Ordering number : ENA0287 LB11693H Monolithic Digital IC 3-Phase Brushless Motor Driver for 24V Fan Motors http://onsemi.com Overview The LB11693H reduces motor noise by imparting a slope to the output current when switching the phase to which power is applied. This motor driver includes an automatic recovery constraint protection circuit and is optimal for driving 24V fan motors. Functions • Soft phase switching + direct PWM drive • PWM control based on both a DC voltage input (the CTL voltage) and a pulse input • Provides a 5 V regulator output • One Hall-effect sensor FG output • Integrating amplifier • Automatic recovery constraint protection circuit (on/off = 1/14), RD output • Current limiter circuit • LVSD circuit • Thermal protection circuit Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C Parameter Supply voltage range Output current Symbol Conditions Ratings IO max Unit 30 VCC max V T ≤ 500mS 1.8 A 0.9 W Allowable power dissipation 1 Pd max1 Independent IC Allowable power dissipation 2 Pd max2 When mounted on a circuit board * 2.1 W Operating temperature Topr -30 to +100 °C Storage temperature Tstg -55 to +150 °C *: On the specified circuit board (114.3mm×76.1mm×1.6mm, glass epoxy) Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. Allowable Operating Ranges at Ta = 25°C Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings Unit Supply voltage rang VCC 9.5 to 28 Constant voltage output current V IREG 0 to -30 mA RD output current IRD 0 to 10 mA FG output current IFG 0 to 10 mA Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013 May, 2013 92706 / 21306 MS OT 20051228-S00001 No.A0287-1/24 LB11693H Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC = VM = 24V Parameter Symbol Ratings Conditions min Current drain 1 ICC1 Current drain 2 ICC2 Unit typ max 10 13.5 mA When STOP 4.0 5.5 mA 2.05 V Output Block Output saturation voltage 1 VOsat1 IO = 0.7A, VO (SINK) + VO (SOURCE) 1.5 Output saturation voltage 2 VOsat2 IO = 1.5A, VO (SINK) + VO (SOURCE) 2.2 Output leakage current IOleak High side diode forward VD1 ID = 0.7A VD2 ID = 1.5A 2.9 V 100 μA 1.25 1.65 V 1.9 2.5 V voltage 1 High side diode forward voltage 2 5V Constant Voltage Output Output voltage 5.0 5.3 V Voltage regulation ΔVREG1 VREG VCC = 9.5 to 28V IO = -5mA 4.7 30 100 mV Load regulation ΔVREG2 IO = -5 to -20mA 20 100 mV Hall amplifier Input bias current IB(HA) 10 μA Differential input voltage range VHIN Sine wave input 50 350 mVp-p Common-mode input voltage VICM Differential input 50mVp-p 1.5 VREG-1.0 VIOH Design target value -20 20 2 V range Input offset voltage mV CSD Pin High-level output voltage VOH(CSD) 2.75 3.0 3.25 V Low-level output voltage VOL(CSD) 0.85 1.0 1.15 V External capacitor charge current ICSD1 -3.3 -2.4 -1.4 μA External capacitor charge current ICSD2 0.09 0.17 0.23 Charge/discharge current ratio RCSD Charge current/discharge current 14 μA Times Undervoltage Protection Circuit (LVS pin) Operating voltage VSDL 3.6 3.8 4.0 V Release voltage VSDH 4.1 4.3 4.5 V Hysteresis ΔVSD 0.35 0.5 0.65 V 0.55 V Current Limiter Circuit (RF pin) Limiter voltage VRF VCC-VM 0.45 0.5 TSD Design target value (junction temperature) 150 170 °C ΔTSD Design target value (junction temperature) 40 °C Thermal Shutdown Operation Thermal shutdown operating voltage Hysteresis CTL Amplifier Input offset voltage Input bias current Common-mode input voltage VIO(CTL) -10 10 mV IB(CTL) -1 1 μA VICM 0 VREG-1.7 V 1.05 V range High-level output voltage VOH(CTL) ITOC = -0.2mA Low-level output voltage VOL(CTL) ITOC = 0.2mA G(CTL) f(CTL) = 1kHz Open-loop gain VREG-1.2 VREG-0.8 0.8 45 51 V dB Continued on next page. No.A0287-2/24 LB11693H Continued from preceding page. Parameter Symbol Ratings Conditions min Unit typ max PWM Oscillator Circuit High-level output voltage VOH(PWM) 2.75 3.0 3.25 V Low-level output voltage VOL(PWM) 1.1 1.3 1.4 V Vp-p Amplitude 1.5 1.7 2.0 VPWM = 2.1V -125 -90 -70 μA f(PWM) C = 2200pF 15.5 19.5 27.0 kHz Input voltage 1 VTOC1 Output duty: 100% 2.72 3.0 3.30 V Input voltage 2 VTOC2 Output duty: 0% 1.07 1.3 1.45 V Input voltage 1L VTOC1L Design target value. 2.72 2.80 2.90 V 1.07 1.17 1.27 V 3.08 3.20 3.30 V 1.21 1.33 1.45 V 0.1 0.3 V 10 μA 0.3 V 10 μA External capacitor charge current Oscillator frequency V(PWM) ICHG TOC pin 100% when VREG = 4.7V Input voltage 2L VTOC2L Design target value. 0% when VREG = 4.7V Input voltage 1H VTOC1H Design target value. 100% when VREG = 5.3V Input voltage 2H VTOC2H Design target value. 0% when VREG = 5.3V RD pin Low-level output voltage Output leakage current VOL(RD) IRD = 5mA IL(RD) VRD = 28V VOL(FG) IFG = 5mA IL(FG) VFG = 28V FG pin Low-level output voltage Output leakage current 0.1 FGFIL Pin Charge current IFGFIL1 -7 -5 -3 μA Discharge current IFGFIL2 3 5 7 μA FG Amplifier Schmitt Block (IN1) Amplifier gain Hysteresis G(FG) VIS(FG) Design target value. 7 Times Design target value. Input equivalent 8 mV S/S Pin High-level input voltage VIH(SS) 2.0 VREG V Low-level input voltage VIL(SS) 0 1.0 V Input open voltage VIO(SS) 2.6 2.9 3.2 V Hysteresis VIS(SS) 0.16 0.25 0.34 V High-level input current IIH(SS) VS/S = VREG 100 130 μA Low-level input current IIL(SS) VS/S = 0V -170 μA -130 PWMIN Pin Input frequency range f(PI) 50 kHz High-level input voltage range VIH(PI) 2.0 VREG V Low-level input voltage range VIL(PI) 0 1.0 V Input open voltage VIO(PI) 2.6 2.9 3.2 V Hysteresis VIS(PI) 0.16 0.25 0.34 V High-level input current IIH(PI) VPWMIN = VREG 100 130 μA Low-level input current IIL(PI) VPWMIN = 0V -170 -130 μA F/R Pin High-level input voltage VIH(FR) 2.0 VREG V Low-level input voltage VIL(FR) 0 1.0 V Input open voltage VIO(FR) VREG-0.5 VREG V Hysteresis VIS(FR) High-level input current IIH(FR) VFR = VREG Low-level input current IIL(FR) VFR = 0V 0.16 0.25 0.34 V -10 0 10 μA -165 -115 μA No.A0287-3/24 LB11693H Package Dimensions unit : mm 3251 17.8 (6.2) 19 0.65 (4.9) 7.9 10.5 36 0.8 2.0 0.3 18 0.25 0.1 2.7 2.45max 1 (2.25) (0.5) SANYO : HSOP36R(375mil) Pin Assignment Truth Table Source → Sink F/R = ’L’ F/R = ’H’ IN1 IN2 IN3 IN1 IN2 IN3 1 OUT2 → OUT1 H L H L H L 2 OUT3 → OUT1 H L L L H H 3 OUT3 → OUT2 H H L L L H 4 OUT1 → OUT2 L H L H L H 5 OUT1 → OUT3 L H H H L L 6 OUT2 → OUT3 L L H H H L No.A0287-4/24 LB11693H Pin Function Pin No. Symbol 34 OUT1 36 OUT2 2 OUT3 4 GND2 7 VD 9 VM Description Equivalent circuit Motor drive output Motor drive output system ground Low side output transistor drive current supply Motor drive output power supply and output current detection. Connect a resistor (Rf) between this pin and VCC. The output current is limited to a value determined by the equation IOUT = VRF/Rf. 8 VCC Power supply (Systems other than the motor drive output) 10 VREG 5V regulator output (control circuit power supply). Connect a capacitor (about 0.1µF) between this pin and ground for stabilization. 11 LVS Undervoltage protection voltage detection. Connect this pin to VREG if the VREG level is to be detected. If the VCC level is to be detected, insert a zener diode in series to set the detection level. 12 FGFIL FG filter. Normally, this IC will be used with this pin open. Connect a capacitor between this pin and ground if noise on the FG signal becomes a problem. Continued on next page. No.A0287-5/24 LB11693H Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Symbol Description 14 FC Control loop frequency characteristics correction. Equivalent circuit Connect a capacitor between this pin and ground. 15 CSD 16 FG Constraint protection circuit operating time setting. Hall input 1FG output. (This is an open-collector output.) 17 RD Motor constrained state detection output (This is an open-collector output.) When the motor is constrained: high, when the motor is turning: low. 18 PWMIN PWM pulse input. When low the output will be on and when high the outputs will be off. If this pin is used to control this IC, connect EI- to ground and connect EI+ to TOC. Continued on next page. No.A0287-6/24 LB11693H Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Symbol 20 S/S Start/stop control. Low: start, high or open: stop. Description 21 EI+ EI- CTL amplifier noninverting input 22 23 TOC Equivalent circuit CTL amplifier inverting input PWM waveform comparator (CTL amplifier output) 25 PWM PWM oscillator frequency setting. Connect a capacitor between this pin and ground. A frequency of about 20kHz can be set by using a 2200pF capacitor. Continued on next page. No.A0287-7/24 LB11693H Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Symbol 26 GND1 Description 28 IN1+ IN1- Hall effect sensor inputs High when IN+ > IN-, low for the reverse state. IN2+ IN2- Signal inputs with an amplitude (differential) of at 31 IN3+ IN3- If noise is a problem, connect capacitors between the IN+ and IN- inputs. 33 F/R Forward/reverse control Equivalent circuit Ground (For circuits other than the motor drive output system) 27 30 29 32 least 50mVp-p are desirable for the Hall inputs. Low: forward, high or open: reverse. 1,3 NC No connection. The NC pins may be used for wiring connections. 5,6 13,1 9 24,3 5 FRAME Frame connection The FRAME pin is connected internally to the IC surface metal parts. Both must be used in the electrically open state. No.A0287-8/24 LB11693H Block Diagram No.A0287-9/24 LB11693H LB11693H Overview 1. Output Drive Circuit The LB11693H reduces motor vibration and noise by switching the output current smoothly when switching phases. Since the Hall input waveform is used for the change in (slope of) the output current during phase switching, if the slope of the Hall input waveform is too steep, the change in the output current during phase switching will also be too steep and the effectiveness of this technique at lowering vibration and noise effect will be reduced. Thus the slope of the Hall input waveform requires attention during application design. Low side output transistor PWM switching is used for motor speed control. The drive output is adjusted by changing the duty. The diodes between the outputs and VM used for the regenerative current when the PWM signal is in the off state are built in. If the slope (amplitude) of the Hall input waveform is large, and if used with a high current, the parasitic diodes between the outputs and ground will operate due to the low side kickback during phase switching. If problems such as disruption of the waveforms occur, connect either rectifying diodes or Schottky diodes between the outputs and ground. 2. Power Supply Stabilization Since the LB11693H uses a control method based on PWM switching, the power supply lines are susceptible to disruption. Electrolytic capacitors with an adequate capacitance for stabilization must be connected between VCC and ground. If diodes are inserted in the power supply lines to prevent destruction of the equipment if the power supply is connected in reverse, the power supply lines will be particularly susceptible to disruption. In this case, even larger capacitors must be used. The connected electrolytic capacitors must be located as close as possible to the IC pins (VCC, VM, and GND2). If the electrolytic capacitors cannot be attached close to the pins due to problems with the heat sink or other issues, ceramic capacitors of about 0.1µF must be attached close to the pins. 3. VREG Pin At the same time as being the 5V regulator output, the VREG pin is also the power supply for the IC internal control circuits. Therefore, a capacitor of at least 0.1µF must be connected between the VREG pin and ground to stabilize the control circuit power supply. The ground side of the connected capacitor must be connected to the GND1 pin with as short a line as possible. 4. FC Pin The capacitor connected to the FC pin is required to correct the control loop's frequency characteristics. (It should be about 0.1µF.) 5. VD Pin The VD pin supplies the low side output transistor drive current (a maximum of about 0.1A). The IC internal power consumption is suppressed by connecting a resistor between the VCC and VD pins and dividing power consumption due to the low side output transistor drive current with that resistor. Although the IC internal power consumption due to the drive current can be reduced by lowering the VD pin voltage, a voltage of at least 4 V must be assured at the VD pin. Use a resistor in the range from about 50Ω (0.5W) to about 100Ω (1W) between the VCC and VD pins when the LB11693H is used with VCC = 24V. 6. Hall Input Signals Signal inputs with an amplitude (differential) of at least 50mVp-p are required for the Hall inputs. If the output waveforms are disrupted by noise, capacitors must be connected between the Hall input pins (the + and - sides). 7. Current Limiter Circuit The current limiter circuit limits the peak value of the output current to a current determined by the equation I = VRF/Rf (where VRF = 0.5V (typical), Rf = current detection resistor value). When the limiter operates, it suppresses the current by PWM control of the low side output transistor at the PWM frequency determined by the external capacitor connected to the PWM pin, in particular, by reducing the on duty. No.A0287-10/24 LB11693H 8. Forward/Reverse Switching The LB11693H was designed assuming that forward/reverse switching would not be performed while the motor is operating. We recommend that the F/R pin be held fixed at either the low (forward) or high (reverse) level when the motor is turning. Although it will be pulled up to the high level by an internal pull-up resistor (about 40kΩ) when left open, this must be strengthened by an external resistor if fluctuations are large. If the direction is switched while the motor is turning, large currents will flow due to the braking operation. The LB11693H's current limiter circuit, however, cannot limit this braking current. Therefore, forward/reverse switching during motor rotation is only possible if the braking current is limited to a value under IOmax (1.8A) by the motor coil resistance or other circuit or phenomenon. Furthermore, since through current will flow in the high and low side transistors at the instant the switch occurs with switching that only uses the F/R pin, applications must provide a drive off period for switching directions. A drive off period must be provided by either setting the IC to the stopped state with the S/S pin or setting the PWM signal to the 0% duty state with the TOC and PWMIN pins, and the F/R pin must only be switched during that period to prevent through current. 9. Power Saving Circuit This IC can be set to a power saving state in which current consumption is reduced by setting it to the stopped state with the S/S pin. The bias current to most of the circuits in the IC is cut off in this power saving state. Note, however, that the 5V regulator output is still provided in the power saving state. 10. Notes on the PWM Frequency The PWM frequency is determined by the capacitance (F) of the capacitor connected to the PWM pin. fPWM ≈ 1/(23400×C) A frequency in the range 15 to 25kHz is desirable for the PWM frequency. The ground side of the connected capacitor must be connected to the GND1 pin by as short a line as possible. 11. Control Methods The output duty can be controlled by either of the following methods. • Comparison of the TOC pin voltage with the PWM oscillator waveform This method determines the low side output transistor duty according to the result of comparing the TOC pin voltage with the PWM oscillator waveform. The PWM duty will be 0% when the TOC pin voltage is under about 1.3 V and will be 100% when that voltage is over about 3.0V. Since the TOC pin is the output of the CTL amplifier, a control voltage cannot be directly input to the TOC pin. Accordingly, the CTL amplifier is normally used as a full feedback amplifier (by connecting the EI− pin to the TOC pin) and inputting a DC voltage to the EI pin (here the TOC voltage will be equal to the EI+ pin voltage). When the EI+ pin voltage increases, the output duty will increase as well. Since the motor will be driven if the EI+ pin is in the open state, a pull-down resistor should be connected to the EI+ pin in applications where this is not desirable. A low level must be input to the PWMIN pin (or it must be connected to ground) if the TOC pin voltage control system is used. • PWMIN pulse input A 15 to 25kHz frequency pulse signal can be input to the PWMIN pin and the low side output transistor duty can be controlled based on the duty of that input signal. When the PWMIN pin is low, the output will be on, and when high, the output will be off. When the PWMIN pin is open, the input will go to the high level and the output will be off. If PWMIN pin control is used, the EI− pin must be connected to ground and the EI+ pin must be connected to the TOC pin. No.A0287-11/24 LB11693H 12. Undervoltage Protection Circuit The undervoltage protection circuit turns off the low side output transistor if the LVS pin voltage falls below the circuit's operating voltage (about 3.8V). This operating voltage is the detection level for a 5V system. The detection level can be increased by connecting a zener diode in series with the LVS pin to apply a level shift to the detection level. The current flowing into the LVS pin during detection is about 65µA. To suppress variations in the zener voltage, it is necessary to stabilize the rise of the zener diode voltage by increasing the current that flows in the zener diode. If this is necessary, insert a resistor between the LVS pin and ground. When the LCS pin is open, it will be pulled to the ground level by the built-in pull-down resistor and the output will be turned off. Thus if the undervoltage protection circuit is not used, a voltage in excess of the release voltage (about 4.3V) must be applied to the LVS pin. Note that the maximum rating for the LVS pin voltage is 30V. 13. Motor Constraint Protection Circuit When motor motion is constrained, the external capacitor connected to the CSD pin will be alternately charged (up to about 3.0V) with a constant current of about 2.4µA and discharged with a constant current of about 0.17µA (to about 1.0V). Thus the CSD pin voltage will have a sawtooth waveform. The motor constraint protection circuit turns the motor (the low side output transistor) on or off repeatedly based on this sawtooth waveform. Motor drive will be on during the period the CSD pin external capacitor is being charged from about 1.0V to about 3.0V and will be off when it is being discharged from about 3.0V to about 1.0V. The drive on/off operation protects the IC and the motor when the motor is physically constrained from moving. If a 0.47µF capacitor is connected to the CSD pin, the IC will iterate an on/off cycle in which drive is on for about 0.4 seconds and off for about 5.5 seconds. While the motor is turning, the CSD pin voltage will be held at a certain voltage (that depends on the motor speed) by (a) a CSD pin external capacitor discharge operation based on about 10µs discharge pulses generated internally in the IC when the Hall input IN1 switches (that is, on rising and falling edges on the FG output) and (b) a charge operation on that capacitor by a constant current of about 2.4µA. Since the Hall input IN1 does not switch when the motor is physically constrained, the discharge pulses are not generated and the CSD pin external capacitor will be charged to about 3.0V by the constant current of about 2.4µA. The motor constraint protection circuit operates when the capacitor reaches about 3.0V. The constraint protection operation will be released when the motor constraint is released. If the motor speed is extremely low, the CSD pin voltage during that motor rotation will be held at a comparatively high voltage, and if that voltage reaches about 3.0V, the constraint protection function will operate. Since the constraint protection function will operate if the Hall input IN1 frequency falls below about 10Hz, caution is required when using the motor constraint protection circuit with motors that will operate at low speeds. Connect the CSD pin to ground if the motor constraint protection circuit is not used. No.A0287-12/24 LB11693H Test Circuits ICC1, ICC2 Set the switch SW on when measuring ICC 1. Set the switch SW off when measuring ICC 2. VOsat1 , VOsat2 Input the logic states shown in the table so that the output transistor for the corresponding phase is on. After setting the switch SW to position 1 for source transistor measurement or to position 2 for sink transistor measurement, proceed to the measurement itself. VOsat = VO SOURCE + VO SINK The figure shows the circuit used for measuring OUT3. Use similar circuits for measurement of the other phases. No.A0287-13/24 LB11693H IOleak After setting the logic state so that the high and low side output transistors for the corresponding phase are in the off state, proceed to the measurement itself. Set the switch SW to position 1 for source transistor leakage measurement, and to position for sink transistor leakage measurement. The figure shows the circuit used for measuring OUT3. Use similar circuits for measurement of the other phases. VD1, VD2(EX, OUT1) Input the logic states shown in the table so that the output transistor for the corresponding phase is off. Set IO to 0.7A when measuring VD1. Set IO to 1.5A when measuring VD2. The figure shows the circuit used for measuring OUT1. Use similar circuits for measurement of the other phases. No.A0287-14/24 LB11693H VREG, ΔVREG1, ΔVREG2 IB(HA) The figure shows the circuit used for measuring IN3. Use similar circuits for measurement of the input pins for the other phases. No.A0287-15/24 LB11693H VOH(CSD), VOL(CSD) ICSD1, ICSD2 Change VIN from 0.8V to 2.0V when measuring ICSD1. Change VIN from 3.3V to 2.0V when measuring ICSD2. No.A0287-16/24 LB11693H VSDL, VSDH, ΔVSD VRF After manipulating the logic and setting values such that VO is less than 2V when VCC = VM, proceed to the measurement itself. No.A0287-17/24 LB11693H VIO(CTL), IB(CTL), VOH(CTL), VOL(CTL) Refer to the figure below. Set the switch SW to the 2 position when measuring VOH(CTL). Set the switch SW to the 1 position when measuring VOL(CTL). VOH(PWM), VOL(PWM), V(PWM), ICHG(PWM) Record the IPWM current when VPWM is changed from 1.0 to 2.1V as ICHG. No.A0287-18/24 LB11693H f(PWM) VOL(RD), IL(RD) After power is first applied, set VIN to the ground level. Set the switch SW to position 1 and measure VOL (RD). Then set VIN to 3.3V. Set the switch SW to position 2 and measure IL(RD). No.A0287-19/24 LB11693H VOL(FG), IL(FG) After power is first applied, set VIN1 to 3V and VIN2 to 2V. Set the switch SW to position 1 and measure VOL(FG). Then set VIN1 to 2V and VIN2 to 3V. Set the switch SW to position 2 and measure IL(FG). IFGFIL1, IFGFIL2 When measuring IFGFIL1, set VIN1 = 3V, VIN2 = 2V, and VFGIL from 0.5 to 2.0V. When measuring IFGFIL2, set VIN1 = 2V, VIN2 = 3V, and VFGIL from 3.5 to 2.0V. No.A0287-20/24 LB11693H VIH(S/S), VIL(S/S), VIO(S/S), VIS(S/S), IIH(S/S), IIL(S/S) After manipulating the logic and setting values such that VO is less than 2V when VS/S = 0V, proceed to the measurement itself. VIH(S/S) VIL(S/S) IC operation is OK as long as the output voltage changes when VS/S is between 1.0 and 2.0V. No.A0287-21/24 LB11693H VIH(PI), VIL(PI), VIO(PI), VIS(PI), IIH(PI), IIL(PI) After manipulating the logic and setting values such that VO is less than 2V when VPI = 0V, proceed to the measurement itself. VIH(PI) VIL(PI) IC operation is OK as long as the output voltage changes when VPI is between 1.0 and 2.0V. No.A0287-22/24 LB11693H VIH(FR), VIL(FR), VIO(FR), VIS(FR), IIH(FR), IIL(FR) After manipulating the logic and setting values such that VO is less than 2V when VFR = 0V, proceed to the measurement itself. VIH(FR) VIL(FR) IC operation is OK as long as the output voltage changes when VFR is between 1.0 and 2.0V. No.A0287-23/24 LB11693H ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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