODE) 3kΩ OSC_IN SINE WAVE 100Hz ±10% PEAK AMPLITUDE 2.2V ±0.1V VALLEY AMPLITUDE 0.2V ±0.1V 3kΩ SCL HPCL063L ON SHD_ SCL OFF OPTIONAL BUFFER DGND VEE SENSE_ GATE_ OUT_ 0.5Ω 1% 100Ω DET_ 1kΩ 1N4448 0.47μF 100V -48V OUTPUT TO PORT -48V NOTE: ALL SIGNAL PINS ARE REFERENCED TO DGND. DGND MUST BE CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO AGND FOR AC DISCONNECT DETECTION CIRCUIT TO OPERATE. 1N4002 FDT3612 100V, 120mΩ SOT-223 CAN BE UP TO 100kΩ 1 OF 4 CHANNELS Typical Operating Circuit 2 (with AC Load Removal Detection) Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 49 MAX5952 Typical Operating Circuits (continued) Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) SSOP.EPS MAX5952 High-Power, Quad, PSE Controller for Power-Over-Ethernet 36 E DIM A A1 B C e E H L D H INCHES MILLIMETERS MAX MIN 0.104 0.096 0.004 0.011 0.017 0.012 0.013 0.009 0.0315 BSC 0.299 0.291 0.398 0.414 0.040 0.020 0.598 0.612 MAX MIN 2.65 2.44 0.29 0.10 0.44 0.30 0.23 0.32 0.80 BSC 7.40 7.60 10.11 10.51 0.51 15.20 1.02 15.55 1 TOP VIEW D A1 e B FRONT VIEW A C 0∞-8∞ L SIDE VIEW PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE, 36L SSOP, 0.80 MM PITCH APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. 21-0040 REV. E 1 1 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 50 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2007 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.