TOSHIBA TB6537P

TB6537P/F
TOSHIBA CMOS Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TB6537P,TB6537F
3-Phase Full-Wave Sensorless Controller for Brushless DC Motors
TB6537P/F is a 3-phase full-wave sensorless controller for
brushless DC motors. It is capable of controlling voltage by PWM
signal input. When combined with various drive circuits it can be
used for various types of motors.
TB6537P
Features
·
3-phase full-wave sensorless drive
·
PWM control (PWM signal is supplied from external sources.)
·
Turn-on signal output current: 20 mA
·
Overcurrent protection function
·
Forward/reverse modes
·
Lead angle control function (0, 7.5, 15 and 30 degrees)
·
Built-in lap turn-on function
·
Two types of PWM output (upper PWM and upper/lower
alternate PWM)
TB6537F
Weight
DIP18-P-300-2.54D: 1.47 g (typ.)
SSOP24-P-300-1.00: 0.32 g (typ.)
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TB6537P/F
Block Diagram
VDD
10/13
PWM
3/3
SEL_OUT
5/6
SEL_LAP
6/8
CW_CCW
4/4
11/14 OUT_UP
PWM Control
13/17 OUT_VP
Turn-on Signal
Forming Circuit
Rotation
Instruction
Circuit
15/21 OUT_WP
12/15 OUT_UN
Timing
Control
14/19 OUT_VN
16/22 OUT_WN
LA0
1/1
LA1
2/2
Lead Angle
Setting Circuit
Overcurrent
Protection
Circuit
Clock
Generator
Circuit
Position
Detection
Circuit
7/10
8/11
9/12
XT
XTin
GND
2
17/23 OC
18/24 WAVE
TB6537P/TB6537F
2003-02-20
TB6537P/F
Pin Assignment
TB6537P
TB6537F
LA0
1
18
WAVE
LA0
1
24
WAVE
LA1
2
17
OC
LA1
2
23
OC
PWM
3
16
OUT_WN
PWM
3
22
OUT_WN
CW_CCW
4
15
OUT_WP
CW_CCW
4
21
OUT_WP
SEL_OUT
5
14
OUT_VN
NC
5
20
NC
SEL_LAP
6
13
OUT_VP
SEL_OUT
6
19
OUT_VN
XT
7
12
OUT_UN
NC
7
18
NC
XTin
8
11
OUT_UP
SEL_LAP
8
17
OUT_VP
GND
9
10
VDD
NC
9
16
NC
XT
10
15
OUT_UN
XTin
11
14
OUT_UP
GND
12
13
VDD
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TB6537P/F
Pin Description
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
LA0
I
Description
TB6537P TB6537F
Lead angle setting signal input pin
1
2
1
2
LA1
I
·
LA0 = Low, LA1 = Low: Lead angle 0 degree
·
LA0 = High, LA1 = Low: Lead angle 7.5 degree
·
LA0 = Low, LA1 = High: Lead angle 15 degree
·
LA0 = High, LA1 = High: Lead angle 30 degree
·
Built-in pull-down resistor
PWM signal input pin
3
3
PWM
I
·
Inputs Low-active PWM signal
·
Built-in pull-up resistor
·
Disables input of duty-100% (Low) signal
High for 250 ns or longer is required.
Rotation direction signal input pin
4
¾
4
5
CW_CCW
NC
I
¾
·
High: Reverse (U ® W ® V)
·
Low, Open: Forward (U ® V ® W)
·
Built-in pull-down resistor
Not connected
Pin to select the synthesis method of burn-in signal and PWM signal
5
¾
6
7
SEL_OUT
NC
I
¾
·
Low: Upper PWM
·
High: Upper/Lower alternate PWM
·
Built-in pull-down resistor
Not connected
Lap turn-on select pin
6
8
SEL_LAP
I
·
Low: Lap turn-on
·
High: 120 degrees turn-on
·
Built-in pull-up resistor
¾
9
NC
¾
Not connected
7
10
XT
¾
Resonator connecting pin
8
11
XTin
¾
9
12
GND
¾
Connected to GND.
10
13
VDD
¾
Connected to 5-V power supply.
11
14
OUT_UP
O
·
Selects starting commutation frequency.
17
Starting commutation frequency fst = Resonator frequency fxt/(6 ´ 2 )
U-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
·
U-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: Low, OFF: High
U-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
12
15
OUT_UN
O
¾
16
NC
¾
13
17
OUT_VP
O
·
U-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: High, OFF: Low
Not connected
V-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
¾
18
NC
¾
14
19
OUT_VN
O
·
V-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: Low, OFF: High
Not connected
V-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
·
V-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: High, OFF: Low
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TB6537P/F
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
Description
TB6537P TB6537F
¾
20
NC
¾
15
21
OUT_WP
O
Not connected
W-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
·
W-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: Low, OFF: High
W-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
16
22
OUT_WN
O
·
W-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
·
ON: High, OFF: Low
Overcurrent signal input pin
17
23
OC
I
·
High on this pin can put constraints on the turn-on signal which is performing PWM
control.
·
Built-in pull-up resistor
Positional signal input pin
18
24
WAVE
I
·
Inputs majority logic synthesis signal of three-phase pin voltage.
·
Built-in pull-up resistor
Functional Description
1. Sensorless Drive
On receipt of PWM signal start instruction turn-in signal for forcible commutation (commutation
irrespective of the motor’s rotor position) is output and the motor starts to rotate. The motor’s rotation
causes induced voltage on winding wire pin for each phase.
When signals indicating positive or negative for pin voltage (including induced voltage) for each phase
are input on respective positional signal input pin, the turn-on signal for forcible commutation is
automatically switched to turn-on signal for positional signal (induced voltage).
Thereafter turn-on signal is formed according to the induced voltage contained in the pin voltage so as to
drive the brushless DC motor.
2. Starting commutation frequency (resonator pin and counter bit select pin)
The forcible commutation frequency at the time of start is determined by the resonator’s frequency and
the number of counter bit (within the IC).
+
Starting commutation frequency fst = Resonator frequency fxt/(6 ´ 2 (bit 3))
bit = 14
The forcible commutation frequency at the time of start can be adjusted using inertia of the motor and
load.
· The forcible commutation frequency should be set higher as the number of magnetic poles increases.
· The forcible commutation frequency should be set lower as the inertia of the load increases.
3. PWM Control
PWM signal can be reflected in turn-on signal by supplying PWM signal from external sources.
The frequency of the PWM signal shoud be set adequately high with regard to the electrical frequency of
the motor and in accordance to the switching characteristics of the drive circuit.
Because positional detection is performed in synchronization with the rising edges of PWM signal,
positional detection cannot be performed with 0% duty or 100% duty.
Duty (max)
250 ns
Duty (min)
250 ns
The voltage applied to the motor is duty 100% because of the storage time of the drive circuit even if the
duty is 99%.
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TB6537P/F
4. Selecting PWM Output Form
PWM output form can be selected using SEL_OUT.
SEL_OUT = Low
Upper turn-on
signal
Lower turn-on
signal
Output voltage
SEL_OUT = High
Upper turn-on
signal
Lower turn-on
signal
Output voltage
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TB6537P/F
5. Positional Variation
Since positional detection is performed in synchronization with PWM signal, positional variation occurs
in connection with the frequency of PWM signal. Be especially careful when the IC is used for high-speed
motors.
PWM signal
Pin voltage
Pin voltage
Reference voltage
Positional signal
Ideal detection timing
Actual detection timing
Variation is calculated by detecting at two consecutive rising edges of PWM signal.
1/fp < Detection time variation < 2/fp
fp: PWM frequency
6. Overcurrent protection function
An active phase which controls PWM is turned off by the rising-edge of the OC signal. The inactive phase
is turned on by the timing of the next PWM signal.
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TB6537P/F
7. Lead Angle Control
The lead angle is 0 degree during the starting forcible commutation and when normal commutation is
started, automatically changes to the lead angle which has been set using LA0 and LA1. However, if both
LA0 and LA1 are set for High, the lead angle is 30 degrees in the starting forcible commutation as well as
in normal commutation.
U
Induced voltage
Turn-on signal
(1) Lead angle: 0 degree
V
W
30 degrees
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(2) Lead angle: 7.5 degrees
22.5 degrees
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(3) Lead angle: 15 degree
15 degrees
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(4) Lead angle: 30 degree
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
8. Lap Turn-on Control
When SEL_LAP = High, the turn-on degree is 120 degrees. When SEL_LAP = Low, Lap Turn-on Mode
starts.
In Lap Turn-on Mode, the time between zero-cross point and the 120 degrees turn-on timing becomes
longer (shaded area in the below chart) so as to create some overlap when switching turn on signals. The
lap time differs depending ong the lead angle setting.
Induced voltage
Turn-on signal
U
V
W
(1) Lead angle: 0 degree
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(2) Lead angle: 7.5 degrees
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(3) Lead angle: 15 degree
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(4) Lead angle: 30 degree
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
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TB6537P/F
9. Start/Stop Control
Start/Stop is controlled using PWM signal input pin.
A stop is acknowledged when PWM signal duty is 0, and a start is acknowledged when ON-signal of a
frequency 4 times higher than the resonator frequency or even higher is input continuously.
Timing chart
PWM signal
Detection
timing
Start
512 periods at the resonator frequency
Second detection
First detection
Start
PWM signal
Detection
timing
Stop
512 periods at the resonator frequency
First detection
Second detection
and stop
Note: Take sufficient care for noise on PWM signal input pin.
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TB6537P/F
Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics
Power supply voltage
Input voltage
Turn-on signal output current
Power dissipation
Symbol
Rating
Unit
VDD
5.5
V
Vin
-0.3 to VDD + 0.3
V
IOUT
20
mA
PD
TB6537P
1.25
TB6537F
0.59
W
Operating temperature
Topr
-30 to 85
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to 150
°C
Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = -30 to 85°C)
Characteristics
Power supply voltage
Input voltage
PWM frequency
Oscillation frequency
Symbol
Test Condition
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
VDD
¾
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Vin
¾
-0.3
¾
VDD
+ 0.3
V
fPWM
¾
¾
16
¾
kHz
fosc
¾
1.0
¾
10
MHz
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TB6537P/F
Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, VDD = 5 V)
Characteristics
Static power supply current
Dynamic power supply current
Symbol
Test
Circuit
IDD
¾
IDD (opr)
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
PWM = H, XTin = H
¾
0.1
0.3
mA
¾
PWM = 50% Duty, XTin = 4 MHz
¾
1
3
mA
IIN-1 (H)
¾
VIN = 5 V, PWM, OC, WAVE_U,
SEL_LAP
¾
0
1
IIN-1 (L)
¾
VIN = 0 V, PWM, OC, WAVE_U,
SEL_LAP
-75
-50
¾
IIN-2 (H)
¾
VIN = 5 V, CW_CCW, LA0, LA1,
SEL_OUT
¾
50
75
IIN-2 (L)
¾
VIN = 0 V, CW_CCW, LA0, LA1,
SEL_OUT
-1
0
¾
VIN (H)
¾
3.5
¾
5
Input current
Test Condition
mA
PWM, OC, SEL_LAP, CW_CCW
WAVE_U, LA0, LA1, SEL_OUT
V
Input voltage
Input hysteresis voltage
VIN (L)
¾
VH
¾
VO-1 (H)
¾
VO-1 (L)
¾
Output voltage
VO-2 (H)
¾
VO-2 (L)
¾
PWM, OC, SEL_LAP, CW_CCW
GND
¾
1.5
¾
0.6
¾
4.3
¾
VDD
GND
¾
0.5
WAVE_U, LA0, LA1, SEL_OUT
PWM, OC, SEL_LAP, CW_CCW
WAVE_U, LA0, LA1, SEL_OUT
IOH = -1 mA
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
IOH = 20 mA
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
IOH = -20 mA
V
4.0
¾
VDD
GND
¾
0.5
¾
0
10
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
IOH = 1 mA
V
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
VDD = 5.5 V, VOUT = 0 V
IL (H)
¾
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
Output leak current
mA
VDD = 5.5 V, VOUT = 5.5 V
IL (L)
¾
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
¾
0
10
¾
0.5
1
¾
0.5
1
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
Output delay time
tpLH
tpHL
¾
PWM-Output
11
ms
2003-02-20
TB6537P/F
Application Circuit Example
5V
VM
VDD
CPU
OUT_UP
PWM
OUT_UN
CW_CCW
100 kW ´ 3
OUT_VP
1W
SEL_LAP
XTin
TA75393P
GND
200 W
4 MHz
10 kW
WAVE
3 kW
OC
XT
1 kW
1 kW
22 pF
H/L
OUT_WN
100 kW
SEL_OUT
100 kW
H/L
OUT_WP
10 kW
LA1
0.01 mF
H/L
0.01 mF
LA0
TB6537F/P
OUT_VN
H/L
TA75393P
Note 1: Take enough care in designing output VDD line and GND line to avoid short circuit between outputs, VDD
fault or GND fault which may cause the IC to break down.
Note 2: The above application circuit and values mentioned are just an example for reference. Since the values may
vary depending on the motor to be used, appropriate values must be determined through experiments before
using the device.
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TB6537P/F
Package Dimensions
Weight: 1.47 (typ.)
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TB6537P/F
Package Dimensions
Weight: 0.32 (typ.)
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TB6537P/F
RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE
000707EBA
· TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor
devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical
stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of
safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of
such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property.
In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as
set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and
conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability
Handbook” etc..
· The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications
(computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances,
etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires
extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or
bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or
spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments,
medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in this
document shall be made at the customer’s own risk.
· The products described in this document are subject to the foreign exchange and foreign trade laws.
· The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No
responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA CORPORATION for any infringements of intellectual property or other
rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under
any intellectual property or other rights of TOSHIBA CORPORATION or others.
· The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
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