MAXIM MAX9178ETE

19-2856; Rev 0; 4/03
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
The MAX9178 operates from a single +3.3V supply,
and is available in a 16-pin TSSOP and 16-pin thin QFN
package with exposed pad. The MAX9178 is specified
for operation from -40°C to +85°C.
Applications
Digital Copiers
DSLAMs
Laser Printers
Network
Switches/Routers
Cell Phone Base
Stations
Add/Drop Muxes
Backplane
Interconnect
Digital Cross-Connects
Clock Distribution
Features
♦ Flow-Through Pinout
Simplifies PC Board Layout
Reduces Crosstalk
♦ Pin Compatible with DS90LV047A and MAX9123
♦ Guaranteed 400Mbps Data Rate
♦ Single-Ended Inputs Tolerate 1V
Overshoot/Undershoot
♦ 250ps Maximum Pulse Skew
♦ IEC 61000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Tolerance on LVDS
Outputs
♦ Conforms to ANSI TIA/EIA-644 LVDS Standard
♦ Single +3.3V Supply
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX9178EUE
PART
-40°C to +85°C
16 TSSOP
MAX9178ETE
-40°C to +85°C
16 Thin QFN-EP*
*EP = Exposed pad.
Typical Application Circuit
LVDS SIGNALS
Functional Diagram appears at end of data sheet.
Pin Configurations
13 OUT2-
VCC 4
GND 5
MAX9178
12 OUT3-
IN3 6
11 OUT3+
IN4 7
10 OUT4+
EN 8
9 OUT4-
TSSOP
IN2
1
VCC
2
GND
EN
OUT1-
OUT1+
13
TX
107Ω
RX
TX
107Ω
RX
LVTTL/CMOS
DATA INPUT
12 OUT2+
LVTTL/CMOS
DATA OUTPUT
TX
107Ω
RX
TX
107Ω
RX
11 OUT2-
MAX9178
3
10 OUT3-
EXPOSED PAD
IN3
4
9
5
6
7
8
OUT4+
14 OUT2+
14
OUT4-
15 OUT1+
IN2 3
15
EN
16 OUT1-
16
IN4
EN 1
IN1
TOP VIEW
IN1 2
MAX9122
MAX9178
QFN
OUT3+
100Ω SHIELDED TWISTED CABLE OR MICROSTRIP PC BOARD TRACES
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX9178
General Description
The MAX9178 quad low-voltage differential signaling
(LVDS) line driver with high-ESD tolerance is ideal for
applications requiring high data rates and low power
with reduced noise. The MAX9178 is guaranteed to
transmit data at speeds up to 400Mbps (200MHz) over
controlled impedance of media of approximately 100Ω.
The transmission media can be printed circuit (PC)
board traces, backplanes, or cables.
The MAX9178 accepts four LVTTL/LVCMOS inputs and
translates them to LVDS output signals. All inputs tolerate overshoot of VCC +1V and undershoot of -1V. The
EN and EN inputs are ANDed together and control the
high-impedance outputs. When the device is disabled,
power drops to ultra-low 12.6mW (typ). Outputs conform to the ANSI TIA/EIA-644 LVDS standard.
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +4.0V
IN_, EN, EN to GND....................................-1.4V to (VCC + 1.4V)
OUT_ to GND ........................................................-0.3V to +4.0V
Short-Circuit Duration (OUT_) ....................................Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
16-Pin TSSOP (derate 9.4mW/oC above +70°C) .........755mW
16-Pin QFN (derate 16.9mW/oC above +70°C) .........1349mW
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C
ESD Protection
Human Body Model
All Pins to GND ............................................................±2kV
OUT_ ............................................................................±2kV
IEC 61000-4-2 Level 4
Contact Discharge (OUT_)...............................................±8kV
Air Discharge (OUT_) .....................................................±15kV
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, RL = 100Ω ±1%, IN_ = high or low, EN = high, EN = low, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC =
+3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
250
368
450
mV
0.3
25
mV
1.28
1.375
V
0.3
25
mV
1.6
V
LVDS OUTPUTS (OUT_+, OUT_-)
Differential Output Voltage
VOD
Figure 1
∆VOD
Figure 1
VOS
Figure 1
Change in Magnitude of VOS
Between Complementary Output
States
∆VOS
Figure 1
Output High Voltage
VOH
Figure 1
Output Low Voltage
VOL
Figure 1
0.90
V
1.9
V
Change in Magnitude of VOD
Between Complementary Output
States
Offset Voltage
Unterminated Output High
Voltage
VOHUT
Output open, Figure 6
Unterminated Output Low
Voltage
VOLUT
Output open, Figure 6
Differential Output Short-Circuit
Current Magnitude
IOSD
1.125
0.1
V
VOD = 0 (Note 3)
9
mA
-9
mA
Output Short-Circuit Current
IOS
OUT_+ = 0 at IN_ = high,
or OUT_- = 0 at IN_ = low
Output High-Impedance Current
IOZ
EN = low and EN = high,
OUT_ = 0 or VCC, no load
-0.5
±0.002
+0.5
µA
Power-Off Output Current
IOFF
VCC, IN_, EN, EN = 0 or open, OUT_ = 0 or
3.6V, no load
-0.5
±0.001
+0.5
µA
INPUTS (IN_, EN, EN)
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
2.0
VCC + 1
V
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
-1.0
+0.8
V
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, RL = 100Ω ±1%, IN_ = high or low, EN = high, EN = low, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC =
+3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
0 ≤ IN_, EN, EN ≤ VCC
Input Current
IIN
MIN
-20
VCC ≤ IN_, EN, EN ≤ VCC + 1
-1V ≤ IN_, EN, EN ≤ 0
-1.5
TYP
MAX
UNITS
5
+20
µA
0.67
1.5
-0.46
mA
SUPPLY CURRENT
Supply Current
ICC
IN_ = VCC or 0, EN = VCC, EN = 0, no load
3.8
6.0
ICCL
IN_ = VCC or 0, EN = VCC, EN = 0,
outputs loaded
18
25
ICCZ
IN_ = VCC or 0, EN = 0, EN = VCC
3.8
6
mA
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, RL = 100Ω ±1%, CL = 15pF, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless
otherwise noted.) (Notes 4–7)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Differential Propagation Delay
High to Low
tPHLD
Figures 2, 3
0.9
1.4
2.0
ns
Differential Propagation Delay
Low to High
tPLHD
Figures 2, 3
0.9
1.5
2.0
ns
Differential Pulse Skew
tSKD1
Figures 2, 3 (Note 8)
0.1
0.25
ns
Differential Channel-to-Channel
Skew
tSKD2
Figures 2, 3 (Note 9)
0.15
0.35
ns
tSKD3
Figures 2, 3 (Note 10)
0.9
tSKD4
Figures 2, 3 (Note 11)
1.1
Differential Part-to-Part Skew
ns
Rise Time
tR
Figures 2, 3
0.20
0.43
0.70
ns
Fall Time
tF
Figures 2, 3
0.20
0.41
0.70
ns
Disable Time High to Z
tPHZ
Figures 4, 5
3.9
5
ns
Disable Time Low to Z
tPLZ
Figures 4, 5
3.9
5
ns
Enable Time Z to High
tPZH
Figures 4, 5
5.0
7
ns
Enable Time Z to Low
tPZL
Figures 4, 5
5.0
7
ns
Active to High Time
tAH
RL = 80Ω to 132Ω ±1%; Figures 6, 7
50
100
ns
High to Active Time
tHA
RL = 80Ω to 132Ω ±1%; Figures 6, 7 (Note 12)
1.0
1.5
µs
Maximum Operating Frequency
fMAX
(Note 13)
200
MHz
Note 1: Maximum and minimum limits over temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization. Devices are 100% tested
at TA = +85°C.
Note 2: Currents into the device are positive, and current out of the device is negative. All voltages are referenced to ground
except VOD, ∆VOD, VOS, and ∆VOS.
Note 3: Guaranteed by design.
Note 4: AC parameters are guaranteed by design and characterization. Limits are set at ±6 sigma.
Note 5: CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
Note 6: Pulse generator output for AC tests: tR = tF = 1ns (0.2 x VCC to 0.8 x VCC), 50% duty cycle, RO = 50Ω, VOH = VCC + 1V settling to VCC, VOL = -1V settling to zero, frequency = 200MHz.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX9178
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, RL = 100Ω ±1%, CL = 15pF, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless
otherwise noted.) (Notes 4–7)
Note 7: Pulse generator output for tPHZ, tPLZ, tPZH, tPZL, tAH, and tHA tests: tR = tF = 1ns (0.2 x VCC to 0.8 x VCC), 50% duty cycle,
RO = 50Ω, VOH = VCC + 1V settling to VCC, VOL = -1V settling to zero, frequency = 100kHz.
Note 8: tSKD1 is the magnitude of the difference of differential propagation delay. tSKD1 = |tPHLD - tPLHD|.
Note 9: tSKD2 is the magnitude difference of tPHLD or tPLHD of one channel to the tPHLD or tPLHD of another channel on the same
device.
Note 10: tSKD3 is the magnitude of the difference of any differential propagation delays between devices at the same VCC and within
5°C of each other.
Note 11: tSKD4 is the magnitude of the difference of any differential propagation delays between devices operating over the rated
supply and temperature ranges.
Note 12: After tHA time, all switching characteristics specifications are met.
Note 13: Meets all AC parameters at fMAX = 200MHz with |VOD | ≥ 250mV.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +3.3V, RL = 100Ω, CL = 15pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
OUTPUT SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
4.6
4.2
3.8
OUT_ TO GND
3.4
-3.0
3.0
VIN = VCC OR GND
-3.4
-3.8
-4.2
OUT_ TO VCC
-4.6
-5.0
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT HIGH-IMPEDANCE STATE CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
30
0
-30
OUT_ TO VCC
3.6
MAX9178 toc04
OUT_ TO GND
60
370
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
MAX9178 toc03
90
368
366
364
362
360
358
356
354
352
-60
350
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
4
MAX9178 toc02
VIN = VCC OR GND
OUTPUT SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
MAX9178 toc01
OUTPUT SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
5.0
OUTPUT HIGH-IMPEDANCE CURRENT (pA)
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
3.5
3.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.5
3.6
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. LOAD RESISTOR
1.276
300
200
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
400
1.274
1.272
1.270
1.268
1.266
MAX9178 toc07
1.278
OFFSET VOLTAGE (V)
500
27
MAX9178 toc06
1.280
MAX9178 toc05
600
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. FREQUENCY
OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
24
21
ALL-CHANNELS SWITCHING
18
1.264
100
ONE-CHANNEL SWITCHING
1.262
0
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
10
100
1000
DIFFERENTIAL PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
24
22
20
ONE-CHANNEL SWITCHING
ALL-CHANNELS SWITCHING
24
22
20
18
16
ONE-CHANNEL SWITCHING
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
-40
-15
10
35
60
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
DIFFERENTIAL PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
DIFFERENTIAL SKEW
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
1.6
tPLHD
1.5
1.4
tPHLD
1.3
3.0
160
180
140
120
100
80
60
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
60
20
1.0
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
3.6
80
40
85
3.5
100
20
60
3.4
120
1.1
35
3.3
140
40
10
3.2
160
1.2
-15
3.1
200
DIFFERENTIAL SKEW (ps)
1.7
1.30
DIFFERENTIAL SKEW
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
180
DIFFERENTIAL SKEW (ps)
1.8
tPHLD
1.35
85
MAX9178 toc12
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
1.40
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
200
MAX9178 toc11
2.0
tPLHD
1.45
1.25
18
3.1
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
1.50
MAX9178 toc13
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
26
1.55
MAX9178 toc10
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
DIFFERENTIAL PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
MAX9178 toc08
28
MAX9178 toc09
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
ALL-CHANNELS SWITCHING
-40
1
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
26
3.0
0.1
FREQUENCY (MHz)
28
DIFFERENTIAL PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
3.1
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
3.0
LOAD RESISTOR (Ω)
30
1.9
15
0.01
1.260
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
0
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
3.5
3.6
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX9178
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.3V, RL = 100Ω, CL = 15pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.3V, RL = 100Ω, CL = 15pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
TRANSITION TIME
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
TRANSITION TIME
vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
450
tR
400
FREQUENCY = 200MHz
TRANSITION TIME (ps)
500
tF
MAX9178 toc15
500
MAX9178 toc14
550
TRANSITION TIME (ps)
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
450
tR
tF
400
350
350
300
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
300
-40
-15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Pin Description
PIN
6
NAME
FUNCTION
TSSOP
QFN
1
15
2
16
IN1
LVTTL/LVCMOS Input 1. Input internally pulled down.
3
1
IN2
LVTTL/LVCMOS Input 2. Input internally pulled down.
4
2
VCC
Power-Supply. Bypass VCC to GND with 0.1µF and 0.001µF ceramic capacitors.
5
3
GND
6
4
IN3
LVTTL/LVCMOS Input 3. Input internally pulled down.
7
5
IN4
LVTTL/LVCMOS input 4. Input internally pulled down.
8
6
EN
LVTTL/LVCMOS Inverting Enable Input. All outputs are disabled when EN is high.
Internally pulled down.
EN
LVTTL/LVCMOS Enable Input. All outputs are disabled when EN is low. Internally
pulled down.
Ground
9
7
OUT4-
Inverting LVDS Output 4
10
8
OUT4+
Noninverting LVDS Output 4
11
9
OUT3+
Noninverting LVDS Output 3
12
10
OUT3-
Inverting LVDS Output 3
13
11
OUT2-
Inverting LVDS Output 2
14
12
OUT2+
Noninverting LVDS Output 2
15
13
OUT1+
Noninverting LVDS Output 1
16
14
OUT1-
Inverting LVDS Output 1
—
EP
Exposed Pad
Exposed Pad. Solder to ground plane.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
CL
OUT_+
2V TO VCC + 1
-1V TO 0.8V
RL / 2
OUT_ +
IN_
IN_
PULSE
GENERATOR
VOD
RL
VOS
RL / 2
OUT_ -
50Ω
CL
OUT_-
Figure 2. Transition Time and Propagation Delay Test Circuit
Figure 1. Driver VOD and VOS Test Circuit
VCC + 1V
VCC
0.5 x VCC
0.5 x VCC
IN_
0
tPLHD
-1V
tPHLD
OUT_0 (DIFFERENTIAL)
0 (DIFFERENTIAL)
OUT_+
80%
80%
0 (DIFFERENTIAL)
VDIFF = (OUT_+) - (OUT_-)
20%
VDIFF
0 (DIFFERENTIAL)
20%
tF
tR
Figure 3. Transition Time and Propagation Delay Waveform Timing
CL
OUT_+
2V TO VCC + 1V
RL / 2
IN_
-1V TO 0.8V
+1.2V
RL / 2
OUT_CL
EN
PULSE
GENERATOR
50Ω
EN
1/4 MAX9178
Figure 4. High-Impedance Delay Test Circuit
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX9178
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
MAX9178
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
VCC + 1V
EN WHEN EN = LOW OR OPEN
1.5V
VCC
1.5V
0
-1V
VCC + 1V
EN WHEN EN = HIGH
VCC
1.5V
1.5V
0
-1V
tPHZ
tPZH
OUT_+ WHEN IN_ = 2V TO VCC + 1
OUT_- WHEN IN_ = -1V TO 0.8V
VOH
50%
50%
1.2V
tPZL
tPLZ
1.2V
50%
50%
OUT_+ WHEN IN_ = -1V TO 0.8V
OUT_- WHEN IN_ = 2V TO VCC + 1
VOL
Figure 5. High-Impedance Delay Waveform Timing
S1
OUT_+
CL
PULSE
GENERATOR
IN_
RL
50Ω
OUT_-
TERMINATION ONLY.
ZERO CABLE LENGTH.
CL
Figure 6. Active-to-High and High-to-Active Test Circuit
IN_
VOHUT(MIN)
OUT_+
OUT_VOLUT(MAX)
tAH
tHA
RL DISCONNECTED
RL CONNECTED
Figure 7. Active-to-High and High-to-Active Timing Diagram
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
Termination
The termination resistors should match the differential
impedance of the transmission line. Output voltage levels
depend upon the value of the termination resistor. The
MAX9178 is optimized for point-to-point interface with 100Ω
termination resistors at the receiver inputs. Termination
resistance values may range between 90Ω and 132Ω,
depending on the characteristic impedance of the transmission medium. Table 1 lists the I/O functions.
Termination Detection
The MAX9178 has a limited-capability termination
detection circuit at each output that drives the output
high when the output termination is removed (or is not
present at power-up), and starts the output switching
when a termination is connected. These circuits prevent EMI and crosstalk that occur (due to reflections) if
an unterminated line is driven.
Table 1. Input/Output Function Table
ENABLES
EN
EN
H
L or
open
OUTPUT
LOAD
INPUTS
Connected
All other
combinations of
enable inputs
X
OUTPUTS
IN_
OUT_+
OUT_-
L
L
H
H
H
L
X
Z
Z
Z = High impedance.
X = Don’t care.
Table 2. Cable Lengths and Frequencies
CONDITIONS
100Ω cable termination,
5pF load (each output to
ground), 10% to 90%
duty cycle
CABLE
LENGTH (m)
TYPICAL
SWITCHING
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
1
10.75
2
8.5
4
7.8
Bench testing with CAT-5E unshielded twisted-pair
cable showed the termination detection working for the
cable lengths and frequencies listed in Table 2. Other
combinations of cable length and frequency are possible.
The termination detection worked with 30m of CAT-5 at
3MHz and with alternating 3MHz and 9MHz. The termination detection is prevented from working at various
cable lengths, switching frequencies, and data patterns
by reflections that discharge the detection circuit.
Applications Information
Power-Supply Bypassing
Bypass V CC with high-frequency, surface-mount
ceramic 0.1µF and 0.001µF capacitors in parallel as
close to the device as possible, with the smaller valued
capacitor closest to VCC.
Differential Traces
Output trace characteristics affect the performance of
the MAX9178. Use controlled-impedance traces to
match trace impedance to the transmission medium.
Eliminate reflections and ensure that noise couples as
common mode by running the differential trace pairs
close together. Reduce skew by matching the electrical
length of the traces. Excessive skew can result in a
degradation of magnetic field cancellation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX9178
Detailed Description
The LVDS interface standard is a signaling method
intended for point-to-point communication over a controlled-impedance medium as defined by the
ANSI/TIA/EIA-644 and IEEE 1596.3 standards. The LVDS
standard uses a lower voltage swing than other common
communication standards, achieving higher data rates
with reduced power consumption, while reducing EMI
emissions and system susceptibility to noise.
The MAX9178 is a 400Mbps quad differential LVDS driver that is designed for high-speed, point-to-point, and
low-power applications. This device accepts LVTTL/
LVCMOS input levels and translates them to LVDS output signals.
The MAX9178 generates a 2.5mA to 4.5mA output current using a current-steering configuration. This currentsteering approach induces less ground bounce and no
shoot-through current, enhancing noise margin and system speed performance. The driver outputs are shortcircuit current limited, and enter a high-impedance state
when the device is not powered or is disabled.
The current-steering architecture of the MAX9178 requires
a resistive load to terminate the signal and complete the
transmission loop. Because the device switches current
and not voltage, the actual output voltage swing is
determined by the value of the termination resistor at
the input of an LVDS receiver. Logic states are determined by the direction of current flow through the termination resistor. With a typical 3.7mA output current, the
MAX9178 produces an output voltage of 370mV when
driving a 100Ω load.
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
Maintain the distance between the differential traces to
avoid discontinuities in differential impedance.
Minimize the number of vias to further prevent impedance discontinuities.
Cables and Connectors
Transmission media should have a nominal differential
impedance of 100Ω. To minimize impedance discontinuities, use cables and connectors that have matched
differential impedance.
Balanced cables such as twisted pair offer superior
signal quality and tend to generate less EMI due to
canceling effects. Balanced cables tend to pick up
noise as common mode, which is rejected by the LVDS
receiver.
Overshoot and Undershoot
Voltage Protection
The MAX9178 is designed to protect the inputs (IN_,
EN, and EN) against latchup due to transient overshoot
and undershoot voltage. If the input voltage goes
above VCC or below GND by up to 1V, an internal circuit limits input current to 1.5mA.
RC
50Ω TO 100Ω
CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR
HIGHVOLTAGE
DC
SOURCE
Cs
150pF
The IEC 61000-4-2 standard specifies ESD tolerance
for electronic systems. The IEC 61000-4-2 model
(Figure 8) specifies a 150pF capacitor that is discharged into the device through a 330Ω resistor. The
MAX9178 outputs are rated for IEC 61000-4-2 level 4
(±8kV Contact Discharge and ±15kV Air Discharge).
The Human Body Model (HBM, Figure 9) specifies a
100pF capacitor that is discharged into the device
through a 1.5kΩ resistor.
The IEC 61000-4-2 circuit discharges higher peak current and more energy than the HBM circuit due to the
lower series resistance and larger capacitor.
Board Layout
A four-layer PC board that provides separate power,
ground, LVDS signals, and input signals is recommended. Separate the LVTTL/LVCMOS and LVDS signals to prevent coupling.
RC
1MΩ
RD
330Ω
CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR
DISCHARGE
RESISTANCE
STORAGE
CAPACITOR
DEVICE
UNDER
TEST
Figure 8. IEC 61000-4-2 Contact Discharge ESD Test Model
10
IEC 61000-4-2 Level 4
ESD Protection
HIGHVOLTAGE
DC
SOURCE
Cs
100pF
RD
1.5kΩ
DISCHARGE
RESISTANCE
STORAGE
CAPACITOR
Figure 9. Human Body ESD Test Model
______________________________________________________________________________________
DEVICE
UNDER
TEST
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
OUT1+
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1089
PROCESS: CMOS
IN1
OUT1-
OUT2+
IN2
OUT2-
OUT3+
IN3
OUT3-
OUT4+
IN4
OUT4-
EN
EN
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX9178
Functional Diagram
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
24L QFN THIN.EPS
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
PACKAGE OUTLINE
12,16,20,24L QFN THIN, 4x4x0.8 mm
21-0139
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
A
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
PACKAGE OUTLINE
12,16,20,24L QFN THIN, 4x4x0.8 mm
21-0139
A
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
MAX9178
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
TSSOP4.40mm.EPS
MAX9178
Quad LVDS Line Driver with High-ESD
Tolerance and Flow-Through Pinout
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
14 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2003 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.