APW7179C Dual 1.5MHz, 1A Synchronous Step-Down Converter Features • • • • • • • • • • • • General Description The APW7179C consists of two independent 1.5MHz constant frequency, current mode, and PWM step-down 1A Output Current on Each Channel 3V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range converters. Each converter integrates a main switch with a synchronous rectifier for high efficiency without an ex- 1.5MHz Constant Frequency Operation Low Dropout Operation at 100% Duty Cycle ternal Schottky diode. The APW7179C is ideal for powering portable equipment that runs from a single cell Synchronous Topology 0.6V Low Reference Voltage Lithium-Ion (Li+) battery. Each converter can supply 1A of load current from a 3V to 5.5V input voltage. The output Current Mode Operation Over-Temperature Protection Over-Current Protection voltage can be regulated as low as 0.6V. The APW7179C can also run at 100% duty cycle for low dropout High Efficiency applications. Pin Configuration Internally Compensated Lead Free and Green Devices Available APW7179C (RoHS Compliant) Applications • • IN2 1 12 EN2 SW2 2 11 NC GND1 3 FB1 4 TV Tuner/Box TDFN3x3-12 (Top View) 10 FB2 9 GND2 NC 5 8 SW1 EN1 6 7 IN1 Portable Instrument Exposed pad on backside Ordering and Marking Information Package Code QB : TDFN3x3-12 Temperature Range I : -40 to 85 oC Handling Code TR : Tape & Reel Assembly Material G : Halogen and Lead Free Device APW7179C Assembly Material Handling Code Temperature Range Package Code APW7179C QB: APW 7179C XXXXX XXXXX - Date Code Note: ANPEC lead-free products contain molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish; which are fully compliant with RoHS. ANPEC lead-free products meet or exceed the lead-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D for MSL classification at lead-free peak reflow temperature. ANPEC defines “Green” to mean lead-free (RoHS compliant) and halogen free (Br or Cl does not exceed 900ppm by weight in homogeneous material and total of Br and Cl does not exceed 1500ppm by weight). ANPEC reserves the right to make changes to improve reliability or manufacturability without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify before placing orders. Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 1 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol (Note 1) P arame ter VIN1/IN2 In put S upply Voltage (IN1/IN2 to GND1/GND2) Ra ting Unit -0.3 ~ 6 V V FB1/FB2 Voltag e o n FB1 a nd FB2 (FB1 /FB2 to GND 1/GND2 ) -0 .3 ~ V IN 1/IN2 +0.3 V V EN1/EN2 Voltag e o n EN1 an d EN2 (EN1/EN2 to GND1/GND2) -0 .3 ~ V IN 1/IN2 +0.3 V >20 ns -0 .3 ~ V IN 1/IN2 +0.3 V V SW1/SW2 SW1/SW2 to G ND1/GND2 Voltage <20 ns -5 ~ 9 V I SW_PEAK Peak SW Current 2.5 A 2 W o PD Ma ximu m Powe r Dissipation (T A=25 C) TJ Maximum Junctio n Temp erature T STG Storage Tempe rature Range T SDR Ma ximu m Le ad Sold ering Tempera tur e, 10 Se conds 1 50 °C -6 5 ~ 150 °C 2 60 °C Note1: Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Thermal Characteristics Symbol P arame ter Typical V alue θJA Ju nctio n-to-Ambie nt Resista nce in Free Air θJC Ju nctio n-to-Case Resistance in Fre e Air Unit (No te 2 ) 50 TDFN3x3-12 °C/W 12 TDFN3x3-12 Note 2: θJA is measured on with the device mounted the PCB with top-layer pad of approximate 1” square of 1 oz copper. Recommended Operating Conditions Sym bol VIN1/IN2 I OUT P arame ter Range Unit In put Supply Voltage (IN1/IN2 to GND1/GND2) 3 ~ 5.5 V Output Current 0 ~ 1 A TA Oper ati ng Ambien t Temperatur e -4 0 ~ 85 °C TJ Oper ati ng Junction Temp erature -4 0 ~ 125 °C Note 3: Please refer to the typical application circuit. Electrical Characteristics The denotes the specifications that apply over VIN=3.6V and TA =25°C, unless otherwise specifications. S ym bol Pa ra mete r APW7 179C Test Conditions Min. Unit Typ. Max. VIN1/IN2 Ea ch Converter Input Voltage Range 3 - 5.5 V I FB1 /FB2 FB1/FB2 In put Curr ent V FB1/FB2=0 .6V -30 - 30 nA Ea ch Converter Reference Vo lta ge I OUT=0mA~1A 0.58 8 0.6 0.612 V Ea ch Converter Pe ak Inductor Current V IN 1/IN2 =3.3V, VFB=0.5V or V OUT =90%, Duty cycle < 35% 1 .4 1.6 - A VR EF1/REF2 IPK Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.22- Nov., 2015 2 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) The denotes the specifications that apply over VIN=3.6V and TA =25°C, unless otherwise specifications. APW717 9C Symbol Parame ter Te st Conditions Unit Min. Typ. Ma x. I DD Ea ch Converter Qu iesce nt Curren t V FB=0.7V - 30 50 µA I SD Ea ch Converter Qu iesce nt Curren t in Sh utd own V EN1/EN2=0V, V IN =4.2V - - 1 µA f OSC Ea ch Converter Oscillator Frequen cy V FB=0.6V 1.2 1.5 1.8 MHz fOSC_FFB Ea ch Converter Freque ncy Foldb ack V FB=0V - 210 - kHz R DS-P Ea ch Converter On Resista nce o f PMOSFET I SW =10 0mA - 0 .2 8 - Ω R DS-N Ea ch Converter On Resista nce o f NMO SFET I SW =-10 0mA - 0 .2 5 - Ω VEN 1/EN2 Ea ch Converter En able Threshol d 0.4 - 1 V - 150 - o - o TOTP Thermal Sh utdown Thr eshold Thermal Sh utdown Hyste resis Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 - 3 50 C C www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Pin Description P IN FUNCTIO N NO. NAME 1 IN2 2 SW2 3 GND1 4 FB1 Chan nel 1 Feed back In put. Co nnect FB1 to the ce nter po int of th e external resistor divid er. Th e feed back voltage is 0.6V. 5, 11 NC No Inte rnal Conn ectio n. 6 EN1 Chan nel 1 En able Control Inpu t. Drive EN1 ab ove 1 V to turn o n the Cha nnel 1. Dr ive EN1 b elow 0.4V to turn it off. In shutdown situ ation, a ll fun ction s are d isa bled to decrease the suppl y curren t be low 1µA. Don’ t left this pin flo ating. 7 IN1 Chan nel 1 Su pply Inp ut. Bypass to th e GND1 with a 4.7µF or greater ceram ic capacitor. 8 SW1 9 GND2 10 FB2 12 EN2 Exposed Pad NC Chan nel 2 Su pply Inp ut. Bypass to th e GND2 with a 4.7µF or greater ceram ic capacitor. Chan nel 2 Po wer Switch Output. Indu ctor conn ectio n to dra ins o f th e i nternal PMO SFET and NMO SFET switche s. G round 1 . Conne cted the exposed pa d to the GND1. Chan nel 1 Po wer Switch Output. Indu ctor conn ectio n to dra ins o f th e i nternal PMO SFET and NMO SFET switche s. G round 2 . Conne cted the exposed pa d to the GND2. Chan nel 2 Feed back In put. Co nnect FB2 to the ce nter po int of th e external resistor divid er. Th e feed back voltage is 0.6V. Chan nel 2 En able Control Inpu t. Drive EN2 ab ove 1 V to turn o n the Cha nnel 2. Dr ive EN2 b elow 0.4V to turn it off. In shutdown situ ation, a ll fun ction s are d isa bled to decrease the suppl y curren t be low 1µA. Don’ t left this pin flo ating. No Inte rnal Conn ectio n. Conn ecting this pad to GND1 and GND2. Block Diagram IN1/IN2 EN1/EN2 Shutdown Control Logic Control SW1/SW2 Gate Driver OverTemperature Protection Current Limit ∑ GND1/GND2 Oscillator ICMP FB1/FB2 COMP EAMP Softstart VREF 0.6V Diagram Represents 1/2 of the APW7179C Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 4 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Typical Application Circuit VIN1/IN2 CIN1 4.7µF R5 100kΩ IN1 VOUT1 1.2V 1A IN2 EN1 OFF ON R6 100kΩ EN2 L1 2.2µH APW7179C SW2 FB1 CFB1 22pF VOUT2 3.3V 1A R3 67.5kΩ R1 20kΩ COUT1 10µF OFF ON L2 2.2µH SW1 CIN2 4.7µF R2 20kΩ COUT2 10µF FB2 GND1 GND2 R4 15kΩ CFB2 22pF CFB1, CFB2 = 22pF is recommended R1, R3 < 1MΩ is recommended R2, R4 < 60KΩ is recommended CIN1, CIN2 closed to IC. Less than 2mm is recommended Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 5 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Function Description Main Control Loop Junction Temperature (TJ ) during continuous thermal overload conditions, increasing the lifetime of the device. The APW 7179C has dual independent constant frequency, current-mode PWM step-down converters. Enable/Shutdown During normal operation, the internal P-channel power MOSFET is turned on each cycle when the oscillator sets For each channel, driving EN to the ground places the an internal RS latch and is turned off when an internal comparator (ICMP) resets the latch. The peak inductor channel in shutdown mode. When in shutdown, the internal power MOSFETs are turned off, all internal circuitry current at which ICMP resets the RS latch is controlled by the voltage on the COMP, which is the output of the error shuts down, and the quiescent supply current reduces to 1µA maximally. amplifier (EAMP). An external resistive divider connected between VOUT and ground allows the EAMP to receive an Automoatic PFM/PWM mode Switch The APW7179C is a fixed frequency PWM peak current output feedback voltage VFB at FB pin. When the load current increases, it causes a slightly decrease in VFB asso- modulation control step-down converter. At light loads, the APW7179C will automatically enter in pulse frequency ciated with the 0.6V reference, which in turn causes the COMP voltage to increase until the average inductor current matches the new load current. modulation operation to reduce the dominant switching losses. In PFM operation, the inductor current may reach Soft-Start zero or reverse on each pulse. A zero current comparator turns off the N-channel synchronous MOSFET, forcing DCM (Discontinuous Current Mode) operation at light load. These controls get very low quiescent, help to main- Each channel in the APW7179C has a built-in soft-start to control the output voltage rise during start-up. During softstart, an internal ramp, connected to the one of the posi- tain high efficiency over the complete load range. tive inputs of the error amplifier, raise up to replace the reference voltage (0.6V typical) until the ramp voltage reaches the reference voltage. Short Circuit Protection For each channel, when the output is shortened to the ground, the frequency of the oscillator will be reduced to 210kHz. This lower frequency allows the inductor current to safely discharge, thereby preventing current runaway. The oscillator’s frequency will gradually increase to its designed rate when the feedback voltage on the FB again approaches 0.6V. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) For each channel, the over-temperature circuit limits the junction temperature of the APW7179C. When the junction temperature exceeds 150oC, a thermal sensor turns off the power MOSFETs, allowing the channels to cool down. The thermal sensor allows the converter to start a soft-start process and to regulate the output voltage again after the junction temperature cools by 40οC. The OTP is designed with a 40οC hysteresis to lower the average Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 6 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Application Information IL Inductor Selection IOUT Due to the high switching frequency as 1.5MHz, the inductor value of the application of the APW7179C is usually in the range from 1µH to 4.7µH. The criterion of se- IIN 0A lecting a suitable inductor depends on its maximum current ripple. The maximum current ripple defines as 40% I(CIN) IIN 0A of the fully load current. In the APW7179C applications, the maximum value of current ripple is 400mA, the 40% of 1A. Calculate L by the equation (1): L= (VIN − VOUT ) ⋅ VOUT ⋅ VIN 1 .......... .....(1) ∆IL ⋅ fOSC 0A I(COUT) where fOSC is the switching frequency of APW7179C and ∆IL is the value of the maximum current ripple. It can be I(Q1) any value of current ripple that smaller than the maximum value you can accept. In order to perform high efficiency, selecting a low DC resistance inductor is a helpful way. Another important parameter is the DC current rating of IOUT 0A the inductor. The minimum value of DC current rating equals the full load value of 1A, and then plus the half of D*TS the current ripple. Choose inductors with suitable DC cur- PWM (1-D)*TS rent rating to ensure the inductors don’t operate in the saturation. 0A Figure-2 Input Capacitor Selection By observing the waveform of I(CIN), the RMS value of I(CIN) is The input capacitor must be able to support the maximum input operating voltage and maximum RMS input I(CIN ) = current. The Buck converter absorbs pulse current from input power source. [(I OUT ] ( − IIN ) ⋅ D + IIN ⋅ 1 − D 2 2 ) 2 .....( 2) Replace D and IIN by following relation: I(Q1) D= I(CIN) IIN Q1 L VIN CIN IIN = D ⋅ IOUT .......... .......... .....( 4 ) I(L) Q2 VOUT .......... .......... .......... (3) VIN I(COUT) COUT The RMS value of input capacitor current equal: IOUT I(CIN ) = IOUT ⋅ D(1 − D) ............(5) PWM When D=0.5, the RMS current of input capacitor will be maximum value. Use this value to choose the input capacitor with suitable current rating. Figure-1 Figure-1 shows a schematic of a Buck converter. The waveforms are shown as Figure-2. Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 7 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Application Information (Cont.) TS .......... .......( 8) ∆VOUT = ∆IL ⋅ ESR + ⋅ 8 C OUT Output Capacitor Selection The output voltage ripple is a significant parameter to estimate the performance of a convertor. There are two Thermal Consideration discrete components that affect the output voltage ripple to be bigger or smaller. It is recommended to use the APW7179C is a high efficiency switching converter, it criterion mentioned in the "Inductor Selection" to choose a suitable inductor. Then, based on this known inductor means less power loss transferred into heat. Due to the on resistance difference between internal power current ripple, the value and equivalent-series-resistance (ESR) of output capacitor will affect the output voltage ripple PMOSFET and NMOSFET, the power dissipation at high duty cycle is greater than the low duty cycle. The worst to be smaller or larger. The output voltage ripple consists of two portions, one is the product of ESR and inductor case in the dropout operation is the conduction loss dissipate mainly on the internal power PMOSFET. The power current ripple, the other portion is the function of the inductor current ripple and the output capacitance. Figure-3 dissipation is nearly defined as: PD = (IOUT ) [RDS−P ⋅ D + RDS−N ⋅ (1 − D)].......(9) 2 illustrates the waveform of the ripple voltage which is generated when the inductor ripple current charges or The APW7179C provides internal over-temperature protection. When the junction temperature reaches 150 discharges the pure capacitor without the ESR. degrees centigrade, the APW7179C will turn off both internal power PMOSFET and NMOSFET. The estimation of the junction temperature, TJ, is defined as: ∆IL 0A I(COUT ) TJ = PD ⋅ θJA .......... .......... .......... .......... ....(10 ) where the θJA is the thermal resistance of the package utilized by the APW7179C. 0.5TS ∆VOUT1 Output Voltage Setting V OUT Then APW7179C has the adjustable version for output voltage setting by the users. A suggestion of maximum value of R2 is 60kΩ to keep the minimum current that Figure-3 Evaluate the ∆VOUT1 by the ideal of energy equalization. provides enough noise rejection ability through the resistor divider. The output voltage is programmed by the According to the definition of Q, Q= equation as below: 11 1 ∆IL ⋅ TS = COUT ⋅ ∆VOUT1 ....( 6 ) 2 22 R VOUT = 0.6 ⋅ 1 + 1 .......... .................... .(11) R 2 where TS is the inverse of switching frequency and the ∆IL is the inductor current ripple. Move the COUT to the left side to estimate the value of ∆VOUT1 as equation (7). ∆VOUT1 = VOUT ∆IL ⋅ TS .......... .......... .......... ..( 7) 8 ⋅ COUT APW7179C As mentioned above, one part of output voltage ripple is R1 FB the product of the inductor current ripple and ESR of output capacitor. The equation (8) explains the output volt- R2 age ripple estimation. Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 8 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Application Information (Cont.) Layout Consideration For all switching power supplies, the layout is an important step in the design; especially at high peak currents and switching frequencies. If the layout is not carefully done, the regulator might show noise problems and duty cycle jitter. 1. The input capacitor should be placed close to the VIN and GND. Connecting the capacitor and VIN/GND with short and wide trace without any via holes for good input voltage filtering. The distance between VIN/GND t o c a p a c i t or l e s s t h a n 2m m r e s pe c t i ve ly i s recommended. 2. The high current paths (GND1/GND2, IN1/IN2, and SW1/ SW2) should be placed very close to the device with short, direct and wide traces. 3. To minimize copper trace connections that can inject noise into the system, the inductor should be placed as close as possible to the SW pin to minimize the noise coupling into other circuits. 4. Since the feedback pin and network is a high impedance circuit, the feedback network should be routed away from the inductor. The feedback pin and feedback network should be shielded with a ground plane or trace to minimize noise coupling into this circuit. 5. A star ground connection or ground plane minimizes ground shifts and noise is recommended. Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 9 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Package Information TDFN3x3-12 D b E A Pin 1 A1 D2 A3 L K E2 Pin 1 Corner e S Y M B O L TDFN3x3-12 MILLIMETERS INCHES MIN. MAX. MIN. MAX. A 0.70 0.80 0.028 0.031 A1 0.00 0.05 0.000 0.002 A3 0.20 REF 0.008 REF 0.30 0.007 0.012 2.90 3.10 0.114 0.122 D2 2.20 2.70 0.087 0.106 E 2.90 3.10 0.114 0.122 E2 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069 0.50 0.012 b D 0.18 e 0.45 BSC L 0.30 K 0.20 Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 0.018 BSC 0.020 0.008 10 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Carrier Tape & Reel Dimensions P0 P2 P1 A B0 W F E1 OD0 K0 A0 A OD1 B B T SECTION A-A SECTION B-B H A d T1 Application TDFN3x3-12 A H 330±2.00 50 MIN. P0 P1 T1 12.4+2.00 -0.00 P2 4.0±0.10 8.0±0.10 2.0±0.05 C 13.0+0.50 -0.20 D0 1.5+0.10 -0.00 d D W E1 F 1.5 MIN. 20.2 MIN. 12.0±0.30 1.75±0.10 5.5±0.05 D1 T 0.6+0.00 -0.40 A0 B0 K0 3.30±0.20 3.30±0.20 1.30±0.20 1.5 MIN. (mm) Devices Per Unit Package Type Unit Quantity TDFN3x3-12 Tape & Reel 3000 Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 11 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Taping Direction Information TDFN3x3-12 USER DIRECTION OF FEED Classification Profile Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 12 www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Classification Reflow Profiles Profile Feature Sn-Pb Eutectic Assembly Pb-Free Assembly 100 °C 150 °C 60-120 seconds 150 °C 200 °C 60-120 seconds 3 °C/second max. 3°C/second max. 183 °C 60-150 seconds 217 °C 60-150 seconds See Classification Temp in table 1 See Classification Temp in table 2 Time (tP)** within 5°C of the specified classification temperature (Tc) 20** seconds 30** seconds Average ramp-down rate (Tp to Tsmax) 6 °C/second max. 6 °C/second max. 6 minutes max. 8 minutes max. Preheat & Soak Temperature min (Tsmin) Temperature max (Tsmax) Time (Tsmin to Tsmax) (ts) Average ramp-up rate (Tsmax to TP) Liquidous temperature (TL) Time at liquidous (tL) Peak package body Temperature (Tp)* Time 25°C to peak temperature * Tolerance for peak profile Temperature (Tp) is defined as a supplier minimum and a user maximum. ** Tolerance for time at peak profile temperature (tp) is defined as a supplier minimum and a user maximum. Table 1. SnPb Eutectic Process – Classification Temperatures (Tc) Package Thickness <2.5 mm ≥2.5 mm Volume mm <350 235 °C 220 °C 3 Volume mm ≥350 220 °C 220 °C 3 Table 2. Pb-free Process – Classification Temperatures (Tc) Package Thickness <1.6 mm 1.6 mm – 2.5 mm ≥2.5 mm Volume mm <350 260 °C 260 °C 250 °C 3 Volume mm 350-2000 260 °C 250 °C 245 °C 3 Volume mm >2000 260 °C 245 °C 245 °C 3 Reliability Test Program Test item SOLDERABILITY HOLT PCT TCT HBM MM Latch-Up Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 Method JESD-22, B102 JESD-22, A108 JESD-22, A102 JESD-22, A104 MIL-STD-883-3015.7 JESD-22, A115 JESD 78 13 Description 5 Sec, 245°C 1000 Hrs, Bias @ Tj=125°C 168 Hrs, 100%RH, 2atm, 121°C 500 Cycles, -65°C~150°C VHBM≧2KV VMM≧200V 10ms, 1tr≧100mA www.anpec.com.tw APW7179C Customer Service Anpec Electronics Corp. Head Office : No.6, Dusing 1st Road, SBIP, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel : 886-3-5642000 Fax : 886-3-5642050 Taipei Branch : 2F, No. 11, Lane 218, Sec 2 Jhongsing Rd., Sindian City, Taipei County 23146, Taiwan Tel : 886-2-2910-3838 Fax : 886-2-2917-3838 Copyright ANPEC Electronics Corp. Rev. A.2 - Nov., 2015 14 www.anpec.com.tw