TS TSC2004 ® C20 04 SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 1.2V to 3.6V, 12-Bit, Nanopower, 4-Wire TOUCH SCREEN CONTROLLER with I2C™ Interface FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • 1 23 • • • • • • 4-Wire Touch Screen Interface Ratiometric Conversion Single 1.2V to 3.6V Supply Preprocessing to Reduce Bus Activity High-Speed I2C-Compatible Interface Internal Detection of Screen Touch Register-Based Programmable: – 10-Bit or 12-Bit Resolution – Sampling Rates – System Timing On-Chip Temperature Measurement Touch Pressure Measurement Auto Power-Down Control Low Power: – 760µW at 1.8V, 50SSPS – 580µW at 1.6V, 50SSPS – 285µW at 1.2V, 50SSPS – 74µW at 1.6V, 8.2kSPS Eq. Rate – 47µW at 1.2V, 8.2kSPS Eq. Rate Enhanced ESD Protection: – ±8kV HBM – ±1kV CDM – ±25kV Air Gap Discharge – ±12kV Contact Discharge 2.5 x 2.5 WCSP-18 and 4 x 4 QFN-20 Packages Cellular Phones Portable Instruments MP3 Players, Pagers Multiscreen Touch Control DESCRIPTION The TSC2004 is a very low-power touch screen controller designed to work with power-sensitive, handheld applications that are based on advanced low-voltage processors. It works with a supply voltage as low as 1.2V, which can be supplied by a single-cell battery. It contains a complete, ultralow-power, 12-bit, analog-to-digital (A/D) resistive touch screen converter, including drivers and the control logic to measure touch pressure. In addition to these standard features, the TSC2004 offers preprocessing of the touch screen measurements to reduce bus loading, thus reducing the consumption of host processor resources that can then be redirected to more critical functions. The TSC2004 supports an I2C serial bus and data transmission protocol in all three defined modes: standard, fast, and high-speed. It offers programmable resolution of 10 or 12 bits to accommodate different screen sizes and performance needs. The TSC2004 is available in a miniature, 18-lead, 5 x 5 array, (2.554 ±0.54)mm x (2.554 ±0.54)mm wafer chip-scale package (WCSP), and a 20-pin, 4 x 4 QFN package. Both packages are characterized for the –40°C to +85°C industrial temperature range. U.S. Patent No. 6,246,394; other patents pending. PENIRQ VREF Touch Screen Drivers Interface Mux SAR ADC TEMP AUX Internal Clock Pre-Processing X+ XY+ Y- DAV PINTDAV SCL I2C Serial Interface and Control SDA AD0 AD1 RESET 1 2 3 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. I2C is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ORDERING INFORMATION (1) PRODUCT TSC2004 (1) TYPICAL INTEGRAL LINEARITY (LSB) –0.8 to +1.4 TYPICAL GAIN ERROR (LSB) NO MISSING CODES RESOLUTION (BITS) +0.1 11 PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE DESIGNATOR SPECIFIED TEMPERATURE RANGE PACKAGE MARKING 20-Pin, 0.8 x 4 x 4 Thin QFN RTJ –40°C to +85°C TSC2004I 18-Pin, 5 x 5 Matrix, 2.5 x 2.5 DSBGA (WCSP) YZK –40°C to +85°C ORDERING NUMBER TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY TSC2004IRTJT Small Tape and Reel, 250 TSC2004IRTJR Tape and Reel, 3000 TSC2004IYZKT Small Ta\pe and Reel, 250 TSC2004IYZKR Tape and Reel, 3000 TSC2004I For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum located at the end of this data sheet, or see the TI website at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). Voltage range TSC2004 UNIT Analog input X+, Y+, AUX to SNSGND –0.4 to SNSVDD + 0.1 V Analog input X–, Y– to SNSGND –0.4 to SNSVDD + 0.1 V SNSVDD to SNSGND –0.3 to 5 V SNSVDD to AGND –0.3 to 5 V I/OVDD to DGND –0.3 to 5 V –2.40 to +0.3 V Digital input voltage to DGND –0.3 to I/OVDD + 0.3 V Digital output voltage to DGND –0.3 to I/OVDD + 0.3 V SNSVDD to I/OVDD Power dissipation Thermal impedance, θJA (TJ Max - TA)/θJA WCSP package Low-K 113 °C/W High-K 62 °C/W 39.97 °C/W Operating free-air temperature range, TA –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature range, TSTG –65 to +150 °C QFN package +150 °C Vapor phase (60 sec) +215 °C Infrared (15 sec) +220 °C IEC contact discharge (2) X+, X–, Y+, Y– ±12 kV IEC air discharge (2) X+, X–, Y+, Y– ±25 kV Junction temperature, TJ Max Lead temperature (1) (2) 2 Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Test method based on IEC standard 61000-4-2. Contact Texas Instruments for test details. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD (1) = +1.2V to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. TSC2004 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT AUXILIARY ANALOG INPUT Input voltage range 0 Input capacitance VREF 12 Input leakage current –1 V pF +1 µA 12 Bits A/D CONVERTER Resolution Programmable: 10 or 12 bits No missing codes 12-bit resolution 11 Integral linearity Differential linearity Offset error Gain error SNSVDD = 1.6V, VREF = 1.6V, High-Speed mode, filter off TSC2004IRTJ SNSVDD = 1.6V, VREF = 1.6V, High-Speed mode, filter off TSC2004IRTJ Bits –3 –0.8 to +1.4 +3 LSB (2) –2 –0.6 to +0.7 +4 LSB –5 2.2 5 LSB TSC2004IYZK 2.2 –3 TSC2004IYZK 0.1 LSB +3 0.1 LSB REFERENCE INPUT VREF range 1.2 VREF input current drain Non-continuous AUX mode, SNSVDD = VREF = 1.6V, TA = +25°C, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode Input impedance A/D converter not converting SNSVDD V 1.2 µA 1 GΩ TA = +25°C, SNSVDD = VREF = 1.6V 47 kΩ Y+, X+ TA = +25°C, SNSVDD = VREF = 1.6V 6 Ω Y–, X– TA = +25°C, SNSVDD = VREF = 1.6V 5 Ω TOUCH SENSORS PENIRQ 50kΩ pull-up resistor, RIRQ Switch on-resistance Switch drivers drive current (3) 100ms duration 50 mA INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR Temperature range –40 Differential method (4) Resolution TEMP1 (5) Differential method (4) Accuracy TEMP1 (5) +85 °C SNSVDD = 1.6V 0.3 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 3V 1.6 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 1.6V 0.3 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 3V 1.6 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 1.6V ±3 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 3V ±2 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 1.6V ±3 °C/LSB SNSVDD = 3V ±2 °C/LSB INTERNAL OSCILLATOR SNSVDD = 1.2V, TA = +25°C Clock frequency, fOSC 3.2 SNSVDD = 1.6V 3.3 SNSVDD = 3.0V, TA = +25°C Frequency drift (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 3.7 MHz 4.3 MHz 4.1 MHz SNSVDD = 1.2V 0.118 %/°C SNSVDD = 1.6V –0.018 %/°C SNSVDD = 3.0V –0.032 %/°C I/OVDD must be ≤ SNSVDD. LSB means Least Significant Bit. With VREF = +2.5V, one LSB is 610µV. Assured by design, but not tested. Exceeding 50mA source current may result in device degradation. Difference between TEMP1 and TEMP2 measurement; no calibration necessary. Temperature drift is –2.1mV/°C. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 3 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. TSC2004 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT Logic family CMOS VIH VIL Logic level 1.2V ≤ I/OVDD < 1.6V 0.7 × I/OVDD I/OVDD + 0.3 V 1.6V ≤ I/OVDD ≤ 3.6V 0.7 × I/OVDD I/OVDD + 0.3 V 1.2V ≤ I/OVDD < 1.6V –0.3 0.2 × I/OVDD V 1.6V ≤ I/OVDD ≤ 3.6V –0.3 0.3 × I/OVDD V –1 1 µA IIL SCL and SDA pins CIN SCL and SDA pins 10 pF VOH IOH = 2 TTL loads I/OVDD – 0.2 I/OVDD V VOL IOL = 2 TTL loads 0 0.2 V ILEAK Floating output –1 1 µA COUT Floating output 10 pF 1.2 3.6 V 1.2 SNSVDD V 625 µA Data format Straight Binary POWER-SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS Power-supply voltage SNSVDD Specified performance I/OVDD (6) Filter off, M = W = 1, C[3:0] = (1,0,0,0), RM = 1, CL[1:0] = (0,1), cont AUX mode, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode, without reading data register Quiescent supply current (7) (8) SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V 506 TA = +25°C, filter on, M = 15, W = 7, PSM = 1, C[3:0] = (0,0,0,0), RM = 1, CL[1:0] = (0,1), BTD[2:0] = (1,0,1), 50SSPS, MAVEX = MAVEY = MAVEZ = 1, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode, sensor drivers supply included SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V 237 µA 364 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V 797 µA TA = +25°C, filter off, M = W = 1, PSM = 1, C[3:0] = (0,0,0,0), RM = 1, CL[1:0] = (0,1), BTD[2:0] = (1,0,1), 50SSPS, MAVEX = MAVEY = MAVEZ = 1, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode, sensor drivers supply included SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V 237 µA 342 µA 757 µA 176 µA 268 µA TA = +25°C, filter on, M = 7, W = 3, C[3:0] = (0,1,0,1), RM = 1, CL[1:0] = (0,1), MAVEAUX = 1, non-cont AUX mode, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode, reduced speed (8.2kSPS equivalent rate) (6) (7) (8) 4 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V x x SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V x SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V TA = +25°C, filter off, M = W = 1, C[3:0] = (0,1,0,1), RM = 1, CL[1:0] SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V = (0,1), non-cont AUX mode, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V TA = +25°C, filter on, M = 7, W = 3, C[3:0] = (0,1,0,1), RM = 1, CL[1:0] = (0,1), MAVEAUX = 1, non-cont AUX mode, fADC = 2MHz, High-Speed mode, full speed Power-down supply current x 526 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V, ~10.3kSPS effective rate 347 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V, ~11.8kSPS effective rate 468 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V, ~12.3kSPS effective rate 897 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V, ~1.17kSPS effective rate 39.4 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V, ~1.17kSPS effective rate 46.4 µA SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V, ~1.17kSPS effective rate 85.3 µA TA = +25°C, Not addressed, SCL = SDA = 1, SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V 0.023 0.8 µA I/OVDD must be ≤ SNSVDD. Supply current from SNSVDD. For detailed information on test condition parameter and bit settings, see the Digital Interface section. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 PIN CONFIGURATIONS RTJ PACKAGE(1) QFN-20 (TOP VIEW) SUBGND Y+ X+ SNSVDD VREF YZK PACKAGE WCSP-18 (TOP VIEW, SOLDER BUMPS ON BOTTOM SIDE) 15 14 13 12 11 AGND VREF AUX NC I/OVDD NC DGND AD1 SNSVDD X+ Y+ SUBGND X- NC NC Y- NC NC SNSGND SCL SDA AD0 C D E 5 4 16 10 AGND Y- 17 9 AUX SNSGND 18 8 NC NC 19 7 I/OVDD AD0 20 6 DGND TSC2004 Thermal Pad Rows X- 3 2 PINTDAV RESET 1 (1) 5 A RESET 4 PINTDAV 3 AD1 2 SCL SDA 1 B Columns (FRONT VIEW) The thermal pad is internally connected to SUBGND. The thermal pad can be connected to the analog ground or left floating. Keep the thermal pad separate from the digital ground, if possible. PIN ASSIGNMENTS PIN NO. QFN WCSP PIN NAME I/O A/D DESCRIPTION 1 D1 SDA I/O D Serial data I/O 2 C1 SCL I D Serial clock. 3 B2 AD1 I D Address input bit 1 4 A1 PINTDAV O D Interrupt output. Data available or PENIRQ, depending on setting. Pin polarity with active low. 5 B1 RESET I D System reset. All register values reset to default values. 6 A2 DGND Digital ground 7 A3 I/OVDD Digital I/O interface voltage 8, 19 B3, B4, C2, C3, D2, D3 NC 9 A4 AUX 10 A5 AGND 11 B5 VREF 12 C5 SNSVDD 13 D5 14 No internal connection, but solder bumps are populated. These pins may be connected to analog ground for mechanical stability. I A Auxiliary channel input I A X+ I A X+ channel input E5 Y+ I A Y+ channel input 15 D4 SUBGND 16 E4 X– I A X– channel input 17 E3 Y– I A Y– channel input 18 E2 SNSGND 20 E1 AD0 I D — C4 NC Analog ground External reference input Power supply for sensor drivers and other analog blocks. Substrate ground (for ESD current). Connection to AGND (on the PCB) is recommended. Sensor driver return Address input bit 0 No solder bump for this location. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 5 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TIMING INFORMATION S Sr P S SDA tSU, STA tSU, DAT tBUF tHD, STA tHD, DAT tLOW SCL tSU, STO tHIGH tHD, STA tR tF S = START Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition P = STOP Condition = Resistor Pull-Up Figure 1. Detailed I/O Timing for Standard and Fast Modes Sr Sr P tFDA tRDA SDA tHD, DAT tSU, STA tHD, STA tSU, STO tSU, DAT SCL tFCL tRCL1(1) tHIGH tLOW tRCL1(1) tRCL tLOW tHIGH = Current Source Pull-Up = Resistor Pull-Up Sr = Repeated START Condition P = STOP Condition NOTE: (1) First rising edge of the SCL signal after Sr and after each acknowledge bit. Figure 2. Detailed I/O Timing for High-Speed Mode 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TIMING REQUIREMENTS for Figure 1: I2C Standard Mode (fSCL = 100kHz) (1) All specifications typical at –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. 2-WIRE STANDARD MODE PARAMETERS Reset low time (2) TEST CONDITIONS tWL(RESET) SCL clock frequency fSCL Bus free time between a STOP and START condition tBUF Hold time (repeated) START condition tHD, Low period of SCL clock tLOW High period of the SCL clock MIN SNSVDD ≥ 1.6V 10 1.2V ≤ SNSVDD < 1.6V 13 MAX UNIT µs µs 100 kHz 4.7 µs 4.0 µs 4.7 µs tHIGH 4.0 µs Setup time for a repeated START condition tSU, STA 4.7 Data hold time tHD, DAT 0 Data setup time tSU, DAT 250 Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals tR Cb = total bus capacitance 1000 Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals tF Cb = total bus capacitance 300 Setup time for STOP condition tSU, Capacitive load for each bus line Cb Pulse width of spike suppressed tSP (1) (2) STA µs 3.45 ns Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF N/A ns ns µs 4.0 STO µs 400 pF N/A ns MAX UNIT All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 5ns (30% to 70% of I/OVDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. Refer to Figure 38. TIMING REQUIREMENTS for Figure 1: I2C Fast Mode (fSCL = 400kHz) (1) All specifications typical at –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. 2-WIRE FAST MODE PARAMETERS TEST CONDITIONS Reset low time (2) tWL(RESET) SCL clock frequency fSCL Bus free time between a STOP and START condition tBUF Hold time (repeated) START condition tHD, Low period of SCL clock High period of the SCL clock MIN SNSVDD ≥ 1.6V 10 1.2V ≤ SNSVDD < 1.6V 13 µs µs 400 kHz 1.3 µs 0.6 µs tLOW 1.3 µs tHIGH 0.6 µs Setup time for a repeated START condition tSU, STA 0.6 Data hold time tHD, DAT 0 Data setup time tSU, DAT 100 Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals tR Cb = total bus capacitance 20 + 0.1 × Cb 300 Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals tF Cb = total bus capacitance 20 + 0.1 × Cb 300 Setup time for STOP condition tSU, Capacitive load for each bus line Cb Pulse width of spike suppressed tSP (1) (2) STA µs 0.9 ns Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF 0 ns ns µs 0.6 STO µs 400 pF 50 ns All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 5ns (30% to 70% of I/OVDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. Refer to Figure 38. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 7 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TIMING REQUIREMENTS for Figure 2: I2C High-Speed Mode (fSCL = 1.7MHz) (1) All specifications typical at –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. 2-WIRE HIGH-SPEED MODE PARAMETERS Reset low time (2) TEST CONDITIONS tWL(RESET) MIN SNSVDD ≥ 1.6V 10 1.2V ≤ SNSVDD < 1.6V 13 MAX UNIT µs µs SCL clock frequency fSCL Hold time (repeated) START condition tHD, 160 ns Low period of SCL clock tLOW 320 ns High period of the SCL clock tHIGH 120 ns Setup time for a repeated START condition tSU, STA 160 Data hold time tHD, DAT 0 Data setup time tSU, DAT 10 Rise time of SCL signal tRCL Cb = total bus capacitance 20 80 ns Rise time of SDA signal tRDA Cb = total bus capacitance 20 160 ns Fall time of SCL signal tFCL Cb = total bus capacitance 20 80 ns Fall time of SDA signal tFDA Cb = total bus capacitance 20 160 ns Rise time of SCL signal after a repeated START condition and after an acknowledge bit tRCL1 Cb = total bus capacitance 20 160 ns Setup time for STOP condition tSU, Capacitive load for each bus line Cb 400 pF Pulse width of spike suppressed tSP 10 ns (1) (2) 1.7 STA ns 150 Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF 0 ns ns 160 STO MHz ns All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 5ns (30% to 70% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. Refer to Figure 38. TIMING REQUIREMENTS for Figure 2: I2C High-Speed Mode (fSCL = 3.4MHz) (1) All specifications typical at –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = I/OVDD = +1.2V (2) to +3.6V, unless otherwise noted. 2-WIRE HIGH-SPEED MODE PARAMETERS TEST CONDITIONS MIN SNSVDD ≥ 1.6V 10 1.2V ≤ SNSVDD < 1.6V 13 MAX UNIT µs Reset low time (3) tWL(RESET) SCL clock frequency fSCL Hold time (repeated) START condition tHD, 160 ns Low period of SCL clock tLOW 160 ns High period of the SCL clock tHIGH 60 ns Setup time for a repeated START condition tSU, STA 160 Data hold time tHD, DAT 0 Data setup time tSU, DAT 10 Rise time of SCL signal tRCL Cb = total bus capacitance 10 40 ns Rise time of SDA signal tRDA Cb = total bus capacitance 10 80 ns Fall time of SCL signal tFCL Cb = total bus capacitance 10 40 ns Fall time of SDA signal tFDA Cb = total bus capacitance 10 80 ns Rise time of SCL signal after a repeated START condition and after an acknowledge bit tRCL1 Cb = total bus capacitance 10 80 ns Setup time for STOP condition tSU, Capacitive load for each bus line Cb 100 pF Pulse width of spike suppressed tSP 10 ns (1) (2) (3) 8 µs 3.4 STA ns 70 Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF 0 ns ns 160 STO MHz ns All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 5ns (30% to 70% of I/OVDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. Because of the low supply voltage of 1.2V and the wide temperature range of –40°C to +85°C, the I2C system devices may not reach the maximum specification of I2C High-Speed mode, and fSCL may not reach 3.4Mhz. Refer to Figure 38. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, fADC = fOSC/2, High-Speed mode (fSCL = 3.4MHz), 12-bit mode, and non-continuous AUX measurement, unless otherwise noted. CHANGE IN OFFSET vs TEMPERATURE CHANGE IN GAIN vs TEMPERATURE 1.5 1.5 SNSVDD = IOVDD = VREF SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF 1.0 Delta from +25°C (LSB) Delta from +25°C (LSB) 1.0 0.5 SNSVDD = 1.6V 0 SNSVDD = 3.0V -0.5 SNSVDD = 1.2V -1.0 SNSVDD = 1.2V 0 -0.5 SNSVDD = 1.6V -1.0 -1.5 -1.5 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 3. Figure 4. SNSVDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE SNSVDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 650 80 100 3.2 3.6 1.00 I/OVDD = SNSVDD = VREF SNSVDD = 3.0V SNSVDD Supply Current (mA) SNSVDD Supply Current (mA) SNSVDD = 3.0V 0.5 550 450 350 SNSVDD = 1.6V 250 150 SNSVDD = 1.2V I/OVDD = SNSVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 0.75 fADC = 1MHz 0.50 fADC = 2MHz 0.25 50 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 Temperature (°C) 60 80 100 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 SNSVDD (V) Figure 5. Figure 6. SNSVDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE SNSVDD Supply Current (mA) 1.2 1.0 I/OVDD = SNSVDD = VREF TA = +25°C tPVS, tPRE, tSNS = default values TSC-Initiated Mode Scan X, Y, Z at 50SSPS 0.8 M = 15, W = 7(1) 0.6 M = 1, W = 1(1) 0.4 Touch Sensor Modeled By: 2kW for Y-Plane 2kW for Y-Plane 1kW for Z (Touch Resistance)(2) 0.2 0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 SNSVDD (V) (1) See Table 1 (2) See Figure 26 Figure 7. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 9 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, fADC = fOSC/2, High-Speed mode (fSCL = 3.4MHz), 12-bit mode, and non-continuous AUX measurement, unless otherwise noted. POWER-DOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE POWER-DOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 60 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF Power-Down Supply Current (nA) Power-Down Supply Current (nA) 1000 800 SNSVDD = 3.0V 600 SNSVDD = 3.6V 400 200 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 45 30 15 SNSVDD = 1.6V 0 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.2 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 SNSVDD (V) Figure 8. Figure 9. I/OVDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE I/OVDD SUPPLY CURRENT vs I/OVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 25 3.6 80 I/OVDD Supply Current (mA) I/OVDD = SNSVDD = VREF I/OVDD Supply Current (mA) 1.6 Temperature (°C) 20 I/OVDD = 1.6V 15 10 I/OVDD = 1.2V 5 I/OVDD = SNSVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 70 60 50 fADC = 2MHz 40 fADC = 1MHz 30 20 10 0 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 Temperature (°C) 60 80 100 1.2 2.4 2.8 3.2 Figure 10. Figure 11. REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 3.6 4.0 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF Reference Input Current (mA) Reference Input Current (mA) 2.0 I/OVDD (V) 2.0 1.5 SNSVDD = 1.6V 1.0 SNSVDD = 1.2V 0.5 0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 -40 10 1.6 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 Temperature (°C) SNSVDD (V) Figure 12. Figure 13. Submit Documentation Feedback 2.8 3.2 3.6 Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, fADC = fOSC/2, High-Speed mode (fSCL = 3.4MHz), 12-bit mode, and non-continuous AUX measurement, unless otherwise noted. SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs TEMPERATURE SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs TEMPERATURE 7 9 X+ Y+ 6 Y+ 8 RON (W) RON (W) 4 X- Y- X- 3 Y5 3 X+, Y+: SNSVDD = 3V to Pin X-, Y-: Pin to GND 1 -40 0 -20 60 80 100 -40 TEMP Diode Voltage (mV) Y+ X+ X- 6 Y5 X+, Y+: SNSVDD to Pin X-, Y-: Pin to GND TA = +25°C 590 588 750 80 95.3mV TEMP2 650 600 TEMP1 550 138.2mV 500 I/OVDD = SNSVDD = 3V VREF = 2.5V 400 SNSVDD (V) 20 40 Temperature (°C) Figure 16. Figure 17. TEMP1 DIODE VOLTAGE vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE TEMP2 DIODE VOLTAGE vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1.6 2.0 100 Measurement Includes A/D Converter Offset and Gain Errors 700 450 2.4 SNSVDD = IOVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 2.8 3.2 -40 3.6 Measurement Includes A/D Converter Offset and Gain Errors 586 584 582 580 578 706 TEMP2 Diode Voltage (mV) 1.2 60 TEMP DIODE VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE 800 3 20 40 Temperature (°C) SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 10 4 0 Figure 15. 850 7 -20 Figure 14. 11 8 X+, Y+: SNSVDD = 1.8V to Pin X-, Y-: Pin to GND 2 20 40 Temperature (°C) 9 RON (W) 6 4 2 TEMP1 Diode Voltage (mV) X+ 7 5 704 -20 0 SNSVDD = IOVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 60 80 100 Measurement Includes A/D Converter Offset and Gain Errors 702 700 698 696 694 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 SNSVDD (V) SNSVDD (V) Figure 18. Figure 19. 2.8 3.2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 3.6 11 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = –40°C to +85°C, SNSVDD = VREF = +1.2V to +3.6V, I/OVDD = +1.2V to +3.6V, fADC = fOSC/2, High-Speed mode (fSCL = 3.4MHz), 12-bit mode, and non-continuous AUX measurement, unless otherwise noted. INTERNAL OSCILLATOR CLOCK FREQUENCY vs TEMPERATURE INTERNAL OSCILLATOR CLOCK FREQUENCY vs TEMPERATURE 3.90 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 3.0V Internal Clock Frequency (MHz) Internal Clock Frequency (MHz) 4.20 4.15 4.10 4.05 4.00 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 3.80 3.75 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 20. Figure 21. INTERNAL OSCILLATOR CLOCK FREQUENCY vs TEMPERATURE INTERNAL OSCILLATOR CLOCK FREQUENCY vs SNSVDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE 3.50 100 4.20 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.2V Internal Clock Frequency (MHz) Internal Clock Frequency (MHz) 3.85 3.70 3.95 3.40 3.30 3.20 3.10 3.00 2.90 4.10 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF TA = +25°C 4.00 3.90 3.80 3.70 3.60 3.50 3.40 3.30 3.20 -40 12 SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 Temperature (°C) SNSVDD (V) Figure 22. Figure 23. Submit Documentation Feedback 2.8 3.2 3.6 Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 OVERVIEW The TSC2004 is an analog interface circuit for a human interface touch screen device. A register-based architecture eases integration with microprocessor-based systems through a standard I2C bus. All peripheral functions are controlled through the registers and onboard state machines. The TSC2004 features include: • Very low-power touch screen controller • Very small onboard footprint • Relieves host from tedious routine tasks by flexible preprocessing, saving resources for more critical tasks • Ability to work on very low supply voltage • Minimal connection interface allows easiest isolation and reduces the number of dedicated I/O pins required • Miniature, yet complete; requires no external supporting component. (NOTE: Although the TSC2004 can use an external reference, it is also possible to use SNSVDD as the reference.) • Enhanced ESD protection The TSC2004 consists of the following blocks (refer to the block diagram on the front page): • Touch Screen Interface • Auxiliary Input (AUX) • Temperature Sensor • Acquisition Activity Preprocessing • Internal Conversion Clock • I2C Interface Communication with the TSC2004 is done via an I2C serial interface. The TSC2004 is an I2C slave device; therefore, data are shifted into or out of the TSC2004 under the control of the host microprocessor, which also provides the serial data clock. Control of the TSC2004 and its functions is accomplished by writing to different registers in the TSC2004. A simple command protocol (compatible with I2C) is used to address these registers. This protocol can be an I2C write-addressing followed by multiple control bytes, or multiple combinations of control/data bytes to be written into different registers (two bytes each). Reading from registers is performed by writing an I2C read-addressing to the TSC, followed by one or multiple sequential reads from the registers. The address of the register to be read can be written in TSC Control Byte 0 with the register address and read-bit (as described in the previous paragraph), and serves as a pointer to the register map where the first read starts. This designated register address is static; there is no need to write a register address again unless it is overwritten by a new register address, or if the TSC is reset (by a software reset or by the RESET pin). The measurement result is placed in the TSC2004 registers and may be read by the host at any time. This preprocessing frees up the host so that resources can be redirected for more critical tasks. Two optional signals are also available from the TSC2004 to indicate that data are available for the host to read. PINTDAV is a programmable interrupt/status output pin. When PINTDAV is programmed as a DAV output, it indicates that an A/D conversion has completed and that data are available. When this pin is programmed as a PENIRQ output, it indicates that a touch has been detected on the touch screen. The status register of the TSC2004 provides an extended status reading including the state of DAV and PENIRQ without the cost of any dedicated pin. Figure 24 shows a typical application of the TSC2004. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 13 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 1.6VDC 1 mF 1 mF 1m F 0.1mF 0.1mF AGND 0.1mF 1.6VDC VREF 1.2kW I/OVDD X+ SNSVDD DGND SNSGND 1.2kW PINTDAV GPIO RESET GPIO Y+ SDA TSC2004 X- SDA Auxilary Input AD1 AD0 DGND SUBGND AUX AGND Y- SNSGND SCL Touch Screen Host Processor SCL (PINTDAV is optional; software implementation polling of the Status register is possible) AGND Figure 24. Typical Circuit Configuration TOUCH SCREEN OPERATION A resistive touch screen operates by applying a voltage across a resistor network and measuring the change in resistance at a given point on the matrix where the screen is touched by an input (stylus, pen, or finger). The change in the resistance ratio marks the location on the touch screen. The TSC2004 supports the resistive 4-wire configurations, as shown in Figure 25. The circuit determines location in two coordinate pair dimensions, although a third dimension can be added for measuring pressure. 4-WIRE TOUCH SCREEN COORDINATE PAIR MEASUREMENT A 4-wire touch screen is typically constructed as shown in Figure 25. It consists of two transparent resistive layers separated by insulating spacers. Conductive Bar Transparent Conductor (ITO) Bottom Side Y+ X+ Silver Ink Transparent Conductor (ITO) Top Side XY- ITO = Indium Tin Oxide Insulating Material (Glass) Figure 25. 4-Wire Touch Screen Construction The 4-wire touch screen panel works by applying a voltage across the vertical or horizontal resistive network. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 The A/D converter converts the voltage measured at the point where the panel is touched. A measurement of the Y position of the pointing device is made by connecting the X+ input to a data converter chip, turning on the Y+ and Y– drivers, and digitizing the voltage seen at the X+ input. The voltage measured is determined by the voltage divider developed at the point of touch. For this measurement, the horizontal panel resistance in the X+ lead does not affect the conversion because of the high input impedance of the A/D converter. Voltage is then applied to the other axis, and the A/D converter converts the voltage representing the X position on the screen. This process provides the X and Y coordinates to the associated processor. Measuring touch pressure (Z) can also be done with the TSC2004. To determine pen or finger touch, the pressure of the touch must be determined. Generally, it is not necessary to have very high performance for this test; therefore, 10-bit resolution mode is recommended (however, data sheet calculations are shown using the 12-bit resolution mode). There are several different ways of performing this measurement. The TSC2004 supports two methods. The first method requires knowing the X-plate resistance, the measurement of the X-Position, and two additional cross panel measurements (Z2 and Z1) of the touch screen (see Figure 26). Equation 1 calculates the touch resistance: R TOUCH + RX−plate @ ǒ Ǔ XPostition Z 2 *1 4096 Z 1 (1) The second method requires knowing both the X-plate and Y-plate resistance, measurement of X-Position and Y-Position, and Z1. Equation 2 also calculates the touch resistance: RX−plate @ XPostition 4096 Y R TOUCH + *1 *R Y−plate @ 1* Position 4096 4096 Z1 ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ (2) Measure X-Position X+ Y+ Touch X-Position Y- X- Measure Z1-Position Y+ X+ Touch Z1-Position Y- X- Y+ X+ Touch Z2-Position X- YMeasure Z2-Position Figure 26. Pressure Measurement Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 15 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 When the touch panel is pressed or touched and the drivers to the panel are turned on, the voltage across the touch panel often overshoots and then slowly settles down (decays) to a stable dc value. This effect is a result of mechanical bouncing caused by vibration of the top layer sheet of the touch panel when the panel is pressed. This settling time must be accounted for, or else the converted value will be in error. Therefore, a delay must be introduced between the time the driver for a particular measurement is turned on, and the time a measurement is made. In some applications, external capacitors may be required across the touch screen for filtering noise picked up by the touch screen (for example, noise generated by the LCD panel or back-light circuitry). The value of these capacitors provides a low-pass filter to reduce the noise, but will cause an additional settling time requirement when the panel is touched. The TSC2004 offers several solutions to this problem. A programmable delay time is available that sets the delay between turning the drivers on and making a conversion. This delay is referred to as the panel voltage stabilization time, and is used in some of the TSC2004 modes. In other modes, the TSC2004 can be commanded to turn on the drivers only without performing a conversion. Time can then be allowed before the command is issued to perform a conversion. The TSC2004 touch screen interface can measure position (X,Y) and pressure (Z). Determination of these coordinates is possible under three different modes of the A/D converter: • TSMode1 — conversion controlled by the TSC2004 initiated by the TSC; • TSMode2 — conversion controlled by the TSC2004 initiated by the host responding to the PENIRQ signal; or • TSMode3 — conversion completely controlled by the host processor. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR In some applications, such as battery recharging, an ambient temperature measurement is required. The temperature measurement technique used in the TSC2004 relies on the characteristics of a semiconductor junction operating at a fixed current level. The forward diode voltage (VBE) has a well-defined characteristic versus temperature. The ambient temperature can be predicted in applications by knowing the +25°C value of the VBE voltage and then monitoring the delta of that voltage as the temperature changes. The TSC2004 offers two modes of temperature measurement. The first mode requires calibration at a known temperature, but only requires a single reading to predict the ambient temperature. The TEMP1 diode, shown in Figure 27, is used during this measurement cycle. This voltage is typically 580mV at +25°C with a 10µA current. The absolute value of this diode voltage can vary by a few millivolts; the temperature coefficient (TC) of this voltage is very consistent at –2.1mV/°C. During the final test of the end product, the diode voltage is stored at a known room temperature, in system memory, for calibration purposes by the user. The result is an equivalent temperature measurement resolution of 0.3°C/LSB (1LSB = 610µV with VREF = 2.5V). SNSVDD TEMP2 TEMP1 +IN Converter -IN AGND Figure 27. Functional Block Diagram of Temperature Measurement Mode The second mode does not require a test temperature calibration, but uses a two-measurement (differential) method to eliminate the need for absolute temperature calibration and for achieving 2°C/LSB accuracy. This mode requires a second conversion of the voltage across the TEMP2 diode with a resistance 91 times larger than the TEMP1 diode. The voltage difference between the first (TEMP1) and second (TEMP2) conversion is represented by: DV + kT q @ ln(N) (3) Where: N = the resistance ratio = 91. k = Boltzmann's constant = 1.3807 × 10-23 J/K (joules/kelvins). q = the electron charge = 1.6022 × 10-19 C (coulombs). T = the temperature in kelvins (K). This method can provide much improved absolute temperature measurement, but a lower resolution of 1.6°C/LSB. The resulting equation to solve for T is: q @ DV T+ k @ ln(N) (4) Where: ΔV = VBE (TEMP2) – VBE(TEMP1) (in mV). ∴ T = 2.573 ⋅ ΔV (in K), or T = 2.573 ⋅ ΔV – 273 (in °C). Temperature 1 and/or temperature 2 measurements have the same timing as Figure 46. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 17 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER Figure 28 shows the analog inputs of the TSC2004. The analog inputs (X, Y, and Z touch panel coordinates, chip temperature and auxiliary inputs) are provided via a multiplexer to the Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter. The A/D architecture is based on capacitive redistribution architecture, which inherently includes a sample-and-hold function. SNSVDD VREF PINTDAV SNSVDD Level Shift RIRQ(1) 50kW Data Available Pen Touch Control Logic Preprocessing Zone Detect X+ TEMP2 TEMP1 MAV C3-C0 AGND XSNSVDD Y+ +IN Y- +REF Converter -IN -REF SNSGND AUX AGND (1) Untrimmed resistor; see the typical value in the Electrical Characteristics Figure 28. Simplified Diagram of the Analog Input Section A unique configuration of low on-resistance switches allows an unselected A/D converter input channel to provide power and an accompanying pin to provide ground for driving the touch panel. By maintaining a differential input to the converter and a differential reference input architecture, it is possible to negate errors caused by the driver switch on-resistances. The A/D converter is controlled by two A/D Converter Control registers. Several modes of operation are possible, depending on the bits set in the control registers. Channel selection, scan operation, preprocessing, resolution, and conversion rate may all be programmed through these registers. These modes are outlined in the sections that follow for each type of analog input. The conversion results are stored in the appropriate result register. 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Data Format The TSC2004 output data are in Straight Binary format as shown in Figure 29. This figure shows the ideal output code for the given input voltage and does not include the effects of offset, gain, or noise. FS = Full-Scale Voltage = VREF(1) 1LSB = VREF(1)/4096 1LSB 11...111 Output Code 11...110 11...101 00...010 00...001 00...000 0V Input Voltage (2) FS - 1LSB (V) (1) Reference voltage at converter: +REF – (–REF). See Figure 28. (2) Input voltage at converter, after multiplexer: +IN – (–IN). See Figure 28. Figure 29. Ideal Input Voltages and Output Codes Reference The TSC2004 uses an external voltage reference that applied to the VREF pin. It is possible to use VDD as the reference voltage because the upper reference voltage range is the same as the supply voltage range. Variable Resolution The TSC2004 provides either 10-bit or 12-bit resolution for the A/D converter. Lower resolution is often practical for measuring slow changing signals such as touch pressure. Performing the conversions at lower resolution reduces the amount of time it takes for the A/D converter to complete its conversion process, which also lowers power consumption. Conversion Clock and Conversion Time The TSC2004 contains an internal clock (oscillator) that drives the internal state machines that perform the many functions of the part. This clock is divided down to provide a conversion clock for the A/D converter. The division ratio for this clock is set in the A/D Converter Control register (see Table 15). The ability to change the conversion clock rate allows the user to choose the optimal values for resolution, speed, and power dissipation. If the 4MHz (oscillator) clock is used directly as the A/D converter clock (when CL[1:0] = (0,0)), the A/D converter resolution is limited to 10 bits. Using higher resolutions at this speed does not result in more accurate conversions. 12-bit resolution requires that CL[1:0] is set to (0,1) or (1,0). Regardless of the conversion clock speed, the internal clock runs nominally at 3.8MHz at a 3V supply (SNSVDD) and slows down to 3.6MHz at a 1.6V supply. The conversion time of the TSC2004 depends on several functions. While the conversion clock speed plays an important role in the time it takes for a conversion to complete, a certain number of internal clock cycles are needed for proper sampling of the signal. Moreover, additional times (such as the panel voltage stabilization time), can add significantly to the time it takes to perform a conversion. Conversion time can vary depending on the mode in which the TSC2004 is used. Throughout this data sheet, internal and conversion clock cycles are used to describe the amount of time that many functions take. These times must be taken into account when considering the total system design. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 19 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Touch Detect PINTDAV can be programmed to generate an interrupt to the host. Figure 30 details an example for the Y-position measurement. While in the power-down mode, the Y– driver is on and connected to GND. The internal pen-touch signal depends on whether or not the X+ input is driven low. When the panel is touched, the X+ input is pulled to ground through the touch screen and the internal pen-touch output is set to low because of the detection on the current path through the panel to GND, which initiates an interrupt to the processor. During the measurement cycles for X- and Y-Position, the X+ input is disconnected, which eliminates any leakage current from the pull-up resistor to flow through the touch screen, thus causing no errors. Analog VDD Plane SNSVDD PINTDAV SNSVDD Level Shifter Y+ Pen Touch Control Logic Data Available TEMP1 High when the X+ or Y+ driver is on. X+ TEMP2 RIRQ(1) 50kW Sense DGND Y- ON SNSGND (1) High when the X+ or Y+ driver is on, or when any sensor connection/short circuit tests are activated. Vias go to system analog ground plane. AGND Untrimmed resistor; see the typical value in the Electrical Characteristics Figure 30. Example of a Pen-Touch Induced Interrupt via the PINTDAV Pin In modes where the TSC2004 must detect whether or not the screen is still being touched (for example, when doing a pen-touch initiated X, Y, and Z conversion), the TSC2004 must reset the drivers so that the RIRQ resistor is connected again. Because of the high value of this pull-up resistor, any capacitance on the touch screen inputs causes a long delay time, and may prevent the detection from occurring correctly. To prevent this possible delay, the TSC2004 has a circuit that allows any screen capacitance to be precharged, so that the pull-up resistor does not have to be the only source for the charging current. The time allowed for this precharge, as well as the time needed to sense if the screen is still touched, can be set in the configuration register. This configuration underscores the need to use the minimum possible capacitor values on the touch screen inputs. These capacitors may be needed to reduce noise, but too large a value will increase the needed precharge and sense times, as well as the panel voltage stabilization time. 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Preprocessing The TSC2004 offers an array of powerful preprocessing operations that reduce unnecessary traffic on the bus and reduce the host processor loading. This reduction is especially critical for the serial interface, where limited bandwidth is a tradeoff, keeping the connection lines to a minimum. All data acquisition tasks are looking for specific data that meet certain criteria. Many of these tasks fall into a predefined range, while other tasks may be looking for a value in a noisy environment. If these data are all to be retrieved by host processor for processing, the limited bus bandwidth quickly saturates, along with the host processor processing capability. In any case, the host processor must always be reserved for more critical tasks, not for routine work. The preprocessing unit consists of two main functions: the combined MAV filter (median value filter and averaging filter), followed by the zone detection. Preprocessing—Median Value Filter and Averaging Value Filter The first preprocessing function, a combined MAV filter, can be operated independently as a median value filter (MVF), an averaging value filter (AVF), and a combined filter (MAVF). If the acquired signal source is noisy because of the digital switching circuit, it may be necessary to evaluate the data without noise. In this case, the median value filter (MVF) operation helps to discard the noise. The array of N converted results is first sorted. The return value is either the middle (median value) of an array of M converted results, or the average value of a window size of W of converted results: • N = the total number of converted results used by the MAV filter • M = the median value filter size programmed • W = the averaging window size programmed If M = 1, then N = W. A special case is W = 1, which means the MAVF is bypassed. Otherwise, if W > 1, only averaging is performed on these converted results. In either case, the return value is the averaged value of window size W of converted results. If M > 1 and W = 1, then N = M, meaning only the median value filter is operating. The return value is the middle position converted result from the array of M converted results. If M > 1 and W > 1, then N = M. In this case, W < M. The return value is the averaged value of middle portion W of converted results out of the array of M converted results. Since the value of W is an odd number in this case, the averaging value is calculated with the middle position converted result counted twice (so a total of W + 1 converted results are averaged). Table 1. Median Value Filter Size Selection M1 M0 MEDIAN VALUE FILTER M= POSSIBLE AVERAGING WINDOW SIZE W= 0 0 1 1, 4, 8, 16 0 1 3 1 1 0 7 1, 3 1 1 15 1, 3, 7 Table 2. Averaging Value Filter Size Selection AVERAGING VALUE FILTER SIZE SELECTION W= W1 W0 M = 1 (Averaging Only) M>1 0 0 1 1 0 1 4 3 1 0 8 7 1 1 16 Reserved Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 21 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 NOTE: The default setting for MAVF is MVF (median value filter with averaging bypassed) for any invalid configuration. For example, if (M1, M0, W1, W0) = (1,0,1,0), the MAVF performs as it was configured for (1,0,0,0), median filter only with filter size = 7 and no averaging. The only exception is M > 1 and (W1, W0) = (1,1). This setting is reserved and should not be used. Table 3. Combined MAV Filter Setting M W INTERPRETATION N= =1 =1 Bypass both MAF and AVF W The converted result =1 >1 Bypass MVF only W Average of W converted results >1 =1 Bypass AVF only M Median of M converted results M Average of middle W of M converted results with the median counted twice >1 >1 M>W OUTPUT The MAV filter is available for all analog inputs including the touch screen inputs, temperature measurements TEMP1 and TEMP2, and the AUX measurement. N measurements input into temporary array N Acquired Data N M=1 N W Averaging output from window W M > 1 and W = 1 N M Median value from array M M > 1 and W > 1 N M Averaging output from window W Sort by descending order W Figure 31. MAV Filter Operation (patent pending) Zone Detection The Zone Detection unit is capable of screening all processed data from the MAVF and retaining only the data of interest (data that fit the prerequisite). This unit can be programmed to send an alert if a predefined condition set by two threshold value registers is met. Three different zones may be set: 1. Above the upper limit (X ≥ Threshold High) 2. Between the two thresholds (Threshold Low < X < Threshold High) 3. Below the lower limit (X ≤ Threshold Low) The AUX and temperatures TEMP1 and TEMP2 have separate threshold value registers that can be enabled or disabled. This function is not available to the touch screen inputs. Once the preset condition is met, the DAV output to the PINTDAV pin is pulled low and the corresponding DAV bit is set. 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 I2C INTERFACE The TSC2004 supports the I2C serial bus and data transmission protocol in all three defined modes: standard, fast, and high-speed. A device that sends data onto the bus is defined as a transmitter, and a device receiving data as a receiver. The device that controls the message is called a master. Devices controlled by the master are slaves. The bus must be controlled by a master device that generates the serial clock (SCL), controls the bus access, and generates the START and STOP conditions. The TSC2004 operates as a slave on the I2C bus. Connections to the bus are made via the open-drain I/O lines, SDA and SCL. The following bus protocol has been defined (see Figure 32): • Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. • During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes in the data line while the clock line is HIGH will be interpreted as control signals. Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been defined: Bus Not Busy Both data and clock lines remain HIGH. Start Data Transfer A change in the state of the data line, from HIGH to LOW, while the clock is HIGH, defines a START condition. Stop Data Transfer A change in the state of the data line, from LOW to HIGH, while the clock line is HIGH, defines the STOP condition. Data Valid The state of the data line represents valid data, when, after a START condition, the data line is stable for the duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data. Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of data bytes transferred between START and STOP conditions is not limited and is determined by the master device. The information is transferred byte-wise and each receiver acknowledges with a ninth-bit. Within the I2C bus specifications, a standard mode (100kHz clock rate), a fast mode (400kHz clock rate), and a high-speed mode (3.4MHz clock rate) are each defined. The TSC2004 works in all three modes. Acknowledge Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. The master device must generate an extra clock pulse that is associated with this acknowledge bit. A device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a way that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must be taken into account. A master must signal an end of data to the slave by not generating an acknowledge bit on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the slave must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate the STOP condition. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 23 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Figure 32 details how data transfer is accomplished on the I2C bus. Depending upon the state of the R/W bit, two types of data transfer are possible: 1. Data transfer from a master transmitter to a slave receiver. The first byte transmitted by the master is the slave address. Next follows a number of data bytes. The slave returns an acknowledge bit after the slave address and each received byte. 2. Data transfer from a slave transmitter to a master receiver. The first byte, the slave address, is transmitted by the master. The slave then returns an acknowledge bit. Next, a number of data bytes are transmitted by the slave to the master. The master returns an acknowledge bit after all received bytes other than the last byte. At the end of the last received byte, a not-acknowledge is returned. The master device generates all of the serial clock pulses and the START and STOP conditions. A transfer ends with a STOP condition or a repeated START condition. Because a repeated START condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the bus will not be released. The TSC2004 may operate in the following two modes: 1. Slave Receiver Mode: Serial data and clock are received through SDA and SCL. After each byte is received, an acknowledge bit is transmitted. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. Address recognition is performed by hardware after reception of the slave address and direction bit. 2. Slave Transmitter Mode: The first byte (the slave address) is received and handled as in the slave receiver mode. However, in this mode the direction bit indicates that the transfer direction is reversed. Serial data are transmitted on SDA by the TSC2004 while the serial clock is input on SCL. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. I2C Fast or Standard Mode (F/S Mode) In I2C Fast or Standard (F/S) mode, serial data transfer must meet the timing shown in the Timing Information section. In the serial transfer format of F/S mode, the master signals the beginning of a transmission to a slave with a START condition (S), which is a high-to-low transition on the SDA input while SCL is high. When the master has finished communicating with the slave, the master issues a STOP condition (P), which is a low-to-high transition on SDA while SCL is high, as shown in Figure 32. The bus is free for another transmission after a stop condition has occurred. Figure 32 shows the complete F/S mode transfer on the I2C, two-wire serial interface. The address byte, control byte, and data byte are transmitted between the START and STOP conditions. The SDA state is only allowed to change while SCL is low, except for the START and STOP conditions. Data are transmitted in 8-bit words. Nine clock cycles are required to transfer the data into or out of the device (8-bit word plus acknowledge bit). P or Sr S SDA MSB Slave Address R/W Direction Bit Acknowledgement Signal from Receiver Acknowledgement Signal from Receiver SCL 1 2 6 7 8 9 1 2 3-8 8 ACK 9 ACK Repeated If More Bytes Are Transferred = Resistor Pull-Up S = START Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition P = STOP Condition Figure 32. Complete Fast- or Standard-Mode Transfer 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 I2C High-Speed Mode (Hs Mode) Serial data transfer format in High-Speed (Hs) mode meets the Fast or Standard (F/S) mode I2C bus specification. Hs mode can only commence after the following conditions (all of which are in F/S mode) exist: 1. START condition (S) 2. 8-bit master code (00001xxx) 3. not-acknowledge bit (N) Figure 33 shows this sequence in more detail. Hs-mode master codes are reserved 8-bit codes used only for triggering Hs mode, and are not to be used for slave addressing or any other purpose. The master code indicates to other devices that an Hs-mode transfer is about to begin and the connected devices must meet the Hs mode specification. Because no device is allowed to acknowledge the master code, the master code is followed by a not-acknowledge bit (N). After the not-acknowledge bit (N) and SCL have been pulled up to a HIGH level, the master switches to Hs-mode and enables (at time tH; shown in Figure 33) the current-source pull-up circuit for SCL. Because other devices can delay the serial transfer before tH by stretching the LOW period of SCL, the master enables its current-source pull-up circuit when all devices have released SCL, and SCL has reached a HIGH level, thus speeding up the last part of the rise time of the SCL. The master then sends a repeated START condition (Sr) followed by a 7-bit slave address with a R/W bit address, and receives an acknowledge bit (A) from the selected slave. After a repeated START (Sr) condition and after each acknowledge bit (A) or not-acknowledge bit (N), the master disables its current-source pull-up circuit. This disabling enables other devices to delay the serial transfer by stretching the LOW period of SCL. The master re-enables its current-source pull-up circuit again when all devices have released, and SCL reaches a HIGH level, which speeds up the last part of the SCL signal rise time. Data transfer continues in Hs mode after the next repeated START (Sr), and only switches back to F/S mode after a STOP condition (P). To reduce the overhead of the master code, it is possible that a master links a number of Hs mode transfers, separated by repeated START conditions (Sr). 8-Bit Master Code 00001xxx S N tH SDA SCL 1 2 to 5 6 7 8 9 Fast or Standard Mode R/W 7-Bit Slave Address Sr A n x (8-Bit DATA + A/N) Sr P SDA SCL 1 2 to 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 to 5 6 7 8 9 If P then Fast or Standard Mode High-Speed Mode tH = Current Source Pull-Up = Resistor Pull-Up A = Acknowledge (SDA LOW) N = Not Acknowledge (SDA HIGH) S = START Condition P = STOP Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition If Sr (dotted lines) then High-Speed Mode tFS Figure 33. Complete High-Speed Mode Transfer Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 25 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 DIGITAL INTERFACE ADDRESS BYTE The TSC2004 has a 7-bit slave address word. The first five bits (MSBs) of the slave address are factory-preset to comply with the I2C standard for A/D converters and are always set at '10010'. The logic state of the address input pins (AD1-AD0) determine the two LSBs of the device address to activate communication. Therefore, a maximum of four devices with the same preset code can be connected on the same bus at one time. The AD1-AD0 address inputs are only read during a power-up of the device, and should be connected to a digital supply (I/OVDD), or digital ground (DGND). The slave address is latched into the TSC2004 on the falling edge of SCL after the read/write bit has been received by the slave. The last bit of the address byte (R/W) defines the operation to be performed. When set to a '1', a read operation is selected; when set to a ‘0’, a write operation is selected. Following the START condition, the TSC2004 monitors the SDA bus, checking the device type identifier being transmitted. Upon receiving the '10010' code, the appropriate device select bits, and the R/W bit, the slave device outputs an acknowledge signal on the SDA line. Table 4. I2C Slave Address Byte MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 1 0 0 1 0 AD1 AD0 R/W Bit D0: R/W 1: I2C master read from TSC (I2C read addressing). 0: I2C master write to TSC (I2C write addressing). I2C Write-Addressing Byte S/Sr 1 0 0 1 0 AD1 AD0 0 START or Repeated START A From Master to Slave A = Acknowledge (SDA LOW) S = START Condition ACK From Slave to Master Sr = Repeated START Condition I2C Read-Addressing Byte S/Sr 1 0 0 1 0 AD1 AD0 START or Repeated START 1 A ACK Figure 34. I2C Bus Addressing (Slave Address Byte Format) CONTROL BYTE Table 5. Control Byte Format: Start a Conversion and Mode Setting MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 1 (Control Byte 1) C3 C2 C1 C0 RM SWRST STS 0 (Control Byte 0) A3 A2 A1 A0 Reserved (Write '0') PND0 R/W 26 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Table 6. Control Byte 1 Bit Register Description (D7 = 1) BIT NAME D7 Control Byte ID D6-D3 C3:C0 D2 RM D1 SWRST D0 STS DESCRIPTION 1 Converter Function Select as detailed in Table 7 0: 10 Bit 1: 12 Bit Software Reset. This bit is self-clearing. 1: Reset all register values to default Stop bit for all converter functions. This bit is self-clearing. Bit D7: Control Byte ID 1: Control Byte 1 (start conversion and channel select and conversion-related configuration). 0: Control Byte 0 (read/write data registers and non-conversion-related controls). Bits D6-D3: C3-C0 Converter function select bits. These bits select the input to be converted, and the converter function to be executed. Table 7 lists the possible converter functions. Table 7. Converter Function Select C3 C2 C1 C0 FUNCTION 0 0 0 0 Touch screen scan function: X, Y, Z1, and Z2 coordinates converted and the results returned to X, Y, Z1, and Z2 data registers. Scan continues until either the pen is lifted or a stop bit is sent. 0 0 0 1 Touch screen scan function: X and Y coordinates converted and the results returned to X and Y data registers. Scan continues until either the pen is lifted or a stop bit is sent. 0 0 1 0 Touch screen scan function: X coordinate converted and the results returned to X data register. 0 0 1 1 Touch screen scan function: Y coordinate converted and the results returned to Y data register. 0 1 0 0 Touch screen scan function: Z1 and Z2 coordinates converted and the results returned to Z1 and Z2 data registers. 0 1 0 1 Auxiliary input converted and the results returned to the AUX data register. 0 1 1 0 A temperature measurement is made and the results returned to the Temperature Measurement 1 data register. 0 1 1 1 A differential temperature measurement is made and the results returned to the Temperature Measurement 2 data register. 1 0 0 0 Auxiliary input is converted continuously and the results returned to the AUX data register. 1 0 0 1 Touch screen panel connection to X-axis drivers is tested. The test result is output to PINTDAV and shown in STATUS register. 1 0 1 0 Touch screen panel connection to Y-axis drivers is tested. The test result is output to PINTDAV and shown in STATUS register. 1 0 1 1 RESERVED (Note: any condition caused by this command can be cleared by setting the STS bit to 1). 1 1 0 0 Touch screen panel short-circuit (between X and Y plates) is tested through Y-axis. The test result is output to PINTDAV and shown in the STATUS register. 1 1 0 1 X+, X– drivers status 1 1 1 0 Y+, Y– drivers status 1 1 1 1 Y+, X– drivers status Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 27 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Touch Screen Scan Function for XYZ or XY C3-C0 = 0000 or 0001: These scan functions can collaborate with the PSM bit that defines the control mode of converter functions. If the PSM bit is set to '1', these scan function select commands are recommended to be issued before a pen touch is detected in order to allow the TSC2004 to initiate and control the scan processes immediately after the screen is touched. If these functions are not issued before a pen touch is detected, the TSC2004 waits for the host to write these functions before starting a scan process. If PSM stays as '1' after a TSC-initiated scan function is complete, the host is not required to write these function select bits again for each of the following pen touches after the detected touch. In the host-controlled converter function mode (PSM = 0), the host must send these functions select bits repeatedly for each scan function after a detected pen touch. Note that the data registers may be updated while a host reading is in progress. Using the sequential read cycle (see Figure 36) prevents the TSC from updating registers while a host reading is in progress. To ensure that the XYZ or XY coordinates are correctly read, use the sequential read cycle to read the coordinates after the scan. Touch Screen Sensor Connection Tests for X-Axis and Y-Axis Range of resistances of different touch screen panels can be selected by setting the TBM bits in CFR1; see Table 20. Once the resistance of the sensor panel is selected, two continuity tests are run separately for the X-axis and Y-axis. The unit under test must pass both connection tests to ensure that a proper connection is secured. C3-C0 = 1001: PINTDAV = 0 during this connection test. A '1' shown at end of the test indicates the X-axis drivers are well-connected to the sensor; otherwise, X-axis drivers are poorly connected. If drivers fail to connect, then PINTDAV stays low until a stop bit (STS set to '1') is issued. C3-C0 = 1010: PINTDAV = 0 during this connection test. A '1' shown at end of the test indicates the Y-axis drivers are well-connected to the sensor; otherwise, Y-axis drivers are poorly connected. If the drivers are fail to connect, then PINTDAV stays low until a stop bit (STS set to '1') is issued. Touch Sensor Short-Circuit Test If the TBM bits of CFR1 detailed in Table 20 are all set to '1', a short-circuit in the touch sensor can be detected. C3-C0 = 1011: Reserved. C3-C0 = 1100: PINTDAV = 0 during this short-circuit test. A '1' shown at end of the test indicates there is no short-circuit detected (through Y-axis) between the flex and stable layers. If there is a short-circuit detected, PINTDAV stays low until a stop bit (STS set to '1') is issued. RM—Resolution select. If RM = 1, the conversion result resolution is 12-bit; otherwise, the resolution is 10-bit. This bit is the same RM bit shown in CFR0. SWRST—Software reset input. All register values are set to default value if a '1' is written to this bit. This bit is automatically set to '0' in order to cancel the software reset and resume normal operation. STS—Stop bit for all converter functions. When writing a '1' to this register, this bit aborts the converter function currently running in the TSC2004. A '0' is automatically written to this register in order to end the stop bit. This bit can only stop converter functions; it does not reset any data, status, or configuration registers. This bit is the same STS bit shown in CFR0, but can only be read through the CFR0 register with different interpretations. Table 8. STS Bit Operation 28 OPERATION VALUE Write 0 DESCRIPTION Normal operation Write 1 Stop converter functions and power down Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Table 9. Control Byte 0 Bit Register Description (D7 = 0) BIT NAME D7 Control Byte ID D6-D3 A3-A0 D2 RESERVED DESCRIPTION 1: Control Byte 1—start conversion, channel select, and converison-related configuration 0: Control Byte 0—read/write data registers and non-conversion-related controls Register Address Bits as detailed in Table 10 A '0' must be set in this bit for normal operation Power Not Down Control D1 1: A/D converter biasing circuitry is always on between conversions but is shut down after the converter function stops PND0 0: A/D converter biasing circuitry is shut down either between conversions or after the converter function stops TSC Internal Register Data Flow Control D0 1: Set the starting address of the TSC internal registers for a register read (see Figure 35) R/W 0: Write to TSC internal registers Table 10. Internal Register Map REGISTER ADDRESS A3 A2 A1 A0 REGISTER CONTENT READ/WRITE 0 0 0 0 X measurement result R 0 0 0 1 Y measurement result R 0 0 1 0 Z1 measurement result R 0 0 1 1 Z2 measurement result R 0 1 0 0 AUX measurement result R 0 1 0 1 Temp1 measurement result R 0 1 1 0 Temp2 measurement result R 0 1 1 1 Status 1 0 0 0 AUX high threshold R/W 1 0 0 1 AUX low threshold R/W 1 0 1 0 Temp high threshold (apply to both TEMP1 and TEMP2) R/W 1 0 1 1 Temp low threshold (apply to both TEMP1 and TEMP2) R/W 1 1 0 0 CFR0 R/W 1 1 0 1 CFR1 R/W 1 1 1 0 CFR2 R/W 1 1 1 1 Converter function select status R R R/W—Register read and write control. A '1' indicates that the value of the internal register address bits A3-A0 is stored internally as the starting address for a register read (see Figure 35). The content of the addressed register is sent to SDA by using I2C read addressing (see Figure 36 and Figure 37). A '0' indicates that the data following Control Byte 0 on SDA are written into the internal register addressed by bits A3-A0 (see Figure 35). Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 29 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 START A WRITE CYCLE A write cycle begins when the master issues the slave address to the TSC2004. The slave address consists of seven address bits and a write bit (R/W = 0; see Table 5). When the eighth bit has been received and the address matches the AD1-AD0 address input pin setting, the TSC2004 issues an acknowledge bit by pulling SDA low for one additional clock cycle (ACK = 0); see Figure 34. When the master receives the acknowledge bit from the TSC2004, the master writes the input control byte to the slave; see Table 5. After the control byte is received by the slave, the slave issues another acknowledge bit by pulling SDA low for one clock cycle (ACK = 0). The master then ends the write cycle by issuing a STOP or repeated START condition; see Figure 35. Write Cycle I C Slave Address START I2C WriteAddressing Byte 0 A 8 Control Byte 1 ACK 1 C3 C2 C1 C0 RM A P STS S 1 SWRST 7 2 STOP(1) Converter Function Select START I2C Slave Address I2C WriteAddressing Byte 0 A 8 8 Control Byte 0 ACK 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 Rsvd S 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) A PND0 7 8 A Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) A P STOP(1) 0 TSC Internal Register Address for Write Data START I C Slave Address I2C WriteAddressing Byte 0 A 8 Control Byte 0 ACK 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 Rsvd S 1 A P PND0 7 2 STOP(1) 1 TSC Internal Register Starting Address mh(2) (M + N x 3) x 8 7 S I2C Slave Address 1 0 A 2 START I C WriteAddressing Byte From Master to Slave From Slave to Master A A A P Mixed M (Control Byte 1 or Control Byte 0 with Read Bit) Plus N (Control Byte 0 with Data Bytes), Separated by TSC ACKs STOP(1) A = Acknowledge (SDA LOW) N = Not Acknowledge (SDA HIGH) S = START Condition P = STOP Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition NOTES: (1) In order to start the next sequence, a STOP condition must be followed by a START condition. If no STOP is used, then a Repeated START must be used. Also note that is a STOP condition is issued in High-Speed mode, the mode will revert to the previous mode: Fast or Standard. (2) mh is a hexadecimal number. Figure 35. Write Cycle 30 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 REGISTER ACCESS Data access begins with the master issuing a START (or repeated START) condition followed by the 7-bit address and a read bit (R/W = 1; see Table 5). When the eighth bit has been received and the address matches, the slave issues an acknowledge by pulling SDA low for one clock cycle (ACK = 0). The first byte of serial data then follows. After the first byte has been sent by the slave, it releases the SDA line for the master to issue an acknowledge (ACK = 0). The slave issues the second byte of serial data upon receiving the acknowledgement from the master (D7-D0), followed by a not-acknowledge bit (ACK = 1) from the master to indicate that the last data byte has been received. The master then issues a STOP condition (P) or repeated START (Sr), which ends the read cycle, as shown in Figure 36 and Figure 37. If the master issues a not-acknowledge (ACK = 1) after receipt of the first data byte, the master must then issue a stop condition (P) to reset the registers. If the master is not ready to receive the second data byte, it should issue the acknowledge (ACK = 0), or the master should stretch the clock. Upon restart of the clock, the second byte of data can be received by the master. Read Cycle: Sequential, from Register Address mh(2) to (m + n)h(3) 7 S START 2 I C Slave Address 1 8 8 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) A I2C Read-Addressing Byte A A Register (Address = mh) Content 8 8 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) A A Register (Address = (m + 1)h) Content 8 8 NACK Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A Register (Address = (m + n)h) Content P STOP(1) A = Acknowledge (SDA LOW) N = Not Acknowledge (SDA HIGH) S = START Condition P = STOP Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition From Master to Slave From Slave to Master NOTES: (1) In order to start the next sequence, a STOP condition must be followed by a START condition. If no STOP is used, then a Repeated START must be used. Also note that is a STOP condition is issued in High-Speed mode, the mode will revert to the previous mode: Fast or Standard. (2) mh is a hexadecimal number. (3) If (m+n)h is greater than Fh, then (m + n)h is modulo 16. Figure 36. Sequential Read Cycle Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 31 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Read Cycle: Repeated, Register Address mh(2) 7 S START I2C Slave Address START 8 8 NACK 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A 2 I C Read-Addressing Byte 7 S 1 I2C Slave Address 1 8 8 NACK 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A 2 I C Read-Addressing Byte START I2C Slave Address P STOP(1) Register (Address = mh) Content 1 A A P STOP(1) Register (Address = mh) Content 7 S A 8 8 NACK Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N 2 I C Read-Addressing Byte A P STOP(1) Register (Address = mh) Content Or... 7 Sr I2C Slave Address 1 8 8 NACK 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A Repeated I2C Read-Addressing Byte START 7 Sr I2C Slave Address Register (Address = mh) Content 1 8 8 NACK 1 Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A 2 Repeated I C Read-Addressing Byte START I2C Slave Address 2 1 Repeated I C Read-Addressing Byte START From Master to Slave From Slave to Master A Register (Address = mh) Content 7 Sr A A 8 8 NACK Data Byte 1/2 (HIGH Byte) Data Byte 2/2 (LOW Byte) N A Register (Address = mh) Content P STOP(1) A = Acknowledge (SDA LOW) N = Not Acknowledge (SDA HIGH) S = START Condition P = STOP Condition Sr = Repeated START Condition NOTES: (1) In order to start the next sequence, a STOP condition must be followed by a START condition. If no STOP is used, then a Repeated START must be used. Also note that is a STOP condition is issued in High-Speed mode, the mode will revert to the previous mode: Fast or Standard. (2) mh is a hexadecimal number. Figure 37. Repeated Read Cycle 32 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL The TSC2004 is controlled entirely by registers. Reading and writing to these registers are accomplished by the use of Control Byte 0, which includes a 4-bit address plus one read/write TSC register control bit. The data registers defined in Table 10 are all 16-bit, right-adjusted. NOTE: Except for some configuration registers and the Status register that are full 16-bit registers, the rest of the value registers are 12-bit (or 10-bit) data preceded by four (or six) zeros. Configuration Register 0 Table 11. Configuration Register 0 (Reset Value = 4000h for Read; 0000h for Write) MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 PSM STS RM CL1 CL0 PV2 PV1 PV0 PR2 PR1 PR0 SN2 SN1 SN0 DTW LSM PSM—Pen status/control mode. Reading this bit allows the host to determine if the screen is touched. Writing to this bit selects the mode used to control the flow of converter functions that are either initiated and/or controlled by host or under control of the TSC2004 responding to a pen touch. When reading, the PSM bit indicates if the pen is down or not. When writing to this register, this bit determines if the TSC2004 controls the converter functions, or if the converter functions are host-controlled. The default state is the host-controlled converter function mode (0). The other state (1) is the TSC-initiated scan function mode that must only collaborate with C3-C0 = 0000 or 0001 in order to allow the TSC2004 to initiate and control the scan function for XYZ or XY when a pen touch is detected. Table 12. PSM Bit Operation OPERATION VALUE DESCRIPTION Read 0 No screen touch detected Read 1 Screen touch detected Write 0 Converter functions initiated and/or controlled by host Write 1 Converter functions initiated and controlled by the TSC2004 STS—A/D converter status. When reading, this bit indicates if the converter is busy or not busy. Continuous scans or conversions can be stopped by writing a '1' to this bit, immediately aborting the running converter function (even if the pen is still down) and causing the A/D converter to power down. The default state for write is 0 (normal operation), and the default state for read is 1 (converter is not busy). NOTE: The same bit can be written through Control Byte 1. This bit is self-clearing. Table 13. STS Bit Operation OPERATION VALUE Read 0 DESCRIPTION Converter is busy Read 1 Converter is not busy Write 0 Normal operation Write 1 Stop converter function and power down RM—Resolution control. The A/D converter resolution is specified with this bit. See Table 14 for a description of these bits. This bit is the same whether reading or writing, and defaults to 0. Note that the same bit can be written through Control Byte 1. Table 14. A/D Converter Resolution Control RM FUNCTION 0 10-bit resolution. Power-up and reset default. 1 12-bit resolution Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 33 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 CL1, CL0—Conversion clock control. These two bits specify the clock rate that the A/D converter uses to perform conversion, as shown in Table 15. Table 15. A/D Converter Conversion Clock Control (1) CL1 CL0 FUNCTION 0 0 fADC = fOSC/1. This is referred to as the 4MHz A/D converter clock rate, 10-bit resolution only (1). 0 1 fADC = fOSC/2. This is referred to as the 2MHz A/D converter clock rate. 1 0 fADC = fOSC/4. This is referred to as the 1MHz A/D converter clock rate. 1 1 fADC = fOSC/4. This is referred to as the 1MHz A/D converter clock rate. For SNSVDD = 1.2V at –40°C, a lower A/D converter clock rate should be used to allow enough time for conversion settling. PV2-PV0—Panel voltage stabilization time control. These bits specify a delay time from the moment the touch screen drivers are enabled to the time the voltage is sampled and a conversion is started. These bits allow the user to adjust the appropriate settling time for the touch panel and external capacitances. See Table 16 for settings of these bits. The default state is 000, indicating a 0µs stabilization time. These bits are the same whether reading or writing. Table 16. Panel Voltage Stabilization Time Control PV2 PV1 PV0 STABILIZATION TIME (tPVS) 0 0 0 0µs 0 0 1 100µs 0 1 0 500µs 0 1 1 1ms 1 0 0 5ms 1 0 1 10ms 1 1 0 50ms 1 1 1 100ms PR2-PR0—Precharge time selection. These bits set the amount of time allowed for precharging any pin capacitance on the touch screen prior to sensing if a pen touch is happening. Table 17. Precharge Time Selection PR2 PR1 PR0 PRECHARGE TIME(tPRE) 0 0 0 20µs 0 0 1 84µs 0 1 0 276µs 0 1 1 340µs 1 0 0 1.044ms 1 0 1 1.108ms 1 1 0 1.300ms 1 1 1 1.364ms SNS2-SNS0—Sense time selection. These bits set the amount of time the TSC2004 waits to sense whether the screen is touched after converting a coordinate. 34 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Table 18. Sense Time Selection SNS2 SNS1 SNS0 SENSE TIME (tSNS) 0 0 0 32µs 0 0 1 96µs 0 1 0 544µs 0 1 1 608µs 1 0 0 2.080ms 1 0 1 2.144ms 1 1 0 2.592ms 1 1 1 2.656ms DTW—Detection of pen touch in wait (patent pending). Writing a '1' to this bit enables the pen touch detection in the background while waiting for the host to issue the converter function in host-initiated/controlled modes. This background detection allows the TSC2004 to pull high at PINTDAV to indicate no pen touch detected while waiting for the host to issue the converter function. If the host polls a high state at PINTDAV before the convert function is sent, the host can abort the issuance of the convert function and stay in the polling PINTDAV mode until the next pen touch is detected. LSM—Longer sampling mode. When this bit is set to '1', the extra 500ns of sampling time is added to the normal sampling cycles of each conversion. This additional time is represented as approximately two internal oscillator clock cycles. For SNSVDD = 1.2V at –40°C, the LSM bit should be set to '1' so that the sampled signal has enough time to settle. Configuration Register 1 Configuration register 1 (CFR1) defines the connection test-bit modes configuration and batch delay selection. Table 19. Configuration Register 1 (Reset Value = 0000h) MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 Resrvd Resrvd Resrvd Resrvd D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 TBM3 TBM2 TBM1 TBM0 Resrvd Resrvd Resrvd Resrvd Resrvd BTD2 BTD1 BTD0 TBM3-TBM0—Connection test-bit modes (patent pending). These bits specify the mode of test bits used for the predefined range of the combined X-axis and Y-axis touch screen panel resistance (RTS). Table 20. Touch Screen Resistance Range and Test-Bit Modes TEST-BIT MODES RTS (kΩ) TBM3 TBM2 TBM1 TBM0 0 0 0 0 0.17 0 0 0 1 0.17 < RTS ≤ 0.52 0 0 1 0 0.52 < RTS ≤ 0.86 0 0 1 1 0.86 < RTS ≤ 1.6 0 1 0 0 1.6 < RTS ≤ 2.2 0 1 0 1 2.2 < RTS ≤ 3.6 0 1 1 0 3.6 < RTS ≤ 5.0 0 1 1 1 5.0 < RTS ≤ 7.8 1 0 0 0 7.8 < RTS ≤ 10.5 1 0 0 1 10.5 < RTS ≤ 16.0 1 0 1 0 16.0 < RTS ≤ 21.6 1 0 1 1 21.6 < RTS ≤ 32.6 1 1 0 0 Reserved 1 1 0 1 Reserved 1 1 1 0 Reserved 1 1 1 1 Only for short-circuit panel test Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 35 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 BTD2-BTD0—Batch Time Delay mode. These are the selection bits that specify the delay before a sample/conversion scan cycle is triggered. When it is set, Batch Time Delay mode uses a set of timers to automatically trigger a sequence of sample-and-conversion events. The mode works for both TSC-initiated scans (XYZ or XY) and host-initiated scans (XYZ or XY). A TSC-initiated scan (XYZ or XY) can be configured by setting the PSM bit in CFR0 to '1' and C[3:0] in Control Byte 1 to '0000' or '0001'. In the case of a TSC-initiated scan (XYZ or XY), the sequence begins with the TSC responding to a pen touch. After the first processed sample set completes during the batch delay, the scan enters a wait mode until the end of the batch delay is reached. If a pen touch is still detected at that moment, the scan continues to process the next sample set, and the batch delay is resumed. The throughput of the processed sample sets (shown in Table 21 as sample sets per second, or SSPS) is regulated by the selected batch delay during the time of the detected pen touch. A TSC-initiated scan (XYZ or XY) can be configured by setting the PSM bit in CFR0 to '1' and C[3:0] in Control Byte 1 to '0000' or '0001'. Note that the throughput of the processed sample set also depends on the settings of stabilization, precharge, and sense times, and the total number of samples to be processed per coordinates. If the accrual time of these factors exceeds the batch delay time, the accrual time dominates. Batch delay time starts when the pen touch initiates the scan function that converts coordinates. A host-initiated scan (XYZ or XY) can be configured by setting the PSM bit in CFR0 to '0' and C[3:0] in Control Byte 1 to '0000' or '0001'. For the host-initiated scan (XYZ or XY), the host must set TSC internal register C[3:0] in Control Byte 1 to '0000' or '0001' initially after a pen touch is detected; see Conversion Controlled by TSC2004 Initiated by Host (TSMode 2), in the Theory of Operation section. After the scan (XYZ or XY) is engaged, the throughput of the processed sample sets is regulated by the selected batch delay timer, as long as the initial detected touch is not interrupted. Table 21. Touch Screen Throughput and Batch Selection Bits BATCH DELAY SELECTION THROUGHPUT FOR TSC-INITIATED OR HOST-INITIATED SCAN, XYZ OR XY (SSPS) BTD2 BTD1 BTD0 DELAY TIME (ms) 0 0 0 0 Normal operation throughput depends on settings. 0 0 1 1 1000 0 1 0 2 500 0 1 1 4 250 1 0 0 10 100 1 0 1 20 50 1 1 0 40 25 1 1 1 100 10 For example, if stabilization time, precharge time, and sense time are selected as 100µs, 84µs, and 96µs, respectively, and the batch delay time is 2ms, then the scan function enters wait mode after the first processed sample set until the 2ms of batch delay time is reached. When the scan function starts to process the second sample set (if the screen is still touched), the batch delay restarts at 2ms (in this example). This procedure remains regulated by 2ms until the pen touch is not detected or the scan function is stopped by a stop bit or any reset form. 36 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Configuration Register 2 Configuration register 2 (CFR2) defines the preprocessor configuration. Table 22. Configuration Register 2 (Reset Value = 0000h) MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 PINTS1 PINTS0 M1 M0 W1 W0 TZ1 TZ0 AZ1 AZ0 Resrvd MAVE X MAVE Y MAVE Z MAVE AUX MAVE TEMP PINTS1 (default 0)—This bit controls the output format of the PINTDAV pin. When this bit is set to '0', the output format is shown as the AND-form of internal signals of PENIRQ and DAV). When this bit is set to '1', PINTDAV outputs PENIRQ only. PINTS0 (default 0)—This bit selects what is output on the PINTDAV pin. If this bit set to '0', the output format of PINTDAV depends on the selection made on the PINTS1 bit. If this bit set to '1', the internal signal of DAV is output on PINTDAV. Table 23. PINTSx Selection PINTS1 PINTS0 0 0 PINTDAV PIN OUTPUT = AND combination of PENIRQ (active low) and DAV (active high). 0 1 Data available, DAV (active low). 1 0 Interrupt, PENIRQ (active low) generated by pen-touch. 1 1 Data available, DAV (active low). M1, M0, W1, W0 (default 0000)—Preprocessing MAV filter control. Note that when the MAV filter is processing data, the STS bit and the corresponding DAV bits in the status register indicate that the converter is busy until all conversions necessary for the preprocessing are complete. The default state for these bits is 0000, which bypasses the preprocessor. These bits are the same whether reading or writing. TZ1 and TZ0, or AZ1 and AZ0 (default 00)—Zone detection bit definition (for TEMP or AUX measurements). TZ1 and TZ0 are for the TEMP measurement. AZ1 and AZ0 are for the AUX measurement. The action taken in zone detection is to store the processed data in the corresponding data registers and to update the corresponding DAV bits in status register. If the processed data do not meet the selected criteria, these data are ignored and the corresponding DAV bits are not updated. When zone detection is disabled, the processed data are simply stored in the corresponding data registers and the corresponding DAV bits are updated without any comparison of criteria. Note that the converted samples are always processed according to the setting of the MAVE bits for AUX/TEMP before zone detection takes effect. See Table 30 for thresholds. Table 24. Zone Detection Bit Definition TZ1/AZ1 TZ0/AZ0 0 0 FUNCTION Zone detection is disabled. 0 1 When the processed data are below low threshold 1 0 When the processed data are between low and high thresholds 1 1 When the processed data are above high threshold MAVE (default is 00000)—MAV filter function enable bit. When the corresponding bit is set to '1', the MAV filter setup is applied to the corresponding measurement. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 37 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Converter Function Select Register The Converter Function Select (CFN) register reflects the converter function select status. Table 25. Converter Function Select Status Register (Reset Value = 0000h) MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 CFN9 CFN8 CFN7 CFN6 CFN5 CFN4 CFN3 CFN2 CFN1 CFN0 D10 CFN15 CFN14 CFN13 CFN12 CFN11 CFN10 CFN15-CFN13—Touch screen drivers status. These bits represent the current status of the touch screen drivers that are turned on. CFN13 is set to '1' if both X+ and X- drivers are turned on. CFN14 is set to '1' if both Y+ and Y- drivers are turned on. CFN15 is set to '1' if Y+ and X- drivers are turned on. Otherwise, these bits are set to '0'. These bits are reset to 0h whenever the converter function is either complete, stopped by the STS bit, or reset (by a hardware reset from the RESET pin or a software reset from SWRST bit in Control Byte 1). CFN12-CFN0—Converter function select status. These bits represent the converter function currently running, which is set in bits C3-C0 of Control Byte 1. When the CFNx bit shows '1', where x is the decimal value of converter function select bits C3-C0, it indicates that the converter function that is set in bits C3-C0 is running. For example, when CFN2 shows '1', it indicates the converter function set in bits C3-C0 ('0010') is running. The CFNx bits are reset to 0000h whenever the converter function is complete, stopped by STS bit, or reset (by the hardware reset from the RESET pin or the software reset from SWRST bit in Control Byte 1). However, if the TSC-initiated scan function mode is issued (by setting the PSM bit in the CFR0 register to '1'), the CFN0 or CFN1 bit will not be reset when the corresponding converter function is complete because there is no pen touch. This event allows the TSC2004 to immediately initiate the scan process (corresponding to CFN0 or CFN1 set to '1') when the next pen touch is detected. Table 26. STATUS Register (Reset Value = 0004h) MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 DAV Due X DAV Due Y DAV Due Z1 DAV Due Z2 DAV Due AUX DAV Due TEMP1 DAV Due TEMP2 RESRVD (read '0') RESET Flag X CON Y CON RESRVD (read '0') Y SHR PDST ID1 ID0 DAV Bits—Data available bits. These seven bits mirror the operation of the internal signals of DAV. When any processed data are stored in data registers, the corresponding DAV bit is set to '1'. It stays at '1' until the register(s) updated to the processed data have been read out by the host. Table 27. DAV Function DAV DESCRIPTION 0 No new processed data are available. 1 Processed data are available. This will stay at 1 until the host has read out all updated registers. RESET Flag—See Table 28 for the interpretation of the RESET flag bits. Table 28. RESET Flag Bits RESET Flag DESCRIPTION 0 Device was reset since last status poll (hardware or software reset). 1 Device has not been reset since last status poll. X CON—This bit is '1' if the X axis of the touch screen panel is properly connected to the X drivers. This bit is the connection test result. Y CON—This bit is '1' if the Y axis of the touch screen panel is properly connected to the Y drivers. This bit is the connection test result. Y SHR—This bit is '1' if there is no short-circuit tested at the Y axis of the touch screen panel. This bit is the short-circuit test result. 38 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 PDST—Power down status. This bit reflects the setting of the PND0 bit in Control Byte 0. When this bit shows '0', it indicates A/D converter bias circuitry is still powered on after each conversion and before the next sampling; otherwise, it indicates A/D converter bias circuitry is powered down after each conversion and before the next sampling. However, it is powered down between conversion sets. Because this status bit is synchronized with the internal clock, it does not reflect the setting of the PND0 bit until a pen touch is detected or a converter function is running. ID[1:0] Device ID bits: These bits represent the version ID of TSC2004. This version defaults to '00'. DATA REGISTERS The data registers of the TSC2004 hold data results from conversions. All of these registers default to 0000h upon reset. X, Y, Z1, Z2, AUX, TEMP1 and TEMP2 REGISTERS The results of all A/D conversions are placed in the appropriate data registers, as described in Table 10. The data format of the result word (R) of these registers is right-justified, as shown in Table 29. Table 29. Internal Register Format MSB D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 Register Map The TSC2004 has several 16-bit registers that allow control of the device, as well as providing a location to store results from the TSC2004 until read out by the host microprocessor. Table 30 shows the memory map. Table 30. Register Content and Reset Values (1) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 RESET VALUE (HEX) 0 X 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 1 Y 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 2 Z1 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 3 Z2 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 4 AUX 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 5 Temp1 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 6 Temp2 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 (2) S3 S2 S1 S0 0004 0FFF A3-A0 (HEX) (1) (2) REGISTER NAME 7 Status 8 9 Rsvd S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S9 0 S7 S6 S5 AUX High 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 AUX Low 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 A Temp High 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0FFF B Temp Low C CFR0 0 0 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 4000 D CFR1 0 0 E CFR2 R15 R14 0 0 R11 R10 R9 R8 0 0 0 0 0 R2 R1 R0 0000 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 0 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 F Converter Function Select Status 0000 R15 R14 R13 R12 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 0000 Rsvd (2) For all combination bits, the pattern marked as Rsvd (reserved) must not be used. The default pattern is read back after reset. This bit is reserved. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 39 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 REGISTER RESET There are three way to reset the TSC2004. First, at power-on, a power good signal generates a prolonged reset pulse internally to all registers. Second, an external pin, RESET, is available to perform a system reset or allow other peripherals (such as a display) to reset the device if the pulse meets the timing requirement (at least 10µs wide). Any RESET pulse less than 5µs will be rejected. To accommodate the timing drift between devices because of process variation, a RESET pulse width between 5µs to 10µs falls into the gray area that is not recognized, and the result is undetermined; this situation should be avoided. Refer to Figure 38 for details. A good reset pulse must be low for at least 10µs. There is an internal spike filter to reject spikes up to 20ns wide. tWL(RESET) < 5ms tR tR tWL(RESET) ³ 10ms RESET State Normal Operation Resetting Initial Condition NOTE: See Timing Requirements for more information. Figure 38. External Reset Timing Finally, a software reset can be activated by writing a '1' to CB1.1 (bit 1 of control byte 1). It should be noted this reset is not self-clearing so the user must write a '0' to remove the software reset. A reset clears all registers and loads default values. A power-on reset and external (hardware) reset take precedence over a software reset. If a software reset is not cleared by the user, it is cleared by either a power-on reset or an external (hardware) reset. 40 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 THEORY OF OPERATION TOUCH SCREEN MEASUREMENTS As noted previously in the discussion of the A/D converter, several operating modes can be used that allow great flexibility for the host processor. This section examines these different modes. Conversion Controlled by TSC2004 Initiated by TSC2004 (TSMode 1) In TSMode 1, before a pen touch can be detected, the TSC2004 must be programmed with PSM = 1 and one of two scan modes: 1. X-Y-Z Scan (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0000); or 2. X-Y Scan (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0001). See Table 7 for more information on the converter function select bits. When the touch panel is touched, and the internal pen-touch signal activates, the PINTDAV output is lowered if it is programmed as PENIRQ. The TSC2004 then executes the preprogrammed scan function without a host intervention. At the same time, the TSC2004 starts up its internal clock. It then turns on the Y-drivers, and after a programmed panel voltage stabilization time, powers up the A/D converter and converts the Y coordinate. If preprocessing is selected, several conversions may take place. When data preprocessing is complete, the Y coordinate result is stored in a temporary register. If the screen is still touched at this time, the X-drivers are enabled, and the process repeats, but measures the X coordinate instead, and stores the result in a temporary register. If only X and Y coordinates are to be measured, then the conversion process is complete. A set of X and Y coordinates are stored in the X and Y registers. Figure 39 shows a flowchart for this process. The time it takes to go through this process depends upon the selected resolution, internal conversion clock rate, panel voltage stabilization time, precharge and sense times, and whether preprocessing is selected. The time needed to get a complete X and Y coordinate (sample set) reading can be calculated by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ ǓǓ f L OH DLY1 t COORDINATE + OH1 )2 @ t PVS)t PRE)t SNS) )2 @ N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OHCONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC f OSC (5) Where: tCOORDINATE = time to complete X/Y coordinate reading. tPVS = panel voltage stabilization time, as given in Table 16. tPRE = precharge time, as given in Table 17. tSNS = sense time, as given in Table 18. N = number of measurements for MAV filter input, as given in Table 3 as N. (For no MAV: M1-0[1:0] = '00', W1-0[1:0] = '00', N = 1.) B = number of bits of resolution. fOSC = TSC onboard OSC clock frequency. See Electrical Characteristics for supply frequency (SNSVDD). fADC = A/D converter clock frequency, as given in Table 15. OH1 = overhead time #1 = 2.5 internal clock cycles. OHDLY1 = total overhead time for tPVS, tPRE, and tSNS = 10 internal clock cycles. OHCONV = total overhead time for A/D conversion = 3 internal clock cycles. LPPRO = preprocessor preprocessing time as given in Table 31. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 41 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Table 31. Preprocessing Delay LPPRO = M= W= FOR B = 12 BIT 1 1, 4, 8, 16 2 2 3, 7 1 28 24 7 3 31 27 15 1 31 29 15 3 34 32 15 7 38 36 Programmed for Self-Control (PSM = 1) X-Y Scan Mode (Control Byte1 D[6:3] = 0001) TSC Not Addressed Reading X-Data Register FOR B = 10 BIT Reading Y-Data Register tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch PINTDAV Programmed: Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for Y Coordinate Touch is Detected Detecting Touch Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for X Coordinate Detecting Touch Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for Y Coordinate Detecting Touch Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 Touch is Detected As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 00 Figure 39. Example of an X and Y Coordinate Touch Screen Scan using TSMode 1 42 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 If the pressure of the touch is also to be measured, the process continues in the same way, but measuring the Z1 and Z2 values instead, and storing the results in temporary registers. Once the complete sample set of data (X, Y, Z1, and Z2) are available, they are loaded in the X, Y, Z1, and Z2 registers. This process is illustrated in Figure 40. As before, this process time depends upon the settings described above. The time for a complete X, Y, Z1, and Z2 coordinate reading is given by: ǒ ǒ ǒ Ǔ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ ǓǓ f L OH DLY1 t COORDINATE + OH2 )3 @ t PVS)t PRE)t SNS) )4 @ N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OHCONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC f OSC (6) Where: OH2 = overhead time #2 = 3.5 internal clock cycles. Programmed for Self-Control (PSM = 1) X-Y-Z1-Z2 Scan Mode (Control Byte1 D[6:3] = 0000) TSC Not Addressed Reading X-Data Register Reading Reading Y-Data Z1-Data Register Register Reading Z2-Data Register tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch Sample, Conversion, Sample, Conversion, Detecting Detecting and Preprocessing for and Preprocessing for Touch Touch X Coordinate Y Coordinate PINTDAV Programmed: Touch is Detected Touch is Detected Sample, Conversion, Sample, Conversion, Detecting and Preprocessing for and Preprocessing for Touch Y Coordinate Z1 Coordinate and Z2 Coordinate Detecting Touch Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 Touch is Detected As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 00 Figure 40. Example of an X, Y, and Z Coordinate Touch Screen Scan using TSMode 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 43 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Conversion Controlled by TSC2004 Initiated by Host (TSMode 2) In TSMode 2, the TSC2004 detects when the touch panel is touched and causes the internal Pen-Touch signal to activate, which lowers the PINTDAV output if it is programmed as PENIRQ. The host recognizes the interrupt request, and then writes to the A/D Converter Control register to select one of the two touch screen scan functions: 1. X-Y-Z Scan (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0000); or 2. X-Y Scan (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0001). See Table 7 for more information on the converter function select bits. The conversion process then proceeds as shown in Figure 41; see the previous sections for more details. The main difference between this mode and the previous mode is that the host, not the TSC2004, decides when the touch screen scan begins. The time needed to convert both X and Y coordinates under host control (not including the time needed to send the command over the I2C bus) is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ ǓǓ f L OH DLY1 t COORDINATE + OH1 )2 @ t PVS)t PRE)t SNS) )2 @ N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OHCONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC f OSC Programmed for HostControlled Mode (PSM = 0) TSC Not Programmed Addressed for TSC Not Addressed X-Y Scan Mode Reading X-Data Register Reading Y-Data Register (7) TSC Not Addressed tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch PINTDAV Programmed: Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for Y Coordinate Detecting Sample, Conversion, Detecting Sample, Conversion, Detecting and Preprocessing for and Preprocessing for Touch Touch Touch X Coordinate Y Coordinate Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 Touch is Detected As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 Touch is Still Here As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 00 Figure 41. Example of an X and Y Coordinate Touch Screen Scan using TSMode 2 44 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Conversion Controlled by Host (TSMode 3) In TSMode 3, the TSC2004 detects when the touch panel is touched and causes the internal Pen-Touch signal to be active, which lowers the PINTDAV output if it is programmed as PENIRQ. The host recognizes the interrupt request. Instead of starting a sequence in the TSC2004, which then reads each coordinate in turn, the host must now control all aspects of the conversion. Generally, upon receiving the interrupt request, the host turns on the X drivers. (NOTE: If drivers are not turned on, the device detects this condition and turns them on before the scan starts. This situation is why the event of Turn On Drivers is shown as optional in Figure 42 and Figure 43.) After waiting for the settling time, the host then addresses the TSC2004 again, this time requesting an X coordinate conversion. The process is then repeated for the Y and Z coordinates. The processes are outlined in Figure 42 and Figure 43. Figure 42 shows two consecutive scans on X and Y. Figure 43 shows a single Z scan. The time needed to convert any single coordinate X or Y under host control (not including the time needed to send the command over the I2C bus) is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L OHDLY2 t COORDINATE + OH1 ) t PRE)t SNS) )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OH CONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC (8) Where: OHDLY2 = total overhead time for tPRE and tSNS = 6 internal clock cycles. Programmed for HostControlled Mode (PSM = 0) TSC Not Addressed Programmed for: Turn On X+ and XDrivers (1) X Scan Mode Programmed for: TSC Not Addressed Reading X-Data Register Turn On Y+ and YDrivers (1) Y Scan Mode tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch PINTDAV Programmed: Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Touch is Detected Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for X Coordinate Detecting Touch TSC Not Addressed TSC Not Reading Addressed Y-Data Register tCOORDINATE Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for Y Coordinate Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Touch is Detected Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 00 NOTE: (1) Optional. If not turned on, it will be turned on by the Scan mode, once detected. Figure 42. Example of X and Y Coordinate Touch Screen Scan using TSMode 3 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 45 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 The time needed to convert any Z1 and Z2 coordinate under host control (not including the time needed to send the command over the I2C bus) is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L OHDLY2 t COORDINATE + OH2 ) t PRE)t SNS) )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OH CONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC (9) Programmed for: TSC Not Addressed Programmed for Host-Controlled Mode (PSM = 0) Turn On Y+ and XDrivers(1) TSC Not Addressed Z Scan Mode Reading Z1-Data Register TSC Not Addressed Reading Z2-Data Register tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] PINTDAV Programmed: Sample, Conversion, Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing and Preprocessing for Z1 Coordinate for Z2 Coordinate Detecting Touch Touch is Detected Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2D[15:14] = 00 NOTE: (1) Optional. If not turned on, it will be turned on by the Scan mode, once detected. Figure 43. Example of Z1 and Z2 Coordinate Touch Screen Scan (without Panel Stabilization Time) using TSMode 3 If the drivers are not turned on before the touch screen scan mode is programmed, the panel stabilization time should be included. In this case, the time needed to convert any single X or Y under host control (not including the time needed to send the command over the I2C bus) is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L OH DLY1 t COORDINATE + OH2 ) t PVS)t PRE)t SNS) )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OHCONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC TSC Programmed Not Addressed for Programmed for Host-Controlled Mode (PSM = 0) TSC Not Addressed Z1-Z2 Scan Mode Reading Z1-Data Register Reading Z2-Data Register (10) TSC Not Addressed tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] PINTDAV Programmed: Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for Z1, Z2 Coordinates Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 Touch is Still Here As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2D[15:14] = 00 Figure 44. Example of a Z1 and Z2 Coordinate Touch Screen Scan (with Panel Stabilization Time) using TSMode 3 46 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 The time needed to convert any single coordinate (either X or Y) under host control (not including the time needed to send the command over the I2C bus) is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L OH DLY1 t COORDINATE + OH1 ) t PVS)t PRE)t SNS) )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OHCONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC TSC Programmed Not Addressed for Programmed for Host-Controlled Mode (PSM = 0) TSC Not Addressed X Scan Mode (11) TSC Not Addressed Reading X-Data Register tCOORDINATE Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Sample, Conversion, and Preprocessing for X Coordinate Detecting Touch Waiting for Host to Write Into Control Byte 1 D[6:3] PINTDAV Programmed: Touch is Detected As PENIRQ, CFR2, D[15:14] = 10 As DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 11 or 01 Touch is Still Here As PENIRQ and DAV, CFR2, D[15:14] = 00 Figure 45. Example of a Single X Coordinate Touch Screen Scan (with Panel Stabilization Time) using TSMode 3 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 47 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 AUXILIARY AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT The TSC2004 can measure the voltage from the auxiliary input (AUX) and from the internal temperature sensor. Applications for the AUX can include external temperature sensing, ambient light monitoring for controlling backlighting, or sensing the current drawn from batteries. There are two converter functions that can be used for the measurement of the AUX: 1. Non-continuous AUX measurement shown in Figure 46 (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0101); or 2. Continuous AUX Measurement shown in Figure 47 (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 1000). See Table 7 for more information on the converter function select bits. There are also two converter functions for the measurement of the internal temperature sensor: 1. TEMP1 measurement (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0110); or 2. TEMP2 measurement (converter function select bits C[3:0] = Control Byte 1 D[6:3] = 0111). See Table 7 for more information on the converter function select bits. For the detailed calculation of the internal temperature sensor, please see the Internal Temperature Sensor section. These two converter functions have the same timing as the non-continuous AUX measurement operation as shown in Figure 46; therefore, Equation 12 can also be used for internal temperature sensor measurement. The time needed to make a non-continuous auxiliary measurement or an internal temperature sensor measurement is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L t COORDINATE + OH3 )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OH CONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC (12) Where: OH3 = overhead time #3 = 3.5 internal clock cycles. TSC Not Addressed Programmed for Non-Continuous AUX Measurement TSC Not Addressed TSC Not Addressed Reading AUX-Data Register tCOORDINATE No Touch Detected Host Write to Control Byte 1 D[6:3] Sample, Conversion, and Averaging for AUX Measurement No Touch Detected Waiting for Host to Read AUX Data As DAV Figure 46. Non-Touch Screen, Non-Continuous AUX Measurement The time needed to make continuous auxiliary measurement is given by: ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ ǒ Ǔ f L t COORDINATE + OH3 )N @ (B)2) @ OSC )OH CONV @ 1 ) PPRO f OSC f OSC f ADC f OSC TSC Not Addressed No Touch Detected Programmed for Continuous AUX Measurement Host to Write to Control Byte 1 D[6:3] (13) TSC TSC Not Reading Not Addressed Reading Addressed AUX-Data AUX-Data Register Register TSC Not Addressed tCOORDINATE tCOORDINATE tCOORDINATE Sample, Conversion, and Averaging for AUX Measurement Sample, Conversion, and Averaging for AUX Measurement Sample, Conversion, and Averaging for AUX Measurement As DAV Figure 47. Non-Touch Screen, Continuous AUX Measurement 48 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 LAYOUT The following layout suggestions should obtain optimum performance from the TSC2004. However, many portable applications have conflicting requirements for power, cost, size, and weight. In general, most portable devices have fairly clean power and grounds because most of the internal components are very low power. This situation would mean less bypassing for the converter power and less concern regarding grounding. Still, each application is unique and the following suggestions should be reviewed carefully. For optimum performance, care should be taken with the physical layout of the TSC2004 circuitry. The basic SAR architecture is sensitive to glitches or sudden changes on the power supply, reference, ground connections, and digital inputs that occur just prior to latching the output of the analog comparator. Therefore, during any single conversion for an n-bit SAR converter, there are n windows in which large external transient voltages can easily affect the conversion result. Such glitches might originate from switching power supplies, nearby digital logic, and high power devices. The degree of error in the digital output depends on the reference voltage, layout, and the exact timing of the external event. The error can change if the external event changes in time with respect to the SCL input. With this in mind, power to the TSC2004 should be clean and well-bypassed. A 0.1µF ceramic bypass capacitor should be added between (SNSVDD to AGND and SNSGND) or (I/OVDD to DGND). A 0.1µF decoupling capacitor between VREF to AGND is also needed unless the SNSVDD is used as a reference input and is connected to VREF. These capacitors must be placed as close to the device as possible. A 1µF to 10µF capacitor may also be needed if the impedance of the connection between SNSVDD and the power supply is high. The I/OVDD needs to be shorted to the same supply plane as the SNSVDD. Short both SNSVDD and I/OVDD to the analog VDD plane. The A/D converter architecture offers no inherent rejection of noise or voltage variation in regards to using an external reference input, which is of particular concern when the reference input is tied to the power supply for auxiliary input and temperature measurements. Any noise and ripple from the supply appears directly in the digital results. While high-frequency noise can be filtered out by the built-in MAV filter, voltage variation as a result of line frequency (50Hz or 60Hz) can be difficult to remove. Some package options have pins labeled as NC (no connection). It is recommended that these NC pins be connected to the ground plane. Avoid any active trace going under the analog pins listed in the Pin Assignments table, unless they are shielded by a ground or power plane. All GND (AGND, DGND, SUBGND and SNSGND) pins should be connected to a clean ground point. In many cases, this point is the analog ground. Avoid connections that are too near the grounding point of a microcontroller or digital signal processor. If needed, run a ground trace directly from the converter to the power-supply entry or battery connection point. The ideal layout includes an analog ground plane dedicated to the converter and associated analog circuitry. In the specific case of use with a resistive touch screen, care should be taken with the connection between the converter and the touch screen. Because resistive touch screens have fairly low resistance, the interconnection should be as short and robust as possible. Loose connections can be a source of error when the contact resistance changes with flexing or vibrations. As indicated previously, noise can be a major source of error in touch-screen applications (for example, applications that require a back-lit LCD panel). This electromagnetic interfence (EMI) noise can be coupled through the LCD panel to the touch screen and cause flickering of the converted A/D converter data. Several things can be done to reduce this error, such as using a touch screen with a bottom-side metal layer connected to ground, which couples the majority of noise to ground. Another way to filter out this type of noise is by using the TSC2004 built-in MAV filter (see the Preprocessing section). Filtering capacitors, from Y+, Y–, X+, and X– to ground, can also help. Note, however, that the use of these capacitors increases screen settling time and requires longer panel voltage stabilization times, and also increases precharge and sense times for the PINTADV circuitry of the TSC2004. The resistor value varies depending on the touch screen sensor used. The internal 50kΩ pull-up resistor (RIRQ) may be adequate for most of sensors. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 49 TSC2004 www.ti.com SBAS408E – JUNE 2007 – REVISED MARCH 2008 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision D (February 2008) to Revision E ............................................................................................. Page • • • • • • Changed air gap discharge from 18kV to 25kV in the ESD protection discharge sub-bullets of Features ........................... 1 Deleted "Target" from the ESD protection discharge sub-bullets of Features ...................................................................... 1 Changed IEC air discharge in the Absolute Maximum Ratings from ±18 to ±25 .................................................................. 2 Changed resistance ratio from 80 to 91 .............................................................................................................................. 17 Changed resistance ratio from 80 to 91 .............................................................................................................................. 17 Changed T factor from 2.648 to 2.573................................................................................................................................. 17 Changes from Revision C (October 2007) to Revision D ............................................................................................... Page • • • • • • • • • • • • • 50 Deleted references to WCSP package availability ................................................................................................................ 1 Changed HBM ESD protection from 6kV to 8kV in Features bullet ...................................................................................... 1 Changed clock frequency for SNSVDD = 1.2V from 3.3 to 3.2............................................................................................. 3 Changed clock frequency (for SNSVDD = 1.6V) min value from 3.6 to 3.3 and typ value from 3.9 to 3.7........................... 3 Added SNSVDD = I/OVDD = VREF = 1.6V condition to power-down supply current ............................................................. 3 Changed power-down supply current typ value from 0 to 0.023 ........................................................................................... 3 Changed Figure 9 ............................................................................................................................................................... 10 Changed Equation 8; moved paren ..................................................................................................................................... 45 Changed Equation 9; moved paren ..................................................................................................................................... 46 Changed Equation 10; moved paren ................................................................................................................................... 46 Changed Equation 11; moved paren ................................................................................................................................... 47 Changed Equation 12; moved paren ................................................................................................................................... 48 Changed Equation 13; moved paren ................................................................................................................................... 48 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TSC2004 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 12-May-2009 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TSC2004IRTJR ACTIVE QFN RTJ 20 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TSC2004IRTJRG4 ACTIVE QFN RTJ 20 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TSC2004IRTJT ACTIVE QFN RTJ 20 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TSC2004IRTJTG4 ACTIVE QFN RTJ 20 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TSC2004IYZKR ACTIVE DSBGA YZK 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TSC2004IYZKT ACTIVE DSBGA YZK 24 250 SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. 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Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device TSC2004IRTJR Package Package Pins Type Drawing QFN RTJ 20 SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 3000 330.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 TSC2004IRTJT QFN RTJ 20 250 180.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 TSC2004IYZKR DSBGA YZK 24 3000 180.0 8.4 2.75 2.75 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 TSC2004IYZKR DSBGA YZK 24 3000 178.0 8.4 2.75 2.75 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 TSC2004IYZKT DSBGA YZK 24 250 180.0 8.4 2.75 2.75 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 TSC2004IYZKT DSBGA YZK 24 250 178.0 8.4 2.75 2.75 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TSC2004IRTJR QFN RTJ 20 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 TSC2004IRTJT QFN RTJ 20 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 TSC2004IYZKR DSBGA YZK 24 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TSC2004IYZKR DSBGA YZK 24 3000 217.0 193.0 35.0 TSC2004IYZKT DSBGA YZK 24 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 TSC2004IYZKT DSBGA YZK 24 250 217.0 193.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 D: Max = 2.598 mm, Min =2.538 mm E: Max = 2.598 mm, Min =2.538 mm IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46C and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48B. 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