SG6901A CCM PFC/Flyback PWM Combination Controller Features Description Interleaved PFC/PWM Switching Innovative Switching Charge Multiplier Divider The highly integrated SG6901A is designed for power supplies with boost PFC and flyback PWM. It requires very few external components to achieve versatile protections. It is available in a 20-pin SOP package. Multi-vector Control for Improved PFC Output Transient Response A proprietary interleave-switching feature synchronizes the PFC and PWM stages and reduces switching noise. Average-Current-Mode Control for PFC PFC and PWM Feedback Open-Loop Protection For PFC stage, the proprietary multi-vector control scheme provides a fast transient response in a lowbandwidth PFC loop, in which the overshoot and undershoot of the PFC voltage are clamped. If the feedback loop is broken, the SG6901A shuts off PFC to prevent extra-high voltage on output. Low Startup and Operating Current Programmable Two-Level PFC Output Voltage Protections Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting for PFC/PWM Slope Compensation for PWM H/L Line Over-Power Compensation for PWM Brownout Protection Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) For the flyback PWM, the synchronized slope compensation ensures the stability of the current loop under continuous-conduction-mode operation. Built-in line-voltage compensation maintains constant outputpower limit. Hiccup operation during output overloading is also guaranteed. In addition, SG6901A provides protection functions, such as brownout and RI pin open/short protection. Applications Switching Power Supplies with Active PFC and Standby Power High-Power Adaptors Ordering Information Part Number Operating Temperature Range Eco Status -30°C to +85°C RoHS Package Packing Method 20-Lead, Small Outline Integrated SG6901ASZ Circuit (SOIC), JEDEC MS013, .300 inch, Wide Body Tape & Reel For Fairchild’s definition of “green” Eco Status, please visit: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/company/green/rohs_green.html. © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller February 2009 SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Application Circuit Figure 1. Typical Application © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Block Diagram Figure 2. Block Diagram © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 T- S=SOP P- Z=Lead Free Null=regular package XXXXXXXX- Wafer Lot Y: Year; WW: Week V: Assembly Location Figure 3. Top Mark Pin Configuration SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Marking Information Figure 4. Pin Configuration © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 4 Pin # Name Description 1 VRMS Line voltage detection. The pin is used for PFC multiplier, RANGE control of PFC output voltage, and brownout protection. For brownout protection, the controller is disabled after a delay time when the VRMS voltage drops below a threshold. 2 RI Reference setting. One resistor connected between RI and ground determines the switching frequency. The switching frequency is equal to [1560 / RI] KHz, where RI is in KΩ. For example, if RI is equal to 24KΩ, the switching frequency is 65KHz. 3 OTP Over-temperature protection. A constant current is output from this pin. An external NTC thermistor must be connected from this pin to ground. The impedance of the NTC thermistor decreases whenever the temperature increases. Once the voltage of the OTP pin drops below the OTP threshold, the SG6901A is disabled. 4 IEA PFC current amplifier output. The signal from this pin is compared with an internal sawtooth to determine the pulse width for PFC gate drive. 5 IPFC The inverting input of the PFC current amplifier. Proper external compensation circuits result in excellent input power factor via average-current-mode control. 6 IMP The non-inverting input of the PFC current amplifier and the output of multiplier. Proper external compensation circuits results in excellent input power factor via average-current-mode control. 7 ISENSE Current limit. A resistor from this pin to GND sets the current limit. 8 FBPWM The control input for voltage-loop feedback of PWM stage. It is internally pulled high through a 6.5kΩ resistance. Usually an external opto-coupler from secondary feedback circuit is connected to this pin. 9 IPWM The current-sense input for the flyback PWM. Via a current sense resistor, this pin provides the control input for peak-current-mode control and cycle-by-cycle current limiting. 10 AGND Signal ground. 11 SS Soft start. During startup, the SS pin charges an external capacitor with a 50µA (RI=24KΩ) constant current source. The voltage on FBPWM is clamped by SS during startup. In the event of a protection condition occurring and/or PWM being disabled, the SS pin is quickly discharged. 12 OPWM The totem-pole output drive for the flyback PWM MOSFET. This pin is internally clamped under 17V to protect the MOSFET. 13 GND Power ground. 14 OPFC The totem-pole output drive for the PFC MOSFET. This pin is internally clamped under 17V to protect the MOSFET. 15 VDD 16 RANGE 17 OVP 18 FBPFC The feedback input for PFC voltage loop. The inverting input of PFC error amplifier. This pin is connected to the PFC output through a divider network. 19 VEA The error amplifier output for PFC voltage feedback loop. A compensation network (usually a capacitor) is connected between this pin and ground. A large capacitor value results in a narrow bandwidth and improves the power factor. 20 IAC This input is used to provide current reference for the multiplier. SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Pin Definitions The power supply pin. The RANGE pin has high impedance whenever the VRMS voltage is lower than a threshold. The PFC output voltage at low line can be reduced to improve efficiency. The PFC stage over-voltage input. The comparator disables the PFC output driver if the voltage at this input exceeds a threshold. This pin can be connected to FBPFC or it can be connected to the PFC boost output through a divider network. © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit VDD DC Supply Voltage 25 V IAC Input AC Current 2 mA VHIGH OPWM, OPFC, IAC -0.3 25.0 V VLOW Others -0.3 7.0 V 1.15 W PD Power Dissipation at TA< 50℃ TJ Operating Junction Temperature -40 +125 °C TSTG Storage Temperature Range -55 +150 °C ӨJC Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case) +23.64 °C/W TL Lead Temperature (Soldering) +260 °C Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 4.5 KV Machine Model, JESD22-A115 250 V ESD Electrostatic Discharge Capability Notes: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltage, are given with respect to GND pin. 2. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Absolute Maximum Ratings Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol TA Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 Min. Max. Unit -30 +85 °C www.fairchildsemi.com 6 VDD=15V and TA=25°C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 20 V VDD SECTION VDD-OP Continuously Operating Voltage IDD-ST Startup Current 0V < VDD < VDD-ON 10 25 µA IDD-OP Operating Current VDD=15V; OPFC, OPWM Open; RI=24KΩ 6 10 mA VDD-ON Start Threshold Voltage 11 12 13 V VDD-OFF Minimum Operating Voltage 9 10 11 V VDD-OVP VDD OVP Threshold 23.5 24.5 25.5 V tD-VDDOVP Debounce Time of VDD OVP 25 µs 68 KHz 47.0 KΩ 8 OSCILLATOR SECTION fOSC RI PWM Frequency RI=24KΩ RI Pin Resistance Range 62 65 15.6 RI-OPEN RI Pin Open Protection If RI>RI-OPEN, SG6901A Turns Off RI-SHORT RI Pin Short Protection If RI<RI-SHORT, SG6901A Turns Off 200 KΩ 2 KΩ VRMS SECTION (for UVP and RANGE) VRMS-UVP-1 RMS AC Voltage Under-Voltage Protection Threshold (with tUVP delay) VRMS-UVP-2 Recovery Level on VRMS 0.75 0.80 VRMS-UVP1+ 0.16V UVP-1 + VRMS- 0.18V tUVP- 0.85 VRMS- UVP-1 + V SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Electrical Characteristics V 0.2V tD-PWM When UVP Occurs, Interval from PFC Off to PWM Off Min+9 tUVP Under-Voltage Protection Delay Time 150 195 240 ms VRMS-H High VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator 1.90 1.95 2.00 V VRMS-L Low VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator 1.55 1.60 1.65 V tRANGE Range-Enable Delay Time 140 170 200 ms tUVP- Min+14 ms VOL Output Low Voltage of RANGE Pin Io=1mA 0.5 V IOH Output High Leakage Current of RANGE Pin RANGE=5V 50 nA Continued on the following page… © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 7 VDD=15V and TA=25°C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 2.95 3.00 3.05 V PFC STAGE Voltage Error Amplifier VREF Reference Voltage Av Open-Loop Gain 60 dB Zo Output Impedance 110 KΩ OVPPFC 3.20 3.25 3.30 V PFC Feedback Voltage Protection Hysteresis 60 90 120 mV tOVP-PFC Debounce Time of PFC OVP 40 70 120 µs VFBPFC-H Clamp-High Feedback Voltage 3.10 3.15 3.20 V GFBPFC-H Clamp-High Gain VFBPFC-L Clamp-Low Feedback Voltage GFBPFC-L Clamp-Low Gain IFBPFC-L Maximum Source Current IFBPFC-H Maximum Sink Current △OVPPFC PFC Over-Voltage Protection (OVP Pin) UVPFBPFC PFC Feedback Under-Voltage Protection tUVP-FBPFC Debounce Time of PFC UVP 0.5 2.75 2.85 µA/mV 2.90 V 6.5 mA/mV 1.5 2.0 mA 70 110 µA 0.35 0.40 0.45 V 40 70 120 µs SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Electrical Characteristics CURRENT ERROR AMPLIFIER VOFFSET AI BW CMRR Input Offset Voltage ((-) > (+)) 8 mV Open-Loop Gain 60 dB Unit Gain Bandwidth 1.5 MHz 70 dB Common Mode Rejection Ratio VOUT-HIGH Output High Voltage VOUT-LOW Output Low Voltage IMR1, IMR2 Reference Current Source IL Maximum Source Current IH Maximum Sink Current VCM=0 to +1.5V 3.2 RI=24KΩ (IMR=20+IRI•0.8) V 50 3 0.2 V 70 µA mA 0.25 mA Continued on the following page… © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 8 VDD=15V and TA=25°C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 90 100 110 µA 0.15 0.20 0.25 V 0.35 0.40 0.45 V 200 ns 450 ns 360 µA PEAK CURRENT LIMIT IP VPK Constant Current Output RI=24KΩ Peak Current Limit Threshold VRMS=1.05V Voltage Cycle-by-Cycle Limit (VSENSE VRMS=3V < VPK) tPD-PFC Propagation Delay tLEB-PFC Leading-Edge Blanking Time 270 350 MULTIPLIER IAC Input AC Current Multiplier Linear Range 0 IMO–max Maximum Multiplier Current Output RI=24KΩ IMO-1 Multiplier Current Output (Low-line, High-Power) VRMS=1.05V; IAC=90µA; VEA=7.5V; RI=24KΩ 200 250 IMO–2 Multiplier Current Output (High-line, High-Power) VRMS=3V; IAC=264µA; VEA=7.5V; RI=24KΩ 65 85 VIMP Voltage of IMP Open 3.4 3.9 4.4 V 16 18 V 1.5 V 14.0 ms 250 µA 280 µA µA PFC OUTPUT DRIVER VZ VOL-PFC tPFC VOH-PFC Output Voltage Maximum (Clamp) VDD=20V Output Voltage Low VDD=15V; IO=100mA Interval OPFC Lags Behind OPWM at Startup 9.0 11.5 Output Voltage High VDD=13V; IO=100mA 8 tR-PFC Rising Time VDD=15V; CL=5nF; O/P=2V to 9V 40 70 120 ns tF-PFC Falling Time VDD=15V; CL=5nF; O/P=9V to 2V 40 60 110 ns 98 % DCYMAX SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Electrical Characteristics V Maximum Duty Cycle 93 FB to Current Comparator Attenuation 2.5 3.1 3.5 V/V 4 5 7 KΩ 0.8 1.2 1.5 mA 4.2 4.5 4.8 V PWM Open-Loop Protection Delay Time 45 56 70 ms Interval of PWM Open-Loop Protection Reset 450 600 750 ms PWM STAGE FBPWM Av-PWM ZFB Input Impedance IFB Maximum Source Current FBOPEN-LOOP PWM Open-Loop Protection Voltage tOPEN-PWM tOPEN-PWMHiccup Continued on the following page… © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 9 VDD=15V and TA=25°C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 120 ns PWM CURRENT SENSE tPD-PWM Propagation Delay to Output VDD=15V, OPWM<=9V VLIMIT-1 Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage1 RANGE=Open 0.65 0.70 0.75 V VLIMIT-2 Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage2 RANGE=Ground 0.60 0.65 0.70 V tLEB-PWM Leading-Edge Blanking Time 270 350 450 ns 0.45 0.50 0.55 V 16 18 V 1.5 V 60 △VS=△VSLOPE x (Ton/T) △VSLOPE Slope Compensation △VS: Compensation Voltage Added to Current Sense PWM OUTOUT DRIVER VZ-PWM Output Voltage Maximum (Clamp) VDD=20V VOL-PWM Output Voltage Low VDD=15V; IO=100mA VOH-PWM Output Voltage High VDD=13V; IO=100mA 8 tR-PWM Rising Time VDD=15V; CL=5nF; O/P=2V to 9V 30 60 120 ns tF-PWM Falling Time VDD=15V; CL=5nF; O/P=9V to 2V 30 50 110 ns 73 78 83 % 90 100 110 µA DCYMAXPWM Maximum Duty Cycle V SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Electrical Characteristics OTP SECTION IOTP OTP Pin Output Current VOTP-ON Recovery Level on OTP 1.35 1.40 1.45 V VOTP-OFF OTP Threshold Voltage 1.15 1.20 1.25 V 25 µs 56 µA tOTP RI=24KΩ OTP Debounce Time 8 SOFT START SECTION ISS Constant Current Output for Soft-Start RD Discharge RDSON © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 RT=24KΩ 44 50 470 Ω www.fairchildsemi.com 10 Minimum Operating Voltage (VDD-OFF ) vs. Temperature 25 11.0 20 10.6 VDD-OFF (V) IDD-ST (µA) Startup Current (IDD-ST ) vs. Temperature 15 10 5 10.2 9.8 9.4 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 9.0 125 -40 T emperature (°C) Figure 5. Startup Current -10 5 80 95 110 125 PWM Frequency (f OSC ) vs. Temperature 68 10.0 67 fOSC (KHz) 8.8 7.6 6.4 66 64 63 5.2 4.0 62 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 7. Operating Current 65 80 95 110 125 Figure 8. PWM Frequency VDD Over-Voltage Protection (VDD-OVP) vs. Temperature Start Threshold Voltage (VDD-ON) vs. Temperature 13.0 25.5 12.6 25.1 12.2 VDD-OVP (V) VDD-ON (V) 20 35 50 65 T emperature (°C) Figure 6. VDD Turn-Off Threshold Voltage Operating Current (IDD-OP) vs. Temperature IDD-OP (mA) -25 SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 11.8 11.4 24.7 24.3 23.9 11.0 23.5 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 Temperature (°C) -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Temperature (°C) Figure 9. VDD Turn-On Threshold Voltage © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 -25 Figure 10. VDD OVP Threshold Voltage www.fairchildsemi.com 11 2.00 3.05 1.98 3.03 1.96 3.01 VREF (V) VRMS-H (V) High VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator (VRMS-H) vs. Temperature 1.94 1.92 Reference Voltage (VREF ) vs. Temperature 2.99 2.97 1.90 2.95 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 -25 -10 5 Temperature (°C) Figure 11. High VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator 35 50 65 80 95 125 110 125 110 125 Rising Time (tR-PFC) vs. Temperature 120 1.65 104 1.63 tR-PFC (ns) 1.61 1.59 88 72 56 1.57 40 1.55 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 -40 125 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 13. Low VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator Figure 14. OPFC Rising Time PFC Over-Voltage Protection (OVPPFC) vs. Temperature Falling Time (tF-PFC) vs. Temperature (°C) 110 3.30 96 tF-PFC (ns) 3.28 OVPPFC (V) 110 Figure 12. Reference Voltage Low VRMS Threshold for RANGE Comparator (VRMS-L) vs. Temperature VRMS-L (V) 20 Temperature (°C) SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 3.26 3.24 82 68 54 3.22 3.20 40 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 Figure 15. PFC OVP Threshold Voltage © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 16. OPFC Falling Time www.fairchildsemi.com 12 Maximum Duty Cycle (DCY MAX) vs. Temperature Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage 1 (VLIMIT-1) vs. Temperature 98 0.75 0.73 VLIMIT-1 (V) DCY MAX (%) 97 96 95 0.71 0.69 0.67 94 0.65 93 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 -40 125 -25 -10 5 Figure 17. PFC Maximum Duty Cycle 50 65 80 95 110 125 Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage 2 (VLIMIT-2) vs. Temperature 0.70 4.80 0.68 4.68 VLIMIT-2 (V) FBOPEN-LOOP (V) 35 Figure 18. Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage PWM Open-Loop Protection Voltage (FBOPEN-LOOP) vs. Temperature 4.56 4.44 4.32 0.66 0.64 0.62 4.20 0.60 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 -25 -10 5 Temperature (°C) 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Temperature (°C) Figure 19. PWM Open-Loop Protection Voltage Figure 20. Peak Current Limit Threshold Voltage2 Falling Time (tF-PWM) vs. Temperature PWM Maximum Duty Cycle (DCYMAXPWM ) vs. Temperature (°C) 110 83 DCYMAXPWM (%) 94 tF-PWM (ns) 20 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 78 62 46 81 79 77 75 30 73 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -40 Figure 21. OPWM Falling Time © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 22. PWM Maximum Duty Cycle www.fairchildsemi.com 13 SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Typical Performance Characteristics OTP Threshold Voltage (VOTP-OFF) vs. Temperature 1.25 VOTP-OFF (V) 1.23 1.21 1.19 1.17 1.15 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Temperature (°C) Figure 23. VDD OTPurn Threshold Voltage © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 14 improve the efficiency at low-line input. The RANGE pin (open-drain structure) is used for the two-level output voltage setting. SG6901A is a highly integrated PFC/PWM combination controller. Many functions and protections are built in to provide a compact design. The following sections describe the operation and function. Switching Frequency and Current Sources The switching frequency can be programmed by the resistor RI connected between RI pin and GND. The relationship is: fOSC = 1560 (kHz) RI (kΩ ) (1) Figure 25. Interleaved Switching Pattern For example, a 24KΩ resistor RI results in a 65KHz switching frequency. Accordingly, a constant current, IT, flows through RI: 1.2V IT = (mA) RI (kΩ ) PFC Operation The purpose of a boost active power factor corrector (PFC) is to shape the input current of a power supply. The input current waveform and phase follow that of the input voltage. Average-current-mode control is utilized for continuous-current-mode operation for the PFC booster. With the innovative multi-vector control for voltage loop and switching charge multiplier-divider for current reference, excellent input power factor is achieved with good noise immunity and transient response. Figure 26 shows the total control loop for the average-current-mode control circuit. (2) IT is used to generate internal current reference. Line Voltage Detection (VRMS) Figure 24 shows a resistive divider with low-pass filtering for line-voltage detection on the VRMS pin. The VRMS voltage is used for the PFC multiplier, brownout protection, and range control. The current source output from the switching charge multiplier-divider can be expressed as: For brownout protection, SG6901A is disabled with a 195ms delay if the voltage VRMS drops below 0.8V. I MO = K × For PFC multiplier and range control, refer to the PFC Operation section below for details. VRMS 2 (µA) (3) As shown in Figure 26, the current output from the IMP pin is the summation of IMO and IMR1. IMR1 and IMR2 are identical fixed-current sources used to pull high the operating point of the IMP and IPFC pins since the voltage across RS goes negative with respect to ground. Constant current sources IMR1 and IMR2 are typically 60µA. Through the differential amplification of the signal across RS, better noise immunity is achieved. The output of IEA is compared with an internal sawtooth and the pulse width for PFC is determined. Through the average current-mode control loop, the input current IS is proportional to IMO: Figure 24. Line Voltage Detection Circuit IMO × R 2 = IS × R S Interleave Switching (4) According to Equation 4, the minimum value of R2 and maximum of RS can be determined since IMO should not exceed the specified maximum value. The SG6901A uses interleaved switching to synchronize the PFC and flyback stages, which reduces switching noise and spreads the EMI emissions. Figure 25 shows off-time, tOFF, inserted between the turn-off of the PFC gate drive and the turnon of the PWM. There are different concerns in determining the value of the sense resistor RS. The value of RS should be small enough to reduce power consumption, but large enough to maintain the resolution. A current transformer (CT) may be used to improve efficiency of high-power converters. For an universal input (90 ~ 264VAC) power supply applying active boost PFC and flyback as a second stage, the output voltage of PFC is usually designed around 250V at low line and 390V at high line. This can © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 I AC × VEA SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Functional Description www.fairchildsemi.com 15 f1 = 1 Pin = VIN (rms) × IIN (rms) ∝ VRMS × IMO ∝ VRMS × ∝ VRMS × = 2× (5) 2π × Z O × CEA I AC × VEA VRMS 2 Vin × VEA R AC VRMS (6) 2 VEA R AC From Equation 6, VEA, the output of the voltage error amplifier, controls the total input power and the power delivered to the load. SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller The average total input power can be expressed as: To achieve good power factor, the voltage for VRMS and VEA should be kept as constant as possible, according to Equation 5. Good RC filtering for VRMS and narrow bandwidth (lower than the line frequency) for voltage loop are suggested for better input current shaping. The transconductance error amplifier has output impedance ZO and a capacitor CEA (1µF ~ 10µF) should be connected to ground. This establishes a dominant pole f1 for the voltage loop: Figure 26. Average-Current-Mode Control Loop Multi-Vector Error Amplifier PFC Over-Voltage Protection Although the PFC stage has a low bandwidth voltage loop for better input power factor, the innovative multivector error amplifier provides a fast transient response to clamp the overshoot and undershoot of the PFC output voltage. Using a voltage divider from the output of PFC to the OVP pin, the PFC output voltage can be safely protected. Once the voltage on the OVP pin is over OVPPFC, the OPFC is disabled. THE OPFC is not enabled again until the OVP voltage falls below OVPPFC. 0 shows the block diagram of the multi-vector error amplifier. When the variation of the feedback voltage exceeds ±5% of the reference voltage, the transconductance error amplifier adjusts its output impedance to increase the loop response. Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting SG6901A provides cycle-by-cycle current limiting for both PFC and PWM stages. Figure 28 shows the peak current limit for the PFC stage. The PFC gate drive is terminated once the voltage on the ISENSE pin goes below VPK. The voltage of VRMS determines the voltage of VPK. The relationship between VPK and VRMS is shown in Figure 28. The amplitude of the constant current, Ip, is determined by the internal current reference according to: IP = 2 × 1.2V RI (8) Figure 27. Multi-Vector Error Amplifier © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 16 Every time the output of the power supply is shorted or overloaded, the FBPWM voltage increases. If the FBPWM voltage is higher than a designed threshold, FBOPEN-LOOP (4.5V) for longer than tOPEN-PWM (56ms), the OPWM is turned off. As long as the voltage on the VDD pin is larger than VDD-OFF (minimum operating voltage), the OPWM is not enabled. This protection is reset every tOPEN-PWM-Hiccup interval. A low-frequency hiccup mode protection prevents the power supply from being overheated under overload conditions. Figure 28. VRMS Controlled Current Limiting The peak current of the ISENSE is given by (VRMS<1.05V): ISENSE_peak = (IP × R P ) - 0.2V RS Over-Temperature Protection (8) The OTP pin provides for over-temperature protection. A constant current is output from this pin. If RI is equal to 24KΩ, the magnitude of the constant current is 100µA. An external NTC thermistor must be connected from this pin to ground, as shown as Figure 30. When the OTP voltage drops below VOTP-OFF (1.2V), SG6901A is disabled and does not recover until OTP voltage exceeds VOTP-ON (1.4V). Flyback PWM and Slope Compensation As shown in Figure 29, peak-current-mode control is utilized for flyback PWM. The SG6901A inserts a synchronized 0.5V ramp at the beginning of each switching cycle. This built-in slope compensation ensures stable operation for continuous current-mode operation. When the IPWM voltage, across the sense resistor, reaches the threshold voltage (0.9V), the OPWM is turned off after a small propagation delay tPD-PWM. To improve stability or prevent sub-harmonic oscillation, a synchronized positive-going ramp is inserted at every switching cycle. SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Limited Power Control Figure 30. OTP Function Soft Start During startup of PWM stage, the SS pin charges an external capacitor with a constant current source. The voltage on FBPWM is clamped by the SS voltage during startup. In the event of a protected condition and/or PWM is disabled, the SS pin quickly discharges. Gate Driver SG6901A output stage is a fast totem-pole gate driver. The output driver is clamped by an internal 18V Zener diode to protect the external power MOSFET. Figure 29. Peak Current Control Loop © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 17 13.00 12.60 A 11.43 20 11 B 9.50 10.65 7.60 10.00 7.40 2.25 1 0.51 0.35 PIN ONE INDICATOR 1.27 0.25 M 10 0.65 1.27 C B A LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION 2.65 MAX SEE DETAIL A 0.33 0.20 C 0.75 0.25 X 45° 0.10 C 0.30 0.10 SEATING PLANE NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED (R0.10) A) THIS PACKAGE CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-013, VARIATION AC, ISSUE E B) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR BURRS. D) CONFORMS TO ASME Y14.5M-1994 GAGE PLANE (R0.10) SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller Physical Dimensions 0.25 8° 0° 1.27 0.40 SEATING PLANE (1.40) DETAIL A E) LANDPATTERN STANDARD: SOIC127P1030X265-20L F) DRAWING FILENAME: MKT-M20BREV3 SCALE: 2:1 Figure 31. 20-Pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit (SOIC) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 18 SG6901A — CCM PFC / Flyback PWM Combination Controller © 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation SG6901A • Rev. 1.0.2 www.fairchildsemi.com 19