Hardware Documentation D at a S h e e t ® HAL 202 Hall-Effect Sensor Edition Sept. 18, 2014 DSH000159_002EN HAL202 DATA SHEET Copyright, Warranty, and Limitation of Liability The information and data contained in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable. The software and proprietary information contained therein may be protected by copyright, patent, trademark and/or other intellectual property rights of Micronas. All rights not expressly granted remain reserved by Micronas. Micronas Trademarks – HAL Third-Party Trademarks All other brand and product names or company names may be trademarks of their respective companies. Micronas assumes no liability for errors and gives no warranty representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose due to these specifications. By this publication, Micronas does not assume responsibility for patent infringements or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Commercial conditions, product availability and delivery are exclusively subject to the respective order confirmation. Any information and data which may be provided in the document can and do vary in different applications, and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by customers’ technical experts. Any new issue of this document invalidates previous issues. Micronas reserves the right to review this document and to make changes to the document’s content at any time without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revision or changes. For further advice please contact us directly. Do not use our products in life-supporting systems, military, aviation, or aerospace applications! Unless explicitly agreed to otherwise in writing between the parties, Micronas’ products are not designed, intended or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implants into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the product could create a situation where personal injury or death could occur. No part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied, stored on a retrieval system or transmitted without the express written consent of Micronas. 2 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET Contents Page Section Title 4 4 4 1. 1.1. 1.2. Introduction Features Type Description 5 5 5 2. 2.1. 2.2. Ordering Information Marking Code Operating Junction Temperature Range 6 3. Functional Description 7 7 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 12 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.6.1. 4.7. 4.8. 4.9. Specifications Outline Dimensions Soldering, Welding and Assembly Pin Connections Dimensions of Sensitive Area Positions of Sensitive Areas Absolute Maximum Ratings Storage and Shelf Life Recommended Operating Conditions Characteristics Magnetic Characteristics Overview 14 14 14 14 14 14 5. 5.1. 5.2. 5.2.1. 5.2.2. 5.3. Application Notes Ambient Temperature Operation Extended Operating Conditions Start-up Behavior EMC and ESD 15 6. Data Sheet History Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN 3 HAL202 DATA SHEET 1. Introduction 1.2. Type Description Release Note: Revision bars indicate significant changes to the previous edition. Latching Sensors: The HAL202 Hall switch is produced in CMOS technology. The sensor includes a temperature-compensated Hall plate with active offset compensation, a comparator, and an open-drain output transistor. The comparator compares the actual magnetic flux through the Hall plate (Hall voltage) with the fixed reference values (switching points). Accordingly, the output transistor is switched on or off. The sensor has a latching behavior and require a magnetic north and south pole for correct functioning. The output turns low with the magnetic south pole on the branded side of the package and turns high with the magnetic north pole on the branded side. The output does not change if the magnetic field is removed. For changing the output state, the opposite magnetic field polarity must be applied. The active offset compensation leads to magnetic parameters which are robust against mechanical stress effects. In addition, the magnetic characteristics are constant in the full supply voltage and temperature range. The sensor is designed for industrial and automotive applications and operates with supply voltages from 3.8 V to 24 V in the junction temperature range from 40 C up to 170 C. The HAL202 is available in the SMD package SOT89B-3 and in the leaded versions TO92UA-5 and TO92UA-6. 1.1. Features – switching offset compensation – operates from 3.8 V to 24 V supply voltage – operates with static magnetic fields and dynamic magnetic fields up to 10 kHz – overvoltage protection at all pins – reverse-voltage protection at VDD-pin – magnetic characteristics are robust against mechanical stress effects – short-circuit protected open-drain output by thermal shut down – constant switching points over a wide supply voltage and temperature range – the decrease of magnetic flux density caused by rising temperature in the sensor system is compensated by a built-in negative temperature coefficient of the magnetic characteristics – superior temperature stability for automotive or industrial applications – high ESD rating – EMC corresponding to ISO 7637 4 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET 2. Ordering Information 2.1. Marking Code All Hall sensors have a marking on the package surface (branded side). This marking includes the name of the sensor and the temperature range. Type HAL202 Temperature Range A K 202A 202K 2.2. Operating Junction Temperature Range The Hall sensors from Micronas are specified to the chip temperature (junction temperature TJ). A: TJ = 40 C to +170 C K: TJ = 40 C to +140 C Note: Due to power dissipation, there is a difference between the ambient temperature (TA) and junction temperature. Please refer to section 5.1. on page 14 for details. Hall Sensor Package Codes HALXXXPA-T Temperature Range: A or K Package: TQ for SOT89B-3 JQ for TO92UA-5/6 Type: 2xy Example: HAL202JQ-A Type: 202 Package: TO92UA-6 Temperature Range: TJ = 40 C to +170 C Hall sensors are available in a wide variety of packaging versions and quantities. For more detailed information, please refer to the brochure: “Hall Sensors. Ordering Codes, Packaging, Handling”. Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN 5 HAL202 DATA SHEET 3. Functional Description The Hall effect sensor is a monolithic integrated circuit that switches in response to magnetic fields. If a magnetic field with flux lines perpendicular to the sensitive area is applied to the sensor, the biased Hall plate forces a Hall voltage proportional to this field. The Hall voltage is compared with the actual threshold level in the comparator. The temperature-dependent bias increases the supply voltage of the Hall plates and adjusts the switching points to the decreasing induction of magnets at higher temperatures. If the magnetic field exceeds the threshold levels, the open drain output switches to the appropriate state. The built-in hysteresis eliminates oscillation and provides switching behavior of output without bouncing. Magnetic offset caused by mechanical stress is compensated for by using the “switching offset compensation technique”. Therefore, an internal oscillator provides a two phase clock. The Hall voltage is sampled at the end of the first phase. At the end of the second phase, both sampled and actual Hall voltages are averaged and compared with the actual switching point. Subsequently, the open drain output switches to the appropriate state. The time from crossing the magnetic switching level to switching of output can vary between zero and 1/fosc. Shunt protection devices clamp voltage peaks at the Output-pin and VDD-pin together with external series resistors. Reverse current is limited at the VDD-pin by an internal series resistor up to 15 V. No external reverse protection diode is needed at the VDD-pin for reverse voltages ranging from 0 V to 15 V. 1 VDD Reverse Voltage & Overvoltage Protection Temperature Dependent Bias Hysteresis Control Short Circuit and Overvoltage Protection Hall Plate Comparator 3 Switch Output OUT Clock 2,4 GND Fig. 3–1: HAL202 block diagram 6 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET 4. Specifications 4.1. Outline Dimensions Fig. 4–1: SOT89B-3: Plastic Small Outline Transistor package, 4 leads, with one sensitive area Weight approximately 0.034 g. Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN 7 HAL202 DATA SHEET A2 A3 E1 A4 Bd F1 D1 y Center of sensitive area 1 2 3 L F2 e b Θ c solderability is guaranteed between end of pin and distance F1. 2.5 0 Sn-thickness might be reduced by mechanical handling. 5 mm scale y= this dimension is different for each sensor type and is specified in the data sheet. physical dimensions do not include mold flash. UNIT A2 A3 A4 b Bd c D1 e E1 F1 F2 L Θ mm 1.55 1.45 0.7 0.3 0.43 0.3 0.36 3.1 3.0 1.27 4.11 4.01 1.2 0.8 0.60 0.42 15.5 min 45° JEDEC STANDARD ANSI ISSUE ITEM NO. - - ISSUE DATE YY-MM-DD DRAWING-NO. ZG-NO. 07-05-30 06666.0001.4 ZG001066_Ver.05 © Copyright 2007 Micronas GmbH, all rights reserved Fig. 4–2: TO92UA-6 Plastic Transistor Standard UA package, 3 leads, not spread Weight approximately 0.105 g 8 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET 4.2. Soldering, Welding and Assembly Please check the Micronas Document "Guidelines for the Assembly of HAL Packages" for further informations about solderability, welding, assembly, and second-level packaging. The document is available on the Micronas website or on the service portal. 4.3. Pin Connections 1 VDD 3 OUT 2,4 GND Fig. 4–1: Pin configuration 4.4. Dimensions of Sensitive Area 0.25 mm 0.12 mm (on chip) 4.5. Positions of Sensitive Areas SOT89B-3 TO92UA-5/6 y 0.95 mm nominal 1.08 mm nominal A4 0.33 mm nominal 0.30 mm nominal Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN 9 HAL202 DATA SHEET 4.6. Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed in the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods will affect device reliability. This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs and outputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than absolute maximum-rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. All voltages listed are referenced to ground (GND). Symbol Parameter Pin Name Min. Max. Unit VDD Supply Voltage 1 15 28 V VO Output Voltage 3 0.3 28 V IO Continuous Output On Current 3 50 mA TJ Junction Temperature Range A 40 1701) °C 1) t < 1000 h 4.6.1. Storage and Shelf Life The permissible storage time (shelf life) of the sensors is unlimited, provided the sensors are stored at a maximum of 30 °C and a maximum of 85% relative humidity. At these conditions, no Dry Pack is required. Solderability is guaranteed for two years from the date code on the package. 4.7. Recommended Operating Conditions Functional operation of the device beyond those indicated in the “Recommended Operating Conditions/Characteristics” is not implied and may result in unpredictable behavior, reduce reliability and lifetime of the device. All voltages listed are referenced to ground (GND). Symbol Parameter Pin Name Min. Max. Unit VDD Supply Voltage 1 3.8 24 V IO Continuous Output on Current 3 0 20 mA VO Output Voltage (output switched off) 3 0 24 V TJ Junction temperature range1) 40 125 °C t < 8000 h2) 40 140 °C t < 2000 h2) 40 170 °C t < 1000 h2) 1) 2) 10 Conditions Depends on the temperature profile of the application. Please contact Micronas for life time calculations. No cumulative stress Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET 4.8. Characteristics at TJ = 40 °C to +170 °C, VDD = 3.8 V to 24 V, GND = 0 V at Recommended Operation Conditions if not otherwise specified in the column “Conditions”. Typical Characteristics for TJ = 25 °C and VDD = 12 V. For all other temperature ranges this table is also valid, but only in the junction temperature range defined by the temperature grade (Example: For K-Type this table is limited to TJ = 40 °C to +140 °C). Symbol Parameter Pin No. Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions IDD Supply Current over Temperature Range 1 1.6 3 5.2 mA VDDZ Overvoltage Protection at Supply 1 28.5 32 V IDD = 25 mA, TJ = 25 C, t = 20 ms VOZ Overvoltage Protection at Output 3 28 32 V IOH = 25 mA, TJ = 25 C, t = 20 ms VOL Output Voltage over Temperature Range 3 130 400 mV IOL = 20 mA IOH Output Leakage Current over Temperature Range 3 10 µA Output switched off, TJ 150 C, VOH = 3.8 to 24 fosc Internal Oscillator Chopper Frequency over Temperature Range 62 kHz ten(O) Enable Time of Output after Setting of VDD 1 35 µs VDD = 12 V tr Output Rise Time 3 75 400 ns tf Output Fall Time 3 50 400 ns VDD = 12 V, RL = 820 Ohm, CL = 20 pF SOT89B Package Thermal Resistance Rthja Junction to Ambient 212 K/W Rthjc Junction to Case 73 K/W Measured with a 1s0p board 30 mm x 10 mm x 1.5 mm, pad size (see Fig. 4–2) TO92UA Package Thermal Resistance Rthja Junction to Ambient 225 K/W Rthjc Junction to Case 63 K/W Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Measured with a 1s0p board 11 HAL202 DATA SHEET 1.80 1.05 1.45 2.90 1.05 0.50 1.50 Fig. 4–2: Recommended footprint SOT89B-3, Dimensions in mm All dimensions are for reference only. The pad size may vary depending on the requirements of the soldering process. 4.9. Magnetic Characteristics Overview at TJ = 40 °C to +170 °C, VDD = 3.8 V to 24 V, Typical Characteristics for VDD = 12 V. Magnetic flux density values of switching points. Positive flux density values refer to the magnetic south pole at the branded side of the package. For all other temperature ranges this table is also valid, but only in the junction temperature range defined by the temperature grade (Example: For K-Type this table is limited to TJ = 40 °C to +140 °C). Sensor Switching Type Parameter TJ On point BON Off point BOFF Hysteresis BHYS Unit Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. HAL202 40 °C 0.5 2.8 6.5 6.5 2.8 0.5 5.6 mT latching 25 °C 0.5 2.6 6 6 2.6 0.5 5.2 mT 140 °C 0.1 2.4 5.5 5.5 2.4 0.1 4.8 mT 170 °C 0.1 2.4 5.5 5.5 2.4 0.1 4.8 mT 12 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET mA 25 mA 5 HAL 2xy HAL 2xy 20 IDD IDD TA = –40 °C 15 4 TA = 25 °C TA = 140 °C 10 3 5 2 0 VDD = 3.8 V VDD = 12 V –5 VDD = 24 V 1 –10 –15 –15–10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 V 0 –50 VDD 50 100 150 200 °C TA Fig. 4–3: Typical supply current versus supply voltage mA 5.0 0 Fig. 4–5: Typical supply current versus ambient temperature HAL 2xy 4.5 IDD 4.0 TA = –40 °C 3.5 TA = 25 °C 3.0 TA = 100 °C 2.5 TA = 140 °C 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 V VDD Fig. 4–4: Typical supply current versus supply voltage Micronas Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN 13 HAL202 DATA SHEET 5. Application Notes 5.2.2. Start-up Behavior 5.1. Ambient Temperature Due to the active offset compensation, the sensor has an initialization time (enable time ten(O)) after applying the supply voltage. The parameter ten(O) is specified in Section 4.8.: Characteristics on page 11. Due to the internal power dissipation, the temperature on the silicon chip (junction temperature TJ) is higher than the temperature outside the package (ambient temperature TA). T J = T A + T At static conditions and continuous operation, the following equation applies: T = I DD V DD R th During the initialization time, the output state is not defined and the output can toggle. After ten(O), the output will be low if the applied magnetic field B is above BON. The output will be high if B is below BOFF. For magnetic fields between BOFF and BON, the output state of the HAL sensor after applying VDD will be either low or high. In order to achieve a well-defined output state, the applied magnetic field must be above BONmax, respectively, below BOFFmin. 5.3. EMC and ESD If IOUT > IDD, please contact Micronas application support for detailed instructions on calculating ambient temperature. For applications with disturbances on the supply line or radiated disturbances, a series resistor and a capacitor are recommended (see Fig. 5–1). The series resistor and the capacitor should be placed as closely as possible to the HAL sensor. For typical values, use the typical parameters. For worst case calculation, use the max. parameters for IDD and Rth, and the max. value for VDD from the application. Applications with this arrangement passed the EMC tests according to the product standards ISO 7637. For all sensors, the junction temperature range TJ is specified. The maximum ambient temperature TAmax can be calculated as: Please contact Micronas for the detailed investigation reports with the EMC and ESD results. RV 220 T Amax = T Jmax – T 1 VEMC VP 5.2. Operation RL VDD OUT 3 4.7 nF 5.2.1. Extended Operating Conditions 1.2 k 20 pF 2 GND All HAL202-sensors fulfill the electrical and magnetic characteristics when operated within the Recommended Operating Conditions (see page 10). Fig. 5–1: Test circuit for EMC investigation Supply Voltage Below 3.8 V Typically, the sensor operates with supply voltages above 3 V, however, below 3.8 V some characteristics may be outside the specification. Note: The functionality of the sensor below 3.8 V is not tested. For special test conditions, please contact Micronas. 14 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas HAL202 DATA SHEET 6. Data Sheet History 1. Data Sheet: “HAL202 Hall-Effect Sensor”, July 21, 2011, DSH000159_001EN. First release of the data sheet. 2. Data Sheet: “HAL202 Hall-Effect Sensor”, Sept. 18, 2014, DSH000159_002EN. Second release of the data sheet. Major Change: • Temperature Range K added Micronas GmbH Hans-Bunte-Strasse 19 D-79108 Freiburg P.O. Box 840 D-79008 Freiburg, Germany Tel. +49-761-517-0 Fax +49-761-517-2174 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.micronas.com 15 Sept. 18, 2014; DSH000159_002EN Micronas