600 mA, 6 MHz, Synchronous Step-Down DC-to-DC Converter ADP2121 FEATURES Mobile phones Digital cameras Digital audio Portable equipment VIN SW B1 C2 GND FB C1 EN MODE B2 A1 ON OFF 0.47µH COUT 4.7µF PWM 07407-001 AUTO *FOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 2.3 V, INPUT VOLTAGE = 2.9 V TO 5.5V. Figure 1. TYPICAL PERFORMANCE 95 AUTO MODE VIN = 2.7 V (VIN = 2.9V FOR VOUT = 2.3V) 85 75 65 GENERAL DESCRIPTION At high load currents, the device uses a voltage regulating pulsewidth modulation (PWM) mode that maintains a constant frequency with excellent stability and transient response. In forced PWM mode, the converter continues operating in PWM for light loads. At light load conditions in auto mode, the ADP2121 can automatically enter a power-saving mode that uses pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) to reduce the effective switching frequency and ensure the longest battery life in portable applications. During logic controlled shutdown (EN ≤ 0.4 V), the input is disconnected from the output and draws less than 0.3 μA current (typical) from the source. A2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 1.8V, 1.82V, 1.85V, 1.875V, 2.3V CIN 2.2µF 55 0.1 The ADP2121 is a high frequency, low quiescent current step-down dc-to-dc converter optimized for portable applications in which board area and battery life are critical constraints. The 6 MHz operating frequency enables the use of tiny ceramic inductors and capacitors. Additionally, the synchronous rectification improves efficiency and results in fewer external components. L VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 1 10 100 1000 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 07407-062 APPLICATIONS ADP2121 INPUT VOLTAGE* 2.3V TO 5.5V EFFICIENCY (%) Peak efficiency: 92% Operating frequency: 6 MHz Typical quiescent current in auto mode: 36 µA Fixed output voltage: 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, 2.3 V Maximum guaranteed load current: 600 mA at VIN = 2.7 V to 5.5 V Input voltage: 2.3 V to 5.5 V Typical shutdown supply current: 0.3 µA Automatic power-saving mode Compatible with tiny multilayer inductors Internal synchronous rectifier Internal compensation Internal soft start Output to ground short-circuit protection Cycle-by-cycle current-limit protection Enable/shutdown logic input Undervoltage lockout Thermal shutdown protection Ultrasmall 6-ball, 0.4 mm pitch, 1.17 mm2 WLCSP TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT Figure 2. Efficiency vs. Load Current for Each Voltage Option The ADP2121 has an input voltage range of 2.3 V to 5.5 V (2.9 V to 5.5 V for VOUT = 2.3 V), allowing the use of a single Li+/Li− polymer cell, 3-cell alkaline or Ni-MH cell, and other standard power sources. The converter can source up to 600 mA and is internally compensated to minimize external components. Other key features, such as cycle-by-cycle peak current limit, soft start, undervoltage lockout (UVLO), output-to-ground short-circuit protection, and thermal shutdown, protect the internal and external circuit components. Table 1. Output Voltage Options Input Voltage Range (V) 2.3 to 5.5 2.3 to 5.5 2.9 to 5.5 Typical Start-Up Time (μs) 75 275 100 Fixed Output Voltage (V) 1.8, 1.85, 1.875 1.82 2.3 Rev. B Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. www.analog.com Tel: 781.329.4700 Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2009–2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADP2121 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 14 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Overview ..................................................................................... 14 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Mode Selection ........................................................................... 14 Typical Application Circuit ............................................................. 1 Enable/Shutdown ....................................................................... 15 Typical Performance......................................................................... 1 Internal Control Features .......................................................... 15 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Applications Information .............................................................. 17 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Inductor Selection ...................................................................... 17 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 4 Input Capacitor Selection .......................................................... 17 Thermal Data ................................................................................ 4 Output Capacitor Selection....................................................... 17 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 4 PCB Layout Guidelines .................................................................. 19 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 4 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 20 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 5 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 20 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 REVISION HISTORY 1/11—Rev. A to Rev. B Changes to Table 2 Summary.......................................................... 3 Changes to Undervoltage Lockout Threshold Parameter and Output Voltage Accuracy Parameter in Table 2 ........................... 3 6/10—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Features, General Description, Figure 1, and Figure 2; Added Table 1; Renumbered Sequentially ................ 1 Changes to Table 2 ............................................................................ 3 Changes to Table 3 ............................................................................ 4 Change to Typical Performance Characteristics Condition Statement; Reorganized Typical Performance Characteristics Section; Changes to Figure 4, Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 9; Added Figure 5 and Figure 8; Renumbered Sequentially ....... 6 Changes to Figure 10 to Figure 12; Added Figure 13 to Figure 15 ... 7 Changes to Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 19, and Figure 20..........8 Changes to Figure 22; Added Figure 23 and Figure 24 ................9 Added Figure 40, Figure 42, Figure 43, and Figure 45 .............. 12 Added Figure 46 and Figure 48; Changes to Figure 47 ............. 13 Changes to Figure 51 and the Overview Section ....................... 14 Changes to the Auto Mode (PFM and PWM Switching) Section, Figure 53, the Mode Transition Section, and the Enable/ Shutdown Section ....................................................................... 15 Changes to the Output Short-Circuit Protection Section and Figure 55 ...................................................................................... 16 Changes to the Output Capacitor Selection Section ................. 17 Changes to Table 6, Table 7, and Table 8 ..................................... 18 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 20 4/09—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. B | Page 2 of 20 ADP2121 SPECIFICATIONS VIN = EN = 3.6 V; VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, and 2.3 V; typical values are at TA = 25°C; and minimum/maximum limits guaranteed for TJ = −40°C to +125°C, 1 unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameters SUPPLY Input Voltage Range Quiescent Current Shutdown Current UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT Undervoltage Lockout Threshold Conditions Min VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V VOUT = 2.3 V Auto mode, no load, not switching, TA = −40°C to 85°C PWM mode, no load VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VEN = 0 V, TA = −40°C to 85°C VOUT = 2.3 V, VEN = 0 V, TA = −40°C to 85°C 2.3 2.9 VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VIN rising VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VIN falling 1.6 VOUT = 2.3 V, VIN rising OUTPUT Maximum Continuous Output Current 2 Output Voltage Accuracy 3 Load Regulation 4 Feedback Bias Current SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS SW On Resistance (RDSon) SW Leakage Current SW Current Limit Oscillator Frequency EN/MODE INPUT LOGIC High Threshold Voltage Low Threshold Voltage Leakage Current SOFT START Soft Start Period 5 1.9 VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VIN = 2.3 V VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VIN = 2.5 V VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, VIN = 2.7 V to 5.5 V VOUT = 2.3 V, VIN = 2.9 V to 5.5 V Auto mode, VIN = 3.6 V, TA = 25°C, no load, with respect to VOUT PWM mode, VIN = 2.5 V to 4.5 V, no load, with respect to VOUT PWM mode, ILOAD = 1 mA to 600 mA VOUT = 1.8 V, VFB = 1.8 V and VOUT = 1.82 V, VFB = 1.82 V VOUT = 1.85, VFB = 1.85 V and VOUT = 1.875 V, VFB = 1.875 V VOUT = 2.3 V, VFB = 2.3 V 300 500 600 600 −3 −3 Unit 5.5 5.5 56 V V µA mA µA µA 1 1.5 2.1 2.3 2.0 V V 2.6 V 2.3 V −0.2 3.8 4.1 6.4 8 8 8 mA mA mA mA % % %/A µA µA µA 1000 1000 6 440 550 5 1222 1222 6.64 mΩ mΩ µA mA mA MHz 0.01 0.4 1 V V µA +3 +3 220 260 790 828 5.36 Max 36 10 0.3 0.4 2.4 VOUT = 2.3 V, VIN falling P-channel switch N-channel synchronous rectifier VIN = 5.5 V, VSW = 0 V and 5.5 V P-channel switch, open loop, TA = −40°C to 125°C P-channel switch, open loop, TA = −40°C to 85°C Typ VIN = 2.3 V to 5.5 V 1.3 VIN = VEN = VMODE = 5.5 V Time from EN ≥ 1.2 V to stable VOUT VOUT = 1.82 V, RLOAD = 5.1 Ω VOUT = 1.8 V, 1.85 V, 1.875 V, RLOAD = 5.1 Ω VOUT = 2.3 V, RLOAD = 5.1 Ω SHORT-CIRCUIT THRESHOLD THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 275 75 100 1.24 150 15 310 85 115 µs µs µs V °C °C 1 All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard statistical quality control (SQC); typical values are at TA = 25°C. Guaranteed by design. The maximum output current guarantee for 2.3 V to 2.5 V increases linearly from 300 mA to 500 mA. The maximum output current guarantee for 2.5 V to 2.7 V increases linearly from 500 mA to 600 mA. For greater than 2.7 V, the maximum output current guarantee is 600 mA. 3 Transients not included in voltage accuracy specifications. For PFM mode, the VOUT accuracy specification is for the upper point of the ripple. 2 4 The load regulation typical value includes all voltage options. The typical value is different for each voltage option, but can be up to −0.2%/A. 5 Typical value characterized on bench. Maximum specification guaranteed by design. CIN = 2.2 µF (GRM155R60J225M), L = 0.47 µH (LQM2HPNR47MG0L), COUT = 4.7 µF (GRM155R60J475ME87D). Rev. B | Page 3 of 20 ADP2121 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Parameter VIN to GND EN, MODE to GND FB, SW to GND Operating Ambient Temperature Range (ILOAD ≤ 600 mA) Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Soldering Conditions ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) Human Body Model Rating −0.3 V to +6 V −0.3 V to VIN −0.3 V to VIN + 0.2 V –40°C to +85°C The junction temperature (TJ) of the device is dependent on the ambient temperature (TA), the power dissipation of the device (PD), and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the package (θJA). Maximum junction temperature (TJ) is calculated from the ambient temperature (TA) and power dissipation (PD) using the following formula: TJ = TA + (PD × θJA) The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA) of the package is based on modeling and calculation using a 2- and 4-layer board. The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is highly dependent on the application and board layout. In applications where high maximum power dissipation exists, close attention to thermal board design is required. –40°C to + 125°C –45°C to +150°C JEDEC J-STD-020 ±4 kV Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL DATA Absolute maximum ratings apply individually only, not in combination. The ADP2121 can be damaged when the junction temperature limits are exceeded. Monitoring ambient temperature does not guarantee that the junction temperature (TJ) is within the specified temperature limits. In applications with high power dissipation and poor PCB thermal resistance, the maximum ambient temperature may need to be derated. In applications with moderate power dissipation and low PCB thermal resistance, the maximum ambient temperature can exceed the maximum limit as long as the junction temperature is within specification limits. The value of θJA may vary, depending on PCB material, layout, and environmental conditions. Refer to JEDEC JESD51-9 for detailed information about board construction. THERMAL RESISTANCE The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the system (θJA) is specified for worst-case conditions, that is, a device soldered in a circuit board for surface-mount packages. Table 4. Package Type 6-Ball WLCSP 2-Layer Board 4-Layer Board ESD CAUTION Rev. B | Page 4 of 20 θJA Unit 198 105 °C/W °C/W ADP2121 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS BALL A1 INDICATOR 1 2 MODE VIN A SW EN FB GND B TOP VIEW (BALL SIDE DOWN) (BUMPS ON OPPOSITE SIDE) Not to Scale 07407-003 C Figure 3. Pin Configuration Table 5. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. A1 Mnemonic MODE B1 C1 SW FB A2 B2 C2 VIN EN GND Description Mode Select. This pin toggles between auto mode (PFM and PWM switching) and PWM mode. Set MODE low to allow the part to operate in auto mode. Pull MODE high to force the part to operate in PWM mode. The voltage applied to MODE should never be higher than the voltage applied to VIN. Do not leave this pin floating. Switch Node. Feedback Divider Input. Connect the output capacitor from FB to GND as close as possible to the ADP2121 to set the output voltage ripple and to complete the control loop. Power Supply Input. Connect the input capacitor from VIN to GND as close as possible to the ADP2121. Enable. Pull this pin high to enable the part. Set this pin low to disable the part. Do not leave this pin floating. Ground Pin. Rev. B | Page 5 of 20 ADP2121 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 1.82 V, L = 0.47 µH (1800 mA, 1008, LQM2HPNR47MG0L), CIN = 2.2 µF (6.3 V, 0402, X5R, GRM155R60J225M), COUT = 4.7 µF (6.3 V, 0402, X5R, GRM155R60J475ME87D), EN = VIN, and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 100 100 90 AUTO MODE 80 80 70 VIN = 2.7V 60 40 30 VIN = 3.6V PWM MODE VIN = 4.2V IOUT = 1mA 40 10 VOUT = 1.82 V VOUT = 1.82V 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 1000 07407-004 1 0 2.3 Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Load Current 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 Figure 7. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage (Auto Mode) 100 93 IOUT = 100mA 90 AUTO MODE 90 80 EFFICIENCY (%) 70 EFFICIENCY (%) IOUT = 10mA 20 10 60 50 40 30 PWM MODE VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 10 1 10 100 1000 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 87 84 81 78 75 2.3 07407-049 20 0 0.1 IOUT = 100mA 50 30 VIN = 5.0V 20 0 0.1 IOUT = 300mA 60 07407-007 50 EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 70 VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 07407-050 90 Figure 8. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage for All Output Voltages (Auto Mode) Figure 5. Efficiency vs. Load Current for All Output Voltages 100 100 L = 0.47µH 1008 95 90 AUTO MODE 90 L = 0.47µH 0805 EFFICIENCY (%) PWM MODE 50 40 L = 0.47µH 0805 70 L = 0.45µH 0603 60 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 1000 AUTO MODE VIN = 2.7V VOUT = 1.82V 55 VIN = 2.7V VOUT = 1.82V 1 75 65 L = 0.45µH 0603 30 20 0.1 80 50 2.3 Figure 6. Efficiency vs. Load Current for Various Inductor Sizes 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 Figure 9. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage for Various Inductor Sizes Rev. B | Page 6 of 20 07407-019 60 85 L = 0.47µH 1008 70 07407-016 EFFICIENCY (%) 80 ADP2121 40 44 VOUT = 1.82V 40 38 TA = +25°C 36 34 TA = –40°C 38 36 34 VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 32 32 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 30 2.3 07407-010 30 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 10. Auto Mode Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Over Temperature (Nonswitching, No Load) 07407-051 TA = +85°C QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 42 Figure 13. Auto Mode Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage for All Voltage Options (Nonswitching, No Load) 0.8 0.7 VOUT = 1.82V 0.6 0.6 TA = +85°C 0.5 0.4 TA = +25°C 0.3 TA = –40°C 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 0.1 0.1 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 0 2.3 07407-011 0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 11. Shutdown Current vs. Input Voltage Over Temperature 07407-052 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) 0.7 Figure 14. Shutdown Current vs. Input Voltage for All Voltage Options 16 15 VOUT = 1.82V TA = +85°C 13 TA = +25°C 12 10 TA = –40°C 8 11 9 7 VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 5 6 VOUT = 1.82V 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 3 2.3 07407-013 4 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 12. PWM Mode Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Over Temperature (Switching, No Load) Rev. B | Page 7 of 20 Figure 15. PWM Mode Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage for All Voltage Options (Switching, No Load) 07407-053 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 14 ADP2121 100 90 85 90 TA = –40°C 200 TA = +25°C 65 60 VIN = 5.0V 60 VIN = 4.2V 50 40 TA = +85°C VIN = 2.7V 20 AUTO MODE VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 50 POWER LOSS 10 1000 0 0.1 07407-006 50 1 100 VIN = 3.6V 30 55 45 0.1 150 Figure 16. Efficiency vs. Load Current Over Temperature 1 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 0 1000 100 07407-009 70 POWER LOSS (mW) 70 75 EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY 80 80 Figure 19. Efficiency and Power Loss vs. Load Current (Auto Mode) 1.87 1.835 VOUT = 1.82V VIN = 2.7V VIN = 5.0V 1.86 VIN = 5.0V 1.830 VIN = 4.2V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 250 VOUT = 1.82 V 1.85 1.84 VIN = 3.6V 1.825 VIN = 3.6V VIN = 4.2V VIN = 2.7V 1.820 1.83 VOUT = 1.82V 100 1000 1 PWM MODE Figure 17. Output Voltage Accuracy (Auto Mode) 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 07407-008 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1.815 07407-005 AUTO MODE 1.82 0.1 1 Figure 20. Output Voltage Accuracy (PWM Mode) 360 400 340 350 P-CHANNEL R DSON (mΩ) 300 280 TA = +85°C 260 240 TA = +25°C 300 250 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C 200 220 150 TA = –40°C 200 TA = –40°C 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 100 2.3 Figure 18. N-Channel Drain-Source On Resistance 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 Figure 21. P-Channel Drain-Source On Resistance Rev. B | Page 8 of 20 5.5 07407-012 180 2.3 07407-015 N-CHANNEL R DSON (mΩ) 320 ADP2121 160 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) PWM OPERATION 140 120 100 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) 80 PFM OPERATION 60 40 VOUT = 1.82V 0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 25. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 2.5 V, Auto Mode) 190 VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 180 170 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) 160 150 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) 140 130 PFM OPERATION 110 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 26. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 3.6 V, Auto Mode) 200 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) 180 160 PWM OPERATION 140 120 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.82V VOUT = 1.85V VOUT = 1.875V VOUT = 2.3V 80 60 40 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.7 5.1 5.5 TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 24. Auto Mode Falling Switching Threshold vs. Input Voltage for All Voltage Options Rev. B | Page 9 of 20 Figure 27. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 4.5 V, Auto Mode) 07407-024 100 07407-055 AUTO MODE FALLING SWITCHING THRESHOLD (mA) Figure 23. Auto Mode Rising Switching Threshold vs. Input Voltage for All Voltage Options 07407-023 120 07407-054 AUTO MODE RISING SWITCHING THRESHOLD (mA) Figure 22. Auto Mode Switching Threshold vs. Input Voltage 07407-022 20 07407-014 AUTO MODE SWITCHING THRESHOLD (mA) 180 ADP2121 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) Figure 31. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 2.5 V, Auto Mode) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-026 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 29. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 3.6 V, PWM Mode) Figure 32. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 3.6 V Auto Mode) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V OFFSET) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) 07407-027 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-029 Figure 28. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 2.5 V, PWM Mode) 07407-028 TIME (20µs/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 30. Load Transient Response, 0 mA to 150 mA (VIN = 4.5 V, PWM Mode) Figure 33. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 4.5 V, Auto Mode) Rev. B | Page 10 of 20 07407-030 TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-025 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) ADP2121 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-034 07407-031 TIME (20µs/DIV) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) Figure 37. Load Transient Response, 150 mA to 400 mA (VIN = 2.5 V, PWM Mode) Figure 34. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 2.5 V, PWM Mode) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-035 TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-032 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) Figure 38. Load Transient Response,150 mA to 400 mA (VIN = 3.6 V, PWM Mode) Figure 35. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 3.6 V, PWM Mode) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 39. Load Transient Response, 150 mA to 400 mA (VIN = 4.5 V, PWM Mode) Figure 36. Load Transient Response, 50 mA to 250 mA (VIN = 4.5 V, PWM Mode) Rev. B | Page 11 of 20 07407-036 TIME (20µs/DIV) 07407-033 LOAD CURRENT (100mA/DIV) ADP2121 VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.8V NO LOAD VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.8V RLOAD = 5.1Ω OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) 07407-056 EN PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) 07407-058 INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) EN PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) TIME (10μs/DIV) TIME (10µs/DIV) Figure 40. Start-Up Waveform, No Load Figure 43. Start-Up Waveform, Heavy Load OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V RLOAD = 5.1Ω VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V NO LOAD INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) 07407-018 TIME (40µs/DIV) TIME (40µs/DIV) Figure 41. Start-Up Waveform, No Load VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 2.3V NOLOAD 07407-021 ENABLE PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) ENABLE PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) Figure 44. Start-Up Waveform, Heavy Load VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 2.3V RLOAD = 5.1Ω OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) 07407-057 EN PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) EN PIN VOLTAGE (5V/DIV) TIME (10μs/DIV) TIME (10μs/DIV) Figure 45. Start-Up Waveform, Heavy Load Figure 42. Start-Up Waveform, No Load Rev. B | Page 12 of 20 07407-059 INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) ADP2121 VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.8V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200mV/DIV) SWITCH NODE VOLTAGE (2V/DIV) INDUCTOR CURRENT (500mA/DIV) VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V IOUT = 25mA TIME (200μs/DIV) 07407-017 07407-060 INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) TIME (1µs/DIV) Figure 49. PFM Mode Operation Figure 46. Output Short-Circuit Response OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200mV/DIV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) SWITCH NODE VOLTAGE (1V/DIV) VOUT = 1.82V TIME (1ms/DIV) VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V IOUT = 200mA 07407-037 INDUCTOR CURRENT (500mA/DIV) TIME (100ns/DIV) Figure 50. PWM Mode Operation Figure 47. Output Short-Circuit Response VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 2.3V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200mV/DIV) 07407-061 INDUCTOR CURRENT (500mA/DIV) TIME (200μs/DIV) Figure 48. Output Short-Circuit Response Rev. B | Page 13 of 20 07407-020 INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) ADP2121 THEORY OF OPERATION VBAT 2.3V TO 5.5V 2.2µF X5R 6.3V VIN A2 PVIN FB VOUT AVIN C1 PDRIVE R1 PWM COMP EAMP R2 AGND BG SW SHOOTTHROUGH CONTROL NDRIVE V(VIN) GND COMPENSATION C2 PILIM THERMAL SHUTDOWN PREF 6MHz OSCILLATOR SOFT START REFPFM VOUT 4.7µF X5R 6.3V PGND RAMP AGND 470nH B1 PFM COMPARATOR LOGIC AND PWM/PFM CONTROL AGND ZXCOMP NREF PFM DETECT VIN FB THRESHOLD DETECT BG BANDGAP THRESHOLD DETECT A1 MODE PWM ON OFF 07407-038 B2 EN AUTO Figure 51. Internal Block Diagram OVERVIEW MODE SELECTION The ADP2121 is a high efficiency, synchronous step-down dc-to-dc converter that provides up to 600 mA of continuous output current. It operates from a 2.3 V to 5.5 V input voltage for the 1.8 V, 1.82 V, 1.85 V, and 1.875 V (typical) fixed-output voltages, and from a 2.9 V to 5.5 V input voltage for the 2.3 V (typical) output voltage. The 6 MHz operating frequency enables the use of tiny external components. The internal control schemes of the ADP2121 give excellent stability and transient response. External control for mode selection and device enable provide power-saving options that are aided by internal features such as synchronous rectification and compensation. Other internal features, such as cycle-by-cycle peak current limit, soft start, undervoltage lockout, output-to-ground shortcircuit protection, and thermal shutdown, protect the internal and external circuit components. The ADP2121 has two modes of operation (PWM mode and auto mode), determined by the state of the MODE pin. Pull the MODE pin high to force the converter to operate in PWM mode regardless of the output current. Otherwise, set MODE low to allow the converter to automatically enter the power-saving PFM mode at light load currents. Do not leave this pin floating. The MODE pin is not designed for dynamic control and should not be changed after the ADP2121 is enabled. Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Mode The PWM mode forces the part to maintain a fixed frequency of 6 MHz (typical) over all load conditions. The ADP2121 uses a hybrid proprietary voltage mode control scheme to control the duty cycle over load current and line voltage variation. This control provides excellent stability, transient response, and output regulation but results in lower efficiencies at light load currents. Rev. B | Page 14 of 20 ADP2121 repeats. The output voltage, switching node voltage, and inductor current during this process are shown in Figure 54. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV, 1.82V DC OFFSET) SWITCH NODE VOLTAGE (1V/DIV) SWITCH NODE VOLTAGE (2V/DIV) INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) TIME (100ns/DIV) VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V IOUT = 25mA Figure 52. Typical PWM Operation Auto Mode (PFM and PWM Switching) TIME (1µs/DIV) Auto mode is a power-saving feature that enables the converter to switch between PWM and PFM in response to the output load. Auto mode is enabled when the MODE pin is pulled low. In auto mode, the ADP2121 operates in PFM mode for light load currents and switches to PWM mode for medium and heavy load currents. Figure 53 uses the typical threshold values of the 1.82 V output voltage option to demonstrate the behavior of the ADP2121 in auto mode. The threshold values will shift accordingly for other output voltages. MODE TRANSITION POINT* IOUT = 70mA TO 170mA (TYPICAL) 07407-041 INDUCTOR CURRENT (200mA/DIV) 07407-039 VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 1.82V IOUT = 200mA Figure 54. Typical PFM Operation Mode Transition When the MODE pin is low, the converter switches between PFM and PWM modes automatically to maintain optimal transient response and efficiency. The mode transition point depends on the input voltage. Hysteresis exists in the transition point to prevent instability and decreased efficiencies that could result if the converter were able to oscillate between PFM and PWM for a fixed input voltage and load current. See Figure 22, Figure 23, and Figure 24 for typical values. A switch from PFM to PWM occurs when the output voltage dips below the nominal value of the output voltage option. Switching to PWM allows the converter to maintain efficiency and supply a larger current to the load. 1.875V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.820V TIME (µs) The switch from PWM to PFM occurs when the output current is below the PFM threshold for multiple consecutive switching cycles. Switching to PFM allows the converter to save power by supplying the lighter load current with fewer switching cycles. INDUCTOR CURRENT (mA) TIME (µs) 07407-040 0mA *PFM AND PWM THRESHOLD VARIES WITH INPUT VOLTAGE. SEE FIGURE 22, FIGURE 23 and FIGURE 24 FOR TYPICAL VALUES. Figure 53. PFM-to-PWM Transition Point, VOUT = 1.82 V Figure 53 shows that the output voltage in PFM mode is slightly higher to keep the ADP2121 from oscillating between modes, ensuring stable operation. Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) ENABLE/SHUTDOWN When the converter is operating under light load conditions, the effective switching frequency and supply current are decreased and varied using PFM to regulate the output voltage. This results in improved efficiencies and lower quiescent currents. In PFM mode, the converter only switches when necessary to keep the output voltage within the PFM limits set by an internal comparator (see Figure 53). Switching stops when the upper limit is reached and resumes when the lower limit is reached. The EN input turns the ADP2121 on or off. Connect EN to GND or logic low to shut down the part and reduce the current consumption to 1.0 µA (maximum). Connect EN to VIN or to logic high to enable the part. Do not leave this pin floating. When the upper level is reached, the output stage and oscillator turn off to reduce the quiescent current. During this stage, the output capacitor supplies the current to the load. As the output capacitor discharges and the output voltage reaches the lower PFM comparator threshold, switching resumes and the process INTERNAL CONTROL FEATURES Overcurrent Protection To ensure that excessively high currents do not damage the inductor, the ADP2121 incorporates cycle-by-cycle overcurrent protection. This function is accomplished by monitoring the instantaneous peak current on the power PMOS switch. If this current exceeds the maximum level (1 A typical), the PMOS is immediately turned off. This minimizes the potential for damage to power components during certain faults and transient events. The value listed in Table 2 is an open loop dc tested value. Inherent Rev. B | Page 15 of 20 ADP2121 delays in the current-limit comparator allow a slight increase and variation in this specification. Soft Start To prevent excessive input inrush current at startup, the ADP2121 operates with an internal soft start. When EN goes high, or when the part recovers from a fault (UVLO, TSD, or short-circuit protection), a soft start timer begins. The soft start timer corresponds to the maximum soft start period for the given fixed output voltage. During this time, the peak current limit is gradually increased to its maximum. As seen in Figure 40 through Figure 45, the output voltage passes through several stages to ensure that the converter is able to start up effectively and in proper sequence. After the soft start period has expired, the peak current limit remains at 1 A (typical), and the part enters the operating mode determined by the MODE pin. Output Short-Circuit Protection If the output voltage is inadvertently shorted to GND, a standard dc-to-dc controller delivers maximum power into that short. This may result in a potentially catastrophic failure. To prevent this, the ADP2121 senses when the output voltage is below the short-circuit protection threshold (typically 1.24 V). At this point, the controller turns off for approximately 1.8 ms (VOUT = 1.82 V), 0.44 ms (VOUT = 1.8 V and 1.85 V), or 0.48 ms (VOUT = 2.3 V), and then automatically initiates a soft start sequence. This cycle repeats until the short is removed or the part is disabled. This dramatically reduces the power delivered into the short circuit, yet still allows the converter to recover if the fault is removed. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200mV/DIV) Synchronous Rectification In addition to the P-channel MOSFET switch, the ADP2121 includes an N-channel MOSFET switch to build the synchronous rectifier. The synchronous rectifier improves efficiency, especially for small load currents, and reduces cost and board space by eliminating the need for an external rectifier. The control loop is internally compensated to deliver maximum performance with no additional external components. The ADP2121 is designed to work with 0.47 μH chip inductors and 4.7 μF capacitors (see Table 6, Table 7, and Table 8.) Other values may reduce performance and/or stability. Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) If the input voltage is below the UVLO threshold, the ADP2121 automatically turns off the power switches and places the part into a low power consumption mode. This prevents potentially erratic operation at low input voltages. The UVLO levels have approximately 100 mV of hysteresis to ensure glitch-free startup. INDUCTOR CURRENT (500mA/DIV) TIME (1ms/DIV) 07407-042 Compensation Figure 55. Output Short-Circuit Protection, VOUT = 1.82 V Thermal Shutdown (TSD) Protection The ADP2121 also includes TSD protection. If the die temperature exceeds 150°C (typical), the TSD protection activates and turns off the power devices. They remain off until the die temperature falls below 135°C (typical), at which point the converter restarts. Rev. B | Page 16 of 20 ADP2121 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The external component selection for the ADP2121 applications circuit is driven by the load requirement and begins with the selection of the inductor. After the inductor is chosen, CIN and COUT can be selected. Components can be identified using the selection guide and recommended selection tables in this section. INDUCTOR SELECTION The high switching frequency of the ADP2121 allows for minimal output voltage ripple, even with small inductors. Inductor sizing is a trade-off between efficiency and transient response. A small inductor leads to a larger inductor current ripple, which provides better transient response but degrades efficiency. Due to the high switching frequency of the ADP2121, multilayer ceramic inductors can be used for an overall smaller solution size. Shielded ferrite core inductors are recommended for their low core losses and low electromagnetic interference (EMI). As a guideline, the peak-to-peak current ripple of the inductor is typically set to ΔIL = 0.45 × ILOAD (1) where ILOAD is the maximum output current. The largest ripple current, ΔIL, occurs at the maximum input voltage. It is important that the inductor be capable of handling the maximum peak inductor current, IPK, determined by the following equation: IPK = ILOAD(MAX) + ΔIL/2 (2) The dc current rating of the inductor should be greater than the calculated IPK to prevent core saturation. The ADP2121 is designed for applications with a 0.47 µH inductor. Other values are not recommended, and stable operation over all conditions is not guaranteed with their use. Table 6 shows the available 0.47 µH surface-mount inductors that have been tested with the ADP2121. INPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION The input capacitor must be able to support the maximum input operating voltage and the maximum rms input current. Select an input capacitor capable of withstanding the rms input current for the maximum load current in the application using the following equation: I rms = I OUT ( MAX ) × VOUT × (VIN − VOUT ) VIN (3) The input capacitor reduces the input voltage ripple caused by the switch currents on the VIN pin. Place the input capacitor as close as possible to the VIN pin. In principle, different types of capacitors can be considered, but for battery-powered applications, the best choice is the multilayer ceramic capacitor, due to its small size and low equivalent series resistance (ESR). Table 7 offers suggestions for suitable input capacitors. All capacitors listed in the table are multilayer ceramic capacitors. It is recommended that the VIN pin be bypassed with a 2.2 µF or larger ceramic input capacitor if the supply line has a distributed capacitance of at least 10 μF. If not, then at least a 10 μF capacitor is recommended on the input supply pin. The input capacitor can be increased without any limit for better input voltage filtering. X5R or X7R dielectrics with a voltage rating of 6.3 V or 10 V are recommended. Y5U and Z5U dielectrics are not recommended, due to their poor temperature and dc bias characteristics. OUTPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION The output capacitor selection affects both the output voltage ripple and the loop dynamics of the converter. For a given loop crossover frequency (the frequency at which the loop gain drops to 0 dB), the maximum voltage transient excursion (overshoot) is inversely proportional to the value of the output capacitor. The ADP2121 has been designed to operate with small ceramic capacitors in the 4.7 µF to 10 µF range that have low ESR and equivalent series inductance (ESL). These components are able, therefore, to meet stringent output voltage ripple specifications. X5R or X7R dielectrics with a voltage rating of 6.3 V are recommended. Table 8 shows a list of output MLCC capacitors recommended for ADP2121 applications. The minimum effective capacitance required for stable operation is 1.5 µF. When choosing output capacitors, it is also important to account for the loss of capacitance due to output voltage dc bias. This may result in using a capacitor with a higher rated voltage to achieve the desired capacitance value. Additionally, if ceramic output capacitors are used, the capacitor rms ripple current rating should always meet the application requirements. The rms ripple current is calculated as I rms(COUT ) = 1 2 3 × VOUT × (VIN ( MAX ) − VOUT ) L × f SW × VIN ( MAX ) (4) At nominal load currents, the converter operates in pulse frequency mode (PFM), and the overall output voltage ripple is the sum of the voltage spike caused by the output capacitor ESR plus the voltage ripple caused by charging and discharging the output capacitor. ΔVOUT = ΔIL × (ESR + 1/(8 × COUT × fSW)) The largest voltage ripple occurs at the highest input voltage. At light load currents, if MODE is set low, then the converter operates in the power-saving mode (PFM), and the output voltage ripple increases. Rev. B | Page 17 of 20 (5) ADP2121 Table 6. Recommended Inductor Selection Manufacturer Murata Taiyo Yuden TDK Series LQM2HPNR47MG0L LQM21PNR47MC0D BRC1608TR45M MLZ2012DR47MT GLFR1608TR47M-LR Inductance (µH) 0.47 ± 20% 0.47 ± 20% 0.45 ± 20% 0.47 ± 20% 0.47 ± 20% DCR (mΩ) 40 ± 25% 120 ± 25% 90 ± 30% 180 ± 30% 50 ± 30% Current Rating (mA) 1800 1100 800 550 475 Size (L × W × H) (mm) 2.50 × 2.00 × 0.90 2.00 × 1.25 × 0.50 1.60 × 0.80 × 0.80 2.00 × 1.25 × 1.25 1.6 × 0.80 × 0.80 Package 1008 0805 0603 0805 0603 Voltage Rating (V) 6.3 6.3 Temperature Coefficient X5R X5R Size (L × W × H) (mm) 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.5 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.5 Package 0402 0402 Voltage Rating (V) 6.3 6.3 4 Temperature Coefficient X5R X5R X5R Size (L × W × H) (mm) 1.6 × 0.8 × 0.8 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.5 1.0 × 0.5 × 0.5 Package 0603 0402 0402 Table 7. Recommended Input Capacitor Selection Manufacturer Murata Taiyo Yuden Part Number GRM155R60J225M JMK105BJ225MV-F Capacitance ( μF) 2.2 2.2 Table 8. Recommended Output Capacitor Selection Manufacturer Murata Taiyo Yuden Part Number GRM188R60J475KE19D GRM155R60J475ME87D AMK105BJ475MV-F Capacitance (μF) 4.7 4.7 4.7 Rev. B | Page 18 of 20 ADP2121 PCB LAYOUT GUIDELINES MODE MODE VIN ADP2121 VIN ADP2121 L1 SW EN CIN 1.8mm VOUT L1 EN SW CIN VOUT GND COUT 2.2mm 07407-043 GND COUT 3.4mm Figure 56. Solution Size with a 1008 Inductor 07407-045 2.5mm Figure 58. Solution Size with a 0603 Inductor For high efficiency, good regulation, and stability with the ADP2121, a well-designed PCB is required. Use the following guidelines when designing PCBs: MODE • VIN ADP2121 • • SW EN CIN L1 • VOUT GND COUT 2.65mm 07407-044 2.0mm Figure 57. Solution Size with a 0805 Inductor Rev. B | Page 19 of 20 Keep the low ESR input capacitor, CIN, close to VIN and GND. Keep high current traces as short and as wide as possible. Avoid routing high impedance traces near any node connected to SW or near the inductor to prevent radiated noise injection. Keep the low ESR output capacitor, COUT, close to FB and GND of the ADP2121. Long trace lengths from the part to the output capacitor add series inductance and may cause instability or increased ripple. ADP2121 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 0.660 0.600 0.540 0.430 0.400 0.370 2 1 A 0.280 0.260 0.240 1.340 1.300 1.260 B C 0.800 BSC TOP VIEW 0.230 0.200 0.170 (BALL SIDE DOWN) 0.400 BSC BALL PITCH BOTTOM VIEW 0.075 NOM COPLANARITY (BALL SIDE UP) 021908-A A1 BALL CORNER 0.940 0.900 0.860 Figure 59. 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (WLCSP) (CB-6-4) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 ADP2121ACBZ-1.8-R7 ADP2121ACBZ-1.82R7 ADP2121ACBZ-1.85R7 ADP2121ACBZ-1875R7 ADP2121ACBZ-2.3-R7 ADP2121-1.8-EVALZ ADP2121-1.82-EVALZ ADP2121-1.85-EVALZ ADP2121-1.875EVALZ ADP2121-2.3-EVALZ 1 2 Temperature Range −40 °C to +85 °C −40 °C to +85 °C −40 °C to +85 °C −40 °C to +85 °C −40 °C to +85 °C Output Voltage (V) 1.8 1.82 1.85 1.875 2.3 1.8 1.82 1.85 1.875 2.3 Package Description 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] 6-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] Evaluation Board for 1.8 V Evaluation Board for 1.82 V Evaluation Board for 1.85 V Evaluation Board for 1.875 V Evaluation Board for 2.3 V Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Halide free. ©2009–2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D07407-0-1/11(B) Rev. B | Page 20 of 20 Package Option 2 CB-6-4 CB-6-4 CB-6-4 CB-6-4 CB-6-4 Branding L92 L7N L94 L95 L9G