Download Data Sheet

JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
FEATURES
• High Efficiency up to 92%
• 4:1 Wide Input Voltage Range: 18-75 VDC
• ±24VDC Dual Output
• 1600VDC I/O Isolation
• Remote ON/OFF Control
• Short Circuit, Over Voltage, Over Current, & Over Temp. Protection
• Six-Sided Continuous Shielding
• Wide Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +100°C
• Ultra Low Quiescent Current
• Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2011/65/EU
• No Minimum Load Requirements
• UL60950-1, EN60950-1, & IEC60950-1 Safety Approvals
• 30 Watts Maximum Output Power
• Optional Heatsink Available (Suffix “HC”)
DESCRIPTION
Size:
1.00 x 1.00 x 0.39 inches
25.4 x 25.4 x 9.9 mm
Weight:
0.58oz (16.5g)
Options:
• Negative Logic Remote ON/OFF
• Without CTRL Pin
• Heatsink
The JFCW48D24-30 is a DC/DC power converter that provides 30 Watts of output power in an industry
standard 1.00” x 1.00” x 0.39” package and footprint. This model has a ±24VDC dual output and a 4:1 wide
input voltage ranges of 18-75VDC. Some features include high efficiency up to 92%, 1600VDC I/O isolation, sixsided shielding, and remote ON/OFF control. This converter is also protected against short circuit, over load,
over voltage, and over temperature conditions. The JFCW48D24-30 is RoHS compliant and has UL60950-1,
EN60950-1, and IEC60950-1 safety approvals. This converter is best suited for use in wireless networks, industry
control systems, telecom/datacom, and semiconductor equipment.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL NO.: JFCW48D24-30
All specifications are based on 25°C, Nominal Input Voltage, and Maximum Output Current unless otherwise noted.
We reserve the right to change specifications based on technological advances.
SPECIFICATION
TEST CONDITIONS
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
18
48
75
100
VDC
INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Continuous
1 sec max.
Transient
Input Standby Current
Nominal Vin and no load
Turn-on Threshold
Under Voltage Lockout
Turn-off threshold
Input Reflected Ripple Current (see page 9) 5 to 20MHz, 12µH source impedance
Input Current
No Load
Input Filter
OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Output Voltage
Nominal Vin, full load, Ta=25°C
Line Regulation
Low line to high line at full load
No load to full load
Load Regulation
10% load to 90% load
Cross Regulation
Asymmetrical load 25% / 100% FL
Output Voltage Overshoot
Minimum Vin to maximum Vin, full load, Ta=25°C
Output Power
Output Current
Minimum Load
Maximum Capacitive Load
Minimum input and constant resistive load
Ripple & Noise (see page 9)
20MHz BW; with 4.7µF/50V X7R 1812 MLCC for each output
Power Up
Start-Up Time
Nominal Vin and constant resistive load
Remote ON/OFF
Temperature Coefficient
REMOTE ON/OFF (See page 8)
DC/DC ON
Positive Logic (standard)
The Ctrl pin voltage is referenced to –Input pin
DC/DC OFF
DC/DC ON
Negative Logic (optional)
The Ctrl pin voltage is referenced to –Input pin
DC/DC OFF
Input Current of Remote Control Pin
Nominal Vin
Remote OFF State Input Current
Nominal Vin
DYNAMIC RESPONSE
Peak Deviation
Nominal Vin, Ta=25°C, Load Step change from 75% to 100% or 100% to 75%
Setting Time (Vout < 10% peak deviation) Nominal Vin, Ta=25°C, Load Step change from 75% to 100% or 100% to 75%
Input Voltage Range
05/20/2014
10
mA
18
VDC
16
30
10
mAp-p
mA
Pi type
±23.76
-0.5
-1.0
-0.8
-5.0
±24
±24.24
+0.5
+1.0
+0.8
+5.0
5
30
±625
0
75
-0.02
-0.5
±180
100
30
30
+0.02
Open or 3V ~ 15 VDC
Short or 0 ~ 1.2 VDC
Short or 0 ~ 1.2 VDC
Open or 3V ~ 15 VDC
1.0
2.0
3
250
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
VDC
%
%
%
%
%Vout
W
mA
%
µF
mVp-p
ms
%/°C
mA
mA
% of Vo
µs
Page 1 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL NO.: JFCW48D24-30
All specifications are based on 25°C, Nominal Input Voltage, and Maximum Output Current unless otherwise noted.
We reserve the right to change specifications based on technological advances.
SPECIFICATION
TEST CONDITIONS
PROTECTION
Short Circuit Protection (see page 7)
Over Current Protection (see page 7)
Over Voltage Protection (See page 7)
Over Temperature Protection
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Efficiency
Switching Frequency
Min
Typ
Max
continuous, automatic recovery
170
% of FL
58.5
64.5
VDC
+115
°C
Zener diode clamp
Nominal Vin, full load, Ta=25°C
Input to Output
Input to Case
Output to Case
Isolation Voltage
1 minute
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
500VDC
Operating Ambient Temperature
Vertical direction by natural convection (20LFM)
92
330
297
1600
1000
1000
1
VDC
Without derating
With derating
-40
+50
GΩ
pF
+50
+100
+105
+125
-55
Without Heatsink
With Heatsink
Natural Convection (20LFM)
Relative Humidity
Thermal Shock
Vibration
MTBF
PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Weight
Dimensions (L x W x H)
Case Material
Base Material
Potting Material
Shielding
SAFETY & EMC CHARACTERISTICS
Safety Approvals
EMI (See page 11)
%
kHz
363
1500
Maximum Case Temperature
Storage Temperature
Thermal Impedance
Unit
°C
°C
°C
15.0
13.8
5
MIL-HDBK-217F, Tc=70°C, full load
°C/W
95
MIL-STD-810F
MIL-STD-810F
1,259,000 hours
% RH
0.58oz (16.5g)
1.00x1.00x0.39 inch (25.4x25.4x9.9 mm)
Copper
FR4 PCB
Silicon (UL94-V0)
Six-sided
IEC60950-1, UL60950-1, EN60950-1
Class A, Class B
EN55022
ESD
EN61000-4-2
Radiated Immunity
Fast Transient (See page 12)
Surge (See page 12)
Conducted Immunity
EN61000-4-3
EN61000-4-4
EN61000-4-5
EN61000-4-6
Air ±8kV
Contact ±6kV
10 V/m
±2kV
±2kV
10 Vrms
Perf. Criteria A
Perf. Criteria A
Perf. Criteria A
Perf. Criteria A
Perf. Criteria A
CONDUCTED EMISSIONS
Conducted Emissions of EN55022 Class A
100
Conducted Emissions of EN55022 Class B
Level (dbuv)
100
90
90
80
cispr class-a
cispr class-b
80
70
70
-13dB
60
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0.15 0.2
0.5
1
2
Frequency (MHz)
5
Nominal Vin and full load
05/20/2014
10
20
30
-10dB
60
50
0
Level (dbuv)
0
0.15 0.2
0.5
1
2
Frequency (MHz)
5
10
20
30
Nominal Vin and full load
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 2 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
DERATING CURVES
Derating Curve with Heatsink
120
120
100
100
Output Power (%)
Output Power (%)
Derating Curve
80
60
40
Natural Convection
100LFM
200LFM
300LFM
400LFM
500LFM
20
0
-40
80
60
40
Natural Convection
100LFM
200LFM
300LFM
400LFM
500LFM
20
0
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-40
120
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
CHARACTERISTIC CURVES
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
96
96
89
89
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency vs Output Current
82
75
68
Vin=18V
Vin=24V
Vin=48V
Vin=75V
61
82
75
68
61
54
54
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
66
72
75
Input Voltage (VDC)
% of Full Load
Power Dissipation vs Output Current
Power Dissipation (W)
6
5
4
3
2
Vin=18V
Vin=24V
Vin=48V
Vin=75V
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
% of Full Load
05/20/2014
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 3 of 13
Wall Industries, Inc.
Rev A
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
CHARACTERISTIC CURVES
Typical Output Ripple & Noise
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from
100% to 75% to 100% of Full load
nominal Vin and full load
nominal Vin and full load
Typical Input Start-up and Output Rise Characteristics
Using ON/OFF Voltage Start-up and Output Rise Characteristics
nominal Vin and full load
nominal Vin and full load
05/20/2014
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 4 of 13
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
MECHANICAL DRAWING
HEATSINK OPTIONS
Heatsink + Clamp (Suffix “HC”)
Unit: inches (mm)
05/20/2014
Heatsink (Suffix “H”)
Unit: inches (mm)
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 5 of 13
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
RECOMMENDED PAD LAYOUT
SOLDERING & REFLOW CONSIDERATIONS
Lead-free wave solder profile for JFCW30 seies DIP type.
T1 + T2
260°C MAX
Temperature (°C)
300
First Wave
250
Second Wave
Hand Welding:
Soldering Iron: Power 150W
Welding Time: 2~4 sec
Temp.: 380~400°C
200
Preheat Zone
150
Reference Solder: Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Cu
100
50
0
0
100
200
Time (sec)
Zone
Preheat Zone
Actual Heating
05/20/2014
Reference Parameter
Rise Temp. speed: 3°C / sec max.
Preheat Temp: 100~130°C
Rise Temp.: 250~260°C
Preheat Temp (T1+T2 time): 4~6 sec
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 6 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Output Over Current Protection
When excessive output current occurs in the system, circuit protection is required on all power supplies. Normally, over load current is maintained at
approximately 170% of rated current for the JFCW30 series.
Hiccup-mode is a method of operation in a power supply whose purpose is to protect the power supply from being damaged during an over current
fault condition. It also enables the power supply to restart when the fault condition is removed. There are other ways of protecting the power supply
when it is over-loaded, such as the maximum current limiting or current fold-back methods.
One of the problems resulting from over current is that excessive heat may be generated in the power devices; especially MOSFET and Schottky
diodes and the temperature of those devices may exceed their specified limits. A protection mechanism has to be used to prevent those power
devices from being damaged.
The operation of hiccup is as follows. When the current sense circuit sees an over-current event, the controller shuts off the power supply for a given
time and then tries to start up the power supply again. If the over-load condition has been removed, the power supply will start up and operate
normally; otherwise, the controller will see another over-current event and shut off the power supply again, repeating the previous cycle. Hiccup
operation has none of the drawbacks of the other two protection methods, although its circuit is more complicated because it requires a timing
circuit. The excess heat due to overload lasts for only a short duration in the hiccup cycle, hence the junction temperature of the power devices is
much lower.
The hiccup operation can be done in various ways. (1) One can start hiccup operation at any time an over-current event is detected, (2) or prohibit
hiccup during a designated start-up which is usually larger than during normal operation and it is easier for an over-current event to be detected, (3)
or prohibit hiccup during a designated start-up interval (usually a few milliseconds). The reason for the (3) operation is that during start-up, the
power supply needs to provide extra current to charge up the output capacitor. Thus the current demand during start-up is usually larger than
during normal operation and it is easier for an over-current event to occur. If the power supply starts to hiccup once there is an over-current, it might
never start up successfully. Hiccup mode protection will give the best protection for a power supply against over current situations since it will limit
the average current to the load at a low level, so reducing power dissipation and case temperature in the power devices.
Output Over Voltage Protection
The output over voltage protection consists of a Zener diode that monitors the output voltage on the feedback loop. If the voltage on the output
terminals exceeds the over voltage protection threshold, then the Zener diode will send a current signal to the control IC to limit the output voltage.
Input Source Impedance
The power module should be connected to a low impedance input source. Highly inductive source impedance can affect the stability of the power
module. Input external Pi filter is recommended to minimize input reflected ripple current. The inductor is simulated source impedance of 12μH and
capacitor is Nippon chemi-con KZE series 10μF/100V and 10μF/100V. The capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the input terminals of the
power module for lower impedance.
Short Circuit Protection
Continuous, auto-recovery mode.
During a short circuit the converter will shut down. The average current during this condition will be very low and the device can be handled safely
in this condition.
Thermal Considerations
The power module operates in a variety of thermal environments. However, sufficient cooling should be provided to help ensure reliable operation
of the unit. Heat is removed by conduction, convention, and radiation to the surrounding environment. Proper cooling can be verified by measuring
the point shown in the figure below. The temperature at this location should not exceed 105°C. When operating, adequate cooling must be
provided to maintain the test point temperature at or below 105°C. Although the maximum point temperature of the power modules is 105°C, you
can limit this temperature to a lower value for extremely high reliability.
0.50 [12.7]
Unit: inches [mm]
0.50 [12.7]
05/20/2014
Temp. Test Point
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 7 of 13
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
REMOTE ON/OFF CONTROL
The CTRL pin allows the user to turn the DC/DC power module on and off from a remote switch device. The ON/OFF input can be switched by a
number of switching devices. Figure 2 gives several examples of acceptable configurations. The remote ON/OFF switch is activated by the
voltage difference between the ON/OFF pin and the –Vin pin (with –Vin as the reference voltage). The user-supplied switch must be capable of
sinking up to 1mA of current at low-level logic voltage. The leakage current of the user-supplied switch must be 50µA or less at 15Vdc.
There are two remote control options available: Positive Logic and Negative Logic
a. The positive logic structure turns the converter ON when the CTRL pin is at high-level logic and turns the converter OFF when the CTRL pin is
at low-level logic.
Converter Turned ON at High-Level Logic
Converter Turned OFF at Low-Level logic
b. The negative logic structure turns the converter ON when the CTRL pin is at low-level logic and turns the converter OFF when the CTRL pin is
at high-level logic.
Converter Turned ON at Low-Level Logic
Converter Turned OFF at High-Level logic
Remote ON/OFF Implementation
Isolated Closure Remote ON/OFF
05/20/2014
Level Control Using TTL Output
Level Control Using Line Voltage
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 8 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
TEST SETUP
Input Reflected-Ripple Current Measurement Test Setup
Component
Value
Voltage
L1
12µH
-
-
100V
Aluminum
Electrolytic Capacitor
C1, C2
10µF
Reference
Peak-to-Peak Output Ripple & Noise Measurement Test Setup
05/20/2014
Correct Method
Incorrect Method
Probe contacts to the pins directly
Ground ring is connected to the pin by a wire that induces noise
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 9 of 13
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
TEST SETUP
Output Voltage and Efficiency Measurement Setup
Voltage meters should be connected to the input or output terminals directly; otherwise, voltage drop of contact and distribution losses can
cause the measurements to be incorrect.
Output Voltage Accuracy =
Line Regulation = Max.
Load Regulation =
Cross Regulation =
Efficiency =
05/20/2014
Vout – Vout,typ.
x 100%
Vout,typ.
Vout(Low-Line) – Vout(Nom.-Line)
Vout(High-Line) – Vout(Nom.-Line)
x 100%,
x 100%
Vout(Nom.-Line)
Vout(Nom.-Line)
Vout(Min. Load) – Vout(Full Load)
x 100%
Vout(Full load)
Vout1(25% of Full Load) – Vout1(Full Load)
x 100%; Vout2(25% of Full Load)
Vout1(Full load)
Max.1
Vout1(25% of Full Load) – Vout1(Full Load)
x 100%; Vout2(Full Load)
Vout1(Full load)
Vout2(25% of Full Load) – Vout2(Full Load)
x 100%; Vout1(25% of Full Load)
Vout2(Full load)
Max.2
Vout2(25% of Full Load) – Vout2(Full Load)
x 100%; Vout1(Full Load)
Vout2(Full load)
Vout x Iout
x 100%
Vin x Iin
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 10 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
EMI CONSIDERATIONS
Recommended Filter for EN55022 Class A Compliance
Recommended Filter for EN55022 Class B Compliance
C5
L1
L1
+Vin
+INPUT
+Vout
+Vin
+INPUT
+Vout
LOAD
C1
LOAD
C1
DC/DC Com
CONVERTER
C2
C3
DC/DC
Com
CONVERTER
LOAD
-Vin
-INPUT
LOAD
-Vout
-Vin
-INPUT
-Vout
C4
Model
JFCW48D24-30
C1
L1
4.7µF/100V
1812 MLCC
10µH
SMD Inductor
PMT-070
Model
JFCW48D24-30
Recommended EN55022 Class A Filter Circuit Layout
C1, C2, C3
4.7µF/100V
1812 MLCC
C4, C5
L1
2200pF/2kV
1206 MLCC
10µF
SMD Inductor
PMT-070
Recommended EN55022 Class B Filter Circuit Layout
Common Mode Chokes
PMT-070
7.0±0.3
Inductance: 10µH±20%
PMT-097
Unit: mm
Inductance: 2.2µH±20%
Rated Current: 2.6A
Rated Current: 11A
2.1 ref.
7.8±0.3
Impedance: 12mΩ
4.2 max.
Impedance: 40mΩ
Unit: mm
7.6 max.
6.5±0.3
2.5
1.6±0.3
1.2±0.3
3.00 2.00 3.00
5.0±0.5
PCB PATTERN
6.5±0.3
PCB PATTERN
3.00
8.5
7.50
05/20/2014
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 11 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
EMS CONSIDERATIONS
The JFCW30 series can meet Fast Transient EN61000-4-4 and Surge EN61000-4-5 performance criteria A with external components connected to
the input terminals of the module. Please see the schematic below.
Surge
Fast Transient
Component
Value
Voltage
Reference
Component
Value
Voltage
Reference
C1
220µF
100V
Nippon chemi-con KY series
C1
220µF
100V
Nippon chemi-con KY series
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Tube
Tray & Box
05/20/2014
Model Type
Packing Material
Quantity
Without Heatsink
Tube
10 PCS / TUBE
With Heatsink
Tray
20 PCS / TRAY
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 12 of 13
JFCW48D24-30
30 Watt DC/DC Power Converter
Rev A
Wall Industries, Inc.
SAFETY & INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
Fusing Considerations
CAUTION: This power module is not internally fused. An input line fuse must always be used. This encapsulated power module can be used in a
wide variety of applications, ranging from simple stand-alone operation to an integrated part of sophisticated power architecture. To maximum
flexibility, internal fusing is not included; however, to achieve maximum safety and system protection, always use an input line fuse. The safety
agencies require a normal-blow fuse with maximum rating of 3A for JFCW48D24-30 modules. Based on the information provided in this data sheet
on Inrush energy and maximum DC input current; the same type of fuse with lower rating can be used. Refer to the fuse manufacturer’s data for
further information.
MODEL NUMBER SETUP
JFCW
48
D
24
Series Name
Input Voltage
Output Quantity
24: 9-36 VDC
D: Dual Output
48: 18-75 VDC
-
30
R
H
Ouptut Voltage
Output Power
Remote ON/OFF, CTRL Pins
Heatsink
12: ±12 VDC
30: 30 Watts
None: Positive Logic
15: ±15 VDC
R: Negative Logic
24: ±24 VDC
D: Without CTRL Pin
None: No Heatsink
H: Heatsink
HC: Heatsink + Clamp
COMPANY INFORMATION
Wall Industries, Inc. has created custom and modified units for over 50 years. Our in-house research and development engineers will provide
a solution that exceeds your performance requirements on-time and on budget. Our ISO9001-2008 certification is just one example of our
commitment to producing a high quality, well-documented product for our customers.
Our past projects demonstrate our commitment to you, our customer. Wall Industries, Inc. has a reputation for working closely with its
customers to ensure each solution meets or exceeds form, fit and function requirements. We will continue to provide ongoing support for
your project above and beyond the design and production phases. Give us a call today to discuss your future projects.
Contact Wall Industries for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
05/20/2014
(603)778-2300
(888)597-9255
(603)778-9797
[email protected]
www.wallindustries.com
37 Industrial Drive
Exeter, NH 03833
Wall Industries, Inc. • 37 Industrial Drive, Exeter, NH 03833 • Tel: 603-778-2300 • Toll Free: 888-597-9255 • Fax 603-778-9797
website: www.wallindustries.com • e-mail: [email protected]
Page 13 of 13