AN10923 1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier for base station

AN10923
1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier for base station applications
using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Rev. 1 — 14 March 2011
Application note
Document information
Info
Content
Keywords
RF power transistor, Doherty architecture, LDMOS, Power amplifier,
W-CDMA, LTE, Base station, BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Abstract
This application note describes the design and performance of a power
amplifier for 1.5GHz 3GPP E-UTRA LTE base stations using two
BLF6G15L-250PBRN LDMOS power transistors in Doherty architecture
AN10923
NXP Semiconductors
1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Revision history
Rev
Date
Description
v.1
20110314
initial version
Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
AN10923
Application note
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Rev. 1 — 14 March 2011
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
1. Introduction
This application note describes the design and performance of a Doherty power amplifier
optimized for use in 1.5 GHz 3GPP E-UTRA LTE base stations applications. The amplifier
design, characteristics and the test methods used to determine the RF performance are
also described.
The amplifier uses two BLF6G15L-250PBRN LDMOS power transistors in a Doherty
architecture. The design ensures high efficiency while providing a peak power capability
very similar to two parallel Class AB amplifiers. The input and output sections are
internally matched, giving high gain with good gain flatness and phase linearity over a
wide frequency band.
The BLF6G15L-250PBRN transistor is a sixth generation device using NXP
Semiconductors’ advanced LDMOS process.
2. Circuit description
The 1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier employing two BLF6G15L-250PBRN power
transistors is shown in the photograph of Figure 1. The main amplifier is biased to operate
in Class-AB mode and the peak amplifier is biased to operate in Class-C mode. The input
signal is split by a 3 dB power divider and fed to each amplifier with a 90 degree phase
difference. The amplified signals are recombined at the output with a power combiner.
Both amplifiers operate when the input signal peaks, and each is presented with the load
impedance that enables maximum output power. If the input signal amplitude drops below
a preset threshold level, the Class-C peaking amplifier turns off and only the Class-AB
remains active. At these lower power levels the Class-AB main amplifier is presented with
higher load impedance that enables higher efficiency and gain. The result is an extremely
efficient solution for amplifying the complex modulation schemes employed in current and
emerging wireless systems.
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
019aab216
Fig 1.
Photograph of the BLF6G15L-250PBRN Doherty power amplifier
3. Design and Tuning
The two-way symmetrical Doherty amplifier comprising a main amplifier and a peak
amplifier, input phase splitter and power combiner was designed and optimized using the
following target specification:
• Frequency band 1476 MHz to 1511 MHz
• 2-carrier W-CDMA 3 GPP, 64 DPCH, PAR = 7.5 dB at 0.01% probability per carrier,
5 MHz carrier spacing
•
•
•
•
AN10923
Application note
Drain-source voltage (VDS) = 32 V
PL(3db) = 58 dBm
PL(AV) = 49 dBm
Linear gain = 15 dB
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
•
•
•
•
•
Gain ripple 0.5 dB
RLin 15 dB
ACPR at 5 MHz offset and PL(AV) = −30 dBc
Efficiency at PL(AV) = 36 %
PCB material RO4350 30 mils
The description of the design of the single stage (Class-AB) amplifier is given in
Section 3.1, and the description of the Doherty design is given in Section 3.2.
3.1 Design of the single stage amplifiers
The design began with calculation of the input and output requirements of a single stage
amplifier working in Class-AB matched to 50 Ω (main amplifier). Table 1 gives the typical
source and load impedances used in the matching circuit of the single stage amplifier.
The peak amplifier uses the same input and output matching design as the main amplifier.
The only difference between the two amplifiers is in the bias conditions. The main
amplifier is biased in Class-AB with IDq current of 1450 mA while the peak amplifier is
biased in Class-C with VGS of 0.4V.
Table 1.
Typical impedance per section
Frequency (GHz)
ZS (Ω)
ZL (Ω)
1.48
1.12 - j2.80
1.67 - j3.33
1.51
1.32 - j2.79
1.59 - j3.73
drain
ZL
gate
ZS
001aaf059
Fig 2.
Definition of transistor impedance
3.2 Doherty design
For Doherty operation, the output-matching network of the main amplifier should also
have the property of an impedance inverter. In order to achieve this a 50 Ω stripline is
added to the output matching circuit.
The peak amplifier in inactive mode has finite off-state impedance and will therefore
absorb power from the main amplifier. This loss is minimized by inserting a 50 Ω stripline
whose length is chosen for the maximum impedance at the combining point of the power
combiner when the peak amplifier is in off-state.
In order to get maximum output power from the Doherty amplifier it is necessary to
provide the correct input drive level and phase to the peak and main amplifiers. Because
the main and the peak amplifiers have similar gains, a symmetrical 3 dB, 90 degrees
phase difference hybrid coupler is used to split the signal at the input.
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
It is essential that the signals from the main and peak amplifiers arrive in phase at the
combining point of the power combiner. The phase difference introduced by the length of
impedance inverter stripline and the off-state maximum impedance stripline therefore
needs to be compensated for at the input. The phase difference caused by the different
classes of operation is very small and can be ignored.
The drain bias line is one of the strongest contributors to the memory effects by the
amplifiers. Making the bias line as short as possible will have a positive effect on the
memory performance. In order to further reduce the drain video impedance, two parallel
bias lines are placed symmetrically on both sides of every transistor.
3.3 Tuning
Adjusting the bias of the peak amplifier can further optimize the back-off efficiency of the
Doherty amplifier, however this will be at the cost of linearity. Another way to optimize
linearity is by adjusting the input phase shift while monitoring the AM-AM and AM-PM
characteristics. This however will be at the cost of peak power and peak efficiency.
3.4 Transistor biasing
There are two ways to bias the BLF6G15-250PBRN transistor. The first is standard bias
without using the sense FETs integrated in the package. In this case the sense FET leads
can be removed and the bias can be applied directly to the power transistor(s) (see
Section 5 “Appendix A: PCB layout and bill of materials (no auto bias)”. The second way
of biasing is by using the sense leads. An auto bias circuit is required to provide a fixed IDq
to the main RF FET. The FET is biased by a sense transistor mounted in the same
package which is used as a current mirror. Details of the circuit and layout are given in
Section 6 “Appendix B: PCB layout and bill of materials with auto bias”, Figure 12 and
Figure 13. The peak amplifier operates in Class-C and has a fixed gate-source voltage of
0.4 V.
4. Test results
4.1 Network analyzer frequency sweep
The network analyzer frequency sweep measurement results for the Doherty test board
are shown in Figure 3. The test conditions were as follows:
•
•
•
•
AN10923
Application note
PL= 49 dBm
VDS = 32 V
IDq (main) = 1450 mA
VGS = 0.4 V (peak amplifier)
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
019aaa257
19
Gp
(dB)
f = 1.476 GHz
f = 1.511 GHz
−4
IRL
(dB)
−8
17
(1)
(3)
−12
15
(2)
−16
13
11
1.45
1.47
1.49
−20
1.53
1.51
f (GHz)
(1) Power gain in band of operation: minimum 16.3 dB
(2) Input return loss in band of operation: maximum −14 dB
(3) Gain ripple in band of operation: maximum 0.3 dB
Fig 3.
Power gain and input return loss as functions of frequency
4.2 Large signal power sweeps
4.2.1 CW network analyzer power sweep (AM-AM and AM-PM)
The network analyzer measurement results for the test board are shown in Figure 4 and
Figure 5. The test conditions were as follows:
•
•
•
•
AN10923
Application note
VDS = 32 V
IDq (main) = 1450 mA
VGS = 0.4 V (peak amplifier)
Network analyzer sweep time = 27.1 ms
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
019aaa258
20
G
(dB)
(3)
18
(2)
(1)
16
PL(3dB)
14
12
43
47
51
55
59
PL (dBm)
(1) f = 1476 MHz; P3db minimum 58 dBm
(2) f = 1494 MHz; P3db minimum 58 dBm
(3) f = 1511 MHz; P3db minimum 58 dBm
Fig 4.
Network analyzer gain power sweep (AM-AM)
019aaa259
45
ϕ
(deg)
(1)
Δ1
25
(2)
Δ2
5
(3)
Δ3
−15
−35
43
47
51
55
59
PL (dBm)
(1) f = 1476 MHz; AM-PM compression at P3dB maximum 15 degrees
(2) f = 1494 MHz; AM-PM compression at P3dB maximum 15 degrees
(3) f = 1511 MHz; AM-PM compression at P3dB maximum 15 degrees
Fig 5.
Network analyzer phase power sweep (AM-PM)
4.2.2 2-tone W-CDMA
The 2-carrier W-CDMA (5 MHz spacing) measurement results for the test board are
shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. The test conditions were as follows:
• VDS = 32 V
• IDq (main) = 1450 mA
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
• VGS = 0.4 V (peak amplifier)
• 3 GPP, Test Model 1, 64 DPCH, PAR = 7.5 dB at 0.01% probability per carrier, 5 MHz
carrier spacing
019aaa260
20
G
(dB)
η
(%)
(1)
(2)
(3)
18
(6)
(5)
(4)
50
40
16
30
PL = 49 dBm
14
20
12
10
38
42
46
50
54
PL (dBm)
Efficiency at PL = 49 dBm minimum 36 %
Gain at PL = 49 dBm minimum 16 dB
(1) % efficiency at f = 1476 MHz
(2) % efficiency at f = 1494 MHz
(3) % efficiency at f = 1511 MHz
(4) dB gain at f = 1476 MHz
(5) dB gain at f = 1494 MHz
(6) dB gain at f = 1511 MHz
Fig 6.
AN10923
Application note
2-carrier W-CDMA power sweep: gain as a function of output power
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
019aaa261
−28
ACPR
(dBc)
−32
−36
(1)
(2)
(3)
−40
PL = 49 dBm
(4)
(5)
(6)
−44
38
42
46
50
54
PL (dBm)
ACPR at PL = 49 dBm minimum 34 dBc
(1) 5 MHz, ACPR Hi, dBc at 1476 MHz
(2) 5 MHz, ACPR Lo, dBc at 1476 MHz
(3) 5 MHz, ACPR Hi, dBc at 1494 MHz
(4) 5 MHz, ACPR Lo, dBc at 1494 MHz
(5) 5 MHz, ACPR Hi, dBc at 1511 MHz
(6) 5 MHz, ACPR Lo, dBc at 1511 MHz
Fig 7.
2-carrier W-CDMA power sweep: ACPR as a function of output power
4.3 Residual memory magnitude and phase surface plots large signal
power sweeps
The residual memory surface versus tone spacing and mean output power measurement
results for the test board are shown in Figure 8. and Figure 9. The test conditions were as
follows:
• VDS = 32 V
• IDq (main) = 1450 mA
• VGS = 0.4 V (peak amplifier)
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1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
40
−30
−40
residual IM3
(dBc) −50
50
−60
60
−70
−80
70
−90
−100
50
80
48
46
50
44
mean output power
(dBm)
40
42
30
40
38
10
36
20 modulation
f (MHz)
90
0
019aaa262
Up to 25 MHz residual magnitude IM3 remains below −40 dBc at 49 dBm
Fig 8.
Residual memory magnitude surface
500
400
300
400
residual IM3
phase
(°) 200
200
100
0
0
−200
−100
−400
50
−200
48
46
50
44
mean output power 42
(dBm)
40
−300
30
40
38
10
36
20 modulation
f (MHz)
0
019aaa263
Phase plot is smooth, indication of good predistortability
Fig 9.
AN10923
Application note
Residual memory phase surface
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5. Appendix A: PCB layout and bill of materials (no auto bias)
R3 R4
Q1
R5
R6
R2
L1
C2
C3
C8
C7
R1
C9
R7
C1
C6
R8
L2
R9
C5
C4
Q2
C10
C11
C12
R10
C13
C14 C15
R11
2 x BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Input Rev 1
RO4350 30mils
Q3
2 x BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Output Rev 1
RO4350 30mils
C18 C19
R12
C17
C16
Q4
C20
C21
C22
R14
R13
R16
C23
L4
R27
C30
C24
R15 C25
R17 R26
Q5
R18
C26
R20
L3
R19
R24
R21 R23 R22
C27
C32
C29
C28
C31
R25
019aaa280
Q6
Fig 10. Component layout for application circuit with no auto bias
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Table 2.
Parts list for application circuit (no auto bias)
Component
Value
Description
Manufacturer
C1, C2, C25, C26
100 nF
capacitor
Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L
C3, C24, C27, C28
1 μF
capacitor
Murata GRM31MR71H105KA88L
C4, C8, C12, C16,
C22, C31
10 μF; 50 V
capacitor
Murata GRM32ER71H106KA12L
C5, C6, C10, C11,
C13, C14, C17, C18,
C20, C21, C23, C29
27 pF
capacitor, ATC 100B
American Technical Ceramics
C7, C15, C19, C30
470 nF; 50 V
ceramic capacitor
C9, C32
470 μF; 63 V
electrolytic capacitor
Q1, Q6
Regulator
JRC 78L08
Q5
NPN transistor
PMBT2222
NXP Semiconductors
Q3
15 mm × 13 mm
3 dB hybrid XC1400P-03S
Anaren
Q2, Q4
LDMOS
BLF6G15L-250PBRN
NXP Semiconductors
L1, L2, L3, L4
26 mm × 5 mm
inductor
R1, R18
2 kΩ, 1%
resistor, 0805
R2, R19
200 Ω
potentiometer
R20
75 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R3, R4, R21, R23
430 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R15, R22
1.1 kΩ, 1%
resistor, 0805
R14
11 kΩ, 1%
resistor, 0805
R13
820 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R8
5.1 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R9, R10, R12, R16
10 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R5, R7, R24, R27
9.1 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R6, R25
499 Ω, 0.5W, 5%
resistor, 2010
R17
5.1 kΩ
resistor, 0805
R26
910 Ω
resistor, 0805
R11
50 Ω
50 Ω load
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6. Appendix B: PCB layout and bill of materials with auto bias
R3 R4
R5
Q1
R6
R2
L1
C2
C3
C6
C10
C7
C9
R1
C11
R7
C1
C8
R8
C5
R9
L2
VDS
L3
R16
VDS
C4
Q2
C12
C13
C14
C15
R10
C18 C19
C16
R11
C17
2 x BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Input Rev 1
RO4350 30mils
Q3
2 x BLF6G15L-250PBRN
Output Rev 1
C23 RO4350 30mils
C22
C21
C24 C25
R12
C20
Q4
C26
C27
C28
R13
C29
R15
C33
R14
C30
C31
C35
C32
C34
019aaa281
GND
VGS
VDS
GND
+Vln
autobias circuit
Fig 11. Component layout for application circuit with auto bias
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Table 3.
Parts list for application circuit (auto bias)
Component
Value
Description
Manufacturer
C1, C2
100 nF
capacitor
Murata GRM21BR71H104KA01L
C3
1 μF
capacitor
Murata GRM31MR71H105KA88L
C4, C10, C14, C20,
C28, C34
10 μF
capacitor
Murata GRM32ER71H106KA12L
C5, C6, C7, C8, C12, 27 pF
C13, C15, C16, C17,
C18, C21, C22, C23,
C24, C26, C27, C29,
C30, C31, C32
capacitor
C9, C19, C25, C33
470 nF; 50 V
ceramic capacitor
C11, C35
470 μF; 63 V
electrolytic capacitor
Q1
regulator
JRC 78L08
Q2, Q4
LDMOS
BLF6G15-250PBRN
NXP Semiconductors
Q3
15 mm × 13 mm
3 dB hybrid XC1400P-03S
Anaren
L1, L2, L3
26 mm × 5 mm
inductor
R1, R14
2 kΩ, 1%
resistor, 0805
R2
200 Ω
potentiometer
R3, R4
430 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R5, R7, R16
9.1 Ω
resistor, 0805
R6
499 Ω, 0.5 W, 5%
resistor, 2010
R8
5.1 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R9, R10, R12, R15
10 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
R11
50 Ω
50 Ω load
R13
820 Ω, 1%
resistor, 0805
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7. Appendix C: Component layout auto bias board
Vi = +13.5 V
R6
R4
C3
IC1
6 11 2
C2
R1
R5
9
7
3
4
R2
C4
R7
R8(1)
(2)
R3
C1
IC2
C6
R13
IC3
R10
C7(2)
C5
R14
C8(2)
R15
R9
R12(2)
RF FET
R11
820 Ω
4.7 μF
22 Ω
sense FET
2.2 kΩ
019aaa304
(1) R8 represents a batch of 1 to 9 resistors (a to j see Figure 13) which are used to set current.
(2) Not mounted.
The components within the bounding frame are to be mounted on the auto bias board; all other
components are to be mounted on the RF boards. Feed throughs are used to take the wires into
the screened housing.
Fig 12. Circuit diagram of auto bias board
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IC1
R1
(1)
R3
R2
R4
C3
C2
C1
R5
R6
R7
C4
R8a
R8b
R8c
R8d
R8e
R8f
R8g
R8h
R8j
IC2
(1)
R9
C5
R11
C8
R10
(1)
R12
C8
(1)
IC3
C7
R15
R13 R14
019aaa303
(1) Not mounted
Fig 13. Component layout of auto bias board
Table 4.
Parts list for auto bias board
Component
Application note
Description
Manufacturer
C1
1 nF
ceramic capacitor
C2
2.2 μF
electrolytic capacitor
C3
100 μF
electrolytic capacitor
C4
10 μF
electrolytic capacitor
C5
2.2 nF
ceramic capacitor
C6
100 nF
ceramic capacitor
IC1
-
LT3011
Linear Technology
IC2
-
LM4051
National Semiconductor
IC3
-
LM7341
National Semiconductor
R1, R6
1 MΩ
resistor, 0603
R2, R3[1]
100 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R4
4.7 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R5
47 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R7
4.7 Ω
resistor, 1206
R8
57 Ω
up to 9 off; resistor, 0603
R9
2.7 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R10
56 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R11, R12[1]
6.8 kΩ
resistor, 0603
R13, R14, R15
10 kΩ
resistor, 0603
[1]
AN10923
Value
Not mounted
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8. Abbreviations
Table 5.
AN10923
Application note
Abbreviations
Acronym
Description
ACPR
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio
CCDF
Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access
EDGE
Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
GSM
Global System for Mobile communication
IS-95
Interim Standard 95
LDMOS
Laterally Diffused Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
LDMOST
Laterally Diffused Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Transistor
PAR
Peak-to-Average power Ratio
RF
Radio Frequency
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
VSWR
Voltage Standing-Wave Ratio
W-CDMA
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
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9. Legal information
9.1
Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
9.2
Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and
therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
AN10923
Application note
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from national authorities.
Evaluation products — This product is provided on an “as is” and “with all
faults” basis for evaluation purposes only. NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates
and their suppliers expressly disclaim all warranties, whether express, implied
or statutory, including but not limited to the implied warranties of
non-infringement, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The
entire risk as to the quality, or arising out of the use or performance, of this
product remains with customer.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates or their suppliers be liable
to customer for any special, indirect, consequential, punitive or incidental
damages (including without limitation damages for loss of business, business
interruption, loss of use, loss of data or information, and the like) arising out
the use of or inability to use the product, whether or not based on tort
(including negligence), strict liability, breach of contract, breach of warranty or
any other theory, even if advised of the possibility of such damages.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever (including without limitation, all damages referenced above and
all direct or general damages), the entire liability of NXP Semiconductors, its
affiliates and their suppliers and customer’s exclusive remedy for all of the
foregoing shall be limited to actual damages incurred by customer based on
reasonable reliance up to the greater of the amount actually paid by customer
for the product or five dollars (US$5.00). The foregoing limitations, exclusions
and disclaimers shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by applicable
law, even if any remedy fails of its essential purpose.
9.3
Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 14 March 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
19 of 20
AN10923
NXP Semiconductors
1.5 GHz Doherty power amplifier using the BLF6G15L-250PBRN
10. Contents
1
2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.3
5
6
7
8
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
10
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Design and Tuning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Design of the single stage amplifiers . . . . . . . . 5
Doherty design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Tuning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Transistor biasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Test results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Network analyzer frequency sweep . . . . . . . . . 6
Large signal power sweeps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
CW network analyzer power sweep (AM-AM and
AM-PM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2-tone W-CDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Residual memory magnitude and phase surface
plots large signal power sweeps. . . . . . . . . . . 10
Appendix A: PCB layout and bill of materials
(no auto bias) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Appendix B: PCB layout and bill of materials
with auto bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Appendix C: Component layout auto bias
board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Trademarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP B.V. 2011.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 14 March 2011
Document identifier: AN10923