LC709203F Application Note

ON Semiconductor®
SSG Division
Battery Fuel Gauge IC (LC709203F)
Battery Fuel Gauge IC for 1-Cell Lithium-ion (Li+)
Application Note
Ver2.00
Battery Fuel Gauge IC (LC709203F)
Application Note
1.
2.
3.
4.
Introduction
Features
Pin Assignment
Performance Specifications
4.1 Application Field
4.2 Electrical Characteristics
4.3 Communication Protocol
4.4 Note on Electrical Characteristics
4.5 About matters that require attention in the board making
4.6 Example of Standard Use of the Application
4.7 About Alarm Function
5. Schematic
6. Evaluation Board
7. Board Layout
8. Bill of materials
9. Performance Data
9.1 Discharge1: Current Charge (250mA  1500mA)
9.2 Discharge2: Current Charge (1100mA  500mA)
9.3 Discharge3: Pulse Discharge (1250mA  1750mA)
9.4 Discharge4: Neglect (750mA, 20min Neglect, 750mA)
9.5 Discharge5: Standby Current (8mA)
9.6 Discharge6: Constant Watt (3.76W)
1. Introduction
The LC709203F is an IC that measures the remaining power level of 1-cell lithium-ion (Li+) batteries used for portable
equipment etc.
This product reduces fuel gauge errors with a unique correction technology during measurement of battery temperature and
voltage.
This technology has inherently high precision without the need for an external sense
2. Features
 Delivering the industry’s leading accuracy of ±3% for the battery fuel gauge detection allows high
accuracy estimation of the remaining operating time.
 Quiescentis a very low 15µA.
 Since a high-cost external resistor for current detection is not required, both BOM cost and substrate size
are reduced.
3. Pin Assignment
SCL
SDA
TSENSE
TSW
VDFN8 (4.03.0)
Top view
8
7
6
5
WLP9 (1.761.60)
Bottom view
VDFN8
WLP9
VSS
VDD
3
SCL
NC
ALARMB
2
1
3
4
SDA
TEST
VSS
VDD
2
TSW
ALARMB
1
TEST
LC709203F
TSENSE
C
B
A
Pin Name
I/O
Description
Test pin
1
1B
TEST
I
*Connect to VSS.
2
1A
VSS
-
Connect to the - terminal of the battery.
3
3A
VDD
-
Connect to the + terminal of the battery.
4
2A
ALARMB
O
Alert indication. An active low output used to indicate specified condition thresholds have been met.
*When you do not use an alert function, please connect with V SS.
Battery temperature reading control pin
5
3B
TSW
O
*Set high when reading in the temperature, held low at other times.
I
Battery temperature analog voltage input pin
6
3C
TSENSE
7
1C
SDA
I/O
I2C data pin
8
2C
SCL
I/O
I2C clock pin
-
2B
NC
-
Not used pin. *Recommend to connect to VSS.
4. Performance Specifications
4.1. Application Field
This product is ideal for mobile devices such as smart-phones, mobile phones, digital still cameras, digital
video cameras, MP3 players, and portable DVD players that are powered by 1-cell lithium-ion batteries or
include a battery pack, and require a display to indicate the battery's remaining power levels.
4.2. Electrical Characteristics
Specification
Parameter
Consumption current
Voltage measurement accuracy
Conditions
VDD[V]
Unit
Min
Typ
Max
Normal Mode
2.5 to 4.5
15
26
Accurate ECO Mode
2.5 to 4.5
2
4.5
Sleep Mode
2.5 to 4.5
0.2
4
Ta = +25C
3.6
-7.5
+7.5
2.5 to 4.5
-20
+20
Ta = -20C to +70C
μA
mV/cell
4.3. Communication Protocol
Communication protocol type ： I2C
Frequency : to 400kHz
IC address : 0x16 ( It becomes "0001011X" w hen you w rite a binary, because the slave address is 7 bits. [ X]=Rd/Wr. )
Bus Protocols
S
： Start Condition
Sr
： Repeated Start Condition
Rd
： Read (bit value of 1)
Wr
： Write (bit value of 0)
A
： ACK (bit value of 0)
N
： NACK (bit value of 1)
P
： Stop Condition
CRC-8
： Slave Address to Last Data (CRC-8-ATM : ex.3778mV : 0x16,0x09,0x17,0xC2,0x0E → 0x86)
： Master-to-Slave
： Slave-to-Master
…
： Continuation of protocol
Read Word Protocol
S
Slave Address
Wr
A
Command Code
A
Sr
Slave Address
Rd
A
Data Byte Low
A
…
Data Byte High
…
A
CRC-8
N
P
*When you do not read CRC -8, there is not the reliability of data. CRC-8-ATM ex : (5 bytes) 0x16,0x09,0x17,0xC2,0x0E " 0x86
Write Word Protocol
S
Slave Address
Data Byte Low
Wr
A
…
A
Command Code
A
Data Byte High
A
CRC-8
A
P
*When you do not add CRC -8, the Written data (Data byte Low /High) become invalid.
CRC-8-ATM ex : (4 bytes) 0x16, 0x09, 0x55, 0xAA → 0x3B
Com m and
Code
Slave Functions
Stats
Range
0x06
Thermistor B
R/W
0x07
Initial RSOC
W
R
0x0000 to 0xFFFF (Thermistor Mode)
W
0x09E4 to 0x0D04 (Via I2C)
R
0x08
Cell Temperature
0x09
Cell Voltage
Unit
Initial
Value
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
B
0x0D34
0xAA55
Value
-
0.1°K (0.0℃ = 0x0AAC)
0x0BA6
(25℃)
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
mV
0x0000
Current Direction
R/W
0x0000 or 0x0001 or 0xFFFF
0x0001 : Charge Mode
0x0000 : Auto Mode
0xFFFF : Discharge Mode
0x0B
Adjustment Pack Appli
R/W
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
Value
-
0x0C
Adjustment Pack Thermistor
R/W
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
Value
0x001E
0x0000 to 0x0064
%
-
0x0A
RSOC
R
Set RSOC
W
0x0F
Indicator To Empty
R
0x0000 to 0x03E8
Value
0x11
IC Version
R
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
Version
-
0x12
Change Of The Parameter
R/W
0x0000 or 0x0001
Please refer to a low er list
0x0000
0x13
Alarm Low RSOC
R/W
0x0000 to 0x0064
% (activate under)
0x0008
0x14
Alarm Low Cell Voltage
R/W
0x0000 to 0xFFFF
mV (activate under)
0x0000
0x0000 to 0x0002
0x0000 : Nomal Mode
0x0001 : Accurate ECO
0x0002 : Sleep Mode
-
bit 1 to 15 : Reserved (fix 0)
0 : disable
1 : enable
0x0000
0x0301 or 0x0504
Please refer to a low er list
-
0x0D
0x15
IC Pow er Mode
R/W
0x16
Status Bit
R/W
0x1A
Number Of The Parameter
R
Type Of The Battery
LC709203F-01
LC709203F-04
Normal Voltage3.8V, Charge Voltage 4.35V
Normal Voltage3.7V, Charge Voltage 4.2V
ICR18650-26H (SAMSUNG)
UR18650ZY (Panasonic)
bit 0 : Thermistor Mode
Number Of The Parameter
0x0301
0x0504
Change Of The Parameter
0x0000
0x0001
0x0000
0x0001
RSOC = Relative State Of Charge
0xXXXX = Hexadecimal notation
(Note)
Initialization from Host :
- The IC w ill initialize reading the battery temperature until Initialization sequence w ith serial port is executed. (Please see EVB manual for sequences.)
Control from Host :
- The Remaining State of Charge (RSOC) is normally read periodically.
- To read temperature the part w ill need a sequence of instructions and then returned to RSOC reading.
4.4. Note on Electrical Characteristics
1. Since I2C address is fixed ensure that other devices do not use the same address.
2. IC’s initialization time is within 80ms from power on.
3. If initialized (Initial Relative State of Charge) the IC by I2C, start reading battery value after 2ms.
4. If power is applied to VDD and VSS the battery value will remain stable regardless of the state of the
Enable/Disable registers.
4.5. Layout and schematic
1. Connect the capacitor (1μF) between VDD and VSS as near the terminal of the IC as possible.
2. When you do not use an alarm function simply connect the alarm terminal to VSS without a pullup
resistor.
Example of Standard Use of the Application
Samples of the Battery Fuel Gauge IC (LC709203F) can measure the battery value with high accuracy.
However, if there is no calibration there may be an error of ±5 to 10% when flowing large-current (about
0.5C) depending on the state of charge of the battery.
Please contact ON Semiconductor prior to part qualification for a review of the intended design and to
determine if a calibrated part is needed.
4.6. About Alarm Function
If the Battery’s remaining charge drops lower than the set value or lower than the set voltage The output at
AlarmB will be pulled low by the open drain internal FET.
○ Please examine the chart below concerning this function. (initial setting is 8%)
Change the setting
to 3%
5. Schematic
Figure1. When temperature detection function is not utilized:
Figure2. When the temperature detection function is in use:
6. Evaluation Board
Pack +
55mm
Thermistor
Pack -
91mm
Figure3. LC709203F(WLCSP9) Evaluation Board
(Note) Please refer to a LC709203F Evaluation kit Manual for the evaluation board operation.
7. Board Layout
Figure5. IC Side Layout
Figure6. Bottom Layout
Figure7. Board Size
8. Bill of materials
Designator
Quantity
Description
Description1
Value
Value1
Tolerance
Dip
Footprint
Manufacturer
Part Number
Substitution Allowed Lead Free
ST-2-2
MAC8
ST2-2
Yes
Yes
ALRT, SCL, SDA, TMP2, VDD, VSS,
VSS1
BAT+, BAT-,TMP1
7
Terminal
3
Terminal
ST-2-2
MAC8
NM
Yes
Yes
C1
0
Capacitor
SMD
*u
16V
10%
1005
Murata
GRM155B31CXXXKA12#
Yes
Yes
C2
1
Capacitor
SMD
1u
16V
10%
1005
Murata
GRM155B31C105KA12#
Yes
Yes
C3, C4
2
Capacitor
SMD
5p
50V
±0.25pF
1005
Murata
GRM1535C1H5R0CDD5#
Yes
Yes
C5
1
Capacitor
SMD
2.2u
10V
±10% or ±15%
1005
Murata or TDK
GRM155B31A225KE95# or
C1005X5R1A225K050BC
Yes
Yes
C6, C8, C10, C12
4
Capacitor
SMD
0.1u
25V
±10%
1005
Murata
GRM155B31E104KA87#
Yes
Yes
C7
1
Capacitor
SMD
2.2u
10V
±10%
1005
Murata
GRM155B31A225KE95#
Yes
Yes
C9, C11
2
Capacitor
SMD
1500p
50V
±10%
1005
Murata
GRM15XB11H152KA86#
Yes
Yes
CF1
1
Murata ceralock
SMD 12MHz
X-CSTCE
Murata
CSTCE12M0GH5L
Yes
Yes
CN1
1
Molex 54819-0519
Molex_54819-0519
Molex
54819-0519
CN2
0
LANDφ0.8mm
D1
1
Switching Diode
SMD
SOD-323
ON Semiconductor
MMDL6050T1G
No
Yes
IC1
1
WLP9
SMD
WLP9
ON Semiconductor
LC709203F
No
Yes
IC2
1
SMD
SQFP48(7X7)
ON Semiconductor
No
Yes
LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4
4
LED
SMD
LED1608
unknown
RED
Yes
Yes
R1, R2, R4
3
Resistor
SMD
100
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTD101J
Yes
Yes
R3
1
Resistor
SMD
100k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTD104J
Yes
Yes
R5, R7
2
Resistor
SMD
33
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP330J
Yes
Yes
R6
1
Resistor
SMD
10k
0.063W
±1%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP103F
Yes
Yes
R16, R17
2
Resistor
SMD
10k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP103J
Yes
Yes
R8
1
Resistor
SMD
1.5k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP152J
Yes
Yes
R9
1
Resistor
SMD
100
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP101J
Yes
Yes
R10
1
Resistor
SMD
100k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP104J
Yes
Yes
R11
1
Resistor
SMD
15k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP153J
Yes
Yes
R12, R13, R14, R15
4
Resistor
SMD
3k
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP302J
Yes
Yes
RD1
1
Resistor
SMD
330
0.063W
±5%
1005
KOA
RK73B1ETTP331J
Yes
Yes
ZD1
1
Zener Diode
SMD
SOD-323
ON Semiconductor
MM3Z5V6T1G
No
Yes
ZD2
1
SMD
SMD
SOD-523
ON Semiconductor
MM5Z6V2ST1G
No
Yes
Dip
LAND3pin
9. Performance Data
9.1. Discharge1: Current Charge (250mA  1500mA)
*After discharging the battery (with 250mA load) from 100% down to 25%, the load is increased to
1500mA. Battery remaining is still linear after discharge current is changed.
9.2. Discharge2: Current Charge (1100mA  500mA)
*After discharging the battery (with 1100mA load) from 100% down to 30%, the load is decreased to
500mA. Battery remaining is still linear after discharge current is changed.
Discharge3: Pulse Discharge (1250mA  1750mA)
*Pulse discharging by alternating discharge current values of 1250mA and 1750mA every 10sec. battery
remaining is linear for 100% to 0%.
9.3. Discharge4: Neglect (750mA, 20min Neglect, 750mA)
*Discharging battery from 100% to 50% with 750mA load. After removing load for 20min, discharge the
battery with 750mA again. Battery remaining is still linear. When load is removed the graph shows the
battery’s voltage increases and at the point of re-discharge, battery voltage decreases.
Discharge5: Standby Current (8mA)
*Assuming the part is in stand-by and the load is 8mA.
Even at the very little current flowing, the graph is still linear.
9.4. Discharge6: Constant Watt (3.76W)
*Increasing current as the battery’s voltage decreases to discharge at the same power (3.76W). In this case,
battery remaining is still linear.
*Testing discharging of 100% to 0%. Discharging current is 500mA. Temperature is room temp., 0 degree
Celsius and 50 degree Celsius. Red line shows the ideal line and maximum error is the 2.8%.
*Discharging test of 100% to 0% at room temperature. Shows discharging values of 500mA, 750mA,
1000mA, 1250mA and 1500mA. Red line is the ideal line and maximum error is 2.4%.
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