TPD4104AK TOSHIBA Intelligent Power Device High Voltage Monolithic Silicon Power IC TPD4104AK The TPD4104AK is a DC brush less motor driver using high voltage PWM control. It is fabricated by high voltage SOI process. It contains level shift high-side driver, low-side driver, IGBT outputs, FRDs and protective functions for under voltage protection circuits and thermal shutdown circuit. It is easy to control a DC brush less motor by just putting logic inputs from a MPU or motor controller to the TPD4104AK. Features • Bootstrap circuit gives simple high side power supply. • Bootstrap diodes are built in. • A dead time can be set as a minimum of 1.4 μs, and it is the best for a Sine-wave from drive. • 3-phase bridge output using IGBTs. • FRDs are built in. • Included under voltage protection and thermal shutdown. • The regulator of 7V (typ.) is built in. • Package: 23-pin HZIP. This product has a MOS structure and is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. When handling this product, ensure that the environment is protected against electrostatic discharge. Weight HZIP23-P-1.27F : 6.1 g (typ.) HZIP23-P-1.27G : 6.1 g (typ.) HZIP23-P-1.27H : 6.1 g (typ.) 1 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Pin Assignment 1 HU 2 3 HV HW 4 LU 5 LV 6 7 LW IS1 8 9 10 11 12 13 NC BSU U VBB 1 BSV V 14 15 16 17 18 BSW W VBB 2 NC IS2 19 20 21 22 23 NC DIAG VCC GND VREG Marking Lot No. TPD4104AK JAPAN Part No. (or abbreviation code) A line indicates lead (Pb)-free package or lead (Pb)-free finish. 2 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Block Diagram 9 BSU VCC 21 12 BSV 14 BSW VREG 23 7V Regulator UnderUnderUndervoltage voltage voltage Protection Protection Protection Undervoltage Protection HU 1 HV 2 HW 3 Input Control LV 5 16 VBB2 High-side Level Shift Driver Thermal 10 U Shutdown 13 V LU 4 LW 6 11 VBB1 15 W Low-side Driver DIAG 20 18 IS2 7 IS1 22 GND 3 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Pin Description Pin No. Symbol Pin Description 1 HU 2 HV 3 HW 4 LU 5 LV 6 LW 7 IS1 IGBT emitter and FRD anode pin. 8 NC Unused pin, which is not connected to the chip internally. 9 BSU 10 U 11 VBB1 U and V-phase high-voltage power supply input pin. 12 BSV V-phase bootstrap capacitor connecting pin. 13 V 14 BSW The control terminal of IGBT by the side of U top arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. The control terminal of IGBT by the side of V top arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. The control terminal of IGBT by the side of W top arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. The control terminal of IGBT by the side of U bottom arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. The control terminal of IGBT by the side of V bottom arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. The control terminal of IGBT by the side of W bottom arm. It turns off more than by 1.5V. It turns on more than by 3.5V. U-phase bootstrap capacitor connecting pin. U-phase output pin. V-phase output pin. W-phase bootstrap capacitor connecting pin. 15 W 16 VBB2 17 NC Unused pin, which is not connected to the chip internally. 18 IS2 IGBT emitter and FRD anode pin. 19 NC Unused pin, which is not connected to the chip internally. 20 Ｗ-phase output pin. W-phase high-voltage power supply input pin. DIAG With the diagnostic output terminal of open drain , a pull-up is carried out by resistance. It turns it on at the time of unusual. 21 VCC Control power supply pin.(15V typ.) 22 GND Ground pin. 23 VREG 7V regulator output pin. 4 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Equivalent Circuit of Input Pins Internal circuit diagram of HU, HV, HW, LU, LV, LW input pins HU/HV/HW LU/LV/LW 5 kΩ 200 kΩ VREG To internal circuit 5 kΩ 2 kΩ 6.5 V 6.5 V 6.5 V 6.5 V Internal circuit diagram of DIAG pin DIAG 5 kΩ To internal circuit 26 V 5 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Timing Chart HU HV HW Input Voltage LU LV LW VU Output voltage VV VW 6 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Truth Table Mode Input Normal Thermal shutdown Under voltage Top arm Ｕ Bottom arm Ｖ Ｖ phase phase phase phase ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ Ｈ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｈ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＦＦ ＯＮ ＨＶ ＨＷ ＬＵ ＬＶ ＬＷ phase phase Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＮ ＯＦＦ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ ＯＦＦ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｈ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｈ Ｌ Ｌ Ｌ Ｗ DIAG Ｕ ＨＵ Ｗ Notes: Release of Thermal shutdown protection and under voltage protection depends release of a self-reset . Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Characteristics Power supply voltage Symbol Rating Unit VBB 500 V VCC 18 V Output current (DC) Iout 2 A Output current (pulse) Iout 3 A Input voltage VIN −0.5~7 V VREG current IREG 50 mA Power dissipation (Ta = 25°C) PC 4 W Power dissipation (Tc = 25°C) PC 20 W Tjopr −20~135 °C Junction temperature Tj 150 °C Storage temperature Tstg −55~150 °C Lead-heat sink isolation voltage Vhs 1000 (1 min) Vrms Operating temperature 7 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C) Characteristics Operating power supply voltage Symbol Test Condition Min Typ. Max VBB ⎯ 50 280 400 VCC ⎯ 13.5 15 16.5 Unit V IBB VBB = 400 V ⎯ 0 0.5 ICC VCC = 15 V ⎯ 1 5 IBS (ON) VBS = 15 V, high side ON ⎯ 300 410 IBS (OFF) VBS = 15 V, high side OFF ⎯ 270 370 VIH VIN = “H” 3.5 ⎯ ⎯ VIL VIN = “L” ⎯ ⎯ 1.5 IIH VIN = 5Ｖ ⎯ ⎯ 150 IIL VIN = 0 V ⎯ ⎯ 100 VCEsatH VCC = 15 V, IC = 1 A ⎯ 2.4 3 VCEsatL VCC = 15 V, IC = 1 A ⎯ 2.4 3 VFH IF = 1 A, high side ⎯ 1.6 2.0 VFL IF = 1 A, low side ⎯ 1.6 2.0 VCC = 15 V, IO = 30 mA 6.5 7 7.5 V VF (BSD) IF = 500μＡ ⎯ 0.9 1.2 V TSD VCC = 15 V 135 150 180 ℃ Thermal shutdown hysteresis ΔTSD VCC = 15 V ⎯ 50 ⎯ ℃ VCC under voltage protection VCCUVD ⎯ 10 11 12 V VCC under voltage protection recovery VCCUVR ⎯ 10.5 11.5 12.5 V VBS under voltage protection VBSUVD ⎯ 8 9 9.5 V VBS under voltage protection recovery VBSUVR ⎯ 8.5 9.5 10.5 V DIAG saturation voltage VDIAGsat IDIAG=5mA ⎯ ⎯ 0.5 V Current dissipation Input voltage Input current Output saturation voltage FRD forward voltage Regulator voltage BSD forward voltage Thermal shutdown temperature VREG mA μA V μA V V Output on delay time ton VBB = 280 V, IC = 1 A ⎯ 1.5 3 μs Output off delay time toff VBB = 280 V, IC = 1 A ⎯ 1.2 3 μs tdead VBB = 280 V, IC = 1 A 1.4 ⎯ ⎯ μs trr VBB = 280 V, IC = 1 A ⎯ 200 ⎯ ns Dead time FRD reverse recovery time 8 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Application Circuit Example 15V VCC 21 + C4 9 12 C5 14 C6+ C7 VREG 23 7V Regulator 11 UnderUnderUndervoltage voltage voltage Protection Protection Protection Undervoltage Protection HU Control IC HV or HW Microcomputer LU LV LW R２ 1 16 Thermal 10 Shutdown 13 6 BSW VBB1 VBB2 C1 C2 C3 3 5 BSV High-side Level Shift Driver 2 4 BSU Input Control 15 U Ｍ V W Low-side Driver 20 DIAG 18 7 IS2 IS1 22 9 R１ GND 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK External Parts Standard external parts are shown in the following table. Part Recommended Value Purpose Remarks C1, C2, C3 25 V/2.2 μF Bootstrap capacitor (Note 1) R1 0.62 Ω ± 1% (1 W) Current detection (Note 2) C4 25 V/10 μF VCC power supply stability (Note 3) C５ 25 V/0.1 μF VCC for surge absorber (Note 3) C6 16 V/1 μF VREG power supply stability (Note 3) C7 16 V/1000 pF VREG for surge absorber (Note 3) R3 5.1 kΩ DIAG pin pull-up resistor (Note 4) Note 1: The required bootstrap capacitance value varies according to the motor drive conditions. The capacitor is biased by VCC and must be sufficiently derated for it. Note 2: The following formula shows the detection current: IO = VR ÷ RIS (For VR = 0.5 V) Do not exceed a detection current of 2 A when using this product. (Please go from the outside in the over current protection.) Note 3: When using this product, some adjustment is required in accordance with the use environment. When mounting, place as close to the base of this product leads as possible to improve the ripple and noise elimination. Note 4: The DIAG pin is open drain. Note that when the DIAG pin is connected to a power supply with a voltage higher than or equal to the VCC, a protection circuit is triggered so that the current flows continuously. If not using the DIAG pin, connect to the GND. Handling precautions Please control the input signal in the state to which the VCC voltage is steady. Both of the order of the VBB power supply and the VCC power supply are not cared about either. Note that if the power supply is switched off as described above, this product may be destroyed if the current regeneration route to the VBB power supply is blocked when the VBB line is disconnected by a relay or similar while the motor is still running. The excess voltage such as the voltage serge which exceed the maximum rating is added, for example, may destroy the circuit. Accordingly, be careful of handling this product or of surge voltage in its application environment. 10 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Description of Protection Function (1) Under voltage protection This product incorporates the under voltage protection circuit to prevent the IGBT from operating in unsaturated mode when the VCC voltage or the VBS voltage drops. When the VCC power supply falls to this product internal setting (VCCUVD = 11 V typ.), all IGBT outputs shut down regardless of the input. This protection function has hysteresis. When the VCCUVR (= 11.5 V typ.) reaches 0.5 V higher than the shutdown voltage, this product is automatically restored and the IGBT is turned on again by the input. When the VBS supply voltage drops (VBSUVD = 9 V typ.), the high-side IGBT output shuts down. When the VBSUVR (= 9.5 V typ.) reaches 0.5 V higher than the shutdown voltage, the IGBT is turned on again by the input signal. Thermal shutdown This product incorporates the thermal shutdown circuit to protect itself against the abnormal state when its temperature rises excessively. When the temperature of this chip rises due to external causes or internal heat generation and the internal setting TSD reaches 150°C, all IGBT outputs shut down regardless of the input. This protection function has hysteresis (ΔTSD = 50°C typ.). When the chip temperature falls to TSD − ΔTSD, the chip is automatically restored and the IGBT is turned on again by the input. Because the chip contains just one temperature detection location, when the chip heats up due to the IGBT, for example, the differences in distance from the detection location in the IGBT (the source of the heat) cause differences in the time taken for shutdown to occur. Therefore, the temperature of the chip may rise higher than the thermal shutdown temperature when the circuit started to operate. (2) (A) 2.0 2.1 Peak winding current Peak winding current (A) Safe Operating Area 0 0 0 400 Power supply voltage VBB Figure 1 (V) 0 400 Power supply voltage VBB SOA at Tj = 135°C Figure 2 (V) SOA at Tc = 95°C Note 1: The above safe operating areas are Tj = 135°C (Figure 1) and Tc = 95°C (Figure 2). If the temperature exceeds thsese, the safe operation areas reduce. 11 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK VCEsatL – Tj VCEsatL (V) VCC = 15 V IC = 1.6A 3.2 IC = 1.2A 2.8 IGBT saturation voltage IGBT saturation voltage VCEsatH (V) VCEsatH – Tj 3.6 IC = 0.8A 2.4 2.0 IC = 0.4A 1.6 −20 20 60 Junction temperature 100 Tj 140 3.6 VCC = 15 V IC = 1.6A 3.2 IC = 1.2A 2.8 IC = 0.8A 2.4 2.0 IC = 0.4A 1.6 −20 (°C) 20 60 Junction temperature VFL (V) 2.4 IF = 1.6A 2.0 IF = 1.2A 1.6 IF = 0.8A IF = 0.4A 1.2 0.8 −20 20 60 Junction temperature 100 Tj IF = 1.6A 2.0 IF = 1.2A 1.6 IF = 0.8 A IF = 0.4A 1.2 (°C) 20 60 Junction temperature ICC – VCC Tj 140 (°C) −20°C 25°C 135°C −20°C (mA) (V) 25°C 135°C VREG 1.5 Regulator voltage ICC Consumption current 100 VREG – VCC 7.4 1.0 0.5 14 (°C) 2.4 0.8 −20 140 2.0 0 12 Tj 140 VFL – Tj FRD forward voltage FRD forward voltage VFH (V) VFH – Tj 100 16 Control power supply voltage (V) Ireg = 30 mA 7.0 6.8 6.6 12 18 VCC 7.2 14 16 Control power supply voltage 12 18 VCC (V) 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK tON – Tj tOFF – Tj 2.0 tOFF 1.5 1.0 Output off delay time Output on delay time tON (μs) (μs) 2.0 VBB = 280 V VCC = 15 V IC = 1.0 A High-side Low-side 0.5 −20 20 60 Junction temperature 100 Tj VBB = 280 V VCC = 15 V IC = 1.0 A High-side Low-side 1.5 1.0 0.5 −20 140 (°C) 20 Junction temperature VCCUV– Tj Tj 140 (°C) 10.5 VCCUVD Under voltage protection operating voltage VBSUV (V) Under voltage protection operating voltage VCCUV (V) 100 VBSUV – Tj 12.5 VCCUVR 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 −20 60 20 60 Junction temperature 100 Tj VBSUVD VBSUVR 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 −20 140 (°C) 20 60 Junction temperature 13 100 Tj 140 (°C) 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK IBS – VBS (ON) IBS – VBS (OFF) (μA) −20°C 25°C IBS (OFF) 135°C 400 Current consumption Current consumption IBS (ON) (μA) 500 300 200 100 12 14 16 18 Control power supply voltage VBS 500 −20°C 25°C 135°C 400 300 200 100 12 (V) 14 Wton – Tj (μJ) Wtoff IC = 1.6A Turn-off loss (μJ) Wton Turn-on loss 300 IC = 1.2A IC = 0.8A 100 IC = 0.4A 20 60 Junction temperature 100 Tj 80 (°C) IC = 1.2A IC = 0.8A 40 IC = 0.4A 20 20 60 Junction temperature 14 (V) IC = 1.6A 60 0 −20 140 VBS Wtoff – Tj 100 400 0 −20 18 Control power supply voltage 500 200 16 100 Tj 140 (°C) 2005-01-31 1A 15 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU 1A 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU TPD4104AK Test Circuits IGBT Saturation Voltage (U-phase low side) HU = 0 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU = 5 V LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VM VCC = 15 V FRD Forward Voltage (U-phase low side) VM 2005-01-31 16 30 mA 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU TPD4104AK VCC Current Dissipation IM VCC = 15 V Regulator Voltage VM VCC = 15 V 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK 280 Ω 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 2.2 μF 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU Output ON/OFF Delay Time (U-phase low side) HU = 0 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU = PG LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VCC = 15 V U = 280 V IM 90% LU 10% 90% IM 10% tON tOFF 17 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 2 kΩ 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU VCC Under voltage Protection Operation/Recovery Voltage (U-phase low side) HU = 0 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU = 5 V LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VCC = 15 V → 6 V 6 V → 15 V U = 18 V VM *:Note:Sweeps the VCC pin voltage from 15 V to decrease and monitors the U pin voltage. The VCC pin voltage when output is off defines the under voltage protection operating voltage. Also sweeps from 6 V to increase. The VCC pin voltage when output is on defines the under voltage protection recovery voltage. 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 2 kΩ VM 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU VBS Under voltage Protection Operation/Recovery Voltage (U-phase high side) HU = 5 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU = 0 V LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VCC = 15 V VBB = 18 V BSU = 15 V → 6 V 6 V → 15 V *:Note: Sweeps the BSU pin voltage from 15 V to decrease and monitors the VBB pin voltage. The BSU pin voltage when output is off defines the under voltage protection operating voltage. Also sweeps the BSU pin voltage from 6 V to increase and change the HU pin voltage at 0 V → 5 V → 0 V. The BSU pin voltage when output is on defines the under voltage protection recovery voltage. 18 2005-01-31 IM 19 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU TPD4104AK VBS Current Consumption (U-phase high side) HU = 0 V/ 5 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU = 0 V LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VCC = 15 V BSU = 15 V 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK VM L 23. VREG 22. GND 21. Vcc 20. DIAG 19. NC 18. IS2 17. NC 16. VBB2 15. W 14. BSW 13. V 12. BSV 11. VBB1 10. U 9. BSU 8. NC 2.2 μF 7. IS1 6. LW 5. LV 4. LU 3. HW 2. HV 1. HU Turn-On/Off Loss (low-side IGBT + high-side FRD) HU = 0 V HV = 0 V HW = 0 V LU= PG LV = 0 V LW = 0 V VCC = 15 V VBB/U = 280 V IM 5 mH Input (HU) IGBT (C-E voltage) (U-GND) Power supply current Wtoff Wton 20 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Package Dimensions Weight: 6.1 g (typ.) 21 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Package Dimensions Weight: 6.1 g (typ.) 22 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK Package Dimensions Weight: 6.1 g (typ.) 23 2005-01-31 TPD4104AK RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE 20070701-EN • The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. • TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook” etc. • The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.).These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in his document shall be made at the customer’s own risk. • The products described in this document shall not be used or embedded to any downstream products of which manufacture, use and/or sale are prohibited under any applicable laws and regulations. • The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA for any infringements of patents or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patents or other rights of TOSHIBA or the third parties. • Please contact your sales representative for product-by-product details in this document regarding RoHS compatibility. Please use these products in this document in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances. Toshiba assumes no liability for damage or losses occurring as a result of noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations. 24 2005-01-31