MAXIM MAX8939EWVT

19-5843; Rev 0; 5/11
TION KIT
EVALUA BLE
IL
AVA A
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
The MAX8939 power management IC contains the necessary supplies and features for supporting cell phone
designs based on the Intel Mobile Communications (IMC)
61XX 3G platform. Designed to power all peripheral components in the platform, the MAX8939 also provides the
necessary signals to control the 61XX baseband processor.
The integrated lithium-ion (Li+) charger is protected up
to 28V input and features a protected output voltage
for supply of a USB transceiver. Proprietary thermalregulation circuitry limits the die temperature during
fast-charging or when the IC is exposed to high ambient
temperatures, allowing maximum charging current without damaging the IC. A dedicated current regulator is
included for driving a charge indicator LED.
Four programmable low-noise, low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs) provide the supply for noise sensitive peripherals. A high power vibrator driver is I2C programmable
in 70 PWM levels and 4 output voltages. The MAX8939
also offers two step-up converters; one high power, low
voltage (5V) to supply an external audio amplifier or
camera flash, and a high voltage (28V) supply for the
display and keyboard backlight. Two integrated 25mA
current regulators provide independent ramp-up and
ramp-down control, programmable through I2C.
The MAX8939 is a highly integrated IC that requires very few
external components and is available in a compact 2.5mm
x 3.0mm, 0.65mm max height wafer level package (WLP).
Applications
Companion Chip for Cell Phones/Smartphones
Features
S Step-Up Converter
700mA Guaranteed Output Current
I2C Programmable Output 3.5V to 5.0V in 16 Steps
Over 90% Efficiency
On-Chip FET and Synchronous Rectifier
Fixed 2MHz PWM Switching
Small 2.2µH to 10µH Inductor
S WLED Boost Converter
28V Max Step-Up Output Voltage
60mA Output Current
Integrated nMOS Power Switch
Over 90% Efficiency
Fixed 2MHz Switching
Small 4.7µH to 10µH Inductor
Two 25mA Individually Programmable Current
Regulators
I2C Programmable Output Current (50µA to
25.25mA) with 128-Step Pseudo Log Dimming
Individually Programmable Ramp (Up/Down)
Timers
Low Dropout (150mV max)
S Linear One-Cell Li+ Battery Charger
No External MOSFET, Reverse Blocking Diode,
or Current-Sense Resistor
Programmable Fast-Charge Current (1.5ARMS max)
Programmable Top-Off Current Threshold
Proprietary Die Temperature Regulation Control
4.1V to 10V Input Voltage Range with Input
Overvoltage Protection Up to 28V
Low-Dropout Voltage (300mV at 500mA)
Input Power-Source Detection Output
Input Overvoltage Protected 4.75V Output
(SAFE_OUT) from IN
Charge Current Monitor Output
Indicator LED
Hardware Input Enable
5s Watchdog Feature During Charge
S Four Low-Noise LDOs
1x 400mA, 2 x 200mA and 1x 100mA Output
Current
High 65dB (typ) PSRR
Low Noise (45µVRMS typ)
1.7V to 3.2V Programmable Output Voltage
Low Quiescent Current (25µA typ)
400mA LDO with Hardware Enable Input
S Vibrator Driver
Guaranteed 200mA Output Current
Programmable Output Voltage 1.3V to VINVIB
Repetition Frequency 23.8kHz
PWM Speed Control in 70 steps
Active Stop Brake
S Control Interface for 61XX Baseband
MAX8939 Control Through I2C
RESET_IN Reset Input
Charger Detect PWR_ON_CMP Output
IRQ Interrupt Output
S 2.7V to 5.5V Supply Voltage Range
S Thermal Shutdown
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX8939EWV+T
-40NC to +85NC
30 WLP
(0.5mm pitch)
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T = Tape and reel.
Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX8939
General Description
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
BATT, OUT1, SAFE_OUT, and INVIB to AGND.....-0.3V to +6.0V
CHG_IN, OUT2, LED1, and LED2 to AGND..........-0.3V to +30V
LED3 and CHG_MON to AGND..... -0.3V to (VSAFE_OUT + 0.3V)
COMP2, IRQ, RESET_IN, COMP1, SCL, SDA, CHG,
PWR_ON_CMP, REF, LDO1, LDO2, LDO3, LDO4,
and LDO1_EN to AGND..................... -0.3V to (VBATT + 0.3V)
OUTVIB to AGND................................... -0.3V to (VINVIB + 0.3V)
PGND1 and PGND2 to AGND..............................-0.3V to +0.3V
LX1, LX2 Current (Note 1).............................................. 1.7ARMS
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC)
WLP (derate 24.4mW/NC above +70NC)..........................1.9W
Junction to Ambient Thermal Resistance (BJA)
(Note 2).........................................................................41NC/W
Operating Temperature....................................... -40NC to +85NC
Junction Temperature......................................................+150NC
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65NC to +150NC
Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC
Note 1: LX1 has internal clamp diodes to PGND1 and OUT1. LX2 has internal clamp diodes to PGND2 and OUT2. Applications
that forward bias these diodes should take care not to exceed the IC package power dissipation limit.
Note 2: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to http://www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
5.5
V
BATT
BATT Operating Voltage
2.9
0.4
BATT Shutdown Supply Current
All outputs off,
disabled,
VSCL = VSDA= VRESET_IN = 0V
TA = +25NC
TA = +85NC
0.4
BATT Standby Supply Current
All outputs off, VSCL = VSDA =
VRESET_IN = 1.8V, I2C ready
TA = +25NC
5
TA = +85NC
5
BATT Biasing Supply Current
I2C ready, one or more outputs on
Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
Threshold
BATT rising
I2C
1
10
60
2.6
Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis
2.75
FA
FA
FA
2.9
V
100
mV
Threshold
+160
NC
Hysteresis
20
NC
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
REFERENCE
Reference Output Voltage
Reference Supply Rejection
1.200
V
0.2
mV
LOGIC AND CONTROL INPUTS
Input Low Level
SDA, SCL, LDO1_EN, CHG, and RESET_IN
Input High Level
SDA, SCL, LDO1_EN, CHG, and RESET_IN
TA = +25NC
SDA, SCL, LDO1_EN, CHG,
and RESET_IN, 0 < VIN < 5.5V TA = +85NC
Logic-Input Current
0.4
1.40
V
V
-1
+1
0.1
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
FA
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
LOGIC AND CONTROL OUTPUTS
IRQ (Open-Drain Output)
Output Low Voltage
IIRQ = 2mA
0.4
V
PWR_ON_CMP (Open-Drain
Output) Output Low Voltage
IPWR_ON_CMP = 2mA
0.4
V
SDA Output Low Level
ISDA = 6mA
0.4
V
400
kHz
I2C SERIAL INTERFACE (VSCL = VSDA = 3V) (Figure 15)
Clock Frequency
Bus-Free Time Between START and
tBUF
STOP
1.3
Fs
Hold Time Repeated START
Condition
tHD_STA
0.6
Fs
SCL Low Period
tLOW
1.3
Fs
SCL High Period
tHIGH
0.6
Fs
Setup Time Repeated START
Condition
tSU_STA
0.6
Fs
SDA Hold Time
tHD_DAT
0
Fs
SDA Setup time
tSU_DAT
100
ns
Maximum Pulse Width of Spikes
that Must Be Suppressed by the
Input Filter of Both DATA and CLK
Signals
Setup Time for STOP Condition
50
tSU_STO
ns
0.6
Fs
CHG_IN
Input Operating Range
4.1
VCHG_IN - VBATT, rising
CHG_IN Trip Point
200
10
300
VCHG_IN - VBATT, falling
100
VCHG_IN - VBATT, hysteresis
200
V
400
mV
Input Undervoltage Threshold (UV)
VCHG_IN rising, 500mV hysteresis (typ)
3.9
4.0
4.1
V
Input Overvoltage Threshold (OVP)
VCHG_IN rising, 200mV hysteresis (typ)
10.2
10.6
11
V
Input Supply Current
IBATT = 0mA
750
1500
FA
Shutdown Input Current
Charger disabled
500
FA
CHG_IN to BATT Dropout
On-Resistance
VCHG_IN = 3.7V, VBATT = 3.6V
0.4
0.8
I
4.90
5.00
SAFE_OUT
SAFE_OUT Regulated Output
SAFE_OUT Current Limit
ISAFE_OUT = 15mA, VCHG_IN = 5V,
TA = 0NC to +85NC
4.75
V
ISAFE_OUT = 15mA, VCHG_IN = 10V,
TA = 0NC to +85NC
5.2
100
mA
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
MAX8939
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
CHG_MON
I/V Conversion Factor
Monitoring voltage to charge current - fast-charge
current = 450mA (Note 3)
I/V Accuracy
Overall range
Output Voltage
450mA charge current - fast-charge current = 450mA
(Note 3)
2.666
-10
mV/mA
+10
1200
Charge Monitoring Range
0
Output Impedance
10
%
mV
1.2
V
20
40
kI
1.5
3
5
mA
TA = +25NC
4.179
4.2
4.221
TA = -40NC to +85NC
4.158
4.2
4.242
INDICATOR LED
LED3 Current Sink
VCHG_IN = 5V, TA = 0NC to +85NC
BATT
BATT Regulation Voltage
IBATT = 90mA,
VBATT programmed to 4.2V
-200
-300
-400
Disable
Programmable Restart Fast-Charge
From BATT regulation voltage, default = disable
Threshold
CHG_IN Fast-Charge Current
(Note 4)
VBATT = 3.5V
V
mV
CHG_CONTROL_A.FAST_CHARGE = 000b
80
90
100
001b
240
270
300
010b
400
450
500
011b
560
630
700
100b
630
765
900
101b
700
850
1000
110b
940
1020
1200
111b
1050
1275
1500
90
100
mA
2.55
2.6
V
mA
CHG_IN Precharge Current
VBATT = 2V
BATT Prequalification Threshold
Voltage
VBATT rising hysteresis 140mV (typ)
Soft-Start Time
Ramp time to fast-charge current
2.5
ms
IBATT falling, default value = 0%
0
10
20
%
2.5
TOP-OFF
Top-Off Threshold
(% of Fast-Charge Current)
TIMER
Timer Accuracy
Fast-Charge Time Limit
-20
From entering fast-charge to VBATT < 4.2V, default value
Precharge Timer
Top-Off Timer
Watchdog Timer
2.5
+20
%
60
min
30
min
30
60
120
Disable
min
5
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
10
s
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
THERMAL LOOP
Thermal Limit Temperature
Junction temperature when the charge current is
reduced, TJ rising, default value
+100
NC
OUT1 STEP-UP DC-DC CONVERTER
Input Voltage (VBATT)
2.9
5.5
2MHz switching, VOUT = 5V, no load
OUT1 Voltage Accuracy
500mA load, default value, TA = +85NC
4.8
5.0
Maximum Output Current
VBATT R 3.2V, VOUT1 = 5.0V
550
700
mA
nFET Current Limit
11
V
Input Supply Current
mA
5.2
2.0
V
A
Line Regulation
VBATT = 2.9V to 4.2V
0.1
%/V
Load Regulation
0 to 500mA load
0.5
%/A
LX1 nFET On-Resistance
LX1 to PGND1, ILX1 = 200mA
0.1
0.2
I
LX1 pFET On-Resistance
LX1 to OUT1, ILX1 = -200mA
0.15
0.3
I
TA = +25NC
0.1
5
TA = +85NC
1
LX1 Leakage
VLX1 = 5.5V
Switching Frequency
1.8
2
Maximum Duty Cycle
65
75
%
8
%
220
I
3
V
Minimum Duty Cycle
COMP Discharge Resistance
During shutdown or UVLO
2.2
FA
MHz
VIBRATOR
Programmable Output Voltage
OUTVIB
1mA at VBATT = VINVIB = 5.5V, 150mA at VBATT =
VINVIB = 3.4V, default value
Output Current
200
mA
Current Limit
VOUTVIB = 0V
400
600
mA
Dropout Voltage
ILOAD = 135mA, TA = +25NC
150
300
mV
Line Regulation
3.4V P VBATT = VINVIB < 5.5V, ILOAD = 100mA
2.2
mV
Load Regulation
1mA < ILOAD < 200mA
25
mV
Power-Supply Rejection
DVINVIB/DVOUTVIB
f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
40
dB
Output Noise
100Hz to 100kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
65
FVRMS
Discharge Time Constant
TOFF 90% to 5%, C = 1FF
0.1
ms
Active Stop
nFET on-resistance
1
I
Active Brake on Shutdown
nFET on duration
85
ms
LDO1
Output Voltage Accuracy
ILOAD = 1mA default 2.9V setting
Maximum Output Current
2.813
2.9
2.987
400
V
mA
Current Limit
VLDO1 = 0V
600
Dropout Voltage
ILOAD = 200mA
200
Line Regulation
3.4V P VBATT P 5.5V, ILOAD = 100mA
2.4
mA
400
mV
mV
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
MAX8939
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Load Regulation
50FA < ILOAD < 200mA
25
mV
Power-Supply Rejection
DVLDO1/DVBATT
f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
60
dB
Output Noise Voltage (RMS)
100Hz to 100kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
50
FVRMS
Ground Current
ILOAD = 500FA
21
Shutdown Discharge Time
TOFF 90% to 10%, C = 4.7FF
Shutdown Output Impedance
FA
1
ms
50
80
I
V
LDO2, LDO3
LDO2 Output Voltage Accuracy
ILOAD = 1mA, default settings
1.746
1.8
1.854
LDO3 Output Voltage Accuracy
ILOAD = 1mA, default settings
2.716
2.8
2.884
Maximum Output Current
200
V
mA
Current Limit
Output = 0V
400
700
mA
Dropout Voltage
ILOAD = 135mA
200
400
mV
Line Regulation
3.4V P VBATT P 5.5V, ILOAD = 100mA
2.4
mV
Load Regulation
50FA < ILOAD < 200mA
25
mV
Power-Supply Rejection
DVLDO_/DVBATT
f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
60
dB
Output Noise Voltage (RMS)
100Hz to 100kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
50
FVRMS
Ground Current
ILOAD = 500FA
21
Shutdown Discharge Time
TOFF 90% to 10%, C = 1FF
Shutdown Output Impedance
FA
1
ms
100
150
I
2.8
2.884
LDO4
LDO4 Output Accuracy
ILOAD = 1mA default setting
Maximum Output Current
2.716
100
V
mA
Current Limit
VLDO4 = 0V
200
400
mA
Dropout Voltage
ILOAD = 70mA
200
400
mV
Line Regulation
3.4V P VBATT P 5.5V, ILOAD = 50mA
2.4
mV
Load Regulation
50FA < ILOAD < 100mA
25
mV
Power-Supply Rejection
DVLDO4/DVBATT
f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
60
dB
Output Noise
100Hz to 100kHz, ILOAD = 30mA
50
FVRMS
Ground Current
ILOAD = 500FA
25
FA
Shutdown Discharge Time
TOFF 90% to 10%, C = 1FF
Shutdown Output Impedance
100
1
ms
150
I
OUT2 WLED STEP-UP CONVERTER
Input Supply Voltage
Input Supply Current
OUT2 Leakage Current
2.9
5.5
V
2
2.5
mA
TA = +25NC, VOUT2 = 28V, shutdown
0.1
1
TA = +85NC, VOUT2 = 28V, shutdown
0.1
2MHz, no load
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
FA
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
(VBATT = 3.7V, VCHG_IN = 5.0V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
LED1, LED2
Current Regulator Dropout Voltage
(Note 3)
25.25mA setting
200
5.05mA setting
150
LED_ Regulation Voltage
LED_ Current Accuracy
Leakage Current
350
mV
TA = +25NC, ILED_= 25.25mA
-3
+3
TA = -40NC to +85NC, ILED_= 25.25mA
-5
+5
TA = +25NC, in shutdown
0.01
TA = +85NC, in shutdown
1
mV
1
%
FA
LX2
nFET Current Limit
710
nFET On-Resistance
LX2 Leakage Current
mA
0.3
0.7
TA = +25NC, 28V, shutdown
0.01
1
TA = +85NC, 28V, shutdown
1
Operating Frequency
Maximum Duty Cycle
860
ILX2 = 200mA
1.8
VLED1 or VLED2 = 0.2V
2
2.2
92
I
FA
MHz
%
COMP2
Transconductance
20
Fs
Soft-Start Charge Current
60
FA
Discharge Pulldown
20
kI
PROTECTION
Overvoltage Threshold
VOUT2 rising
28
Overvoltage Hysteresis
Open LED Detection
Shorted LED Detection
30
4
100
VOUT2
- 2.2V
VOUT2
- 0.7V
V
V
120
mV
V
Note 1: The monitoring voltage is proportional to the charging current with a ratio depending on the programmed fast-charge current. For the current equal to the fast-charge current, the monitoring voltage is typically 1.2V.
Note 2: The maximum CHG_IN current is the typical value plus 10% for currents up 700mA and the typical value plus 15% for
higher currents.
Note 3: LED dropout voltage is defined as the LED_ to ground voltage when current into LED_ drops 10% from the value at
VLED_= 0.5V.
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
MAX8939
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VBATT = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
OUT1 STEP-UP CONVERTER
OUT1 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
OUT1 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT
80
60
VBATT = 3.0V
50
VBATT = 3.7V
40
VBATT = 4.2V
30
90
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
70
MAX8939 toc02
90
VBATT = 3.0V
70
60
50
40
30
20
20
10
10
VOUT1 = 5V
10
1
100
VOUT1 = 3.5V
0
0
10
1
1000
NO LOAD
5.4
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4.98
4.97
4.96
VBATT = 3.7V
4.94
5.5
MAX8939 toc03
VBATT = 4.2V
4.95
VBATT = 3.0V
4.93
4.92
5.3
5.2
5.1
MIN TON MODE
5.0
PROTECTION MODE
(VOUT1 TRACKS VBATT)
4.9
4.91
VOUT1 = 5V
4.8
4.90
0
100
200
300
400
1000
OUT1 VOLTAGE vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
OUT1 VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT
5.00
4.99
100
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
500
600
MAX8939 toc04
EFFICIENCY (%)
100
MAX8939 toc01
100
2.9
700
3.3
3.7
4.1
4.5
4.9
5.3
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
OUT1 NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
OUT1 STARTUP WAVEFORM
MAX8939 toc06
MAX8939 toc05
20
18
16
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
2V/div
VSCL
5V
1V/div
14
12
VOUT1
10
8
6
4
IL1
2
VOUT1 = 5V
0
2.9
3.3
3.7
4.1
4.5
4.9
5.3
200mA/div
NO LOAD
40µs/div
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
OUT1 STEP-UP CONVERTER (CONTINUED)
LIGHT-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS
HEAVY-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS
MAX8939 toc07
10mA LOAD
VOUT1
MAX8939 toc08
10mV/div
(AC-COUPLED)
2V/div
VLX2
2V/div
VLX2
IL1
100mA/div
IL1
20mV/div
(AC-COUPLED)
VOUT1
500mA/div
700mA LOAD
200µs/div
200µs/div
OUT1 LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
(70mA TO 700mA TO 70mA)
MAX8939 toc09
VOUT1
500mV/div
(AC-COUPLED)
200mA/div
IOUT1
20µs/div
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
MAX8939
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
OUT2 WHITE LED DRIVER
25.25mA/STRING
90
80
70
100
MAX8939 toc10
100
LED EFFICIENCY vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
2 STRINGS OF 4 LEDS
25.25mA/STRING
90
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
10.1mA/STRING
60
50
40
MAX8939 toc11
LED EFFICIENCY vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
2 STRINGS OF 5 LEDS
EFFICIENCY (%)
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
1.00mA/STRING
70
10.1mA/STRING
60
50
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
1.00mA/STRING
0
2.9
3.3
3.7
4.1
4.5
4.9
5.3
3.3
2.9
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
3.7
4.1
4.5
4.9
5.3
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
LED STARTUP WAVEFORMS
OUT2 SWITCHING WAVEFORMS
MAX8939 toc12
MAX8939 toc13
2V/div
VSCL
5V/div
5V
VLX2
VOUT2
5V/div
200mA/div
IL2
IL2
10mA/div
ILED
NO LOAD
100mA/div
DRIVING 1 STRING OF 5 LEDS AT 25.25mA
20µs/div
200µs/div
LED RAMP-UP WAVEFORM
MAX8939 toc14
VSCL
128ms SETTING, 0.05mA TO 25.25mA
2V/div
5V/div
VOUT2
10mA/div
ILED_
40µs/div
10 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
LDOs
LDO DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
LDO OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE
vs. LOAD CURRENT
-30
LDO3
LDO2
-40
LDO4
-50
CURRENT
LIMIT
-60
LDO2
250
LDO1
-20
-70
MAX8939 toc16
-10
300
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
VBATT = 3.7V
DEFAULT OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX8939 toc15
LDO4
200
LDO3
150
100
LDO1
50
VBATT = 2.9V
OUTPUT SET TO 3.2V
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
100 150 200 250 300 350 400
50
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
LDO SHUTDOWN WAVEFORMS
CHARGE CURRENT
vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE
MAX8939 toc17
100
2V/div
VSCL
MAX8939 toc18
OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV)
0
90
2V/div
VLDO2
VLDO3
2V/div
2V/div
VLDO4
2V/div
CHARGE CURRENT (mA)
80
VLDO1
70
60
50
40
30
VCHG_IN = 5V
VSET = 3.6V
DEFAULT CHARGER
SETTINGS
20
NO LOAD
IBATT
10
1A/div
40µs/div
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
MAX8939
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VBATT = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
BATTERY CHARGER
630mA CHARGE PROFILE
CHARGE CURRENT vs. CHG_IN VOLTAGE
200
VCHG_IN
RISING
150
100
UV
700
0
3
6
9
3.10
CHG_DET
FAST_CHG
300
100
0
3.30
400
0
12
TOPOFF
DONE
2.90
IRQ
2.70
2.50
2.30
0
15
3.90
3.50
IBATT
500
50
4.10
3.70
600
200
OVP
4.30
VOLTAGE (V)
VCHG_IN
FALLING
TEMP REG
+100˚C
250
VBATT
800
350
300
MAX8939 toc20
400
900
CHARGE CURRENT (mA)
VBATT = 3.7V
VSET = 4.2V
IFC = 450mA
450
1000
MAX8939 toc19
500
CHARGE CURRENT (mA)
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
20
40
60
80
100
120
TIME (min)
CHG_IN VOLTAGE (V)
CHARGER CONNECT WAVEFORM
VIB DISABLE WAVEFORM
MAX8939 toc21
VCHG_IN
MAX8939 toc22
3V OUTPUT, 50% DUTY CYCLE
5V/div
2V/div
VOUTVIB
ACTIVE BRAKE
VSAFE_OUT
1V/div
2V/div
2V/div
VCHG_MON
IBATT
IOUTVIB
0.1µF CAPACITOR ON
VBATT = 3V
CHG_MON
4ms/div
50mA/div
40µs/div
12 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
TOP VIEW
(BUMPS ON BOTTOM)
1
2
3
4
5
6
PGND2
LX2
OUT2
OUT1
LX1
PGND1
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
COMP2
LED1
RESET_IN
SCL
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
LED3
LED2
CHG
SDA
LDO3
LDO2
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
+
A
B
C
SAFE_OUT OUTVIB
D
D1
D2
CHG_IN CHG_MON
E
E1
E2
LDO1_EN COMP1
IRQ PWR_ON_CMP LDO4
LDO1
D3
D4
D5
D6
INVIB
BATT
AGND
REF
E3
E4
E5
E6
WLP 0.5mm PITCH
Pin Description
PIN
A1
NAME
PGND2
FUNCTION
Power Ground for WLED Boost Converter. Connect PGND1, PGND2, and AGND to the PCB
ground plane.
A2
LX2
A3
OUT2
Inductor Connection and Switching Node for WLED Boost Converter
WLED Step-Up Converter Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor from OUT2 to PGND2.
A4
OUT1
Step-Up Converter Output. Connect a 2.2FF capacitor from OUT1 to ground.
A5
LX1
A6
PGND1
Power Ground for OUT1 Step-Up Converter. Connect PGND1, PGND2, and AGND to the PCB
ground plane.
B1
COMP2
Step-Up Compensation Node for OUT2 Step-Up Converter. Connect a 0.22FF ceramic capacitor
from COMP to ground. The applied COMP capacitance stabilizes the converter and sets the softstart time. COMP discharges to ground through a 20kI resistance when in shutdown.
B2
LED1
B3
RESET_IN
B4
SCL
B5
LDO1_EN
B6
COMP1
Inductor Connection and Switching Node for OUT1 Step-Up Converter
25mA LED Current Regulator. Connect LED1 to the cathode of the first LED string.
Active-Low Reset Input. Pulse RESET_IN low to reset all registers (except STATUS and EVENT) to
their default state.
Clock Input for I2C Serial Interface. High impedance when the I2C interface is off.
Enable Input for LDO1. Drive LDO1_EN high to enable LDO1, or low to disable LDO1. Once LDO1 is
enabled or disabled through I2C, the state of LDO1_EN is ignored until reset.
Compensation for OUT1 Step-Up Converter. Connect a 2200pF capacitor from COMP1 to ground.
See the Soft-Start OUT1 section for more details.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
MAX8939
Pin Configuration
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
C1
LED3
Indicator LED Connection. Connect LED3 to the cathode of the precharge indicator LED. If a
precharge indicator LED is not used, leave LED3 unconnected.
C2
LED2
25mA LED Current Regulator. Connect LED2 to the cathode of the second LED string.
C3
CHG
Charger Disable Input. Connect CHG high to disable the charger, or low to enable the charger. Once
the charger is enabled or disabled through I2C, the state of CHG is ignored until reset.
C4
SDA
Data Input for Serial Interface. High impedance when the I2C interface is off.
C5
LDO3
200mA LDO Output. Connect a 2.2FF capacitor from LDO3 to ground. In shutdown, LDO3 is pulled
to ground through an internal 100I.
C6
LDO2
200mA LDO Output. Connect a 2.2FF capacitor from LDO2 to ground. In shutdown, LDO2 is pulled
to ground through an internal 100I.
D1
SAFE_OUT
4.9V Regulated LDO Output with Input Overvoltage Protection. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor
from SAFE_OUT to ground. SAFE_OUT can be used to supply low-voltage-rated USB systems and
the precharge indicator.
D2
OUTVIB
Vibrator Driver Output. Connect OUTVIB to the vibrator motor. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from
OUTVIB to ground.
D3
IRQ
D4
PWR_ON
_CMP
D5
LDO4
100mA LDO Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor from LDO4 to ground. In shutdown, LDO4 is pulled to
ground through an internal 100I.
D6
LDO1
400mA LDO Output. Connect a 4.7FF capacitor from LDO1 to ground. In shutdown, LDO1 is pulled
to ground through an internal 50I.
CHG_IN
Charger Input Supply Voltage. CHG_IN is the power-supply input for the SAFE_OUT linear regulator
and the battery charger. The operating range for the charger input is 4.1V to 10V. CHG_IN is
protected up to 28V. When VCHG_IN exceeds 10.6V, SAFE_OUT and the charger are disabled.
Connect a 1FF or larger ceramic capacitor from CHG_IN to ground.
E2
CHG_MON
Charge Current Monitoring Analog Output. CHG_MON outputs a voltage proportional to the charge
current with 1.2V corresponding to the programmed fast-charge current. The CHG_MON output
includes ripple from loads on the battery. If this is not desired, connect a small 0.01FF to 0.1FF
capacitor at the input of the ADC to filter the ripple.
E3
INVIB
Input Supply for the Vibrator Driver. Connect INVIB to BATT. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from
INVIB to PGND.
E4
BATT
Battery Connection and IC Supply Voltage. Connect a 10FF ceramic capacitor from BATT to ground.
E5
AGND
Analog Ground. Connect PGND1, PGND2, and AGND to the PCB ground plane.
E6
REF
E1
Interrupt Request Open-Drain Output
Open-Drain Output to Wake Sleeping Baseband. PWR_ON_CMP pulses low while the charger is
connected. See the PWR_ON_CMP section for details.
Reference Noise Bypass. Connect a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor from REF to AGND. Do not load. REF is
high impedance when shut down.
14 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
VOLTAGE
DEFAULT
DEFAULT
TOLERANCE
STATE AT
VALUE (V)
(%)
POWER-UP
OUTPUT
CURRENT
(mA)
DESCRIPTION
Q3.0
400
Low-noise LDO to supply power either to
the RF or analog section. LDO1 is controlled
from the I2C bus or the LDO1_EN input.
1.8
Q3.0
200
Low-noise LDO to supply power either to
the RF or analog section. LDO2 is controlled
from the I2C bus.
Off
2.8
Q3.0
200
Low-noise LDO to supply power either to
the RF or analog section. LDO3 is controlled
from the I2C bus.
1.7V to 3.2V
in 100mV step
Off
2.8
Q3.0
100
Low-noise LDO to supply power either to
the RF or analog section. LDO4 is controlled
from the I2C bus.
OUT1
3.5V to 5.0V
(STEP-UP) in 100mV step
Off
5
Q3.0
700
The OUT1 step-up converter provides a 5V
power supply for an audio amplifier. The
output voltage is programmable through I2C.
Off
N/A
N/A
60
The OUT2 step-up converter operates at
2MHz and provides a high-voltage source for
the keypad and backlight display drivers.
200
High-power vibrator driver with
programmable output voltage and speed
control in 70 steps through I2C. The vibrator
driver has active brake with stop.
90 default
1.3A
(max)
A stand-alone constant-current, constant
voltage (CC/CV), thermally regulated linear
charger designed for charging a single-cell
lithium-ion (Li+) battery. The charger current
and protection timer is programmable
through I2C.
100 (max)
Protected output SAFE_OUT can be used to
supply low-voltage-rated USB systems and
the precharge indicator. The output voltage
is a fixed 4.9V.
SUPPLY
OUTPUT
RANGE
LDO1
1.7V to 3.2V
in 100mV step
Off
2.9
LDO2
1.7V to 3.2V
in 100mV step
Off
LDO3
1.7V to 3.2V
in 100mV step
LDO4
OUT2
(LED)
VBATT to 28V
OUTVIB
(Vibrator)
1.3V, 2.5V,
3V, or INVIB
bypass
Battery
Charger
SAFE_OUT
One-cell Li+
3.6V, 4.15V,
4.20V, or 4.25V
4.9V
Off
N/A*
N/A*
3
3.6
4.9
Q3.0
Q0.6
Q3.0
*Subject to valid voltage present at CHG_IN.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
MAX8939
Table 1. Output Summary
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
DC/USB INPUT 4.1V TO 10V
(PROTECTED UP TO 28V)
2.9V TO 5.5V
BATT
CHG_IN
1µ F
10µF
CC/CVREG
LDO
SAFE_OUT
4.9V
CHG
DISABLE
1µ F
CHG_MON
I/V
LI+ LINEAR CHARGER CONTROL
3.5V TO 5V, 700mA
OUT1
LED3
PRE_CHG
INDICATION
10µF
PWM
BOOST
CONVERTOR
MAX8939
PWR_ON_CMP
SCL
ON/OFF CONTROL
UVLO AND POR
AND I2C INTERFACE
SDA
IRQ
CONTROL
LX1
LX2
1µF
2.2µF
PGND1
COMP1
L2
10µH
BATT
L1
2.2µH
CONTROL
RESET_IN
BATT
TO
SYSTEM
Li+
BATTERY
LDO1
BATT
LED BOOST
CONVERTER
2200pF
1.7V TO 3.2V, 400mA
4.7µF
OUT2
1µF
0.22µF
RAMP TIMER BLINK
RATE AND DUTY
CYCLE
PGND2
COMP2
LDO1
CONTROL
CONTROL
LDO2
CONTROL
INVIB
1.3V, 2.5V, 3.0V,
OR VBATT
OUTVIB
LDO3
BATT
VIB DRIVER
1.7V TO 3.2V, 200mA
2.2µF
200mA
M
1.7V TO 3.2V, 200mA
2.2µF
LED2
1µF
LDO2
BATT
LED1
BATT
LDO1_EN
LDO3
1µ F
PWM
CONTROL
CONTROL
LDO4
BATT
1.7V TO 3.2V, 100mA
1µF
PGND
LDO4
CONTROL
REF
BATT
1.2V
REFERENCE
AGND
0.1µF
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit and Block Diagram
16 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
MAX8939
VBATT
SHUTDOWN
RESET_IN = LOW
RESET_IN = HIGH OR
CHG_DET = 1 AND
CHG = LOW
SAFE_OUT
RESET
VBATT < VUVLO
CHARGER ASSERTED
READ
DEFAULT SETTING
RETURN TO
SHUTDOWN
RESET_IN = LOW
PWR_ON_CMP
RETURN TO RESET
CHARGER ASSERTED
PWR_ON_CMP = HIGH Z
WHEN IRQ REGISTER
IS WRITTEN
VBATT < VUVLO
UVLO UPPER
CHG_DET
WAKE-UP
IRQ
UVLO UPPER
THRESHOLD
I2C
UVLO UPPER
THRESHOLD
I2C READ/WRITE
STANDBY
I2C ACTIVE
LDO1_EN
ENABLE
BAND-GAP AND
INTERNAL OSC
0.5ms
ENABLE SIGNAL TO
CONTROL LDO1
RETURN TO STANDBY
ALL SUPPLIES
DISABLED BAND-GAP
AND INTERNAL OSC
DISABLED IF CHARGER
NOT CONNECTED
ACTIVE
ONE OR MORE SUPPLY
IS ENABLED
OVER_TEMP
IRQ IS ASSERTED
AND EVENT BIT IS SET
Figure 2. MAX8939 State Diagram
______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
CHARGER DETECT
CHG = 0, VCHG_IN > 4.1V,
VCHG_IN < 10V, AND
(VCHG_IN - VBATT) > 250mV
VBATT < 2.5V
PRECHARGE
PRECHARGE CURRENT
TIMEOUT:30min
VBATT < 2.4V
RESET TO DEFAULT
IF UVLO = LOW
OR RESET = LOW
ANY CHARGING
STATE
DIE TEMPERATURE
DEFAULT > +100°C
CHARGING CURRENT IS
REDUCED
AS NECESSARY
VBATT > 2.55V
FAST-CHARGE
DEFAULT: 60min TIMEOUT
AND 90mA IFAST-CHARGE
VSET 3.6V
IF VBATT = VSET
RESTART IF
VBATT < RESTART
THRESHOLD OR
CHG_EN
CHARGER DISABLED
CHG = 1, VCHG_IN < 4.1V,
VCHG_IN > 10V,
(VCHG_IN - VBATT) < 250mV,
OR THERMAL SHUTDOWN
TOP-OFF
CONSTANT VOLTAGE MODE (CV)
DEFAULT: 30min TIMEOUT
OR 10% OF IFAST-CHARGE
DONE IF
TOP-OFF TIMEOUT
CHARGE CURRENT < TOP-OFF
THRESHOLD AND VBATT = VSET
DIE TEMPERATURE
< + 100°C
STATUS
FAST-CHARGE
CONSTANT
CURRENT (CC)
IRQ
TOP-OFF OR FAST_CHG
TIMER EXPIRE
IRQ STATUS
TOP-OFF
ENTERING (CV)
IRQ STATUS
CHARGE DONE
Figure 3. Battery Charger State Diagram
18 ��
RETURN TO
CHARGING
STATE
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Startup and Power States
To guarantee the correct startup of the MAX8939, an
internal power-on reset is generated after the first connection of the battery. This resets the I2C registers to the
default values. The MAX8939 is then in reset state. The
reset state is a low power level, where the I2C interface
is disabled and it is not possible to read or write to any
register. The MAX8939 stays in reset state as long as
VBATT is below the UVLO upper threshold. When the
battery voltage exceeds the UVLO upper threshold, the
MAX8939 enters the standby state and the I2C bus can
be written to. The typical response time of the UVLO
detection is 50µs.
The UVLO upper threshold can be reached three ways:
• Fully charge battery is inserted and RESET is logic-high.
• RESET changes from logic-low to logic-high and
VBATT > VUVLO_UPPER.
• Charger is detected and CHG is logic-low.
This temperature threshold can be programmed in register
CHG_CONTROL_A.
Standby is a low-power state where the I2C is ready
for read/write operations and enables the different
power units (Table 1). If a unit is enabled through I2C or
CHG_IN is powered, the bandgap and internal oscillator
are started and the MAX8939 moves to the active state.
The MAX8939 stays in the active state until the last unit
(including the charger) is disabled.
Reset
The MAX8939 enters the reset state when the battery
voltage drops below the UVLO lower threshold. In reset,
all registers are reset except the STATUS and EVENT
registers that retain their values as long as the battery
is connected. In reset, all power units are disabled
and only the UVLO and CHG_IN detection circuitry is
active. If a fully charged battery is inserted or a charger
is detected, the MAX8939 enters standby. If a valid
charger is connected, the state machine enables the
PWR_ON_CMP generator and an interrupt is sent to
the host when above the UVLO upper threshold. When
a valid charger is detected while in the reset state, the
SAFE_OUT LDO is enabled and the charger begins precharging the battery.
The shutdown state is an extremely low-power state. To
enter shutdown, hold RESET logic-low.
Shutdown
The shutdown state is an extremely low-power state. To
enter shutdown, hold RESET logic-low.
In shutdown, all the internal blocks are disabled except
the CHG_IN detection. If CHG_IN is asserted, the
MAX8939 moves to the reset state and starts charging
with the default settings. When entering from shutdown,
the charger is reset and the PWR_ON_CMP generator is
enabled. If the charger is removed, the MAX8939 moves
back to the shudown state if RESET is still logic-low.
Linear Regulators
The MAX8939 charger uses voltage, current and thermal-control loops to charge a single Li+ cell and to
protect the battery. A complete charge cycle covers
four states: prequalification (precharge), constant current fast-charge (CC), constant voltage top-off (CV),
and charge complete (done). If the battery voltage is
below 2.55V, the charger is pre-charging with 90mA
until prequalification upper threshold is reach or the
maximum precharge time (30min) reached. When the
charger is in precharge mode, an LED indicator (LED3)
and the SAFE_OUT LDO are turned on; all other functions are disabled.
Once the battery voltage has passed the prequalification
upper threshold, the charger enters the fast-charge stage.
An analog soft-start is used when entering fast charge
to reduce inrush current on the input supply. When fastcharge is in progress, a safety timer is enabled and STATUS
can be read out of register 0x02 bit 4. The fast-charge current and safety timer are programmable through the I2C
interface. The default battery regulation voltage (VSET) is
3.6V, but can be programmed to 4.15V, 4.2V, or 4.25V.
When the battery voltage reaches VSET, the charger
changes to top-off mode (CV). When entering top-off, an
IRQ is flagged to indicate that the charger is in constant
voltage mode. Top-off mode keeps the voltage constant
and the current falls slowly until the top-off current threshold is reached. An IRQ is flagged to indicate charge is
done. The top-off current threshold is a percentage of
the fast-charge current, the threshold is programmable.
When the top-off current threshold is set to 0% and
restart is disabled, the top-off mode continues until the
top-off timer expires. The top-off timer is programmable
and can also be disabled. With the top-off threshold set
to 0% and top-off timer disabled, the charger continuously charges the battery with a constant voltage and
decreasing charge current. This makes it possible to
control the charge algorithm through software, without
influence of automatic maintaining charge.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 19
MAX8939
Detailed Description
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
To qualify charge as done, the current has to be below topoff current threshold or a timeout has occurred. To maintain the battery voltage, the charger can be programmed
to restart once the battery voltage drops below a programmable threshold. When restart is enabled and the battery
voltage drops below the restart threshold, the charger
starts a new charging cycle by entering fast-charge.
If restart is disabled, the charger stops charging when
done and does not maintain the battery voltage. When
charge done occurs, an IRQ is sent to the host and a
flag is set in register 0x03. Reading the register disables
the charger. The charger can be enabled by writing to
register 0x09 bit 0 (CHG_EN). If one of the safety timers
(fast-charge or top-off) expires, an interrupt is sent to
the host and a flag is set in register 0x03. The charger is
disabled 5s after the safety times out.
If, at any point while charging the battery, the die temperature approaches the thermal regulation threshold
(+100°C default), the MAX8939 reduces the charging
current so that the die temperature does not this temperature. This feature not only protects the MAX8939 from
overheating, but also allows the higher charge current
without risking damage to the system.
Note all charger registers are reset to their default settings by power-on reset (POR) or RESET.
Charger Disable (CHG)
CHG is a logic input used to enable or disable the charger. Connect CHG high to disable the charger, or low to
enable the charger. CHG operates when BATT is below
its operating range and when BATT is valid, but prior
to accessing the CHG_CONTROL_A register. Once the
CHG_CONTROL_A resister is accessed, either by reading
or writing, the register CHG_CONTROL_A. CHG_EN bit
controls the charger status and the state of CHG is ignored
(although it still triggers an interrupt unless masked).
SAFE_OUT
SAFE_OUT is an LDO powered from the CHG_IN input.
SAFE_OUT is enabled when a charger is detected (4.1V <
VCHG_IN < 10V) and provides a protected output regulated
to 4.9V (5V max). Typically, SAFE_OUT is used to power
low-voltage USB systems and the precharge indicator.
Indicator LED
The LED3 output sinks 3mA (typ) to drive an indicator LED. LED3 is on by default and can be controlled
by the host by I2C (bit 7 of the REG_CONTROL
register). Typically, this LED indicates charge status
and SAFE_OUT powers the LED as shown in Figure 1.
WATCHDOG_EN
CHARGER
DISABLED
RESET TIMER
CHG_EN/DET
WATHCDOG
TIMER
IRQ
THE WATCHDOG
TIMER EXPIRES
HOST READ
OR WRITE
CHARGE
REGISTERS
t < 5s
t = 5s
Figure 4. Watchdog Timing Diagram
Charge Current Monitor (CHG_MON)
CHG_MON is an analog output used to monitor the
charge current. CHG_MON outputs a voltage proportional to the charge current with 1.2V corresponding to
the programmed fast-charge current.
The CHG_MON output includes ripple from loads on the
battery. If this is not desired, connect a small 0.01FF to
0.1FF capacitor at the input of the ADC to filter the ripple.
Charger Watchdog Timer
During battery fast-charge, a watchdog monitoring function can be activated to ensure that the host processor
has control of the charge algorithm. The watchdog timer
is enabled through register REG_CONTROL bit WD_EN.
When the charger is enabled by CHG_EN or CHG_IN, the
watchdog timer starts counting. Within 5s of enabling the
charger, the host must read or write register 0x09 or 0x0A
to indicate it is alive. This resets the watchdog timer and
the host must continue to read or write register 0x09 or
0x0A in intervals of under 5s. If the host takes more than
5s for reading or writing these registers, the watchdog
timer expires, generates an interrupt, flags the watchdog
timeout in register 0x03, and disables the charger.
Linear Regulators
The MAX8939 includes four low-dropout linear regulators (LDOs). All LDOs are designed for low dropout, low
noise, high PSRR, and low quiescent current to maximize
battery life. When the battery voltage is above the UVLO
upper threshold, the MAX8939 LDOs are ready to be
20 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
LDO1 can be enabled through a hardware pin
LDO1_EN. By connecting this pin to a logic-high level,
the LDO enables automatically when the UVLO upper
threshold is reached. The LDO can also be controlled
by the LDO1_EN bit of the REG_CONTROL. When the
LDO1_EN bit is written to, the LDO1 enable state reflects
the value written, overriding the state of the LDO1_EN
pin. When the state of the LDO1_EN pin changes, the
LDO1 enable state is determined by the new state of the
LDO1_EN pin, overriding the LDO1_EN bit value. This
allows the system software to reduce quiescent power
consumption by turning off LDO1 without impacting
other logic that may utilize the same hardware control
used for the LDO1_EN pin.
Interrupt Request (IRQ)
IRQ is an active-low, open-drain output signal (requires
an external pullup resistor) that indicates that an interrupt
event has occurred and that the event and status information are available in the event/status registers. Such
information includes temperature and voltages inside
the MAX8939, fault conditions, etc. The event registers
hold information about events that have occurred in the
MAX8939. Events are triggered by a status change in
the monitored signals. When an event bit is set in the
event register, the IRQ signal is asserted (unless IRQ is
masked by a bit in the IRQ mask register). The IRQ is
also masked during power-up and is not released until
the event registers have been read. Each event register
is reset to its initial condition after being read. The IRQ is
not released until all the event registers have been read.
New events that occur during read-out of the event registers are held until all the event registers have been read
to, ensuring that the host processor does not miss them.
PWR_ON_CMP
PWR_ON_CMP is an open-drain output used to wake-up
a sleeping baseband. PWR_ON_CMP is activated when
a charger is detected (VCHG_IN is between 4.1V and
10V) and the battery voltage is above the UVLO threshold. If the battery has already reached the UVLO upper
threshold, the charger is detected by a rising edge.
When such an event is detected, the MAX8939 starts
pulsing the PWR_ON_CMP output every 50ms, with a
duty cycle of 98%. See Figure 5.
The event is also signaled by IRQ, which is asserted
when the UVLO upper threshold is reached and the
CHG_DET bit is set in register 0x04 (bit 6). The MAX8939
continues pulsing PWR_ON_CMP until the EVENT
registers are read, then the register is cleared and
PWR_ON_CMP and IRQ return to high impedance.
The events causing the PWR_ON_CMP activation are
triggered by a rising edge signal that must remain valid
for the duration of a 10ms debounce filter.
RESET_IN
RESET_IN is an active-low input signal to the MAX8939 and
is used to provide a full system reset inside the MAX8939.
As long as RESET_IN is asserted, the MAX8939 is not
able to do anything (except the charger), until RESET_IN
is released. All registers are cleared except the STATUS
and EVENT registers. When RESET_IN is asserted, the
EVENT_B bit RESET is set. If the CHG_IN voltage is valid
and RESET_IN is asserted, the charger operates in its
default state.
OUT1 Step-Up DC-DC Converter
OUT1 is a fixed-frequency PWM step-up converter.
The converter switches an internal power MOSFET and
synchronous rectifier at a constant 2MHz frequency with
varying duty cycle up to 75% to maintain constant output voltage as the input voltage and load current vary.
VCHG_IN
UVLO
UPPER THRESHOLD
VBATT
IRQ
PWR_ON_CMP
50ms
1ms
UVLO AND CHARGER
DETECTION EVENT
CHARGER
REMOVAL
EVENT
ALL EVENT REGISTERS
ARE READ. PWR_ON_CMP
AND IRQ ARE CLEARED
ALL EVENT
REGISTERS
ARE READ.
IRQ IS CLEARED.
Figure 5. Wake-Up Sequence
______________________________________________________________________________________ 21
MAX8939
turned on through the I2C interface. The guaranteed current drive capabilities for the LDOs are 400mA for LDO1,
200mA for LDO2 and LDO3, and 100mA for LDO4. The
output voltage for each LDO is programmable through
the I2C interface from 1.7V to 3.2V in 0.1V steps.
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Internal circuitry prevents any unwanted subharmonic
switching in the critical step-down/step-up region by
forcing a minimum 8% duty cycle.
OUT1 delivers up to 700mA to the load at a voltage programmable through I2C from 3.5V to 5V in 100mV steps.
Soft-Start OUT1
OUT1 soft-starts by charging CCOMP1 with a 100FA
current source. During this time, the internal MOSFET
is switching at the minimum duty cycle. Once VCOMP1
rises above 1V, the duty cycle increases until the output
voltage reaches the desired regulation level. COMP1
is pulled to ground with a 30I internal resistor during
UVLO or shutdown.
OUT2 White LED Driver
OUT2 is the output from the step-up DC-DC converter
for driving white LEDs. The converter is able to drive up
to 60mA at up to 28V. The step-up converter is adaptive
connected to the two low-dropout LED current regulators. The step-up converter operates at a fixed 2MHz
switching frequency, enabling the use of very small
external components to achieve a compact circuit area.
For improved efficiency, the step-up converter automatically operates in pulse-skipping mode at light loads.
Soft-Start OUT2
From shutdown, once LED1 or LED2 is enabled through
the I2C interface, the step-up converter prepares for
soft-start. CCOMP2 is quickly pulled to 1V by an internal
pullup clamp. Since the LED_ feedback node voltage
is less than the regulation threshold (0.35V typ), 40FA
current is sourced from the error amplifier and further
charges CCOMP2. Once VCOMP2 reaches 1.25V, the
step-up converter starts switching at a reduced duty
cycle. As VCOMP2 rises, the step-up converter duty
cycle increases.
When VLED1 or VLED2 reaches 0.35V (typ), the error
amplifier stops sourcing current to CCOMP2, soft-start
ends, and the control loop achieves regulation as VLED_
settles. The VCOMP2 where the step-up converter exits
ILED_= FULL SCALE
soft-start depends on the load. A 2.5V upper limit to
VCOMP2 is imposed to aid in transient recovery and to
allow maximum output for low input voltages. CCOMP2
is discharged to ground through a 20kI internal resistor
whenever the step-up converter is turned off, allowing
the device to reinitiate soft-start when it is enabled.
LED1 and LED2 Current Regulators
Each current regulator drives a series string of LEDs. The
maximum number of LEDs depends of maximum forward
voltage of the LEDs at the maximum desired current. The
total forward voltage of the LED string must be below
27.65V. The LED current is independently programmed
using the I2C interface from 50FA to 25.25mA with a 128step logarithmic dimming scheme.
Ramp-Up/-Down
The MAX8939 LED current regulators provide rampup and ramp-down functionality for smooth transitions
between different brightness settings. A controlled ramp
is used when the LED current level is changed, and
when the LEDs are enabled or disabled. LED1 and LED2
have individual ramp control, making it possible to ramp
different groups at different rates. The ramp-up and
ramp-down times are controlled by the LED__RU and
LED__RD control bits, and the ramps are enabled/
disabled by the LED__RAMP_EN bits. The MAX8939
increases or decreases the current one step every
tRAMP/32 until the target LED current is reached.
Open/Short Detection
The MAX8939 includes comparators to detect open or
shorted LEDs on LED1 and LED2. One comparator on
each LED_ output detects when the voltage falls below
100mV, indicating an open LED fault. Another comparator on each LED_ output detects when the voltage rises
above VOUT2 - 1V, indicating a shorted LED fault. The
fault-detection comparators are enabled only when the
corresponding LED_ current regulator is enabled and
provides a continuous monitor of the current regulator
conditions.
256ms
512ms
1024ms
2048ms
256ms
512ms
1024ms
2048ms
ILED_= ½ SCALE
0mA
ILED_= FULL SCALE
ILED_= ½ SCALE
0mA
Figure 6. Ramp-Up/Ramp-Down
22 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Overvoltage Protection
If the voltage on the OUT2 rises above 28V (typ), the
LED driver is put into the shutdown state. This protects
the MAX8939 from excessive voltage in the event of an
open-circuit LED.
Vibrator Driver
The vibrator driver is an LDO with PWM control (see
Figure 7). The LDO output voltage is programmable
through I2C to 1.3V, 2.5V, 3.0V, and VBATT.
The vibrator driver is driven with a PWM signal of duty
cycle from 0% to 83% or 100%, with a repetition frequency of 23.8kHz divided into 84 steps. A PWM ratio
set to greater than 83 results in the vibrator output being
permanently enabled (100%). Figure 8 shows the output
waveform at different output voltage and PWM settings.
The duty cycle is set by the I2C interface, with a value
greater than 0 enabling the PWM mode of operation. By
using the enable/disable, an active stop is activated.
When the vibrator is disabled, an nFET switch turns on
and shorts the vibrator to ground. At the same time the
nFET switch works as a recovery diode to protect against
reverse voltage from the vibrator.
The MAX8939 includes current protection that limits the
current in case the vibrator motor locks up.
VIB DRIVER
OUTVIB
INVIB
Thermal Shutdown
The MAX8939 monitors the die temperature at the charger and each LDO and DC-DC regulator. When the
temperature exceeds +160NC, the individual regulator is
shutdown is shutdown. Once the die cools by 20NC, the
regulator may be reenabled through the I2C interface.
The charger has independent thermal control circuitry that
lowers the charge current to regulate the die temperature
during the charge.
I2C Serial Interface
The serial bus consists of a bidirectional serial-data line
(SDA) and a serial-clock input (SCL). See Figure 9. The
MAX8939 is a slave-only device, relying upon a master
to generate the clock signal. The master initiates data
transfer on the bus and generates SCL to permit data
transfer. The I2C slave address is 0x62 for write operations and 0x63 for read operations.
I2C is an open-drain bus. SDA and SCL require pullup
resistors (500I or greater). Optional (24I) resistors
in series with SDA and SCL protect the IC inputs from
high-voltage spikes on the bus lines. Series resistors also
minimize crosstalk and undershoot on bus signals.
Data Transfer
One data bit is transferred during each SCL clock cycle.
The data on SDA must remain stable during the high period of the SCL clock pulse (see Figure 10). Changes in
SDA while SCL is high are control signals (see the START
and STOP Conditions section for more information).
BATT
SDA
SCL
M
PWM
MASTER
TRANSMITTER/
RECEIVER
I2C
SLAVE
RECEIVER
SLAVE
TRANSMITTER/
RECEIVER
Figure 9. I2C Master/Slave Configuration
Figure 7. Vibrator Driver
V
SDA
VBATT
3.0V
2.5V
1.3V
SCL
PWM
Figure 8. Vibrator Driver PWM Output
DATA LINE STABLE
CHANGE OF
DATA VALID
DATA ALLOWED
Figure 10. I2C Bit Transfer
______________________________________________________________________________________ 23
MAX8939
Once a fault is detected, it is flagged in the EVENT_B
register and the IRQ signal is asserted (unless masked
in the IRQ_MASK_B register).
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Each transmit sequence is framed by a START (S) condition and a STOP (P) condition. Each data packet is 9 bits
long; 8 bits of data followed by the acknowledge bit. The
MAX8939 supports data transfer rates with SCL frequencies up to 400kHz.
START and STOP Conditions
When the serial interface is inactive, SDA and SCL idle
high. A master device initiates communication by issuing a
START condition. A START condition is a high-to-low transition on SDA with SCL high. A STOP condition is a lowto-high transition on SDA, while SCL is high (Figure 11).
A START condition from the master signals the beginning
of a transmission to the MAX8939. The master terminates
transmission by issuing a not acknowledge followed by a
STOP condition (see the Acknowledge section for more
information). The STOP condition frees the bus. To issue
a series of commands to the slave, the master may issue
REPEATED START (Sr) commands instead of a STOP
command to maintain control of the bus. In general, a
REPEATED START command is functionally equivalent
to a regular start command.
When a STOP condition or incorrect address is detected,
the MAX8939 internally disconnects SCL from the serial
interface until the next START condition, minimizing digital noise and feedthrough.
Acknowledge
Both the master and the MAX8939 (slave) generate
acknowledge bits when receiving data. The acknowledge bit is the last bit of each 9-bit data packet. To
generate an acknowledge (A), the receiving device must
pull SDA low before the rising edge of the acknowledgerelated clock pulse (ninth pulse) and keep it low during the high period of the clock pulse (Figure 12). To
generate a not acknowledge (NA), the receiving device
allows SDA to be pulled high before the rising edge of
the acknowledge-related clock pulse and leaves it high
during the high period of the clock pulse.
Monitoring the acknowledge bits allows for detection
of unsuccessful data transfers. An unsuccessful data
transfer occurs if a receiving device is busy or if a system
fault has occurred. In the event of an unsuccessful data
transfer, the bus master should reattempt communication at a later time.
Slave Address
A bus master initiates communication with a slave device
(MAX8939) by issuing a START condition followed by the
slave address. The slave address byte consists of 7 address
bits (0110001) and a read/write bit (R/W). After receiving the
proper address, the MAX8939 issues an acknowledge by
pulling SDA low during the ninth clock cycle.
Write Operations
The MAX8939 recognizes the write byte protocol as
defined in the SMBusK specification and shown in
section A of Figure 13. The write byte protocol allows
the I2C master device to send 1 byte of data to the
slave device. The write byte protocol requires a register
pointer address for the subsequent write. The MAX8939
acknowledges any register pointer even though only a
subset of those registers actually exists in the device.
The write byte protocol is as follows:
1) The master sends a START command.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a write bit (0x62).
3) The addressed slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling SDA low.
4) The master sends an 8-bit register pointer.
5) The slave acknowledges the register pointer.
6) The master sends a data byte.
7) The slave updates with the new data.
SDA OUTPUT
FROM
TRANSMITTER
D7
D6
D0
NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
SDA OUTPUT
FROM
RECEIVER
SDA
SCL FROM
MASTER
SCL
1
2
START CONDITION
START CONDITION
Figure 11. I2C START and STOP Conditions
STOP CONDITION
8
9
ACKNOWLEDGE
CLOCK PULSE FOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Figure 12. I2C Acknowledge
SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp.
24 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
9) The master sends a STOP condition.
In addition to the write-byte protocol, the MAX8939
can write to multiple registers as shown in section B of
Figure 13. This protocol allows the I2C master device
to address the slave only once and then send data to
a sequential block of registers starting at the specified
register pointer.
Use the following procedure to write to a sequential
block of registers:
1) The master sends a START command.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a write bit (0x62).
3) The addressed slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling SDA low.
4) The master sends the 8-bit register pointer of the first
register to write.
5) The slave acknowledges the register pointer.
9) Steps 6 to 8 are repeated for as many registers in the
block, with the register pointer automatically incremented each time.
10) The master sends a STOP condition.
Read Operations
The method for reading a single register (byte) is shown
in section A of Figure 14. To read a single register:
1) The master sends a START command.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a write bit (0x62).
3) The addressed slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling
SDA low.
4) The master sends an 8-bit register pointer.
5) The slave acknowledges the register pointer.
6) The master sends a repeated START condition.
7) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a read bit (0x063).
8) The slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling SDA
low.
6) The master sends a data byte.
7) The slave updates with the new data.
9) The slave sends the 8-bit data (contents of the register).
8) The slave acknowledges the data byte.
10) The master asserts a not acknowledge by keeping
SDA high.
11) The master sends a STOP condition.
LEGEND
MASTER TO SLAVE
SLAVE TO MASTER
A. WRITING TO A SINGLE REGISTER WITH THE "WRITE BYTE" PROTOCOL
1
7
1
1
8
1
8
1
1
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
0
A
REGISTER POINTER
A
DATA
A
P
NUMBER OF BITS
R/W
B. WRITING TO MULTIPLE REGISTERS
1
7
1
1
8
1
8
1
8
1
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
0
A
REGISTER POINTER X
A
DATA X
A
DATA X+1
A
8
1
8
1
NUMBER OF BITS
DATA X+n-1
A
DATA X+n
A
NUMBER OF BITS
R/W
P
Figure 13. Writing to the MAX8939
______________________________________________________________________________________ 25
MAX8939
8) The slave acknowledges the data byte.
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
In addition, the MAX8939 can read a block of multiple
sequential registers as shown in section B of Figure 14.
Use the following procedure to read a sequential block
of registers:
6) The master sends a REPEATED START condition.
7) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a read bit (0x063).
1) The master sends a START command.
8) The slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling SDA
low.
2) The master sends the 7-bit slave address followed by
a write bit (0x62).
9) The slave sends the 8-bit data (contents of the register).
10) The master asserts an acknowledge by pulling SDA
low when there is more data to read, or a not acknowledge by keeping SDA high when all data has been
read.
3) The addressed slave asserts an acknowledge by pulling
SDA low.
4) The master sends an 8-bit register pointer of the first
register in the block.
11) Steps 9 and 10 are repeated for as many registers
in the block, with the register pointer automatically
incremented each time.
5) The slave acknowledges the register pointer.
12) The master sends a STOP condition.
LEGEND
MASTER TO SLAVE
SLAVE TO MASTER
A. READING A SINGLE REGISTER
1
7
1
1
8
1
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
0
A
REGISTER POINTER
1
A Sr
NUMBER
OF BITS
7
1
1
8
SLAVE ADDRESS
1
A
DATA
7
1
1
8
SLAVE ADDRESS
1
A
DATA X
R/W
NA
P
R/W
B. READING MULTIPLE REGISTERS
1
7
1
1
8
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
0
A
REGISTER POINTER X
R/W
1
1
A Sr
8
8
DATA X+1
A
DATA X+n-1
R/W
NUMBER
OF BITS
A
NUMBER
OF BITS
8
A
DATA X+n
NA
P
Figure 14. Reading from the MAX8939
SDA
tSU,STA
tSU,DAT
tLOW
tBUF
tHD,STA
tHD,DAT
tSU,STO
tHIGH
SCL
tHD,STA
tR
START CONDITION
tF
REPEATED START CONDITION
STOP CONDITION
Figure 15. I2C Timing Diagram
26 ��
START CONDITION
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
SYMBOL
REGISTER TYPE
NOTES
R
Read only
A field which is either static or is updated only by hardware.
Value written by software is ignored by hardware; that is,
software may write any value to this field without affecting
hardware behavior.
W
Write only
—
R/W
Read/write
Hardware updates of this field are visible by software read and
software updates of this field are visible by a hardware read.
RH
Read only; hardware affected
—
Read and clear
—
Not affected by software reset
—
R&C
NASR
Table 3. Operating Mode
REGISTER
ACCESS REGISTER POWER-ON
MSB
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
LSB
BIT 0
TYPE
POINTER
DEFAULT
CHIP_ID1
R
0x00
0x56
Die type information
CHIP_ID2
R
0x01
0x04
Die type and mask revision information
STATUS
R
0x02
0x00
EVENT_A
R/R&C
0x03
0x00
EVENT_B
R/R&C
0x04
0x00
IRQ_MASK_A
W
0x03
0xFF
IRQ_MASK_B
W
0x04
0xEF
CHG_REM CHG_DET
REG_CONTROL
R/W
0x05
0x80
LED3_EN
LDO1/LDO2
R/W
0x06
0x1C
LDO2
LDO3/LDO4
R/W
0x07
0xBB
LDO4
LDO3
BOOST1
R/W
0x08
0x0F
Reserved
BOOST1
CHG_CONTROL_A
R/W
0x09
0x1F
CHG_CONTROL_B
R/W
0x0A
0x20
TOPOFF_TIME
LED_RAMP_1
R/W
0x0B
0x80
VIB_VOLTAGE
LED1_RD
LED1_RU
LED_RAMP_2
R/W
0x0C
0x00
LED2_
LED1_
RAMP_EN RAMP_EN
LED2_RD
LED2_RU
LED1
R/W
0x0D
0x00
EN
LED2
R/W
0x0E
0x00
EN
ILED2
VIB
R/W
0x0F
0x00
EN
SPEED
Reserved CHG_DET TOP_OFF
TEMP_
REG
CHG_OVP_
RESTART
IN
CHG_REM CHG_DET
TEMP_
REG
CHG_
OVP_IN
WD_EN
UVLO
RESTART
UVLO
FAST_
CHG
LDO1_
HWEN
TEMP_
REG
DONE
CHG
DONE
TOP_OFF
WDOG_
TIMEOUT
TIME_
OUT
CHG
LED2_
FAULT
LED1_
FAULT
LDO1_
HWEN
WDOG_
TIMEOUT
TIME_
OUT
CHG
LED2_
FAULT
LED1_
FAULT
LDO1_
HWEN
RESET OVERTEMP
DONE
TOP_OFF
RESET OVERTEMP
BOOST2_ BOOST1_
LDO4_EN LDO3_EN LDO2_EN LDO1_EN
EN
EN
LDO1
FAST_CHARGE
RESTART
TEMP_REG
TOP_OFF
CCTR
CHG_EN
VSET
ILED1
______________________________________________________________________________________ 27
MAX8939
Table 2. Register Access Types
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 4. CHIP_ID1
REGISTER NAME
CHIP_ID1
Register Pointer
0x00
Reset Value
0x56
Type
R
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
0–7
R
Die type
BCD characters 69
0x56
Table 5. CHIP_ID2
REGISTER NAME
CHIP_ID2
Register Pointer
0x01
Reset Value
0x04
Type
R
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
0–7
R
Mask Revision
BCD characters 01
0x04
Table 6. STATUS
REGISTER NAME
STATUS
Register Pointer
0x02
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
R
1
R
CHG
DONE
2
R
TEMP_REG
3
R
LDO1_HWEN
4
R
FAST_CHG
5
R
TOP_OFF
6
R
7
R
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
Charger disabled
0
Fast-charging complete
0
Charger in thermal regulation
0
Enable pin status
0
Fast charging in progress (CC)
0
Top off in progress (CV)
0
CHG_DET
PWR_ON_CMP asserted by charger detection
0
Reserved
—
0
28 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
EVENT_A
Register Pointer
0x03
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/R&C
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
R
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
Charger disabled caused IRQ
0
1
R&C
CHG
TIME_OUT
FAST_CHG or TOP_OFF timeout caused IRQ
0
2
R&C
WDOG_TIMEOUT
Watchdog timeout caused IRQ
0
3
R&C
TOP_OFF
Entering TOP_OFF (CV) caused IRQ
0
4
R
DONE
Fast-charging complete caused IRQ
0
5
R&C
RESTART
Fast-charging restarted caused IRQ
0
6
R&C
CHG_OVP_IN
Charger input overvoltage caused IRQ
0
7
R
TEMP_REG
Charger in thermal regulation caused IRQ
0
Table 8. EVENT_B
REGISTER NAME
EVENT_B
Register Pointer
0x04
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/R&C
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
R
LDO1_HWEN
Enable pin shift status caused IRQ
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
0
1
R&C
LED1_FAULT
Shorted or open circuitry caused IRQ
0
2
R&C
LED2_FAULT
Shorted or open circuitry caused IRQ
0
3
R
OVERTEMP
Overtemperature caused IRQ
0
4
R&C
RESET
RESET asserted
0
5
R&C
UVLO
Undervoltage lockout caused IRQ
0
6
R
CHG_DET
PWR_ON_CMP asserted by charger detection and caused
IRQ when UVLO upper
0
7
R&C
CHG_REM
Charger removal caused IRQ
0
Note: The EVENT registers hold information about events that have occurred in MAX8939. Events are triggered by a change in the
status registers, which contains the status of the monitored signals. When an EVENT bit is set in the event register the IRQ signal
shall be asserted (unless the IRQ is to be masked by a bit in the IRQ mask register). The IRQ is also masked during the powerup sequence and are not released until the event registers have been read for the first time. The event registers are automatically
cleared during read-out operation automatically. The event registers may be read-out in page mode. New events that occur during
read-out are delayed before they are passed to the event register, ensuring that the host controller does not miss them.
______________________________________________________________________________________ 29
MAX8939
Table 7. EVENT_A
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 9. IRQ_MASK_A
REGISTER NAME
IRQ_MASK_A
Register Pointer
0x03
Reset Value
0xFF
Type
W
BIT
TYPE
0
W
NAME
1
W
CHG
TIME_OUT
2
W
WDOG_TIMEOUT
3
W
4
W
5
6
7
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
Charger disabled
1
FAST_CHG or TOP_OFF timeout caused IRQ
1
Watchdog timeout caused IRQ
1
TOP_OFF
Entering TOP_OFF (CV) caused IRQ
1
DONE
Fast-charging complete caused IRQ
1
W
RESTART
Fast-charging restarted caused IRQ
1
W
CHG_OVP_IN
Charger input overvoltage caused IRQ
1
W
TEMP_REG
Charger in thermal regulation caused IRQ
1
Table 10. IRQ_MASK_B
REGISTER NAME
IRQ_MASK_B
Register Pointer
0x04
Reset Value
0xEF
Type
W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
W
LDO1_HWEN
Enable pin shift status caused IRQ
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
1
1
W
LED1_FAULT
Shorted or open circuitry caused IRQ
1
2
W
LED2_FAULT
Shorted or open circuitry caused IRQ
1
3
W
OVERTEMP
4
W
5
W
RESET
UVLO
6
W
7
W
Overtemperature caused IRQ
1
RESET asserted
1
Undervoltage lockout caused IRQ
1
CHG_DET
PWR_ON_CMP asserted by charger detection and caused
IRQ when UVLO upper
1
CHG_REM
Charger removal caused IRQ
1
30 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
REG_CONTROL
Register Pointer
0x05
Reset Value
0x80
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
0
1
0
0
R/W
LDO1_EN
Disable LDO1
Enable LDO1
1
R/W
LDO2_EN
Disable LDO2
Enable LDO2
0
1
0
2
R/W
LDO3_EN
Disable LDO3
Enable LDO3
0
1
0
3
R/W
LDO4_EN
Disable LDO4
Enable LDO4
0
1
0
4
R/W
BOOST1_EN
Disable BOOST1
Enable BOOST1
0
1
0
5
R/W
BOOST2_EN
Disable BOOST2 (auto ON)
Enable BOOST2
0
1
0
6
R/W
WD_EN
Disable watchdog charger
Enable watchdog charger
0
1
0
7
R/W
LED3_EN
LED3 disabled
LED3 enabled
0
1
1
Table 12. LDO1, LDO2
REGISTER NAME
LDO1, LDO2
Register Pointer
0x06
Reset Value
0x1C
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
R/W
3
DEFAULT
Set LDO1 output voltage.
1
2
DESCRIPTION
LDO1
0000 1.7V
0001 1.8
0010 1.9
0011 2.0
0100 2.1
0101 2.2
0110 2.3
0111 2.4
1000 2.5
1001 2.6
1010 2.7
1011 2.8
1100 2.9
1101 3.0
1110 3.1
1111 3.2
1100 (2.9V)
______________________________________________________________________________________ 31
MAX8939
Table 11. REG_CONTROL
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 12. LDO1, LDO2 (continued)
BIT
TYPE
NAME
4
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
Sets LDO2 output voltage.
5
R/W
LDO2
6
7
0000 1.7V
0001 1.8
0010 1.9
0011 2.0
0100 2.1
0101 2.2
0110 2.3
0111 2.4
1000 2.5
1001 2.6
1010 2.7
1011 2.8
1100 2.9
1101 3.0
1110 3.1
1111 3.2
0001 (1.8V)
Table 13. LDO3, LDO4
REGISTER NAME
LDO3, LDO4
Register Pointer
0x07
Reset Value
0xBB
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
R/W
LDO3
2
3
4
0000 1.7V
0001 1.8
0010 1.9
0011 2.0
0100 2.1
0101 2.2
0110 2.3
0111 2.4
1000 2.5
1001 2.6
1010 2.7
1011 2.8
1100 2.9
1101 3.0
1110 3.1
1111 3.2
1101 (2.8V)
Sets LDO4 output voltage.
5
R/W
7
DEFAULT
Set LDO3 output voltage.
1
6
DESCRIPTION
LDO4
0000 1.7V
0001 1.8
0010 1.9
0011 2.0
0100 2.1
0101 2.2
0110 2.3
0111 2.4
1000 2.5
1001 2.6
1010 2.7
1011 2.8
1100 2.9
1101 3.0
1110 3.1
1111 3.2
32 ��
1011 (2.8V)
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
BOOST1
Register Pointer
0x08
Reset Value
0x0F
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
Set OUT1 voltage.
1
R/W
BOOST1
—
Reserved
2
3
0000 3.5V
0001 3.6
0010 3.7
0011 3.8
0100 3.9
0101 4.0
0110 4.1
0111 4.2
1000 4.3V
1001 4.4
1010 4.5
1011 4.6
1100 4.7
1101 4.8
1110 4.9
1111 5.0
1111 (5.0V)
4
5
—
—
6
7
Table 15. CHG_CONTROL_A
REGISTER NAME
CHG_CONTROL_A
Register Pointer
0x09
Reset Value
0x1F
Type
R/W
BIT
0
TYPE
R/W
NAME
CHG_EN
DESCRIPTION
1
R/W
2
TOP_OFF
DEFAULT
Disable charger
Enable charger
Top-off current threshold
10%
20%
30%
0%
0
1
1
00
01
10
11
11
______________________________________________________________________________________ 33
MAX8939
Table 14. BOOST1
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 15. CHG_CONTROL_A (continued)
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Restart threshold
200mV
300mV
400mV
Disable
Fast-charge current
90mA
270mA
450mA
630mA
765mA
850mA
1020mA
1275mA
3
R/W
RESTART
4
5
6
R/W
FAST_CHARGE
DEFAULT
7
00
01
10
11
11
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
Note: Accessing this register resets the watchdog timer. Fast-charge current values are maximum value. Real current may be
lower by 10%.
Table 16. CHG_CONTROL_B
REGISTER NAME
CHG_CONTROL_B
Register Pointer
0x0A
Reset Value
0x20
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Charge voltage
CCTR
Fast-charge timer for maximum
operation time
60min
120min
240min
Disabled
00
01
10
11
00
Thermal regulation
+70C
+85NC
+100NC
+115NC
00
01
10
11
10
Top-off timer for constrained
operation
30min
60min
120min
Disabled
00
01
10
11
00
2
3
4
R/W
TEMP_REG
5
6
R/W
7
00
VSET
1
R/W
00
01
10
11
3.60
4.15
4.20
4.25
0
R/W
DEFAULT
TOPOFF_TIME
Note: Accessing this register resets the watchdog timer.
34 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
LED_RAMP_1
Register Pointer
0x0B
Reset Value
0x80
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Full-scale ramp time
0s
0.128s
0.256s
0.512s
0.760s
1.000s
2.000s
4.000s
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
Full-scale ramp time
0s
0.128s
0.256s
0.512s
0.760s
1.000s
2.000s
4.000s
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
Maximum output voltage from VIB
driver
1.3V
2.5V
3.0V
Bypass
00
01
10
11
10
0
1
R/W
LED1_RU
2
3
4
R/W
LED1_RD
5
6
R/W
7
VIB_VOLTAGE
DEFAULT
______________________________________________________________________________________ 35
MAX8939
Table 17. LED_RAMP_1
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 18. LED_RAMP_2
REGISTER NAME
LED_RAMP_2
Register Pointer
0x0C
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
0
1
DEFAULT
0s
0.128s
0.256s
0.512s
0.760s
1.000s
2.000s
4.000s
0s
0.128s
0.256s
0.512s
0.760s
1.000s
2.000s
4.000s
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
R/W
LED2_RU
Full-scale ramp time
R/W
LED2_RD
Full-scale ramp time
6
R/W
LED1_RAMP_EN
Disable LED1 RAMP
Enable LED1 RAMP
0
1
0
7
R/W
LED2_RAMP_EN
Disable LED2 RAMP
Enable LED2 RAMP
0
1
0
2
3
4
5
36 ��
000
000
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
LED1
Register Pointer
0x0D
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
1
2
3
R/W
ILED1
R/W
EN
4
5
6
7
DESCRIPTION
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1A
0x1B
0x1C
0x1D
0x1E
0x1F
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27
0x28
0x29
0x2A
0.05mA
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.35
1.45
1.60
1.75
1.85
2.00
2.15
2.30
2.45
2.60
2.75
2.9
3.05
3.2
3.35
3.5
3.65
3.85
4
4.15
4.35
4.55
4.7
4.9
5.05
5.25
5.45
5.6
5.8
5.95
0x2B
0x2C
0x2D
0x2E
0x2F
0x30
0x31
0x32
0x33
0x34
0x35
0x36
0x37
0x38
0x39
0x3A
0x3B
0x3C
0x3D
0x3E
0x3F
0x40
0x41
0x42
0x43
0x44
0x45
0x46
0x47
0x48
0x49
0x4A
0x4B
0x4C
0x4D
0x4E
0x4F
0x50
0x51
0x52
0x53
0x54
0x55
6.15mA
6.35
6.50
6.70
6.90
7.10
7.30
7.45
7.65
7.85
8.05
8.25
8.45
8.65
8.85
9.05
9.25
9.45
9.65
9.90
10.1
10.3
10.5
10.7
10.9
11.15
11.35
11.55
11.8
12.00
12.20
12.45
12.65
12.85
13.10
13.30
13.55
13.75
14.00
14.20
14.45
14.65
14.90
Disable LED1
Enable LED1
DEFAULT
0x56
0x57
0x58
0x59
0x5A
0x5B
0x5C
0x5D
0x5E
0x5F
0x60
0x61
0x62
0x63
0x64
0x65
0x66
0x67
0x68
0x69
0x6A
0x6B
0x6C
0x6D
0x6E
0x6F
0x70
0x71
0x72
0x73
0x74
0x75
0x76
0x77
0x78
0x79
0x7A
0x7B
0x7C
0x7D
0x7E
0x7F
15.15mA
15.35
15.60
15.80
16.05
16.30
16.50
16.75
17.00
17.25
17.45
17.70
17.95
18.20
18.45
18.65
18.90
19.15
19.40
19.65
19.90
20.15
20.40
20.65
20.90
21.15
21.40
21.65
21.90
22.15
22.40
22.65
22.90
23.15
23.40
23.70
23.95
24.20
24.45
24.70
25.00
25.25
0
1
0000000
0
______________________________________________________________________________________ 37
MAX8939
Table 19. LED1
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Table 20. LED2
REGISTER NAME
LED2
Register Pointer
0x0E
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
1
2
3
R/W
ILED2
R/W
EN
4
5
6
7
DESCRIPTION
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1A
0x1B
0x1C
0x1D
0x1E
0x1F
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27
0x28
0x29
0x2A
0.05mA
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.35
1.45
1.60
1.75
1.85
2.00
2.15
2.30
2.45
2.60
2.75
2.90
3.05
3.20
3.35
3.50
3.65
3.85
4.00
4.15
4.35
4.55
4.70
4.90
5.05
5.25
5.45
5.60
5.80
5.95
0x2B
0x2C
0x2D
0x2E
0x2F
0x30
0x31
0x32
0x33
0x34
0x35
0x36
0x37
0x38
0x39
0x3A
0x3B
0x3C
0x3D
0x3E
0x3F
0x40
0x41
0x42
0x43
0x44
0x45
0x46
0x47
0x48
0x49
0x4A
0x4B
0x4C
0x4D
0x4E
0x4F
0x50
0x51
0x52
0x53
0x54
0x55
6.15mA
6.35
6.50
6.70
6.90
7.10
7.30
7.45
7.65
7.85
8.05
8.25
8.45
8.65
8.85
9.05
9.25
9.45
9.65
9.90
10.10
10.30
10.50
10.70
10.90
11.15
11.35
11.55
11.80
12.00
12.20
12.45
12.65
12.85
13.10
13.30
13.55
13.75
14.00
14.20
14.45
14.65
14.90
Disable LED2
Enable LED2
DEFAULT
0x56
0x57
0x58
0x59
0x5A
0x5B
0x5C
0x5D
0x5E
0x5F
0x60
0x61
0x62
0x63
0x64
0x65
0x66
0x67
0x68
0x69
0x6A
0x6B
0x6C
0x6D
0x6E
0x6F
0x70
0x71
0x72
0x73
0x74
0x75
0x76
0x77
0x78
0x79
0x7A
0x7B
0x7C
0x7D
0x7E
0x7F
15.15mA
15.35
15.60
15.80
16.05
16.30
16.50
16.75
17.00
17.25
17.45
17.70
17.95
18.20
18.45
18.65
18.90
19.15
19.40
19.65
19.90
20.15
20.40
20.65
20.90
21.15
21.40
21.65
21.90
22.15
22.40
22.65
22.90
23.15
23.40
23.70
23.95
24.20
24.45
24.70
25.00
25.25
0
1
38 ��
0000000
0
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REGISTER NAME
VIB
Register Pointer
0x0F
Reset Value
0x00
Type
R/W
BIT
TYPE
NAME
0
1
2
3
R/W
SPEED
R/W
EN
4
5
6
7
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1A
0x1B
0x1C
0x1D
0x1E
0x1F
0x20
0.00%
1.19
2.38
3.57
4.76
5.95
7.14
8.33
9.52
10.7
11.9
13.0
14.2
15.4
16.6
17.8
19.0
20.2
21.4
22.6
23.8
25.0
26.1
27.3
28.5
29.7
30.9
32.1
33.3
34.5
35.7
36.9
38.0
DESCRIPTION
0x21
39.2%
0x22
40.4
0x23
41.6
0x24
42.8
0x25
44
0x26
45.2
0x27
46.4
0x28
47.6
0x29
48.8
0x2A
50.0
0x2B
51.1
0x2C
52.3
0x2D
53.5
0x2E
54.7
0x2F
55.9
0x30
57.1
0x31
58.3
0x32
59.5
0x33
60.7
0x34
61.9
0x35
63.0
0x36
64.2
0x37
65.4
0x38
66.6
0x39
67.8
0x3A
69.0
0x3B
70.2
0x3C
71.4
0x3D
72.6
0x3E
73.8
0x3F
75.0
0x40
76.1
0x41
77.3
Disable VIB
Enable VIB
DEFAULT
0x42
0x43
0x44
0x45
0x46
...
0xFF
78.5%
79.7
80.9
82.1
100
100
0000000
0
1
0
______________________________________________________________________________________ 39
MAX8939
Table 21. VIB
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Applications Information
Inductor Selection
The OUT1 step-up converter is designed to use a 2.2FH
to 10FH inductor (see Table 22). To prevent core saturation, ensure that the inductor saturation current rating
exceeds the peak inductor current for the application.
Calculate the worst-case peak inductor current with the
following formula:
IPEAK =
VOUT × IOUT(MAX)
0.9 × VIN(MIN)
+
VIN(MIN) × 0.5Fs
2×L
The OUT2 LED driver is optimized for using a 10FH
inductor, although larger or smaller inductors may be
used. Using a smaller inductance results in discontinuous current mode operation over a larger range of output
power, whereas use of a larger inductance results in
continuous conduction for most of the operating range.
To prevent core saturation, ensure that the inductor’s
saturation current rating exceeds the peak inductor current for the application. For larger inductor values and
continuous conduction operation, calculate the worstcase peak inductor current with the following formula:
IPEAK =
VOUT × IOUT(MAX)
0.9 × VIN(MIN)
+
VIN(MIN) × 0.5Fs
2×L
For small values of L in discontinuous conduction operation, IPEAK is 860mA (typ). Table 23 provides a list of
recommended inductors.
Capacitor Selection
Ceramic capacitors are recommended due to their low
ESR. Ensure that the capacitor maintains its capacitance over temperature and DC bias. Generally ceramic
capacitors with X5R or X7R temperature characteristics
perform well. Note that some small size ceramic capacitors fail to maintain their capacitance when a DC bias is
applied and should be avoided. Place the capacitors as
close as possible to the IC.
The recommended input and output capacitor values are
shown in Figure 1, however, larger value capacitors can
be used to further reduce ripple at the expense of size
and higher cost.
Compensation
The OUT1 step-up converter is compensated for stability through an external compensation network from
COMP1 to ground. A 2200pF ceramic capacitor is recommended.
The OUT2 LED driver is compensated for stability
through an external compensation network from COMP2
to ground. A 0.22FF ceramic capacitor is recommended
for most applications. Higher CCOMP2 values increase
soft-start duration, as well as the time delay between
enabling the step-up converter to initiating soft-start. See
the Soft-Start OUT2 section for more information.
Table 22. Recommended Inductors for L1
MANUFACTURER
Cooper (Coiltronics)
FDK
TDK
TOKO
PART
INDUCTANCE
(µH)
DCR
(mI)
ISAT
(A)
DIMENSIONS
(LTYP x WTYP x HMAX) (mm)
SD3114
2.2
110
1.74
3.0 x 3.0 x 1.45
MIPF2520
2.2
80
1.3
2.5 x 2.0 x 1.0
MIPW3226
2.2
100
1.1
3.2 x 2.6 x 1.0
VLS3012ET
VLS3010T
2.2
10
80
390
1.35
0.65
3 x 3 x 1.2
3 x 3 x 1.0
DE2812C
2.7
75
1.8
3.0 x 3.2 x 1.2
DE2812C
10
325
0.78
3.0 x 3.2 x 1.2
DCR
(mI)
ISAT
(A)
DIMENSIONS
(LTYP x WTYP x HMAX) (mm)
Table 23. Recommended Inductors for L2
MANUFACTURER
TOKO
FDK
PART
INDUCTANCE
(µH)
1098AS-100M
10
290
0.75
2.8 x 3.0 x 1.2
1069AS-220M
22
570
0.47
3 x 3 x 1.8
MIP3226D100M
10
160
0.9
3.2 x 2.6 x 1.0
40 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
PCB Layout
Due to fast switching waveforms and high current paths,
careful PCB layout is required. Minimize trace lengths
between the IC and the inductor, the diode, the input
capacitor, and the output capacitor. Minimize trace
lengths between the input and output capacitors and
the MAX8939 ground terminal, and place input and
output capacitor grounds as close together as possible.
Use separate power ground and analog ground copper
areas, and connect them together at the output capacitor
ground. Keep traces short, direct, and wide.
Keep noisy traces, such as the LX_ node trace, away from
sensitive analog circuitry. For improved thermal performance, maximize the copper area of the LX_ and PGND_
traces. Refer to the MAX8939 Evaluation Kit for an example layout.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Typical Operating Circuit
CHG_IN
DC/USB
1µ F
USB
TRANSCEIVER
TO SYSTEM LOAD
BATT
22µH
CHG
OPEN
22µF
PGND1
SAFE_OUT
Li+
BATTERY
10µF
LX1
2200pF
1µF
COMP1
LED3
5V/700mA
OUT1
CHG_MON
AUDIO AMPLIFIER
22µF
PWR_ON_CMP
LDO1
SCL
BROADBAND
PROCESSOR
4.7µF
SDA
IRQ
LDO1_EN
RESET_IN
MAX8939
10µF
BATT
eMMC_EN
LX2
22µF
OUT2
0.22µF
CAMERA
DIGITAL SUPPLY
1.8V/200mA
LDO2
1µF
MMC CARD
ANALOG 2.8V/100mA
LDO4
1µ F
1µF
DISPLAY
BACKLIGHT
2.9V/400mA
PGND2
BLUETOOTH/FMR
COMBO, GPS
ANALOG
2.8V/200mA
LDO3
DISPLAY
22µF
COMP2
INVIB
BATT
1µ F
KEYPAD
BACKLIGHT
LED1
LED2
OUTVIB
REF
AGND
PWM SWITCH
DRIVER
VIBRATOR
1 µF
0.1µF
______________________________________________________________________________________ 41
MAX8939
Diode Selection
The OUT2 LED converter uses an external rectifier diode.
A Schottky diode is recommended due to its fast recovery time and low forward voltage drop. Ensure that the
diode’s average and peak current rating exceeds the
average output current and peak inductor current. In
addition, the diode’s reverse breakdown voltage must
exceed the maximum VOUT2.
MAX8939
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”,
or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
OUTLINE NO.
LAND PATTERN NO.
30 WLP
W302A3+2
21-0016
Refer to Application Note 1891
42 ��
System Power Management
for Mobile Handset
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
5/11
DESCRIPTION
Initial release
PAGES
CHANGED
—
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2011
Maxim Integrated Products 43
Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX8939
Revision History

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