TS2012 Filter-free stereo 2x2.8W class D audio power amplifer Features Output power per channel : 1.35W @5V or 0.68W @ 3.6V into 8Ω with 1% THD+N max. ■ Output power per channel : 2.2W @5V into 4Ω with 1% THD+N max. ■ Four gains select : 6, 12, 18, 24 dB ■ Low current consumption ■ PSRR: 70dB typ @ 217Hz with 6dB gain. ■ Fast start-up phase: 1ms ■ Thermal shutdown protection ■ QFN20 4x4mm lead-free package Pin connections (top view) 17 16 Lout+ Rout+ 14 3 PVCC PVCC 13 Applications 4 PGND PGND 12 ■ Cellular phone 5 Lout- Rout- 11 ■ PDA ■ Flat panel TV 6 NC 15 AVCC G0 STBYR 2 18 STBYL G1 19 NC 1 20 Rin+ ■ Rin- Standby mode active low AGND ■ TS2012IQT - QFN20 (4x4) Lin- Operating range from VCC=2.5V to 5.5V Lin+ ■ 7 8 9 10 Description LIN - 15 G0 1 G1 PVCC 3 Gain H PWM Select Bridge LOUT+ 2 LOUT- 5 Rev 1 ROUT+ 14 ROUT- 11 PGND Control 18 The TS2012 is available in a QFN20 package in 4x4 mm dimension. Bridge Standby PGND STBY R 4 STBY L 8 H PWM Select 12 7 Gain AGND RIN - 300k RIN + 17 300k Two standby pins (active low) allow each channel to be switched off independently. 16 300k 300k Oscillator Pop & click reduction circuitry provides low on/off switch noise while allowing the device to start within 1ms. December 2007 LIN + 19 PVCC 9 AVCC The device has four different gain settings utilizing two discrete pins: G0 and G1. 20 13 Block diagram The TS2012 is a stereo fully differential class D power amplifier. Able to drive up to 1.35W into an 8Ω load at 5V per channel. It achieves outstanding efficiency compared to typical class AB audio amps. 1/30 www.st.com 30 Contents TS2012 Contents 1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Typical application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 3.1 Electrical characteristic tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Electrical characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1 Differential configuration principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.2 Gain settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.3 Common mode feedback loop limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.4 Low frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.5 Decoupling of the circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.6 Wake-up time (twu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.7 Shutdown time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8 Consumption in shutdown mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.9 Single-ended input configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.10 Output filter considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 6 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2/30 TS2012 1 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC Vi Parameter Value Unit 6 V GND to VCC V Supply voltage (1) Input voltage (2) Toper Operating free air temperature range -40 to + 85 °C Tstg Storage temperature -65 to +150 °C 150 °C 100 °C/W Tj Rthja Pd Maximum junction temperature Thermal resistance junction to ambient (3) Power dissipation Internally HBM: human body model(5) ESD MM: machine model 2 kV 200 V 200 mA GND to VCC V 260 °C (6) Latch-up Latch-up immunity VSTBY Standby pin voltage maximum voltage limited(4) Lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) 1. All voltage values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. The magnitude of the input signal must never exceed VCC + 0.3V / GND - 0.3V. 3. The device is protected in case of over temperature by a thermal shutdown active @ 150°C. 4. Exceeding the power derating curves during a long period will cause abnormal operation. 5. Human body model: 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device, done for all couples of pin combinations with other pins floating. 6. Machine model: a 200 pF cap is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω), done for all couples of pin combinations with other pins floating. 3/30 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 2. Operating conditions Symbol VCC VI Vic VSTBY TS2012 Parameter Supply voltage Input voltage range Input common mode voltage (1) Standby voltage input (2) Device ON Device in STANDBY(3) Value Unit 2.5 to 5.5 V GND to VCC V GND+0.5V to VCC-0.9V V 1.4 ≤ VSTBY ≤ VCC GND ≤ VSTBY ≤ 0.4 V ≥4 Ω RL Load resistor VIH GO, G1 - high level input voltage(4) 1.4 ≤ VIH ≤ VCC V VIL GO, G1 - low level input voltage GND ≤ VIL ≤ 0.4 V 40 °C/W Rthja Thermal resistance junction to ambient (5) 1. I Voo I ≤ 40mV max with all differential gains except 24dB. For 24dB gain, input decoupling caps are mandatory. 2. Without any signal on VSTBY, the device is in standby (internal 300kΩ +/-20% pull-down resistor). 3. Minimum current consumption is obtained when VSTBY = GND. 4. Between G0, G1pins and GND, there is an internal 300kΩ (+/-20%) pull-down resistor. When pins are floating, the gain is 6 dB. In full standby (left and right channels OFF), these resistors are disconnected (HiZ input). 5. With 4-layer PCB. 4/30 TS2012 Typical application 2 Typical application Figure 1. Typical application schematics Cs VCC 100nF Input capacitors are optional CsL 1μF VCC VCC CsR 1μF Gain Select Control LIN + Cin LIN - Left IN- PVCC AVCC Cin Differential Left Input PVCC TS2012 Left IN+ Gain H PWM Select Bridge LOUT+ Left speaker LOUT- G0 Oscillator G1 RIN + Right IN+ Cin RIN - Gain H PWM Select Bridge ROUT+ ROUTRight speaker Differential Right Input Standby Control PGND STBY R PGND STBY L AGND Cin Right IN- Standby Control Cs VCC 100nF Input capacitors are optional CsL 1μF VCC VCC CsR 1μF Gain Select Control LIN + Cin LIN - Left IN- PVCC AVCC Cin Differential Left Input PVCC TS2012 Left IN+ H Gain PWM Select Bridge LOUT+ LOUT- LC Output Filter Load LC Output Filter Load G0 Oscillator G1 RIN + Right IN+ Cin RIN - Gain H PWM Select Bridge ROUT+ ROUT- Differential Right Input Standby Control Standby Control PGND STBY R PGND STBY L AGND Cin Right IN- 4Ω LC Output Filter 8Ω LC Output Filter 30 μH 15 μH 1μF 2μF 15 μH 2μF 30 μH 1μF 5/30 Typical application Table 3. TS2012 External component descriptions Components Functional description CS, CSL, CSR Supply capacitor that provides power supply filtering. Input coupling capacitors (optional) that block the DC voltage at the amplifier input terminal. The capacitors also form a high pass filter with Zin (Fcl = 1 / (2 x π x Zin x Cin)). Cin Table 4. Pin descriptions Pin number Pin name 1 G1 2 Lout+ Left channel positive output 3 PVCC Power supply 4 PGND Power ground 5 Lout- 6 NC 7 STBYL Standby pin (active low) for left channel output 8 STBYR Standby pin (active low) for right channel output 9 AVCC 10 NC 11 Rout- Right channel negative output 12 PGND Power ground 13 PVCC Power supply 14 Rout+ Right channel positive output 15 G0 16 Rin+ Right channel positive differential input 17 Rin- Right channel negative differential input 18 AGND 19 Lin- Left channel negative differential input 20 Lin+ Left channel positive differential input Thermal pad 6/30 Pin description Gain select pin (MSB) Left channel negative output No internal connection Analog supply No internal connection Gain select pin (LSB) Analog ground Connect the thermal pad of the QFN package to PCB ground TS2012 Electrical characteristics 3 Electrical characteristics 3.1 Electrical characteristic tables Table 5. VCC = +5V, GND = 0V, Vic=2.5V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol ICC ISTBY Parameters and test conditions Supply current No input signal, no load, both channels Standby current No input signal, VSTBY = GND Voo Output offset voltage Floating inputs, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω Po Output power THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N Total harmonic distortion + noise Po = 0.8W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω Efficiency Efficiency per channel Po = 2.2W, RL = 4Ω +15µH Po = 1.25 W, RL = 8Ω+15µH PSRR Crosstalk CMRR Min. Typ. Max. Unit 5 8 mA 0.2 2 µA 25 mV 2.2 1.35 2.8 1.65 W 0.07 % 81 89 % Power supply rejection ratio with inputs grounded Cin=1µF (1),f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, Vripple = 200mVpp 70 dB Channel separation Po = 0.9W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω 90 dB Common mode rejection ratio Cin=1µF, f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, ΔVICM = 200mVpp 70 dB Gain value G1 = G0 = VIL G1 = VIL & G0 = VIH G1 = VIH & G0 = VIL G1 = G0 = VIH 5.5 11.5 17.5 23.5 6 12 18 24 6.5 12.5 18.5 24.5 Single ended input impedance All gains, refered to ground 24 30 36 kΩ FPWM Pulse width modulator base frequency 190 280 370 kHz SNR Signal to noise ratio (A-weighting) Po = 1.3W, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω 99 tWU Wake-up time 1 tSTBY Standby time 1 Gain Zin dB dB 3 ms ms 7/30 Electrical characteristics Table 5. Symbol VN TS2012 VCC = +5V, GND = 0V, Vic=2.5V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) (continued) Parameters and test conditions Output voltage noise f = 20Hz to 20kHz, RL=8Ω Unweighted (Filterless, G=6dB) A-weighted (Filterless, G=6dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) Unweighted (Filterless, G=24dB) A-weighted (Filterless, G=24dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) Min. Typ. 63 35 60 35 115 72 109 71 Max. Unit µVRMS 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the superimposed sinus signal to VCC @ f = 217Hz. 8/30 TS2012 Table 6. Electrical characteristics VCC = +3.6V, GND = 0V, Vic=1.8V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol ICC ISTBY Parameter Typ. Max. Unit Supply current No input signal, no load, both channels 3.3 6.5 mA Standby current No input signal, VSTBY = GND 0.2 2 µA 25 mV Voo Output offset voltage Floating inputs, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω Po Output power THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N Total harmonic distortion + noise Po = 0.4W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω Efficiency Efficiency per channel Po = 1.15W, RL = 4Ω +15µH Po = 0.68W, RL = 8Ω+15µH PSRR Crosstalk CMRR Min. 1.15 0.68 1.3 0.9 W 0.05 % 80 88 % Power supply rejection ratio with inputs grounded Cin=1µF (1),f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, Vripple = 200mVpp 70 dB Channel separation Po = 0.5W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω 90 Common mode rejection ratio Cin=1µF, f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, ΔVICM = 200mVpp 70 Gain value G1 = G0 = VIL G1 = VIL & G0 = VIH G1 = VIH & G0 = VIL G1 = G0 = VIH dB 5.5 11.5 17.5 23.5 6 12 18 24 6.5 12.5 18.5 24.5 Single ended input impedance All gains, referred to ground 24 30 36 kΩ FPWM Pulse width modulator base frequency 190 280 370 kHz SNR Signal to noise ratio (A-weighting) Po = 0.65W, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω 96 tWU Wake-up time 1 tSTBY Standby time 1 Gain Zin dB dB 3 ms ms 9/30 Electrical characteristics Table 6. Symbol VN TS2012 VCC = +3.6V, GND = 0V, Vic=1.8V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) (continued) Parameter Output voltage noise f = 20Hz to 20kHz, RL=4Ω Unweighted (Filterless, G=6dB) A-weighted (Filterless, G=6dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) Unweighted (Filterless, G=24dB) A-weighted (Filterless, G=24dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) Min. Typ. 58 34 55 34 111 70 105 69 Max. Unit µVRMS 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the superimposed sinus signal to VCC @ f = 217Hz. 10/30 TS2012 Table 7. Electrical characteristics VCC = +2.5V, GND = 0V, Vic=1.25V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol ICC ISTBY Parameter Typ. Max. Unit Supply current No input signal, no load, both channels 2.8 4 mA Standby current No input signal, VSTBY = GND 0.2 2 µA 25 mV Voo Output offset voltage Floating inputs, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω Po Output power THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 1% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 4Ω THD + N = 10% max, f = 1kHz, RL = 8Ω THD + N Total harmonic distortion + noise Po = 0.2W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω Efficiency Efficiency per channel Po = 0.53W, RL = 4Ω +15µH Po = 0.32W, RL = 8Ω+15µH PSRR Crosstalk CMRR Min. 0.53 0.32 0.75 0.45 W 0.04 % 80 88 % Power supply rejection ratio with inputs grounded Cin=1µF (1),f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, Vripple = 200mVpp 70 dB Channel separation Po = 0.2W, G = 6dB, f =1kHz, RL = 8Ω 90 Common mode rejection ratio Cin=1µF, f = 217Hz, RL = 8Ω, Gain=6dB, ΔVICM = 200mVpp 70 Gain value G1 = G0 = VIL G1 = VIL & G0 = VIH G1 = VIH & G0 = VIL G1 = G0 = VIH dB 5.5 11.5 17.5 23.5 6 12 18 24 6.5 12.5 18.5 24.5 Single ended input impedance All gains, refered to ground 24 30 36 kΩ FPWM Pulse width modulator base frequency 190 280 370 kHz SNR Signal to noise ratio (A-weighting) Po = 0.3W, G = 6dB, RL = 8Ω 93 tWU Wake-up time 1 tSTBY Standby time 1 Gain Zin dB dB 3 ms ms 11/30 Electrical characteristics Table 7. VCC = +2.5V, GND = 0V, Vic=1.25V, Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol VN TS2012 Parameter Min. Output voltage noise f = 20Hz to 20kHz, RL=8Ω Unweighted (filterless, G=6dB) A-weighted (filterless, G=6dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=6dB) Unweighted (filterless, G=24dB) A-weighted (filterless, G=24dB) Unweighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) A-weighted (with LC output filter, G=24dB) Typ. Max. 57 34 54 33 110 71 104 69 Unit µVRMS 1. Dynamic measurements - 20*log(rms(Vout)/rms(Vripple)). Vripple is the superimposed sinus signal to VCC @ f = 217Hz. 3.2 Electrical characteristic curves The graphs shown in this section use the following abbreviations: ● RL+ 15µH or 30µH = pure resistor + very low series resistance inductor ● Filter = LC output filter (1µF+30µH for 4Ω and 0.5µF+60µH for 8Ω) All measurements are done with CSL=CSR=1µF and CS=100nF (see Figure 2), except for the PSRR where CSL,R is removed (see Figure 3). Figure 2. Test diagram for measurements Vcc CsL (CsR) 1μF GND CS 100nF GND RL 4 or 8 Ω Cin In+ Out+ 15 μH or 30μH 1/2 TS2012 In- or 50kHz LC Filter low-pass filter Out- Cin GND Audio Measurement Bandwith < 30kHz 12/30 5th order TS2012 Electrical characteristics Figure 3. Test diagram for PSRR measurements VCC Cs 100nF 20Hz to 20kHz Vripple GND 1 μF Cin Vcc GND RL 4 or 8 Ω Out+ In+ 15 μH or 30 μH 1/2 TS2012 In- 5th order or 50kHz LC Filter low-pass filter Out- Cin 1 μF GND GND 5th order 50kHz low-pass filter reference RMS Selective Measurement Bandwith =1% of Fmeas 13/30 Electrical characteristics Table 8. TS2012 Index of graphics Description Current consumption vs. power supply voltage Figure 4 Current consumption vs. standby voltage Figure 5 Efficiency vs. output power Figure 6 - Figure 9 Output power vs. power supply voltage Figure 10, Figure 11 PSRR vs. common mode input voltage Figure 12 PSRR vs. frequency Figure 13 CMRR vs. common mode input voltage Figure 14 CMRR vs. frequency Figure 15 Gain vs. frequency Figure 16, Figure 17 THD+N vs. output power Figure 18 - Figure 25 THD+N vs. frequency Figure 26 - Figure 37 Crosstalk vs. frequency Figure 38 - Figure 41 Power derating curves Figure 42 Startup and shutdown time 14/30 Figure Figure 43, Figure 44 TS2012 Electrical characteristics Figure 4. Current consumption vs. power supply voltage Figure 5. 6 Current consumption vs. standby voltage (one channel) 2.5 Both channels ON One channel ON 3 2 1 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 2.0 V CC=5V 1.5 V CC=2.5V 0.5 0.0 5.5 V CC =3.6V 1.0 No Load T AMB=25°C 0 1 2 Power Supply Voltage (V) Figure 6. Efficiency vs. output power Figure 7. 100 125 100 Figure 8. 0.1 Vcc=2.5V RL=4 Ω + ≥ 15 μ H F=1kHz THD+N ≤ 1% 0.2 0.3 Output Power (W) 0.4 25 500 Efficiency (%) Efficiency 60 40 0 0.00 Vcc=2.5V RL=8Ω + ≥ 15 μ H F=1kHz THD+N ≤ 1% 0.10 0.15 0.20 Output Power (W) 0.25 40 200 100 40 80 20 0.05 300 50 30 20 60 Power Dissipation 0.5 Figure 9. 100 Power Dissipation 400 0 0.0 0 0.5 Efficiency vs. output power 80 80 20 10 0 0.30 Efficiency (%) 0 0.0 50 Efficiency (%) 75 Power Dissipation (mW) 60 Power Dissipation (mW) Efficiency (%) 100 20 5 Efficiency 80 Power Dissipation 4 Efficiency vs. output power Efficiency 40 3 Standby Voltage (V) 1.0 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V RL=4Ω + ≥ 15μ H F=1kHz THD+N ≤ 1% 0 2.0 1.5 Efficiency vs. output power 200 160 Efficiency 120 60 80 40 Power Dissipation 20 0 0.0 100 Power Dissipation (mW) 4 No Loads 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V RL=8Ω + ≥ 15μ H F=1kHz THD+N ≤ 1% 1.0 1.2 40 Power Dissipation (mW) 5 Current Consumption (mA) Current Consumption (mA) T AMB =25°C 0 1.4 15/30 Electrical characteristics TS2012 Figure 10. Output power vs. power supply voltage Figure 11. Output power vs. power supply voltage 3.5 2.5 1.6 Output Power (W) Output Power (W) 3.0 2.0 RL = 4Ω + ≥ 15μ H F = 1kHz BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25°C THD+N=10% 2.0 1.5 1.0 THD+N=1% RL = 8Ω + ≥ 15μ H F = 1kHz BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25° C THD+N=10% 1.2 0.8 THD+N=1% 0.4 0.5 0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 Power Supply Voltage (V) 5.0 0.0 2.5 5.5 Figure 12. PSRR vs. common mode input voltage Vcc=3V -20 Vcc=5V PSRR (dB) PSRR(dB) Vcc=2.5V Gain=24dB -40 Gain=6dB -50 -30 -40 Gain=24dB -60 -70 -70 -80 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 20 5.0 100 Common Mode Input Voltage (V) Δ Vicm=200mVpp, Vcc = 2.5, 3.6, 5V RL ≥ 4Ω + ≥ 15μ H, Cin=1μ F, Tamb=25° C -10 -20 Vcc=2.5V Gain=24dB CMRR (dB) CMRR(dB) 20k 0 Δ Vicm=200mVpp, F = 217Hz RL ≥ 4Ω + ≥ 15μ H, Tamb = 25° C -20 Vcc=3V Gain=6dB Vcc=5V -50 -30 -40 Gain=24dB Gain=6dB -50 -60 -60 -70 -70 -80 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Common Mode Input Voltage (V) 16/30 10k Figure 15. CMRR vs. frequency 0 -80 0.0 1k Frequency (Hz) Figure 14. CMRR vs. common mode input voltage -40 Gain=6dB -50 -60 -30 5.5 Inputs grounded, Vripple = 200mVpp RL ≥ 4Ω + ≥ 15μ H, Cin=1μ F, Tamb=25 ° C Vcc = 2.5, 3.6, 5V -10 -30 -10 5.0 0 Vripple = 200mVpp, F = 217Hz RL ≥ 4Ω + ≥ 15μ H, Tamb = 25° C -20 -80 0.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 Power Supply Voltage (V) Figure 13. PSRR vs. frequency 0 -10 3.0 4.5 5.0 20 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 10k 20k TS2012 Electrical characteristics Figure 16. Gain vs. frequency Figure 17. Gain vs. frequency 26 8 no load no load 24 Gain (dB) Gain (dB) 6 4 RL=8Ω +15μ H 22 RL=8Ω +15μ H RL=8Ω +30μ H RL=8Ω +30μ H Gain = 6dB Vin = 500mV Cin = 4.7μ F T AMB = 25° C 2 0 20 RL=4Ω +15μ H RL=4Ω +30μ H 18 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 10k 20k Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 100 1k 10k 20k 10 RL = 4 Ω + 15 μ H F = 1kHz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25 ° C Vcc=2.5V 0.1 1 RL = 4 Ω + 30 μ H F = 1kHz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25° C Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V Vcc=2.5V 0.1 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 1E-3 3 Figure 20. THD+N vs. output power 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 3 Figure 21. THD+N vs. output power 10 10 RL = 8 Ω + 15 μ H F = 1kHz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25 ° C Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V THD + N (%) THD + N (%) RL=4Ω +30μ H Figure 19. THD+N vs. output power 10 1 20 RL=4Ω +15μ H Frequency (Hz) Figure 18. THD+N vs. output power 1 Gain = 24dB Vin = 5mV Cin = 4.7 μ F T AMB = 25° C 20 Vcc=2.5V 0.1 1E-3 1 RL = 8Ω + 30μ H F = 1kHz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25° C Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V Vcc=2.5V 0.1 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 2 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 2 17/30 Electrical characteristics TS2012 Figure 22. THD+N vs. output power Figure 23. THD+N vs. output power 10 10 THD + N (%) 1 Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V THD + N (%) RL = 4Ω + 15μ H F = 100Hz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25° C Vcc=2.5V 0.01 1E-3 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 0.01 1E-3 3 Figure 24. THD+N vs. output power Vcc=2.5V 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) Vcc=5V THD + N (%) Vcc=3.6V Vcc=2.5V 0.1 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 1 RL = 8 Ω + 30 μ H F = 100Hz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25 ° C Vcc=5V Vcc=3.6V Vcc=2.5V 0.01 1E-3 2 Figure 26. THD+N vs. frequency 0.01 0.1 Output Power (W) 1 2 Figure 27. THD+N vs. frequency 10 10 Po=0.4W RL=4Ω + 30μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=2.5V Tamb = 25° C 1 THD + N (%) RL=4Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=2.5V Tamb = 25° C 0.1 Po=0.4W 0.1 Po=0.2W Po=0.2W 18/30 3 0.1 0.01 1E-3 0.01 1 10 RL = 8 Ω + 15 μ H F = 100Hz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25 ° C 1 THD + N (%) Vcc=3.6V Figure 25. THD+N vs. output power 10 THD + N (%) Vcc=5V 0.1 0.1 1 1 RL = 4 Ω + 30 μ H F = 100Hz G = 6dB BW < 30kHz Tamb = 25 ° C 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k 0.01 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k TS2012 Electrical characteristics Figure 28. THD+N vs. frequency Figure 29. THD+N vs. frequency 10 10 RL=8Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=2.5V Tamb = 25° C Po=0.2W 1 THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 1 RL=8Ω + 30 μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=2.5V Tamb = 25° C 0.1 Po=0.2W 0.1 Po=0.1W Po=0.1W 0.01 20 100 10000 20k 1000 Frequency (Hz) Figure 30. THD+N vs. frequency 0.01 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k Figure 31. THD+N vs. frequency 10 10 RL=4Ω + 30μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=3.6V Tamb = 25° C Po=0.9W 1 THD + N (%) RL=4Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=3.6V Tamb = 25° C 1 THD + N (%) 20 0.1 Po=0.9W 0.1 Po=0.45W Po=0.45W 0.01 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k Figure 32. THD+N vs. frequency 0.01 1000 Frequency (Hz) RL=8Ω + 30μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=3.6V Tamb = 25°C Po=0.5W 1 0.1 Po=0.5W 0.1 Po=0.25W 0.01 10000 20k 10 RL=8Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=3.6V Tamb = 25°C THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 100 Figure 33. THD+N vs. frequency 10 1 20 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k Po=0.25W 0.01 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k 19/30 Electrical characteristics TS2012 Figure 34. THD+N vs. frequency Figure 35. THD+N vs. frequency 10 10 THD + N (%) 1 RL=4Ω + 30μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=5V Tamb = 25° C Po=1.5W 1 THD + N (%) RL=4Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=5V Tamb = 25° C 0.1 Po=1.5W 0.1 Po=0.75W Po=0.75W 0.01 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 0.01 10000 20k Figure 36. THD+N vs. frequency 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10 RL=8Ω + 30μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=5V Tamb = 25° C Po=0.9W 1 THD + N (%) RL=8Ω + 15μ H G=6dB BW < 30kHz Vcc=5V Tamb = 25° C 1 0.1 Po=0.9W 0.1 Po=0.45W 0.01 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) Po=0.45W 0.01 10000 20k Figure 38. Crosstalk vs. frequency 20 100 1000 Frequency (Hz) 10000 20k Figure 39. Crosstalk vs. frequency 0 0 Vcc=2.5, 3.6, 5V RL=4Ω +30 μ H Gain = 6dB T AMB = 25° C -40 R -> L -60 Vcc=2.5, 3.6, 5V RL=8Ω +30μ H Gain = 6dB TAMB = 25° C -20 Crosstalk (dB) -20 Crosstalk (dB) 10000 20k Figure 37. THD+N vs. frequency 10 THD + N (%) 20 -80 -100 -40 -60 R -> L -80 -100 L -> R L -> R -120 20 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 20/30 10k 20k -120 20 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 10k 20k TS2012 Electrical characteristics Figure 40. Crosstalk vs. frequency Figure 41. Crosstalk vs. frequency 0 0 Vcc = 2.5, 3.6, 5V RL = 4Ω +30μ H Gain = 24dB T AMB = 25° C -40 R -> L -60 -80 -100 -120 100 1k 10k 20k Frequency (Hz) R -> L -60 -80 -120 L -> R 20 100 1k 20k 10k Frequency (Hz) Figure 42. Power derating curves QFN20 Package Power Dissipation (W) -40 -100 L -> R 20 Vcc=2.5, 3.6, 5V RL=8Ω +30μ H Gain = 24dB TAMB = 25° C -20 Crosstalk (dB) Crosstalk (dB) -20 Figure 43. Startup and shutdown phase VCC=5V, G=6dB, Cin=1µF, inputs grounded 3.5 3.0 With 4-layer PCB 2.5 2.0 No Heat sink 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ambient Temperature (° C) Figure 44. Startup and shutdown phase VCC=5V, G=6dB, Cin=1µF, Vin=2Vpp, F=10kHz 21/30 Application information TS2012 4 Application information 4.1 Differential configuration principle The TS2012 is a monolithic fully-differential input/output class D power amplifier. The TS2012 also includes a common-mode feedback loop that controls the output bias value to average it at VCC/2 for any DC common mode input voltage. This allows the device to always have a maximum output voltage swing, and by consequence, maximize the output power. Moreover, as the load is connected differentially compared with a single-ended topology, the output is four times higher for the same power supply voltage. The advantages of a full-differential amplifier are: 4.2 ● High PSRR (power supply rejection ratio) ● High common mode noise rejection ● Virtually zero pop without additional circuitry, giving a faster start-up time compared with conventional single-ended input amplifiers ● Easier interfacing with differential output audio DAC ● No input coupling capacitors required thanks to common mode feedback loop Gain settings In the flat region of the frequency-response curve (no input coupling capacitor or internal feedback loop + load effect), the differential gain can be set to 6, 12 18, 24 dB depending on the logic level of the G0 and G1 pins, as shown in Table 9. Table 9. Gain settings with G0 and G1 pins G1 G0 Gain (dB) Gain (V/V) 0 0 6 2 0 1 12 4 1 0 18 8 1 1 24 16 Note: Between pins G0, G1 and GND there is an internal 300kΩ (+/-20%) resistor. When the pins are floating, the gain is 6 dB. In full standby (left and right channels OFF), these resistors are disconnected (HiZ input). 4.3 Common mode feedback loop limitations As explained previously, the common mode feedback loop allows the output DC bias voltage to be averaged at VCC/2 for any DC common mode bias input voltage. Due to the Vic limitation of the input stage (see Table 2: Operating conditions on page 4), the common mode feedback loop can fulfil its role only within the defined range. 22/30 TS2012 4.4 Application information Low frequency response If a low frequency bandwidth limitation is required, it is possible to use input coupling capacitors. In the low frequency region, the input coupling capacitor Cin starts to have an effect. Cin forms, with the input impedance Zin, a first order high-pass filter with a -3dB cutoff frequency (see Table 5 to Table 7): 1 F CL = ------------------------------------------2 ⋅ π ⋅ Z in ⋅ C in So, for a desired cut-off frequency FCL Cin is calculated as follows: 1 C in = ---------------------------------------------2 ⋅ π ⋅ Z in ⋅ F CL with FCL in Hz, Zin in Ω and Cin in F. The input impedance Zin is for the whole power supply voltage range, typically 30kΩ . There is also a tolerance around the typical value (see Table 5 to Table 7). You can also calculate the tolerance of the FCL: 4.5 ● F CLmax = 1.103 ⋅ F CL ● F CLmin = 0.915 ⋅ F CL Decoupling of the circuit Power supply capacitors, referred to as CS,CSL,CSR are needed to correctly bypass the TS2012. The TS2012 has a typical switching frequency of 280kHz and output fall and rise time about 5ns. Due to these very fast transients, careful decoupling is mandatory. A 1µF ceramic capacitor between each PVCC and PGND and also between AVCC and AGND is enough, but they must be located very close to the TS2012 in order to avoid any extra parasitic inductance created by a long track wire. Parasitic loop inductance, in relation with di/dt, introduces overvoltage that decreases the global efficiency of the device and may cause, if this parasitic inductance is too high, a TS2012 breakdown. In addition, even if a ceramic capacitor has an adequate high frequency ESR value, its current capability is also important. A 0603 size is a good compromise, particularly when a 4Ω load is used. Another important parameter is the rated voltage of the capacitor. A 1µF/6.3V capacitor used at 5V, loses about 50% of its value. With a power supply voltage of 5V, the decoupling value, instead of 1µF, could be reduced to 0.5µF. As CS has particular influence on the THD+N in the medium to high frequency region, this capacitor variation becomes decisive. In addition, less decoupling means higher overshoots which can be problematic if they reach the power supply AMR value (6V). 23/30 Application information 4.6 TS2012 Wake-up time (twu) When the standby is released to set the device ON, there is a delay of 1ms typically. The TS2012 has an internal digital delay that mutes the outputs and releases them after this time in order to avoid any pop noise. Note: The gain increases smoothly (see Figure 44) from the mute to the gain selected by the G1 and G0 pin (Section 4.2). 4.7 Shutdown time When the standby command is set, the time required to set the output stage considered into high impedance and to put the internal circuitry in shutdown mode, is typically 1ms. This time is used to decrease the gain and avoid any pop noise during shutdown. Note: The gain decreases smoothly until the outputs are muted (see Figure 44). 4.8 Consumption in shutdown mode Between the shutdown pin and GND there is an internal 300kΩ (+-/20%) resistor. This resistor forces the TS2012 to be in shutdown when the shutdown input is left floating. However, this resistor also introduces additional shutdown power consumption if the shutdown pin voltage is not 0V. With a 0.4V shutdown voltage pin for example, you must add 0.4V/300kΩ=1.3µA in typical (0.4V/240kΩ=1.66µA in maximum for each shutdown pin) to the standby current specified in Table 5 to Table 7. Of course, this current will be provided by the external control device for standby pins. 4.9 Single-ended input configuration It is possible to use the TS2012 in a single-ended input configuration. However, input coupling capacitors are mandatory in this configuration. The schematic diagram in Figure 45 shows a typical single-ended input application. 24/30 TS2012 Application information Figure 45. Typical application for single-ended input configuration Cs VCC 100nF CsL 1μ F VCC VCC CsR 1μF Gain Select Control TS2012 LIN + Cin LIN - PVCC Cin PVCC AVCC Left Input H Gain PWM Select Bridge LOUT+ LOUT- Left speaker G0 Oscillator G1 STBY L STBY R Gain H PWM Select Bridge ROUT+ ROUT- Right speaker Standby Control PGND Cin RIN - PGND Cin AGND RIN + Right Input Standby Control 4.10 Output filter considerations The TS2012 is designed to operate without an output filter. However, due to very sharp transients on the TS2012 output, EMI radiated emissions may cause some standard compliance issues. These EMI standard compliance issues can appear if the distance between the TS2012 outputs and loudspeaker terminal are long (typically more than 50mm, or 100mm in both directions, to the speaker terminals). As the PCB layout and internal equipment device are different for each configuration, it is difficult to provide a one-size-fits-all solution. However, to decrease the probability of EMI issues, there are several simple rules to follow: ● Reduce, as much as possible, the distance between the TS2012 output pins and the speaker terminals. ● Use a ground plane for “shielding” sensitive wires. ● Place, as close as possible to the TS2012 and in series with each output, a ferrite bead with a rated current of minimum 2.5A and impedance greater than 50Ω at frequencies above 30MHz. If, after testing, these ferrite beads are not necessary, replace them by a short-circuit. ● Allow extra footprint to place, if necessary, a capacitor to short perturbations to ground (see Figure 46). 25/30 Application information TS2012 Figure 46. Ferrite chip bead placement From output Ferrite chip bead to speaker about 100pF gnd In the case where the distance between the TS2012 output and the speaker terminals is too long, it is possible to have low frequency EMI issues due to the fact that the typical operating frequency is 280kHz. In this configuration, it is necessary to use the output filter represented in Figure 1 on page 5 as close as possible to the TS2012. 26/30 TS2012 5 Package information Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 47. QFN20 package mechanical drawing 27/30 Package information TS2012 Table 10. QFN20 package mechanical data Dimensions in mm Ref Min Typ Max 0.8 0.9 1 A1 0.02 0.05 A2 0.65 1 A3 0.25 A b 0.18 0.23 0.3 D 3.85 4 4.15 D2 E 2.6 3.85 E2 4 4.15 2.6 e 0.45 0.5 0.55 L 0.3 0.4 0.5 ddd 0.08 Figure 48. QFN20 package footprint FOOTPRINT DATA (mm) A 4.55 B 4.55 C 0.50 D 0.35 E 0.65 F 2.45 G 0.40 Note: 28/30 The QFN20 package has an exposed pad E2 x D2. For enhanced thermal performance, the exposed pad must be soldered to a copper area on the PCB, acting as a heatsink. This copper area can be electrically connected to pin 4, 12, 18 (PGND, AGND) or left floating. TS2012 6 Ordering information Ordering information Table 11. Order code Part number TS2012IQT 7 Temperature range Package Packaging Marking -40°C to +85°C QFN20 Tape & reel K12 Revision history Table 12. Document revision history Date Revision 17-Dec-2007 1 Changes First release. 29/30 TS2012 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. 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