Title Reference Design Report for a 150 W Power Factor Corrected LLC Power Supply for LED Street Lighting Specification 90 VAC – 265 VAC Input; 150 W (48 V at 0 - 3.125 A) Output Application LED Streetlight Author Applications Engineering Department Document Number RDR-292 Date November 19, 2013 Revision 6.1 Summary and Features Integrated PFC stage using PFS708EG from HiperPFS family of ICs LQA05TC600 ultrafast soft recovery QSpeed diode Integrated LLC stage using LCS702HG from HiperLCS family of ICs Simple snubberless bias supply using LNK302DG from LinkSwitch-TN family of ICs CAPZero (CAP002DG) IC used to discharge X capacitors for higher efficiency compared to resistive solution High frequency (250 kHz) LLC for small transformer size >95% full load PFC efficiency at 115 VAC >95% full load LLC efficiency System efficiency 91% / 93% at 115 VAC / 230 VAC PATENTINFORMATION Theproductsandapplicationsillustratedherein(includingtransformerconstructionandcircuitsexternaltotheproducts)maybe coveredbyoneormoreU.S.andforeignpatents,orpotentiallybypendingU.S.andforeignpatentapplicationsassignedtoPower Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations' patents may be found at www.powerint.com. Power Integrations grants its customersalicenseundercertainpatentrightsassetforthat<http://www.powerint.com/ip.htm>. Power Integrations 5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138 USA. Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 5 Power Supply Specification ........................................................................................ 7 Schematic ................................................................................................................... 8 Circuit Description ...................................................................................................... 9 4.1 Input Filter / Boost Converter / Bias Supply ......................................................... 9 4.1.1 EMI Filtering ................................................................................................. 9 4.1.2 Inrush limiting ............................................................................................... 9 4.1.3 Main PFC Stage ........................................................................................... 9 4.1.4 Primary Bias Supply / Start-up ................................................................... 10 4.2 LLC Converter ................................................................................................... 10 4.3 Primary .............................................................................................................. 10 4.4 Output Rectification ........................................................................................... 12 4.5 Secondary EMI Components............................................................................. 13 5 PCB Layout .............................................................................................................. 14 6 Bill of Materials ......................................................................................................... 16 7 Heat Sink Assemblies ............................................................................................... 19 7.1 Diode Heat Sink Assembly ................................................................................ 19 7.1.1 Diode Heat Sink Drawing ........................................................................... 19 7.1.2 Diode Heat Sink Fabrication Drawing......................................................... 20 7.1.3 Diode and Heat Sink Assembly Drawing .................................................... 21 7.2 Primary Heat Sink Assembly ............................................................................. 22 7.2.1 Primary Heat Sink Drawing ........................................................................ 22 7.2.2 Primary Heat Sink Fabrication Drawing...................................................... 23 7.2.3 Primary and Heat Sink Assembly Drawing ................................................. 24 8 Magnetics ................................................................................................................. 25 8.1 PFC Choke (L2) Specification ........................................................................... 25 8.1.1 Electrical Diagram ...................................................................................... 25 8.1.2 Electrical Specifications.............................................................................. 25 8.1.3 Materials..................................................................................................... 25 8.1.4 Winding Instructions ................................................................................... 26 8.2 LLC Transformer (T2) Specification .................................................................. 30 8.2.1 Electrical Diagram ...................................................................................... 30 8.2.2 Electrical Specification ............................................................................... 30 8.2.3 Materials..................................................................................................... 30 8.2.4 Build Diagram ............................................................................................. 31 8.2.5 Winding Instructions ................................................................................... 31 8.2.6 Winding Illustrations ....................................................................................... 32 8.3 Bias Transformer (T1) Specification .................................................................. 36 8.3.1 Electrical Diagram ...................................................................................... 36 8.3.2 Electrical Specifications.............................................................................. 36 8.3.3 Materials List .............................................................................................. 36 8.3.4 Transformer Build Diagram ........................................................................ 37 8.3.5 Transformer Build Instructions ................................................................... 37 8.3.6 Transformer Build Illustrations .................................................................... 38 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 2 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8.4 Output Inductor (L3) Specification .....................................................................41 8.4.1 Electrical Diagram ......................................................................................41 8.4.2 Electrical Specifications ..............................................................................41 8.4.3 Material List ................................................................................................41 8.4.4 Construction Details ...................................................................................41 9 LLC Transformer Design Spreadsheet .....................................................................42 10 Bias Transformer Design Spreadsheet .................................................................49 11 Power Factor Controller Design Spreadsheet .......................................................53 12 Performance Data .................................................................................................57 12.1 LLC Stage Efficiency .........................................................................................57 12.2 Total Efficiency ..................................................................................................58 12.3 No-Load Power ..................................................................................................59 12.4 Power Factor .....................................................................................................60 12.5 THD ...................................................................................................................61 12.6 Output Regulation ..............................................................................................62 12.6.1 Output Line Regulation ...............................................................................62 12.6.2 Output Load Regulation ..............................................................................63 13 Input Current Harmonics vs. EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits...................................64 14 Waveforms ............................................................................................................66 14.1 Input Voltage and Current..................................................................................66 14.2 LLC Primary Voltage and Current ......................................................................66 14.3 PFC Switch Voltage and Current - Normal Operation........................................67 14.4 AC Input Current and PFC Output Voltage during Start-up ...............................68 14.5 Bias Supply Drain Waveforms ...........................................................................68 14.6 LLC Start-up ......................................................................................................69 14.7 LLC Brownout ....................................................................................................69 14.8 LLC Output Short-Circuit ...................................................................................70 14.9 Output Ripple Measurements ............................................................................71 14.9.1 Ripple Measurement Technique .................................................................71 14.9.2 Full Load Output Ripple Results .................................................................72 14.9.3 No-Load Ripple Results ..............................................................................72 14.10 Output Load Step Response ..........................................................................73 14.10.1 100% to 0% Load Step ...........................................................................74 14.10.2 0% to 100% Load Step ...........................................................................75 14.10.3 Temperature Profiles ..............................................................................76 14.11 Thermal Results Summary .............................................................................77 14.11.1 Testing Conditions ..................................................................................77 14.11.2 90 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Output ................................................................77 14.11.3 115 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Output ..............................................................81 14.11.4 230 VAC, 150 W, Room Temperature ....................................................85 15 Conducted EMI .....................................................................................................88 15.1 EMI Set-up .........................................................................................................88 15.1.1 Power Supply Preparation for EMI Test .....................................................88 15.1.2 EMI Test Set-up..........................................................................................89 16 Gain-Phase Measurement ....................................................................................92 17 Input Surge Testing ...............................................................................................93 Page 3 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 17.1 Surge Test Set-up ............................................................................................. 93 17.2 Differential Mode Surge, 1.2 / 50 sec .............................................................. 94 17.3 Common Mode Surge, 1.2 / 50 sec ................................................................. 95 18 Revision History .................................................................................................... 96 Important Note: Although this board is designed to satisfy safety isolation requirements, the engineering prototype has not been agency approved. Therefore, all testing should be performed using an isolation transformer to provide the AC input to the prototype board. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 4 of 97 19-Nov-13 1 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Introduction This engineering report describes a 48 V, 150 W reference design power supply for 90 VAC - 265 VAC LED street lights which can also serve as a general purpose evaluation board for the combination of a PFS power factor stage with an LCS output stage using devices from the Power Integration’s HiperPFS and HiperLCS device families. The design is based on the PFS708EG IC and LQA05TC600 diode for the PFC front end, with a LNK302DG utilized in a non-isolated flyback bias supply. An LCS702HG IC is used for the LLC output stage. Figure 1 – RD-292 Photograph, Top View. Figure 2 – RD-292 Photograph, Bottom View. The circuit shown in this report is optimized for >0.9 power factor, over an input voltage range of 90 VAC - 230 VAC, at both 100% load and 50% load. If >0.9 power factor is not Page 5 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 required at 50% load, the circuit can be cost reduced by downsizing common mode filter L1 and PFC input capacitor C6. Contact Power Integrations for more details. This power supply is designed to be mounted inside a grounded enclosure for streetlight service, with the input AC safety ground connected to the chassis. EMI and line surge tests should be performed with the supply screwed down to a ground plane with the input AC safety ground connected to this plane. See set-up photographs in sections 14.1 and 16.1. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 6 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 2 Power Supply Specification The table below represents the minimum acceptable performance of the design. Actual performance is listed in the results section. Description Input Voltage Frequency Symbol Min Typ VIN fLINE 90 47 50/60 THD Power Factor PF 0.97 Output Voltage VLG 45.6 Output Ripple VRIPPLE(LG) Max Units Comment 265 64 <10 <15 VAC Hz % % 3 Wire input. Full Load, 115 VAC Full Load, 230 VAC Full load, 230 VAC Main Converter Output Output Current ILG 0.00 48 3.13 50.4 V 480 mV P-P 20 MHz bandwidth 3.13 A Supply is protected under no-load conditions N/A W W 48 VDC ± 5% Total Output Power Continuous Output Power Peak Output Power Efficiency POUT POUT(PK) Total system at Full Load Main 150 91 93 % Measured at 115 VAC, Full Load Measured at 230 VAC, Full Load Environmental Conducted EMI Meets CISPR22B / EN55022B Safety Surge Differential Common Mode 100 kHz Ring Wave Harmonic Currents Ambient Temperature Page 7 of 97 Designed to meet IEC950 / UL1950 Class II kV kV kV 2 4 4 1.2/50 s surge, IEC 1000-4-5, Differential Mode: 2 Common Mode: 12 500 A short circuit current EN 61000-3-2 Class C TAMB 0 60 o C See thermal section for conditions Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 3 Schematic Figure 3 – Schematic RD-292 Streetlight Power Supply Application Circuit - Input Filter, PFC Power Stage, and Bias Supply. Figure 4 – Schematic of RD-292 Streetlight Power Supply Application Circuit, LLC Stage. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 8 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 4 Circuit Description The circuit shown in Figures 3 and 4 utilizes the PFS708EG, the LQA05TC600, the LCS702HG, the LNK302DG, and the CAP002DG (optional) devices from Power Integrations in a 48 V, 150 W power factor corrected LLC power supply intended to power an LED streetlight. 4.1 Input Filter / Boost Converter / Bias Supply The schematic in Figure 3 shows the input EMI filter, PFC stage, and primary bias supply/start-up circuit. The power factor corrector utilizes the PFS708EG PFC controller with integrated power MOSFET and the LQA05TC600 low QRR, soft switching diode. The bias supply is a non-isolated flyback using the LNK302DG. The CAP002DG discharges X capacitors C1 and C2 only when the AC input voltage is not present, eliminating the static power loss of resistors R1, R3, R50, and R51. 4.1.1 EMI Filtering Capacitors C3 and C4 are used to control common mode noise. Inductor L1 controls EMI at low and mid-band (~10 MHz) frequencies. Capacitors C1 and C2 together with leakage reactance of inductor L1 provide differential mode EMI filtering. To meet safety requirements resistors and to increase system efficiency, R1, R3 and R50-51 discharge these capacitors via U6 only when AC is removed. If U6 is not used, resistor R2 (390 k, 1206) can be added for conventional resistive discharge (place is reserved for R2 on PCB). The primary heat sink for U1, U3, D3 and BR1 is connected to primary return to eliminate the heat sink as a source of radiated/capacitively coupled noise and EMI. 4.1.2 Inrush limiting Thermistor RT1 provides inrush limiting. It is shorted by relay RL1 during normal operation, gated by activation of the internal bias supply (see components Q1, R20-21), increasing efficiency by approximately 1 - 1.5%. Capacitor C5 and resistor R15 are used to provide a short pulse of higher current to close relay RL1, followed by a smaller holding current determined by the value of R25. This reduces the power consumption of the relay coil. 4.1.3 Main PFC Stage Components C6, C10, L4, U1, and D3 form a boost power factor correction circuit. Components Q3-4, D4, and R16 form a non-linear feedback sense circuit (R11-13, R1719, C11, and C16) to drive the U1 feedback pin. This configuration achieves extremely fast transient response while simultaneously enabling a slow feedback loop to achieve the low gain-bandwidth product for high power factor. A Qspeed ultrafast soft recovery diode was selected for D3 as a lower cost alternative to a silicon carbide diode. Capacitor C6 is used to filter the output of diode bridge BR1, and was chosen for optimum power factor at 50% load. Components R7 and C12 filter the VCC supply for U10. Diode D2 charges the PFC output capacitor (C10) when AC is first applied. This routes the inrush current around the PFC inductor L4, preventing it from saturating and causing stress to U1 when the PFC stage begins to operate. It also routes the bulk of the Page 9 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 inrush current away from PFC rectifier D3. Capacitor C9 and R9 are used to shrink the high frequency loop around components U1, D3 and C10 to reduce EMI. A resistor in series with C9 damps mid-band EMI peaks. The incoming AC is rectified by BR1 and filtered by C6. Capacitor C6 was selected as a low-loss polypropylene type to provide the high instantaneous current through L4 during U1 on-time. 4.1.4 Primary Bias Supply / Start-up Components U2, T1, D5, C14-16, R22-R24, Q2, and VR1 comprise a simple low power non-isolated flyback supply to provide auxiliary power. Transformer T1 is very small, utilizing an EE10 core. Careful transformer design allows operation without a drain snubber for U2. Components Q2, VR1 R22-24, and C16 comprise the voltage sense, error amplifier, and feedback for U2. Capacitor C13 provides local high-voltage bypassing for U2. Transistor Q1 switches on relay RL1 when the primary bias supply reaches regulation, shorting out thermistor RT1. 4.2 LLC Converter The schematic in Figure 4 depicts a 24 V, 150 W LLC DC-DC converter implemented using the LCS702HG. 4.3 Primary Integrated circuit U3 incorporates the control circuitry, drivers and output MOSFETs necessary for an LLC resonant half-bridge (HB) converter. The HB output of U3 drives output transformer T2 via a blocking/resonating capacitor (C30). This capacitor was rated for the operating ripple current and to withstand the high voltages present during fault conditions. Transformer T2 was designed for a leakage inductance of 50 H. This, along with resonating capacitor C30, sets the primary series resonant frequency at ~286 kHz according to the equation: fR 1 6.28 LL CR R is the series resonant frequency in Hertz, LL is the transformer leakage inductance in Henries, and CR is the value of the resonating capacitor (C30) in Farads. The transformer turns ratio was set by adjusting the primary turns such that the operating frequency at nominal input voltage and full load is close to, but slightly less than, the previously described resonant frequency. An operating frequency of 250 kHz was found to be a good compromise between transformer size, output filter capacitance (enabling ceramic capacitors), and efficiency. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 10 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply The number of secondary winding turns was chosen to provide a good compromise between core and copper losses. AWG #44 Litz wire was used for the primary and AWG #42 Litz wire, for the secondary, this combination providing high-efficiency at the operating frequency (~250 kHz). The number of strands within each gauge of Litz wire was chosen as a balance between winding fit and copper losses. The core material selected was NC-2H (from Nicera). This material yielded acceptable (low-loss) performance. However, selecting a material more suited for high-frequency operation, such as PC95 (from TDK), would further reduce core loss and increase efficiency. Components D7, R35, and C28 comprise the bootstrap circuit to supply the internal highside driver of U1. Components C25 and R34, provide filtering and bypassing of the +12 V input which is the VCC supply for U3. Note: VCC voltage of >15 V may damage U3. Voltage divider R26-29 sets the high-voltage turn-on, turn-off, and overvoltage thresholds of U3. The voltage divider values are chosen to set the LLC turn-on point at 360 VDC and the turn-off point at 285 VDC, with an input overvoltage turn-off point at 473 VDC. Capacitor C29 is a high-frequency bypass capacitor for the +380 V input, connected with short traces between the D and S1/S2 pins of U3. Capacitor C31 forms a current divider with C30, and is used to sample a portion of the primary current. Resistor R40 senses this current, and the resulting signal is filtered by R39 and C27. Capacitor C31 should be rated for the peak voltage present during fault conditions, and should use a stable, low-loss dielectric such as metalized film, SL ceramic, or NPO/COG ceramic. The capacitor used in the RD-292 is a ceramic disc with “SL” temperature characteristic, commonly used in the drivers for CCFL tubes. The values chosen set the 1 cycle (fast) current limit at 5.5 A, and the 7-cycle (slow) current limit at 3 A, according to the equation: I CL 0.5 C 31 R 40 C 30 C 31 ICL is the 7-cycle current limit in Amperes, R40 is the current limit resistor in Ohms, and C30 and C31 are the values of the resonating and current sampling capacitors in nanofarads, respectively. For the one-cycle current limit, substitute 0.9 V for 0.5 V in the above equation. Resistor R39 is set to 220 the minimum recommended value. The value of C27 is set to 1 nF to avoid nuisance tripping due to noise, but not so high as to substantially affect Page 11 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 the current limit set values as calculated above. These components should be placed close to the IS pin for maximum effectiveness. The IS pin can tolerate negative currents, the current sense does not require a complicated rectification scheme. The Thevenin equivalent combination of R33 and R38 sets the dead-time at 290 ns and maximum operating frequency for U1 at 934 kHz. The FMAX input of U1 is filtered by C23. The combination of R33 and R138 also selects burst mode “2” for U3. This sets the lower and upper burst threshold frequencies at 366 kHz and 427 kHz, respectively. The FEEDBACK pin has an approximate characteristic of 2.6 kHz per A into the FEEDBACK pin. As the current into the FEEDBACK pin increases so does the operating frequency of U3, reducing the output voltage. The series combination of R30 and R31 sets the minimum operating frequency for U3 to ~187 kHz. This value was set to be lower than the frequency required for regulation a full load and minimum bulk capacitor voltage. Resistor R30 is bypassed by C21 to provide output soft start during start-up by initially allowing a higher current to flow into the FEEDBACK pin when the feedback loop is open. This causes the switching frequency to start high and then decrease until the output voltage reaches regulation. Resistor R31 is typically set at the same value as the combination of R33 and R38 so that the initial frequency at soft-start is equal to the maximum switching frequency as set by R33 and R38. If the value of R31 is less than this, it will cause a delay before switching occurs when the input voltage is applied. Optocoupler U4 drives the U3 FEEDBACK pin through R32 which limits the maximum optocoupler current into the FEEDBACK pin. Capacitor C26 filters the FEEDBACK pin. Resistor R36 loads the optocoupler output to force it to run at a relatively high quiescent current, increasing its gain. Resistors R32 and R36 also improve large signal step response and burst mode output ripple. Diode D8 isolates R36 from the FMAX/soft start network. 4.4 Output Rectification The output of transformer T1 is rectified and filtered by D9 and C34-35. These capacitors are X5R dielectric, carefully chosen for output ripple current rating. Standard Z5U capacitors will not work in this application. Output Rectifier D9 is a 150 V Schottky rectifier chosen for high efficiency, Intertwining the transformer secondary halves (see transformer construction details in section 8) reduces leakage inductance between the two secondary halves, reducing the worst-case PIV and allowing use of a 150 V rated Schottky diode with consequent higher efficiency. Additional output filtering is provided by L3 and C37. Capacitor C37 also damps the LLC output impedance peak at ~30 kHz caused by the LLC “virtual” output series R-L and ceramic output capacitors C34 and C35. It also improves the response to fast, high amplitude load steps. Resistors R48-49 force equal voltage across C34 and C35 by swamping out the effects of any internal or external leakage currents. Resistors R46 and R47, along with the U5 reference voltage, set the output voltage of the supply. Error amplifier U5 drives the feedback optocoupler U4 via R41. Zener diode VR2 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 12 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply clamps the voltage across U5 to a value below its maximum 35 V rating. Components C20, C36, and C41, R37, R42, R45, and R41 determine the gain-phase characteristics of the supply. These values were chosen to provide stable operation at nominal and extreme load/input voltage combinations. Resistor R43 allows the minimum required operating current to flow in U5 when no current flow occurs in the LED of optocoupler U4. Components C40, R44 and D10-11 are a soft finish network used to eliminate output overshoot at turn-on. 4.5 Secondary EMI Components Capacitor C42 is a Y1 capacitor that provides common mode filtering for frequencies up to ~15 MHz.Capacitors C32 and C33 couple a small amount of signal from the output of T1 into the secondary side of C42 to provide partial neutralization of the fundamental and harmonic frequencies of the LLC converter. This allows use of a smaller, less complicated EMI filter. Capacitors C30 and C39 are connected from the +48 V output and return to chassis ground through an aluminum standoff which would be fixed to the streetlight enclosure in the end application. These capacitors suppress common mode mid-to-high frequencies. Page 13 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 5 PCB Layout Figure 5 – Printed Circuit Layout, Top Side. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 14 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 6 – Printed Circuit Layout, Bottom Side. Page 15 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 6 Bill of Materials Item Qty Ref Des 1 1 BR1 2 2 C1 C2 3 3 C3 C4 C42 Description 600 V, 8 A, Bridge Rectifier, GBJ Package 220 nF, 275 VAC, Film, X2 1 nF, Ceramic, Y1 Mfg Part Number Mfg GBJ806-F Diodes, Inc. ECQ-U2A224ML Panasonic 440LD10-R Vishay EKMG160ELL101ME11D Nippon Chemi-Con ECW-F4105JL Panasonic 4 1 5 1 C6 100 F, 16 V, Electrolytic, Gen. Purpose, (5 x 11) 1 F, 400 V, Polypropylene Film 6 2 C7 C16 10 nF, 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 C0805C103K5RACTU Kemet 7 1 C8 100 nF, 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 CC0805KRX7R9BB104 Yageo C5 8 1 C9 10 nF, 1000 V, Disc Ceramic 9 1 C10 120 F, 450 V, Electrolytic, (22 x 430) 100 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206 S103K75Y5PN83K0R Vishay EET-ED2W121BA Panasonic 10 1 C11 11 3 C12 C24 C25 12 1 C13 4.7 nF, 1 kV, Thru Hole, Disc Ceramic 562R5GAD47 Vishay 13 1 C14 GRM188R61C105KA93D Murata 14 1 C15 ELXZ250ELL151MF15D Nippon Chemi-Con 15 1 C17 1 F, 16 V, Ceramic, X5R, 0603 150 F, 25 V, Electrolytic, Low ESR, 180 m, (6.3 x 15) 4.7 F, 25 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206 ECJ-3YB1E475M Panasonic 16 1 C18 470 pF, 100 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 08051C471KAT2A AVX 17 1 C20 33 nF, 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 ECJ-2VB1H333K Panasonic 18 2 C21 C28 330 nF, 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206 12065C334KAT2A AVX 19 2 C22 C40 22 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 08052C223KAT2A AVX 20 2 C23 C26 4.7 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 08052C472KAT2A AVX 21 1 C27 1 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 08052C102KAT2A AVX 22 1 C29 22 nF, 630 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1210 GRM32QR72J223KW01L Murata 23 1 C30 6.2 nF, 1600 V, Film B32672L1622J000 Epcos 24 1 C31 47 pF, 1 kV, Disc Ceramic DEA1X3A470JC1B Murata AVX 1 F, 25 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206 C1206C104K2RACTU Kemet HMK316B7105KL-T Taiyo Yuden 25 1 C32 33 pF, 1000 V, Ceramic, COG, 0805 0805AA330KAT1A 26 3 C33 C36 C41 2.2 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 08052C222KAT2A AVX 27 2 C34 C35 GMK325BJ106KN-T Taiyo Yuden 28 1 C37 EKZE630ELL121MJ16S United Chemi-con 29 2 C38 C39 08052C103KAT2A AVX 30 5 D1 D4 D8 D10 D11 LL4148-13 Diodes, Inc. 31 1 D2 10 F, 35 V, Ceramic, X5R, 1210 120 F, 63 V, Electrolytic, Gen. Purpose, (10 x 16) 10 nF, 200 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805 75 V, 0.15 A, Fast Switching, 4 ns, MELF 1000 V, 3 A, Recitifier, DO-201AD 32 1 D3 33 1 D5 34 1 D6 35 1 D7 36 1 37 2 38 1 D9 ESIPCLIP M4 METAL1 ESIPCLIP M4 METAL2 F1 39 1 HS1 40 1 41 1 HS2 HSPREADER_ESIPPF ISW1 1N5408-T 600 V, 5 A, TO-220AC LQA05TC600 200 V, 1 A, Ultrafast Recovery, 50 ns, UF4003-E3 DO-41 130 V, 5%, 250 mW, SOD-123 BAV116W-7-F 600 V, 1 A, Ultrafast Recovery, 75 ns, UF4005-E3 DO-41 150 V, 20 A, Schottky, TO-220AB DSSK 20-015A Heat sink Hardware, Edge Clip, 20.76 NP975864 mm L x 8 mm W x 0.015 mm Thk 5 A, 250V, Slow, TR5 37215000411 Heat sink, RDK292-Diode, Alum 1.300 61-00071-01 H x 2.270 W x 0.062" Thk" Heat sink, RDK292-eSIP,Alum 1.85 L x 2.840 W x 0.062" Thk" Heat Spreader, Custom, Al, 3003, 61-00040-00 0.030 Thk" Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Diodes, Inc. Power Integrations Vishay Diodes, Inc. Vishay IXYS Aavid Thermalloy Wickman Custom Custom Custom Page 16 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 3 Position (1 x 3) header, 0.156 pitch, Vertical 4 Position (1 x 4) header, 0.156 pitch, Vertical 16 mH, 2 A, Common Mode Choke Custom, 300 nH, ±15%, constructed on Micrometals T30-26 toroidal core Custom, 1.8 mH, constructed on VTM1050-10 base Post, Circuit Board, Female, Hex, 632, snap, 0.375L, Nylon Nut, Hex, Kep 4-40, S ZN Cr3 plateing RoHS NPN, Small Signal BJT, GP SS, 40 V, 0.6 A, SOT-23 PNP, Small Signal BJT, 40 V, 0.6 A, SOT-23 390 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 42 1 J1 43 1 J2 44 1 L1 45 1 L3 46 1 L4 47 4 48 5 49 2 Q1 Q3 50 2 Q2 Q4 51 4 R1 R3 R50 R51 52 3 R4 R5 R6 53 2 R7 R34 4.7 , 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 54 1 R8 55 1 R9 56 1 57 MTG1 MTG2 MTG3 MTG4 NUT1 NUT2 NUT3 NUT4 NUT5 B3P-VH JST 26-48-1045 Molex ELF-22V020C Panasonic SNX-R1621 Santronics USA SNX-R1623 Santronics USA 561-0375A Eagle Hardware 4CKNTZR Any RoHS Compliant Mfg. MMBT4401LT1G Diodes, Inc. MMBT4403-7-F Diodes, Inc. ERJ-8GEYJ394V Panasonic CFR-25JB-1M3 Yageo ERJ-8GEYJ4R7V Panasonic 10 , 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603 ERJ-3GEYJ100V Panasonic 1 , 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ1R0V Panasonic R11 1.60 M, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF1604V Panasonic 1 R12 732 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF7323V Panasonic 58 1 R13 1.50 M, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF1504V Panasonic 59 1 R14 2 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ202V Panasonic 60 1 R15 3 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ302V Panasonic 61 1 R16 160 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ164V Panasonic 62 1 R17 2.21 k, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6ENF2211V Panasonic 63 1 R18 57.6 k, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6ENF5762V Panasonic 64 1 R19 2.21 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF2211V Panasonic 65 1 R20 22 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ223V Panasonic 66 1 R21 2.2 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ222V Panasonic 67 1 R22 15 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Carbon Film 68 1 R23 69 1 70 2 71 1 R26 72 2 73 1.3 M, 5%, 1/4 W, Carbon Film CFR-25JB-15K Yageo 100 , 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603 ERJ-3GEYJ101V Panasonic R24 1 k, 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603 ERJ-3GEYJ102V Panasonic R25 R32 1 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ102V Panasonic 976 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Metal Film MFR-25FBF-976K Yageo R27 R28 976 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF9763V Panasonic 1 R29 20 k, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6ENF2002V Panasonic 74 1 R30 36.5 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF3652V Panasonic 75 1 R31 5.11 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8ENF5111V Panasonic 76 1 R33 5.9 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Metal Film MFR-25FBF-5K90 Yageo 77 1 R35 2.2 , 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ2R2V Panasonic 78 1 R36 4.7 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ472V Panasonic 79 1 R37 1 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ102V Panasonic 80 1 R38 52.3 k, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6ENF5232V Panasonic 81 1 R39 220 , 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ221V Panasonic 82 1 R40 24 , 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ240V Panasonic 83 1 R41 10 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Carbon Film CFR-25JB-10K Yageo 84 1 R42 2.2 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Carbon Film CFR-25JB-2K2 Yageo 85 1 R43 680 , 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ681V Panasonic 86 1 R44 10 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ103V Panasonic 87 1 R45 22 k, 5%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6GEYJ223V Panasonic Page 17 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 88 1 R46 182 k, 1%, 1/4 W, Metal Film MFR-25FBF-182K Yageo 89 1 R47 10 k, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805 ERJ-6ENF1002V Panasonic 90 2 R48 R49 1 M, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ105V Panasonic 91 1 R52 33 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206 ERJ-8GEYJ333V Panasonic 92 1 RL1 SPST-NO, 5 A 12 VDC, PC MNT G6B-1114P-US-DC12 OMRON 93 1 NTC Thermistor, 5 Ohms, 4.7 A CL-150 Thermometrics 94 5 Thermally conductive Silicone Grease 120-SA Wakefield 95 1 V320LA20AP Littlefuse 96 3 Screw Machine Phil 4-40 X 5/16 SS PMSSS 440 0031 PH Building Fasteners 97 2 RT1 RTV1 RTV2 RTV3 RTV4 RTV5 RV1 SCREW1 SCREW2 SCREW3 SCREW4 SCREW5 Screw Machine Phil 4-40 X 3/8 SS PMSSS 440 0038 PH Building Fasteners 98 2 SCREW6 SCREW7 Screw Machine Phil 4-40 X 1/4 SS PMSSS 440 0025 PH Building Fasteners 99 2 STDOFF1 STDOFF2 1892 Keystone 100 1 T1 SNX-R1619 Santronics USA 101 1 T2 SNX-R1620 Santronics USA 102 1 TO-220 PAD3 SPK10-0.006-00-90 Bergquist 103 1 TO-220 PAD1 K10-104 Bergquist 104 1 TP1 5012 Keystone 105 5 TP2 TP4 TP6 TP7 TP9 5011 Keystone 106 2 TP3 TP8 5010 Keystone 107 1 TP5 Standoff Hex, 4-40, 0.375 L Custom Transformer, LinkSwitch, EE10, Vertical, pins 3, 6 & 7 removed Custom Transformer, LLC, 48V, EEL25.4, Vertical THERMAL PAD TO-118, TO-220, TO247, .006 K10" HEATPAD TO-247 .006" K10 Test Point, WHT,THRU-HOLE MOUNT Test Point, BLK,THRU-HOLE MOUNT Test Point, RED,THRU-HOLE MOUNT Test Point, YEL,THRU-HOLE MOUNT 5014 Keystone 108 1 U1 HiperPFS, eSIP7/6-TH PFS708EG Power Integrations 109 1 U2 LinkSwitch-TN, SO-8 LNK302DG Power Integrations 110 1 U3 LCS702HG Power Integrations 111 1 U4 LTV-817A Liteon 112 1 U5 HiperLCS, Overmolded, ESIP16/13, Optocoupler, 35 V, CTR 80-160%, 4DIP IC, REG ZENER SHUNT ADJ SOT-23 113 1 U6 114 1 VR1 115 1 VR2 116 2 WASHER1 WASHER3 117 1 WASHER2 118 5 WASHER4 WASHER5 WASHER6 WASHER7 WASHER8 320 V, 80 J, 14 mm, RADIAL CAPZero, SO-8C 12 V, 5%, 500 mW, DO-213AA (MELF) 33 V, 5%, 500 mW, DO-35 Washer,Shoulder, #4, 0.095 Shoulder x 0.117 Dia , Polyphenylene Sulfide PPS Washer Teflon #6, ID 0.156, OD 0.312, Thk 0.031 Washer FLAT #4 SS Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com LM431AIM3/NOPB National Semic CAP002DG Power Integrations ZMM5242B-7 Diodes, Inc. 1N5257B-T Diodes, Inc. 7721-10PPSG Aavid Thermalloy FWF-6 See Distributor FWSS 004 Building Fasteners Page 18 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 7 Heat Sink Assemblies 7.1 Diode Heat Sink Assembly 7.1.1 Diode Heat Sink Drawing Page 19 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 7.1.2 Diode Heat Sink Fabrication Drawing Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 20 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 7.1.3 Diode and Heat Sink Assembly Drawing Page 21 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 7.2 19-Nov-13 Primary Heat Sink Assembly 7.2.1 Primary Heat Sink Drawing Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 22 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 7.2.2 Primary Heat Sink Fabrication Drawing Page 23 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 7.2.3 Primary and Heat Sink Assembly Drawing Note: The above heat sink drawing is designed for the overmolded version of the LCS IC. A SIL pad must be substituted, instead of thermal grease (Item 13) if the exposed-pad version of the LCS IC is used. The picture below identifies the two versions of the IC. Overmolded LCS IC Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Exposed Pad LCS IC Page 24 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8 Magnetics 8.1 PFC Choke (L2) Specification 8.1.1 Electrical Diagram Figure 7 – Transformer Electrical Diagram. 8.1.2 Electrical Specifications Inductance Pins 1-5 measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS 1.8 mH, ±8% 8.1.3 Materials Item [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Description Core: Chang Sung, Inc.: Sendust core: CS270090; Alternate: Magnetics Inc., Mfg: 77934-A7. Magnet wire: 22AWG insulated magnet wire. VTM1050-1D. Base: Toroid mounting base, Lodestone Pacific, P/N VTM160-4, or similar. See Figure 2. PI P/N: 76-00019-00. High Temperature Epoxy, Mfg: MG Chemicals, P/N: 832HT-375ML, Digikey: 473-1085-ND, or similar, PI P/N: 66-00087-00. Divider: Tie-wrap, Panduit, P/N: PLT.7M-M or similar. Page 25 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Figure 8 – Top View of Toroid mounting Base Item [3]. 8.1.4 Winding Instructions Insert 2 dividers item [5] in the core item [1] to divide into 2 sections equally. See photo. Superglue dividers in place if necessary to prevent slipping. Take approximately 17ft of wire item [2]. Align center of wire with 1 divider. This location on the inductor is your ‘top’ reference point. Center of wire Start winding on the left section with approximately 24 turns of wire item [2], for the 1st layer, wind wire laminar fashion and ensure that turns do not overlap. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 26 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Next, wind another 24 turns on the right hand side of the core. Continue winding on the right hand side for the 2nd layer approximately 22 turns, spread wire evenly and try to ensure that turns do not overlap. Page 27 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Continue winding on the right section on the 3rd layer the remaining [approximately 17] turns, distributing wire evenly and try to ensure that turns do not overlap. Wind the same as above for the 2nd and 3rd layers on the left section. Inductor leads will finish at the ‘bottom’ of the inductor after all turns are wound. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 28 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Invert toroid with ‘top’ side down for mounting. Remove pins 2, 3, 4, and 8 on base (item [3]). Place wound toroid into the mount with ‘top’ side down Solder the leads to pins 1 and 5 of mounting base item [3]. Secure the ‘top’ side of the inductor to the base by using high temperature epoxy item [4]. Front view Back view Figure 9 – Front and Back Views of Finished PFC Inductor Page 29 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8.2 19-Nov-13 LLC Transformer (T2) Specification 8.2.1 Electrical Diagram Figure 9 – PFC Electrical Diagram. 8.2.2 Electrical Specification Electrical Strength Primary Inductance Resonant Frequency Primary Leakage Inductance 1 second, 60 Hz, from pins 1-6 to FL1, Fl2, FL3, FL4. Pins 2-5, all other windings open, measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS Pins 2-5, all other windings open Pins 2-5, with FL1, FL2, FL3, FL4 shorted, measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS 3000 VAC 340 H, ±10% 1800 kHz (Min) 50 H ±5% 8.2.3 Materials Item [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Description Core Pair: EEL25.4 Nippon Ceramic FEEL25.4-NC-2H, ungapped. Bobbin: EEL25 Vertical, 3 chamber, 5 pins, PI P/N 25-00960-05. Bobbin EEL25 Cover, PI P/N 25-00961-00. Tape: Polyester Film, 3M 1350F-1 or equivalent, 7.0 mm wide. Litz wire: 165/#42 Single Coated, Unserved. Litz wire: 125/#44 Single Coated, Served. Transformer Varnish: Dolph BC-359 or equivalent. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 30 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8.2.4 Build Diagram Figure 10 – PFC Choke Build Diagram. 8.2.5 Winding Instructions Secondary Wire Preparation WD1 (Primary) WD2A & WD2B (Secondary) Bobbin Cover WD 3 (Primary) Finish Page 31 of 97 Prepare 2 strands of wire item [5] 26” length, tin ends, and label one strand to distinguish from other and designate it as FL1, FL2. Other strand will be designated as FL3 and FL4. Twist these 2 strands together ~60 twists evenly along length leaving 1” free at each end. See pictures below. Place the bobbin item [2] on the mandrel with pin side on the left side. Starting on pin 5, wind 24 turns of served Litz wire [6] in 5 layers, and finish on pin 1. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Using unserved Litz assembly prepared in step 1, start with FL1 and FL3 inserted into hole 1 and hole 4 of bobbin [2] bottom flange (see illustration). Tightly wind 12 turns in bobbin center chamber. Finish with FL2 in hole 3 of bobbin bottom flange, and FL4 in hole 1. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Slide bobbin cover [3] into grooves in bobbin flanges as shown, with closed end of cover pointed to pin 1-5 side of bobbin see illustration. Make sure cover is securely seated. Start on pin 1 of bobbin [2], wind 25 turns of served Litz wire [6], finishing on pin 2. Secure and insulate winding start lead using tape [4] per illustration. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Grind core halves [1] for inductance of 270 H ±10%. Assemble and secure core halves. Tin all secondary wires to ~ ¼” from bobbin holes per illustration, and trim to ½”. Dip varnish [7]. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 8.2.6 Winding Illustrations FL1 FL2 FL3 Secondary Wire Preparation FL4 Make 2 strands of wire item [5] 26” length, tin ends, label one cable to distinguish from other and designate it as FL1, FL2. Other strand will be designated as FL3 and FL4. Twist these 2 cables together ~60 twists evenly along length leaving 1” free at each end. See pictures below. FL4 FL1 FL2 Video 1.wmv FL3 WD1 (Primary) Place the bobbin item [2] on the mandrel with pin side on the left side. Starting on pin 5. WD1 (Primary) (Cont’d) Wind 24 turns of served Litz wire [6] in 5 layers, and finish on pin 1. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 32 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Hole 1 Hole 2 Hole 3 Hole 4 FL1 WD2A & WD2B (Secondary) Page 33 of 97 FL3 Using unserved Litz assembly prepared in step 1, start with FL1 and FL3 inserted into hole 2 and hole 4 of bobbin [2] bottom flange (see illustration). Tightly wind 12 turns in bobbin center chamber. Finish with FL2 in hole 3 of bobbin bottom flange, and FL4 in hole 1. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 FL4 FL1 FL3 FL2 Bobbin Cover Slide bobbin cover [3] into grooves in bobbin flanges as shown, with closed end of cover pointed to pin 1-5 side of bobbin, see illustration. Make sure cover is securely seated. WD 3 (Primary) Start on pin 1 of bobbin [2], wind 25 turns of served Litz wire [6] in 5 layers, finish on pin 2. Secure and insulate winding start lead using tape [4] per illustration. Secure winding with one turn of tape [4]. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 34 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Front Grind core halves [1] for inductance of 270 H ±10%. Assemble and secure core halves. Tin all secondary wires to ~ ¼” from bobbin holes per illustration, and trim to ½”. Dip varnish [7]. Finish Back Page 35 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8.3 19-Nov-13 Bias Transformer (T1) Specification 8.3.1 Electrical Diagram 1 WDG#3 76T #38 AWG 2 WDG#1 80T #38 AWG 4 8 WDG #2 26T #32 AWG T.I. 5 Figure 11 – Transformer Electrical Diagram. 8.3.2 Electrical Specifications Electrical Strength Primary Inductance Resonant Frequency Primary Leakage Inductance 1 second, 60 Hz, from pins 1-4 to pins 5-8. Pins 1-4, all other windings open, measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS. Pins 1-4, all other windings open. Pins 1-4, with pins 5-8 shorted, measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS. 500 V 1880 H ±10% 1000 kHz (Min.) 20 H ±10% 8.3.3 Materials List Item [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Description Core: EE10, TDK PC40 material or equivalent. Gap for inductance coefficient (AL) of 77 nH/T². Bobbin, EE10 vertical, 8 Pin. TDK BE10-118CPSFR, Taiwan Shulin TF-10, or equiv. Tape, Polyester film, 3M 1350F-1 or equivalent, 7.1 mm wide. Wire, Magnet #38 AWG, solderable double coated. Wire, Triple Insulated, Furukawa TEX-E or equivalent, #32 AWG. Transformer Varnish, Dolph BC-359 or equivalent. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 36 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 8.3.4 Transformer Build Diagram Tape 1 2 5 8 ½ Primary Secondary 2 4 ½ Primary Figure 12 – Bias Transformer Build Diagram. 8.3.5 Transformer Build Instructions General Note WD1 (1/2 Primary) Tape WD2 (Secondary) Tape WD3 (1/2 Primary) Tape Assembly Page 37 of 97 For the purpose of these instructions, bobbin is oriented on winder such that pin side is on the left side (see illustration). Winding direction as shown is counterclockwise. Starting at pin 4, wind 80 turns of wire (Item [4]) in ~1 1/2 layers. Finish at pin 2. Use 1 layer of tape (Item [3]) for insulation. Starting at pin 8, wind 26 turns of triple insulated wire (Item [5]) in two layers. Finish at pin 5. Use 1 layer of tape (Item [3]) for insulation. Starting at pin 2, wind 76 turns of wire (Item [4]) in ~ 1 1/2 layers. Finish at pin 1. Use 3 layer of tape (Item [3]) for finish wrap. Grind core halves for specified primary inductance, insert bobbin, and secure core halves. Remove pin 3, 6, 7. Dip varnish [6]. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 8.3.6 Transformer Build Illustrations Bobbin Preparation General Note For the purpose of these instructions, bobbin is oriented on winder such that pin side is on the left side (see illustration). Winding direction as shown is counter-clockwise. WD1 (1/2 Primary) Starting at pin 4, wind 80 turns of wire (Item [4]) in ~1 1/2 layers. Finish at pin 2. Apply one layer of tape (item [3]) for insulation. Tape Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 38 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply WD2 (Secondary) Starting at pin 8, wind 26 turns of triple insulated wire (Item [5]) in ~1 1/2 layers. Finish at pin 5. Tape Use 1 layer of tape (Item [3]) for insulation. WD3 (1/2 Primary) Tape Page 39 of 97 Starting at pin 2, wind 76 turns of wire (Item [4]) in two layers. Finish at pin 1. Use 3 layer of tape (Item [3]) for finish wrap. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Assembly 19-Nov-13 Grind core halves for specified primary inductance, insert bobbin, and secure core halves. Remove pin 3, 6, 7. Dip varnish [6]. Finished Transformer Note that Pins 3, 6, 7 are removed. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 40 of 97 19-Nov-13 8.4 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Output Inductor (L3) Specification 8.4.1 Electrical Diagram Figure 13 – Inductor Electrical Diagram. 8.4.2 Electrical Specifications Pins FL1-FL2, all other windings open, measured at 100 kHz, 0.4 VRMS Inductance 300 nH, ±15% 8.4.3 Material List Item [1] [2] Description Powdered Iron Toroidal Core: Micrometals T30-26. Magnet wire: #19 AWG Solderable Double Coated. 8.4.4 Construction Details Figure 14 – Finished Part, Front View. Tin Leads to within ~1/8” of Toroid Body. Page 41 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 9 LLC Transformer Design Spreadsheet HiperLCS_120611; Rev.1.2; Copyright INPUTS Power Integrations 2011 Enter Input Parameters Vbulk_nom 380 OUTPUTS UNITS 380 V Vbrownout 280 V Vbrownin VOV_shut VOV_restart 353 465 448 V V V 120 uF 25.5 ms CBULK 120.00 tHOLDUP INFO Enter LLC (secondary) outputs VO1 48.00 48.0 V IO1 VD1 PO1 VO2 IO2 VD2 PO2 P_LLC LCS Device Selection Device RDS-ON (MAX) Coss Cpri Pcond_loss Tmax-hs 3.13 0.70 3.1 0.70 150 0.0 0.0 0.70 0.00 150 A V W V A V W W Theta J-HS Expected Junction temperature Ta max LCS702 HiperLCS_120611_Rev1-2.xls; HiperLCS Half-Bridge, Continuous mode LLC Resonant Converter Design Spreadsheet Nominal LLC input voltage Brownout threshold voltage. HiperLCS will shut down if voltage drops below this value. Allowable value is between 65% and 76% of Vbulk_nom. Set to 65% for max holdup time Startup threshold on bulk capacitor OV protection on bulk voltage Restart voltage after OV protection. Minimum value of bulk cap to meet holdup time requirement; Adjust holdup time and Vbrownout to change bulk cap value Bulk capacitor hold up time The spreadsheet assumes AC stacking of the secondaries Main Output Voltage. Spreadsheet assumes that this is the regulated output Main output maximum current Forward voltage of diode in Main output Output Power from first LLC output Second Output Voltage Second output current Forward voltage of diode used in second output Output Power from second LLC output Specified LLC output power LCS702 1.39 ohms 250 pF 40 pF 1.5 W 90 deg C deg 9.1 C/W LCS Device RDS-ON (max) of selected device Equivalent Coss of selected device Stray Capacitance at transformer primary Conduction loss at nominal line and full load Maximum heatsink temperature Thermal resistance junction to heatsink (with grease and no insulator) 104 Expected Junction temperature deg C 50 deg C Expected max ambient temperature deg Theta HS-A 26 Required thermal resistance heatsink to ambient C/W LLC Resonant Parameter and Transformer Calculations (generates red curve) Desired Input voltage at which power train operates at Vres_target 395 V resonance. If greater than Vbulk_nom, LLC operates below resonance at VBULK. Po 152 W LLC output power including diode loss Main Output voltage (includes diode drop) for calculating Vo 48.70 V Nsec and turns ratio Desired switching frequency at Vbulk_nom. 66 kHz to 300 f_target 250 kHz kHz, recommended 180-250 kHz Parallel inductance. (Lpar = Lopen - Lres for integrated Lpar 229 uH transformer; Lpar = Lmag for non-integrated low-leakage transformer) Primary open circuit inductance for integrated transformer; Lpri 280.00 280 uH for low-leakage transformer it is sum of primary inductance and series inductor. If left blank, auto-calculation shows Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 42 of 97 19-Nov-13 Lres RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 51.00 Kratio Cres 51.0 uH 4.5 6.20 Lsec m n_eq 6.2 nF 14.100 uH 94 % 4.03 Npri 49.0 49.0 Nsec 12.0 12.0 f_predicted 262 kHz f_res 283 kHz value necessary for slight loss of ZVS at ~80% of Vnom Series inductance or primary leakage inductance of integrated transformer; if left blank auto-calculation is for K=4 Ratio of Lpar to Lres. Maintain value of K such that 2.1 < K < 11. Preferred Lres is such that K<7. Series resonant capacitor. Red background cells produce red graph. If Lpar, Lres, Cres, and n_RATIO_red_graph are left blank, they will be auto-calculated Secondary side inductance of one phase of main output; measure and enter value, or adjust value until f_predicted matches what is measured ; Leakage distribution factor (primary to secondary). >50% signifies most of the leakage is in primary side. Gap physically under secondary yields >50%, requiring fewer primary turns. Turns ratio of LLC equivalent circuit ideal transformer Primary number of turns; if input is blank, default value is auto-calculation so that f_predicted = f_target and m=50% Secondary number of turns (each phase of Main output). Default value is estimate to maintain BAC<=200 mT, using selected core (below) Expected frequency at nominal input voltage and full load; Heavily influenced by n_eq and primary turns Series resonant frequency (defined by series inductance Lres and C) Expected switching frequency at Vbrownout, full load. Set HiperLCS minimum frequency to this value. Parallel resonant frequency (defined by Lpar + Lres and C) LLC full load gain inversion frequency. Operation below this frequency results in operation in gain inversion region. LLC full load gain inversion point input voltage Expected value of input voltage at which LLC operates at resonance. f_brownout 187 kHz f_par 121 kHz f_inversion 166 kHz Vinversion 240 V Vres_expected 393 V 1.04 A Primary winding RMS current at full load, Vbulk_nom and f_predicted 2.4 A Winding 1 (Lower secondary Voltage) RMS current 1.4 A Lower Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current 0.0 A Winding 2 (Higher secondary Voltage) RMS current 0.0 A Higher Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current 102 V Resonant capacitor AC RMS Voltage at full load and nominal input voltage RMS Currents and Voltages IRMS_LLC_Primary Winding 1 (Lower secondary Voltage) RMS current Lower Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current Winding 2 (Higher secondary Voltage) RMS current Higher Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current Cres_Vrms Virtual Transformer Trial - (generates blue curve) New primary turns 49.0 New secondary turns 12.0 New Lpri 280 uH New Cres 6.2 nF 51.0 229 14.100 4.5 uH uH uH New estimated Lres New estimated Lpar New estimated Lsec New Kratio Page 43 of 97 Trial transformer primary turns; default value is from resonant section Trial transformer secondary turns; default value is from resonant section Trial transformer open circuit inductance; default value is from resonant section Trial value of series capacitor (if left blank calculated value chosen so f_res same as in main resonant section above Trial transformer estimated Lres Estimated value of Lpar for trial transformer Estimated value of secondary leakage inductance Ratio of Lpar to Lres for trial transformer Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply New equivalent circuit transformer turns ratio V powertrain inversion new f_res_trial f_predicted_trial IRMS_LLC_Primary Winding 1 (Lower secondary Voltage) RMS current Lower Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current Winding 2 (Higher secondary Voltage) RMS current Higher Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current 4.03 19-Nov-13 Estimated effective transformer turns ratio 240 V Input voltage at LLC full load gain inversion point 283 262 kHz kHz 1.04 A 2.4 A RMS current through Output 1 winding, assuming half sinusoidal waveshape 1.4 A Lower Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current 2.4 A RMS current through Output 2 winding; Output 1 winding is AC stacked on top of Output 2 winding 0.0 A Higher Secondary Voltage Capacitor RMS current New Series resonant frequency New nominal operating frequency Primary winding RMS current at full load and nominal input voltage (Vbulk) and f_predicted_trial Expected value of input voltage at which LLC operates at resonance. Transformer Core Calculations (Calculates From Resonant Parameter Section) Transformer Core Auto EEL25 Transformer Core Ae 0.40 cm^2 Enter transformer core cross-sectional area Ve 3.01 cm^3 Enter the volume of core Aw 107.9 mm^2 Area of window Bw 22.0 mm Total Width of Bobbin mW/cm Enter the loss per unit volume at the switching frequency Loss density 200.0 ^3 and BAC (Units same as kW/m^3) MLT 3.1 cm Mean length per turn Nchambers 2 Number of Bobbin chambers Winding separator distance (will result in loss of winding Wsep 3.0 mm area) Ploss 0.6 W Estimated core loss Bpkfmin 134 mT First Quadrant peak flux density at minimum frequency. AC peak to peak flux density (calculated at f_predicted, BAC 192 mT Vbulk at full load) Primary Winding Number of primary turns; determined in LLC resonant Npri 49.0 section Primary gauge 44 AWG Individual wire strand gauge used for primary winding Equivalent Primary 0.050 mm Equivalent diameter of wire in metric units Metric Wire gauge Number of strands in Litz wire; for non-litz primary winding, Primary litz strands 125 125 set to 1 Primary Winding Primary window allocation factor - percentage of winding 50 % Allocation Factor space allocated to primary AW_P 47 mm^2 Winding window area for primary Fill Factor 43% % % Fill factor for primary winding (typical max fill is 60%) Resistivity_25 m75.42 Resistivity in milli-ohms per meter C_Primary ohm/m Primary DCR 25 C 114.42 m-ohm Estimated resistance at 25 C Estimated resistance at 100 C (approximately 33% higher Primary DCR 100 C 153.32 m-ohm than at 25 C) Primary RMS current 1.04 A Measured RMS current through the primary winding Measured AC resistance (at 100 kHz, room temperature), ACR_Trf_Primary 245.31 m-ohm multiply by 1.33 to approximate 100 C winding temperature Primary copper loss 0.27 W Total primary winding copper loss at 85 C Secondary Winding 1 (Lower secondary voltage OR Single Note - Power loss calculations are for each winding output) half of secondary Output Voltage 48.00 V Output Voltage (assumes AC stacked windings) Vres_expected_trial 393 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com V Page 44 of 97 19-Nov-13 Sec 1 Turns Sec 1 RMS current (total, AC+DC) Winding current (DC component) Winding current (AC RMS component) Sec 1 Wire gauge Equivalent secondary 1 Metric Wire gauge Sec 1 litz strands RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 12.00 42 165 Secondary winding turns (each phase ) RMS current through Output 1 winding, assuming half sinusoidal waveshape 2.4 A 1.56 A DC component of winding current 1.85 A AC component of winding current 42 AWG 0.060 mm Individual wire strand gauge used for secondary winding Equivalent diameter of wire in metric units Number of strands used in Litz wire; for non-litz nonintegrated transformer set to 1 165 Resistivity_25 C_sec1 35.93 DCR_25C_Sec1 13.35 mohm/m m-ohm DCR_100C_Sec1 17.89 m-ohm DCR_Ploss_Sec1 0.35 W ACR_Sec1 28.62 m-ohm ACR_Ploss_Sec1 Total winding 1 Copper Losses Capacitor RMS current Co1 Capacitor ripple voltage Output rectifier RMS Current 0.20 W 0.55 W 1.4 A Output capacitor RMS current 1.3 uF 3.0 % 2.4 A Secondary 1 output capacitor Peak to Peak ripple voltage on secondary 1 output capacitor Schottky losses are a stronger function of load DC current. Sync Rectifier losses are a function of RMS current Note - Power loss calculations are for each winding half of secondary Output Voltage (assumes AC stacked windings) Secondary winding turns (each phase) AC stacked on top of secondary winding 1 RMS current through Output 2 winding; Output 1 winding is AC stacked on top of Output 2 winding Secondary Winding 2 (Higher secondary voltage) Output Voltage 0.00 Sec 2 Turns 0.00 Sec 2 RMS current (total, AC+DC) Winding current (DC component) Winding current (AC RMS component) Sec 2 Wire gauge Equivalent secondary 2 Metric Wire gauge Sec 2 litz strands Resistivity_25 C_sec2 V Estimated resistance per phase at 25 C (for reference) Estimated resistance per phase at 100 C (approximately 33% higher than at 25 C) Estimated Power loss due to DC resistance (both secondary phases) Measured AC resistance per phase (at 100 kHz, room temperature), multiply by 1.33 to approximate 100 C winding temperature. Default value of ACR is twice the DCR value at 100 C Estimated AC copper loss (both secondary phases) Total (AC + DC) winding copper loss for both secondary phases 2.4 A 0.0 A DC component of winding current 0.0 A AC component of winding current 42 AWG 0.060 mm Individual wire strand gauge used for secondary winding Equivalent diameter of wire in metric units Number of strands used in Litz wire; for non-litz nonintegrated transformer set to 1 0 59292.53 mohm/m Transformer Secondary MLT DCR_25C_Sec2 3.10 cm 0.00 m-ohm DCR_100C_Sec2 0.00 m-ohm DCR_Ploss_Sec1 0.00 W ACR_Sec2 0.00 m-ohm ACR_Ploss_Sec2 Total winding 2 0.00 0.00 W W Page 45 of 97 Resistivity in milli-ohms per meter Resistivity in milli-ohms per meter Mean length per turn Estimated resistance per phase at 25 C (for reference) Estimated resistance per phase at 100 C (approximately 33% higher than at 25 C) Estimated Power loss due to DC resistance (both secondary halves) Measured AC resistance per phase (at 100 kHz, room temperature), multiply by 1.33 to approximate 100 C winding temperature. Default value of ACR is twice the DCR value at 100 C Estimated AC copper loss (both secondary halves) Total (AC + DC) winding copper loss for both secondary Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Copper Losses Capacitor RMS current Co2 Capacitor ripple voltage Output rectifier RMS Current Transformer Loss Calculations Primary copper loss (from Primary section) Secondary copper Loss Transformer total copper loss AW_S Secondary Fill Factor 19-Nov-13 halves 0.0 A Output capacitor RMS current N/A uF N/A % 0.0 A Secondary 2 output capacitor Peak to Peak ripple voltage on secondary 1 output capacitor Schottky losses are a stronger function of load DC current. Sync Rectifier losses are a function of RMS current Does not include fringing flux loss from gap 0.27 W Total primary winding copper loss at 85 C 0.55 W Total copper loss in secondary winding 0.81 W Total copper loss in transformer (primary + secondary) 46.59 mm^2 40% % 187 kHz ns Area of window for secondary winding % Fill factor for secondary windings; typical max fill is 60% for served and 75% for unserved Litz Signal Pins Resistor Values f_min Dead Time 290 290 Burst Mode Auto 2 Minimum frequency when optocoupler is cut-off. Only change this variable based on actual bench measurements Dead time Select Burst Mode: 1, 2, and 3 have hysteresis and have different frequency thresholds Max internal clock frequency, dependent on dead-time setting. Is also start-up frequency Lower threshold frequency of burst mode, provides hysteresis. This is switching frequency at restart after a bursting off-period Upper threshold frequency of burst mode; This is switching frequency at which a bursting off-period stops f_max 934 kHz f_burst_start 366 kHz f_burst_stop 427 kHz 5.84 k-ohms Resistor from DT/BF pin to VREF pin 53 k-ohms Resistor from DT/BF pin to G pin Rstart 5.09 k-ohms Start up delay 0.0 ms Rfmin 36.8 k-ohms 0.22 uF DT/BF pin upper divider resistor DT/BF pin lower divider resistor C_softstart 0.22 Ropto 1.0 OV/UV pin lower 20.00 20.0 resistor OV/UV pin upper 2.92 resistor LLC Capacitive Divider Current Sense Circuit k-ohms Start-up resistor - resistor in series with soft-start capacitor; equivalent resistance from FB to VREF pins at startup. Use default value unless additional start-up delay is desired. Start-up delay; delay before switching begins. Reduce R_START to increase delay Resistor from VREF pin to FB pin, to set min operating frequency; This resistor plus Rstart determine f_MIN. Includes 7% HiperLCS frequency tolerance to ensure f_min is below f_brownout Soft start capacitor. Recommended values are between 0.1 uF and 0.47 uF Resistor in series with opto emitter k-ohm Lower resistor in OV/UV pin divider M-ohm Total upper resistance in OV/UV pin divider Slow current limit 2.92 A Fast current limit 5.26 A LLC sense capacitor 47 pF RLLC sense resistor 22.8 ohms 220 ohms 1.0 nF IS pin current limit resistor IS pin noise filter Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 8-cycle current limit - check positive half-cycles during brownout and startup 1-cycle current limit - check positive half-cycles during startup HV sense capacitor, forms current divider with main resonant capacitor LLC current sense resistor, senses current in sense capacitor Limits current from sense resistor into IS pin when voltage on sense R is < -0.5V IS pin bypass capacitor; forms a pole with IS pin current Page 46 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply capacitor IS pin noise filter pole frequency Loss Budget LCS device Conduction loss Output diode Loss Transformer estimated total copper loss Transformer estimated total core loss Total transformer losses Total estimated losses Estimated Efficiency PIN limit capacitor 724 kHz 1.5 W Conduction loss at nominal line and full load 2.2 W Estimated diode losses 0.81 W Total copper loss in transformer (primary + secondary) 0.6 W Estimated core loss 1.4 W Total transformer losses 5.1 97% 155 W % W Total losses in LLC stage Estimated efficiency LLC input power This is to help you choose the secondary turns Outputs not connected to any other part of spreadsheet Target regulated output voltage Vo1. Change to see effect on slave output Diode drop voltage for Vo1 Total number of turns for Vo1 Expected output Target output voltage Vo2 Diode drop voltage for Vo2 Total number of turns for Vo2 Expected output voltage Not applicable if using integrated magnetics - not connected to any other part of spreadsheet Desired inductance of separate inductor Inductor core cross-sectional area Number of primary turns AC flux for core loss calculations (at f_predicted and full load) Secondary Turns and Voltage Centering Calculator V1 48.00 V V1d1 0.70 V N1 12.00 V1_Actaul 48.00 V V2 0.00 V V2d2 0.70 V N2 0.00 V2_Actual -0.70 V Separate Series Inductor (For Non-Integrated Transformer Only) Lsep 51.00 uH Ae_Ind 0.53 cm^2 Inductor turns 10 BP_fnom Expected peak primary current BP_fmin Inductor Litz gauge Equivalent Inductor Metric Wire gauge Inductor litz strands Inductor parallel wires Resistivity_25 C_Sep_Ind Inductor MLT Inductor DCR 25 C 152 mT 2.9 A 284 44 mT AWG 0.050 mm 125.00 1 7.00 52.8 Inductor DCR 100 C 70.7 m-ohm ACR_Sep_Inductor 113.2 m-ohm Inductor copper loss Feedback section VMAIN ITL431_BIAS 0.12 W 48.0 1.0 mA VF_MIN 1.1 V VCE_SAT 0.3 V Page 47 of 97 Auto Expected peak primary current Peak flux density, calculated at minimum frequency fmin Individual wire strand gauge used for primary winding Equivalent diameter of wire in metric units Number of strands used in Litz wire Number of parallel individual wires to make up Litz wire mohm/m cm m-ohm 75.4 This pole attenuates IS pin signal Resistivity in milli-ohms per meter Mean length per turn Estimated resistance at 25 C (for reference) Estimated resistance at 100 C (approximately 33% higher than at 25 C) Measured AC resistance (at 100 kHz, room temperature), multiply by 1.33 to approximate 100 C winding temperature Total primary winding copper loss at 85 C Output voltage rail that optocoupler LED is connected to Minimum operating current in TL431 cathode Maximum Optocoupler LED forward voltage at IOPTO_BJTMAX (max current) Optocoupler transistor saturation voltage Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply CTR_MIN 0.8 VTL431_SAT 2.5 V RLED_SHUNT 1.1 k-ohms ROPTO_LOAD 4.70 k-ohms 382.98 uA IOPTO_BJT_MAX 0.99 mA RLED_SERIES_MAX 17.86 k-ohms IFMAX Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 19-Nov-13 Optocoupler minimum CTR at VCE_SAT and at IOPTO_BJT_MAX TL431 minimum cathode voltage when saturated Resistor across optocoupler LED to ensure minimum TL431 bias current is met Resistor from optocoupler emitter to ground, sets load current FB pin current when switching at FMAX (e.g. startup) Sameer should we show this? Optocoupler transistor maximum current - when bursting at FMAX (e.g. startup) Maximum value of gain setting resistor, in series with optocoupler LED, to ensure optocoupler can deliver IOPTO_BJT_MAX. Includes -10% tolerance factor. Page 48 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 10 Bias Transformer Design Spreadsheet ACDC_LinkSwitchTN_Flyback_103007; Rev.1.9; Copyright INPUT Power Integrations 2007 ENTER APPLICATION VARIABLES VACMIN 85 VACMAX 280 fL 50 INFO OUTPUT UNIT Volts Volts Hertz VO 12.60 Volts IO 0.05 Amps CC Threshold Voltage 0.00 Volts Output Cable Resistance 0.17 Ohms PO 0.63 Watts Feedback Type Add Bias Winding OPTO Opto NO No n 0.6 Z 0.5 tC CIN Input Rectification Type 2.90 mSeconds 100.00 uFarads F F ACDC_LinkSwitch-TN Flyback_103007; Copyright Power Integrations 2007 Minimum AC Input Voltage Maximum AC Input Voltage AC Mains Frequency Output Voltage (main) (For CC designs enter upper CV tolerance limit) Power Supply Output Current (For CC designs enter upper CC tolerance limit) Voltage drop across sense resistor. Enter the resistance of the output cable (if used) Output Power (VO x IO + CC dissipation) Choose 'BIAS' for Bias winding feedback and 'OPTO' for Optocoupler feedback from the 'Feedback Type' drop down box at the top of this spreadsheet Choose 'YES' in the 'Bias Winding' drop down box at the top of this spreadsheet to add a Bias winding. Choose 'NO' to continue design without a Bias winding. Addition of Bias winding can lower no load consumption Efficiency Estimate at output terminals. Loss Allocation Factor (suggest 0.5 for CC=0 V, 0.75 for CC=1 V) Bridge Rectifier Conduction Time Estimate Input Capacitance Choose H for Half Wave Rectifier and F for Full Wave Rectification from the 'Rectification' drop down box at the top of this spreadsheet ENTER LinkSwitch-TN VARIABLES LinkSwitch-TN Chosen Device ILIMITMIN ILIMITMAX LNK302 User selection for LinkSwitch-TN. Ordering info - Suffix P/G indicates DIP 8 package; suffix D indicates SO8 package; second suffix N indicates lead free RoHS compliance LNK302 LNK302 0.126 0.146 Amps Amps 62000 Hertz 984.312 A^2Hz VOR 80 Volts VDS 10 Volts fSmin I^2fmin Page 49 of 97 Minimum Current Limit Maximum Current Limit Minimum Device Switching Frequency I^2f (product of current limit squared and frequency is trimmed for tighter tolerance) Reflected Output Voltage LinkSwitch-TN on-state Drain to Source Voltage Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 VD 0.7 KP 4.72 Volts Output Winding Diode Forward Voltage Drop Ripple to Peak Current Ratio (0.6 < KP < 6.0). ENTER TRANSFORMER CORE/CONSTRUCTION VARIABLES Core Type EE10 EE10 Core EE10 Bobbin EE10_BOBBIN P/N: P/N: AE 0.121 cm^2 LE 2.61 cm AL 850 nH/T^2 BW 6.6 mm 0 mm 3 26 N/A N/A N/A Volts Volts User-Selected transformer core PC40EE10-Z EE10_BOBBIN Core Effective Cross Sectional Area Core Effective Path Length Ungapped Core Effective Inductance Bobbin Physical Winding Width Safety Margin Width (Half the Primary to Secondary Creepage Distance) Number of Primary Layers Number of Secondary Turns Bias winding not used Bias winding not used N/A - Bias Winding not in use 120 396 Volts Volts Minimum DC Input Voltage Maximum DC Input Voltage 0.13 0.01 0.13 0.13 0.03 Amps Amps Amps Amps Maximum Duty Cycle Average Primary Current Minimum Peak Primary Current Primary Ripple Current Primary RMS Current 1879 uHenries LP_TOLERANCE 10 % NP 156 ALG 77 nH/T^2 BM 1449 Gauss BAC 725 Gauss ur 1459 LG BWE 0.18 19.8 mm mm OD 0.13 mm INS 0.03 mm DIA 0.10 mm AWG 39 AWG CM 13 Cmils CMA 467 Cmils/Amp TRANSFORMER SECONDARY DESIGN PARAMETERS Lumped parameters ISP ISRMS IRIPPLE 0.76 0.19 0.18 Amps Amps Amps M L 3.00 NS NB VB PIVB DC INPUT VOLTAGE PARAMETERS VMIN VMAX CURRENT WAVEFORM SHAPE PARAMETERS DMAX IAVG IP IR IRMS TRANSFORMER PRIMARY DESIGN PARAMETERS LP Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Typical Primary Inductance. +/10% Primary inductance tolerance Primary Winding Number of Turns Gapped Core Effective Inductance Maximum Operating Flux Density, BM<1500 is recommended AC Flux Density for Core Loss Curves (0.5 X Peak to Peak) Relative Permeability of Ungapped Core Gap Length (Lg > 0.1 mm) Effective Bobbin Width Maximum Primary Wire Diameter including insulation Estimated Total Insulation Thickness (= 2 * film thickness) Bare conductor diameter Primary Wire Gauge (Rounded to next smaller standard AWG value) Bare conductor effective area in circular mils Primary Winding Current Capacity (150 < CMA < 500) Peak Secondary Current Secondary RMS Current Output Capacitor RMS Ripple Page 50 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply CMS 38 Cmils AWGS 34 AWG DIAS 0.16 mm ODS 0.25 mm INSS 0.05 mm VDRAIN 584 Volts PIVS 78 Volts Current Secondary Bare Conductor minimum circular mils Secondary Wire Gauge (Rounded up to next larger standard AWG value) Secondary Minimum Bare Conductor Diameter Secondary Maximum Outside Diameter for Triple Insulated Wire Maximum Secondary Insulation Wall Thickness VOLTAGE STRESS PARAMETERS Maximum Drain Voltage Estimate (Includes Effect of Leakage Inductance) Output Rectifier Maximum Peak Inverse Voltage FEEDBACK COMPONENTS Recommended Bias Diode 1N4003 - 1N4007 R1 500 - 1000 ohms R2 200 - 820 ohms Recommended diode is 1N4003. Place diode on return leg of bias winding for optimal EMI. See LinkSwitch-TN Design Guide CV bias resistor for CV/CC circuit. See LinkSwitch-TN Design Guide Resistor to set CC linearity for CV/CC circuit. See LinkSwitchTN Design Guide TRANSFORMER SECONDARY DESIGN PARAMETERS (MULTIPLE OUTPUTS) 1st output VO1 12.60 Volts IO1 PO1 0.05 0.63 Amps Watts VD1 0.70 Volts NS1 ISRMS1 26.00 0.19 Amps IRIPPLE1 0.18 Amps 78.43 Volts PIVS1 Recommended Diodes Pre-Load Resistor MUR110, UF4002, SB1100 4 k-Ohms CMS1 38.28 Cmils AWGS1 34.00 AWG DIAS1 0.16 mm ODS1 0.25 mm 2nd output VO2 IO2 PO2 0.00 Volts Amps Watts VD2 0.70 Volts NS2 ISRMS2 IRIPPLE2 1.37 0.00 0.00 Amps Amps Page 51 of 97 Main Output Voltage (if unused, defaults to single output design) Output DC Current Output Power Output Diode Forward Voltage Drop Output Winding Number of Turns Output Winding RMS Current Output Capacitor RMS Ripple Current Output Rectifier Maximum Peak Inverse Voltage Recommended Diodes for this output Recommended value of pre-load resistor Output Winding Bare Conductor minimum circular mils Wire Gauge (Rounded up to next larger standard AWG value) Minimum Bare Conductor Diameter Maximum Outside Diameter for Triple Insulated Wire Output Voltage Output DC Current Output Power Output Diode Forward Voltage Drop Output Winding Number of Turns Output Winding RMS Current Output Capacitor RMS Ripple Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply PIVS2 19-Nov-13 3.46 Volts CMS2 0.00 Cmils AWGS2 N/A AWG DIAS2 N/A mm ODS2 N/A mm 3rd output VO3 IO3 PO3 0.00 Volts Amps Watts VD3 0.70 Volts NS3 ISRMS3 1.37 0.00 Amps IRIPPLE3 0.00 Amps PIVS3 3.46 Volts CMS3 0.00 Cmils AWGS3 N/A AWG DIAS3 N/A mm Recommended Diode Recommended Diode ODS3 N/A mm Total power 0.63 Watts Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Current Output Rectifier Maximum Peak Inverse Voltage Recommended Diodes for this output Output Winding Bare Conductor minimum circular mils Wire Gauge (Rounded up to next larger standard AWG value) Minimum Bare Conductor Diameter Maximum Outside Diameter for Triple Insulated Wire Output Voltage Output DC Current Output Power Output Diode Forward Voltage Drop Output Winding Number of Turns Output Winding RMS Current Output Capacitor RMS Ripple Current Output Rectifier Maximum Peak Inverse Voltage Recommended Diodes for this output Output Winding Bare Conductor minimum circular mils Wire Gauge (Rounded up to next larger standard AWG value) Minimum Bare Conductor Diameter Maximum Outside Diameter for Triple Insulated Wire Total Output Power Page 52 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 11 Power Factor Controller Design Spreadsheet ACDC_PFS_041411; Rev.1.1; Copyright Power Integrations 2011 Enter Applications Variables Input Voltage Range VACMIN VACMAX VBROWNIN VBROWNOUT VO PO fL TA Max INPUT OUTPUT 50.00 Universal 90 265 77.77 70.42 380.00 157.00 50 50 n 0.950 0.95 KP 0.445 0.445 18.00 361 20 18 VO_MIN VO_RIPPLE_MAX tHOLDUP Universal INFO 380.00 157.00 UNITS V V V V W Hz deg C V V ms VHOLDUP_MIN 310 V I_INRUSH 40 A Forced Air Cooling no no Auto PFS708 5.50 5.85 6.20 0.73 4.00 1.00 100.00 10.00 A A A ohms Mohms uF nF nF FS_PK 72.7 kHz FS_AVG 59.2 kHz IP PFS_IRMS PCOND_LOSS_PFS PSW_LOSS_PFS PFS_TOTAL 3.34 1.74 2.21 1.07 3.28 A A W W W TJ Max 100 deg C Rth-JS 3.00 degC/W HEATSINK Theta-CA 12.25 degC/W LPFC 705 uH LPFC (0 Bias) 1820 uH PFS Parameters PFS Part Number IOCP min IOCP typ IOCP max RDSON RV C_VCC C_V C_FB ACDC_HiperPFS_041411_Rev11.xls; Continuous Mode Boost Converter Design Spreadsheet Select Universal or High_Line option Minimum AC input voltage Maximum AC input voltage Expected Minimum Brown-in Voltage Specify brownout voltage. Nominal Output voltage Nominal Output power Line frequency Maximum ambient temperature Enter the efficiency estimate for the boost converter at VACMIN Ripple to peak inductor current ratio at the peak of VACMIN Minimum Output voltage Maximum Output voltage ripple Holdup time Minimum Voltage Output can drop to during holdup Maximum allowable inrush current Enter "Yes" for Forced air cooling. Otherwise enter "No" Selected PFS device Minimum Current limit Typical current limit Maximum current limit Typical RDSon at 100 'C Line sense resistor Supply decoupling capacitor V pin decoupling capacitor Feedback pin decoupling capacitor Estimated frequency of operation at crest of input voltage (at VACMIN) Estimated average frequency of operation over line cycle (at VACMIN) MOSFET peak current PFS MOSFET RMS current Estimated PFS conduction losses Estimated PFS switching losses Total Estimated PFS losses Maximum steady-state junction temperature Maximum thermal resistance (Junction to heatsink) Maximum thermal resistance of heatsink Basic Inductor Calculation Page 53 of 97 Value of PFC inductor at peak of VACMIN and Full Load Value of PFC inductor at No load. This is the value measured with LCR meter Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply LPFC_RMS LP_TOL Inductor Construction Parameters Core Type Sendust 19-Nov-13 2.07 A 10 % 6.38 A/mm^2 BM_TARGET N/A Gauss BM 2892 Gauss BP 1793 Gauss LPFC_CORE_LOSS LPFC_COPPER_LOSS LPFC_TOTAL LOSS Critical Parameters IRMS IO_AVG Output Diode (DO) Part Number 1.33 1.39 2.73 W W W Enter "Sendust", "Pow Iron" or "Ferrite" Select from 60u, 75u, 90u or 125 u for Sendust cores. Fixed at PC44 or equivalent for Ferrite cores. Fixed at 52 material for Pow Iron cores. Select from Toroid or EE for Sendust cores and from EE, or PQ for Ferrite cores Core part number Core cross sectional area Core mean path length Core AL value Core volume Core height/Height of window Mean length per turn Bobbin width Inductor turns Gap length (Ferrite cores only) Inductor RMS current Select between "Litz" or "Regular" for double coated magnet wire !!! Info. Selected wire gauge is too thick and may cause increased proximity losses. Selecta thinner wire gauge Inductor wire number of parallel strands Outer diameter of single strand of wire Ratio of AC resistance to the DC resistance (using Dowell curves) !!! Warning Current density is too high and may cause heating in the inductor wire. Reduce J Target flux density at VACMIN (Ferrite cores only) Maximum operating flux density Peak Flux density (Estimated at VBROWNOUT) Estimated Inductor core Loss Estimated Inductor copper losses Total estimated Inductor Losses 1.84 0.41 A A AC input RMS current Output average current V A ns V W PFC Diode Part Number Diode Type - Special - Diodes specially catered for PFC applications, SiC Silicon Carbide type, UF - Ultrafast recovery type Diode Manufacturer Diode rated reverse voltage Diode rated forward current Diode Reverse recovery time Diode rated forward voltage drop Estimated Diode conduction losses Core Material Core Geometry Core AE LE AL VE HT MLT BW NL LG ILRMS Wire type Sendust Inductor RMS current (calculated at VACMIN and Full Load) Tolerance of PFC Inductor Value 90u 90u TOROID TOROID 77934(OD=27.7) 77934(OD=27.7) 65.4 63.5 116 4150 11.94 41 N/A 125 N/A 2.07 regular AWG 22 Filar 1 mm A regular Info 22 AWG 1 OD 0.643 AC Resistance Ratio 3.42 J mm^2 mm nH/t^2 mm^3 mm cm mm Warning LQA05TC600 Type mm LQA05TC600 SPECIAL Manufacturer VRRM IF TRR VF PCOND_DIODE Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Qspeed 600 5 24 1.1 0.45 Page 54 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply PSW_DIODE P_DIODE 0.71 1.16 W W TJ Max 125 deg C Rth-JS 2.90 degC/W HEATSINK Theta-CA 61.21 degC/W 120.00 uF VO_RIPPLE_EXPECTED 11.5 V T_HOLDUP_EXPECTED 18.5 ms ESR_LF ESR_HF IC_RMS_LF 1.38 0.553 0.29 ohms ohms A IC_RMS_HF 0.83 A CO_LF_LOSS 0.12 W CO_HF_LOSS 0.38 W Total CO LOSS 0.50 W Input Bridge (BR1) and Fuse (F1) I^2t Rating Fuse Current rating VF IAVG PIV_INPUT BRIDGE 8.43 2.85 0.90 1.77 375 A^2s A V A V PCOND_LOSS_BRIDGE 2.98 W CIN 0.47 uF 8.54 1N5407 ohms R2 1.50 Mohms R3 1.54 Mohms R4 698.00 kohms C2 100.00 nF R5 2.20 kohms R6 2.20 kohms R7 57.60 kohms C3 470.00 pF R8 160.00 kohms R9 2.21 kohms R10 10.00 kohms C4 10.00 uF Output Capacitor CO RT D_Precharge Feedback Components Page 55 of 97 120 Estimated Diode switching losses Total estimated Diode losses Maximum steady-state operating temperature Maximum thermal resistance (Junction to heatsink) Maximum thermal resistance of heatsink Minimum value of Output capacitance Expected ripple voltage on Output with selected Output capacitor Expected holdup time with selected Output capacitor Low Frequency Capacitor RMS current High Frequency Capacitor RMS current Estimated Low Frequency ESR loss in Output capacitor Estimated High frequency ESR loss in Output capacitor Total estimated losses in Output Capacitor Minimum I^2t rating for fuse Minimum Current rating of fuse Input bridge Diode forward Diode drop Input average current at 70 VAC. Peak inverse voltage of input bridge Estimated Bridge Diode conduction loss Input capacitor. Use metallized polypropylene or film foil type with high ripple current rating Input Thermistor value Recommended precharge Diode Feedback network, first high voltage divider resistor Feedback network, second high voltage divider resistor Feedback network, third high voltage divider resistor Feedback network, loop speedup capacitor Feedback component, NPN transistor bias resistor Feedback component, PNP transistor bias resistor Feedback network, lower divider resistor Feedback component- noise suppression capacitor Feedback network - pole setting resistor Feedback network - zero setting resistor Feedback pin filter resistor Feedback network - compensation capacitor Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 D3 1N4148 D4 1N4001 Q1 2N4401 Q2 2N4403 Feedback network reverse blocking Diode Feedback network - capacitor failure detection Diode Feedback network - speedup circuit NPN transistor Feedback network - speedup circuit PNP transistor Loss Budget (Estimated at VACMIN) PFS Losses Boost diode Losses 3.28 1.16 W W Input Bridge losses 2.98 W Inductor losses 2.73 W Output Capacitor Loss 0.50 W Total losses 10.65 W Efficiency 0.94 Total estimated losses in PFS Total estimated losses in Output Diode Total estimated losses in input bridge module Total estimated losses in PFC choke Total estimated losses in Output capacitor Overall loss estimate Estimated efficiency at VACMIN. Verify efficiency at other line voltages Note: There is a warning in the spreadsheet for current density in PFC choke. Whenever such a warning is issued, thermal performance of the PFC choke should be checked while operating continuously at the lowest input voltage. In this design, it was found that the temperature rise of the choke was within acceptable limits when operating continuously at 90 VAC and full load (see page 80 and Figure 52). Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 56 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 12 Performance Data All measurements were taken at room temperature and 60 Hz input frequency unless otherwise specified, Output voltage measurements were taken at the output connectors. 12.1 LLC Stage Efficiency To make this measurement, the LLC stage was supplied by connecting an external 380 VDC supply across bulk capacitor C23. The efficiency includes the losses from the bias supply. 97 96 95 Efficiency (%) 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Output Power (W) Figure 15 – LLC Stage Efficiency vs. Load, 380 VDC Input. Page 57 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 160 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 12.2 Total Efficiency Figures below show the total supply efficiency (PFC and LLC stages). AC input was supplied using a sine wave source. 96 100% Load 50% Load 20% Load 10% Load 94 Efficiency (%) 92 90 88 86 84 82 80 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 AC Input Voltage Figure 16 – Total Efficiency vs. Output Power. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 58 of 97 19-Nov-13 12.3 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply No-Load Power 0.83 No-Load Power 0.82 Input Power (W) 0.81 0.8 0.79 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.75 0.74 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 AC Input Voltage Figure 17 – No-Load Input Power. Page 59 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 280 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 12.4 Power Factor Power factor measurements were made using a sine wave AC source. 1.2 100% Load 50% Load 1.1 Power Factor 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 AC Input Voltage Figure 18 – Power Factor vs. Input Voltage, 50% and 100% Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 60 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 12.5 THD THD measurements were taken a 100% and 50% load using a sine wave source and a Yokogawa WT210 power analyzer with harmonic measurement option. 80 100% Load 50% Load 70 60 THD (%) 50 40 30 20 10 0 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 AC Input Voltage Figure 19 – THD vs. Input Voltage, 50% and 100% Load. Page 61 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 280 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 12.6 Output Regulation The PFC regulates the LLC and standby supply input voltage under normal conditions so the outputs will not be affected by the AC input voltage. Variations due to temperature and component tolerances are not represented. The 48 V output varies by less than 1% over a load range of 10% to 100% load. 12.6.1 Output Line Regulation 103 100% Load 50% Load 102 20% Load Line Regulation (%) 101 10% Load 0% Load 100 99 98 97 96 95 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 AC Input Votage Figure 20 – Output Voltage vs. Input Line Voltage (Line Regulation). Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 62 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 12.6.2 Output Load Regulation 103 90 VAC 115 VAC 102 132 VAC 150 VAC Load Regulation (%) 101 180 VAC 230 VAC 100 265 VAC 99 98 97 96 95 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Load Current (A) Figure 21 – Output Voltage vs. Output Load Current (Load Regulation). Page 63 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 3.5 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 13 Input Current Harmonics vs. EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits 35% Harmonics Class C Limits Harmonic Content and EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits (%) 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 Harmonic Order (115 V) Figure 22 – AC Input Harmonics vs. EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits, 115 VAC, 60 Hz, 100% Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 64 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 35% Harmonics Class C Limits Harmonic Content and EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits (%) 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 Harmonic Content (230 V) Figure 23 – AC Input Harmonics vs. EN 61000-3-2 Class C Limits, 230 VAC, 60 Hz, 100% Load. Page 65 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 14 Waveforms 14.1 Input Voltage and Current Figure 24 – 115 VAC, 150 W Load. Upper: Input Current, 2 A / div. Lower: Input Voltage, 100 V, 5 ms / div. Figure 25 – 230 VAC, 150 W Load. Upper: Input Current, 2 A / div. Lower: Input Voltage, 200 V, 5 ms / div. 14.2 LLC Primary Voltage and Current The LLC stage current was measured by adding a current sensing loop between C30 and B- that measures the LLC transformer (T3) primary current. The primary voltage waveform was measured at test point TP1. Figure 26 – LLC Stage Primary Voltage and Current. Upper: Current, 1 A / div. Lower: Voltage, 200 V, 1 s / div. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 66 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.3 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply PFC Switch Voltage and Current - Normal Operation Figure 27 – PFC Stage Drain Voltage and Current, Full Load, 115 VAC Upper: Drain Current, 1 A / div. Lower: Drain Voltage, 200 V, 2 ms / div. Figure 28 – PFC Stage Drain Voltage and Current, Full Load, 115 VAC. Upper: Drain Current, 1 A / div. Lower: Drain Voltage, 200 V, 10 s / div. Figure 29 – PFC Stage Drain Voltage and Current, Full Load, 230 VAC. Upper: Drain Current, 1 A / div. Lower: Drain Voltage, 200 V, 2 ms / div. Figure 30 – PFC Stage Drain Voltage and Current, Full Load, 230 VAC. Upper: Drain Current, 1 A / div. Lower: Drain Voltage, 200 V, 10 s / div. Page 67 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 14.4 AC Input Current and PFC Output Voltage During Start-up Figure 31 – AC Input Current vs. PFC Output Voltage at Start-up, Full Load, 115 VAC. Upper: AC Input Current, 2 A / div. Lower: PFC Voltage, 200 V, 20 ms / div 14.5 19-Nov-13 Figure 32 – AC Input Current vs. PFC Output Voltage at Start-up, Full Load, 230 VAC. Upper: AC Input Current, 2 A / div. Lower: PFC Voltage, 200 V, 20 ms / div. Bias Supply Drain Waveforms Figure 33 – Bias Supply LNK302 Drain Voltage, 100 V, 50 s / div. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Figure 34 – Bias Supply LNK302 Drain Voltage, 100 V, 2 s / div. Page 68 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.6 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply LLC Start-up Figure 35 – LLC Start-up. 115 VAC, 100% Load. Upper: LLC Primary Current, 1 A / div. Lower: LLC Output Voltage, 20 V, 10 ms / div. 14.7 Figure 36 – LLC Start-up. 115 VAC, 0% Load. Upper: LLC Primary Current, 1 A / div. Lower: LLC Output Voltage, 20 V, 10 ms / div. LLC Brown-Out Figure 37 – LLC Brown-out. Upper: Primary Current, 2 A / div. Middle: Output Voltage, 20 V / div. Lower: B+ Voltage, 200 V, 1 ms / div Page 69 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 14.8 LLC Output Short-Circuit The figure below shows the effect of an output short circuit on the LLC primary current. A mercury displacement relay was used to short the output to get a fast, bounce-free connection. Figure 38 – Output Short Circuit Test. Upper: LLC Primary Current, 2 A / div. Lower: 48 V Output, 20 V, 10 s / div. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 70 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.9 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Output Ripple Measurements 14.9.1 Ripple Measurement Technique For DC output ripple measurements, use a modified oscilloscope test probe to reduce spurious signals. Details of the probe modification are provided in figures below. Tie two capacitors in parallel across the probe tip of the 4987BA probe adapter. Use a 0.1 F / 50 V ceramic capacitor and 1.0 F / 100 V aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The aluminum-electrolytic capacitor is polarized, so always maintain proper polarity across DC outputs. Probe Ground Probe Tip Figure 39 – Oscilloscope Probe Prepared for Ripple Measurement (End Cap and Ground Lead Removed). Figure 40 – Oscilloscope Probe with Probe Master 4987BA BNC Adapter (Modified with Wires for Probe Ground for Ripple measurement and Two Parallel Decoupling Capacitors Added). Page 71 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 14.9.2 Full Load Output Ripple Results Figure 41 – 48 V Output Ripple, 100 mV, 2 ms / div. Figure 42 – 48 V Output Ripple, 100 mV, 1 s / div. 14.9.3 No-Load Ripple Results Figure 43 – 48 V No-Load Output Ripple, 200 mV, 10 ms / div. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 72 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 14.10 Output Load Step Response The figures below show transient response with a 75%-100%-75% load step for the 48 V output. The oscilloscope was triggered using the rising edge of the load step, and averaging was used to cancel out ripple components asynchronous to the load step in order to better ascertain the load step response. Figure 44 – Output Transient Response 3.13 A – 2.3 A – 3.13 A Load Step. Upper: Output Load Step, 1 A / div. Lower: 48 V Transient Response, 100 mV /,1 ms / div. Page 73 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 14.10.1 100% to 0% Load Step Figure 45 shows the response of the supply to a 100% to 0% load step. The LLC supply enters burst mode to maintain regulation. Figure 45 – Output Transient Response 3.13 A – 0 A Load Step. 500 mV, 10 ms / div. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 74 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.10.2 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 0% to 100% Load Step Figure 46 – Output Transient Response 0 A – 3.13 A Load Step. 1 V, 5 ms / div. Page 75 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 14.10.3 Temperature Profiles The board was operated at room temperature in a vertical orientation as shown below. For each test condition the unit was allowed to thermally stabilize (>1 hr) before measurements were made. Input bridge rectifier PFC inductor HiperPFS IC HiperLCS IC PFC stage boost diode LLC transformer LLC output rectifier Figure 47 – Photograph of Board Used for Thermal Testing. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 76 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 14.11 Thermal Results Summary 14.11.1 Testing Conditions Thermal Measurement data is presented below. The unit was allowed to thermally stabilize (>1 hour in all cases) before gathering data. 14.11.2 90 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Output Figure 48 – Overall Thermal Profile, Room Temperature, 90 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Load (1 hr). Page 77 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 49 – Input Common Mode Choke Temperature, 90 VAC, Full load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com 19-Nov-13 Figure 50 – Diode Bridge Case Temperature, 90 VAC, Full load. Page 78 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 51 – PFC Choke Temperature, 90 VAC, Full Load. Figure 52 – PFS IC Case Temperature, 90 VAC, Full Load. Figure 53 – PFC Output Rectifier Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 54 – LCS IC Case Temperature, 90 VAC, Full Load. Page 79 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 55 – LLC Transformer Hot Spot Temperature, 90 VAC, Full Load. 19-Nov-13 Figure 56 – LLC Transformer Hot Spot Temperature, 90 VAC, Full Load. Figure 57 – LLC Output Diode CaseTemperature, 90 VAC, Full Load (Viewed from Above). Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 80 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.11.3 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 115 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Output Figure 58 – Overall Thermal Profile. Room Temperature, 115 VAC, 60 Hz, 150 W Load (1 hr). Figure 59 – Input Common Mode Choke Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Page 81 of 97 Figure 60 – Diode Bridge Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Figure 61 – PFS IC CaseTemperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 62 – PFC Choke Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 82 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 63 – PFC Output Rectifier Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 64 – LCS IC Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 65 – LLC Transformer Secondary Side Hot Spot Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 66 – LLC Transformer Primary Side Hot Spot Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Page 83 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Figure 67 – LLC Output Rectifier Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load (Viewed from Above). Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 84 of 97 19-Nov-13 14.11.4 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 230 VAC, 150 W, Room Temperature Figure 68 – Overall Temperature Profile, 230 VAC, Full Load. Figure 69 – Input Common Mode FilterTemperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Page 85 of 97 Figure 70 – Bridge Rectifier Case Temperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Figure 71 – PFC ChokeTemperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Figure 72 – PFS IC Case Temperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Figure 73 – PFC Output Rectifier Case Temperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Figure 74 – Hiper LCS CaseTemperature, 115 VAC, Full Load. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 86 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 75 – LLC Output Transformer Secondary Side Hot Spot Temperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Figure 76 – LLC Output Transformer Primary Side Hot Spot Temperature, 230 VAC, Full Load. Figure 77 – LLC Output Rectifier Case Temperature, 230 VAC, Full Load (Viewed from Above). Page 87 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 15 Conducted EMI 15.1 EMI Set-up 15.1.1 Power Supply Preparation for EMI Test The picture below shows the power supply set-up for EMI and surge testing. The supply is attached to a ground plane approximately the size of the power supply A piece of single-sided copper clad printed circuit material was used in this case, but a piece of aluminum sheet would also work. The supply is attached to the ground plane in two places using ¼” 4-40 screws. Attachments points are the metal spacers marked as MH1 and MH2 on the top silk screen. An IEC AC connector was hard-wired to the power supply AC input, with the safety ground connected to the ground plane. A Fair-Rite 2643250302 ferrite bead was placed over the safety ground connection, and can be seen in the illustration below. This bead gives additional margin at ~20 MHz. Figure 78 – RD-292 Set-up for EMI and Surge Testing. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 88 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 15.1.2 EMI Test Set-up Figure 79 – EMI Room Set-up. Conducted EMI tests were performed with a 16 resistive load on the 48 V main output. The unit was attached to a metallic ground plane, which in turn was hard wired to the AC cord ground. The resistive load was left floating. Page 89 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 Figure 80 – Conducted EMI, 115 VAC. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 90 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Figure 81 – Conducted EMI, 230 VAC. Page 91 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 16 Gain-Phase Measurement Figure 83 – RD-292 LLC Gain-Phase Measurement, Full Load Gain Crossover Frequency – 7.06 kHz, Phase Margin, 57.8º. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Page 92 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 17 Input Surge Testing 17.1 Surge Test Set-up The set-up for surge testing identical to that of EMI testing, with the UUT mounted on a ground plane as shown below, with a 16 floating resistive load. An LED in series with a 680 resistor and a 39 V, 1 W Zener diode was used to monitor the output, in order to detect dropouts/loss of function. The Zener diode provides extra sensitivity for dropout testing, as the LED will shut off in response to a partial loss of output voltage. The UUT was tested using a Key Tek EMC Pro Plus surge tester. The power supply was configured on a ground plane as shown in Figure 84, with a floating 16 resistive load. Results of common mode and differential mode surge testing are shown below. A test failure was defined as a non-recoverable output interruption requiring supply repair or recycling AC input voltage. Figure 82 – RD-292 Set-up for Surge Testing. Page 93 of 97 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 17.2 19-Nov-13 Differential Mode Surge, 1.2 / 50 sec AC Input Voltage (VAC) 115 115 115 115 115 115 Surge Voltage (kV) +2 -2 +2 -2 +2 -2 Phase Angle (º) 90 90 270 270 0 0 Generator Impedance () 2 2 2 2 2 2 AC Input Voltage (VAC) 230 230 230 230 230 230 Surge Voltage (kV) +2 -2 +2 -2 +2 -2 Phase Angle (º) 90 90 270 270 0 0 Generator Impedance () 2 2 2 2 2 2 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Number of Strikes Test Result 10 10 10 10 10 10 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS Number of Strikes Test Result 10 10 10 10 10 10 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS Page 94 of 97 19-Nov-13 17.3 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply Common Mode Surge, 1.2 / 50 sec AC Input Voltage (VAC) 115 115 115 115 115 115 Surge Voltage (kV) +4 -4 +4 -4 +4 -4 Phase Angle (º) 90 90 270 270 0 0 Generator Impedance () 12 12 12 12 12 12 AC Input Voltage (VAC) 230 230 230 230 230 230 Surge Voltage (kV) +4 -4 +4 -4 +4 -4 Phase Angle (º) 90 90 270 270 0 0 Generator Impedance () 12 12 12 12 12 12 Page 95 of 97 Number of Strikes Test Result 10 10 10 10 10 10 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS Number of Strikes Test Result 10 10 10 10 10 10 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply 19-Nov-13 18 Revision History Date 01-Mar-12 19-Nov-13 Author RH KM Revision 6.0 6.1 Description and Changes Initial Release. Updated Mfg Part Number for Q1 & Q3. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com Reviewed Apps & Mktg Apps & Mktg Page 96 of 97 19-Nov-13 RDR-292, 150 W Street Light Power Supply For the latest updates, visit our website: www.powerint.com Power Integrations reserves the right to make changes to its products at any time to improve reliability or manufacturability. Power Integrations does not assume any liability arising from the use of any device or circuit described herein. POWER INTEGRATIONS MAKES NO WARRANTY HEREIN AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. PATENT INFORMATION The products and applications illustrated herein (including transformer construction and circuits’ external to the products) may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents, or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at www.powerint.com. Power Integrations grants its customers a license under certain patent rights as set forth at http://www.powerint.com/ip.htm. The PI Logo, TOPSwitch, TinySwitch, LinkSwitch, DPA-Switch, PeakSwitch, CAPZero, SENZero, LinkZero, HiperPFS, HiperTFS, HiperLCS, Qspeed, EcoSmart, Clampless, E-Shield, Filterfuse, StackFET, PI Expert and PI FACTS are trademarks of Power Integrations, Inc. Other trademarks are property of their respective companies. ©Copyright 2012 Power Integrations, Inc. Power Integrations Worldwide Sales Support Locations WORLD HEADQUARTERS 5245 Hellyer Avenue San Jose, CA 95138, USA. Main: +1-408-414-9200 Customer Service: Phone: +1-408-414-9665 Fax: +1-408-414-9765 e-mail: [email protected] GERMANY Rueckertstrasse 3 D-80336, Munich Germany Phone: +49-89-5527-3911 Fax: +49-89-5527-3920 e-mail: [email protected] JAPAN Kosei Dai-3 Building 2-12-11, Shin-Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 222-0033 Japan Phone: +81-45-471-1021 Fax: +81-45-471-3717 e-mail: [email protected] TAIWAN 5F, No. 318, Nei Hu Rd., Sec. 1 Nei Hu District Taipei 114, Taiwan R.O.C. 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