8 Bit Microcontroller TLCS-870/C Series TMP86P202PG The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. 021023_D TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook” etc. 021023_A The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in this document shall be made at the customer's own risk. 021023_B The products described in this document shall not be used or embedded to any downstream products of which manufacture, use and/or sale are prohibited under any applicable laws and regulations. 060106_Q The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA for any infringements of patents or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patents or other rights of TOSHIBA or the third parties. 070122_C The products described in this document are subject to foreign exchange and foreign trade control laws. 060925_E For a discussion of how the reliability of microcontrollers can be predicted, please refer to Section 1.3 of the chapter entitled Quality and Reliability Assurance/Handling Precautions. 030619_S © 2007 TOSHIBA CORPORATION All Rights Reserved Revision History Date Revision 2007/10/15 1 First Release Table of Contents TMP86P202PG 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pin Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pin Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 4 5 2. Operational Description 2.1 CPU Core Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 Memory Address Map............................................................................................................................... 7 Program Memory (OTP) ........................................................................................................................... 7 Data Memory (RAM) ................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2.1 2.2.2 Clock Generator........................................................................................................................................ 8 Timing Generator .................................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 System Clock Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2.2.1 2.2.2.2 Configuration of timing generator Machine cycle 2.2.3.1 2.2.3.2 Single-clock mode STOP mode 2.2.4.1 2.2.4.2 2.2.4.3 STOP mode IDLE1 mode IDLE0 mode (IDLE0) 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.3 Operation Mode Control Circuit .............................................................................................................. 11 Operating Mode Control ......................................................................................................................... 14 Reset Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 External Reset Input ............................................................................................................................... 24 Address trap reset .................................................................................................................................. 25 Watchdog timer reset.............................................................................................................................. 25 System clock reset.................................................................................................................................. 25 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.1 3.2 Interrupt latches (IL15 to IL2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Interrupt enable register (EIR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3.2.1 3.2.2 Interrupt master enable flag (IMF) .......................................................................................................... 28 Individual interrupt enable flags (EF15 to EF4) ...................................................................................... 28 3.3.1 3.3.2 Interrupt acceptance processing is packaged as follows........................................................................ 30 Saving/restoring general-purpose registers ............................................................................................ 32 Note 3: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.3 Interrupt Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.3.2.1 3.3.2.2 Using PUSH and POP instructions Using data transfer instructions 3.3.3 Interrupt return ........................................................................................................................................ 33 3.4.1 3.4.2 Address error detection .......................................................................................................................... 34 Debugging .............................................................................................................................................. 34 3.4 3.5 Software Interrupt (INTSW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Undefined Instruction Interrupt (INTUNDEF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 i 3.6 3.7 Address Trap Interrupt (INTATRAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 External Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4. Special Function Register (SFR) 4.1 SFR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5. I/O Ports 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 P0 (P01 to P00) Port (High Current) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1 (P12 to P10) Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P2 (P20) Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P3 (P37 to P30) Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 41 42 43 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) 6.1 6.2 Watchdog Timer Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Watchdog Timer Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 Malfunction Detection Methods Using the Watchdog Timer ................................................................... Watchdog Timer Enable ......................................................................................................................... Watchdog Timer Disable ........................................................................................................................ Watchdog Timer Interrupt (INTWDT)...................................................................................................... Watchdog Timer Reset ........................................................................................................................... 46 47 48 48 49 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 Selection of Address Trap in Internal RAM (ATAS) ................................................................................ Selection of Operation at Address Trap (ATOUT) .................................................................................. Address Trap Interrupt (INTATRAP)....................................................................................................... Address Trap Reset ................................................................................................................................ 50 50 50 51 6.3 Address Trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 7. Time Base Timer (TBT) 7.1 Time Base Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 Configuration .......................................................................................................................................... 53 Control .................................................................................................................................................... 53 Function .................................................................................................................................................. 54 7.2.1 7.2.2 Configuration .......................................................................................................................................... 55 Control .................................................................................................................................................... 55 7.2 Divider Output (DVO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 8.2 8.3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 TimerCounter Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 8.3.6 8.3.7 ii 8-Bit Timer Mode (TC3 and 4) ................................................................................................................ 8-Bit Event Counter Mode (TC3, 4) ........................................................................................................ 8-Bit Programmable Divider Output (PDO) Mode (TC3, 4)..................................................................... 8-Bit Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output Mode (TC3, 4).................................................................. 16-Bit Timer Mode (TC3 and 4) .............................................................................................................. 16-Bit Event Counter Mode (TC3 and 4) ................................................................................................ 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output Mode (TC3 and 4).......................................................... 62 63 63 65 67 68 68 8.3.8 16-Bit Programmable Pulse Generate (PPG) Output Mode (TC3 and 4) ............................................... 71 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) 9.1 9.2 9.3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 9.3.1 9.3.2 9.3.3 9.3.4 AD Converter Operation ......................................................................................................................... AD Converter Operation ......................................................................................................................... STOP Mode during AD Conversion ........................................................................................................ Analog Input Voltage and AD Conversion Result ................................................................................... 9.4.1 9.4.2 9.4.3 Analog input pin voltage range ............................................................................................................... 79 Analog input shared pins ........................................................................................................................ 79 Noise countermeasure............................................................................................................................ 79 9.4 76 76 77 78 Precautions about AD Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 10. OTP operation 10.1 Operating mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 10.1.1 MCU mode............................................................................................................................................ 81 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 Program Memory Data Memory 10.1.2.1 10.1.2.2 Programming Flowchart (High-speed program writing) Program Writing using a General-purpose PROM Programmer 10.1.2 PROM mode ......................................................................................................................................... 81 11. Input/Output Circuitry 11.1 11.2 Control Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Input/Output Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Condition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AD Conversion Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recommended Oscillation Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Characteristics, AC Characteristics (PROM mode). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7.1 12.7.2 12.8 89 90 91 91 92 92 93 Read operation in PROM mode............................................................................................................ 93 Program operation (High-speed) (Topr = 25 ± 5°C) ............................................................................. 94 Handling Precaution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 13. Package Dimensions This is a technical document that describes the operating functions and electrical iii specifications of the 8-bit microcontroller series TLCS-870/C (LSI). iv TMP86P202PG CMOS 8-Bit Microcontroller TMP86P202PG The TMP86P202PG is a single-chip 8-bit high-speed and high-functionality microcomputer incorporating 2048 bytes of One-Time PROM. Product No. ROM (EPROM) RAM Package Emulation Chip TMP86P202PG 2048 bytes 128 bytes DIP20-P-300-2.54D TMP86C908XB 1.1 Features 1. 8-bit single chip microcomputer TLCS-870/C series - Instruction execution time : 0.50 µs (at 8 MHz) - 132 types & 731 basic instructions 2. 11interrupt sources (External : 3 Internal : 8) 3. Input / Output ports (14 pins) Large current output: 2pins (Typ. 20mA), LED direct drive 4. Watchdog Timer 5. Prescaler - Time base timer - Divider output function 6. 8-bit timer counter : 2 ch - Timer, Event counter, - Programmable divider output (PDO), - Pulse width modulation (PWM) output, - Programmable pulse generation (PPG) modes 7. 8-bit successive approximation type AD converter (with sample hold) Analog inputs: 4ch 8. Low power consumption operation • The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. 021023_D • TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook” etc. 021023_A • The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in this document shall be made at the customer's own risk. 021023_B • The products described in this document shall not be used or embedded to any downstream products of which manufacture, use and/or sale are prohibited under any applicable laws and regulations. 060106_Q • The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA for any infringements of patents or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patents or other rights of TOSHIBA or the third parties. 070122_C • The products described in this document are subject to foreign exchange and foreign trade control laws. 060925_E • For a discussion of how the reliability of microcontrollers can be predicted, please refer to Section 1.3 of the chapter entitled Quality and Reliability Assurance/Handling Precautions. 030619_S Page 1 1.1 Features TMP86P202PG STOP mode: Oscillation stops. (Battery/Capacitor back-up.) IDLE0 mode: CPU stops, and only the Time-Based-Timer(TBT) on peripherals operate using high frequency clock. Release by falling edge of the source clock which is set by TBTCR<TBTCK>. IDLE1 mode: CPU stops and peripherals operate using high frequency clock. Release by interruputs(CPU restarts). 9. Operation voltage: 3.3 V to 5.5 V at 8MHz Note: AD conversion characteristics are guaranteed with limited supply voltage range (4.5V to 5.5V). If supply voltage is less than 4.5V then AD conversion accuracy can not be guaranteed. Page 2 TMP86P202PG 1.2 Pin Assignment VSS XIN XOUT TEST VDD P00 P01 RESET (INT5/STOP) P20 (INT0) P10 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 P37 (AIN5) P36 (AIN4) P35 (AIN3) P34 (AIN2) P33 P32 P31 (TC4/PDO4/PWM4/PPG4) P30 (TC3/PDO3/PWM3) P12 (DVO) P11 (INT1) Figure 1-1 Pin Assignment Page 3 1.3 Block Diagram TMP86P202PG 1.3 Block Diagram Figure 1-2 Block Diagram Page 4 TMP86P202PG 1.4 Pin Names and Functions The TMP86P202PG has MCU mode and PROM mode. Table 1-1 shows the pin functions in MCU mode. The PROM mode is explained later in a separate chapter. Table 1-1 Pin Names and Functions Pin Name Pin Number Input/Output Functions P01 7 IO PORT01 P00 6 IO PORT00 12 IO O PORT12 Divider Output 11 IO I PORT11 External interrupt 1 input 10 IO I PORT10 External interrupt 0 input 9 IO I I PORT20 STOP mode release signal input External interrupt 5 input P37 AIN5 20 IO I PORT37 AD converter analog input 5 P36 AIN4 19 IO I PORT36 AD converter analog input 4 P35 AIN3 18 IO I PORT35 AD converter analog input 3 P34 AIN2 17 IO I PORT34 AD converter analog input 2 P33 16 IO PORT33 P32 15 IO PORT32 P31 TC4 14 IO I O PORT31 TC4 input PDO4/PWM4/PPG4 output 13 IO I O PORT30 TC3 input PDO3/PWM3 output XIN 2 I Resonator connecting pins for high-frequency clock XOUT 3 O Resonator connecting pins for high-frequency clock RESET 8 I Reset signal TEST 4 I Test pin for out-going test. Normally, be fixed to low. VDD 5 I +5V VSS 1 I 0(GND) P12 DVO P11 INT1 P10 INT0 P20 STOP INT5 PDO4/PWM4/PPG4 P30 TC3 PDO3/PWM3 Page 5 1.4 Pin Names and Functions TMP86P202PG Page 6 TMP86P202PG 2. Operational Description 2.1 CPU Core Functions The CPU core consists of a CPU, a system clock controller, and an interrupt controller. This section provides a description of the CPU core, the program memory, the data memory, and the reset circuit. 2.1.1 Memory Address Map The TMP86P202PG memory is composed OTP RAM, and SFR(Special function register). They are all mapped in 64-Kbyte address space. Figure 2-1 shows the TMP86P202PG memory address map. 0000H SFR: SFR 64 bytes 003FH 0040H 128 RAM RAM: bytes Special function register includes: I/O ports Peripheral control registers Peripheral status registers System control registers Program status word Random access memory includes: Data memory Stack 00BFH F800H OTP Program memory 2048 OTP bytes FFC0H Vector table for vector call instructions (32 bytes) FFDFH FFE0H Vector table for interrupts FFFFH (32 bytes) Figure 2-1 Memory Address Map 2.1.2 Program Memory (OTP) The TMP86P202PG has a 2048 bytes (Address F800H to FFFFH) of program memory (OTP). 2.1.3 Data Memory (RAM) The TMP86P202PG has 128 bytes (Address 0040H to 00BFH) of internal RAM. The internal RAM are located in the direct area; instructions with shorten operations are available against such an area. The data memory contents become unstable when the power supply is turned on; therefore, the data memory should be initialized by an initialization routine. Page 7 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller TMP86P202PG Example :Clears RAM to “00H”. (TMP86P202PG) SRAMCLR: LD HL, 0040H ; Start address setup LD A, H ; Initial value (00H) setup LD BC, 007FH LD (HL), A INC HL DEC BC JRS F, SRAMCLR 2.2 System Clock Controller The system clock controller consists of a clock generator, a timing generator, and a standby controller. Timing generator control register TBTCR 0036H Clock generator XIN fc High-frequency clock oscillator Timing generator XOUT Standby controller 0038H SYSCR1 System clocks 0039H SYSCR2 System control registers Clock generator control Figure 2-2 System Colck Control 2.2.1 Clock Generator The clock generator generates the basic clock which provides the system clocks supplied to the CPU core and peripheral hardware. The high-frequency (fc) clock can easily be obtained by connecting a resonator between the XIN and XOUT pins . Clock input from an external oscillator is also possible. In this case, external clock is applied to XIN pin with XOUT pin not connected. Page 8 TMP86P202PG High-frequency clock XIN XIN XOUT XOUT (Open) (a) Crystal/Ceramic resonator (b) External oscillator Figure 2-3 Examples of Resonator Connection Note:The function to monitor the basic clock directly at external is not provided for hardware, however, with disabling all interrupts and watchdog timers, the oscillation frequency can be adjusted by monitoring the pulse which the fixed frequency is outputted to the port by the program. The system to require the adjustment of the oscillation frequency should create the program for the adjustment in advance. Page 9 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller 2.2.2 TMP86P202PG Timing Generator The timing generator generates the various system clocks supplied to the CPU core and peripheral hardware from the basic clock (fc). The timing generator provides the following functions. 1. Generation of main system clock 2. Generation of divider output (DVO) pulses 3. Generation of source clocks for time base timer 4. Generation of source clocks for watchdog timer 5. Generation of internal source clocks for timer/counters 6. Generation of warm-up clocks for releasing STOP mode 2.2.2.1 Configuration of timing generator The timing generator consists of a 2-stage prescaler, a 21-stage divider, a main system clock generator, and machine cycle counters. As reset and STOP mode started/canceled, the prescaler and the divider are cleared to “0”. fc High-frequency clock fc Prescaler fc/4 1 2 Divider Divider 1 2 3 4 5 6 Machine cycle counters 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Warm-up controller Watchdog timer Timer counter, Time-base-timer, divider output, etc. Figure 2-4 Configuration of Timing Generator Page 10 TMP86P202PG 2.2.2.2 Machine cycle Instruction execution and peripheral hardware operation are synchronized with the main system clock. The minimum instruction execution unit is called an “machine cycle”. There are a total of 10 different types of instructions for the TLCS-870/C Series: Ranging from 1-cycle instructions which require one machine cycle for execution to 10-cycle instructions which require 10 machine cycles for execution. A machine cycle consists of 4 states (S0 to S3), and each state consists of one main system clock. 1/fc [s] Main system clock State S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 S1 S2 S3 Machine cycle Figure 2-5 Machine Cycle 2.2.3 Operation Mode Control Circuit The operation mode control circuit starts and stops the oscillation circuit for the high-frequency clock. There are two operating modes: Single clock mode and STOP mode. These modes are controlled by the system control registers (SYSCR1 and SYSCR2). Figure 2-6 shows the operating mode transition diagram. 2.2.3.1 Single-clock mode The oscillation circuit for the high-frequency clock is used. The main-system clock is obtained from the high-frequency clock. In the single-clock mode, the machine cycle time is 4/fc [s]. (1) NORMAL1 mode In this mode, both the CPU core and on-chip peripherals operate using the high-frequency clock. The TMP86P202PG is placed in this mode after reset. (2) IDLE1 mode In this mode, the internal oscillation circuit remains active. The CPU and the watchdog timer are halted; however on-chip peripherals remain active (Operate using the high-frequency clock). IDLE1 mode is started by SYSCR2<IDLE> = "1", and IDLE1 mode is released to NORMAL1 mode by an interrupt request from the on-chip peripherals or external interrupt inputs. When the IMF (Interrupt master enable flag) is “1” (Interrupt enable), the execution will resume with the acceptance of the interrupt, and the operation will return to normal after the interrupt service is completed. When the IMF is “0” (Interrupt disable), the execution will resume with the instruction which follows the IDLE1 mode start instruction. (3) IDLE0 mode In this mode, all the circuit, except oscillator and the timer-base-timer, stops operation. This mode is enabled by SYSCR2<TGHALT> = "1". Page 11 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller TMP86P202PG When IDLE0 mode starts, the CPU stops and the timing generator stops feeding the clock to the peripheral circuits other than TBT. Then, upon detecting the falling edge of the source clock selected with TBTCR<TBTCK>, the timing generator starts feeding the clock to all peripheral circuits. When returned from IDLE0 mode, the CPU restarts operating, entering NORMAL1 mode back again. IDLE0 mode is entered and returned regardless of how TBTCR<TBTEN> is set. When IMF = “1”, EF6 (TBT interrupt individual enable flag) = “1”, and TBTCR<TBTEN> = “1”, interrupt processing is performed. When IDLE0 mode is entered while TBTCR<TBTEN> = “1”, the INTTBT interrupt latch is set after returning to NORMAL1 mode. 2.2.3.2 STOP mode In this mode, the internal oscillation circuit is turned off, causing all system operations to be halted. The internal status immediately prior to the halt is held with a lowest power consumption during STOP mode. STOP mode is started by the system control register 1 (SYSCR1), and STOP mode is released by a inputting (Either level-sensitive or edge-sensitive can be programmably selected) to the STOP pin. After the warm-up period is completed, the execution resumes with the instruction which follows the STOP mode start instruction. IDLE0 mode SYSCR2<TGHALT> = "1" Reset release Note 1 SYSCR2<IDLE> = "1" IDLE1 mode SYSCR1<STOP> = "1" NORMAL1 mode Interrupt STOP STOP pin input Note 1: The mode is released by falling edge of TBTCR<TBTCK> setting. Figure 2-6 Operating Mode Transition Diagram Table 2-1 Operating Mode and Conditions Oscillator Operating Mode High Frequency RESET NORMAL1 CPU Core TBT Other Peripherals Reset Reset Reset Machine Cycle Time Operate Oscillation Single clock Operate IDLE1 4/fc [s] Operate IDLE0 Halt Halt STOP RESET Stop Halt Page 12 – TMP86P202PG System Control Register 1 SYSCR1 7 6 5 4 (0038H) STOP RELM 0 OUTEN 3 2 1 0 WUT (Initial value: 0000 00**) STOP STOP mode start 0: CPU core and peripherals remain active 1: CPU core and peripherals are halted (Start STOP mode) R/W RELM Release method for STOP mode 0: Edge-sensitive release 1: Level-sensitive release R/W Port output during STOP mode 0: High impedance 1: Output kept R/W OUTEN Return to NORMAL mode WUT 3 x 216/fc 00 Warm-up time at releasing STOP mode 01 216/fc 10 3 x 214/fc 11 214/fc R/W Note 1: When STOP mode is released with RESET pin input, a return is made to NORMAL1. Note 2: fc: High-frequency clock [Hz], *; Don’t care Note 3: Bits 1 and 0 in SYSCR1 are read as undefined data when a read instruction is executed. Note 4: As the hardware becomes STOP mode under OUTEN = “0”, input value is fixed to “0”; therefore it may cause external interrupt request on account of falling edge. Note 5: Port P20 is used as STOP pin. Therefore, when stop mode is started, OUTEN does not affect to P20, and P20 becomes High-Z mode. Note 6: Always set bit5 in SYSCR1 to "0". Note 7: The warmig-up time should be set correctly for using oscillator. System Control Register 2 SYSCR2 (0039H) 7 6 5 4 XEN "0" "0" IDLE 3 2 1 TGHALT 0 (Initial value: 1000 *0**) XEN High-frequency oscillator control 0: Turn off oscillation 1: Turn on oscillation IDLE CPU and watchdog timer control (IDLE1 mode) 0: CPU and watchdog timer remain active 1: CPU and watchdog timer are stopped (Start IDLE1 mode) TG control (IDLE0 mode) 0: Feeding clock to all peripherals from TG (Start IDLE0 mode) R/W R/W TGHALT Note 1: When SYSCR2<XEN> is cleard to "0", the device is reset. Note 2: *: Don’t care, TG: Timing generator, *; Don’t care Note 3: Bits 3, 1 and 0 in SYSCR2 are always read as undefined value. Note 4: Do not set IDLE and TGHALT to “1” simultaneously. Note 5: Because returning from IDLE0 to NORMAL1 is executed by the asynchronous internal clock, the period of IDLE0 mode might be shorter than the period setting by TBTCR<TBTCK>. Note 6: When IDLE1 mode is released, IDLE is automatically cleared to “0”. Note 7: When IDLE0 mode is released, TGHALT is automatically cleared to “0”. Note 8: Always clear bit6 and 5 in SYSCR2 to "0". Note 9: Before setting TGHALT to “1”, be sure to stop peripherals. If peripherals are not stopped, the interrupt latch of peripherals may be set after IDLE0 mode is released. Page 13 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller 2.2.4 TMP86P202PG Operating Mode Control 2.2.4.1 STOP mode STOP mode is controlled by the system control register 1, the STOP pin input. The STOP pin is also used both as a port P20 and an INT5 (external interrupt input 5) pin. STOP mode is started by setting SYSCR1<STOP> to “1”. During STOP mode, the following status is maintained. 1. Oscillations are turned off, and all internal operations are halted. 2. The data memory, registers, the program status word and port output latches are all held in the status in effect before STOP mode was entered. 3. The prescaler and the divider of the timing generator are cleared to “0”. 4. The program counter holds the address 2 ahead of the instruction (e.g., [SET (SYSCR1).7]) which started STOP mode. STOP mode includes a level-sensitive mode and an edge-sensitive mode, either of which can be selected with the SYSCR1<RELM>. Note 1: During STOP period (from start of STOP mode to end of warm up), due to changes in the external interrupt pin signal, interrupt latches may be set to “1” and interrupts may be accepted immediately after STOP mode is released. Before starting STOP mode, therefore, disable interrupts. Also, before enabling interrupts after STOP mode is released, clear unnecessary interrupt latches. (1) Level-sensitive release mode (RELM = “1”) In this mode, STOP mode is released by setting the STOP pin high. This mode is used for capacitor backup when the main power supply is cut off and long term battery backup. Even if an instruction for starting STOP mode is executed while STOP pin input is high, STOP mode does not start but instead the warm-up sequence starts immediately. Thus, to start STOP mode in the level-sensitive release mode, it is necessary for the program to first confirm that the STOP pin input is low. The following two methods can be used for confirmation. 1. Testing a port. 2. Using an external interrupt input INT5 (INT5 is a falling edge-sensitive input). Example 1 :Starting STOP mode from NORMAL mode by testing a port P20. SSTOPH: LD (SYSCR1), 01010000B ; Sets up the level-sensitive release mode TEST (P2PRD). 0 ; Wait until the STOP pin input goes low level JRS F, SSTOPH ; IMF ← 0 DI SET (SYSCR1). 7 ; Starts STOP mode Example 2 :Starting STOP mode from NORMAL mode with an INT5 interrupt. PINT5: TEST (P2PRD). 0 JRS F, SINT5 LD (SYSCR1), 01010000B SINT5: port P20 is at high ; Sets up the level-sensitive release mode. ; IMF ← 0 DI SET ; To reject noise, STOP mode does not start if (SYSCR1). 7 ; Starts STOP mode RETI Page 14 TMP86P202PG VIH STOP pin XOUT pin NORMAL operation STOP operation Warm up Confirm by program that the STOP pin input is low and start STOP mode. NORMAL operation STOP mode is released by the hardware. Always released if the STOP pin input is high. Figure 2-7 Level-sensitive Release Mode Note 1: Even if the STOP pin input is low after warm-up start, the STOP mode is not restarted. Note 2: In this case of changing to the level-sensitive mode from the edge-sensitive mode, the release mode is not switched until a rising edge of the STOP pin input is detected. (2) Edge-sensitive release mode (RELM = “0”) In this mode, STOP mode is released by a rising edge of the STOP pin input. This is used in applications where a relatively short program is executed repeatedly at periodic intervals. This periodic signal (for example, a clock from a low-power consumption oscillator) is input to the STOP pin. In the edge-sensitive release mode, STOP mode is started even when the STOP pin input is high level. Example :Starting STOP mode from NORMAL mode ; IMF ← 0 DI LD (SYSCR1), 10010000B ; Starts after specified to the edge-sensitive release mode VIH STOP pin XOUT pin NORMAL operation STOP operation Warm up NORMAL operation STOP mode started by the program. STOP operation STOP mode is released by the hardware at the rising edge of STOP pin input. Figure 2-8 Edge-sensitive Release Mode STOP mode is released by the following sequence. 1. The high-frequency clock oscillator is turned on. 2. A warm-up period is inserted to allow oscillation time to stabilize. During warm up, all internal operations remain halted. Four different warm-up times can be selected with the SYSCR1<WUT> in accordance with the resonator characteristics. 3. When the warm-up time has elapsed, normal operation resumes with the instruction following the STOP mode start instruction. Page 15 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller TMP86P202PG Note 1: When the STOP mode is released, the start is made after the prescaler and the divider of the timing generator are cleared to "0". Note 2: STOP mode can also be released by inputting low level on the RESET pin, which immediately performs the normal reset operation. Note 3: When STOP mode is released with a low hold voltage, the following cautions must be observed. The power supply voltage must be at the operating voltage level before releasing STOP mode. The RESET pin input must also be “H” level, rising together with the power supply voltage. In this case, if an external time constant circuit has been connected, the RESET pin input voltage will increase at a slower pace than the power supply voltage. At this time, there is a danger that a reset may occur if input voltage level of the RESET pin drops below the non-inverting high-level input voltage (Hysteresis input). Table 2-2 Warm-up Time Example (at fc = 8.0 MHz) WUT Warm-up Time [ms] 00 01 10 11 24.576 8.192 6.144 2.048 Note 1: The warm-up time is obtained by dividing the basic clock by the divider. Therefore, the warm-up time may include a certain amount of error if there is any fluctuation of the oscillation frequency when STOP mode is released. Thus, the warm-up time must be considered as an approximate value. Page 16 Page 17 Figure 2-9 STOP Mode Start/Release Divider Instruction execution Program counter Main system clock Oscillator circuit STOP pin input Divider Instruction execution Program counter Main system clock Oscillator circuit 0 Halt Turn off Turn on Turn on n Count up a+3 Warm up a+2 n+2 n+3 n+4 0 (b) STOP mode release 1 Instruction address a + 2 a+4 2 Instruction address a + 3 a+5 (a) STOP mode start (Example: Start with SET (SYSCR1). 7 instruction located at address a) n+1 SET (SYSCR1). 7 a+3 3 Instruction address a + 4 a+6 0 Halt Turn off TMP86P202PG 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller 2.2.4.2 TMP86P202PG IDLE1 mode IDLE1 mode is controlled by the system control register 2 (SYSCR2) and maskable interrupts. The following status is maintained during this mode. 1. Operation of the CPU and watchdog timer (WDT) is halted. On-chip peripherals continue to operate. 2. The data memory, CPU registers, program status word and port output latches are all held in the status in effect before this mode were entered. 3. The program counter holds the address 2 ahead of the instruction which starts this mode. Starting IDLE1 mode by instruction CPU and WDT are halted Yes Reset input Reset No No Interrupt request Yes “0” IMF “1” (Interrupt release mode) Normal release mode Interrupt processing Execution of the instruction which follows the IDLE1 mode start instruction Figure 2-10 IDLE1 Mode Page 18 TMP86P202PG • Start the IDLE1 mode After IMF is set to "0", set the individual interrupt enable flag (EF) which releases IDLE1 mode. To start IDLE1 mode, set SYSCR2<IDLE> to “1”. • Release the IDLE1 mode IDLE1 mode includes a normal release mode and an interrupt release mode. These modes are selected by interrupt master enable flag (IMF). After releasing IDLE1 mode, the SYSCR2<IDLE> is automatically cleared to “0” and the operation mode is returned to the mode preceding IDLE1 mode. IDLE1 mode can also be released by inputting low level on the RESET pin. After releasing reset, the operation mode is started from NORMAL1 mode. (1) Normal release mode (IMF = “0”) IDLE1 mode is released by any interrupt source enabled by the individual interrupt enable flag (EF). After the interrupt is generated, the program operation is resumed from the instruction following the IDLE1 mode starts instruction. Normally, the interrupt latches (IL) of the interrupt source used for releasing must be cleared to “0” by load instructions. (2) Interrupt release mode (IMF = “1”) IDLE1 mode are released by any interrupt source enabled with the individual interrupt enable flag (EF) and the interrupt processing is started. After the interrupt is processed, the program operation is resumed from the instruction following the instruction, which starts IDLE1 mode. Note: When a watchdog timer interrupts is generated immediately before IDLE1 mode are started, the watchdog timer interrupt will be processed but IDLE1 mode will not be started. Page 19 Page 20 Figure 2-11 IDLE1 Mode Start/Release Watchdog timer Instruction execution Program counter Interrupt request Main system clock Watchdog timer Instruction execution Program counter Interrupt request Main system clock Watchdog timer Instruction execution Program counter Interrupt request Main system clock Halt Halt Halt Halt Operate Operate Operate a+4 Acceptance of interrupt Instruction address a + 2 (b) IDLE1 mode release 㽳㩷Interrupt release mode a+3 㽲㩷Normal release mode a+3 (a) IDLE1 mode start (Example: Starting with the SET instruction located at address a) Operate SET (SYSCR2). 4 a+2 Halt a+3 2.2 System Clock Controller 2. Operational Description TMP86P202PG TMP86P202PG 2.2.4.3 IDLE0 mode (IDLE0) IDLE0 mode is controlled by the system control register 2 (SYSCR2) and the time base timer control register (TBTCR). The following status is maintained during IDLE0 mode. 1. Timing generator stops feeding clock to peripherals except TBT. 2. The data memory, CPU registers, program status word and port output latches are all held in the status in effect before IDLE0 mode was entered. 3. The program counter holds the address 2 ahead of the instruction which starts IDLE0 mode. Note: Before starting IDLE0 mode, be sure to stop (Disable) peripherals. Stopping peripherals by instruction Starting IDLE0 mode by instruction CPU and WDT are halted Reset input Yes Reset No No TBT source clock falling edge Yes No TBTCR<TBTEN> = "1" Yes No TBT interrupt enable Yes (Normal release mode) No IMF = "1" Yes (Interrupt release mode) Interrupt processing Execution of the instruction which follows the IDLE0 mode start instruction Figure 2-12 IDLE0 Mode Page 21 2. Operational Description 2.2 System Clock Controller TMP86P202PG • Start the IDLE0 mode Stop (Disable) peripherals such as a timer counter. To start IDLE0 mode, set SYSCR2<TGHALT> to “1”. • Release the IDLE0 mode IDLE0 mode include a normal release mode and an interrupt release mode. This mode is selected by interrupt master flag (IMF), the individual interrupt enable flag of TBT and TBTCR<TBTEN>. After releasing IDLE0 mode, the SYSCR2<TGHALT> is automatically cleared to “0” and the operation mode is returned to the mode preceding IDLE0 mode. Before starting the IDLE mode, when the TBTCR<TBTEN> is set to “1”, INTTBT interrupt latch is set to “1”. IDLE0 mode can also be released by inputting low level on the RESET pin. After releasing reset, the operation mode is started from NORMAL1 mode. Note: IDLE0 mode start/release without reference to TBTCR<TBTEN> setting. (1) Normal release mode (IMF•EF6•TBTCR<TBTEN> = “0”) IDLE0 mode are released by the source clock falling edge, which is setting by the TBTCR<TBTCK>. After the falling edge is detected, the program operation is resumed from the instruction following the IDLE0 mode start instruction. Before starting the IDLE mode, when the TBTCR<TBTEN> is set to “1”, INTTBT interrupt latch is set to “1”. (2) Interrupt release mode (IMF•EF6•TBTCR<TBTEN> = “1”) IDLE0 mode are released by the source clock falling edge, which is setting by the TBTCR<TBTCK> and INTTBT interrupt processing is started. Note 1: Because returning from IDLE0 to NORMAL1 is executed by the asynchronous internal clock, the period of IDLE0 mode might be the shorter than the period setting by TBTCR<TBTCK>. Note 2: When a watchdog timer interrupt is generated immediately before IDLE0 mode is started, the watchdog timer interrupt will be processed but IDLE0 mode will not be started. Page 22 Page 23 Figure 2-13 IDLE0 Mode Start/Release Watchdog timer Instruction execution Program counter TBT clock Halt Halt Halt Watchdog timer Main system clock Halt Instruction execution Program counter TBT clock Main system clock Operate Watchdog timer a+3 (b) IDLE0 mode release 㽳㩷Interrupt release mode a+3 㽲㩷Normal release mode a+3 Operate Operate Acceptance of interrupt Instruction address a + 2 a+4 (a) IDLE0 mode start (Example: Starting with the SET instruction located at address a SET (SYSCR2). 2 a+2 Instruction execution Program counter Interrupt request Main system clock Halt TMP86P202PG 2. Operational Description 2.3 Reset Circuit TMP86P202PG 2.3 Reset Circuit The TMP86P202PG has four types of reset generation procedures: An external reset input, an address trap reset, a watchdog timer reset and a system clock reset. Of these reset, the address trap reset, the watchdog timer and the system clock reset are a malfunction reset. When the malfunction reset request is detected, reset occurs during the maximum 24/fc[s]. The malfunction reset circuit such as watchdog timer reset, address trap reset and system clock reset is not initialized when power is turned on. Therefore, reset may occur during maximum 24/fc[s] (3.0µs at 8.0 MHz) when power is turned on. Table 1-3 shows on-chip hardware initialization by reset action. Table 2-3 Initializing Internal Status by Reset Action On-chip Hardware Initial Value Program counter (PC) (FFFEH) Stack pointer (SP) Not initialized General-purpose registers (W, A, B, C, D, E, H, L, IX, IY) (JF) Not initialized Zero flag (ZF) Not initialized Carry flag (CF) Not initialized Half carry flag (HF) Not initialized Sign flag (SF) Not initialized Overflow flag (VF) Not initialized (IMF) 0 (EF) 0 (IL) 0 Interrupt individual enable flags Interrupt latches 2.3.1 Initial Value Prescaler and divider of timing generator 0 Not initialized Jump status flag Interrupt master enable flag On-chip Hardware Watchdog timer Enable Output latches of I/O ports Refer to I/O port circuitry Control registers Refer to each of control register RAM Not initialized External Reset Input The RESET pin contains a Schmitt trigger (Hysteresis) with an internal pull-up resistor. When the RESET pin is held at “L” level for at least 3 machine cycles (12/fc [s]) with the power supply voltage within the operating voltage range and oscillation stable, a reset is applied and the internal state is initialized. When the RESET pin input goes high, the reset operation is released and the program execution starts at the vector address stored at addresses FFFEH to FFFFH. VDD RESET Internal reset Watchdog timer reset Malfunction reset output circuit Address trap reset System clock reset Figure 2-14 Reset Circuit Page 24 TMP86P202PG 2.3.2 Address trap reset If the CPU should start looping for some cause such as noise and an attempt be made to fetch an instruction from the on-chip RAM (when WDTCR1<ATAS> is set to “1”) or the SFR area, address trap reset will be generated. The reset time is maximum 24/fc[s] (3.0µs at 8.0 MHz). Note:The operating mode under address trapped is alternative of reset or interrupt. The address trap area is alternative. Instruction execution Reset release JP a Instruction at address r Address trap is occurred Internal reset Maximum 24/fc [s] 4/fc to 12/fc [s] 16/fc [s] Note 1: Address “a” is in the SFR or on-chip RAM (WDTCR1<ATAS> = “1”) space. Note 2: During reset release, reset vector “r” is read out, and an instruction at address “r” is fetched and decoded. Figure 2-15 Address Trap Reset 2.3.3 Watchdog timer reset Refer to 2.4 “Watchdog Timer”. 2.3.4 System clock reset If the condition as follows is detected, the system clock reset occurs automatically to prevent dead lock of the CPU. (The oscillation is continued without stopping.) - In case of clearing SYSCR2<XEN> to “0”. The reset time is maximum 24/fc (3.0 µs at 8.0 MHz). Page 25 2. Operational Description 2.3 Reset Circuit TMP86P202PG Page 26 TMP86P202PG 3. Interrupt Control Circuit The TMP86P202PG has a total of 11 interrupt sources excluding reset. Interrupts can be nested with priorities. Four of the internal interrupt sources are non-maskable while the rest are maskable. Interrupt sources are provided with interrupt latches (IL), which hold interrupt requests, and independent vectors. The interrupt latch is set to “1” by the generation of its interrupt request which requests the CPU to accept its interrupts. Interrupts are enabled or disabled by software using the interrupt master enable flag (IMF) and interrupt enable flag (EF). If more than one interrupts are generated simultaneously, interrupts are accepted in order which is dominated by hardware. However, there are no prioritized interrupt factors among non-maskable interrupts. Interrupt Factors Internal/External Enable Condition Interrupt Latch Vector Address Priority (Reset) Non-maskable – FFFE 1 Internal INTSWI (Software interrupt) Non-maskable – FFFC 2 Internal INTUNDEF (Executed the undefined instruction interrupt) Non-maskable – FFFC 2 Internal INTATRAP (Address trap interrupt) Non-maskable IL2 FFFA 2 Internal INTWDT (Watchdog timer interrupt) Non-maskable IL3 FFF8 2 External INT0 IMF• EF4 = 1, INT0EN = 1 IL4 FFF6 5 External INT1 IMF• EF5 = 1 IL5 FFF4 6 Internal INTTBT IMF• EF6 = 1 IL6 FFF2 7 - Reserved IMF• EF7 = 1 IL7 FFF0 8 - Reserved IMF• EF8 = 1 IL8 FFEE 9 - Reserved IMF• EF9 = 1 IL9 FFEC 10 Internal INTTC3 IMF• EF10 = 1 IL10 FFEA 11 Internal INTTC4 IMF• EF11 = 1 IL11 FFE8 12 Internal INTADC IMF• EF12 = 1 IL12 FFE6 13 - Reserved IMF• EF13 = 1 IL13 FFE4 14 - Reserved IMF• EF14 = 1 IL14 FFE2 15 INT5 IMF• EF15 = 1 IL15 FFE0 16 External Note 1: To use the address trap interrupt (INTATRAP), clear WDTCR1<ATOUT> to “0” (It is set for the “reset request” after reset is cancelled). For details, see “Address Trap”. Note 2: To use the watchdog timer interrupt (INTWDT), clear WDTCR1<WDTOUT> to "0" (It is set for the "Reset request" after reset is released). For details, see "Watchdog Timer". 3.1 Interrupt latches (IL15 to IL2) An interrupt latch is provided for each interrupt source, except for a software interrupt and an executed the undefined instruction interrupt. When interrupt request is generated, the latch is set to “1”, and the CPU is requested to accept the interrupt if its interrupt is enabled. The interrupt latch is cleared to "0" immediately after accepting interrupt. All interrupt latches are initialized to “0” during reset. The interrupt latches are located on address 003CH and 003DH in SFR area. Each latch can be cleared to "0" individually by instruction. However, IL2 and IL3 should not be cleared to "0" by software. For clearing the interrupt latch, load instruction should be used and then IL2 and IL3 should be set to "1". If the read-modify-write instructions such as bit manipulation or operation instructions are used, interrupt request would be cleared inadequately if interrupt is requested while such instructions are executed. Interrupt latches are not set to “1” by an instruction. Since interrupt latches can be read, the status for interrupt requests can be monitored by software. Note: In main program, before manipulating the interrupt enable flag (EF) or the interrupt latch (IL), be sure to clear IMF to "0" (Disable interrupt by DI instruction). Then set IMF newly again as required after operating on the EF or IL (Enable interrupt by EI instruction) In interrupt service routine, because the IMF becomes "0" automatically, clearing IMF need not execute normally on Page 27 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.2 Interrupt enable register (EIR) TMP86P202PG interrupt service routine. However, if using multiple interrupt on interrupt service routine, manipulating EF or IL should be executed before setting IMF="1". Example 1 :Clears interrupt latches ; IMF ← 0 DI LDW (ILL), 1110001110111111B ; IL12 to IL10 , IL6 ← 0 ; IMF ← 1 EI Example 2 :Reads interrupt latchess WA, (ILL) ; W ← ILH, A ← ILL TEST (ILL). 6 ; if IL6 = 1 then jump JR F, SSET LD Example 3 :Tests interrupt latches 3.2 Interrupt enable register (EIR) The interrupt enable register (EIR) enables and disables the acceptance of interrupts, except for the non-maskable interrupts (Software interrupt, undefined instruction interrupt, address trap interrupt and watchdog interrupt). Nonmaskable interrupt is accepted regardless of the contents of the EIR. The EIR consists of an interrupt master enable flag (IMF) and the individual interrupt enable flags (EF). These registers are located on address 003AH and 003BH in SFR area, and they can be read and written by an instructions (Including read-modify-write instructions such as bit manipulation or operation instructions). 3.2.1 Interrupt master enable flag (IMF) The interrupt enable register (IMF) enables and disables the acceptance of the whole maskable interrupt. While IMF = “0”, all maskable interrupts are not accepted regardless of the status on each individual interrupt enable flag (EF). By setting IMF to “1”, the interrupt becomes acceptable if the individuals are enabled. When an interrupt is accepted, IMF is cleared to “0” after the latest status on IMF is stacked. Thus the maskable interrupts which follow are disabled. By executing return interrupt instruction [RETI/RETN], the stacked data, which was the status before interrupt acceptance, is loaded on IMF again. The IMF is located on bit0 in EIRL (Address: 003AH in SFR), and can be read and written by an instruction. The IMF is normally set and cleared by [EI] and [DI] instruction respectively. During reset, the IMF is initialized to “0”. 3.2.2 Individual interrupt enable flags (EF15 to EF4) Each of these flags enables and disables the acceptance of its maskable interrupt. Setting the corresponding bit of an individual interrupt enable flag to “1” enables acceptance of its interrupt, and setting the bit to “0” disables acceptance. During reset, all the individual interrupt enable flags (EF15 to EF4) are initialized to “0” and all maskable interrupts are not accepted until they are set to “1”. Note:In main program, before manipulating the interrupt enable flag (EF) or the interrupt latch (IL), be sure to clear IMF to "0" (Disable interrupt by DI instruction). Then set IMF newly again as required after operating on the EF or IL (Enable interrupt by EI instruction) In interrupt service routine, because the IMF becomes "0" automatically, clearing IMF need not execute normally on interrupt service routine. However, if using multiple interrupt on interrupt service routine, manipulating EF or IL should be executed before setting IMF="1". Page 28 TMP86P202PG Example 1 :Enables interrupts individually and sets IMF ; IMF ← 0 DI LDW : (EIRL), 1110100000100000B ; EF15 to EF13, EF11, EF5 ← 1 Note: IMF should not be set. : ; IMF ← 1 EI Example 2 :C compiler description example unsigned int _io (3AH) EIRL; /* 3AH shows EIRL address */ _DI(); EIRL = 10100000B; : _EI(); Page 29 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.3 Interrupt Sequence TMP86P202PG Interrupt Latches (Initial value: 0**000** *00000**) ILH,ILL (003DH, 003CH) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 IL15 − − IL12 IL11 IL10 − − − IL6 IL5 IL4 IL3 IL2 ILH (003DH) 0 ILL (003CH) at WR at RD IL15 to IL2 1 Interrupt latches 0: No interrupt request 0: Clears the interrupt request 1: (Interrupt latch is not set.) 1: Interrupt request R/W Note 1: To clear any one of bits IL6 to IL4, be sure to write "1" into IL2 and IL3. Note 2: In main program, before manipulating the interrupt enable flag (EF) or the interrupt latch (IL), be sure to clear IMF to "0" (Disable interrupt by DI instruction). Then set IMF newly again as required after operating on the EF or IL (Enable interrupt by EI instruction) In interrupt service routine, because the IMF becomes "0" automatically, clearing IMF need not execute normally on interrupt service routine. However, if using multiple interrupt on interrupt service routine, manipulating EF or IL should be executed before setting IMF="1". Note 3: Do not clear IL with read-modify-write instructions such as bit operations. Interrupt Enable Registers (Initial value: 0**000** *000***0) EIRH,EIRL (003BH, 003AH) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 EF15 − − EF12 EF11 EF10 − − − EF6 EF5 EF4 EIRH (003BH) EF15 to EF4 3 2 1 0 IMF EIRL (003AH) Individual-interrupt enable flag (Specified for each bit) 0: 1: Disables the acceptance of each maskable interrupt. Enables the acceptance of each maskable interrupt. Interrupt master enable flag 0: 1: Disables the acceptance of all maskable interrupts Enables the acceptance of all maskable interrupts R/W IMF Note 1: *: Don’t care Note 2: Do not set IMF and the interrupt enable flag (EF15 to EF4) to “1” at the same time. Note 3: In main program, before manipulating the interrupt enable flag (EF) or the interrupt latch (IL), be sure to clear IMF to "0" (Disable interrupt by DI instruction). Then set IMF newly again as required after operating on the EF or IL (Enable interrupt by EI instruction) In interrupt service routine, because the IMF becomes "0" automatically, clearing IMF need not execute normally on interrupt service routine. However, if using multiple interrupt on interrupt service routine, manipulating EF or IL should be executed before setting IMF="1". 3.3 Interrupt Sequence An interrupt request, which raised interrupt latch, is held, until interrupt is accepted or interrupt latch is cleared to “0” by resetting or an instruction. Interrupt acceptance sequence requires 8 machine cycles (4.0 µs @8.0 MHz) after the completion of the current instruction. The interrupt service task terminates upon execution of an interrupt return instruction [RETI] (for maskable interrupts) or [RETN] (for non-maskable interrupts). Figure 3-1 shows the timing chart of interrupt acceptance processing. 3.3.1 Interrupt acceptance processing is packaged as follows. a. The interrupt master enable flag (IMF) is cleared to “0” in order to disable the acceptance of any following interrupt. b. The interrupt latch (IL) for the interrupt source accepted is cleared to “0”. c. The contents of the program counter (PC) and the program status word, including the interrupt master enable flag (IMF), are saved (Pushed) on the stack in sequence of PSW + IMF, PCH, PCL. Meanwhile, the stack pointer (SP) is decremented by 3. Page 30 TMP86P202PG d. The entry address (Interrupt vector) of the corresponding interrupt service program, loaded on the vector table, is transferred to the program counter. e. The instruction stored at the entry address of the interrupt service program is executed. Note:When the contents of PSW are saved on the stack, the contents of IMF are also saved. Interrupt service task 1-machine cycle Interrupt request Interrupt latch (IL) IMF Execute instruction PC SP Execute instruction a−1 a Execute instruction Interrupt acceptance a+1 b a b+1 b+2 b + 3 n−1 n−2 n Execute RETI instruction c+2 c+1 a n−2 n−1 n-3 a+1 a+2 n Note 1: a: Return address entry address, b: Entry address, c: Address which RETI instruction is stored Note 2: On condition that interrupt is enabled, it takes 38/fc [s] at maximum (If the interrupt latch is set at the first machine cycle on 10 cycle instruction) to start interrupt acceptance processing since its interrupt latch is set. Figure 3-1 Timing Chart of Interrupt Acceptance/Return Interrupt Instruction Example: Correspondence between vector table address for INTTBT and the entry address of the interrupt service program Vector table address FFF2H 03H FFF3H D2H Entry address Vector D203H 0FH D204H 06H Interrupt service program Figure 3-2 Vector table address, Entry address A maskable interrupt is not accepted until the IMF is set to “1” even if the maskable interrupt higher than the level of current servicing interrupt is requested. In order to utilize nested interrupt service, the IMF is set to “1” in the interrupt service program. In this case, acceptable interrupt sources are selectively enabled by the individual interrupt enable flags. To avoid overloaded nesting, clear the individual interrupt enable flag whose interrupt is currently serviced, before setting IMF to “1”. As for non-maskable interrupt, keep interrupt service shorten compared with length between interrupt requests; otherwise the status cannot be recovered as non-maskable interrupt would simply nested. Page 31 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.3 Interrupt Sequence 3.3.2 TMP86P202PG Saving/restoring general-purpose registers During interrupt acceptance processing, the program counter (PC) and the program status word (PSW, includes IMF) are automatically saved on the stack, but the accumulator and others are not. These registers are saved by software if necessary. When multiple interrupt services are nested, it is also necessary to avoid using the same data memory area for saving registers. The following methods are used to save/restore the generalpurpose registers. 3.3.2.1 Using PUSH and POP instructions If only a specific register is saved or interrupts of the same source are nested, general-purpose registers can be saved/restored using the PUSH/POP instructions. Example :Save/store register using PUSH and POP instructions PINTxx: PUSH WA ; Save WA register (interrupt processing) POP WA ; Restore WA register RETI ; RETURN Address (Example) SP b-5 A SP b-4 SP b-3 PCL W PCL PCH PCH PCH PSW PSW PSW At acceptance of an interrupt PCL At execution of PUSH instruction At execution of POP instruction b-2 b-1 SP b At execution of RETI instruction Figure 3-3 Save/store register using PUSH and POP instructions 3.3.2.2 Using data transfer instructions To save only a specific register without nested interrupts, data transfer instructions are available. Example :Save/store register using data transfer instructions PINTxx: LD (GSAVA), A ; Save A register (interrupt processing) LD A, (GSAVA) ; Restore A register RETI ; RETURN Page 32 TMP86P202PG Main task Interrupt service task Interrupt acceptance Saving registers Restoring registers Interrupt return Saving/Restoring general-purpose registers using PUSH/POP data transfer instruction Figure 3-4 Saving/Restoring General-purpose Registers under Interrupt Processing 3.3.3 Interrupt return Interrupt return instructions [RETI]/[RETN] perform as follows. [RETI]/[RETN] Interrupt Return 1. Program counter (PC) and program status word (PSW, includes IMF) are restored from the stack. 2. Stack pointer (SP) is incremented by 3. As for address trap interrupt (INTATRAP), it is required to alter stacked data for program counter (PC) to restarting address, during interrupt service program. Note:If [RETN] is executed with the above data unaltered, the program returns to the address trap area and INTATRAP occurs again.When interrupt acceptance processing has completed, stacked data for PCL and PCH are located on address (SP + 1) and (SP + 2) respectively. Example 1 :Returning from address trap interrupt (INTATRAP) service program PINTxx: POP WA ; Recover SP by 2 LD WA, Return Address ; PUSH WA ; Alter stacked data (interrupt processing) RETN ; RETURN Example 2 :Restarting without returning interrupt (In this case, PSW (Includes IMF) before interrupt acceptance is discarded.) PINTxx: INC SP ; Recover SP by 3 INC SP ; INC SP ; (interrupt processing) LD EIRL, data ; Set IMF to “1” or clear it to “0” JP Restart Address ; Jump into restarting address Interrupt requests are sampled during the final cycle of the instruction being executed. Thus, the next interrupt can be accepted immediately after the interrupt return instruction is executed. Page 33 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.4 Software Interrupt (INTSW) TMP86P202PG Note 1: It is recommended that stack pointer be return to rate before INTATRAP (Increment 3 times), if return interrupt instruction [RETN] is not utilized during interrupt service program under INTATRAP (such as Example 2). Note 2: When the interrupt processing time is longer than the interrupt request generation time, the interrupt service task is performed but not the main task. 3.4 Software Interrupt (INTSW) Executing the SWI instruction generates a software interrupt and immediately starts interrupt processing (INTSW is highest prioritized interrupt). Use the SWI instruction only for detection of the address error or for debugging. 3.4.1 Address error detection FFH is read if for some cause such as noise the CPU attempts to fetch an instruction from a non-existent memory address during single chip mode. Code FFH is the SWI instruction, so a software interrupt is generated and an address error is detected. The address error detection range can be further expanded by writing FFH to unused areas of the program memory. Address trap reset is generated in case that an instruction is fetched from RAM or SFR areas. 3.4.2 Debugging Debugging efficiency can be increased by placing the SWI instruction at the software break point setting address. 3.5 Undefined Instruction Interrupt (INTUNDEF) Taking code which is not defined as authorized instruction for instruction causes INTUNDEF. INTUNDEF is generated when the CPU fetches such a code and tries to execute it. INTUNDEF is accepted even if non-maskable interrupt is in process. Contemporary process is broken and INTUNDEF interrupt process starts, soon after it is requested. Note: The undefined instruction interrupt (INTUNDEF) forces CPU to jump into vector address, as software interrupt (SWI) does. 3.6 Address Trap Interrupt (INTATRAP) Fetching instruction from unauthorized area for instructions (Address trapped area) causes reset output or address trap interrupt (INTATRAP). INTATRAP is accepted even if non-maskable interrupt is in process. Contemporary process is broken and INTATRAP interrupt process starts, soon after it is requested. Note: The operating mode under address trapped, whether to be reset output or interrupt processing, is selected on watchdog timer control register (WDTCR). 3.7 External Interrupts The TMP86P202PG has 3 external interrupt inputs. These inputs are equipped with digital noise reject circuits (Pulse inputs of less than a certain time are eliminated as noise). Edge selection is also possible with INT1. The INT0/P10 pin can be configured as either an external interrupt input pin or an input/output port, and is configured as an input port during reset. Edge selection, noise reject control and INT0/P10 pin function selection are performed by the external interrupt control register (EINTCR). Page 34 TMP86P202PG Source Pin Enable Conditions Release Edge Digital Noise Reject INT0 INT0 IMF + EF4 + INT0EN=1 Falling edge Pulses of less than 2/fc [s] are eliminated as noise. Pulses of 7/fc [s] or more are considered to be signals. INT1 INT1 IMF + EF5 = 1 Falling edge or Rising edge Pulses of less than 15/fc or 63/fc [s] are eliminated as noise. Pulses of 49/fc or 193/fc [s] or more are considered to be signals. INT5 INT5 IMF + EF15 = 1 Falling edge Pulses of less than 2/fc [s] are eliminated as noise. Pulses of 7/fc [s] or more are considered to be signals. Note 1: In NORMAL1 or IDLE1 mode, if a signal with no noise is input on an external interrupt pin, it takes a maximum of "signal establishment time + 6/fs[s]" from the input signal's edge to set the interrupt latch. Note 2: When INT0EN = "0", IL4 is not set even if a falling edge is detected on the INT0 pin input. Note 3: When a pin with more than one function is used as an output and a change occurs in data or input/output status, an interrupt request signal is generated in a pseudo manner. In this case, it is necessary to perform appropriate processing such as disabling the interrupt enable flag. Page 35 3. Interrupt Control Circuit 3.7 External Interrupts TMP86P202PG External Interrupt Control Register EINTCR 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (0037H) INT1NC INT0EN - - - - INT1ES 0 (Initial value: 00** **0*) INT1NC Noise reject time select 0: Pulses of less than 63/fc [s] are eliminated as noise 1: Pulses of less than 15/fc [s] are eliminated as noise R/W INT0EN P10/INT0 pin configuration 0: P10 input/output port 1: INT0 pin (Port P10 should be set to an input mode) R/W INT1 ES INT1 edge select 0: Rising edge 1: Falling edge R/W Note 1: fc: High-frequency clock [Hz], *: Don’t care Note 2: When the system clock frequency is switched between high and low or when the external interrupt control register (EINTCR) is overwritten, the noise canceller may not operate normally. It is recommended that external interrupts are disabled using the interrupt enable register (EIR). Note 3: The maximum time from modifying INT1NC until a noise reject time is changed is 26/fc. Page 36 TMP86P202PG 4. Special Function Register (SFR) The TMP86P202PG adopts the memory mapped I/O system, and all peripheral control and data transfers are performed through the special function register (SFR). The SFR is mapped on address 0000H to 003FH. This chapter shows the arrangement of the special function register (SFR) for TMP86P202PG. 4.1 SFR Address Read Write 0000H P0DR 0001H P1DR 0002H P2DR 0003H P3DR 0004H Reserved 0005H Reserved 0006H Reserved 0007H Reserved 0008H Reserved 0009H P1CR 000AH P3CR 000BH P0OUTCR 000CH P0PRD 000DH P2PRD 000EH ADCCR1 000FH ADCCR2 0010H Reserved 0011H Reserved 0012H Reserved 0013H Reserved 0014H Reserved 0015H Reserved 0016H Reserved 0017H Reserved 0018H Reserved 0019H Reserved 001AH TC3CR 001BH TC4CR 001CH TTREG3 001DH TTREG4 001EH PWREG3 001FH PWREG4 0020H ADCDR1 0021H ADCDR2 - 0022H Reserved 0023H Reserved 0024H Reserved 0025H Reserved 0026H Reserved 0027H Reserved Page 37 4. Special Function Register (SFR) 4.1 SFR TMP86P202PG Address Read Write 0028H Reserved 0029H Reserved 002AH Reserved 002BH Reserved 002CH Reserved 002DH Reserved 002EH Reserved 002FH Reserved 0030H Reserved 0031H Reserved 0032H Reserved 0033H Reserved 0034H - WDTCR1 0035H - WDTCR2 0036H TBTCR 0037H EINTCR 0038H SYSCR1 0039H SYSCR2 003AH EIRL 003BH EIRH 003CH ILL 003DH ILH 003EH Reserved 003FH PSW Note 1: Do not access reserved areas by the program. Note 2: − ; Cannot be accessed. Note 3: Write-only registers and interrupt latches cannot use the read-modify-write instructions (Bit manipulation instructions such as SET, CLR, etc. and logical operation instructions such as AND, OR, etc.). Page 38 TMP86P202PG 5. I/O Ports The TMP86P202PG has 4 parallel input/output ports as follows. Primary Function Secondary Functions Port P0 2-bit I/O port − Port P1 3-bit I/O port External interrupt input and divider output. Port P2 1-bit I/O port External interrupt input and STOP mode release signal input. Port P3 8-bit I/O port Analog input and Timer/Counter input/output. Each output port contains a latch, which holds the output data. All input ports do not have latches, so the external input data should be externally held until the input data is read from outside or reading should be performed several timer before processing. Figure 5-1 shows input/output timing examples. External data is read from an I/O port in the S1 state of the read cycle during execution of the read instruction. This timing cannot be recognized from outside, so that transient input such as chattering must be processed by the program. Output data changes in the S2 state of the write cycle during execution of the instruction which writes to an I/O port. Fetch cycle Fetch cycle Read cycle S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 S1 S2 S3 Instruction execution cycle Ex: LD A, (x) Input strobe Data input (a) Input timing Fetch cycle Fetch cycle Write cycle S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 S1 S2 S3 Instruction execution cycle Ex: LD (x), A Output strobe Data output Old New (b) Output timing Note: The positions of the read and write cycles may vary, depending on the instruction. Figure 5-1 Input/Output Timing (Example) Page 39 5. I/O Ports TMP86P202PG 5.1 P0 (P01 to P00) Port (High Current) The P0 port is an 2-bit input/output port. When using this port as an input port set the output latch to 1. When using this port as an output port, the output latch data (P0DR) is output to the P0 port. When reset, the output latch (P0DR) and the push-pull control register (P0OUTCR) are initialized to 1 and 0, respectively. The P0 port allows its output circuit to be selected between N-channel open-drain input/output or push-pull output by the P0OUTCR register. When using this port as an input port, set the P0OUTCR register's corresponding bit to 0 after setting the P0DR to 1. The P0 port has independent data input registers. To inspect the output latch status, read the P0DR register. To inspect the pin status, read the P0PRD register. Figure 5-2 Port P0 P0DR (0000H) R/W P0PRD (000CH) Read only P0OUTCR (000BH) R/W 7 7 7 P0OUTCR 6 6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 Controls P0 port output 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 0 P01 P00 1 0 P01 P00 1 0 P0OUTCR1 P0OUTCR0 0: Sink open-drain input/output 1: Push-pull output Page 40 (Initial value: **** **11) (Initial value: **** **00) R/W TMP86P202PG 5.2 P1 (P12 to P10) Port The P1 port is a 3-bit input/output port that can be specified for input or output bitwise. The P1 Port Input/output Control Register (P1CR) is used to specify this port for input or output. When reset, the P1CR register is initialized to 0, with the P1 port set for input mode. The P1 port output latch is initialized to 0. The P1 port is shared with external interrupt input and divider output. When using the P1 port as function pin, set its input pins for input mode. For the output pins, first set their output latches to 1 before setting the pins for output mode. Note that the P11 pin is an external interrupt input. (When used as an output port, its interrupt latch is set at the rising or falling edge.) The P10 pin can be used as an input/output port or an external interrupt input by selecting its function with the External Interrupt Control Register (INT0EN). When reset, the P10 pin is chosen to be an input port. Figure 5-3 Port P1 P1DR (0001H) R/W 7 P1CR (0009H) 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 1 0 P12 DVO P11 INT1 INT0 2 1 0 P10 (Initial value: **** *000) (Initial value: **** *000) P1CR Controls P1 port input/output (specified bitwise) 0: Input mode 1: Output mode Page 41 R/W 5. I/O Ports TMP86P202PG 5.3 P2 (P20) Port The P2 port is a 1-bit input/output port shared with external interrupt input, and STOP canceling signal input. When using this port as an input port or function pin, set the output latch to 1. The output latch is initialized to 1 when reset. We recommend using the P20 pin for external interrupt input or STOP canceling signal input or as an input port. (When used as an output port, the interrupt latch is set by a falling edge.) The P2 port has independent data input registers. To inspect the output latch status, read the P2DR register. To inspect the pin status, read the P2PRD register. When the P2DR or P2PRD read instruction is executed for the P2 port, the values read from bits 7 to 1 are indeterminate. Figure 5-4 Port P2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P2DR (0002H) R/W 0 P20 INT5 (Initial value: **** ***1) STOP P2PRD (000DH) Read only 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P20 Note: The P20 pin is shared with the STOP pin, so that when in STOP mode, its output goes to a High-Z state regardless of the OUTEN status. Page 42 TMP86P202PG 5.4 P3 (P37 to P30) Port The P3 port is an 8-bit input/output port that can be specified for input or output bitwise, and is shared with analog input and 8-bit timer counter input/output. The P3 Port Input/output Control Register (P3CR) and AINDS (ADCCR1 register bit 4) are used to specify this port for input or output. When reset, the P3CR register and P3DR are cleared to 0, while AINDS is set to 1, so that P37 to P30 function as input port. When using the P3 port as an input port, set AINDS = 1 while at the same time setting the P3CR register to 0. When using the P3 port for analog input, set AINDS = 0 and the pins selected with SAIN (ADCCR1 register bits 3 to 0) are set for analog input no matter what values are set in the P3DR and P3CR. When using the P3 port as an output port, set the P3CR to 1 and the pin associated with that bit is set for output mode, so that P3DR (output latch data) is output from that pin. When an input instruction is executed for the P3 port while using the AD converter, the pins selected for analog input read in the P3DR value into the internal circuit and those not selected for analog input read in a 1 or 0 according to the logic level on each pin. Even when an output instruction is executed, no latch data are forwarded to the pins selected for analog input. Any pins of the P3 port which are not used for analog input can be used as input/output ports. During AD conversion, however, avoid executing output instructions on these ports, because this is necessary to maintain the accuracy of conversion. Also, during AD conversion, take care not to enter a rapidly changing signal to any port adjacent to analog input. Page 43 5. I/O Ports TMP86P202PG * + * + ! " # $ * + # # * + % & ! " # $ % ' * + * + ( ) ! " # $ ) ' ( Figure 5-5 Port P3 7 P3DR (0003H) R/W P37 AIN5 6 P36 AIN4 5 P35 AIN3 4 P34 AIN2 3 2 1 P31 TC4 P33 P32 PDO4 PWM4 PPG4 P3CR (000AH) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P30 TC3 PDO3 (Initial value: 0000 0000) PWM3 0 (Initial value: 0000 0000) P3CR Controls P3 port input/output (specified bitwise) 0: Input mode 1: Output mode R/W Note 1: P30 and P31 are hysteresis inputs. Note 2: Input status on ports set for input mode are read in into the internal circuit. Therefore, when using the ports in a mixture of input and output modes, the contents of the output latches for the ports that are set for input mode may be rewritten by execution of bit manipulating instructions. Page 44 TMP86P202PG 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) The watchdog timer is a fail-safe system to detect rapidly the CPU malfunctions such as endless loops due to spurious noises or the deadlock conditions, and return the CPU to a system recovery routine. The watchdog timer signal for detecting malfunctions can be programmed only once as “reset request” or “interrupt request”. Upon the reset release, this signal is initialized to “reset request”. When the watchdog timer is not used to detect malfunctions, it can be used as the timer to provide a periodic interrupt. Note: Care must be taken in system design since the watchdog timer functions are not be operated completely due to effect of disturbing noise. 6.1 Watchdog Timer Configuration Reset release 23 Binary counters Selector fc/2 fc/221 fc/219 fc/217 Clock Clear R Overflow 1 WDT output 2 S 2 Q Interrupt request Internal reset Q S R WDTEN WDTT Writing disable code Writing clear code WDTOUT Controller 0034H WDTCR1 0035H WDTCR2 Watchdog timer control registers Figure 6-1 Watchdog Timer Configuration Page 45 Reset request INTWDT interrupt request 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) 6.2 Watchdog Timer Control TMP86P202PG 6.2 Watchdog Timer Control The watchdog timer is controlled by the watchdog timer control registers (WDTCR1 and WDTCR2). The watchdog timer is automatically enabled after the reset release. 6.2.1 Malfunction Detection Methods Using the Watchdog Timer The CPU malfunction is detected, as shown below. 1. Set the detection time, select the output, and clear the binary counter. 2. Clear the binary counter repeatedly within the specified detection time. If the CPU malfunctions such as endless loops or the deadlock conditions occur for some reason, the watchdog timer output is activated by the binary-counter overflow unless the binary counters are cleared. When WDTCR1<WDTOUT> is set to “1” at this time, the reset request is generated and then internal hardware is initialized. When WDTCR1<WDTOUT> is set to “0”, a watchdog timer interrupt (INTWDT) is generated. The watchdog timer temporarily stops counting in the STOP mode including the warm-up or IDLE mode, and automatically restarts (continues counting) when the STOP/IDLE mode is inactivated. Note:The watchdog timer consists of an internal divider and a two-stage binary counter. When the clear code 4EH is written, only the binary counter is cleared, but not the internal divider. The minimum binary-counter overflow time, that depends on the timing at which the clear code (4EH) is written to the WDTCR2 register, may be 3/ 4 of the time set in WDTCR1<WDTT>. Therefore, write the clear code using a cycle shorter than 3/4 of the time set to WDTCR1<WDTT>. Example :Setting the watchdog timer detection time to 221/fc [s], and resetting the CPU malfunction detection Within 3/4 of WDT detection time LD (WDTCR2), 4EH : Clears the binary counters. LD (WDTCR1), 00001101B : WDTT ← 10, WDTOUT ← 1 LD (WDTCR2), 4EH : Clears the binary counters (always clears immediately before and after changing WDTT). (WDTCR2), 4EH : Clears the binary counters. (WDTCR2), 4EH : Clears the binary counters. : : LD Within 3/4 of WDT detection time : : LD Page 46 TMP86P202PG Watchdog Timer Control Register 1 WDTCR1 (0034H) 7 WDTEN 6 5 4 3 (ATAS) (ATOUT) WDTEN Watchdog timer enable/disable 2 1 0 WDTT WDTOUT (Initial value: **11 1001) 0: Disable (Writing the disable code to WDTCR2 is required.) 1: Enable Write only NORMAL1 mode WDTT WDTOUT Watchdog timer detection time [s] Watchdog timer output select 00 225/fc 01 223/fc 10 221fc 11 219/fc 0: Interrupt request 1: Reset request Write only Write only Note 1: After clearing WDTOUT to “0”, the program cannot set it to “1”. Note 2: fc: High-frequency clock [Hz], *: Don’t care Note 3: WDTCR1 is a write-only register and must not be used with any of read-modify-write instructions. If WDTCR1 is read, a don’t care is read. Note 4: To activate the STOP mode, disable the watchdog timer or clear the counter immediately before entering the STOP mode. After clearing the counter, clear the counter again immediately after the STOP mode is inactivated. Note 5: To clear WDTEN, set the register in accordance with the procedures shown in “6.2.3 Watchdog Timer Disable”. Watchdog Timer Control Register 2 WDTCR2 (0035H) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: **** ****) WDTCR2 Write Watchdog timer control code 4EH: Clear the watchdog timer binary counter (Clear code) B1H: Disable the watchdog timer (Disable code) D2H: Enable assigning address trap area Others: Invalid Write only Note 1: The disable code is valid only when WDTCR1<WDTEN> = 0. Note 2: *: Don’t care Note 3: The binary counter of the watchdog timer must not be cleared by the interrupt task. Note 4: Write the clear code 4EH using a cycle shorter than 3/4 of the time set in WDTCR1<WDTT>. 6.2.2 Watchdog Timer Enable Setting WDTCR1<WDTEN> to “1” enables the watchdog timer. Since WDTCR1<WDTEN> is initialized to “1” during reset, the watchdog timer is enabled automatically after the reset release. Page 47 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) 6.2 Watchdog Timer Control 6.2.3 TMP86P202PG Watchdog Timer Disable To disable the watchdog timer, set the register in accordance with the following procedures. Setting the register in other procedures causes a malfunction of the microcontroller. 1. Set the interrupt master flag (IMF) to “0”. 2. Set WDTCR2 to the clear code (4EH). 3. Set WDTCR1<WDTEN> to “0”. 4. Set WDTCR2 to the disable code (B1H). Note:While the watchdog timer is disabled, the binary counters of the watchdog timer are cleared. Example :Disabling the watchdog timer : IMF ← 0 DI LD (WDTCR2), 04EH : Clears the binary coutner LDW (WDTCR1), 0B101H : WDTEN ← 0, WDTCR2 ← Disable code Table 6-1 Watchdog Timer Detection Time (Example: fc = 8.0 MHz) Watchdog Timer Detection Time [s] WDTT NORMAL1 mode 6.2.4 00 4.194 01 1.048 10 262.144 m 11 65.536 m Watchdog Timer Interrupt (INTWDT) When WDTCR1<WDTOUT> is cleared to “0”, a watchdog timer interrupt request (INTWDT) is generated by the binary-counter overflow. A watchdog timer interrupt is the non-maskable interrupt which can be accepted regardless of the interrupt master flag (IMF). When a watchdog timer interrupt is generated while the other interrupt including a watchdog timer interrupt is already accepted, the new watchdog timer interrupt is processed immediately and the previous interrupt is held pending. Therefore, if watchdog timer interrupts are generated continuously without execution of the RETN instruction, too many levels of nesting may cause a malfunction of the microcontroller. To generate a watchdog timer interrupt, set the stack pointer before setting WDTCR1<WDTOUT>. Example :Setting watchdog timer interrupt LD SP, 00BFH : Sets the stack pointer LD (WDTCR1), 00001000B : WDTOUT ← 0 Page 48 TMP86P202PG 6.2.5 Watchdog Timer Reset When a binary-counter overflow occurs while WDTCR1<WDTOUT> is set to “1”, a watchdog timer reset request is generated. When a watchdog timer reset request is generated, the internal hardware is reset. The reset time is maximum 24/fc [s] (3.0 µs @ fc = 8.0 MHz). 219/fc [s] 217/fc Clock Binary counter (WDTT=11) 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 Overflow INTWDT interrupt request (WDTCR1<WDTOUT>= "0") Internal reset A reset occurs (WDTCR1<WDTOUT>= "1") Write 4EH to WDTCR2 Figure 6-2 Watchdog Timer Interrupt/Reset Page 49 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) 6.3 Address Trap TMP86P202PG 6.3 Address Trap The Watchdog Timer Control Register 1 and 2 share the addresses with the control registers to generate address traps. Watchdog Timer Control Register 1 7 WDTCR1 (0034H) 6 ATAS ATOUT 5 4 3 ATAS ATOUT (WDTEN) 2 1 (WDTT) 0 (WDTOUT) (Initial value: **11 1001) Select address trap generation in the internal RAM area 0: Generate no address trap 1: Generate address traps (After setting ATAS to “1”, writing the control code D2H to WDTCR2 is reguired) Select opertion at address trap 0: Interrupt request 1: Reset request Write only Watchdog Timer Control Register 2 WDTCR2 (0035H) 7 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: **** ****) WDTCR2 6.3.1 6 Write Watchdog timer control code and address trap area control code D2H: Enable address trap area selection (ATRAP control code) 4EH: Clear the watchdog timer binary counter (WDT clear code) B1H: Disable the watchdog timer (WDT disable code) Others: Invalid Write only Selection of Address Trap in Internal RAM (ATAS) WDTCR1<ATAS> specifies whether or not to generate address traps in the internal RAM area. To execute an instruction in the internal RAM area, clear WDTCR1<ATAS> to “0”. To enable the WDTCR1<ATAS> setting, set WDTCR1<ATAS> and then write D2H to WDTCR2. Executing an instruction in the SFR area generates an address trap unconditionally regardless of the setting in WDTCR1<ATAS>. 6.3.2 Selection of Operation at Address Trap (ATOUT) When an address trap is generated, either the interrupt request or the reset request can be selected by WDTCR1<ATOUT>. 6.3.3 Address Trap Interrupt (INTATRAP) When a binary-counter overflow occurs during WDTCR1<ATOUT> set to “0”, an address trap interrupt request (INTATRAP) is generated. An address trap interrupt is a non-maskable interrupt which can be accepted regardless of the interrupt master flag (IMF). When an address trap interrupt is generated while the other interrupt including a watchdog timer interrupt is already accepted, the new address trap is processed immediately and the previous interrupt is held pending. Therefore, if address trap interrupts are generated continuously without execution of the RETN instruction, too many levels of nesting may cause a malfunction of the microcontroller. To generate address trap interrupts, set the stack pointer beforehand. Page 50 TMP86P202PG 6.3.4 Address Trap Reset While WDTCR1<ATOUT> is “1”, if the CPU should start looping for some cause such as noise and attempt be made to fetch an instruction from the on-chip RAM (while WDTCR1<ATAS> is “1”) or the SFR area, address trap reset will be generated. When an address trap reset request is generated, the internal hardware is reset. The reset time is maximum 24/fc [s] (3.0 µs @ fc = 8.0 MHz). Page 51 6. Watchdog Timer (WDT) 6.3 Address Trap TMP86P202PG Page 52 TMP86P202PG 7. Time Base Timer (TBT) The time base timer generates time base for key scanning, dynamic displaying, etc. It also provides a time base timer interrupt (INTTBT). 7.1 Time Base Timer 7.1.1 Configuration MPX fc/223 fc/221 fc/216 fc/214 fc/213 fc/212 fc/211 fc/29 Source clock IDLE0 release request Falling edge detector INTTBT interrupt request 3 TBTCK TBTEN TBTCR Time base timer control register Figure 7-1 Time Base Timer configuration 7.1.2 Control Time Base Timer is controled by Time Base Timer control register (TBTCR). Time Base Timer Control Register 7 TBTCR (0036H) 6 (DVOEN) TBTEN 5 (DVOCK) Time Base Timer enable / disable 4 3 "0" TBTEN 2 1 0 TBTCK (Initial Value: 0000 0000) 0: Disable 1: Enable NORMAL1 Mode TBTCK Time Base Timer interrupt Frequency select : [Hz] 000 fc/223 001 fc/221 010 fc/216 011 fc/214 100 13 fc/2 101 fc/212 110 fc/211 111 fc/29 R/W Note 1: fc; High-frequency clock [Hz], *; Don't care Note 2: The interrupt frequency (TBTCK) must be selected with the time base timer disabled (TBTEN="0"). (The interrupt frequency must not be changed with the disable from the enable state.) Both frequency selection and enabling can be performed simultaneously. Page 53 7. Time Base Timer (TBT) 7.1 Time Base Timer TMP86P202PG Example :Set the time base timer frequency to fc/216 [Hz] and enable an INTTBT interrupt. LD (TBTCR) , 00000010B ; TBTCK ← 010 LD (TBTCR) , 00001010B ; TBTEN ← 1 ; IMF ← 0 DI SET (EIRL) . 6 EI Table 7-1 Time Base Timer Interrupt Frequency ( Example : fc = 8.0 MHz ) Time Base Timer Interrupt Frequency [Hz] TBTCK NORMAL1 Mode 7.1.3 000 0.95 001 3.81 010 122.07 011 488.28 100 976.56 101 1953.12 110 3906.25 111 15625 Function An INTTBT ( Time Base Timer Interrupt ) is generated on the first falling edge of source clock ( The divider output of the timing generato which is selected by TBTCK. ) after time base timer has been enabled. The divider is not cleared by the program; therefore, only the first interrupt may be generated ahead of the set interrupt period ( Figure 7-2 ). Source clock TBTCR<TBTEN> INTTBT Interrupt period Enable TBT Figure 7-2 Time Base Timer Interrupt Page 54 TMP86P202PG 7.2 Divider Output (DVO) Approximately 50% duty pulse can be output using the divider output circuit, which is useful for piezoelectric buzzer drive. Divider output is from DVO pin. 7.2.1 Configuration Output latch D Data output Q DVO pin MPX A B C Y D S 2 fc/213 fc/212 fc/211 fc/210 Port output latch TBTCR<DVOEN> DVOCK DVOEN TBTCR DVO pin output Divider output control register (a) configuration (b) Timing chart Figure 7-3 Divider Output 7.2.2 Control The Divider Output is controlled by the Time Base Timer Control Register. Time Base Timer Control Register 7 TBTCR (0036H) 6 DVOEN 5 DVOCK DVOEN 4 3 "0" (TBTEN) Divider output enable / disable 2 1 0 (TBTCK) (Initial value: 0000 0000) 0: Disable 1: Enable R/W NORMAL1 Mode DVOCK Divider Output (DVO) frequency selection: [Hz] 00 fc/213 01 fc/212 10 fc/211 11 fc/210 R/W Note: Selection of divider output frequency (DVOCK) must be made while divider output is disabled (DVOEN="0"). Also, in other words, when changing the state of the divider output frequency from enabled (DVOEN="1") to disable(DVOEN="0"), do not change the setting of the divider output frequency. Example :0.977 kHz pulse output (fc = 8.0 MHz) LD (TBTCR) , 00000000B ; DVOCK ← "00" LD (TBTCR) , 10000000B ; DVOEN ← "1" Page 55 7. Time Base Timer (TBT) 7.2 Divider Output (DVO) TMP86P202PG Table 7-2 Divider Output Frequency ( Example : fc = 8.0 MHz ) Divider Output Frequency [Hz] DVOCK NORMAL1 Mode 00 0.977 k 01 1.953 k 10 3.906 k 11 7.813 k Page 56 TMP86P202PG 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 Configuration PWM mode Overflow fc/211 7 fc/2 5 fc/2 fc/23 Reserved fc/2 fc TC4 pin A B C D E F G H Y A B INTTC4 interrupt request Clear Y 8-bit up-counter TC4S S PDO, PPG mode A B S 16-bit mode S TC4M TC4S TFF4 Toggle Q Set Clear Y 16-bit mode Timer, Event Counter mode S TC4CK PDO4/PWM4/ PPG4 pin Timer F/F4 A Y B TC4CR TTREG4 PWM, PPG mode PWREG4 DecodeEN PDO, PWM, PPG mode TFF4 16-bit mode TC3S PWM mode fc/211 fc/27 5 fc/2 3 fc/2 Reserved fc/2 fc TC3 pin Y 8-bit up-counter Overflow 16-bit mode PDO mode 16-bit mode Timer, Event Couter mode S TC3M TC3S TFF3 INTTC3 interrupt request Clear A B C D E F G H Toggle Q Set Clear PDO3/PWM3/ pin Timer F/F3 TC3CK TC3CR PWM mode TTREG3 DecodeEN PWREG3 TFF3 Figure 8-1 8-Bit TimerCouter 3, 4 Page 57 PDO, PWM mode 16-bit mode 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 Configuration TMP86P202PG 8.2 TimerCounter Control The TimerCounter 3 is controlled by the TimerCounter 3 control register (TC3CR) and two 8-bit timer registers (TTREG3, PWREG3). TimerCounter 3 Timer Register TTREG3 (001CH) R/W 7 PWREG3 (001EH) R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: 1111 1111) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: 1111 1111) Note 1: Do not change the timer register (TTREG3) setting while the timer is running. Note 2: Do not change the timer register (PWREG3) setting in the operating mode except the 8-bit and 16-bit PWM modes while the timer is running. TimerCounter 3 Control Register TC3CR (001AH) TFF3 7 TFF3 6 5 4 TC3CK Time F/F3 control 3 2 TC3S 0: 1: 1 0 TC3M (Initial value: 0000 0000) Clear Set R/W NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode TC3CK TC3S Operating clock selection [Hz] TC3 start control 000 fc/211 001 fc/27 010 fc/25 011 fc/23 100 Reserved 101 fc/2 110 fc 111 TC3 pin input 0: 1: 000: 001: TC3M TC3M operating mode select 010: 011: 1**: R/W Operation stop and counter clear Operation start R/W 8-bit timer/event counter mode 8-bit programmable divider output (PDO) mode 8-bit pulse width modulation (PWM) output mode 16-bit mode (Each mode is selectable with TC4M.) Reserved R/W Note 1: fc: High-frequency clock [Hz] Note 2: Do not change the TC3M, TC3CK and TFF3 settings while the timer is running. Note 3: To stop the timer operation (TC3S= 1 → 0), do not change the TC3M, TC3CK and TFF3 settings. To start the timer operation (TC3S= 0 → 1), TC3M, TC3CK and TFF3 can be programmed. Note 4: To use the TimerCounter in the 16-bit mode, set the operating mode by programming TC4CR<TC4M>, where TC3M must be fixed to 011. Note 5: To use the TimerCounter in the 16-bit mode, select the source clock by programming TC3CK. Set the timer start control and timer F/F control by programming TC4CR<TC4S> and TC4CR<TFF4>, respectively. Note 6: The operating clock settings are limited depending on the timer operating mode. For the detailed descriptions, see Table 8-1. Note 7: The timer register settings are limited depending on the timer operating mode. For the detailed descriptions, see Table 82. Page 58 TMP86P202PG The TimerCounter 4 is controlled by the TimerCounter 4 control register (TC4CR) and two 8-bit timer registers (TTREG4 and PWREG4). TimerCounter 4 Timer Register TTREG4 (001DH) R/W 7 PWREG4 (001FH) R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: 1111 1111) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (Initial value: 1111 1111) Note 1: Do not change the timer register (TTREG4) setting while the timer is running. Note 2: Do not change the timer register (PWREG4) setting in the operating mode except the 8-bit and 16-bit PWM modes while the timer is running. TimerCounter 4 Control Register TC4CR (001BH) TFF4 7 TFF4 6 5 4 TC4CK Timer F/F4 control 3 2 TC4S 0: 1: 1 0 TC4M (Initial value: 0000 0000) Clear Set R/W NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode TC4CK TC4S Operating clock selection [Hz] TC4 start control 000 fc/211 001 fc/27 010 fc/25 011 fc/23 100 Reserved 101 fc/2 110 fc 111 TC4 pin input 0: 1: 000: 001: 010: TC4M TC4M operating mode select 011: 100: 101: 110: 111: R/W Operation stop and counter clear Operation start R/W 8-bit timer/event counter mode 8-bit programmable divider output (PDO) mode 8-bit pulse width modulation (PWM) output mode Reserved 16-bit timer/event counter mode Warm-up counter mode 16-bit pulse width modulation (PWM) output mode 16-bit PPG mode R/W Note 1: fc: High-frequency clock [Hz] Note 2: Do not change the TC4M, TC4CK and TFF4 settings while the timer is running. Note 3: To stop the timer operation (TC4S= 1 → 0), do not change the TC4M, TC4CK and TFF4 settings. To start the timer operation (TC4S= 0 → 1), TC4M, TC4CK and TFF4 can be programmed. Note 4: When TC4M= 1** (upper byte in the 16-bit mode), the source clock becomes the TC4 overflow signal regardless of the TC3CK setting. Note 5: To use the TimerCounter in the 16-bit mode, select the operating mode by programming TC4M, where TC3CR<TC3 M> must be set to 011. Note 6: To the TimerCounter in the 16-bit mode, select the source clock by programming TC3CR<TC3CK>. Set the timer start control and timer F/F control by programming TC4S and TFF4, respectively. Page 59 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 Configuration TMP86P202PG Note 7: The operating clock settings are limited depending on the timer operating mode. For the detailed descriptions, see Table 8-1. Note 8: The timer register settings are limited depending on the timer operating mode. For the detailed descriptions, see Table 82. Page 60 TMP86P202PG Table 8-1 Operating Mode and Selectable Source Clock (NORMAL1 and IDLE1 Modes) fc/211 fc/27 fc/25 fc/23 fc/2 fc TC3 pin input TC4 pin input 8-bit timer Ο Ο Ο Ο – – – – 8-bit event counter – – – – – – Ο Ο 8-bit PDO Ο Ο Ο Ο – – – – 8-bit PWM Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο – – 16-bit timer Ο Ο Ο Ο – – – – 16-bit event counter – – – – – – Ο – 16-bit PWM Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο Ο – 16-bit PPG Ο Ο Ο Ο – – Ο – Operating mode Note 1: For 16-bit operations (16-bit timer/event counter, warm-up counter, 16-bit PWM and 16-bit PPG), set its source clock on lower bit (TC3CK). Note 2: Ο : Available source clock Table 8-2 Constraints on Register Values Being Compared Operating mode Register Value 8-bit timer/event counter 1≤ (TTREGn) ≤255 8-bit PDO 1≤ (TTREGn) ≤255 8-bit PWM 2≤ (PWREGn) ≤254 16-bit timer/event counter 1≤ (TTREG4, 3) ≤65535 16-bit PWM 2≤ (PWREG4, 3) ≤65534 16-bit PPG and (PWREG4, 3) + 1 < (TTREG4, 3) 1≤ (PWREG4, 3) < (TTREG4, 3) ≤65535 Note: n = 3 to 4 Page 61 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 Configuration TMP86P202PG 8.3 Function The TimerCounter 3 and 4 have the 8-bit timer, 8-bit event counter, 8-bit programmable divider output (PDO), 8bit pulse width modulation (PWM) output modes. The TimerCounter 3 and 4 (TC3, 4) are cascadable to form a 16bit timer. The 16-bit timer has the operating modes such as the 16-bit timer, 16-bit pulse width modulation (PWM) output and 16-bit programmable pulse generation (PPG) modes. 8.3.1 8-Bit Timer Mode (TC3 and 4) In the timer mode, the up-counter counts up using the internal clock. When a match between the up-counter and the timer register j (TTREGj) value is detected, an INTTCj interrupt is generated and the up-counter is cleared. After being cleared, the up-counter restarts counting. Note 1: In the timer mode, fix TCjCR<TFFj> to 0. If not fixed, the PDOj, PWMj and PPGj pins may output pulses. Note 2: In the timer mode, do not change the TTREGj setting while the timer is running. Since TTREGj is not in the shift register configuration in the timer mode, the new value programmed in TTREGj is in effect immediately after the programming. Therefore, if TTREGi is changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 3: j = 3, 4 Table 8-3 Internal Source Clock for TimerCounter 3, 4 (Internal Clock) Source Clock Resolution Maximum Setting time NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode fc = 8 MHz fc = 8 MHz fc/211 [Hz] 256 µs 65.2 ms fc/27 16 µs 4.1 ms fc/25 4 µs 1.0 ms fc/23 1 µs 255 µs Example :Setting the timer mode with source clock fc/27 Hz and generating an interrupt 160 µs later (TimerCounter4, fc = 8.0 MHz) (TTREG4), 0AH : Sets the timer register (160 µs÷27/fc = 0AH). (EIRH). 3 : Enables INTTC4 interrupt. LD (TC4CR), 00010000B : Sets the operating cock to fc/27, and 8-bit timer mode. LD (TC4CR), 00011000B : Starts TC4. LD DI SET EI TC4CR<TC4S> Internal Source Clock 1 Counter TTREG4 ? 2 3 n-1 n 0 1 2 n-1 n 0 1 2 n Match detect INTTC4 interrupt request Counter clear Match detect Figure 8-2 8-Bit Timer Mode Timing Chart (TC4) Page 62 Counter clear 0 TMP86P202PG 8.3.2 8-Bit Event Counter Mode (TC3, 4) In the 8-bit event counter mode, the up-counter counts up at the falling edge of the input pulse to the TCj pin. When a match between the up-counter and the TTREGj value is detected, an INTTCj interrupt is generated and the up-counter is cleared. After being cleared, the up-counter restarts counting at the falling edge of the input pulse to the TCj pin. Two machine cycles are required for the low- or high-level pulse input to the TCj pin. Therefore, a maximum frequency to be supplied is fc/24 Hz in the NORMAL1 or IDLE1 mode. Note 1: In the event counter mode, fix TCjCR<TFFj> to 0. If not fixed, the PDOj, PWMj and PPGj pins may output pulses. Note 2: In the event counter mode, do not change the TTREGj setting while the timer is running. Since TTREGj is not in the shift register configuration in the event counter mode, the new value programmed in TTREGj is in effect immediately after the programming. Therefore, if TTREGi is changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 3: j = 3, 4 TC4CR<TC4S> TC4 pin input 0 Counter TTREG4 ? 1 2 n-1 n 0 1 2 n-1 n 0 1 2 0 n Match detect INTTC4 interrupt request Counter clear Match detect Counter clear Figure 8-3 8-Bit Event Counter Mode Timing Chart (TC4) 8.3.3 8-Bit Programmable Divider Output (PDO) Mode (TC3, 4) This mode is used to generate a pulse with a 50% duty cycle from the PDOj pin. In the PDO mode, the up-counter counts up using the internal clock. When a match between the up-counter and the TTREGj value is detected, the logic level output from the PDOj pin is switched to the opposite state and the up-counter is cleared. The INTTCj interrupt request is generated at the time. The logic state opposite to the timer F/Fj logic level is output from the PDOj pin. An arbitrary value can be set to the timer F/Fj by TCjCR<TFFj>. Upon reset, the timer F/Fj value is initialized to 0. To use the programmable divider output, set the output latch of the I/O port to 1. Example :Generating 512 Hz pulse using TC4 (fc = 8.0 MHz) Setting port LD (TTREG4), 3DH : 1/512÷27/fc÷2 = 3DH LD (TC4CR), 00010001B : Sets the operating clock to fc/27, and 8-bit PDO mode. LD (TC4CR), 00011001B : Starts TC4. Note 1: In the programmable divider output mode, do not change the TTREGj setting while the timer is running. Since TTREGj is not in the shift register configuration in the programmable divider output mode, the new value programmed in TTREGj is in effect immediately after programming. Therefore, if TTREGi is changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 2: When the timer is stopped during PDO output, the PDOj pin holds the output status when the timer is stopped. To change the output status, program TCjCR<TFFj> after the timer is stopped. Do not change the TCjCR<TFFj> setting upon stopping of the timer. Example: Fixing the PDOj pin to the high level when the TimerCounter is stopped CLR (TCjCR).3: Stops the timer. CLR (TCjCR).7: Sets the PDOj pin to the high level. Note 3: j = 3, 4 Page 63 Page 64 ? INTTC4 interrupt request PDO4 pin Timer F/F4 TTREG4 Counter Internal source clock TC4CR<TFF4> TC4CR<TC4S> 0 n 1 Match detect 2 n 0 1 Match detect 2 n 0 1 Match detect 2 n 0 1 Match detect 2 n 0 1 2 3 Set F/F Held at the level when the timer is stopped 0 Write of "1" 8.1 Configuration 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) TMP86P202PG Figure 8-4 8-Bit PDO Mode Timing Chart (TC4) TMP86P202PG 8.3.4 8-Bit Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output Mode (TC3, 4) This mode is used to generate a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signals with up to 8 bits of resolution. The up-counter counts up using the internal clock. When a match between the up-counter and the PWREGj value is detected, the logic level output from the timer F/Fj is switched to the opposite state. The counter continues counting. The logic level output from the timer F/Fj is switched to the opposite state again by the up-counter overflow, and the counter is cleared. The INTTCj interrupt request is generated at this time. Since the initial value can be set to the timer F/Fj by TCjCR<TFFj>, positive and negative pulses can be generated. Upon reset, the timer F/Fj is cleared to 0. (The logic level output from the PWMj pin is the opposite to the timer F/Fj logic level.) Since PWREGj in the PWM mode is serially connected to the shift register, the value set to PWREGj can be changed while the timer is running. The value set to PWREGj during a run of the timer is shifted by the INTTCj interrupt request and loaded into PWREGj. While the timer is stopped, the value is shifted immediately after the programming of PWREGj. If executing the read instruction to PWREGj during PWM output, the value in the shift register is read, but not the value set in PWREGj. Therefore, after writing to PWREGj, the reading data of PWREGj is previous value until INTTCj is generated. For the pin used for PWM output, the output latch of the I/O port must be set to 1. Note 1: In the PWM mode, program the timer register PWREGj immediately after the INTTCj interrupt request is generated (normally in the INTTCj interrupt service routine.) If the programming of PWREGj and the interrupt request occur at the same time, an unstable value is shifted, that may result in generation of the pulse different from the programmed value until the next INTTCj interrupt request is generated. Note 2: When the timer is stopped during PWM output, the PWMj pin holds the output status when the timer is stopped. To change the output status, program TCjCR<TFFj> after the timer is stopped. Do not change the TCjCR<TFFj> upon stopping of the timer. Example: Fixing the PWMj pin to the high level when the TimerCounter is stopped CLR (TCjCR).3: Stops the timer. CLR (TCjCR).7: Sets the PWMj pin to the high level. Note 3: To enter the STOP mode during PWM output, stop the timer and then enter the STOP mode. If the STOP mode is entered without stopping the timer when fc or fc/2 is selected as the source clock, a pulse is output from the PWMj pin during the warm-up period time after exiting the STOP mode. Note 4: j = 3, 4 Table 8-4 PWM Output Mode Source Clock Resolution Repeated Cycle NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode fc = 8 MHz fc = 8MHz fc/211 [Hz] 256 µs 65.5 ms fc/27 16 µs 4.1 ms fc/25 4 µs 1.02 µs fc/23 1 µs 256 µs fc/2 250 ns 64 µs fc 125 ns 32 µs Page 65 Page 66 ? Shift registar 0 Shift INTTC4 interrupt request PWM4 pin Timer F/F4 ? PWREG4 Counter Internal source clock TC4CR<TFF4> TC4CR<TC4S> n n n Match detect 1 n n+1 Shift FF 0 n n n+1 m One cycle period Write to PWREG4 Match detect 1 Shift FF 0 m m m+1 p Write to PWREG4 Match detect m 1 Shift FF 0 p p Match detect 1 p 8.1 Configuration 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) TMP86P202PG Figure 8-5 8-Bit PWM Mode Timing Chart (TC4) TMP86P202PG 8.3.5 16-Bit Timer Mode (TC3 and 4) In the timer mode, the up-counter counts up using the internal clock. The TimerCounter 3 and 4 are cascadable to form a 16-bit timer. When a match between the up-counter and the timer register (TTREG3, TTREG4) value is detected after the timer is started by setting TC4CR<TC4S> to 1, an INTTC4 interrupt is generated and the up-counter is cleared. After being cleared, the up-counter continues counting. Program the lower byte and upper byte in this order in the timer register. (Programming only the upper or lower byte should not be attempted.) Note 1: In the timer mode, fix TCjCR<TFFj> to 0. If not fixed, the PDOj, PWMj, and PPGj pins may output a pulse. Note 2: In the timer mode, do not change the TTREGj setting while the timer is running. Since TTREGj is not in the shift register configuration in the timer mode, the new value programmed in TTREGj is in effect immediately after programming of TTREGj. Therefore, if TTREGj is changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 3: j = 3, 4 Table 8-5 Source Clock for 16-Bit Timer Mode Source Clock Resolution Maximum Setting Time NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode fc = 8 MHz fc = 8 MHz fc/211 256 µs 16.78 s fc/27 16 µs 1.05 s fc/25 4 µs 262.1 ms fc/23 1 µs 65.5 ms Example :Setting the timer mode with source clock fc/27 Hz, and generating an interrupt 600 ms later (fc = 8.0 MHz) (TTREG3), 927CH : Sets the timer register (600 ms÷27/fc = 927CH). (EIRH). 3 : Enables INTTC4 interrupt. LD (TC3CR), 13H :Sets the operating cock to fc/27, and 16-bit timer mode (lower byte). LD (TC4CR), 04H : Sets the 16-bit timer mode (upper byte). LD (TC4CR), 0CH : Starts the timer. LDW DI SET EI TC4CR<TC4S> Internal source clock 0 Counter TTREG3 (Lower byte) TTREG4 (Upper byte) ? ? INTTC4 interrupt request 1 2 3 mn-1 mn 0 1 2 mn-1 mn 0 1 n m Match detect Counter clear Match detect Counter clear Figure 8-6 16-Bit Timer Mode Timing Chart (TC3 and TC4) Page 67 2 0 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) 8.1 Configuration 8.3.6 TMP86P202PG 16-Bit Event Counter Mode (TC3 and 4) In the event counter mode, the up-counter counts up at the falling edge to the TC3 pin. The TimerCounter 3 and 4 are cascadable to form a 16-bit event counter. When a match between the up-counter and the timer register (TTREG3, TTREG4) value is detected after the timer is started by setting TC4CR<TC4S> to 1, an INTTC4 interrupt is generated and the up-counter is cleared. After being cleared, the up-counter restarts counting at the falling edge of the input pulse to the TC3 pin. Two machine cycles are required for the low- or high-level pulse input to the TC3 pin. Therefore, a maximum frequency to be supplied is fc/24 Hz in the NORMAL1 or IDLE1 mode. Program the lower byte (TTREG3), and upper byte (TTREG4) in this order in the timer register. (Programming only the upper or lower byte should not be attempted.) Note 1: In the event counter mode, fix TCjCR<TFFj> to 0. If not fixed, the PDOj, PWMj and PPGj pins may output pulses. Note 2: In the event counter mode, do not change the TTREGj setting while the timer is running. Since TTREGj is not in the shift register configuration in the event counter mode, the new value programmed in TTREGj is in effect immediately after the programming. Therefore, if TTREGj is changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 3: j = 3, 4 8.3.7 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output Mode (TC3 and 4) This mode is used to generate a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signals with up to 16 bits of resolution. The TimerCounter 3 and 4 are cascadable to form the 16-bit PWM signal generator. The counter counts up using the internal clock or external clock. When a match between the up-counter and the timer register (PWREG3, PWREG4) value is detected, the logic level output from the timer F/F4 is switched to the opposite state. The counter continues counting. The logic level output from the timer F/F4 is switched to the opposite state again by the counter overflow, and the counter is cleared. The INTTC4 interrupt is generated at this time. Two machine cycles are required for the high- or low-level pulse input to the TC3 pin. Therefore, a maximum frequency to be supplied is fc/24 Hz in the NORMAL1 or IDLE1 mode. Since the initial value can be set to the timer F/F4 by TC4CR<TFF4>, positive and negative pulses can be generated. Upon reset, the timer F/F4 is cleared to 0. (The logic level output from the PWM4 pin is the opposite to the timer F/F4 logic level.) Since PWREG4 and 3 in the PWM mode are serially connected to the shift register, the values set to PWREG4 and 3 can be changed while the timer is running. The values set to PWREG4 and 3 during a run of the timer are shifted by the INTTCj interrupt request and loaded into PWREG4 and 3. While the timer is stopped, the values are shifted immediately after the programming of PWREG4 and 3. Set the lower byte (PWREG3) and upper byte (PWREG3) in this order to program PWREG4 and 3. (Programming only the lower or upper byte of the register should not be attempted.) If executing the read instruction to PWREG4 and 3 during PWM output, the values set in the shift register is read, but not the values set in PWREG4 and 3. Therefore, after writing to the PWREG4 and 3, reading data of PWREG4 and 3 is previous value until INTTC4 is generated. For the pin used for PWM output, the output latch of the I/O port must be set to 1. Note 1: In the PWM mode, program the timer register PWREG4 and 3 immediately after the INTTC4 interrupt request is generated (normally in the INTTC4 interrupt service routine.) If the programming of PWREGj and the interrupt request occur at the same time, an unstable value is shifted, that may result in generation of pulse different from the programmed value until the next INTTC4 interrupt request is generated. Note 2: When the timer is stopped during PWM output, the PWM4 pin holds the output status when the timer is stopped. To change the output status, program TC4CR<TFF4> after the timer is stopped. Do not program TC4CR<TFF4> upon stopping of the timer. Example: Fixing thePWM4 pin to the high level when the TimerCounter is stopped CLR (TC4CR).3: Stops the timer. CLR (TC4CR).7 : Sets the PWM4 pin to the high level. Page 68 TMP86P202PG Note 3: To enter the STOP mode, stop the timer and then enter the STOP mode. If the STOP mode is entered without stopping of the timer when fc or fc/2 is selected as the source clock, a pulse is output from the PWM4 pin during the warm-up period time after exiting the STOP mode. Table 8-6 16-Bit PWM Output Mode Source Clock Resolution Repeated Cycle NORMAL1, IDLE1 mode fc = 8 MHz fc = 8 MHz fc/211 256 µs 16.78 ms fc/27 16 µs 1.05 ms fc/25 4 µs 262.1 ms fc/23 1 µs 65.5 ms fc/2 250 ns 16.4 ms fc 125 ns 8.2 ms Example :Generating a pulse with 2-ms high-level width and a period of 65.536 ms (fc = 8.0 MHz) Setting ports LDW (PWREG3), 07D0H : Sets the pulse width. LD (TC3CR), 33H : Sets the operating clock to fc/23, and 16-bit PWM output mode (lower byte). LD (TC4CR), 056H : Sets TFF4 to the initial value 0, and 16-bit PWM signal generation mode (upper byte). LD (TC4CR), 05EH : Starts the timer. Page 69 Page 70 ? ? PWREG4 (Upper byte) 16-bit shift register 0 a Shift INTTC4 interrupt request PWM4 pin Timer F/F4 ? PWREG3 (Lower byte) Counter Internal source clock TC4CR<TFF4> TC4CR<TC4S> an n an Match detect 1 an an+1 Shift FFFF 0 an an an+1 b One cycle period Write to PWREG4 m Write to PWREG3 Match detect 1 Shift FFFF 0 bm bm bm+1 c Write to PWREG4 p Write to PWREG3 Match detect bm 1 Shift FFFF 0 cp Match detect cp 1 cp 8.1 Configuration 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) TMP86P202PG Figure 8-7 16-Bit PWM Mode Timing Chart (TC3 and TC4) TMP86P202PG 8.3.8 16-Bit Programmable Pulse Generate (PPG) Output Mode (TC3 and 4) This mode is used to generate pulses with up to 16-bits of resolution. The timer counter 3 and 4 are cascadable to enter the 16-bit PPG mode. The counter counts up using the internal clock or external clock. When a match between the up-counter and the timer register (PWREG3, PWREG4) value is detected, the logic level output from the timer F/F4 is switched to the opposite state. The counter continues counting. The logic level output from the timer F/F4 is switched to the opposite state again when a match between the up-counter and the timer register (TTREG3, TTREG4) value is detected, and the counter is cleared. The INTTC4 interrupt is generated at this time. Two machine cycles are required for the high- or low-level pulse input to the TC3 pin. Therefore, a maximum frequency to be supplied is fc/24 Hz in the NORMAL1 or IDLE1 mode. Since the initial value can be set to the timer F/F4 by TC4CR<TFF4>, positive and negative pulses can be generated. Upon reset, the timer F/F4 is cleared to 0. (The logic level output from the PPG4 pin is the opposite to the timer F/F4.) Set the lower byte and upper byte in this order to program the timer register. (TTREG3 → TTREG4, PWREG3 → PWREG4) (Programming only the upper or lower byte should not be attempted.) For PPG output, set the output latch of the I/O port to 1. Example :Generating a pulse with 2-ms high-level width and a period of 32.770 ms (fc = 8.0 MHz) Setting ports LDW (PWREG3), 07D0H : Sets the pulse width. LDW (TTREG3), 8002H : Sets the cycle period. LD (TC3CR), 33H : Sets the operating clock to fc/23, and16-bit PWM mode (lower byte). LD (TC4CR), 057H : Sets TFF4 to the initial value 0, and 16-bit PWM mode (upper byte). LD (TC4CR), 05FH : Starts the timer. Note 1: In the PPG mode, do not change the PWREGi and TTREGi settings while the timer is running. Since PWREGi and TTREGi are not in the shift register configuration in the PPG mode, the new values programmed in PWREGi and TTREGi are in effect immediately after programming PWREGi and TTREGi. Therefore, if PWREGi and TTREGi are changed while the timer is running, an expected operation may not be obtained. Note 2: When the timer is stopped during PPG output, the PPG4 pin holds the output status when the timer is stopped. To change the output status, program TC4CR<TFF4> after the timer is stopped. Do not change TC4CR<TFF4> upon stopping of the timer. Example: Fixing the PPG4 pin to the high level when the TimerCounter is stopped CLR (TC4CR).3: Stops the timer CLR (TC4CR).7: Sets the PPG4 pin to the high level Note 3: i = 3, 4 Page 71 Page 72 ? TTREG4 (Upper byte) INTTC4 interrupt request PPG4 pin Timer F/F4 ? ? TTREG3 (Lower byte) PWREG4 (Upper byte) n PWREG3 (Lower byte) ? 0 Counter Internal source clock TC4CR<TFF4> TC4CR<TC4S> m r q mn Match detect 1 mn mn+1 Match detect qr-1 qr 0 mn Match detect 1 mn mn+1 Match detect qr-1 qr 0 mn Match detect 1 F/F clear 0 Held at the level when the timer stops mn mn+1 Write of "0" 8.1 Configuration 8. 8-Bit TimerCounter (TC3, TC4) TMP86P202PG Figure 8-8 16-Bit PPG Mode Timing Chart (TC3 and TC40) TMP86P202PG 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) The TMP86P202PG have a 8-bit successive approximation type AD converter. Note: AD conversion characteristics are guaranteed with limited supply voltage range (4.5V to 5.5V). If supply voltage is less than 4.5V then AD conversion accuracy can not be guaranteed. 9.1 Configuration The circuit configuration of the 8-bit AD converter is shown in Figure 9-1. It consists of control registers ADCCR1 and ADCCR2, converted value registers ADCDR1 and ADCDR2, a DA converter, a sample-and-hold circuit, a comparator, and a successive comparison circuit. DA converter VSS VDD R/2 Analog input multiplexer AIN2 R R/2 Reference voltage Sample hold circuit Y 8 Analog comparator AIN5 Successive approximate circuit Shift clock S EN ADCCR1 IREFON AINDS ADRS SAIN INTADC interrupt Control circuit 4 3 8 ACK ADCCR2 AD converter control register 1,2 ADCDR1 ADBF ADCDR2 AD conversion result register1,2 Figure 9-1 8-bit AD Converter (ADC) Page 73 EOCF 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) 9.1 Configuration TMP86P202PG 9.2 Control The AD converter consists of the following four registers: 1. AD converter control register 1 (ADCCR1) This register selects the analog channels in which to perform AD conversion and controls the AD converter as it starts operating. 2. AD converter control register 2 (ADCCR2) This register selects the AD conversion time and controls the connection of the DA converter (ladder resistor network). 3. AD converted value register 1 (ADCDR1) This register is used to store the digital value after being converted by the AD converter. 4. AD converted value register 2 (ADCDR2) This register monitors the operating status of the AD converter. AD Converter Control Register 1 ADCCR1 (000EH) 7 6 5 4 ADRS "0" "1" AINDS 3 2 1 SAIN ADRS AD conversion start 0: 1: − Start AINDS Analog input control 0: 1: Analog input enable Analog input disable Analog input channel select 0000: 0001: 0010: 0011: 0100: 0101: 0110: 0111: 1000: 1001: 1010: 1011: 1100: 1101: 1110: 1111: Reserved Reserved AIN2 AIN3 AIN4 AIN5 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved SAIN 0 (Initial value: 0001 0000) R/W Note 1: Select analog input when AD converter stops (ADCDR2<ADBF> = “0”). Note 2: When the analog input is all use disabling, the ADCCR1<AINDS> should be set to “1”. Note 3: During conversion, do not perform output instruction to maintain a precision for all of the pins. And port near to analog input, do not input intense signaling of change. Note 4: The ADRS is automatically cleared to “0” after starting conversion. Note 5: Do not set ADCCR1<ADRS> newly again during AD conversion. Before setting ADCCR1<ADRS> newly again, check ADCDR2<EOCF> to see that the conversion is completed or wait until the interrupt signal (INTADC) is generated (e.g., interrupt handling routine). Note 6: After STOP mode is started, AD converter control register 1 (ADCCR1) is all initialized and no data can be written in this register. Therefore, to use AD converter again, set the ADCCR1 newly after returning to NORMAL1 or NORMAL2 mode. Note 7: Although ADCCR1<SAIN> is initialized to "Reserved value" after reset, set the suitable analog input channel when using AD converter. Note 8: Always set bit 5 in ADCCR1 to “1” and set bit 6 in ADCCR1 to “0”. Page 74 TMP86P202PG AD Converter Control Register 2 7 ADCCR2 (000FH) IREFON ACK 6 5 4 IREFON “1” 3 2 1 0 ACK “0” (Initial value: **0* 000*) DA converter (ladder resistor) connection control 0: 1: Connected only during AD conversion Always connected R/W AD conversion time select 000: 001: 010: 011: 100: 101: 110: 111: Reserved Reserved 78/fc 156/fc 312/fc 624/fc 1248/fc Reserved R/W Note 1: Always set bit 0 in ADCCR2 to “0” and set bit 4 in ADCCR2 to “1”. Note 2: When a read instruction for ADCCR2, bit 6 to 7 in ADCCR2 read in as undefined data. Note 3: After STOP mode is started, AD converter control register 2 (ADCCR2) is all initialized and no data can be written in this register. Therefore, to use AD converter again, set the ADCCR2 newly after returning to NORMAL1 or NORMAL2 mode. Table 9-1 ACK Setting and Conversion Time Condition ACK Conversion time 8MHz 000 Reserved 001 Reserved 4 MHz 2 MHz 010 78/fc - 19.5 µs 39.0 µs 011 156/fc 19.5 µs 39.0 µs 78.0 µs 100 312/fc 39.0 µs 78.0 µs 156.0 µs 101 624/fc 78.0 µs 156.0 µs - 110 1248/fc 156.0 µs - - 111 Reserved Note 1: Settings for “−” in the above table are inhibited. fc: High-frequency clock [Hz] Note 2: Set conversion time by Supply Voltage(VDD) as follows. - (15.6 µs or more) VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V AD Converted Value Register1 ADCDR1 (0020H) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 AD07 AD06 AD05 AD04 AD03 AD02 AD01 AD00 5 4 3 2 1 0 EOCF ADBF (Initial value: 0000 0000) AD Converted Value Register2 ADCDR2 (0021H) 7 EOCF ADBF 6 (Initial value: **00 ****) AD conversion end flag 0: Before or during conversion 1: Conversion completed AD conversion busy flag 0: During stop of AD conversion 1: During AD conversion Note 1: The ADCDR2<EOCF> is cleared to “0” when reading the ADCDR1. Therefore, the AD conversion result should be read to ADCDR2 more first than ADCDR1. Note 2: ADCDR2<ADBF> is set to “1” when AD conversion starts and cleared to “0” when the AD conversion is finished. It also is cleared upon entering STOP mode. Note 3: If a read instruction is executed for ADCDR2, read data of bits 7, 6 and 3 to 0 are unstable. Page 75 Read only 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) 9.3 Function TMP86P202PG 9.3 Function 9.3.1 AD Converter Operation When ADCCR1<ADRS> is set to "1", AD conversion of the voltage at the analog input pin specified by ADCCR1<SAIN> is thereby started. After completion of the AD conversion, the conversion result is stored in AD converted value registers (ADCDR1) and at the same time ADCDR2<EOCF> is set to “1”, the AD conversion finished interrupt (INTADC) is generated. ADCCR1<ADRS> is automatically cleared after AD conversion has started. Do not set ADCCR1<ADRS> newly again (restart) during AD conversion. Before setting ADRS newly again, check ADCDR<EOCF> to see that the conversion is completed or wait until the interrupt signal (INTADC) is generated (e.g., interrupt handling routine). AD conversion start AD conversion start ADCCR1<ADRS> ADCDR2<ADBF> ADCDR1 status Indeterminate 1st conversion result 2nd conversion result EOCF cleared by reading conversion result ADCDR2<EOCF> INTADC interrupt Conversion result read Reading ADCDR1 Conversion result read Figure 9-2 AD Converter Operation 9.3.2 AD Converter Operation 1. Set up the AD converter control register 1 (ADCCR1) as follows: • Choose the channel to AD convert using AD input channel select (SAIN). • Specify analog input enable for analog input control (AINDS). 2. Set up the AD converter control register 2 (ADCCR2) as follows: • Set the AD conversion time using AD conversion time (ACK). For details on how to set the conversion time, refer to Table 9-1. • Choose IREFON for DA converter control. 3. After setting up 1. and 2. above, set AD conversion start (ADRS) of AD converter control register 1 (ADCCR1) to “1”. 4. After an elapse of the specified AD conversion time, the AD converted value is stored in AD converted value register 1 (ADCDR1) and the AD conversion finished flag (EOCF) of AD converted value register 2 (ADCDR2) is set to “1”, upon which time AD conversion interrupt INTADC is generated. 5. EOCF is cleared to “0” by a read of the conversion result. However, if reconverted before a register read, although EOCF is cleared the previous conversion result is retained until the next conversion is completed. Page 76 TMP86P202PG Example :After selecting the conversion time of 39.0 µs at 8.0 MHz and the analog input channel AIN3 pin, perform AD conversion once. After checking EOCF, read the converted value and store the 8-bit data in address 009FH on RAM. ; AIN SELECT : : : : ; Before setting the AD converter register, set each port register suitably (For detail, see chapter of I/O port.) LD (ADCCR1), 00100011B ; Select AIN3 LD (ADCCR2), 11011000B ; Select conversion time (312/fc) and operation mode SET (ADCCR1). 7 ; ADRS = 1 (Start AD conversion) TEST (ADCDR2). 5 ; EOCF = 1 ? JRS T, SLOOP : SLOOP: : 9.3.3 LD A, (ADCDR1) LD (9FH), A ; Read conversion result STOP Mode during AD Conversion When the STOPmode is entered forcibly during AD conversion, the AD convert operation is suspended and the AD converter is initialized (ADCCR1 and ADCCR2 are initialized to initial value.). Also, the conversion result is indeterminate. (Conversion results up to the previous operation are cleared, so be sure to read the conversion results before entering STOPmode.) When restored from STOPmode, AD conversion is not automatically restarted, so it is necessary to restart AD conversion. Note that the DA converter (Ladder resistor) is automatically disconnect. Page 77 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) 9.3 Function TMP86P202PG 9.3.4 Analog Input Voltage and AD Conversion Result The analog input voltage is corresponded to the 8-bit digital value converted by the AD as shown in Figure 9-3. AD conversion result FFH FEH FDH 03H 02H 01H × 0 1 2 3 253 254 Analog input voltage 255 256 VDD VSS 256 Figure 9-3 Analog Input Voltage and AD Conversion Result (typ.) Page 78 TMP86P202PG 9.4 Precautions about AD Converter 9.4.1 Analog input pin voltage range Make sure the analog input pins (AIN2 to AIN5) are used at voltages within VSS below VDD. If any voltage outside this range is applied to one of the analog input pins, the converted value on that pin becomes uncertain. The other analog input pins also are affected by that. 9.4.2 Analog input shared pins The analog input pins (AIN2 to AIN5) are shared with input/output ports. When using any of the analog inputs to execute AD conversion, do not execute input/output instructions for all other ports. This is necessary to prevent the accuracy of AD conversion from degrading. Not only these analog input shared pins, some other pins may also be affected by noise arising from input/output to and from adjacent pins. 9.4.3 Noise countermeasure The internal equivalent circuit of the analog input pins is shown in Figure 9-4. The higher the output impedance of the analog input source, more easily they are susceptible to noise. Therefore, make sure the output impedance of the signal source in your design is 5 kΩ or less. Toshiba also recommends attaching a capacitor external to the chip. AIN i Internal resistance 5 kΩ (typ) Analog comparator Allowable signal source impedance Internal capacitance C = 22 pF (typ.) 5 kΩ (max) DA converter Note) i = 5 to 2 Figure 9-4 Analog Input Equivalent Circuit and Example of Input Pin Processing Page 79 9. 8-Bit AD Converter (ADC) 9.4 Precautions about AD Converter TMP86P202PG Page 80 TMP86P202PG 10. OTP operation 10.1 Operating mode The TMP86P202PG has MCU mode and PROM mode. 10.1.1 MCU mode The MCU mode is set by fixing the TEST/VPP pin to the low level. (TEST/VPP pin cannot be used open because it has no built-in pull-down resistor). 10.1.1.1 Program Memory The TMP86P202PG has 2K bytes built-in one-time-PROM (addresses F800 to FFFFH in the MCU mode, addresses 0000 to 07FFH in the PROM mode). 0000H 0000H Program 07FFH Don’t use F800H Program FFFFH FFFFH MCU mode PROM mode (a) ROM size = 2 Kbytes Figure 10-1 Program Memory Area Note: The area that is not in use should be set data to FFH, or a general-purpose PROM programmer should be set only in the program memory area to access. 10.1.1.2 Data Memory TMP86P202PG has a built-in 128 bytes Data memory (static RAM). 10.1.2 PROM mode The PROM mode is set by setting the RESET pin, TEST pin and other pins as shown in Table 10-1 and Figure 10-2. The programming and verification for the internal PROM is acheived by using a general-purpose PROM programmer with the adaptor socket. Page 81 10. OTP operation 10.1 Operating mode TMP86P202PG Table 10-1 Pin name in PROM mode Pin name (PROM mode) I/O Function Pin name (MCU mode) A16 Input Program memory address input XOUT A15 to A8 Input Program memory address input P37 to P30 A7 to A0 Input Program memory address input P37 to P30 D7 to D0 Input/Output Program memory data input/output P37 to P30 CE Input Chip enable signal input P00 OE Input Output enable signal input P20 PGM Input Program mode signal input P01 DIDS Input PROM mode control signal input P12 VPP Power supply +12.75V/5V (Power supply of program) TEST VCC Power supply +6.25V/5V VDD GND Power supply 0V VSS VCC Input Fix to "H" level in PROM mode P11 RESET Input Fix to "L" level in PROM mode RESET CLK Input Input a clock from the outside XIN Note 1: The high-speed program mode can be used. The setting is different according to the type of PROM programmer to use, refer to each description of PROM programmer. TMP86P202PG does not support the electric signature mode, apply the ROM type of PROM programmer to TC571000D/AD. Always set the adapter socket switch to the "N" side when using TOSHIBA’s adaptor socket. Page 82 TMP86P202PG TMP86P202PG VPP (12.5 V/5 V) VCC TEST VDD P11 XOUT P37 to P30 A16 to A0 D7 to D0 Adaptor socket P00 P20 P01 P12 VSS XIN PROM programmer CE OE PGM DIDS CLK GND Refer to pin function for the other pin setting. Note 1: EPROM adaptor socket (TC571000 • 1M bit EPROM) Note 2: PROM programmer connection adaptor sockets BM11203 for TMP86P202PG Note 3: The pin names written inside frame are for TMP86P202PG. The pin names written outside frame except DIDS and CLK are for EPROM. Figure 10-2 PROM mode setting Page 83 10. OTP operation 10.1 Operating mode TMP86P202PG 10.1.2.1 Programming Flowchart (High-speed program writing) Start VCC = 6.25 V VPP = 12.75 V Address = Start address N=0 Program 0.1 ms pulse N=N+1 N = 25? Yes No Error Address = Address + 1 Verify OK No Last address ? Yes VCC = 5 V VPP = 5 V Read all data Error Fail OK Pass Figure 10-3 Programming Flowchart The high-speed programming mode is set by applying Vpp=12.75V (programming voltage) to the Vpp pin when the Vcc = 6.25 V. After the address and data are fixed, the data in the address is written by applying 0.1[msec] of low level program pulse to PGM pin. Then verify if the data is written. If the programmed data is incorrect, another 0.1[msec] pulse is applied to PGM pin. This programming procedure is repeated until correct data is read from the address (maximum of 25 times). Subsequently, all data are programmed in all address. When all data were written, verfy all address under the condition Vcc=Vpp=5V. Page 84 TMP86P202PG 10.1.2.2 Program Writing using a General-purpose PROM Programmer (1) Recommended OTP adaptor BM11203 for TMP86P202PG (2) Setting of OTP adaptor Set the switch (SW1) to "N" side. (3) Setting of PROM programmer a. Set PROM type to TC571000D/AD. Vpp: 12.75 V (high-speed program writing mode) b. Data transmission ( or Copy) (Note 1) The PROM of TMP86P202PG is located on different address; it depends on operating mode: MCU mode and PROM mode. When you write the data of ROM for mask ROM products, the data shuold be transferred (or copied ) from the address for MCU mode to that for PROM mode before writing operation is executed. For the applicable program areas of MCU mode and PROM mode are different, refer to TMP86P202PG" Figure 10-1 Program Memory Area ". Example: In the block transfer (copy) mode, executed as below. 2KB ROM capacity : 0F800~0FFFFH → 00000~007FFH c. Setting of the program address (Note 1) Start address: 0000H End address: 07FFH (4) Writting Write and verify according to the above procedure "Setting of PROM programmer". (5) Security bit The TMP86P202PG has a security bit in PROM cell. If the security bit is programmed to 0, the content of the PROM is disable to be read (FFH data) in PROM mode. How to program the security bit The difference from the programming procedures described in section 10.1.2.2 are follows. 1. Setting OTP adapter Set the switch (SW1) to the "S" side. 2. Setting PROM programmer Page 85 10. OTP operation 10.1 Operating mode TMP86P202PG i )Setting of programming address The security bit is in bit 0 of address 1101H. Set the start address 1101H and the end address 1101H. Set the data FEH at the address 1101H. Note 1: For the setting method, refer to each description of PROM programmer. Make sure to set the data of address area that is not in use to FFH. Note 2: When setting MCU to the adaptor or when setting the adaptor to the PROM programmer, set the first pin of the adaptor and that of PROM programmer socket matched. If the first pin is conversely set, MCU or adaptor or programmer would be damaged. Note 3: The TMP86P202PG does not support the electric signature mode. If PROM programmer uses the signature, the device would be damaged because of applying voltage of 12±0.5V to pin 9(A9) of the address. Don’t use the signature. Note 4: Do not alter the contents of register at 1101H after programming the security bit to 0. Page 86 TMP86P202PG 11. Input/Output Circuitry 11.1 Control Pins The input/output circuitries of the TMP86P202PG control pins are shown below. Control Pin I/O Input/Output Circuitry Remarks Osc. enable fc VDD XIN XOUT VDD Rf RO XIN XOUT Resonator connecting pins (High-frequency) Rf = 1.2 MΩ (typ.) RO = 0.5 kΩ (typ.) XIN XOUT Ceramic or crystal RESET Input R = 1 kΩ (typ.) R TEST Hysteresis input Pull-up resistor RIN = 220 kΩ (typ.) R = 1 kΩ (typ.) Fix the TEST pin at low-level in MCU mode. Input Page 87 11. Input/Output Circuitry 11.2 Input/Output Ports TMP86P202PG 11.2 Input/Output Ports Port I/O Input/Output Circuitry Remarks P0 I/O Sink open drain output or Push-pull output Hysteresis input High current output (Nch) (Programmable port option) R = 100 Ω (typ.) P1 I/O Tri-state I/O Hysteresis input R = 100 Ω (typ.) VDD Initial "High-Z" P2 I/O R Sink open drain output Hysteresis input R = 100 Ω (typ.) Initial "High-Z" Analog input P37 P36 P35 P34 VDD I/O Data output Tri-state I/O R = 100 Ω (typ.) Disable R Pin input Initial "High-Z" VDD Data output P33 P32 Tri-state I/O R = 100 Ω (typ.) I/O Disable R Pin input Initial "High-Z" VDD Data output P31 P30 I/O Disable R Tri-state I/O Hysteresis input R = 100 Ω (typ.) Pin input Note: Input staturs on pins set for input mode are read in into the internal circuit. Therefore, when using the ports in a mixture of input and output modes, the contents of the output latches for the ports that are set for input mode may be rewritten by execution of bit manipulating instructions. Page 88 TMP86P202PG 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings The absolute maximum ratings are rated values which must not be exceeded during operation, even for an instant. Any one of the ratings must not be exceeded. If any absolute maximum rating is exceeded, a device may break down or its performance may be degraded, causing it to catch fire or explode resulting in injury to the user. Thus, when designing products which include this device, ensure that no absolute maximum rating value will ever be exceeded. (VSS = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Pins Ratings −0.3 to 6.5 Supply voltage VDD Program voltage VPP Input voltage VIN −0.3 to VDD + 0.3 VOUT −0.3 to VDD + 0.3 Output voltage Output current (Per 1 pin) Output current (Total) Power dissipation [Topr = 85°C] TEST/VPP −0.3 to 13.0 IOUT1 P0, P1, P3 port −1.8 IOUT2 P1, P2, P3 port 12 IOUT3 P0 port 30 Σ IOUT1 P0, P1, P3 port −12 Σ IOUT2 P1, P2, P3 port 40 Σ IOUT3 P0 port 60 DIP 250 SOP 180 PD Unit V mA mW Soldering temperature (Time) Tsld 260 (10 s) Storage temperature Tstg −55 to 150 Operating temperature Topr −40 to 85 Page 89 °C 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings TMP86P202PG 12.2 Operating Condition The Operating Conditions show the conditions under which the device be used in order for it to operate normally while maintaining its quality. If the device is used outside the range of Operating Conditions (power supply voltage, operating temperature range, or AC/DC rated values), it may operate erratically. Therefore, when designing your application equipment, always make sure its intended working conditions will not exceed the range of Operating Conditions. (VSS = 0 V, Topr = −40 to 85°C) Parameter Symbol Pins Condition Min Max Unit 5.5 V NORMAL1 mode Supply voltage 3.3 VDD IDLE0, 1 mode STOP mode Input high level VIH1 Except hysteresis input VIH2 Hysteresis input VDD < 4.5 V VIH3 Input low level VIL1 Except hysteresis input VIL2 Hysteresis input fc VDD × 0.70 VDD × 0.75 XIN, XOUT VDD × 0.30 VDD ≥ 4.5 V 0 VDD = 3.3 V to 5.5 V V VDD × 0.25 VDD × 0.10 1.0 Note: AD conversion characteristics are guaranteed with limited supply voltage range (4.5 V to 5.5 V). If supply voltage is less than 4.5 V then AD conversion accuracy can not be guaranteed. Page 90 VDD VDD × 0.90 VDD < 4.5 V VIL3 Clock frequency VDD ≥ 4.5 V 2.0 8.0 MHz TMP86P202PG 12.3 DC Characteristics (VSS = 0 V, Topr = −40 to 85°C) Parameter Symbol Pins Condition Min Typ. Max Unit – 0.9 – V – – ±2 µA 100 220 450 kΩ – – ±2 µA 4.1 – – VHS Hysteresis input IIN1 TEST IIN2 Sink open drain, Tri-state port IIN3 RESET, STOP Input resistance RIN RESET pull-up Output leakage current ILO Sink open drain, Tri-state port VDD = 5.5 V, VOUT = 5.5 V/0 V Output high voltage VOH P0, P1, P3 port VDD = 4.5 V, IOH = −0.7 mA Output low voltage VOL P1, P2, P3 port VDD = 4.5 V, IOL = 1.6 mA – – 0.4 Output low current IOL Middle current port (except XOUT, P0) VDD = 4.5 V, VOL = 1.0 V – 8 – Output low current IOL High current port (P0 port) VDD = 4.5 V, VOL = 1.0 V – 20 – VDD = 5.5 V – 3.0 5.5 – 1.9 4.0 – 0.5 10.0 Hysteresis voltage Input current VDD = 5.5 V, VIN = 5.5 V/0 V V mA Supply current in NORMAL 1 mode Supply current in IDLE 0, 1 mode VIN = 5.3 V/0.2 V fc = 8.0 MHz IDD VDD = 5.5 V Supply current in STOP mode VIN = 5.3 V/0.2 V µA Note 1: Typical values show those at Topr = 25°C, VDD = 5 V Note 2: Input current (IIN1, IIN3); The current through pull-up or pull-down resistor is not included. Note 3: IDD does not include IREF current. 12.4 AD Conversion Characteristics (VSS = 0.0 V, VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V, Topr = −40 to 85°C) Parameter Symbol Analog input voltage VAIN Power supply current of analog reference voltage IREF Condition VDD = 5.5 V VSS = 0.0 V Min Typ. Max Unit VSS – VDD V – 0.6 1.0 mA Non linearity error – – ±2 Zero point error – – ±2 – – ±2 – – ±4 Full scale error VDD = 5.0 V, VSS = 0.0 V Total error LSB Note 1: The total error includes all errors except a quantization error, and is defined as a maximum deviation from the ideal conversion line. Note 2: Conversion time is different in recommended value by power supply voltage. About conversion time, please refer to section of “Control” of the chapter "8-bit AD Converter". Note 3: Please use input voltage to AIN input Pin in limit of VDD to VSS. When voltage of range outside is input, conversion value becomes unsettled and gives affect to other channel conversion value. Note 4: The relevant pin for IREF is VDD, so that the current flowing into VDD is the power supply current IDD + IREF. Note 5: AD conversion characteristics are guaranteed with limited supply voltage range 4.5 V to 5.5 V. If supply voltage is less than 4.5 V then AD conversion accuracy can not be guaranteed. Page 91 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.5 AC Characteristics TMP86P202PG 12.5 AC Characteristics (VSS = 0 V, VDD = 3.3 to 5.5 V, Topr = −40 to 85°C) Parameter Symbol Condition Min Typ. Max Unit 0.5 – 4 µs 50 – – ns NORMAL1 mode Machine cycle time tcy IDLE0, 1 mode High level clock pulse width tWCH Low level clock pulse width tWCL For external clock operation (XIN input) fc = 8 MHz 12.6 Recommended Oscillation Conditions XIN XOUT C2 C1 Ceramic, Crystal Oscillation Note 1: To ensure stable oscillation, the resonator position, load capacitance, etc. must be appropriate. Because these factors are greatly affected by board patterns, please be sure to evaluate operation on the board on which the device will actually be mounted. Note 2: For the resonators to be used with Toshiba microcontrollers, we recommend ceramic resonators manufactured by Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. For details, please visit the website of Murata at the following URL: http://www.murata.com/ Page 92 TMP86P202PG 12.7 DC Characteristics, AC Characteristics (PROM mode) 12.7.1 Read operation in PROM mode (VSS = 0 V, Topr = −40 to 85°C) Parameter Symbol Min Typ. Max VIH4 VCC × 0.75 – VCC Low level input voltage VIL4 0 – VCC × 0.25 Power supply VCC 4.75 5.0 5.25 – – 1.5tcyc + 300 – tcyc – High level input voltage Condition Unit V Program supply of program VPP Address access time tACC Address input cycle – VCC = 5.0 ± 0.25 V Note: tcyc = 250 ns, fCLK = 16 MHz A16 to A0 DIDS P37 to P30 AH AL Data output CE OE PGM Address input cycle tACC Note:DIDS and P37 to P30 are the signals for the TMP86P202PG. All other signals are EPROM programmable. AL: Address input (A0 to A7) AH: Address input (A8 to A15) Page 93 ns 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.6 Recommended Oscillation Conditions TMP86P202PG 12.7.2 Program operation (High-speed) (Topr = 25 ± 5°C) Parameter Symbol Condition Min Typ. Max High level input voltage VIH4 VCC × 0.75 – VCC Low level input voltage VIL4 0 – VCC × 0.25 Power supply VCC 6.0 6.25 6.5 Program supply of program VPP Pulse width of initializing program tPW Address set up time tAS Unit V Address input cycle VCC = 6.0 V 12.5 12.75 13.0 0.095 0.1 0.105 0.5tcyc – – – – tcyc – Data set up time tDS 1.5tcyc – – OE to valid output data tOE – – 1.5tcyc + 300 ms Note: tcyc = 250 ns, fCLK = 16 MHz High-speed program writing A16 to A0 DIDS P37 to P30 AH AL Input data Data outputs CE OE tPW PGM VPP tAS Address input cycle tDS Program tOE Verify Note:DIDS and P37 to P30 are the signals for the TMP86P202PG. All other signals are EPROM programmable. AL: Address input (A0 to A7) AH: Address input (A8 to A15) Note 1: The power supply of VPP (12.75 V) must be set power-on at the same time or the later time for a power supply of VCC and must be clear power-on at the same time or early time for a power supply of VCC. Note 2: The pulling up/down device on the condition of VPP = 12.75 V ± 0.25 V causes a damage for the device. Do not pull up/down at programming. Note 3: Use the recommended adapter and mode. Using other than the above condition may cause the trouble of the writting. Page 94 ns TMP86P202PG 12.8 Handling Precaution - The solderability test conditions for lead-free products (indicated by the suffix G in product name) are shown below. 1. When using the Sn-37Pb solder bath Solder bath temperature = 230 °C Dipping time = 5 seconds Number of times = once R-type flux used 2. When using the Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder bath Solder bath temperature = 245 °C Dipping time = 5 seconds Number of times = once R-type flux used Note: The pass criteron of the above test is as follows: Solderability rate until forming ≥ 95 % - When using the device (oscillator) in places exposed to high electric fields such as cathode-ray tubes, we recommend electrically shielding the package in order to maintain normal operating condition. Page 95 12. Electrical Characteristics 12.6 Recommended Oscillation Conditions TMP86P202PG Page 96 TMP86P202PG 13. Package Dimensions DIP20-P-300-2.54D Rev 01 10 10.922max 1 0.381min 1.651 typ 2.54 1.524 0.127 0.457 Page 97 0.102 0.076 0.254 M 0.254 5.344max 3.302 26.797max 26.162 0.127 3.302 0.127 1.651 0.381 0.051 7.62 11 6.401 20 17 0~ 0.203 0.305 Unit: mm 13. Package Dimensions TMP86P202PG Page 98 This is a technical document that describes the operating functions and electrical specifications of the 8-bit microcontroller series TLCS-870/C (LSI). Toshiba provides a variety of development tools and basic software to enable efficient software development. These development tools have specifications that support advances in microcomputer hardware (LSI) and can be used extensively. Both the hardware and software are supported continuously with version updates. The recent advances in CMOS LSI production technology have been phenomenal and microcomputer systems for LSI design are constantly being improved. The products described in this document may also be revised in the future. Be sure to check the latest specifications before using. Toshiba is developing highly integrated, high-performance microcomputers using advanced MOS production technology and especially well proven CMOS technology. We are prepared to meet the requests for custom packaging for a variety of application areas. We are confident that our products can satisfy your application needs now and in the future.