Ordering number: EN5244
Monolithic Digital IC
LB1696
3-phase Brushless Motor Driver
Overview
Package Dimensions
The LB1696 is a 3-phase brushless motor driver IC that is
ideal for driving DC fan motors in air conditioners, hot-water
supply systems, and the like. The LB1696 has a regulator built
in, and can be used with a single power supply (motor power
supply only).
unit : mm
3037A-DIP20H
[LB1696]
Features
. 3-phase brushless motor driver.
. Withstand voltage: 60 V; output current: 2.5 A.
. Current limiter built in.
. Low-voltage protector built in.
. Thermal shutdown protector built in.
. Hall amplifier with hysteresis built in.
. FG output function.
. Regulator built in.
SANYO : DIP20H
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25 °C
Parameter
Maximum supply voltage
Output current
Allowable power dissipation
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
VCC max
Unit
10
V
VM max
60
V
IO
2.5
A
3
W
20
W
Pd max1
Independent IC
Pd max2
With arbitrarily large heat sink
Operating temperature
Topr
–20 to +100
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
–55 to +150
°C
Ratings
Unit
Allowable Operating Ranges at Ta = 25 °C
Parameter
Supply voltage range
Regulator input voltage
VREG pin output current
Power supply voltage rise rate
Symbol
Conditions
VCC
4.5 to 6.0
V
VM
5 to 56
V
VM(REG)
7 to 56
V
IREGO
∆VCC/ ∆t
∆VM/ ∆t
400(max)
VCC = VLVSD(OFF) point*1
VM = 0 V point*1
µA
to 0.04
V/µs
to 0.16
V/µs
*1 If the supply voltage rise rate is fast when power is applied, through current may flow to output.
SANYO Electric Co.,Ltd. Semiconductor Bussiness Headquarters
TOKYO OFFICE Tokyo Bldg., 1-10, 1 Chome, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO, 110 JAPAN
D3095HA(II) No.5244-1/9
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max — W
LB1696
With arbitrarily large heat sink
Independent IC
Ambient temperature, Ta — °C
Electric Characteristics at Ta = 25 °C, VCC = 5 V, VM = 45 V
Parameter
Supply current
Output saturation voltage
Output leakage current
Hall amplifier
Input bias current
Common-mode input voltage
range
Hysteresis width
Input voltage L → H
Input voltage H → L
FG pin (rate pulse output)
Output low level voltage
Dull-up resistance
Forward F/R operation
Reverse F/R operation
Current limit operator limiter
Thermal shutdown operation
temperature
Hysteresis width
Reduced voltage protection
operation voltage
Reduced voltage protection
release voltage
Hysteresis width
C pin charge current 1
C pin charge current 2
C pin discharge current
C pin charge start voltage
C pin discharge start voltage
Output current neglect time
Symbol
ICC
VOsat1
VOsat2
IO(leak)
min
IHB
typ
16
2.1
3.0
max
23
3.0
4.2
100
Unit
mA
V
V
µA
1
4
µA
3.2
V
36
23
–8
mV
mV
mV
0.4
12.5
0.8
V
kΩ
V
V
V
VICM
1.5
∆VIN
VSLH
VSHL
27
8
–23
32
16
–16
7.5
4.2
0.42
10
0
5.0
0.5
150
165
°C
25
°C
VFGL
RFG
VFR1
VFR2
VRF
IFG = 5 mA
TSD
Design target
∆TSD
Design target
VLVSD
3.5
∆VLVSD
ICL1
ICL2
ICH
VCL
VCH
tsm
tso1
Output off time 2
tso2
VCC(REG)
R1 = 68 kΩ, R2 = open
R1 = 68 kΩ, R2 = 10 kΩ
R1 = 68 kΩ
R1 = 68 kΩ
R1 = 68 kΩ
R1 = 68 kΩ, C = 6800 pF
R1 = 68 kΩ, R2 = open,
C = 6800 pF
R1 = 68 kΩ, R2 = 10 kΩ,
C = 6800 pF
0.6
3.8
4.1
V
4.3
4.5
V
0.4
15
111
168
0.3
1.5
42
0.5
21
158
225
0.4
2.0
51
0.6
27
205
282
0.5
2.5
60
V
µA
µA
µA
V
V
µs
462
545
628
µs
51
74
97
µs
4.5
5.2
5.9
V
VLVSD(OFF)
Output off time 1
Regulator output voltage
Conditions
Forward
IO = 1 A, VO (sink) + VO (source)
IO = 2 A, VO (sink) + VO (source)
No.5244-2/9
LB1696
Truth Table
Input
IN1
IN2
F/R control
IN3
1
H
L
H
2
H
L
L
3
H
H
L
4
L
H
L
5
L
H
H
6
L
L
H
F/R
Source → Sink
L
OUT2 → OUT1
H
OUT1 → OUT2
L
OUT3 → OUT1
H
OUT1 → OUT3
L
OUT3 → OUT2
H
OUT2 → OUT3
L
OUT1 → OUT2
H
OUT2 → OUT1
L
OUT1 → OUT3
H
OUT3 → OUT1
L
OUT2 → OUT3
H
OUT3 → OUT2
FG output
FG1
FG2
L
L
L
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
H
H
FG output
F/R
Forward
Reverse
Output
L
H
0.0 to 0.8 V
4.2 to 5.0 V
FG1
FG2
Pin Assignment
No.5244-3/9
LB1696
Block Diagram and Peripheral Circuit Diagram
No.5244-4/9
LB1696
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Voltage
Equivalent Circuit
Pin Function
1
VCC
Supplies power to all circuits except output
block.
2
R1
Sets the C pin charge/discharge current. In
current limiter operation when the motor is
locked, the charge current set by this pin
becomes charge current ICL1 for the C pin.
3
C
Sets the output off time and output current
neglect time during current limiter operation.
4
R2
Sets the C pin charging current.
In current limiter operation when the motor is
rotating, the sum of the current set by this pin
and the current ICL1 set by the R1 pin
becomes charge current ICL2 for
the C pin.
5
6
7
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
Output pin 1
Output pin 2
Output pin 3
8
RF
Output current detection pin. By inserting
resistor Rf between this pin and GND, the
output current is detected as voltage. The
output current is limited to a current value set
by VRF/Rf (current limit operation).
10
VM
Power supply pin providing output
9
VREG
Regulator pin.
When using a single power supply (VM), VCC
(5.2 V) is supplied by adding an external
transistor.
The recommended transistor is the
2SD1724T. If a regulator is not used, this pin
should either be open or grounded.
11
GND
GND for other than output.
The minimum potential of output transistor is
the RF pin voltage.
12
F/R
0.0 V min
VCC max
Forward/reverse control pin.
17, 18,
IN1+, IN1–
IN2+, IN2–
Hall device input pin
Logic ‘‘H’’ represents IN+ > IN–.
15, 16,
1.5 V min
VCC – 1.8 V
max
13, 14
IN3+, IN3–
19
FG2
20
FG1
Rate pulse output pin 2.
Pull-up resistor built in.
Rate pulse output pin 1.
Pull-up resistor built in.
No.5244-5/9
LB1696
1.
Hall input circuit
The Hall input circuit is a differential amplifier with hysteresis (32 mV typ). The operating DC level must be within the common
mode input voltage range (1.5 V to VCC – 1.8 V). An input level that is at least three times greater than the hysteresis (from 120
to 160 mVp-p) is recommended to be independent of noise, etc. If the handling capability needs to be considered in noise
evaluation, etc., connect a capacitor (about 0.01 µF) between the Hall inputs IN+ and IN–.
2.
Protectors
2-1. Reduced voltage protector
If VCC drops below the prescribed voltage (VLVSD), the output transistor on the sink side turns off. This protector prevents
malfunction which may occur when VCC is reduced.
2-2. Thermal shutdown protector
If the junction temperature exceeds the prescribed temperature (TSD), the output transistor on the sink side turns off. This
protector prevents the IC from being damaged by heat. Thermal design must be such that no operation is performed in other
modes than abnormality.
3.
FG output circuit
IN1, IN2, and IN3 Hall input signals are composited and wave shaped to be output. FG1 has the same frequency as for Hall input,
while FG2 3-fold as many.
4.
Forward/reverse controller
No forward/reverse (F/R) switching is assumed to be performed during motor running period. If F/R switching is performed
during motor running period, through current flows to output and ASO needs to be considered. It is recommended that F/R
switching be performed when the VM power supply is off (in motor stop mode).
5.
VCC and VM power supplies
If the supply voltage (VCC, VM) rise rate is fast when power is applied, through current flows to output and ASO needs to be
considered. The supply voltage rise rate must be such that ∆VCC/∆t = 0.04 V/µs or less and ∆VM/∆t = 0.16 V/µs or less. The
desirable order of applying power is VCC on first and then VM on. The desirable of turning off power supply is VM off first and
then VCC off after motor stop. If, after VM is turned off, VCC is turned off during motor’s inertial running, some types of motors
have a possibility that VM voltage rises, exceeding the withstand voltage. Because the LB1696 has a regulator built in, it can be
used with a single power supply (VM power supply only). In this case, VCC (5.2 V typ.) can be supplied by connecting an external
transistor (NPN) and resistor to the VREG pin. If the regulator is not used, the VREG pin must be left open or connected to GND.
6.
Power supply stabilization capacitor
Great fluctuations in the VCC line may cause the reduced-voltage protector, etc. to malfunction. A capacitor (of several µF) needs
to be connected to the VCC line (between VCC and GND) for stabilization. Since a large switching current flows in the line, wiring
inductance componenet etc. fluctuates. Because there are also fluctuations in the GND line, a capacitor needs to be connected to
the VM line (between VM and GND) for stabilization, thus preventing malfunction and keeping withstand voltage from being
exceeded. Especially when the routing of wiring (VM, VCC, or GND) is long, be sure to connect capacitors with adequate capacity
for power line stabilization.
No.5244-6/9
LB1696
7.
Current limiter
The current limiter turns off the sink side output transistor when the output current-set current value (limiter value) is reached. The
output current is limited by the limit value. The RF pin is used to detect the output current. The output current is detected as
voltage by connecting resistor Rf between RF pin and GND. When the RF pin voltage reaches 0.5 V (typ), the current limiter
operates so that the output current is limited to the 0.5/Rf-set limiter value.
7-1. Output off time
The current limiter is so designed that current limit function turns on to turn off the sink side output transistor and then turn
on the transistor again after off period of a fixed time (output off time) has elapsed. Since the LB1696 uses this output
switching method for the current limiter, the ASO problems when current limitation goes into operated mode as compared
with the output unsaturated current limited one. In addition, by separating current limiter operation into two modes, one when
the motor is locked and one when the motor is rotating (during start-up), it was possible to implement a current limiter circuit
with excellent motor start-up characteristics. The explanation of current limiter operation below is divided into two parts: one
for the mode used when the motor is locked and one for the mode used when the motor is rotating. The output off time
depends on the charge time of capacitor C connected to the C pin. When the current limiter turns on, C begins charging and
the output is kept off until C is charged up to 2 V (typ). When C has been charged up to 2 V, the sink side output turns on
again. The C charging current is a constant-regulated current, which depends on resistor R1 connected to the R1 pin and
resistor R2 connected to the R2 pin. In the LB1696, the charge current can be switched for when the motor is locked and for
when the motor is rotating in order to support motors for a large number of applications. As a result, it is possible to set the
output off time so that it is different for when the motor is locked and for when the motor is rotating. By setting the output
off time so that it is shorter when the motor is rotating (at start-up) as opposed to when the motor is locked, it is possible to
reduce the decrease in torque at start-up caused by the output off time. The charge currents and output off times for when the
motor is locked and for when the motor is rotating are as follows:
(1) Charge current ICL1 and output off time toff1 when the motor is locked
ICL1 6 1.4/R1
toff1 6 C/ICL1 × 2.0
6 1.42 × R1 × C
(R1 must be set between 14 kΩ and 100 kΩ.)
(2) Charge current ICL2 and output off time toff2 when the motor is rotating
ICL2 6 ICL1 + (1.4/R2)
toff2 6 C/ICL2 × 2.0
6 1.42 × R × C {R = R1 × R2/(R1 + R2)}
(R2 must be set between 7 kΩ and 100 kΩ.)
No.5244-7/9
LB1696
7-2. Output current neglect time
While the current limiter turns on and the sink side output is off, the regeneration current flows through the external diode
used for absorbing the regeneration current above the output that was turned off. After the output off time elapses and the
sink side output is turned on again, reverse current flows momentarily through the external diode (for the diode’s reverse
recovery time), causing a current that reaches the limiter value to flow momentarily through the output. Because this current
will cause current limiter to turn on again, turning off the output, the average current decreases, causing the torque to be
decreased at motor start-up, etc. Therefore, in order to prevent this current from being detected, the current limiter is designed
so that the output current is not detected for a fixed period of time after the sink side output is turned on again. This length
of time is the output current neglect time. The output current neglect time is determined by the discharge time of the
capacitor C connected to the C pin. When current limiter turns on and C charges to 2 V, C begins discharging, and the output
current neglect time is the time it takes for C to discharge to the point where the voltage at C is 0.4 V (typ). The C discharge
current is a constant current, and is set at about 11 times the ICL1 of charge current when the motor is locked. As a result, the
output current neglect time is about 1/11 of the output off time when the motor is locked. Because the C discharge current is
the same whether the motor is locked or is rotating, the output current neglect time is also the same whether the motor is
locked or is rotating. The C discharge current ICH and the output current neglect time tsm are determined according to the
following equations:
ICH 6 1.4/R1 × 11
tsm 6 C/ICH × 1.6
6 0.10 × R1 × C
Because there is a slope to the time at which the sink side output is turned on again, the reverse current is not very large,
even if a rectifier diode (a diode in which the reverse recovery time is not short) is used as the external diode for absorbing
the regeneration current in the current limiter.
7-3. Output off time setting
It is necessary to set the output off time to a suitable level for the type of motor being used. (The output off time is set by
the external resistors connected to the R1 and R2 pins, and by the external capacitor connected to the C pin.) In the LB1696,
the output off time when the motor is rotating can be set so that it is shorter than when the motor is locked. Set the optimal
output off time for when the motor is locked, and then set the output off time for when the motor is rotating. Fig. 1 shows
the current limiter operation waveform.
(1) When the output off time is set short
The output current neglect time is set by a circuit within the IC to about 1/11 of the output off time when the motor is
locked. Therefore, if the output off time is set to a very short length of time, the output current neglect time may not be
adequate. If the output current neglect time is inadequate, the current limiter will turn on in response to reverse current
from the external diode used to absorb the regeneration current. (Refer to Section 7-2.) Furthermore, if the output off time
is short, the diode reverse current becomes large and ASO must be considered.
(2) When the output off time is set long
If the output off time when the motor is rotating (at motor start-up) is set to a very long length of time, the average
current decreases, causing the torque at motor start-up to drop. Depending on the type of motor, it may be impossible to
shift from the current limiter operation state to the normal rotation state. In current limiter operation when the motor is
locked, it is necessary to set the output time to a comparatively long length of time. Therefore, first set the output off
time toff1 for when the motor is locked, and then set the output off time toff2 for when the motor is rotating so that toff2 is
shorter than toff1.
No.5244-8/9
LB1696
C pin voltage
RF pin voltage
Fig. 1
Current Limiter Operation Waveform (When Motor Is Locked)
8.
Calculation of the IC’s internal power dissipation
Pd = (VCC × ICC) + (VM × IM) – (power dissipated by the motor coil)
9.
Measuring the increase in the IC’s temperature
Because the temperature of the IC chip cannot be measured directly, the temperature is normally measured using one of the
following methods.
9-1. Measurement using a thermocouple
In order to measure the temperature by using a thermocouple, mount the thermocouple on the fin. Although this method of
measurement is simple, the measurement error is great, if the rate of heat generation has not stabilized.
9-2. Measurement using the characteristics of a diode within the IC
It is recommended that the parasitic diode between FG1 and GND be used to measure the temperature of the IC. Set FG1
high (the ‘‘off’’ state), measure the parasitic diode voltage VF, and calculate the temperature based on the temperature
characteristics of the voltage VF.
(Sanyo’s data: IF = –1 mA, VF temperature characteristics: approximately –2 mV/ °C)
No products described or contained herein are intended for use in surgical implants, life-support systems, aerospace equipment,
nuclear power control systems, vehicles, disaster/crime-prevention equipment and the like, the failure of which may directly or
indirectly cause injury, death or property loss.
Anyone purchasing any products described or contained herein for an above-mentioned use shall:
1 Accept full responsibility and indemnify and defend SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD., its affiliates, subsidiaries and distributors
and all their officers and employees, jointly and severally, against any and all claims and litigation and all damages, cost and
expenses associated with such use:
2 Not impose any responsibility for any fault or negligence which may be cited in any such claim or litigation on SANYO
ELECTRIC CO., LTD., its affiliates, subsidiaries and distributors or any of their officers and employees jointly or severally.
Information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only; it is not guaranteed for volume
production. SANYO believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use
or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties.
This catalog provides information as of December, 1995. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
No.5244-9/9