D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT FT D R R A A FT FT FT FT A A R R D D D D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R A F FT FT A A R R D Product data sheet D Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 D D D PCF8534A D FT FT A A R R D D D R A 1. General description FT A Single-chip LCD controller / driver Selectable backplane drive configuration: static or 2 / 3 / 4 backplane multiplexing 60 segment drives: up to thirty 8-segment numeric characters; up to sixteen 15-segment alphanumeric characters; or any graphics of up to 240 elements May be cascaded for larger applications 60 × 4-bit RAM for display data storage Wide LCD supply range: from 2.5 V for low threshold LCDs and up to 6.5 V for guest-host LCDs and high threshold (automobile) twisted nematic LCDs Internal LCD bias generation with voltage-follower buffers Selectable display bias configuration: static, 1⁄2 or 1⁄3 Wide logic power supply range: from 1.8 to 5.5 V LCD and logic supplies may be separated Low power consumption 400 kHz I2C-bus interface Compatible with 4-bit, 8-bit or 16-bit microprocessors/microcontrollers No external components Display memory bank switching in static and duplex drive modes Auto-incremented display data loading across device subaddress boundaries Versatile blinking modes TTL/CMOS compatible Manufactured in silicon gate CMOS process Automotive AEC-Q100 compliant. R 2. Features D The PCF8534A is a peripheral device which interfaces to almost any Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) with low multiplex rates. It generates the drive signals for any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 60 segments and can easily be cascaded for larger LCD applications. The PCF8534A is compatible with most microprocessors / microcontrollers and communicates via a two-line bidirectional I2C-bus. Communication overheads are minimized using a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing, hardware subaddressing and display memory switching (static and duplex drive modes). D D D D D R R R R R D R R R A FT R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT FT A A R R D D Package D Description Version D SOT315-1 FT R PCF8534AH PCF8534AH LQFP80 plastic low profile quad flat package; 80 leads; body 12 × 12 × 1.4 mm A Name R Topside mark D R FT FT A A R R D D D Ordering information FT FT FT FT Type number A A A A R R D D D Table 1. FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 3. Ordering information A A A A A NXP Semiconductors A PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 2 of 41 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx NXP Semiconductors PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet 4. Block diagram D FT FT R D A R A R FT D FT R FT D PCF8534A FT R A D FT A 3 of 41 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT FT D D D D R R R R A A A A F F F F T T T T Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D D D D R R R R A A A Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 Fig 1. PCF8534A block diagram D A R F D A A R FT D xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx NXP Semiconductors PCF8534A_0 61 S11 62 S12 63 S13 64 S14 65 S15 66 S16 67 S17 68 S18 69 S19 70 S20 71 S21 72 S22 73 S23 74 S24 75 S25 76 S26 77 S27 78 S28 79 S29 5.1 Pinning 80 S30 1 60 S10 S32 2 59 S9 S33 3 58 S8 S34 4 57 S7 S35 5 56 S6 S36 6 55 S5 S37 7 54 S4 S38 8 53 S3 S39 9 52 S2 S40 10 51 S1 S0 PCF8534A FT 40 n.c. CLK 37 n.c. 39 36 n.c. SCL 35 n.c. D R A FT Fig 2. PCF8534A pin configuration R FT D D A R FT A R FT D FT R FT D A 4 of 41 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. mdb073_03 PCF8534A 34 VDD 33 41 32 20 BP3 S50 BP2 SYNC 31 42 BP1 19 30 OSC S49 29 A0 43 BP0 44 18 S59 17 S48 28 S47 S58 A1 27 45 S57 16 S56 A2 S46 26 SA0 46 25 47 15 S55 14 S45 24 S44 S54 VSS S53 VLCD 48 23 49 13 22 12 S43 21 S42 S52 11 S51 S41 50 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT FT D D D D R R R R A A A A F F F F T T T T Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D D D D R R R R A A A Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 S31 SDA 38 Product data sheet 5. Pinning information D A R F D A A R FT D D D D D D R R R R R D R R 5 S35 45 A1 6 S36 46 A2 7 S37 47 SA0 8 S38 48 VSS 9 S39 49 VLCD 10 S40 50 S0 11 S41 51 S1 12 S42 52 S2 13 S43 53 S3 14 S44 54 S4 15 S45 55 S5 16 S46 56 S6 17 S47 57 S7 18 S48 58 S8 19 S49 59 S9 20 S50 60 S10 21 S51 61 S11 22 S52 62 S12 23 S53 63 S13 24 S54 64 S14 25 S55 65 S15 26 S56 66 S16 27 S57 67 S17 28 S58 68 S18 29 S59 69 S19 30 BP0 70 S20 31 BP1 71 S21 32 BP2 72 S22 33 BP3 73 S23 34 n.c. 74 S24 35 n.c. 75 S25 36 n.c. 76 S26 37 n.c. 77 S27 38 SDA 78 S28 39 SCL 79 S29 40 CLK 80 S30 R FT FT A A R D D R A FT D D A0 F 44 A S34 R 4 D OSC FT SYNC 43 R 42 S33 A S32 3 D 2 R VDD D 41 D S31 FT FT FT 1 A A A Symbol R R R Pin D D D Symbol FT FT FT FT Pin A A A A R R D D D Pin allocation table FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 2. A A A A A NXP Semiconductors R A FT D R Product data sheet A PCF8534A_0 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 5 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R R 38 I2C-bus serial data input / output SCL 39 I2C-bus serial clock input CLK 40 external clock input / output VDD 41 supply voltage SYNC 42 cascade synchronization input / output OSC 43 internal oscillator enable input FT FT A SDA A R Description D D R A FT D R A A0, A1 and A2 44 to 46 subaddress inputs SA0 47 I2C-bus slave address input: [0] VSS 48 logic ground VLCD 49 LCD supply voltage BP0, BP1, BP2 and BP3 30 to 33 LCD backplane outputs S0 to S59 50 to 80 LCD segment outputs and 1 to 29 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 F D D Pin A FT FT A A R R D D D Product data sheet FT FT FT FT Pin description Symbol PCF8534A_0 A A A A R R D D D 5.2 Pin description FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 3. A A A A A NXP Semiconductors 6 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R R FT FT A A R D D VSS F D D VSS A FT FT A A R R D D D VDD FT FT FT FT VDD A A A A R R D D D 6. Device protection diagram FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates handbook, full pagewidth A A A A A NXP Semiconductors R A FT SA0 D R A VDD CLK SCL VSS VDD VSS OSC VSS VDD SDA SYNC VSS VSS VDD A0, A1 A2 VSS VLCD BP0, BP1, BP2, BP3 VSS VLCD VLCD S0 to S59 VSS VSS MGL760v02 Fig 3. Device protection diagram 7. Functional description The PCF8534A is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface any microprocessor / microcontroller to a wide variety of LCDs. It can directly drive any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 60 segments. The display configurations possible with the PCF8534A depend on the number of active backplane outputs required; a selection of display configurations is given in Table 4. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 7 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT D R R FT FT FT FT Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates A A A A R R D D D NXP Semiconductors D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D D R A D FT FT A A R R D The host microprocessor / microcontroller maintains the 2-line I2C-bus communication channel with the PCF8534A. The internal oscillator is selected by connecting pin OSC to VSS. The appropriate biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally. The only other connections required to complete the system are the power supplies (VDD, VSS and VLCD) and the LCD panel selected for the application. F FT FT A A R R D D All of the display configurations given in Table 4 can be implemented in the typical system shown in Figure 4. D D R A 14 segment numeric Dot matrix Backplanes Segments Digits Indicator symbols Characters Indicator symbols 4 240 30 30 16 16 240 (4 × 60) 3 180 22 26 12 12 180 (3 × 60) 2 120 15 15 8 8 120 (2 × 60) 1 60 7 11 4 4 60 (1 × 60) VDD R tr 2CB VDD VLCD SDA HOST MICROPROCESSOR/ MICROCONTROLLER 60 segment drives SCL PCF8534A OSC 4 backplanes A0 A1 A2 LCD PANEL (up to 240 elements) SA0 VSS MGL744_04 VSS Fig 4. Typical system configuration 7.1 Power-on reset At power on the PCF8534A resets to a starting condition as follows: 1. All backplane outputs are set to VLCD. 2. All segment outputs are set to VLCD. 3. The drive mode ‘1 : 4 multiplex with 1⁄3 bias’ is selected. 4. Blinking is switched off. 5. Input and output bank selectors are reset. 6. The I2C-bus interface is initialized. 7. The data pointer and the subaddress counter are cleared. 8. Display disabled. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 8 of 41 A 7 segment numeric R Number of D Selection of display configurations FT Table 4. D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT D R R FT FT FT FT Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates A A A A R R D D D NXP Semiconductors D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D Data transfers on the I2C-bus must be avoided for 1 ms following power-on to allow completion of the reset action. D FT FT A A R R D 7.2 LCD bias generator D D R Fractional LCD biasing voltages are obtained from an internal voltage divider of the three series resistors connected between VLCD and VSS. The center resistor can be switched out of the circuit to provide a 1⁄2 bias voltage level for the 1:2 multiplex configuration. A Multiplex drive ratios of 1:3 and 1:4 with 1⁄2 bias are possible but the discrimination and hence the contrast ratios are smaller e.g.: 21 = 1.528⎞ for 1:4 multiplex 3 = 1.732 for 1:3 multiplex or ⎛ --------⎝ 3⎠ The advantage of these modes is a reduction of the LCD full-scale voltage VOP as follows: • 1:3 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V OP = 6 × V OFF ( rms ) = 2.449V OFF ( rms ) 4 × 3) - = 2.309V OFF ( rms ) • 1:4 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V OP = (-------------------3 These compare with VOP = 3 × VOFF(rms) when 1⁄3 bias is used. Note: VOP = VLCD. Table 5. LCD drive mode Preferred LCD drive modes: summary of characteristics Number of: Backplanes LCD bias configuration Levels V OFF ( ms ) ----------------------V OP V ON ( ms ) -------------------V OP V ON ( ms ) D = ---------------------V OFF ( ms ) static 1 2 static 0 1 ∞ 1:2 2 3 1⁄ 2 0.354 0.791 2.236 1:2 2 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.745 2.236 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.638 1.915 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.577 1.732 1:3 1:4 3 4 PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 9 of 41 A A practical value for VOP is determined by equating VOFF(rms) with a defined LCD threshold voltage (VTH), typically when the LCD exhibits approximately 10 % contrast. In the static drive mode a suitable choice is VOP > 3 VTH. R The biasing configurations that apply to the preferred modes of operation, together with the biasing characteristics as functions of VOP and the resulting discrimination ratios (D), are shown in Table 5. D The LCD voltage selector co-ordinates the multiplexing of the LCD in accordance with the selected LCD drive configuration. The operation of the voltage selector is controlled by MODE SET commands from the command decoder. FT 7.3 LCD voltage selector D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT D D R The static LCD drive mode is used when a single backplane is provided in the LCD. Backplane and segment drive waveforms for this mode are shown in Figure 5. FT A A R R D 7.4.1 Static drive mode A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.4 LCD drive mode waveforms FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors A FT D R A Tframe LCD segments VLCD BP0 VSS state 1 (on) VLCD state 2 (off) Sn VSS VLCD Sn+1 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD state 1 0V −VLCD VLCD state 2 0V −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. mgl745 Vstate1(t) = Vsn(t) − VBP0(t). VON(rms) = VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(sn + 1)(t) − VBP0(t). VOFF(rms) = 0 V. Fig 5. Static drive mode waveforms PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 10 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT FT A A R R D D When two backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:2 multiplex mode applies. The PCF8534A allows the use of 1⁄2 bias or 1⁄3 bias in this mode as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. FT A A R R D D D 7.4.2 1:2 Multiplex drive mode FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D D R A FT D Tframe R A VLCD BP0 LCD segments VLCD/2 VSS state 1 VLCD BP1 state 2 VLCD/2 VSS VLCD Sn VSS VLCD Sn+1 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD VLCD/2 state 1 0V −VLCD/2 −VLCD VLCD VLCD/2 state 2 0V −VLCD/2 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. mgl746 Vstate1(t) = Vsn(t) − VBP0(t). VON(rms) = 0.791 VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(sn)(t) − VBP1(t). VOFF(rms) = 0.354 VLCD. Fig 6. Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄2 bias PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 11 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R R FT FT A A R D D R A FT D R 2VLCD/3 A VLCD/3 VSS 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+1 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 1 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 2 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. mgl747 Vstate1(t) = Vsn(t) − VBP0(t). VON(rms) = 0.745 VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(sn)(t) − VBP1(t). VOFF(rms) = 0.333 VLCD. Fig 7. Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet F D D state 1 state 2 VLCD Sn A FT FT A A R R D D D VLCD/3 VSS VLCD BP1 FT FT FT FT BP0 LCD segments 2VLCD/3 A A A A R R D D D Tframe FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates VLCD A A A A A NXP Semiconductors © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 12 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A FT When three backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:3 multiplex drive mode applies, as shown in Figure 8. F FT A A R R D D D 7.4.3 1:3 Multiplex drive mode FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D D D R A R LCD segments A 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS state 1 VLCD BP1 D BP0 FT Tframe VLCD state 2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD BP2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+1 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 1 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 2 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. mgl748 Vstate1(t) = Vsn(t) − VBP0(t). VON(rms) = 0.638 VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(sn)(t) − VBP1(t). VOFF(rms) = 0.333 VLCD. Fig 8. Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 13 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A FT FT FT A A R R D D When four backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:4 multiplex drive mode applies, as shown in Figure 9. F FT A A R R D D D 7.4.4 1:4 Multiplex drive mode FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D D R A LCD segments R 2VLCD/3 A VLCD/3 VSS state 1 VLCD BP1 D BP0 FT Tframe VLCD state 2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD BP2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD BP3 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+1 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+2 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD Sn+3 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 1 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 2 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. mgl749 Vstate1(t) = Vsn(t) − VBP0(t). VON(rms) = 0.577 VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(sn)(t) − VBP1(t). VOFF(rms) = 0.333 VLCD. Fig 9. Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 14 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT The internal logic and the LCD drive signals of the PCF8534A are timed either by the built-in oscillator or from an external clock. When the internal oscillator is used, you must connect pin OSC to VSS. In this event, the output from pin CLK provides the clock signal for cascaded PCF8534As in the system. After power-up, SDA must be HIGH to guarantee that the clock starts. FT A A R R D 7.5.1 Internal clock FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.5 Oscillator A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D R A 7.6 Timing The timing of the PCF8534A organizes the internal data flow of the device. This includes the transfer of display data from the display RAM to the display segment outputs. In cascaded applications the synchronization signal (SYNC) maintains the correct timing relationship between the PCF8534As in the system. The timing also generates the LCD frame frequency which it derives as an integer division of the clock frequency (see Table 6). The frame frequency is a fixed division of the internal clock or of the frequency applied to pin CLK when an external clock is used. 7.7 Display register The display latch holds the display data while the corresponding multiplex signals are generated. There is a one-to-one relationship between the data in the display latch, the LCD segment outputs and one column of the display RAM. 7.8 Segment outputs The LCD drive section includes 60 segment outputs (S0 to S59) which must be connected directly to the LCD. The segment output signals are generated in accordance with the multiplexed backplane signals and with data resident in the display latch. When less than 60 segment outputs are required the unused segment outputs must be left open-circuit. 7.9 Backplane outputs The LCD drive section includes four backplane outputs: BP0 to BP3. The backplane output signals are generated in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. • In the 1:4 multiplex drive mode BP0 to BP3 must be connected directly to the LCD. If less than four backplane outputs are required the unused outputs can be left open-circuit. • In the 1:3 multiplex drive mode BP3 carries the same signal as BP1, therefore these two adjacent outputs can be tied together to give enhanced drive capabilities. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 15 of 41 A A clock signal must always be supplied to the device; removing the clock may freeze the LCD in a DC state. R The clock frequency (fCLK) determines the LCD frame frequency. D The condition for external clock is made by tying pin OSC to VDD; pin CLK then becomes the external clock input. FT 7.5.2 External clock D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D D R A FT FT A A R R D D • In the static drive mode the same signal is carried by all four backplane outputs and F FT FT A A R R D D • In the 1:2 multiplex drive mode BP0 and BP2, BP1 and BP3 respectively carry the they can be connected in parallel for very high drive requirements. A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates same signals and may also be paired to increase the drive capabilities. FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D D R A FT 7.10 Display RAM D In the 1:3 multiplex drive mode these bits are placed in bits 0, 1 and 2 of three successive addresses, with bit 2 of the third address left unchanged. This last bit may, if necessary, be controlled by an additional transfer to this address but care should be taken to avoid overriding adjacent data because full bytes are always transmitted. In the 1:4 multiplex drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in bits 0, 1, 2 and 3 of two successive display RAM addresses. Table 6. LCD frame frequencies Frame frequency f CLK ----------24 Nominal frame frequency (Hz) 64 PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 16 of 41 A When display data is transmitted to the PCF8534A the display bytes received are stored in the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. The data is stored as it arrives and does not wait for the acknowledge cycle as with the commands. Depending on the current MUX mode data is stored singularly, in pairs, triplets or quadruplets. e.g. in 1:2 MUX mode the RAM data is stored every second bit. To illustrate the filling order, an example of a 7-segment numeric display showing all drive modes is given in Figure 11; the RAM filling organization depicted applies equally to other LCD types. With reference to Figure 11, in the static drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in bit 0 of eight successive display RAM addresses. In the 1:2 multiplex drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in bits 0 and 1 of four successive display RAM addresses. R The display RAM is a static 60 × 4-bit RAM which stores LCD data. A logic 1 in the RAM bit map indicates the on-state of the corresponding LCD segment; similarly, a logic 0 indicates the off-state. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the RAM addresses and the segment outputs, and between the individual bits of a RAM word and the backplane outputs. The first RAM column corresponds to the 60 segments operated with respect to backplane BP0 (see Figure 10). In multiplexed LCD applications the segment data of the second, third and fourth column of the display RAM are time-multiplexed with BP1, BP2 and BP3 respectively. D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT R FT FT A A R D D R DISPLAY2!-BITS COLUMNS BACKPLANEOUTPUTS "0 A FT D R A -',V Fig 10. Display RAM bit map showing direct relationship between backplane outputs, display RAM addresses and segment outputs, and between bits in a RAM word and backplane outputs 7.11 Data pointer The addressing mechanism for the display RAM is realized using the data pointer. This allows the loading of an individual display data byte, or a series of display data bytes, into any location of the display RAM. The sequence commences with the initialization of the data pointer by the LOAD DATA POINTER command. Following this, an arriving data byte is stored starting at the display RAM address indicated by the data pointer thereby observing the filling order shown in Figure 11. The data pointer is automatically incremented in accordance with the chosen LCD configuration. That is, after each byte is stored, the contents of the data pointer are incremented • • • • by eight (static drive mode), by four (1:2 multiplex drive mode), by three (1:3 multiplex drive mode) or by two (1:4 multiplex drive mode). If an I2C-bus data access is terminated early then the state of the data pointer is unknown. The data pointer must be re-written prior to further RAM accesses. 7.12 Subaddress counter The storage of display data is conditioned by the contents of the subaddress counter. Storage is allowed to take place only when the contents of the subaddress counter agree with the hardware subaddress applied to A0, A1 and A2. The subaddress counter value is defined by the DEVICE SELECT command. If the contents of the subaddress counter and the hardware subaddress do not agree then data storage is inhibited but the data pointer is incremented as if data storage had taken place. The subaddress counter is also incremented when the data pointer overflows. The storage arrangements described lead to extremely efficient data loading in cascaded applications. When a series of display bytes are sent to the display RAM, automatic wrap-over to the next PCF8534A occurs when the last RAM address is exceeded. Subaddressing across device boundaries is successful even if the change to the next device in the cascade occurs within a transmitted character (such as during the 27th display data byte transmitted in 1:3 multiplex mode). PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet F D D A FT FT R A A D R R R A D D D R FT FT A A R R D D D FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D DISPLAY2!-ADDRESSESROWSSEGMENTOUTPUTS3 FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates HANDBOOKFULLPAGEWIDTH A A A A A NXP Semiconductors © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 17 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D The hardware subaddress should not be changed whilst the device is being accessed on the I2C-bus interface. D FT FT A A R R D 7.13 Output bank selector A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D R The output bank selector selects one of the four bits per display RAM address for transfer to the display latch. The actual bit selected depends on the particular LCD drive mode in operation and on the instant in the multiplex sequence. A The PCF8534A includes a RAM bank switching feature in the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes. In the static drive mode, the BANK SELECT command may request the contents of bit 2 to be selected for display instead of the contents of bit 0. In the 1:2 drive mode, the contents of bits 2 and 3 may be selected instead of bits 0 and 1. This gives the provision for preparing display information in an alternative bank and to be able to switch to it once it is assembled. 7.14 Input bank selector The input bank selector loads display data into the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive configuration. Display data can be loaded in bit 2 in static drive mode or in bits 2 and 3 in 1:2 drive mode by using the BANK SELECT command. The input bank selector functions independently to the output bank selector. 7.15 Blinker The display blinking capabilities of the PCF8534A are very versatile. The whole display can be blinked at frequencies selected by the BLINK command. The blinking frequencies are fractions of the clock frequency. The ratios between the clock and blinking frequencies depend on the mode in which the device is operating, see Table 7. An additional feature is for an arbitrary selection of LCD segments to be blinked. This applies to the static and 1:2 LCD drive modes and is implemented without any communication overheads. By means of the output bank selector, the displayed RAM banks are exchanged with alternate RAM banks at the blinking frequency. This mode can also be specified by the BLINK command. In the 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex modes, where no alternate RAM bank is available, groups of LCD segments can be blinked by selectively changing the display RAM data at fixed time intervals. If the entire display is to be blinked at a frequency other than the nominal blinking frequency, this can be effectively performed by resetting and setting the display enable bit E at the required rate using the MODE SET command. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 18 of 41 A The SYNC signal will reset these sequences to the following starting points; bit 3 for 1:4 multiplex, bit 2 for 1:3 multiplex, bit 1 for 1:2 multiplex and bit 0 for static mode. R • In 1:3 multiplex, bits 0, 1 and 2 are selected sequentially. • In 1:2 multiplex, bits 0 and 1 are selected and, • in the static mode, bit 0 is selected. D contents of bit 1, bit 2 and then bit 3. FT • In 1:4 multiplex, all RAM addresses of bit 0 are selected, these are followed by the D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R FT R F D Blinking off FT FT A A R R D - D D R A FT 2 Hz D R A 1 Hz 0.5 Hz © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 A FT FT A A R R D D D “Off” PCF8534A_0 A FT FT A A R R R Normal blinking frequency “0.5 Hz” Product data sheet D D D Normal operating mode ratio “1 Hz” FT FT FT FT Blinking mode f CLK ---------768 f CLK ----------1536 f CLK ----------3072 A A A A R R D D D Table 7. Blinking frequencies Assuming that fCLK= 1536 Hz. FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates “2 Hz” A A A A A NXP Semiconductors 19 of 41 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx LCD segments b f g e Sn+5 Sn+7 c Sn+1 DP bit/ BP BP1 Sn+1 Sn+2 DP b f e BP1 c Sn BP2 DP b BP0 n 6 n 7 c x x x b x x x a x x x f x x x g x x x e x x x d x x x DP x x x n n 1 n 2 n 3 a b x x f g x x e c x x d DP x x n n 1 n 2 b DP c x a d g x f e x x n n 1 a c b DP f e g d LSB c b a f g e d DP e bit/ BP BP1 c d MSB a b f LSB g e c d DP 0 1 2 3 MSB LSB b DP c a d g f e BP2 g Sn+1 0 1 2 3 a f multiplex n 5 Sn bit/ BP d 1:4 n 4 BP0 a g multiplex n 3 BP3 0 1 2 3 MSB LSB a c b DP f e g d DP FT D Fig 11. Relationship between LCD layout, drive mode, display RAM filling order and display data transmitted over the I2C-bus R A FT R FT D D A R FT A R FT D FT R FT D A 20 of 41 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. X = data bit unchanged PCF8534A mgl751 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT FT D D D D R R R R A A A A F F F F T T T T Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D D D D R R R R A A A Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 c d Sn+3 1:3 n 2 b f e Sn+2 0 1 2 3 a g multiplex n 1 BP0 Sn 1:2 n MSB bit/ BP Sn d Sn+6 BP0 transmitted display byte Sn+1 Sn+4 static display RAM filling order a Sn+2 Sn+3 LCD backplanes NXP Semiconductors PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet drive mode D A R F D A A R FT D D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT FT A A R R D 8.1 Characteristics of the I2C-bus A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 8. Basic architecture FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D D The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a Serial Data line (SDA) and a Serial Clock Line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer is initiated only when the bus is not busy. R A data line stable; data valid change of data allowed mba607 Fig 12. Bit transfer 8.1.1.1 START and STOP conditions Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH, is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH, is defined as the STOP condition (P). The START and STOP conditions are illustrated in Figure 13. SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition mbc622 Fig 13. Definition of START and STOP conditions 8.1.2 System configuration A device generating a message is a ‘transmitter’, a device receiving a message is the ‘receiver’. The device that controls the message is the ‘master’ and the devices which are controlled by the master are the ‘slaves’. The system configuration is illustrated in Figure 14. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 21 of 41 A SCL R SDA D One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as a control signal. Bit transfer is illustrated in Figure 12. FT 8.1.1 Bit transfer D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F D FT FT A A R R D MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER A FT FT A A R R D D D MASTER TRANSMITTER A A A A R R D D D SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D SDA R A D mga807 FT SCL R A Fig 14. System configuration 8.1.3 Acknowledge The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level signal put on the bus by the transmitter during which time the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. • A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. • Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. • The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration). • A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP condition. Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is illustrated in Figure 15. data output by transmitter not acknowledge data output by receiver acknowledge SCL from master 1 2 8 9 S START condition clock pulse for acknowledgement mbc602 Fig 15. Acknowledgement of the I2C-bus PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 22 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F FT FT The PCF8534A acts as an I2C-bus slave receiver. It does not initiate I2C-bus transfers or transmit data to an I2C-bus master receiver. The only data output from the PCF8534A are the acknowledge signals of the selected devices. Device selection depends on the I2C-bus slave address, on the transferred command data and on the hardware subaddress. A A A R R D D D 8.1.4 PCF8534A I2C-bus controller A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D D D R A FT D To enhance noise immunity in electrically adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are provided on the SDA and SCL lines. 8.1.6 I2C-bus protocol Two I2C-bus slave addresses (01110000 and 01110010) are reserved for the PCF8534A. The least significant bit of the slave address that a PCF8534A will respond to is defined by the level tied at its input SA0. The PCF8534A is a write only device and will not respond to a read access. Two types of PCF8534A can be distinguished on the same I2C-bus which allows: • Up to 16 PCF8534As on the same I2C-bus for very large LCD applications • The use of two types of LCD multiplex on the same I2C-bus. The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Figure 16. The sequence is initiated with a START condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by one of the two PCF8534A slave addresses available. All PCF8534As with the corresponding SA0 level acknowledge in parallel to the slave address, but all PCF8534As with the alternative SA0 level ignore the whole I2C-bus transfer. After acknowledgement, a control byte follows which defines if the next byte is RAM or command information. The control byte also defines if the next following byte is a control byte or further RAM/command data. In this way it is possible to configure the device then fill the display RAM with little overhead. The command bytes and control bytes are also acknowledged by all addressed PCF8534As connected to the bus. The display bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer and the subaddress counter. Both data pointer and subaddress counter are automatically updated and the data is directed to the intended PCF8534A device. The acknowledgement after each byte is made only by the (A0, A1 and A2) addressed PCF8534A. After the last display byte, the I2C-bus master issues a STOP condition (P). Alternatively a START may be issued to RESTART an I2C-bus access. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 23 of 41 A 8.1.5 Input filters R In single device application, the hardware subaddress inputs A0, A1 and A2 are normally tied to VSS which defines the hardware subaddress 0. In multiple device applications A0, A1 and A2 are tied to VSS or VDD in accordance with a binary coding scheme such that no two devices with a common I2C-bus slave address have the same hardware subaddress. D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F D FT FT A A R R D L S P B A FT FT A A R R D D D RAM/command byte M A S B FT FT FT FT control byte S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A Co RS 0 A A A A R R D D D R/W = 0 FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates slave address A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D R A FT D EXAMPLES a) transmit two bytes of RAM data R A S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 0 1 0 RAM DATA A RAM DATA A A COMMAND A 0 0 A COMMAND A P A COMMAND A 0 1 A RAM DATA A A P b) transmit two command bytes S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 1 0 0 c) transmit one command byte and two RAM date bytes S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 1 0 0 RAM DATA A P mgl752 Fig 16. I2C-bus protocol MSB Co LSB RS UNUSED mgl753 (1) Co = 0; last control byte (2) Co = 1; control bytes continue (3) RS = 0; data is a command byte (4) RS = 1; data is a display byte Fig 17. Control byte format 8.2 Command decoder The command decoder identifies command bytes that arrive on the I2C-bus. The five commands available to the PCF8534A are defined in Table 8. Table 8. Definition of PCF8534A commands Command OPCODE Options Description Mode set 1 1 0 0 E B M1 M0 Table 9 defines LCD drive mode Table 10 defines LCD bias configuration Table 11 defines display status; the possibility to disable the display allows implementation of blinking under external control Load data pointer 0 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 Table 12 7 bits of immediate data, bits P6 to P0, are transferred to the data pointer to define one of 8 hardware subaddresses Device select 3 bits of immediate data, bits A0 to A3, are transferred to the subaddress counter to define one of 8 hardware subaddresses 1 1 1 0 0 A2 A1 A0 Table 13 PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 24 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R OPCODE Options Description Bank select 1 1 1 1 1 0 I 0 Table 14 defines input bank selection (storage of arriving display data) Table 15 defines output bank selection (retrieval of LCD display data); the BANK SELECT command has no effect in 1:3 or 1:4 multiplex drive modes Table 16 defines the blinking frequency Table 17 selects the blinking mode; normal operation with frequency set by BF1, BF0 or blinking by alteration of display RAM banks. Alteration blinking does not apply in 1:3 or 1:4 multiplex drive modes. F FT FT Command A A A R R D D D Definition of PCF8534A commands FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 8. A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D M0 static 1 0 1 1:2 MUX 2 1 0 1:3 MUX 3 1 1 1:4 MUX 4 0 0 Mode set option 2 Bit B bias 0 1⁄ 2 bias 1 Table 11. Mode set option 3 Display status Bit E disabled (blank) 0 enabled 1 Table 12. Load data pointer option Description Bits 7 bit ordinary value of 0 to 59 P6 Table 13. P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 Device select option Description Bits 3 bit binary value of 0 to 7 A2 Table 14. A1 A0 Blank select option 1 (input) Static 1:2 MUX Bit I RAM bit 0 RAM bits 0 and 1 0 RAM bit 2 RAM bits 2 and 3 1 PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet A M1 1⁄ 3 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 R Backplane LCD bias D Bits Drive mode Table 10. D Mode set option 1 LCD drive mode FT Table 9. A 1 0 R 1 1 1 1 0 A BF BF D Blink 25 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT R F FT A A D R A FT FT A D D 1 R RAM bits 2 and 3 D RAM bit 2 FT 0 A RAM bits 0 and 1 D R R RAM bit 0 R A D D Bit 0 D R FT FT A A R R D D D 1:2 MUX FT FT FT FT Static A A A A R R D D D Blank select option 2 (output) FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 15. A A A A A NXP Semiconductors R A FT Blink option 1 R Bits A Blink frequency D Table 16. BF1 BF0 off 0 0 2 Hz 0 1 1 Hz 1 0 0.5 Hz 1 1 Table 17. Blink option 2 Blink mode Bit A normal blinking 0 alteration blinking 1 [1] [1] Normal blinking is assumed when the multiplex rates 1:3 or 1:4 are selected. 8.3 Display controller The display controller executes the commands identified by the command decoder. It contains the status registers of the PCF8534A and co-ordinates their effects. The controller is also responsible for loading display data into the display RAM as required by the filling order. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 26 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT R FT FT A A R D R A FT V D 6.5 D VSS − 0.5 7.5 V input voltage on pins SDA, SCL, CLK, SYNC, SA0, OSC and A0 to A2 −0.5 6.5 V VO output voltage on pins SDA, SCL, CLK, SYNC, SA0, OSC and A0 to A2 −0.5 7.5 V IDD supply current −50 +50 mA ILCD LCD supply current −50 +50 mA ISS ground supply current −50 +50 mA II input current −10 +10 mA IO output current −10 +10 mA R LCD supply voltage A PTOT total power dissipation - 400 mW POUT power dissipation per output - 100 mW TSTG storage temperature −65 +150 °C VESD electrostatic discharge voltage HBM ±2000 V MM ±200 V CDM ±2000 V 100 mA 10. Static characteristics Table 19. Static characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; TAMB = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 1.8 - 5.5 V 6.5 V Supplies VDD supply voltage VLCD LCD supply voltage IDD supply current fCLK = 1536 Hz [1] ILCD LCD supply current fCLK = 1536 Hz [1] 2.5 - - 8 20 μA - 24 60 μA VDD + 0.5 V Logic VI Input voltage VSS − 0.5 VIL LOW-level input voltage on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC, A0 to A2 and SA0 VSS - 0.3 VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC, A0 to A2 and SA0 0.7 VDD - VDD V VPOR power-on reset voltage 1.0 1.3 1.6 V PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 F D D Unit VLCD latch-up current A FT FT Max VI ILU R A A −0.5 D R R supply voltage R A D D VDD D R FT FT A A R R D D D Conditions Min FT FT FT FT Table 18. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Parameter A A A A R R D D D 9. Limiting values FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Symbol A A A A A NXP Semiconductors 27 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R Max Unit IOL1 LOW-level output current on pins CLK and SYNC VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V 1 - - mA IOH1 HIGH-level output current on pin CLK VOH = 4.6 V; VDD = 5 V −1 - - mA IL1 leakage current on pins SA0, VI = VDD or VSS A0 to A2, CLK −1 - +1 μA IL2 leakage current on pin OSC −1 - +1 μA CI input capacitance - - 7 pF F Typ D Min FT FT A A R R D Conditions A FT Parameter FT A A R R D D D Symbol D D R A FT D R [2] VI Input voltage VSS −0.5 - 5.5 V VIL(SCL) LOW-level input voltage VSS - 0.3 VDD V VIL(SDA) LOW-level input voltage VSS - 0.2 VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage 0.7 VDD - 5.5 V IOL2 LOW-level output current on pin SDA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V 3 - - mA IL3 leakage current VI = VDD or VSS input capacitance −1 - +1 μA [2] - - 7 pF LCD outputs VBP DC voltage component on pins BP0 to BP3 CBP = 35 nF [4] −100 - +100 mV VS DC voltage component on pins S0 to S59 CS = 5 nF [5] −100 - +100 mV RBP output resistance at pins BP0 VLCD = 5 V to BP3 [3] - 1.5 10 kΩ RS output resistance at pins S0 to S59 [3] - 6.0 13.5 kΩ VLCD = 5 V [1] LCD outputs are open circuit; inputs at VSS or VDD; external clock with 50 % duty factor; I2C-bus inactive. [2] Not tested, design spec only. [3] Outputs measured individually and sequentially. [4] CBP = backplane capacitance. [5] CS = segment capacitance. 11. Dynamic characteristics Table 20. Dynamic characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; TAMB = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions fCLK(int) oscillator frequency on pin CLK (internal clock) VDD = 5 V Min Typ Max Unit 960 1536 3046 Hz fCLK(ext) oscillator frequency on pin CLK (external clock) VDD = 5 V 797 1536 3046 Hz tCLKH input CLK HIGH time 130 - - μs tCLKL input CLK LOW time 130 - - μs tr CLK rise time - - - ns tf CLK fall time - - - ns PCF8534A_0 [1] © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 28 of 41 A VI = VDD I2C-bus; pins SDA and SCL Product data sheet A A A A R R D D D Table 19. Static characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; TAMB = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates CI A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT D tSYNCL SYNC LOW time 1 - - μs td(PLCD) driver propagation delay - - 30 μs A R FT FT ns D D R A R A fSCL SCL clock frequency - - 400 kHz tBUF bus free time between a STOP and START 1.3 - - μs tHD;STA hold time (repeated) START condition 0.6 - - μs tSU;STA set-up time for a repeated START condition 0.6 - - μs tLOW LOW period of the SCL clock 1.3 - - μs tHIGH HIGH period of the SCL clock 0.6 - - μs tr SCL and SDA rise time - - tf SCL and SDA fall time - Cb capacitive bus line load - tSU;DAT data set-up time 100 tHD;DAT data hold time 0 - - ns tSU;STO set-up time for STOP condition 0.6 - - μs tSW tolerable spike pulse width on bus - - 50 ns - 0.3 μs 0.3 μs 400 pF ns [1] Typical output duty cycle of 50 %. [2] All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD. 1/ fCLK tCLKL 0.7VDD CLK 0.3VDD tr tf 0.7VDD SYNC 0.3VDD td(p)(SYNC) td(p)(SYNC) tSYNCL 0.5 V BP0 to BP3, and S0 to S59 (VDD = 5 V) 0.5 V tPLCD MGL761v03 Fig 18. Driver timing waveforms PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 FT [2] D - F 30 R - tCLKH A Unit D SYNC propagation delay time D Max A FT FT A A R R R Typ VLCD = 5 V R A D D Min Timing characteristic: I2C-bus D R FT FT A A R R D D D td(p)SYNC Conditions FT FT FT FT Parameter A A A A R R D D D Table 20. Dynamic characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 6.5 V; TAMB = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Symbol A A A A A NXP Semiconductors 29 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT D R R FT FT FT FT Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates A A A A R R D D D NXP Semiconductors D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT FT A A R R D SDA D D t LOW R tf A t BUF FT D R A SCL t HD;STA tr t HD;DAT t HIGH t SU;DAT SDA t SU;STA t SU;STO mga728 Fig 19. I2C-bus timing waveforms 12. Application information 12.1 Cascaded operation In large display configurations, up to 16 PCF8534As can be distinguished on the same I2C-bus by using the 3-bit hardware subaddress (A0, A1 and A2) and the programmable I2C-bus slave address (SA0). When cascaded PCF8534As are synchronized they can share the backplane signals from one of the devices in the cascade. Such an arrangement is cost-effective in large LCD applications since the backplane outputs of only one device need to be through-plated to the backplane electrodes of the display. The other PCF8534As of the cascade contribute additional segment outputs but their backplane outputs are left open-circuit (see Figure 20). The SYNC line is provided to maintain the correct synchronization between all cascaded PCF8534As. This synchronization is guaranteed after the power-on reset. The only time that SYNC is likely to be needed is if synchronization is accidentally lost (e.g. by noise in adverse electrical environments, or by the definition of a multiplex mode when PCF8534As with different SA0 levels are cascaded). SYNC is organized as an input / output pin; the output selection being realized as an open-drain driver with an internal pull-up resistor. A PCF8534A asserts the SYNC line at the onset of its last active backplane signal and monitors the SYNC line at all other times. If synchronization in the cascade is lost, it is restored by the first PCF8534A to assert SYNC. The timing relationship between the backplane waveforms and the SYNC signal for the various drive modes of the PCF8534A are shown in Figure 21. The contact resistance between the SYNC pins of cascaded devices must be controlled. If the resistance is too high then the device will not be able to synchronize properly. Table 21 shows the limiting values for contact resistance. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 30 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R R D R F FT A A D R A FT FT A D D R A FT D R 700 Ω R 11 to 16 D 1200 Ω FT 2200 Ω 6 to 10 A 3 to 5 FT R R 6000 Ω A D D 2 D R FT FT A A R R D D D Maximum contact resistance FT FT FT FT Number of devices A A A A R R D D D SYNC contact resistance FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 21. A A A A A NXP Semiconductors A handbook, full pagewidth VDD VLCD SDA 60 segment drives SCL SYNC LCD PANEL PCF8534A CLK OSC A0 A1 SA0 VSS A2 BP0 to BP3 (open-circuit) VLCD VDD R tr 2CB HOST MICROPROCESSOR/ MICROCONTROLLER VDD VLCD SDA 60 segment drives SCL SYNC PCF8534A CLK 4 backplanes BP0 to BP3 OSC VSS A0 A1 A2 SA0 VSS mgl754_03 Fig 20. Cascaded PCF8534A configuration PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 31 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT D R R FT FT FT FT Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates A A A A R R D D D NXP Semiconductors D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D FT FT A A R R D D D R A FT D R A Fig 21. Synchronization of the cascade for various PCF8534A drive modes 13. Test information idth SYNC 6.8 Ω (2%) CLK 3.3 k Ω (2%) BP0 to BP3, and S0 to S59 VDD 0.5VDD SDA, SCL 1.5 k Ω (2%) VDD 1 nF VSS MGS120v02 Fig 22. Test loads PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 32 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F D A R R D LQFP80: plastic low profile quad flat package; 80 leads; body 12 x 12 x 1.4 mm A FT FT A A R R D D D 14. Package outline FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors FT FT A SOT315-1 D D R A FT D R A c y X A 60 41 40 Z E 61 e E HE A A2 (A 3) A1 wM θ bp Lp L pin 1 index 80 21 1 detail X 20 ZD e v M A wM bp D B HD v M B 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e mm 1.6 0.16 0.04 1.5 1.3 0.25 0.27 0.13 0.18 0.12 12.1 11.9 12.1 11.9 0.5 HD HE 14.15 14.15 13.85 13.85 L Lp v w y 1 0.75 0.30 0.2 0.15 0.1 Z D (1) Z E (1) θ 1.45 1.05 7 o 0 1.45 1.05 o Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT315-1 136E15 MS-026 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 00-01-19 03-02-25 Fig 23. Package outline LQFP80 PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 33 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D 15. Handling information A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, to be completely safe you must take normal precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices; see JESD625-A and/or IEC61340-5. D D R A FT D R A PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 34 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D 16. Soldering FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. D D R A FT D R 16.1 Introduction to soldering A Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high densities that come with increased miniaturization. 16.2 Wave and reflow soldering Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following: • Through-hole components • Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also, leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered, due to an increased probability of bridging. The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages, packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable. Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are: • • • • • • Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation The moisture sensitivity level of the packages Package placement Inspection and repair Lead-free soldering versus PbSn soldering 16.3 Wave soldering Key characteristics in wave soldering are: • Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are exposed to the wave • Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 35 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R A A A A A D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D A A R R D D Key characteristics in reflow soldering are: A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 16.4 Reflow soldering FT FT FT FT PCF8534A FT NXP Semiconductors FT FT • Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to D D R A heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with Table 22 and 23 Table 22. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 ≥ 350 < 2.5 235 220 ≥ 2.5 220 220 Table 23. Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 350 to 2000 > 2000 < 1.6 260 260 260 1.6 to 2.5 260 250 245 > 2.5 250 245 245 Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all times. Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow soldering, see Figure 24. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 36 of 41 A • Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is R window for a mix of large and small components on one board D • Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process FT higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 24) than a PbSn process, thus reducing the process window D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D maximum peak temperature = MSL limit, damage level FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D FT FT A A R R D temperature A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D R A FT minimum peak temperature = minimum soldering temperature D R A peak temperature time 001aac844 MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level Fig 24. Temperature profiles for large and small components For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 37 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R D R R FT FT FT FT D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D D Supersedes PCF8534A_00.90 20080204 Product data sheet - - D Change notice R Data sheet status D Release date FT Document ID FT A A R R D Revision history A A A A R R D D D Table 24. FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 17. Revision history A A A A A NXP Semiconductors A FT D R A PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 38 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F D FT FT A A R R D 19. Data sheet status A FT FT A A R R D D D 18. Legal information A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D D R A FT This document contains data from the objective specification for product development. Preliminary [short] data sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification. Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification. A Definition Development R Product status[3] Objective [short] data sheet D Document status[1][2] [1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. [2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”. [3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com. 19.1 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail. 19.2 Disclaimers General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Terms and conditions of sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, including those pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of any inconsistency or conflict between information in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail. No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights. 19.3 Trademarks Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V. 20. Contact information For additional information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, send an email to: [email protected] PCF8534A_0 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 00.90 — 4 February 2008 39 of 41 D D D D D R R R R R FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A D R R FT FT FT FT A A A A R R D D D Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R A F FT FT A A R R D D D Notes A A A A A NXP Semiconductors D FT FT A A R R D D D R A FT D R A Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 4 February 2008 Document identifier: PCF8534A_0 D D D D D R R R R R D R R D R R A FT FT FT A A R R D D D R F D FT FT A A R D D 32 33 34 35 35 35 35 36 38 39 39 39 39 39 39 41 R D R A R A All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 4 February 2008 Document identifier: PCF8534A_0 D Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. FT Test information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction to soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wave and reflow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wave soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © NXP B.V. 2008. A FT FT A A R R D D D 13 14 15 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 17 18 19 19.1 19.2 19.3 20 21 FT FT FT FT General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Device protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Power-on reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 LCD bias generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 LCD voltage selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 LCD drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Static drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1:2 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1:3 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1:4 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Oscillator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Internal clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 External clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Display register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Segment outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Backplane outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Display RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Data pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Subaddress counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Output bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Input bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Blinker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Basic architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Characteristics of the I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 PCF8534A I2C-bus controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Input filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Command decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Display controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Limiting values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Static characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Application information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Cascaded operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 A A A A R R D D D 1 2 3 4 5 5.1 5.2 6 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.5 7.5.1 7.5.2 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 8 8.1 8.1.1 8.1.1.1 8.1.2 8.1.3 8.1.4 8.1.5 8.1.6 8.2 8.3 9 10 11 12 12.1 FT FT FT FT FT PCF8534A Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates 21. Contents A A A A A NXP Semiconductors