L9669 FAULT TOLERANT CAN TRANSCEIVER ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ FAULT TOLERANT DIFFERENTIAL CAN TRANSCEIVER OPERATING SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6V TO 28V, TRANSIENTS UP TO 40V LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT IN STANDBY MODE (100µA) AND SLEEP MODE (37µA) ON CHIP DIAGNOSIS FOR ERRORS ON THE PHYSICAL BUSLINES WITH MICRO CONTROLLER INTERFACE OPTIMIZED EMI BEHAVIOUR DUE TO LIMITED AND SYMMETRIC SLOPES OF CAN SIGNALS AUTOMATIC SWITCHING TO SINGLE WIRE MODE UPON BUS FAILURES TWO-EDGE SENSITIVE WAKE-UP PIN SUPPORTS TRANSMISSION WITH GROUND SHIFT VOLTAGES: SINGLE WIRE: 1.5V DIFFERENTIAL WIRE: 3v AN UNPOWERED NODE OR UNSUFFICIENT SO14 ORDERING NUMBER: L9669 SUPPLIES DO NOT DISTURB THE BUS LINES DESCRIPTION The L9669 is an integrated circuit which contains a CAN physical line interface. It integrates all main local functions for automotive body electronic applications connected to a CAN bus. Figure 1. Block Diagram KL30 (+12V) Voltage +5V Regulator VS 14 5Vint VCC 10 INH 1 75k WAKE 7 Wake-up Control CANH Driver VCC 11 CANH 12.5k TXD 2 CANH Driver Filter Receiver NSTB EN 6 Low Power Control Error Management & Diagnosis R RTH 3 CANH Termination 5 CANL Termination R RTL RXD 8 RTH 9 RTL 4 100k CAN BUSLINE 12 CANL TXD Control NERR 100k 13 GND 99AT0001 July 2003 1/13 L9669 Figure 2. Pin Connection top view. INH 1 14 VS TXD 2 13 GND RXD 3 12 CANL NERR 4 11 CANH NSTB 5 10 VCC EN 6 9 RTL WAKE 7 8 RTH 99AT0002 Table 1. Pin Functions N° Pin Function 1 INH Inhibit Output - for switching external 5V Regulator 2 TXD Transmit Data Input - active LOW dominant Bit transmission 3 RXD Receive Data Output - active LOW dominant Bit reception 4 NERR Error/Diagnostic Output - active LOW error/Wake-up and Diagnostic output 5 NSTB Not Standby Input - Digital control signal for low power modes 6 EN 7 WAKE 8 RTH Termination Resistor for CANH - controlled by internal error management 9 RTL Termination Resistor for CANL - controlled by internal error management 10 VCC Supply Voltage Input - +5V 11 CANH High Voltage Bus Line - High: dominant state 12 CANL Low Voltage Bus Line - Low: dominant state 13 GND Ground 14 VS Enable Input/Diagnostic Clock Digital control signal for low power modes/Diagnostic clock Wake-Up Input - If level of VWAKE changes the device initiates a wake-up from sleep mode by switching INH to VS Battery Voltage Input - +12V Table 2. Thermal Data Symbol Rthj-amb 2/13 Parameter Thermal resistance junction to ambient Value Unit 120 °C/W L9669 Table 3. Absolute Maximum Ratings For externally applied voltages or currents exceeding these limits damage of the circuit may occur! Symbol Parameter Value Unit DC operating battery voltage -0.3 to +28 V VS-P Pulse operating battery voltage (t<400ms) -0.3 to +40 V VCC Supply voltage -0.3 to +6 V DC voltage CANH, CANL -28 to +40 V -0.3 to VCC+0.3 V -0.3 to VS+0.3 V Storage temperature -55 to +150 oC Operating junction temperature -40 to +150 oC VS-DC VCANH,L-DC VX Voltage TXD, RXD, NERR, NSTB, EN VWAKE TSTG Tj Voltage WAKE Notes: 1. All pins of the IC are protected against ESD. The verification is performed according to MIL 883C, human body model with R = 1.5kΩ, C = 100pF and discharge voltage ±2kV, corresponding to a maximum discharge energy of 0.2mJ. 2. Voltage forced means voltage limited to specified values while current is not limited. Current forced means voltage unlimited but current limited to specified value. Table 4. Electrical Characteristcs VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, VS = 6V to 28V, Tj = -40°C to 150°C unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol 1 Supplies 1.1 ISSL Supply current in sleep mode (ISSL = IVS) 1.2 ISSB 1.3 ISND 2 Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit VCC = 0V, VS = 14V 37 65 µA Supply current in standby mode (ISSB = IVS + IVCC) IINH = 0 110 160 µA Supply current in normal mode (ISND = IVS + IVCC) VS = 14V, VTXD = 0 (dominant state) no load at CAN 27 mA CAN Line Interface 2.1 Vr-d Differential receiver recessive to dominant threshold VCANH - VCANL No bus errors. VCC = 5V -3.50 -2.20 V 2.2 Vd-r Differential receiver dominant to recessive threshold VCANH - VCANL No bus errors. VCC = 5V -3.85 -2.5 V 2.3 VCANHr CANH recessive output voltage VTXD = VCC RRTH < 4kΩ 0.35 V 2.4 VCANHd CANH dominant output voltage VTXD = 0V ICANH = -40mA VCC 1.4 V 2.5 VCANLr CANL recessive output voltage VTXD = VCC RRTH < 4kΩ VCC 0.2 V 3/13 L9669 Table 4. Electrical Characteristcs (continued) VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, VS = 6V to 28V, Tj = -40°C to 150°C unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol 2.6 VCANLd 2.7 Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 1.4 V CANL dominant output voltage VTXD = 0V ICANL = 40mA ICANH CANH output current VCANH = 0V VTXD = 0V -160 -110 -70 mA 2.8 ICANL CANL output current VCANL = 5V VTXD = 0V 70 110 160 mA 2.9 ICANHl CANH leakage current VCANH = 14V Sleep mode. 0 µA 2.10 ICANLl CANL leakage current VCANL = 0V Sleep mode. 0 µA 2.11 VCANHWK CANH wake-up voltage Sleep/standby mode. 1.2 1.9 2.7 V 2.12 VCANLWK CANL wake-up voltage Sleep/standby mode. 2.4 3.1 3.8 V 2.13 VCANHs CANH single ended receiver threshold Normal mode. VCC = 5V 1.5 1.8 2.15 V 2.14 VCANLs CANL single ended receiver threshold Normal mode. VCC = 5V 2.7 3.1 3.4 V 2.15 VCANHOV CANH overvoltage detection threshold Normal mode. VCC = 5V 7.2 V 2.16 VCANLOV CANL overvoltage detection threshold Normal mode. VCC = 5V 7.2 V 2.17 tdrd Propagation delay TXD to RXD recessive to dominant 10% to 90% C1 = C2 = 3.3nF R1 = 100Ω 2.18 tddr Propagation delay TXD to RXD recessive to dominant 10% to 90% C1 = C2 = 3.3nF R1 = 100Ω 2.19 tr,f CANH, CANL output rise/fall time dominant to recessive 10% to 90% C1 = C2 = 3.3nF R1 = 100Ω 2.20 tr,f CANH, CANL output rise/fall time dominant to recessive 10% to 90% C1 = C2 = 3.3nF R1 = 100Ω 2.21 twuCAN Minimum dominant time for wake-up on CANH or CANL Sleep/standby mode. 2.22 twuWK Minimum pulse time for wake-up on WAKE Sleep/standby mode 4/13 1.6 µs 2.2 µs 0.6 1.5 µs 2.6 6 µs 8 44 µs 4 44 µs 1 L9669 Table 4. Electrical Characteristcs (continued) VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, VS = 6V to 28V, Tj = -40°C to 150°C unless otherwise specified. Item 3 Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Termination RTH, RTL 3.1 RRTH Internal RTHto GND switch-on resistance Normal mode. No errors. VRTH = 1V 45 Ω 3.2 IRTH Internal RTHto GND pull down current Normal mode. Error 3. VRTH = 1V 75 µA 3.3 RRTL Internal RTLto VCC switch-on resistance Normal mode. No errors. VRTL = VCC - 1V 45 Ω 3.4 IRTL Internal RTLto VCC pull up current Normal mode. Error 4, 6 or 7. VRTL = VCC - 1.5V -75 µA 3.5 RRTL-VS Internal RTLto VS termination resistance Sleep/standby mode. VRTL = 1V, 5V 3.6 VRTH RTH output voltage Sleep/standby mode IRTH = 1mA 3.7 RRTH, External termination resistance 8 13 26 kΩ 1 V 0.5 16 kΩ RTL 4 Input TXD 4.1 VTXDh TXD high level input voltage VCC0.9 VCC V 4.2 VTXDl TXD low level input voltage 0 0.9 V 4.3 ITXDh TXD high level input current VTXD = 4 V -200 -25 µA 4.4 ITXDl TXD low level input current VTXD = 1 V -800 -100 µA 5 Outputs RXD, NERR 5.1 VXh High level output voltage VCC 0.9 VCC V 5.2 VXl Low level output voltage 0 0.9 V 1 V 5 µA 6 Output INH 6.1 VdropI 6.2 IIl High level voltage drop (VdropI = VS - VINH) IINH = -0.18mA Not sleep mode. Leakage current VINH = 0V Sleep mode. -5 5/13 L9669 Table 4. Electrical Characteristcs (continued) VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, VS = 6V to 28V, Tj = -40°C to 150°C unless otherwise specified. Item 7 Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Inputs NSTB, EN 7.1 VXh High level input voltage VCC 0.9 VCC V 7.2 VXl Low level input voltage 0 0.9 V 7.3 IXh High level input current VX = 4 V 10 150 µA 7.4 IXl Low level input current VX = 1 V 2 40 µA 8 Input WAKE 8.1 VWAKEh WAKE high level input voltage 3 VS V 8.2 VWAKEl WAKE low level input voltage 0 0.9 V 9 9.1 10 10.1 10.2 Thermal shutdown Tjsd Shutdown junction temperature 170 °C CAN Error detection tfail38d Error 3, 8 detection time tfail46710d Error 4, 6, 7, 10 detection time Normal/RXonly mode. 1.6 3.6 ms Normal/RXonly mode. 0.4 1.6 ms 10.3 tfail38r Error 3, 8 recovery time Normal/RXonly mode. 0.4 1.6 ms 10.4 tfail47r Error 4, 7 recovery time Normal/RXonly mode. 10 50 µs 10.5 tfail6r Error 6 recovery time Normal/RXonly mode. 0.2 0.75 ms 10.6 tfail10r Error 10 recovery time Normal/RXonly mode. 0.7 4 µs 10.7 tfail38ds Error 3, 8 detection time Sleep/standby mode. 1.6 3.6 ms 10.8 tfail4rs Error 4 recovery time Sleep/standby mode. 0.4 1.6 ms 10.9 tfail348rs Error 3, 4, 8 recovery time Sleep/standby mode. 0.4 1.6 ms 10.10 Nedge-d Edge count difference between CANH and CANL for detection Normal/RXonly mode. Error 1, 2, 5 or 9. 3 Edges 10.11 Nedge-r Edge count difference between CANH and CANL for recovery Normal/RXonly mode. Error 1, 2, 5 or 9. 3 Edges 10.12 tDmax Diagnostic timeout 10.13 tHmin minimum hold time go to sleep 6/13 15 80 µs 80 µs L9669 1. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The L9669 is a monolithic integrated circuit which provides all main functions for an automotive body CAN system. The device guarantees a clearly defined behavior in case of failure to avoid permanent CAN bus errors. It is primarily intended for low speed applications in passenger cars. 1.1 Transceiver – Supports double wire unshielded busses – Baud rates up to 125 kBaud – Single wire operation possible (automatic switching to single wire upon bus failures) – Bus not loaded in case of unpowered transceiver The CAN transceiver stage is able to transfer serial data on two independent communication wires either differentially (normal operation) or in case of a single wire fault on the remaining line. The physical bitcoding is done using dominant (transmitter active) and overwritable recessive states. Too long dominant phases are detected internally and further transmission is automatically disabled (malfunction of protocol unit does not affect communication on the bus (“fail safe mechanism”)). 1.2 Modes of Operation Five different functional modes exist to enable or establish the usage of low power or receive only operation. NSTB EN Mode INH 0 0 standby VS 0 0 sleep 0 1 “go to sleep” 1 1 normal floating RXonly VS 1 0 Power on NERR RXD active LOW wake-up interrupt signal (if VCC is present) RTL switched to VS (typ. 13kΩ) active LOW error flag HIGH=recessive LOW=dominant received data switched to VCC active LOW VS power-on flag if VCC is present active LOW wake-up interrupt signal if VCC is present switched to VS Note: Wake-up interrupts are released when entering RXonly or normal mode. The following state diagram shows these modes and the possible state interactions depending on the input signals NSTB and EN. 7/13 L9669 Figure 3. Standby Mode NSTB = 1 EN = 0 NSTB EN INH 0 0 VS NSTB = 0 EN = 0 NSTB = 0 EN = 0 NSTB = 1 EN = 0 NSTB = 0 EN = 1 Power on Mode RX only Mode NSTB EN INH 1 0 VS NSTB = 0 EN = 1 "Go to Sleep" Mode NSTB EN INH 0 1 Float. NSTB = 0 EN = 1 NSTB = 1 EN = 1 Normal Mode NSTB EN INH 1 1 VS NSTB = 0 EN = 0 Wake-up Sleep Mode 99AT0003 8/13 NSTB EN INH 0 0 Float. L9669 1.3 Error Management Ten different errors on the physical buslines can be distinguished: N Type of Errors Severity RX TX Errors caused by damage of the datalines or isolation 1 CANH wire interrupted (floating or tied to termination) 0 0 2 CANL wire interrupted (floating or tied to termination) 0 0 3 CANH short circuit to VS (overvoltage condition) 1 1 4 CANL short circuit to GND (permanently dominant) 2 0 5 CANH short circuit to GND (permanently recessive) 0 2 6 CANL short circuit to VS (overvoltage condition) 1 1 7 CANL shorted to CANH 2 2 Errors caused by misbehaviour of transceiver stage 8 CANH short circuit to VCC (permanently dominant) 2 0 9 CANL short circuit to VCC (permanently recessive) 0 2 2 2 Errors caused by defective protocol unit 10 CANH, CANL driven dominant for more than 1.3 ms Not all of these errors leads to a breakdown of the whole communication. So the errors can be categorized into “negligible” (severity 0), “problematic” (severity 1) and “severe” (severity 2). Negligible Errors Transmitter Error 1, 2, 4 or 8: In all cases data still can be transmitted in differential mode. Receiver Error 1, 2, 5 or 9: In all cases data still can be received in differential mode. Problematic Errors Transmitter Error 3 or 6: Data are transmitted using the remaining dataline (single wire). Receiver Error 3 or 6: Data are received using the remaining dataline (single wire). Severe Errors Transmitter Error 5 or 9: Error 7: Error 10: Receiver Error 7: Error 4 or 8: Error 10: Data are transmitted using the remaining dataline after short circuit detection. Data are transmitted on CANH or CANL after overcurrent was detected. Transmission is terminated (fail safe). Data are received on CANH or CANL after detection of permanent dominant state. Data are received on CANH or CANL after short circuit was detected. Data are received normally, error is detected by protocol unit. Upon any error in normal or RXonly mode the NERR output will be forced LOW and released after error recovery. 9/13 L9669 1.4 Diagnosis A serial interface is available to retrieve diagnostic informations. Diagnostic data can be requested by using EN as serial clock and evaluating NERR. Figure 4. NSTB EN t Dmax Bus Error detected E1 E2 or E5 or E9 NERR Mode (Example) Normal E3 E4 No Bus Errors RXonly Diagnosis Delay between falling slope at EN and reaction at NERR: 0.7 (NERR is synchronized with internal clock). Standby µs...3.0 µs 99AT0004 Readout is initialized by a negative edge on EN and acknowledged by NERR entering HIGH state. Following the next negative edge the first error status bit is displayed on NERR according to the data table below. If no edge on EN is detected for a time longer than tDmax diagnosis is disabled and operation continuous in the mode given by NSTB and EN with NERR showing bus errors or wake-up correspondingly. If the clock continues, the readout sequence starts over again with the initial bit set HIGH. The following errors are displayable (sequence listed in chronological order): – error status bit 1 (LSB): HIGH if Error 1 or 5 – error status bit 2: HIGH if Error 2 or 9 – error status bit 3: HIGH if Error 3 – error status bit 4: HIGH if Error 4 – error status bit 5: HIGH if Error 6 – error status bit 6: HIGH if Error 8 – error status bit 7: HIGH if Error 10 – error status bit 8: HIGH if Thermal shutdown of Transceiver 1.5 Protections A current limiting circuit protects the transmitter outputs against short-circuit to battery, ground and shorted wires. If the junction temperature exceeds a maximum value, the transmitter output stages are disabled. 10/13 L9669 2. APPLICATION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Figure 5. KL30 (+12V) CAN BUS LINE WAKE 7 RTH VS 14 8 R RTH INH 1 CANH CANL 11 CAN Transceiver 10 Voltage Regulator 12 R RTL TXD 2 RTL +5V VCC 9 RXD 3 NERR 4 5 EN 6 13 CAN Controller NSTB GND 99AT0005 3. TEST CIRCUIT FOR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Figure 6. +5V +14V INH NSTB EN WAKE TXD NERR VS VCC 14 1 10 5 9 6 12 RTL R1 C1 CANL C2 7 2 11 4 8 3 CANH RTH R1 C1 13 RXD GND 20pF 99AT0006 11/13 L9669 mm DIM. MIN.. TYP. A a1 inch MAX.. MIN.. TYP.. 1.75 0.1 0.25 a2 MAX.. 0.069 0.004 0.009 1.6 0.063 b 0.35 0.46 0.014 0.018 b1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 C 0.5 c1 0.020 45˚ (typ.) D (1) 8.55 8.75 0.336 0.344 E 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 e3 7.62 0.300 F (1) 3.8 4 0.150 0.157 G 4.6 5.3 0.181 0.209 L 0.4 1.27 0.016 0.050 M S 0.68 0.027 8˚ (max.) (1) D and F do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or potrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (.006inch). 12/13 OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA SO14 L9669 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. 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