TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com FOUR-CHANNEL AUTOMOTIVE DIGITAL AMPLIFIERS Check for Samples: TAS5414B-Q1, TAS5424B-Q1 FEATURES 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TAS5414B-Q1 – Single-Ended Input TAS5424B-Q1 – Differential Input Four-Channel Digital Power Amplifier Four Analog Inputs, Four BTL Power Outputs Typical Output Power at 10% THD+N – 28 W/Ch Into 4 Ω at 14.4 V – 50 W/Ch Into 2 Ω at 14.4 V – 79 W/Ch Into 4 Ω at 24 V – 150 W/Ch Into 2 Ω at 24 V (PBTL) Channels Can Be Paralleled (PBTL) for High Current Applications THD+N < 0.02%, 1 kHz, 1 W Into 4 Ω Patented Pop- and Click-Reduction Technology – Soft Muting With Gain Ramp Control – Common-Mode Ramping Patented AM Interference Avoidance Patented Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit 75-dB PSRR Four-Address I2C Serial Interface for Device Configuration and Control Channel Gains: 12-dB, 20-dB, 26-dB, 32-dB Load Diagnostic Functions: – Output Open and Shorted Load – Output-to-Power and -to-Ground Shorts – Patented Tweeter Detection Protection and Monitoring Functions: – Short-Circuit Protection – Load-Dump Protection to 50 V – Fortuitous Open Ground and Power Tolerant – Patented Output DC Level Detection While Music Playing – Over-temperature Protection – Over- and Undervoltage Conditions – Clip Detection • • • • • • • • 36-Pin PSOP3 (DKD) Power SOP Package With Heat Slug Up for the TAS5414B-Q1 44-Pin PSOP3 (DKD) Power SOP Package With Heat Slug Up for the TAS5424B-Q1 44-Pin PSOP3 (DKE) Low-Standoff Power SOP Package With Heat Slug Up for the TAS5424B-Q1 64-Pin QFP (PHD) Power Package With Heat Slug Up for TAS5414B-Q1 Designed for Automotive EMC Requirements Qualified According to AEC-Q100 ISO9000:2002 TS16949 Certified –40°C to 105°C Ambient Temperature Range APPLICATIONS • OEM/Retail Head Units and Amplifier Modules Where Feature Densities and System Configurations Require Reduction in Heat From the Audio Power Amplifier DESCRIPTION The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 are four-channel digital audio amplifiers designed for use in automotive head units and external amplifier modules. They provide four channels at 23 W continuously into 4 Ω at less than 1% THD+N from a 14.4-V supply. Each channel can also deliver 38 W into 2 Ω at 1% THD+N. The TAS5414B-Q1 uses single-ended analog inputs, while the TAS5424B-Q1 employs differential inputs for increased immunity to common-mode system noise. The digital PWM topology of the device provides dramatic improvements in efficiency over traditional linear amplifier solutions. This reduces the power dissipated by the amplifier by a factor of ten under typical music playback conditions. The device incorporates all the functionality needed to perform in the demanding OEM applications area. They have built-in load diagnostic functions for detecting and diagnosing misconnected outputs to help to reduce test time during the manufacturing process. 1 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 2 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com PIN ASSIGNMENTS AND FUNCTIONS The pin assignments are shown as follows. TAS5414B DKD Package (Top View) OSC_SYNC I2C_ADDR SDA SCL FAULT MUTE STANDBY D_BYP CLIP_OTW GND GND REXT A_BYP IN1_P IN2_P IN_M IN3_P IN4_P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5424B DKD Package (Top View) 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 PVDD PVDD OUT1_M OUT1_P GND OUT2_M OUT2_P CPC_TOP CP CPC_BOT GND OUT3_M OUT3_P GND OUT4_M OUT4_P PVDD PVDD OSC_SYNC I2C_ADDR SDA SCL FAULT MUTE GND STANDBY D_BYP CLIP_OTW GND GND REXT A_BYP IN1_P IN1_M IN2_P IN2_M IN3_P IN3_M IN4_P IN4_M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 PVDD PVDD PVDD OUT1_M OUT1_P GND GND OUT2_M OUT2_P CPC_TOP CP CP_BOT GND OUT3_M OUT3_P GND GND OUT4_M OUT4_P PVDD PVDD PVDD 3 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com GND GND GND PVDD PVDD PVDD GND GND GND GND GND GND OSC_SYNC SDA I2C_ADDR SCL TAS5414B PHD Package (Top View) 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 FAULT 1 48 OUT1_M MUTE 2 47 OUT1_P GND 3 46 GND STANDBY 4 45 OUT2_M D_BYP 5 44 OUT2_P CLIP_OTW 6 43 GND GND 7 42 CPC_TOP GND 8 41 CP GND 9 40 CP_BOT REXT 10 39 GND A_BYP 11 38 GND GND 12 37 OUT3_M IN1_P 13 36 OUT3_P GND 14 35 GND IN2_P 15 34 OUT4_M GND 16 33 OUT4_P 4 GND GND GND PVDD PVDD PVDD GND GND GND GND GND GND IN4_P IN_M IN3_P GND 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 1. PIN FUNCTIONS PIN NAME DKD/DKE PACKAGE PHD PACKAGE TAS54 TAS54 14B-Q1 24B-Q1 NO. NO. TAS5414B-Q1 NO. TYPE (1) DESCRIPTION A_BYP 13 14 11 PBY Bypass pin for the AVDD analog regulator CLIP_OTW 9 10 6 DO Reports CLIP, OTW, or both. It also reports tweeter detection during tweeter mode. Open-Drain. CP 28 34 41 CP Top of main storage capacitor for charge pump (bottom goes to PVDD) CPC_BOT 27 33 40 CP Bottom of flying capacitor for charge pump CPC_TOP 29 35 42 CP Top of flying capacitor for charge pump D_BYP 8 9 5 PBY Bypass pin for DVDD regulator output FAULT 5 5 1 DO Global fault output (open drain): UV, OV, OTSD, OCSD, DC 10, 11, 23, 26, 32 7, 11, 12, 28, 29, 32, 38, 39 3, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32, 35, 38, 39, 43, 46, 49, 50, 51, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 GND 2 2 62 AI I2C address bit IN1_M N/A 16 N/A AI Inverting analog input for channel 1 (TAS5424B-Q1 only) IN1_P 14 15 13 AI Non-inverting analog input for channel 1 IN2_M N/A 18 N/A AI Inverting analog input for channel 2 (TAS5424B-Q1 only) IN2_P 15 17 15 AI Non-inverting analog input for channel 2 IN3_M N/A 20 N/A AI Inverting analog input for channel 3 (TAS5424B-Q1 only) IN3_P 17 19 19 AI Non-inverting analog input for channel 3 IN4_M N/A 22 N/A AI Inverting analog input for channel 4 (TAS5424B-Q1 only) IN4_P 18 21 20 AI Non-inverting analog input for channel 4 IN_M 16 N/A 18 ARTN MUTE 6 6 2 AI OSC_SYNC 1 1 61 DI/DO OUT1_M 34 41 48 PO – polarity output for bridge 1 OUT1_P 33 40 47 PO + polarity output for bridge 1 OUT2_M 31 37 45 PO – polarity output for bridge 2 OUT2_P 30 36 44 PO + polarity output for bridge 2 OUT3_M 25 31 37 PO – polarity output for bridge 3 OUT3_P 24 30 36 PO + polarity output for bridge 3 OUT4_M 22 27 34 PO – polarity output for bridge 4 OUT4_P 21 26 33 PO + polarity output for bridge 4 PVDD 19, 20, 35, 36 23, 24, 25, 42, 43, 44 27, 28, 29, 52, 53, 54 PWR REXT 12 13 10 AI Precision resistor pin to set analog reference SCL 4 4 64 DI I2C clock input from system I2C master SDA 3 3 63 DI/DO STANDBY 7 8 4 DI GND I2C_ADDR (1) Ground Signal return for the 4 analog channel inputs (TAS5414B-Q1 only) Gain ramp control: mute (low), play (high) Oscillator input from master or output to slave amplifiers PVDD supply I2C data I/O for communication with system I2C master Active-low STANDBY pin. Standby (low), power up (high) DI = digital input, DO = digital output, AI = analog input, ARTN = analog signal return, PWR = power supply, PBY = power bypass, PO = power output, GND = ground, CP = charge pump. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 5 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) PVDD DC supply voltage range Relative to GND PVDDMAX Pulsed supply voltage range t ≤ 100 ms exposure PVDDRAMP VALUE UNIT –0.3 to 30 V –1 to 50 V Supply voltage ramp rate 15 V/ms IPVDD Externally imposed dc supply current per PVDD or GND pin ±12 A IPVDD_MAX Pulsed supply current per PVDD pin (one shot) IO Maximum allowed dc current per output pin IO_MAX (1) t < 100 ms Pulsed output current per output pin (single pulse) (2) 17 A ±13.5 A ±17 A DC or pulsed ±1 mA DC or pulsed ±20 mA 7 mA t < 100 ms IIN_MAX Maximum current, all digital and analog input pins IMUTE_MAX Maximum current on MUTE pin IIN_ODMAX Maximum sink current for open-drain pins VLOGIC Input voltage range for pin relative to GND (SCL, SDA, I2C_ADDR pins) Supply voltage range: 6V < PVDD < 24 V –0.3 to 6 V VMUTE Voltage range for MUTE pin relative to GND Supply voltage range: 6 V < PVDD < 24 V –0.3 to 7.5 V VSTANDBY Input voltage range for STANDBY pin Supply voltage range: 6 V < PVDD < 24 V –0.3 to 5.5 V VOSC_SYNC Input voltage range for OSC_SYNC pin relative to GND Supply voltage range: 6 V < PVDD < 24 V –0.3 to 3.6 V VGND Maximum voltage between GND pins ±0.3 V VAIN_AC_MAX_5414 Maximum ac-coupled input voltage for TAS5414B-Q1 (2), analog input pins Supply voltage range: 6 V < PVDD < 24 V 1.9 Vrms VAIN_AC_MAX_5424 Maximum ac-coupled differential input voltage for TAS5424B-Q1 (2), analog input pins Supply voltage range: 6 V < PVDD < 24 V 3.8 Vrms TJ Maximum operating junction temperature range –55 to 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature range –55 to 150 °C (1) (2) Pulsed current ratings are maximum survivable currents externally applied to the device. High currents may be encountered during reverse battery, fortuitous open ground, and fortuitous open supply fault conditions. See Application Information section for information on analog input voltage and ac coupling. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER VALUE (Typical) RθJC Junction-to-case (heat slug) thermal resistance, DKD package 1.0 RθJC Junction-to-case (heat slug) thermal resistance, PHD package 1.2 RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 6 UNIT °C/W This device is not intended to be used without a heatsink. Therefore, RθJA is not specified. See the Thermal Information section. Exposed pad dimensions, DKD package 13.8 × 5.8 Exposed pad dimensions, PHD package 8×8 mm Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) PARAMETER Human Body Model (HBM) AEC-Q100-002 Package All DKD/DKE Charged Device Model (CDM) AEC-Q100-011 PHD Machine Model (MM) AEC-Q100-003 Pins VALUE (Typical) All 3000 Corner Pins excluding OSC_SYNC 1000 All other pins (including OSC_SYNC) except CP pin 500 CP Pin (Non-Corner Pin) 400 Corner Pins excluding SCL 750 All Pins (including SCL) except CP and CP_Top 600 CP and CP_Top Pins 400 DKD/DKE 150 PHD 100 UNIT V RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (1) PVDDOP DC supply voltage range relative to GND MIN TYP MAX 6 14.4 24 UNIT V (2) Analog audio input signal level (TAS5414B-Q1) AC-coupled input voltage 0 0.25–1 (3) Vrms VAIN_5424 (2) Analog audio input signal level (TAS5424B-Q1) AC-coupled input voltage 0 0.5–2(3) Vrms TA Ambient temperature –40 105 °C –40 115 °C VAIN_5414 An adequate heat sink is required to keep TJ within specified range. TJ Junction temperature RL Nominal speaker load impedance 2 4 VPU Pullup voltage supply (for open-drain logic outputs) 3 3.3 or 5 RPU_EXT External pullup resistor on open-drain logic outputs RPU_I2C I2C pullup resistance on SDA and SCL pins Resistor connected between open-drain logic output and VPU supply 10 1 4.7 Ω 5.5 V 50 kΩ 10 kΩ 50 kΩ 20.2 kΩ 120 nF 680 nF 2 RI2C_ADD Total resistance of voltage divider for I C address slave 1 or slave 2, connected between D_BYP and GND pins RREXT External resistance on REXT pin CD_BYP , CA_BYP External capacitance on D_BYP and A_BYP pins COUT External capacitance to GND on OUT_X pins 150 CIN External capacitance to analog input pin in series with input signal 0.47 CFLY Flying capacitor on charge pump CP Charge pump capacitor CMUTE MUTE pin capacitor COSCSYNC_MAX Allowed loading capacitance on OSC_SYNC pin (1) (2) (3) 10 1% tolerance required 19.8 20 10 50V needed for Load Dump μF 0.47 1 1.5 μF 0.47 1 1.5 μF 100 220 1000 nF 75 pF The Recommended Operating Conditions table specifies only that the device is functional in the given range. See the Electrical Characteristics table for specified performance limits. Signal input for full unclipped output with gains of 32 dB, 26 dB, 20 dB, and 12 dB Maximum recommended input voltage is determined by the gain setting. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 7 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Test conditions (unless otherwise noted): TCase = 25°C, PVDD = 14.4 V, RL = 4 Ω, fS = 417 kHz, Pout = 1 W/ch, Rext = 20 kΩ, AES17 Filter, default I2C settings, master mode operation (see application diagram) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 170 220 UNIT OPERATING CURRENT IPVDD_IDLE IPVDD_Hi-Z IPVDD_STBY PVDD idle current PVDD standby current All four channels in MUTE mode All four channels in Hi-Z mode 93 STANDBY mode, TJ ≤ 85°C 2 10 mA μA OUTPUT POWER 4 Ω, PVDD = 14.4 V, THD+N ≤ 1%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C 23 4 Ω, PVDD = 14.4 V, THD+N = 10%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C 25 28 4 Ω, PVDD = 24 V, THD+N = 10%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C 63 79 2 Ω, PVDD = 14.4 V, THD+N = 1%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C POUT Output power per channel 2 Ω, PVDD = 14.4 V, THD+N = 10%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C 38 40 PBTL 2-Ω operation, PVDD = 24 V, THD+N = 10%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C 150 PBTL 1-Ω operation, PVDD = 14.4 V, THD+N = 10%, 1 kHz, Tc = 75°C EFFP Power efficiency W 50 90 4 channels operating, 23-W output power/ch, L = 10 μH, TJ ≤ 85°C 90% AUDIO PERFORMANCE VNOISE Noise voltage at output Zero input, and A-weighting 60 100 μV 2 Crosstalk Channel crosstalk P = 1W, f = 1 kHz, Enhanced Crosstalk Enabled via I C (reg 0x10) 70 85 dB CMRR5424 Common-mode rejection ratio (TAS5424B-Q1) f = 1 kHz, 1 Vrms referenced to GND, G = 26 dB 60 75 dB PSRR Power supply rejection ratio PVDD = 14.4 Vdc + 1 Vrms, f = 1 kHz 60 THD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise P = 1W, f = 1 kHz fS Switching frequency Switching frequency selectable for AM interference avoidance RAIN Analog input resistance Internal shunt resistance on each input pin VIN_CM Common-mode input voltage AC coupled common-mode input voltage (zero differential input) VCM_INT Internal common-mode input bias voltage Internal bias applied to IN_M pin 75 dB 0.02% 0.1% 336 357 378 392 417 442 470 500 530 63 85 106 1.3 Voltage gain (VO/VIN) Source impedance = 0 Ω, gain measurement taken at 1 W of power per channel GCH Channel-to-channel variation Any gain commanded kΩ Vrms 3.3 G kHz V 11 12 13 19 20 21 25 26 27 31 32 33 –1 0 1 dB dB PWM OUTPUT STAGE RDSon FET drain-to-source resistance Not including bond wire resistance, TJ = 25°C VO_OFFSET Output offset voltage Zero input signal, G = 26 dB 65 90 mΩ ±10 ±50 mV PVDD OVERVOLTAGE (OV) PROTECTION VOV_SET PVDD overvoltage shutdown set 24.6 26.4 28.2 VOV_CLEAR PVDD overvoltage shutdown clear 24.4 25.9 27.4 V PVDD UNDERVOLTAGE (UV) PROTECTION VUV_SET PVDD undervoltage shutdown set 4.9 5.3 5.6 V VUV_CLEAR PVDD undervoltage shutdown clear 6.2 6.6 7.0 V AVDD VA_BYP A_BYP pin voltage 6.5 V VA_BYP_UV_SET A_BYP UV voltage 4.8 V VA_BYP_UV_CLEAR Recovery voltage A_BYP UV 5.3 V D_BYP pin voltage 3.3 V DVDD VD_BYP 8 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Test conditions (unless otherwise noted): TCase = 25°C, PVDD = 14.4 V, RL = 4 Ω, fS = 417 kHz, Pout = 1 W/ch, Rext = 20 kΩ, AES17 Filter, default I2C settings, master mode operation (see application diagram) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT POWER-ON RESET (POR) VPOR PVDD voltage for POR VPOR_HY PVDD recovery hysteresis voltage for POR I2C active above this voltage 3.5 V 0.1 V 1.27 V REXT VREXT Rext pin voltage CHARGE PUMP (CP) VCPUV_SET CP undervoltage 4.8 V VCPUV_CLEAR Recovery voltage for CP UV 4.9 V OVERTEMPERATURE (OT) PROTECTION TOTW1_CLEAR TOTW1_SET / TOTW2_CLEAR TOTW2_SET / TOTW3_CLEAR Junction temperature for overtemperature warning TOTW3_SET / TOTSD_CLEAR TOTSD Junction temperature for overtemperature shutdown TFB Junction temperature for overtemperature foldback Per channel 96 112 128 106 122 138 116 132 148 126 142 158 136 152 168 130 150 170 °C CURRENT LIMITING PROTECTION ILIM Current limit (load current) Level 1 Level 2 (default) 5.5 7.3 9.0 10.6 12.7 15.0 7.8 9.8 12.2 11.9 14.8 17.7 330 445 560 A OVERCURRENT (OC) SHUTDOWN PROTECTION Level 1 IMAX Maximum current (peak output current) Level 2 (default), Any short to supply, ground, or other channels A TWEETER DETECT ITH_TW Load current threshold for tweeter detect ILIM_TW Load current limit for tweeter detect 2.1 mA A STANDBY MODE VIH_STBY STANDBY input voltage for logic-level high VIL_STBY STANDBY input voltage for logic-level low ISTBY_PIN STANDBY pin current 2 V 0.1 0.7 V 0.2 μA MUTE MODE GMUTE Output attenuation MUTE pin ≤ 0.5 V + 200mS or I2C Mute Enabled 100 dB 25 % DC DETECT VTH_DC_TOL DC detect threshold tolerance tDCD DC detect step response time for four channels 5.3 s CLIP_OTW REPORT VOH_CLIPOTW CLIP_OTW pin output voltage for logic level high (open-drain logic output) VOL_CLIPOTW CLIP_OTW pin output voltage for logic level low (open-drain logic output) tDELAY_CLIPDET CLIP_OTW signal delay when output clipping detected 2.4 V External 47-kΩ pullup resistor to 3 V–5.5 V 0.5 V 20 μs FAULT REPORT VOH_FAULT VOL_FAULT FAULT pin output voltage for logic-level high (open-drain logic output) FAULT pin output voltage for logic-level low (open-drain logic output) 2.4 External 47-kΩ pullup resistor to 3 V–5.5 V V 0.5 OPEN/SHORT DIAGNOSTICS Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 9 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Test conditions (unless otherwise noted): TCase = 25°C, PVDD = 14.4 V, RL = 4 Ω, fS = 417 kHz, Pout = 1 W/ch, Rext = 20 kΩ, AES17 Filter, default I2C settings, master mode operation (see application diagram) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 200 Ω RS2P, RS2G Maximum resistance to detect a short from OUT pin(s) to PVDD or ground ROPEN_LOAD Minimum load resistance to detect open circuit Including speaker wires 300 740 1300 Ω RSHORTED_LOAD Maximum load resistance to detect short circuit Including speaker wires 0.5 1.0 1.5 Ω 2 I C ADDRESS DECODER tLATCH_I2CADDR Time delay to latch I2C address after POR μs 300 Voltage on I2C_ADDR pin for address 0 Connect to GND 0% 0% 15% Voltage on I2C_ADDR pin for address 1 25% 35% 45% Voltage on I2C_ADDR pin for address 2 External resistors in series between D_BYP and GND as a voltage divider 55% 65% 75% Voltage on I2C_ADDR pin for address 3 Connect to D_BYP 85% 100% 100% tHOLD_I2C Power-on hold time before I2C communication STANDBY high fSCL SCL clock frequency VIH_SCL SCL pin input voltage for logic-level high VIL_SCL SCL pin input voltage for logic-level low VI2C_ADDR VD_BYP I2C 1 RPU_I2C = 5-kΩ pullup, supply voltage = 3.3 V or 5 V ms 400 kHz 2.1 5.5 V –0.5 1.1 V 2 VOH_SDA VOL_SDA SDA pin output voltage for logic-level high I C read, RI2C = 5-kΩ pullup, supply voltage = 3.3 V or 5 V 2.4 V 2 SDA pin output voltage for logic-level low I C read, 3-mA sink current VIH_SDA SDA pin input voltage for logic-level high I2C write, RI2C = 5-kΩ pullup, supply voltage = 3.3 V or 5 V VIL_SDA SDA pin input voltage for logic-level low I2C write, RI2C = 5-kΩ pullup, supply voltage = 3.3 V or 5 V Ci Capacitance for SCL and SDA pins 0.4 V 2.1 5.5 V –0.5 1.1 V 10 pF OSCILLATOR VOH_OSCSYNC OSC_SYNC pin output voltage for logic-level high VOL_OSCSYNC OSC_SYNC pin output voltage for logic-level low VIH_OSCSYNC OSC_SYNC pin input voltage for logic-level high VIL_OSCSYNC OSC_SYNC pin input voltage for logic-level low fOSC_SYNC OSC_SYNC pin clock frequency 10 2.4 V I2C_ADDR pin set to MASTER mode 0.5 2 V V I2C_ADDR pin set to SLAVE mode 0.8 I2C_ADDR pin set to MASTER mode, fS = 500 kHz 3.76 4.0 4.24 I2C_ADDR pin set to MASTER mode, fS = 417 kHz 3.13 3.33 3.63 I2C_ADDR pin set to MASTER mode, fS = 357 kHz 2.68 2.85 3.0 V MHz Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com TIMING REQUIREMENTS FOR I2C INTERFACE SIGNALS over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER MIN TYP MAX UNIT ns tr Rise time for both SDA and SCL signals 300 tf Fall time for both SDA and SCL signals 300 tw(H) SCL pulse duration, high 0.6 μs tw(L) SCL pulse duration, low 1.3 μs tsu2 Setup time for START condition 0.6 μs th2 START condition hold time after which first clock pulse is generated 0.6 μs tsu1 Data setup time 100 ns (1) ns μs th1 Data hold time 0 tsu3 Setup time for STOP condition 0.6 CB Load capacitance for each bus line (1) ns 400 pF A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL. tw(H) tw(L) tf tr SCL tsu1 th1 SDA T0027-01 Figure 1. SCL and SDA Timing SCL t(buf) th2 tsu2 tsu3 SDA Start Condition Stop Condition T0028-01 Figure 2. Timing for Start and Stop Conditions Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 11 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 12 THD+N vs BTL OUTPUT POWER at 1kHz THD+N vs PBTL OUTPUT POWER at 1kHz Figure 3. Figure 4. THD+N vs FREQUENCY at 1 Watt TAS5424B-Q1 COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY Figure 5. Figure 6. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) CROSSTALK vs FREQUENCY NOISE FFT Figure 7. Figure 8. EFFICIENCY, FOUR CHANNELS AT 4 Ω EACH DEVICE POWER DISSIPATION FOUR CHANNELS AT 4 Ω EACH 100 12 90 10 80 Power Dissipation − W Efficiency − % 70 60 50 40 30 20 8 6 4 2 10 0 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 P − Power Per Channel − W G007 Figure 9. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 0 5 10 15 20 P − Power Per Channel − W G008 Figure 10. 13 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION OVERVIEW The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 are single-chip, four-channel, analog-input audio amplifiers for use in the automotive environment. The design uses an ultra-efficient class-D technology developed by Texas Instruments, but with changes needed by the automotive industry. This technology allows for reduced power consumption, reduced heat, and reduced peak currents in the electrical system. The device realizes an audio sound system design with smaller size and lower weight than traditional class-AB solutions. There are eight core design blocks: • Preamplifier • PWM • Gate drive • Power FETs • Diagnostics • Protection • Power supply • I2C serial communication bus Preamplifier The preamplifier is a high-input-impedance, low-noise, low-offset-voltage input stage with adjustable gain. The high input impedance allows the use of low-cost input capacitors while still achieving extended low-frequency response. The preamplifier is powered by a dedicated, internally regulated supply, which gives it excellent noise immunity and channel separation. Also included in the preamp are: 1. Mute Pop-and-Click Control— The device ramps the gain gradually when a mute or play command is received. Another form of click and pop can be caused by the start or stopping of switching in a class-D amplifier. The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 incorporate a patented method to reduce the pop energy during the switching startup and shutdown sequence. Fault conditions require rapid protection response by the TAS5414B-Q1 and the TAS5424B-Q1, which do not have time to ramp the gain down in a pop-free manner. The device transitions into Hi-Z mode when an OV, UV, OC, OT, or DC fault is encountered. Also, activation of the STANDBY pin may not be pop-free. 2. Gain Control—The four gain settings are set in the preamplifier via I2C control registers. The gain is set outside of the global feedback resistors of the device, thus allowing for stability of the system at all gain settings with properly loaded conditions. Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) The PWM converts the analog signal from the preamplifier into a switched signal of varying duty cycle. This is the critical stage that defines the class-D architecture. In the TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1, the modulator is an advanced design with high bandwidth, low noise, low distortion, excellent stability, and full 0–100% modulation capability. The patented PWM uses clipping recovery circuitry to eliminate the deep saturation characteristic of PWMs when the input signal exceeds the modulator waveform. Gate Drive The gate driver accepts the low-voltage PWM signal and level shifts it to drive a high-current, full-bridge, power FET stage. The device uses proprietary techniques to optimize EMI and audio performance. Power FETs The BTL output for each channel comprises four rugged N-channel 30-V 65 mΩ FETs for high efficiency and maximum power transfer to the load. These FETs are designed to handle large voltage transients during load dump. 14 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Load Diagnostics The device incorporates load diagnostic circuitry designed to help pinpoint the nature of output misconnections during installation. The TAS5414B-Q1 and the TAS5424B-Q1 include functions for detecting and determining the status of output connections. The following diagnostics are supported: • Short to GND • Short to PVDD • Short across load • Open load • Tweeter detection The presence of any of the short or open conditions is reported to the system via I2C register read. The tweeter detect status can be read from the CLIP_OTW pin when properly configured. 1. Output Short and Open Diagnostics—The device contains circuitry designed to detect shorts and open conditions on the outputs. The load diagnostic function can only be invoked when the output is in the Hi-Z mode. There are four phases of test during load diagnostics and two levels of test. In the full level, all channels must be in the Hi-Z state. All four phases are tested on each channel, all four channels at the same time. When fewer than four channels are in Hi-Z, the reduced level of test is the only available option. In the reduced level, only short to PVDD and short to GND can be tested. Load diagnostics can occur at power up before the amplifier is moved out of Hi-Z mode. If the amplifier is already in play mode, it must Mute and then Hi-Z before the load diagnostic can be performed. By performing the mute function, the normal pop- and click-free transitions occur before the diagnostics begin. The diagnostics are performed as shown in Figure 11. Figure 12 shows the impedance ranges for the open-load and shorted-load diagnostics. The results of the diagnostic are read from the diagnostic register for each channel via I2C. With the default settings and MUTE capacitor the S2G and S2P phase take ~20mS each, the OL phase takes ~100mS, and the SL takes ~230mS. Figure 11. Load Diagnostics Sequence of Events Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 15 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Figure 12. Open and Shorted Load Detection 2. Tweeter Detection—Tweeter detection is an alternate operating mode that is used to determine the proper connection of a frequency dependent load (such as a speaker with a crossover). Tweeter detection is invoked via I2C, and all four channels should be tested individually. Tweeter detection uses the average cycle-by-cycle current limit circuit (see CBC section) to measure the current delivered to the load. The proper implementation of this diagnostic function is dependent on the amplitude of a user-supplied test signal and on the impedance versus frequency curve of the acoustic load. The system (external to the TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1) must generate a signal to which the load will respond. The frequency and amplitude of this signal must be calibrated by the user to result in a current draw that is greater than the tweeter detection threshold when the load under test is present, and less than the detection threshold if the load is not properly connected. The current level for the tweeter detection threshold, as well as the maximum current that can safely be delivered to a load when in tweeter detection mode, can be found in the Electrical Characteristics section of the datasheet. The tweeter detection results are reported on the CLIP_OTW pin during the application of the test signal. When tweeter detection is activated (indicating that the tested load is present), pulses on the CLIP_OTW pin begin to toggle. The pulses on the CLIP_OTW pins will report low whenever the current detection threshold is exceeded, and the pin will remain low until the threshold is no longer exceeded. The minimum low-pulse period that can be expected is equal to one period of the switching frequency. Having an input signal that increases the amount of time that the detector is activated (e. g. increasing the amplitude of the input signal) will increase the amount of time for which the pin reports low. NOTE: Because tweeter detection is an alternate operating mode, the channels to be tested must be placed in Play mode (via register 0x0C) after tweeter detection has been activated in order to commence the detection process. Additionally, the CLIP_OTW pin must be set up via register 0x0A to report the results of tweeter detection. Protection and Monitoring 1. Cycle-By-Cycle Current Limit (CBC)—The CBC current-limiting circuit terminates each PWM pulse to limit the output current flow when the average current limit (ILIM) threshold is exceeded. The overall effect on the audio in the case of a current overload is quite similar to a voltage-clipping event, where power is temporarily limited at the peaks of the musical signal and normal operation continues without disruption when the overload is removed. The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 do not prematurely shut down in this condition. All four channels continue in play mode and pass signal. 2. Overcurrent Shutdown (OCSD)—Under severe short-circuit events, such as a short to PVDD or ground, a peak-current detector is used, and the affected channel shuts down in 200 μs to 390 μs if the conditions are severe enough. The shutdown speed depends on a number of factors, such as the impedance of the short circuit, supply voltage, and switching frequency. Only the shorted channels are shut down in such a scenario. 16 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 www.ti.com 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 The user may restart the affected channel via I2C. An OCSD event activates the fault pin, and the affected channel(s) are recorded in the I2C fault register. If the supply or ground short is strong enough to exceed the peak current threshold but not severe enough to trigger the OCSD, the peak current limiter prevents excess current from damaging the output FETs, and operation returns to normal after the short is removed. DC Detect—This circuit detects a dc offset continuously during normal operation at the output of the amplifier. If the dc offset reaches the level defined in the I2C registers for the specified time period, the circuit triggers. By default a dc detection event does not shut the output down. The shutdown function can be enabled or disabled via I2C. If enabled, the triggered channel shuts down, but the others remain playing and the FAULT pin is asserted. The dc level is defined in I2C registers. Clip Detect—The clip detect circuit alerts the user to the presence of a 100% duty-cycle PWM due to a clipped waveform. When this occurs, a signal is passed to the CLIP_OTW pin and it is asserted until the 100% duty-cycle PWM signal is no longer present. All four channels are connected to the same CLIP_OTW pin. Through I2C, the CLIP_OTW signal can be changed to clip-only, OTW-only, or both. A fourth mode, used only during diagnostics, is the option to report tweeter detection events on this pin (see the Tweeter Detection section). The microcontroller in the system can monitor the signal at the CLIP_OTW pin and may be configured to reduce the volume to all four channels in an active clipping-prevention circuit. Overtemperature Warning (OTW), Overtemperature Shutdown (OTSD) and Thermal Foldback—By default, the CLIP_OTW pin is set to indicate an OTW. This can be changed via I2C commands. If selected to indicate a temperature warning, the CLIP_OTW pin is asserted when the die temperature reaches warning level 1 as shown in the electrical specs. The OTW has three temperature thresholds with a 10°C hysteresis. Each threshold is indicated in I2C register 0x04 bits 5, 6, and 7. The device still functions until the temperature reaches the OTSD threshold, at which time the outputs are placed into Hi-Z mode and the FAULT pin is asserted. I2C is still active in the event of an OTSD and the registers can be read for faults, but all audio ceases abruptly. After the OTSD resets the device can be turned back on through I2C. The OTW is still indicated until the temperature drops below warning level 1. The Thermal Foldback decreases the channel gain. Undervoltage (UV) and Power-on-Reset (POR)—The undervoltage (UV) protection detects low voltages on PVDD, AVDD, and CP. In the event of an undervoltage, the FAULT pin is asserted and the I2C register is updated, depending on which voltage caused the event. Power-on-reset (POR) occurs when PVDD drops low enough. A POR event causes the I2C to go into a high-impedance state. After the device recovers from the POR event, the device must be re-initialized via I2C. Overvoltage (OV) and Load Dump—The OV protection detects high voltages on PVDD. If PVDD reaches the overvoltage threshold, the FAULT pin is asserted and the I2C register is updated. The device can withstand 50-V load-dump voltage spikes. Also depicted in this graph are the voltage thresholds for normal operation region, overvoltage operation region, and load-dump protection region. Figure 11 shows the regions of operating voltage and the profile of the load dump event. Power Supply The power for the device is most commonly provided by a car battery that can have a large voltage range. PVDD is a filtered battery voltage, and it is the supply for the output FETS and the low-side FET gate driver. The high-side FET gate driver is supplied by a charge pump (CP) supply. The charge pump supplies the gate drive voltage for all four channels. The analog circuitry is powered by AVDD, which is a provided by an internal linear regulator. A 0.1μF/10V external bypass capacitor is needed at the A_BYP pin for this supply. It is recommended that no external components except the bypass capacitor be attached to this pin. The digital circuitry is powered by DVDD, which is provided by an internal linear regulator. A 0.1μF/10V external bypass capacitor is needed at the D_BYP pin. It is recommended that no external components except the bypass capacitor be attached to this pin. The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 can withstand fortuitous open ground and power conditions. Fortuitous open ground usually occurs when a speaker wire is shorted to ground, allowing for a second ground path through the body diode in the output FETs. The diagnostic capability allows the speakers and speaker wires to be debugged, eliminating the need to remove the amplifier to diagnose the problem. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 17 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com I2C Serial Communication Bus The device communicates with the system processor via the I2C serial communication bus as an I2C slave-only device. The processor can poll the device via I2C to determine the operating status. All fault conditions and detections are reported via I2C. There are also numerous features and operating conditions that can be set via I2C. The I2C bus allows control of the following configurations: • Independent gain control of each channel. The gain can be set to 12 dB, 20 dB, 26 dB, and 32 dB. • Select AM non-interference switching frequency • Select the function of OTW_CLIP pin • Enable or disable dc detect function with selectable threshold • Place channel in Hi-Z (switching stopped) mode (mute) • Select tweeter detect, set detect threshold and initiate function • Initiate open/short load diagnostic • Reset faults and return to normal switching operation from Hi-Z mode (unmute) In addition to the standard SDA and SCL pins for the I2C bus, the TAS5414B-Q1 and the TAS5424B-Q1 include a single pin that allows up to four devices to work together in a system with no additional hardware required for communication or synchronization. The I2C_ADDR pin sets the device in master or slave mode and selects the I2C address for that device. Tie I2C_ADDR to DGND for master, to 1.2 Vdc for slave 1, to 2.4 Vdc for slave 2, and to D_BYP for slave 3. The OSC_SYNC pin is used to synchronize the internal clock oscillators and thereby avoid beat frequencies. An external oscillator can also be applied to this pin for external control of the switching frequency. Table 2. Table 7. I2C_ADDR Pin Connection DESCRIPTION I2C ADDRESS I2C_ADDR PIN CONNECTION TAS5414B-Q1/5424 0 (OSC MASTER) To SGND pin 0xD8/D9 TAS5414B-Q1/5424 1 (OSC SLAVE1) 35% DVDD (resistive voltage divider between D_BYP pin and SGND pin) (1) 0xDA/DB TAS5414B-Q1/5424 2 (OSC SLAVE2) 65% DVDD (resistive voltage divider between D_BYP pin and SGND pin) (1) 0xDC/DD TAS5414B-Q1/5424 3 (OSC SLAVE3) To D_BYP pin 0xDE/DF (1) RI2C_ADDR with 5% or better tolerance is recommended. I2C Bus Protocol The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 have a bidirectional serial control interface that is compatible with the Inter IC (I2C) bus protocol and supports 400-kbps data transfer rates for random and sequential write and read operations. This is a slave-only device that does not support a multimaster bus environment or wait state insertion. The control interface is used to program the registers of the device and to read device status. The I2C bus employs two signals, SDA (data) and SCL (clock), to communicate between integrated circuits in a system. Data is transferred on the bus serially, one bit at a time. The address and data are transferred in byte (8-bit) format with the most-significant bit (MSB) transferred first. In addition, each byte transferred on the bus is acknowledged by the receiving device with an acknowledge bit. Each transfer operation begins with the master device driving a start condition on the bus and ends with the master device driving a stop condition on the bus. The bus uses transitions on the data terminal (SDA) while the clock is HIGH to indicate a start and stop conditions. A HIGH-to-LOW transition on SDA indicates a start, and a LOW-to-HIGH transition indicates a stop. Normal data bit transitions must occur within the low time of the clock period. These conditions are shown in Figure 13. The master generates the 7-bit slave address and the read/write (R/W) bit to open communication with another device and then wait for an acknowledge condition. The TAS5414B-Q1 and TAS5424B-Q1 hold SDA LOW during the acknowledge-clock period to indicate an acknowledgment. When this occurs, the master 18 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com transmits the next byte of the sequence. Each device is addressed by a unique 7-bit slave address plus R/W bit (1 byte). All compatible devices share the same signals via a bidirectional bus using a wired-AND connection. An external pullup resistor must be used for the SDA and SCL signals to set the HIGH level for the bus. There is no limit on the number of bytes that can be transmitted between start and stop conditions. When the last word transfers, the master generates a stop condition to release the bus. SDA R/ A W 7-Bit Slave Address 7 5 6 4 3 2 1 8-Bit Register Address (N) 7 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 8-Bit Register Data For Address (N) A 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8-Bit Register Data For Address (N) A 7 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 A 0 SCL Start Stop T0035-01 2 Figure 13. Typical I C Sequence Use the I2C_ADDR pin (pin 2) to program the device for one of four addresses. These four addresses are licensed I2C addresses and do not conflict with other licensed I2C audio devices. To communicate with the TAS5414B-Q1 and the TAS5424B-Q1, the I2C master uses addresses shown in Figure 13. Read and write data can be transmitted using single-byte or multiple-byte data transfers. Random Write As shown in Figure 14, a single-byte data-write transfer begins with the master device transmitting a start condition followed by the I2C device address and the read/write bit. The read/write bit determines the direction of the data transfer. For a write data transfer, the read/write bit is a 0. After receiving the correct I2C device address and the read/write bit, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 device responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the master transmits the address byte or bytes corresponding to the internal memory address being accessed. After receiving the address byte, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the master device transmits the data byte to be written to the memory address being accessed. After receiving the data byte, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Finally, the master device transmits a stop condition to complete the single-byte data-write transfer. Start Condition Acknowledge A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W ACK A7 2 I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Acknowledge A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK D7 Subaddress Acknowledge D6 D5 D4 D3 Data Byte D2 D1 D0 ACK Stop Condition T0036-01 Figure 14. Random Write Transfer Sequential Write A sequential data-write transfer is identical to a single-byte data-write transfer except that multiple data bytes are transmitted by the master device to TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 as shown in Figure 14. After receiving each data byte, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 responds with an acknowledge bit and the I2C subaddress is automatically incremented by one. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 19 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Start Condition Acknowledge A6 A5 A1 A6 A0 R/W ACK A7 A5 2 A4 A3 A1 Acknowledge Acknowledge Acknowledge Acknowledge A0 ACK D7 D0 ACK D7 D0 ACK D7 D0 ACK Other Data Bytes First Data Byte Subaddress I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Last Data Byte Stop Condition T0036-02 Figure 15. Sequential Write Transfer Random Read As shown in Figure 16, a single-byte data-read transfer begins with the master device transmitting a start condition followed by the I2C device address and the read/write bit. For the data-read transfer, both a write followed by a read are actually done. Initially, a write is done to transfer the address byte or bytes of the internal memory address to be read. As a result, the read/write bit is a 0. After receiving the address and the read/write bit, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 responds with an acknowledge bit. In addition, after sending the internal memory address byte or bytes, the master device transmits another start condition followed by the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 address and the read/write bit again. This time the read/write bit is a 1, indicating a read transfer. After receiving the address and the read/write bit, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 transmits the data byte from the memory address being read. After receiving the data byte, the master device transmits a not-acknowledge followed by a stop condition to complete the single-byte data-read transfer. Repeat Start Condition Start Condition Acknowledge A6 A5 A1 A0 R/W ACK A7 Acknowledge A6 2 A5 A4 A0 ACK A6 A5 A1 A0 R/W ACK D7 D6 2 I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Subaddress I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Not Acknowledge Acknowledge D1 D0 ACK Stop Condition Data Byte T0036-03 Figure 16. Random Read Transfer Sequential Read A sequential data-read transfer is identical to a single-byte data-read transfer except that multiple data bytes are transmitted by the TAS5414B-Q1 or TAS5424B-Q1 to the master device as shown in Figure 17. Except for the last data byte, the master device responds with an acknowledge bit after receiving each data byte and automatically increments the I2C subaddress by one. After receiving the last data byte, the master device transmits a not-acknowledge followed by a stop condition to complete the transfer. Repeat Start Condition Start Condition Acknowledge A6 2 A0 R/W ACK A7 I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Acknowledge A6 A5 Subaddress A6 A0 ACK 2 Acknowledge Acknowledge Acknowledge Not Acknowledge A0 R/W ACK D7 D0 ACK D7 D0 ACK D7 D0 ACK I C Device Address and Read/Write Bit First Data Byte Other Data Bytes Last Data Byte Stop Condition T0036-04 Figure 17. Sequential Read Transfer 20 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 3. TAS5414B-Q1/5424 I2C Addresses SELECTABLE WITH ADDRESS PIN FIXED ADDRESS DESCRIPTION READ/WRITE BIT MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 2 I2C ADDRESS TAS5414B-Q1/5424B 0 (OSC MASTER) I C WRITE 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 I2C READ 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0xD9 TAS5414B-Q1/5424B 1 (OSC SLAVE1) I2C WRITE 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0xDA I2C READ 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0xDB TAS5414B-Q1/5424B 2 (OSC SLAVE2) I2C WRITE 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0xDC I2C READ 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0xDD I C WRITE 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0xDE I2C READ 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0xDF TAS5414B-Q1/5424B 3 (OSC SLAVE3) 2 0xD8 Table 4. I2C Address Register Definitions ADDRESS R/W 0x00 R Latched fault register 1, global and channel fault REGISTER DESCRIPTION 0x01 R Latched fault register 2, dc offset and overcurrent detect 0x02 R Latched diagnostic register 1, load diagnostics 0x03 R Latched diagnostic register 2, load diagnostics 0x04 R External status register 1, temperature and voltage detect 0x05 R External status register 2, Hi-Z and low-low state 0x06 R External status register 3, mute and play modes 0x07 R External status register 4, load diagnostics 0x08 R/W External control register 1, channel gain select 0x09 R/W External control register 2, over current control 0x0A R/W External control register 3, switching frequency and clip pin select 0x0B R/W External control register 4, load diagnostic, master mode select 0x0C R/W External control register 5, output state control 0x0D R/W External control register 6, output state control 0x0E, 0x0F - 0x10 R/W 0x13 R Not Used External control register 7, DC detect threshold selection External status register 5, over temperature shutdown and thermal foldback Table 5. Fault Register 1 (0x00) Protection D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No protection-created faults, default value FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Overtemperature warning has occurred – – – – – – 1 – DC offset has occurred in any channel – – – – – 1 – – Overcurrent shutdown has occurred in any channel – – – – 1 – – – Overtemperature shutdown has occurred – – – 1 – – – – Charge pump undervoltage has occurred – – 1 – – – – – AVDD, analog voltage, undervoltage has occurred – 1 – – – – – – PVDD undervoltage has occurred 1 – – – – – – – PVDD overvoltage has occurred Table 6. Fault Register 2 (0x01) Protection D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No protection-created faults, default value – – – – – – – 1 Overcurrent shutdown channel 1 has occurred Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated FUNCTION 21 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 6. Fault Register 2 (0x01) Protection (continued) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 – – – – – – 1 – Overcurrent shutdown channel 2 has occurred FUNCTION – – – – – 1 – – Overcurrent shutdown channel 3 has occurred – – – – 1 – – – Overcurrent shutdown channel 4 has occurred – – – 1 – – – – DC offset channel 1 has occurred – – 1 – – – – – DC offset channel 2 has occurred – 1 – – – – – – DC offset channel 3 has occurred 1 – – – – – – – DC offset channel 4 has occurred Table 7. Diagnostic Register 1 (0x02) Load Diagnostics D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No load-diagnostic-created faults, default value FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Output short to ground channel 1 has occurred – – – – – – 1 – Output short to PVDD channel 1 has occurred – – – – – 1 – – Shorted load channel 1 has occurred – – – – 1 – – – Open load channel 1 has occurred – – – 1 – – – – Output short to ground channel 2 has occurred – – 1 – – – – – Output short to PVDD channel 2 has occurred – 1 – – – – – – Shorted load channel 2 has occurred 1 – – – – – – – Open load channel 2 has occurred Table 8. Diagnostic Register 2 (0x03) Load Diagnostics D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No load-diagnostic-created faults, default value FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Output short to ground channel 3 has occurred – – – – – – 1 – Output short to PVDD channel 3 has occurred – – – – – 1 – – Shorted load channel 3 has occurred – – – – 1 – – – Open load channel 3 has occurred – – – 1 – – – – Output short to ground channel 4 has occurred – – 1 – – – – – Output short to PVDD channel 4 has occurred – 1 – – – – – – Shorted load channel 4 has occurred 1 – – – – – – – Open load channel 4 has occurred Table 9. External Status Register 1 (0x04) Fault Detection 22 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No protection-created faults are present, default value FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 PVDD overvoltage fault is present – – – – – – 1 – PVDD undervoltage fault is present – – – – – 1 – – AVDD, analog voltage fault is present – – – – 1 – – – Charge-pump voltage fault is present – – – 1 – – – – Overtemperature shutdown is present – – 1 – – – – – Overtemperature warning – 1 1 – – – – – Overtemperature warning level 1 1 0 1 – – – – – Overtemperature warning level 2 1 1 1 – – – – – Overtemperature warning level 3 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 10. External Status Register 2 (0x05) Output State of Individual Channels D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Output is in Hi-Z mode, not in low-low mode(1), default value – – – – – – – 0 Channel 1 Hi-Z mode (0 = not Hi-Z, 1 = Hi-Z) – – – – – – 0 – Channel 2 Hi-Z mode (0 = not Hi-Z, 1 = Hi-Z) – – – – – 0 – – Channel 3 Hi-Z mode (0 = not Hi-Z, 1 = Hi-Z) – – – – 0 – – – Channel 4 Hi-Z mode (0 = not Hi-Z, 1 = Hi-Z) – – – 1 – – – – Channel 1 low-low mode (0 = not low-low, 1 = low-low) (1) – – 1 – – – – – Channel 2 low-low mode (0 = not low-low, 1 = low-low)(1) – 1 – – – – – – Channel 3 low-low mode (0 = not low-low, 1 = low-low)(1) 1 – – – – – – – Channel 4 low-low mode (0 = not low-low, 1 = low-low)(1) (1) FUNCTION Low-low is defined as both outputs actively pulled to ground. Table 11. External Status Register 3 (0x06) Play and Mute Modes D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mute mode is disabled, play mode disabled, default value, (Hi-Z mode) FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Channel 1 play mode is enabled – – – – – – 1 – Channel 2 play mode is enabled – – – – – 1 – – Channel 3 play mode is enabled – – – – 1 – – – Channel 4 play mode is enabled – – – 1 – – – – Channel 1 mute mode is enabled – – 1 – – – – – Channel 2 mute mode is enabled – 1 – – – – – – Channel 3 mute mode is enabled 1 – – – – – – – Channel 4 mute mode is enabled Table 12. External Status Register 4 (0x07) Load Diagnostics D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No channels are set in load diagnostics mode, default value FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Channel 1 is in load diagnostics mode – – – – – – 1 – Channel 2 is in load diagnostics mode – – – – – 1 – – Channel 3 is in load diagnostics mode – – – – 1 – – – Channel 4 is in load diagnostics mode – – – 1 – – – – Channel 1 is in Over Temperature Foldback – – 1 – – – – – Channel 2 is in Over Temperature Foldback – 1 – – – – – – Channel 3 is in Over Temperature Foldback 1 – – – – – – – Channel 4 is in Over Temperature Foldback Table 13. External Control Register 1 (0x08) Gain Select D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Set gain for all channels to 26 dB, default value – – – – – – 0 0 Set channel 1 gain to 12 dB – – – – – – 0 1 Set channel 1 gain to 20 dB – – – – – – 1 1 Set channel 1 gain to 32 dB – – – – 0 0 – – Set channel 2 gain to 12 dB – – – – 0 1 – – Set channel 2 gain to 20 dB – – – – 1 1 – – Set channel 2 gain to 32 dB – – 0 0 – – – – Set channel 3 gain to 12 dB – – 0 1 – – – – Set channel 3 gain to 20 dB – – 1 1 – – – – Set channel 3 gain to 32 dB Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated FUNCTION 23 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 13. External Control Register 1 (0x08) Gain Select (continued) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 – – – – – – Set channel 4 gain to 12 dB FUNCTION 0 1 – – – – – – Set channel 4 gain to 20 dB 1 1 – – – – – – Set channel 4 gain to 32 dB Table 14. External Control Register 2(0x09) Over Current Control D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 FUNCTION Current Limit Level 2 for all channels 0 Set Channel 1 Over Current Limit ( 0 - level 1, 1 - level 2) 0 Set Channel 2Over Current Limit ( 0 - level 1, 1 - level 2) 0 Set Channel 3Over Current Limit ( 0 - level 1, 1 - level 2) 0 Set Channel 4Over Current Limit ( 0 - level 1, 1 - level 2) X X X X Reserved Table 15. External Control Register 3 (0x0A) Switching Frequency Select and Clip_OTW Configuration D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FUNCTION 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Set fS = 417 kHz, report clip and OTW, 45° phase, disable hard stop – – – – – – 0 0 Set fS = 500 kHz – – – – – – 1 0 Set fS = 357 kHz – – – – – – 1 1 Invalid frequency selection (do not set) – – – – 0 0 – – Configure CLIP_OTW pin to report tweeter detect only – – – – 0 1 – – Configure CLIP_OTW pin to report clip detect only – – – – 1 0 – – Configure CLIP_OTW pin to report overtemperature warning only – – – 1 – – – – Enable hard-stop mode – – 1 – – – – – Set fS to a 180° phase difference between adjacent channels – 1 – – – – – – Send Sync Pulse from OSC_SYNC pin (Device must be in master mode) X – – – – – – – Reserved Table 16. External Control Register 4 (0x0B) Load Diagnostics and Master/Slave Control D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Clock output disabled, Master clock mode, DC Detection Enabled, Load diagnostics disabled FUNCTION – – – – – – – 1 Run channel 1 load diagnostics – – – – – – 1 – Run channel 2 load diagnostics – – – – – 1 – – Run channel 3 load diagnostics – – – – 1 – – – Run channel 4 load diagnostics – – – 0 – – – – Disable dc detection on all channels – – 1 – – – – – Enable tweeter-detect mode – 0 – – – – – – Enable slave mode (external oscillator must be provided) 1 – – – – – – – Enable clock output on OSC_SYNC pin (valid only in master mode) Table 17. External Control Register 5 (0x0C) Output Control 24 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FUNCTION 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 All channels, Hi-Z, mute, reset disabled – – – – – – – 0 Set channel 1 to mute mode, non-Hi-Z – – – – – – 0 – Set channel 2 to mute mode, non-Hi-Z – – – – – 0 – – Set channel 3 to mute mode, non-Hi-Z – – – – 0 – – – Set channel 4 to mute mode, non-Hi-Z Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 17. External Control Register 5 (0x0C) Output Control (continued) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 – – – 0 – – – – Set non-Hi-Z channels to play mode, (unmute) FUNCTION – 1 1 – – – – – Reserved 1 – – – – – – – Reset device Table 18. External Control Register 6 (0x0D) Output Control D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FUNCTION 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Low-low state disabled all channels – – – – – – – 1 Set channel 1 to low-low state – – – – – – 1 – Set channel 2 to low-low state – – – – – 1 – – Set channel 3 to low-low state – – – – 1 – – – Set channel 4 to low-low state X X X X – – – – Reserved D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Normal speed CM ramp, normal S2P & S2G timing, no delay between LDG phases, Crosstalk Enhancement Disabled, Default DC detect value (1.6V) - - - - - - 0 0 Minimum DC detect value (0.8V) - - - - - - 1 0 Maximum DC detect value (2.4V) - - - - - 1 - - Enable Crosstalk Enhancement - - - - 1 - - - Adds a 20mS delay between load diagnostic phases - - - 1 - - - - Short-to-Power (S2P) and Short-to-Ground (S2G) Load Diagnostic phases take 4x longer 1 - - - - - - - Slower common mode (CM) ramp down from Mute mode X X Table 19. External Control Register 7 (0x10) Miscellaneous Selection FUNCTION Reserved Table 20. External Status Register 5 (0x13) Over Temperature and Thermal Foldback Status D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Default Over temperature foldback status, no channel is in foldback FUNCTION 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Channel 1 in thermal foldback 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Channel 2 in thermal foldback 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Channel 3 in thermal foldback 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Channel 4 in thermal foldback 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Channel 1 in Over temperature shutdown 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Channel 2 in Over temperature shutdown 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel 3 in Over temperature shutdown 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel 4 in Over temperature shutdown Hardware Control Pins There are four discrete hardware pins for real-time control and indication of device status. FAULT pin: This active-low open-drain output pin indicates the presence of a fault condition that requires the device to go into the Hi-Z mode or standby mode. When this pin is asserted, the device has protected itself and the system from potential damage. The exact nature of the fault can be read via I2C with the exception of PVDD under-voltage faults below POR in which case the I2C bus is no longer operational. However, the fault is still indicated due to the fact that the FAULT pin is asserted. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 25 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com CLIP_OTW pin: This active-low open-drain pin is configured via I2C to indicate one of the following conditions: overtemperature warning, the detection of clipping, or the logical OR of both of these conditions. During tweeter detect diagnostics, this pin also is asserted when a tweeter is present. MUTE pin: This active-low pin is used for hardware control of the mute/unmute function for all four channels. Capacitor CMUTE is used to control the time constant for the gain ramp needed to produce a pop- and click-free mute function. For pop- and click-free operation, the mute function should be implemented through I2C commands. The use of a hard mute with an external transistor does not ensure pop- and click-free operation, and is not recommended unless an emergency hard mute function is required in case of a loss of I2C control. The CMUTE capacitor may not be shared between multiple devices. STANDBY pin: When this active-low pin is asserted, the device goes into a complete shutdown, and current draw is limited to 2 μA, typical. It can be used to shut down the device rapidly. If all channels are in Hi-Z the device will enter standby in ~1mS and if not a quick ramp down will occur that takes ~20mS. The outputs are ramped down quickly if not already in Hi-Z so externally biasing the MUTE pin will prevent the device from entering standby. All I2C register content is lost when this pin is asserted. The I2C bus goes into the high-impedance state when the STANDBY pin is asserted. EMI Considerations Automotive level EMI performance depends on both careful integrated circuit design and good system level design. Controlling sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) was a major consideration in all aspects of the design. The design has minimal parasitic inductances due to the short leads on the package. This dramatically reduces the EMI that results from current passing from the die to the system PCB. Each channel also operates at a different phase. The phase between channels is I2C selectable to either 45° or 180°, to reduce EMI caused by high-current switching. The design also incorporates circuitry that optimizes output transitions that cause EMI. AM Radio Avoidance To reduce interference in the AM radio band, the device has the ability to change the switching frequency via I2C commands. The recommended frequencies are listed in Table 21. The fundamental frequency and its second harmonic straddle the AM radio band listed. This eliminates the tones that can be present due to the switching frequency being demodulated by the AM radio. Table 21. Recommended Switching Frequencies for AM Mode Operation US EUROPEAN AM FREQUENCY (kHz) SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz) AM FREQUENCY (kHz) SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz) 540 - 670 417 522 - 675 417 680 - 980 500 676 - 945 500 990 - 1180 417 946 - 1188 417 1190 - 1420 500 1189 - 1422 500 1430 - 1580 417 1423 - 1584 417 1590 – 1700 500 1585 - 1701 500 Operating Modes and Faults The operating modes and faults are depicted in the following tables. Table 22. Operating Modes OUTPUT FETS CHARGE PUMP OSCILLATOR I2C AVDD and DVDD STANDBY Hi-Z, floating Stopped Stopped Stopped OFF Hi-Z Hi-Z, weak pulldown Active Active Active ON Mute Switching at 50% Active Active Active ON STATE NAME 26 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Table 22. Operating Modes (continued) STATE NAME OUTPUT FETS CHARGE PUMP OSCILLATOR I2C AVDD and DVDD Normal operation Switching with audio Active Active Active ON Table 23. Global Faults and Actions FAULT/ EVENT FAULT/EVENT CATEGORY POR Voltage fault UV REPORTING METHOD ACTION TYPE ACTION RESULT LATCHED/ SELFCLEARING All FAULT pin Hard mute (no ramp) Standby Self-clearing Hi-Z, mute, normal I2C + FAULT pin Hi-Z Latched MONITORING MODES CP UV OV Load dump All FAULT pin Standby Self-clearing OTW Thermal warning Hi-Z, mute, normal I2C + CLIP_OTW pin None None Self-clearing OTSD Thermal fault Hi-Z, mute, normal I2C + FAULT pin Hard mute (no ramp) Standby Latched Table 24. Channel Faults and Actions FAULT/ EVENT FAULT/EVENT CATEGORY MONITORING MODES REPORTING METHOD ACTION TYPE ACTION RESULT LATCHED/ SELFCLEARING Open/short diagnostic Diagnostic Hi-Z (I2C activated) I2C None None Latched Mute / Play CLIP_OTW pin Clipping Warning CBC load current limit Online protection OC fault Output channel fault I2C + FAULT pin DC detect OT Foldback Warning I2C + CLIP_OTW pin None None Self-clearing Current Limit Start OC timer Self-clearing Hard mute Hi-Z Latched Hard mute Hi-Z Latched Reduce Gain None Self-clearing Audio Shutdown and Restart Sequence The gain ramp of the filtered output signal and the updating of the I2C registers correspond to the MUTE pin voltage during the ramping process. The length of time that the MUTE pin takes to complete its ramp is dictated by the value of the external capacitor on the MUTE pin. With the default 220nF capacitor the turn-on common mode ramp takes ~26mS and the gain ramp takes ~76mS. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 27 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 tGAIN www.ti.com tCM tCM tGAIN HIZ_Report_x (All Channels) LOW_LOW_Report_x (All Channels) MUTE_Report_x (All Channels) PLAY_Report_x MUTE Pin OUTx_P (Filtered) (All Channels) OUTx_M (Filtered) (All Channels) T0192-02 Figure 18. Click- and Pop-Free Shutdown and Restart Sequence Timing Diagram 28 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com Latched Fault Shutdown and Restart Sequence Control tI2C_CL tDEGLITCH tCM tDEGLITCH PVDD UV Detect tGAIN PVDD Normal Operating Region UV Reset VUV + VUV_HY PVDD UV Hysteresis Region VUV VPOR HIZ_x 2 Internal I C Write MUTE_Report UV_DET Cleared by 2 UV_LATCH External I C Read to Fault Register 1 2 External I C Read FAULT Pin MUTE Pin Pop OUTx_P (Filtered) T0194-02 Figure 19. Latched Global Fault Shutdown and Restart Timing Diagram (UV Shutdown and Recovery) Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 29 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com tI2C_CL tDEGLITCH tCM tDEGLITCH PVDD VUV + VUV_HY UV Detect tGAIN PVDD Normal Operating Region UV Reset PVDD UV Hysteresis Region VUV VPOR 2 HIZ_Report_1 Internal I C Write HIZ_Report_2,3,4 MUTE_Report UV_DET Cleared by 2 UV_LATCH External I C Read to Fault Register 1 2 External I C Read FAULT Pin MUTE Pin OUT1_P (Filtered) OUT2,3,4_P (Filtered) Pop Pop Pop T0195-02 Figure 20. Latched Global Fault Shutdown and Individual Channel Restart Timing Diagram (UV Shutdown and Recovery) 30 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 21. TAS5414B-Q1 Typical Application Schematic Parallel Operation (PBTL) The device can drive more current paralleling BTL channels on the load side of the LC output filter. For parallel operation, identical I2C settings are required for any two paralleled channels in order to have reliable system Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 31 TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com performance and even power dissipation on multiple channels. For smooth power up, power down, and mute operation, the same control commands (such as mute, play, Hi-Z, etc.) should be sent to the paralleled channels at the same time. Load diagnostic is also supported for parallel connection. Paralleling on the device side of the LC output filter is not supported, and can result in device failure. When paralleling channels it is important to monitor channels for thermal foldback and lower the system gain for paralleled channels. Input Filter Design For the TAS5424B-Q1 device, the input filter for a single channel's P and M inputs should be identical. For the TAS5414B-Q1 the IN_M pin should have an impedance to GND that is equivalent to the parallel combination of the input impedances of all IN_P channels combined, including any source impedance from the previous stage in the system design. For example, if each of the 4 IN_P channels have a 1uF DC blocking capacitor, 1kΩ of series resistance due to an input RC filter, and 1kΩ of source resistance from the DAC supplying the audio signal, then the IN_M channel should have a 4uF capacitor in series with a 500Ω resistor to GND (4 x 1uF in parallel = 4uF; 4 x 2kΩ in parallel = 500Ω). Demodulation Filter Design The amplifier outputs are driven by high-current LDMOS transistors in an H-bridge configuration. These transistors are either fully off or on. The result is a square-wave output signal with a duty cycle that is proportional to the amplitude of the audio signal. It is recommended that a second-order LC filter be used to recover the audio signal. The main purpose of the demodulation filter is to attenuate the high-frequency components of the output signals that are out of the audio band. Design of the demodulation filter significantly affects the audio performance of the power amplifier. Therefore, to meet the system THD+N needs, the selection of the inductors used in the output filter should be carefully considered. The rule is that the inductance should stay above 10% of the inductance value within the range of peak current seen at maximum output power in the system design. Line Driver Applications In many automotive audio applications the end user would like to use the same head unit to drive either a speaker (with several Ohms of impedance) or an external amplifier (with several kOhms of impedance). The design is capable of supporting both applications; however, the output filter and system must be designed to handle the expected output load conditions. Thermal Information The thermally augmented package is designed to interface directly to heat sinks using a thermal interface compound (for example, Artic Silver, Ceramique thermal compound.) The heat sink then absorbs heat from the ICs and couples it to the local air. If louvers or fans are supplied, this process can reach equilibrium and heat can be continually removed from the ICs. Because of the device efficiency heat sinks can be smaller than those required for linear amplifiers of equivalent performance. RθJA is a system thermal resistance from junction to ambient air. As such, it is a system parameter with the following components: • RθJC (the thermal resistance from junction to case, or in this case the heat slug) • Thermal grease thermal resistance • Heat sink thermal resistance The thermal grease thermal resistance can be calculated from the exposed heat slug area and the thermal grease manufacturer's area thermal resistance (expressed in °C-in2/W or °C-mm2/W). The area thermal resistance of the example thermal grease with a 0.001-inch (0.0254-mm) thick layer is about 0.007°C-in2/W (4.52°C-mm2/W). The approximate exposed heat slug size is as follows: 36/44-pin PSOP3 64-pin QFP 0.124 in2 (80 mm2) 0.099 in2 (64 mm2) Dividing the example thermal grease area resistance by the area of the heat slug gives the actual resistance through the thermal grease for both parts: 32 Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated TAS5414B-Q1 TAS5424B-Q1 SLOS673 – DECEMBER 2011 www.ti.com 36/44-pin PSOP3 64-pin QFP 0.06°C/W 0.07°C/W The thermal resistance of thermal pads is generally considerably higher than a thin thermal grease layer. Thermal tape has an even higher thermal resistance and should not be used at all. Heat sink thermal resistance generally is predicted by the heat sink vendor, modeled using a continuous flow dynamics (CFD) model, or measured. Thus, for a single monaural channel in the IC, the system RθJA = RθJC + thermal grease resistance + heat sink resistance. The following table indicates modeled parameters for one device on a heat sink. The junction temperature is set at 115°C while delivering 20 Wrms per channel into 4-Ω loads with no clipping. It is assumed that the thermal grease is about 0.001 inches (0.0254 mm) thick. Device 36-Pin PSOP3 Ambient temperature 25°C Power to load 20 W × 4 Power dissipation 1.90 W × 4 ΔT inside package 7.6°C ΔT through thermal grease 0.46°C Required heatsink thermal resistance 10.78°C/W Junction temperature 115°C System RθJA 11.85°C/W RθJA × power dissipation 90°C Electrical Connection of Heat Slug and Heat Sink The heat sink connected to the heat slug of the device should be connected to GND or left floating. The heat slug should not be connected to any other electrical node. Copyright © 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated 33 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 29-Jun-2012 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/ Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) TAS5414BTPHDQ1 ACTIVE HTQFP PHD 64 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR TAS5414BTPHDRQ1 ACTIVE HTQFP PHD 64 1000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR Samples (Requires Login) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. 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Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device TAS5414BTPHDRQ1 Package Package Pins Type Drawing HTQFP PHD 64 SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) 1000 330.0 24.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 17.0 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 17.0 1.5 20.0 24.0 Q2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TAS5414BTPHDRQ1 HTQFP PHD 64 1000 367.0 367.0 45.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46C and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48B. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. 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