Aeroflex Colorado Springs Application Note AN-LVDS-002-01 Calculating Power Dissipation on LVDS Driver/Receiver Family Table 1: Cross Reference of Applicable Products Manufacturer Part SMD # Number 3.3-VOLT QUAD DRIVER UT54LVDS031LV/E 5962-98651 Product Name: Device Type 02, 03, 04, 05 Internal PIC* 3.3-VOLT QUAD RECEIVER UT54LVDS032LV/E 5962-98652 02, 03, 04, 05 3.3-VOLT QUAD RECEIVER with TERMINATION RESISTOR 3.3V BUS QUAD DRIVER 3.3V DUAL DRIVER and RECEIVER 5.0V QUAD DRIVER 5.0V QUAD RECEIVER 5.0V QUAD DRIVER with COLD SPARE 5.0V QUAD RECEIVER with COLD SPARE UT54LVDS032LVT 5962-04201 01, 02 UT54LVDM031LV UT54LVDM055LV 5962-06201 5962-06202 01 01 WD03, WD07, WD28, WD30 WD04, WD08, WD29, WD31 WD06, WD10 WD21 WD22 UT54LVDS031 UT54LVDS032 UT54LVDSC031 5962-95833 5962-95834 5962-95833 02 02 03 JR05, JR08 JR06. JR09 JR10 UT54LVDSC032 5962-95834 03 JR11 *PIC = Product Identification Code 1.0 Overview Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) and bus Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDM) technologies are excellent solutions for moving large amounts of data quickly between system components. LVDS/LVDM systems run at high data rates, with low switching power, high noise immunity, and wide common mode range. Accurate power calculations are necessary determine system power supply and thermal management requirements. The purpose of this application note is to review power consumption of Aeroflex Colorado Springs LVDS/LVDM driver and receiver families. To perform a thorough power analysis, it is necessary to investigate both static power consumption and “at frequency” or dynamic power consumption. Static power is the power dissipated under DC conditions when the part is powered, the drivers/receivers are enabled, but the device is not switching. Dynamic power consumption is due to the clocking and switching activity of the device. This application note develops the components of LVDS/LVDM power consumption and example power dissipation calculations for typical LVDS/LVDM differential line drivers and receivers. A standard point-to-point configuration is shown in Figure 1. This configuration is terminated by either a 100Ω or 35Ω resistor across the differential pair. Termination resistor selection is Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 1 of 23 Modification Date: determined the differential signaling standard is used. LVDS requires a 100Ω resistor, while LVDM requires 35Ω. A constant current source feeds the differential outputs of the driver. The direction of current flow through the termination resistor (RT) determines the logic state of the receiver output. In most cases (except when UT54LVDS032LVT is used) the termination is external to the receiver input terminals. Total power consumed by the standard point-to-point configuration is the device power minus the termination power. The LVDS output power consumption is a function of the output swing and the termination. Figure 1. Standard point-to-point LVDS Driver Receiver Configuration 2.0 Technical Figures and Data The following plots show active current, or AIDD, measurements versus frequency and are used as input current for calculating power dissipation and power dissipation capacitance(CPD). The AIDD values are from maximum measurements taken during characterization of a single driver/receiver channel on each device configured under the following conditions. Please note that the following data was obtained in a lab. The test setup does not match the test configurations shown for the AC and DC electrical characteristics described in the Aeroflex Datasheets and corresponding DSCC SMDs. 2.1 3.3V Device Data Devices: UT54LVDS031LV/E, UT54LVDS032LV/E, UT54LVDS032LVT, UT54LVDM031LV, and UT54LVDM055LV Temperature: Voltage: Frequency: TC = 25°C, +125°C, -55°C, VDD =3.3 V f =1MHz, 50MHz, 100MHz, 150MHz, 200MHz Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 2 of 23 Modification Date: EN = 3.3V EN = 0V VDD DOUT+ + CLT DIN 100 Ω - DOUTCLT Figure 2A. LVDS Driver Test Configuration. Unused drivers are driven low, meaning DIN = Vss VDD EN = 3.3V EN = 0V + RIN+ ROUT CLT - RIN- Figure 2B. LVDS Receiver Test Configuration. Unused receivers have inputs floating, RIN+ = RIN- = FLOAT UT54LVDS031LV/E AIDD 20 19.5 19 AIDD (mA) 18.5 18 25°C 17.5 -55°C 17 125°C 16.5 16 15.5 15 14.5 0 50 100 150 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 2. UT54LVDS031LV/E Active current vs. Frequency Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 3 of 23 Modification Date: UT54LVDS032LV AIDD 35 30 AIDD (mA) 25 25°C -55°C 20 125°C 15 10 5 0 50 100 150 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 3. UT54LVDS032LV/E Active current vs. Frequency UT54LVDS032LVT AIDD 35 30 AIDD (mA) 25 25°C 20 -55°C 125°C 15 10 5 0 50 100 150 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 4. UT54LVDS032LVT Active current vs. Frequency Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 4 of 23 Modification Date: UT54LVDM031LV AIDD 19 18.5 18 AIDD (mA) 17.5 17 25°C 16.5 -55°C 16 125°C 15.5 15 14.5 14 0 50 100 150 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 5. UT54LVDM031LV Active current vs. Frequency AIDD (mA) UT54LVDM055LV AIDD DRIVER/RECEIVER 24 23.5 23 22.5 22 21.5 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5 25°C -55°C 125°C 0 50 100 150 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 6. UT54LVDM055LV Active current vs. Frequency Using the AIDD graphs provided above, or the data contained in tables 2 through 6 below, an estimate of the power supply current can be calculated by taking the slope of the line between two adjacent frequencies at a given temperature and multiplying by the user’s desired frequency. The values in the “Slope (mA/MHz)” column are the values for the power supply input current that will be used in determining the power dissipation, power dissipation capacitance, and dynamic current consumption later in this application note. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 5 of 23 Modification Date: Power dissipation capacitance or (CPD) for the LVDS drivers was calculated using equation 1 as follows. It can be noted that the LVDS driver output switches only 340mV which is approximately 10x less than VDD = 3.3V or 5.0V, so CLT can be neglected. C PD = Average( AIDD( slope) ) VDD (1) The CPD value presented in Table 2 was calculated as follows in example 1. 2.1.1 Example 1 C PD = Average( AIDD( slope) ) Average(0.0236, 0.221,0.216 ) = = 6.81 pF VDD 3.3V CPD for the LVDS receivers was calculated using equation 2 as follows. Since the LVDS receiver outputs switch rail to rail VDD = 3.3V or 5.0V, CLT must be accounted for. C PD = Average( AIDD( slope) ) − C LT VDD (2) The CPD value presented in Table 3 was calculated as follows in example 2. 2.1.2 Example 2 C PD = Average(0.178, 0.178, 0.180) Average( AIDD( slope) ) − C LT = − 40 pF = 14.37 pF VDD 3.3 Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 6 of 23 Modification Date: Table 2. UT54LVDS031LV/E Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS031LV/E VDD=3.3V CLT=20pF CPD=6.81pF Creation Date: 09/16/09 Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 15.0 15.1 16.5 0.028 17.7 0.024 18.4 0.014 19.8 0.028 Average Slope = 0.0236 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 15.2 15.3 16.7 0.028 17.8 0.022 18.6 0.016 19.7 0.022 Average Slope = 0.0221 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 15.0 15.1 16.4 0.026 17.3 0.018 18.5 0.024 19.4 0.018 Average Slope = 0.0216 Page 7 of 23 Modification Date: Table 3. UT54LVDS032LV/E E Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS032LV/E VDD=3.3V CLT=40pF CPD=14.37pF Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 Slope AIDD (mA/MHz) (mA) 10.9 11 20 0.183 28.7 0.174 31 0.046* 32 0.02* Average Slope = 0.178 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 12.1 12.2 20 0.159 29.9 0.198 32.2 0.046* 33.5 0.026* Average Slope = 0.178 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 9.8 9.9 18.9 0.183 27.8 0.178 30.3 0.05* 30.8 0.01* Average Slope = 0.180 * = These values were not included in the Average Slope calculation. These values were omitted because the output of the receiver was not swinging rail to rail. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 8 of 23 Modification Date: Table 4. UT54LVDS032LVT E Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS032LVT VDD=3.3V CLT=40pF CPD=11.31pF Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 AIDD (mA) Slope (mA/MHz) 7.3 7.49 18.04 0.215 24 0.119 30.98 0.139 31.43 0.009* Average Slope =0.158 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 9.1 9.35 20.77 0.233 28 0.144 32.01 0.080* 32.98 0.019* Average Slope =0.188 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 7.08 7.2 17.67 0.213 23.1 0.1086 29.81 0.1342 30.4 0.0118* Average Slope =0.161 * = These values were not included in the Average Slope calculation. These values were omitted because the output of the receiver was not swinging rail to rail. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 9 of 23 Modification Date: Table 5. UT54LVDM031LV Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDM031LV VDD=3.3V CLT=20pF CPD=4.72pF Creation Date: 09/16/09 Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 14.53 14.56 15.17 0.0124 15.54 0.0074 16.27 0.0146 18.09 0.0364 Average Slope = 0.017 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 14.9 14.96 15.65 0.0140 16.48 0.0166 17.1 0.0124 18.17 0.0214 Average Slope = 0.016 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 14.7 14.72 14.96 0.0048 15.45 0.0098 15.76 0.0062 17.3 0.0308 Average Slope = 0.013 Page 10 of 23 Modification Date: Table 6. UT54LVDM055LV Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDM055LV VDD=3.3V CLT=20pF (DRIVER) CLT=40pF (RECEIVER) Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 17 17.03 17.97 0.0191837 18.9 0.0186 20.56 0.0332 22.7 0.0428 Average Slope =0.0284 CPD=8.25pF Creation Date: 09/16/09 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 17.23 18.17 18.44 0.0055102 19.4 0.0192 21.01 0.0322 23.81 0.056 Average Slope =0.0282 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 50 100 150 200 16.9 17 17.32 0.0065306 18.1 0.0156 20.21 0.0422 22 0.0358 Average Slope =0.025 Page 11 of 23 Modification Date: 2.2 5.0V Device Data Devices: UT54LVDS031, UT54LVDS032, UT54LVDSC031, and UT54LVDSC032 Temperature: Voltage: Frequency: TC = 25°C, +125°C, -55°C VDD =5.0 V f =1MHz, 25MHz, 50MHz, 75MHz, 100MHz AIDD (mA) UT54LVDS031 AIDD 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5 16 15.5 15 14.5 25°C -55°C 125°C 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Frequency (MHz) Figure 7. UT54LVDS031 Active current vs. Frequency UT54LVDS032 AIDD 35 30 AIDD (mA) 25 25°C 20 -55°C 125°C 15 10 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Frequency (MHz) Figure 8. UT54LVDS032 Active current vs. Frequency Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 12 of 23 Modification Date: AIDD (mA) UT54LVDSC031 AIDD 22 21.5 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5 16 15.5 15 14.5 14 25°C -55°C 125°C 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Frequency (MHz) Figure 9. UT54LVDSC031 Active current vs. Frequency UT54LVDCS032 AIDD 35 30 AIDD (mA) 25 25°C -55°C 20 125°C 15 10 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Frequency (MHz) Figure 10. UT54LVDSC032 Active current vs. Frequency Again, the device characterization data used to generate Figures 7 to 10 follows in Tables 7 through 10. Using the AIDD graphs provided above, or the data contained below, an estimate of the power supply current can be calculated by taking the slope of the lines at various frequencies. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 13 of 23 Modification Date: Table 7. UT54LVDS031 Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS031 VDD=5.0V CLT=20pF CPD=9.31pF Creation Date: 09/16/09 Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 15.1 15.2 16.6 0.0583 17.8 0.048 18.6 0.032 19.7 0.044 Average Slope =0.046 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 15.8 15.9 17 0.0458 18.2 0.048 19.4 0.048 20.4 0.04 Average Slope =0.045 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 14.9 15.0 16.5 0.0625 17.7 0.048 18.4 0.028 19.8 0.056 Average Slope =0.048 Page 14 of 23 Modification Date: Table 8. UT54LVDS032 Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS032 VDD=5.0V CLT=40pF CPD=21.12pF Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 AIDD (mA) Slope (mA/MHz) 6.8 7 14.5 0.3125 22 0.3 26.7 0.188* 31 0.172* Average Slope =0.306 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 8 8.2 15.9 0.32083333 23.5 0.304 27 0.14* 32.7 0.228* Average Slope =0.312 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 6.3 6.5 14 0.3125 21.1 0.284 25.4 0.172* 30.2 0.192* Average Slope =0.298 * = These values were not included in the Average Slope calculation. These values were omitted because the output of the receiver was not swinging rail to rail. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 15 of 23 Modification Date: Table 9. UT54LVDSC031 Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDSC031 VDD=5.0V CLT=20pF CPD=10.2pF Creation Date: 09/16/09 Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 15.16 15.23 15.83 0.025 16.72 0.0356 19.3 0.1032 21.2 0.076 Average Slope =0.0599 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 15.5 15.56 17.3 0.0725 18.78 0.0592 20.3 0.0608 21.4 0.044 Average Slope =0.0591 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 14.4 14.57 14.95 0.0158333 15.16 0.0084 16.35 0.0476 19.18 0.1132 Average Slope =0.046 Page 16 of 23 Modification Date: Table 10. UT54LVDSC032 Current vs. Frequency Data over Temperature with mA/MHz calculated UT54LVDS032 VDD=5.0V CLT=40pF CPD=26.43pF Temperature (°C) 25 25 25 25 25 25 Frequency (MHz) SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 AIDD Slope (mA/MHz) (mA) 6.8 7.09 15.04 0.3312 24.03 0.3596 25.9 0.0748* 29.87 0.1588* Average Slope =0.345 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 8.1 8.34 15.4 0.294 25.76 0.4144 30 0.1696* 33.21 0.1284* Average Slope =0.354 125 125 125 125 125 125 SIDD 0 1 25 50 75 100 6.53 6.77 14.2 0.3095 21.3 0.284 24.8 0.14* 30.11 0.2124* Average Slope =0.296 * = These values were not included in the Average Slope calculation. These values were omitted because the output of the receiver was not swinging rail to rail. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 17 of 23 Modification Date: 3.0 Calculating of Power with Variable Load Capacitance The following equations and examples are provided as a guide for estimating static power dissipation, dynamic power dissipation, and power dissipation capacitance using various capacitive loads. Definition of Terms: VDD VOD VOL VOL(actual) VOH VOH(actual) Supply Voltage (V) Differential Output Voltage, ±0.340V for Drivers/Receivers (V) Low-level output voltage (V) Load Dependant Low-level output voltage (V) High-level output voltage (V) Load Dependant High-level output voltage (V) AIDD AIDD(slope) AIDD(frequency) SIDD IOL IOH IOD Active Current (mA) Slope of AIDD (mA/MHz) Active current at given frequency (mA) Standby Current Device Enabled f=0MHz (mA) Low level output current (mA) High level output current (mA) LVDS Driver Output Current (mA) PDCL PDCH Percent Duty Cycle Driving Logic Low (%) Percent Duty Cycle Driving Logic High (%) NSWDP NO Number of switching differential pairs Number of switching CMOS outputs CPD CL CLT Power Dissipation Capacitance (F) Load Capacitance (F) Capacitive per switching output Tester Load (F) f PRLOAD PSTD PSTR PDYND PDYNR PTOTALD PTOTALR Frequency (Hz) Resistive Load Output Power (W) Static DC Power Dissipation for Driver (W) Static DC Power Dissipation for Receiver (W) Dynamic Power Dissipation for Driver (W) Dynamic Power Dissipation for Receiver (W) Total Driver Power Dissipation (W) Total Receiver Power Dissipation (W) Driver Static Power is the power the device consumes when enabled and VDD is within the recommended operating conditions. Dynamic power is the power required to switch “N” number of LVDS/LVDM differential output pairs or single ended digital output loads. The total driver power is the static power plus the dynamic power plus the internal switching power at a given toggle frequency. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 18 of 23 Modification Date: LVDS Driver Power Calculations: Static Device Power (PSTD): PSTD = SIDD * VDD (3) Dynamic Power per Switching Driver (PDYND): (( ( )) ) PDYND = C PD VDD * f + (C L (VDD * VOD ) * f ) 2 (4) Total Driver Power (PTOTALD): PTOTALD = (PSTD + ( N SWDP * PDYND )) = (SIDD * VDD ) + (N SWDP [(C PD (VDD 2 * f )) + (C L (VDD * VOD ) * f )]) (5) LVDS Receiver Power Calculations: Static Device Power (PSTR): PSTR = SIDD * VDD (6) Resistive Output Load Power (PLOAD): PRLOAD = [(PDCL * VOL * I OL ) + (PDCH * (V DD − VOH ) * I OH )] (7) Dynamic Power per Switching Receiver (PDYNR): ( ( )) ( PDYNR = C PD VDD * f + C L (VOH (actual ) − VOL (actual ) ) * f 2 2 ) (8) Total Receiver Power (PTOTALR): PTOTALR = PSTR + ( N O (PDYNR + PRLOAD )) Creation Date: 09/16/09 (9) Page 19 of 23 Modification Date: Table 11. LVDS Driver/Receiver DC Electrical Parameters 1,2 LVDS Part ID UT54LVDS031 UT54LVDS032 UT54LVDSC031 UT54LVDSC032 UT54LVDS031LV/E UT54LVDS032LV/E UT54LVDS032LVT UT54LVDM031LV UT54LVDM055LV3 CLT IOD f (max) 20pF 40pF 20pF 40pF 20pF 40pF 40pF 20pF 20pF 40pF 3.5mA -3.5mA -3.5mA -3.5mA 10mA 10mA -- 77.7MHz 77.7MHz 77.7MHz 77.7MHz 200MHz 200MHz 200MHz 200MHz 200MHz 200MHz VOL4 0.90V 0.3V 0.90V 0.3V 0.925V 0.25V 0.25V 0.855V 0.855V 0.25V VOH4 1.60V 4.0V 1.60V 4.0V 1.650V 2.7V 2.7V 1.750V 1.750V 2.7V IOH4 --0.4mA --0.4mA --0.4mA ----0.4mA IOL4 -2.0mA -2.0mA -2.0mA ---2.0mA Notes: 1. All values are typical unless otherwise noted. 2. The top line contains specifications for the Driver, the bottom line for the Receiver. 3. Values are per the datasheet DC electrical characteristics. 4.0 Example Calculations The following sections walk the designer through two example calculations using the data and equations presented in sections 2.0 and 3.0 above. 4.1 Example 3 The UT54LVDS031LV analysis assumes utilization of 2 driver channels switching at 170MHz with 50pF capacitive loads at 25°C. UT54LVDS031LV Driver Power V DD = 3.3V N SWDP = 2 C L = 50 pF AIDD( slope) = 0.028mA/MHz SIDD = 15.0mA (Table 2) VOD = 0.340V I OD = .0035 A f = 170 MHz C PD = 6.81 pF (Table 2) Static Device Power (PSTD): Using equation (3): PSTD = SIDD * VDD = 15.0mA * 3.3V = 49.5 mW Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 20 of 23 Modification Date: Dynamic Power per Active Driver (PDYND): (( ( )) ) PDYND = C PD VDD * f + (C L (VDD * VOD ) * f ) = ((6.81 pF (3.3V 2 )) ) *170MHz + (50 pF (3.3V * 0.340V ) * 170 MHz ) = 12.61mW + 9.53mW = 22.14mW 2 Total Device Power Dissipation (PTOTALD): 2 switching differential outputs: PTOTALD = PSTD + ( N SWDP (PDYND )) = 49.56mW + (2(22.14mW )) = 93.78mW Quickly comparing the measured data from table 2 using Joule’s Law (P=I*V): I = ( AIDD( slope) * f * N SWDP ) + SIDD = (0.028mA / MHz * 170 MHz * 2 ) + 15.0mA = 24.52mA 2 switching differential outputs: P = I * V = 24.52mA * 3.3V = 80.92mW If example 4 were recalculated using a CL of 20pF, a result of 82.34mW is obtained. Therefore, the CPD form of the power calculation is within 2% of the Joule’s Law form. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 21 of 23 Modification Date: 4.1 Example 4 The UT54LVDS032 analysis assumes utilization of all 4 receivers switching at 40MHz (50/50 duty cycle), with a 20pF capacitive load, and a 2.35kΩ pull up on the CMOS output, at -55°C. A pull up resistor is present on the CMOS output of the receiver to pull up the output of the receiver if the enable signals disable and Z state the outputs (EN = L and /EN = H). In practice the bias resistor will be defined by the system designer. V DD = 5.0V C L = 20 pF C PD = 21.12 pF (Table 8) NO = 4 PDCL = 0.5 PDCH = 0.5 f = 40 MHz VOH (actual ) = 5.0V VOL (actual ) = VDD − (2.35kΩ * I OH ) = 5.0V − 4.7V = 0.3V at I OL = 2.0mA Static Device Power (PSTR): PSTR = SIDD * VDD = 8.0mA * 5.0V = 40.0mW Dynamic Power per Switching Receiver (PDYNR): ( ( )) ( ) PDYNR = C PD V DD * f + C L (VOH (actual ) − VOL (actual ) ) * f = (21.12 pF (5.0V 2 2 )) ( ) * 40 MHz + 20 pF (5.0V − 0.3V ) * 40 MHz = 21.1mW + 17.7mW = 38.79mW 2 2 Resistive Output Load Power (PLOAD): PRLOAD = [(PDCL * VOL * I OL ) + (PDCH * (VDD − VOH ) * I OH )] = [(0.5 * 0.3V * 2.0mA) + (0.5 * (5.0V − 5.0V ) * 0.4mA)] = 0.3mW + 0 = 0.3mW Total Device Power (PTOTALR): PTOTALRm = PSTR + ( N O (PDYNR + PRLOAD )) = = 40.0mW + (4(38.79mW + 0.3mW )) = 196.37mW Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 22 of 23 Modification Date: Quickly comparing this to Joule’s Law (P=I*V): 4 switching outputs: I = (( AIDD( slope) ) * f * N O ) + SIDD = (0.304mA / MHz * 40 MHz * 4 ) + 8.0mA = 56.64mA P = I * V = 56.64mA * 5.0V = 283.2mW for 4 outputs switching If example 5 were recalculated using a CL of 40pF, a result of 267.06mW is obtained. Therefore, the CPD form of the power calculation is within 6% of the Joule’s Law form. 5.0 Conclusion This application note empowers the designer to more accurately determine the power dissipation of Aeroflex’s LVDS products as implemented in the user’s application. The calculations described in the above sections employ application specific variables such as load capacitance, frequency, DC loading, etc that contribute to overall power dissipation. With accurate power dissipation improved power supply selection and thermal management schemes can be designed. 6.0 Additional Comments Data contained in this application note is NOT GUARANTEED. The data is intended to provide system designers with better estimate of LVDS driver and receiver power dissipation. To optimize power conservation tie unused driver inputs either high (VDD) or low (VSS), and leave unused outputs unconnected (no termination resistor connected, RT). Leave unused receiver inputs floating, the unused input pins should be floated near the pin on the receiver device. There is a fail safe mode on the Aeroflex LVDS receivers that force the outputs to a high state. Unused receiver inputs should not be connected to noise sources. Do not connect unused receiver input pins to a floating cable or trace because they will act as a noise antenna. Unused receiver outputs should be left unconnected to further power conservation. Creation Date: 09/16/09 Page 23 of 23 Modification Date: