THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 WIDEBAND, LOW NOISE, LOW DISTORTION FULLY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION Fully Differential Architecture Common-Mode Input Range Includes the Negative Rail Unity Gain Stable Bandwidth: 1.6 GHz (Gain = 0 dB) Slew Rate: 4900 V/µs 0.1% Settling Time: 3.3 ns HD2: –72 dBc at 70 MHz HD3: –87 dBc at 70 MHz OIP2: 76 dBm at 70 MHz OIP3: 42 dBm at 70 MHz Input Voltage Noise: 2 nV/√Hz (f > 10 MHz) Noise Figure: 21.8 dB (50 Ω System, G = 6 dB) Output Common-Mode Control 5-V Power Supply Current: 39.2 mA Power-Down Capability: 0.65 mA APPLICATIONS • • • • • 5-V Data-Acquisition Systems High Linearity ADC Amplifier Wireless Communication Medical Imaging Test and Measurement RELATED PRODUCTS Device Min. Gain Common Mode Range of Input* THS4508 6 dB –0.3V to 2.3V THS4509 6 dB 0.75V to 4.25V THS4511 0 dB –0.3V to 2.3V THS4513 0 dB 0.75V to 4.25V The THS4511 is a wideband, fully-differential operational amplifier designed for single-supply 5-V data-acquisition systems. It has very low noise at 2 nV/√Hz, and extremely low harmonic distortion of –72 dBc HD2 and –87 dBc HD3 at 70 MHz with 2 Vpp, G = 0 dB, and 200-Ω load. Slew rate is very high at 4900 Vµs and with settling time of 3.3 ns to 0.1% (2 V step) it is ideal for pulsed applications. It is designed for minimum gain of 0 dB. To allow for dc coupling to ADCs, its unique output common-mode control circuit maintains the output common-mode voltage within 5-mV offset (typical) from the set voltage, when set within ±0.5 V of mid-supply. The common-mode set point is set to mid-supply by internal circuitry, which may be over-driven from an external source. The THS4511 is a high-performance amplifier that has been optimized for use in 5-V single supply data acquisition systems. The output has been optimized for best performance with its common-mode voltages set to mid supply, and the input has been optimized for performance over a wide range of common-mode input voltages. High performance at a low power-supply voltage enables single-supply 5-V data-acquisition systems while minimizing component count. The THS4511 is offered in a Quad 16-pin leadless QFN package (RGT), and is characterized for operation over the full industrial temperature range from –40°C to 85°C. Video Buffer, Single-Ended to Differential Video Source RS = 75 W VSignal VIN 348 W 175 W 130 W VS+ = 5 V *Note: Assumes a 5V single-ended power supply RO THS4511 175 W RO VOD + 75 W 130 W VS- VCM = 2.5 V 348 W Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) UNIT VSS Supply voltage VS– to VS+ VI Input voltage VID Differential input voltage IO Output current 5.5 V ±VS 4V 200 mA Continuous power dissipation See Dissipation Rating Table temperature (2) TJ Maximum junction TJ Maximum junction temperature, continuous operation, long term reliability (3) 150°C TA Operating free-air temperature range –40°C to 85°C Tstg Storage temperature range –65°C to 150°C Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds ESD ratings (1) (2) (3) 125°C 300°C HBM 2000 V CDM 1500 V MM 100 V Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not implied. The absolute maximum temperature under any condition is limited by the constraints of the silicon process. The maximum junction temperature for continuous operation is limited by the package constraints. Operation above this temperature may result in reduced reliability and/or lifetime of the device. The THS4511 incorporates a (QFN) exposed thermal pad on the underside of the chip. This acts as a heatsink and must be connected to a thermally dissipative plane for proper power dissipation. Failure to do so may result in exceeding the maximum junction temperature which could permanently damage the device. See TI technical brief SLMA002 and SLMA004 for more information about utilizing the QFN thermally enhanced package. DISSIPATION RATINGS TABLE PER PACKAGE (1) 2 PACKAGE (1) θJC θJA RGT (16) 2.4°C/W 39.5°C/W POWER RATING TA ≤ 25°C TA = 85°C 2.3 W 225 mW For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI Web site at www.ti.com. THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 DEVICE INFORMATION THS4511 (RGT PACKAGE) (TOP VIEW) VS- 16 15 14 13 NC 1 12 PD VIN- 2 11 VIN+ VOUT+ 3 10 VOUT- CM 4 9 5 6 7 CM 8 VS+ TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL (RGT PACKAGE) NO. DESCRIPTION NAME 1 NC No internal connection 2 VIN– Inverting amplifier input 3 VOUT+ Noninverted amplifier output 4,9 CM Common-mode voltage input 5,6,7,8 VS+ Positive amplifier power supply input 10 VOUT– Inverted amplifier output 11 VIN+ Noninverting amplifier input 12 PD Powerdown, PD = logic low puts part into low power mode, PD = logic high or open for normal operation 13,14,15,16 VS– Negative amplifier power supply input 3 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS; VS+– VS– = 5 V: Test conditions unless otherwise noted: VS+ = 5 V, VS– = 0 V, G = 0 dB, CM = open, VO = 2 Vpp, RF = 349 Ω, RL = 200 Ω Differential, T = 25°C Single-Ended Input, Differential Output, Input Referenced to Ground, and Output Referenced to Mid-supply PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS TEST LEVEL (1) AC PERFORMANCE (Figure 38) Small-Signal Bandwidth G = 0 dB, VO = 100 mVpp 1.6 G = 6 dB, VO = 100 mVpp 1.4 G = 0 dB, VO = 2 Vpp 160 G = 6 dB, VO = 2 Vpp 620 Gain-Bandwidth Product Bandwidth for 0.1-dB flatness Large-Signal Bandwidth 2 G = 10 dB, VO = 2 Vpp Slew Rate (Differential) Rise Time GHz MHz 1.35 GHz 4900 V/µs 0.5 ns Fall Time 0.5 ns Settling Time to 0.1% 3.3 ns 2nd Order Harmonic Distortion 3rd Order Harmonic Distortion VO = 2-V Step GHz f = 10 MHz –117 f = 50 MHz –80 f = 100 MHz –64 f = 10 MHz –106 f = 50 MHz –92 f = 100 MHz –80 2nd Order Intermodulation Distortion 200 kHz tone spacing, RL = 100 Ω 3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion 2nd Order Output Intercept Point 200 kHz tone spacing, RL = 100 Ω 3rd Order Output Intercept Point fC = 70 MHz –78 fC = 140 MHz –56 fC = 70 MHz –88 fC = 140 MHz –71.4 fC = 70 MHz 76.3 fC = 140 MHz 53.4 fC = 70 MHz 42 fC = 140 MHz dBc C dBc dBm 34 fC = 70 MHz 12.2 fC = 140 MHz 10.8 Noise Figure 50-Ω system, 10 MHz 21.8 dB Input Voltage Noise f > 10 MHz 2 nV/√Hz Input Current Noise f > 10 MHz 1.5 pA/√Hz 1-dB Compression Point (2) dBm DC PERFORMANCE Open-Loop Voltage Gain (AOL) Input Offset Voltage 63 TA = 25°C 1 4 TA = -40°C to 85°C 1 5 Average Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current 2.3 TA = 25°C TA = -40°C to 85°C Average Bias Current Drift Input Offset Current Average Offset Current Drift (1) (2) 4 1.75 8 15.5 8 18.5 20 TA = 25°C 0.5 3.6 TA = -40°C to 85°C 0.5 7 7 dB C mV A µA/°C B µA A nA/°C B µA A nA/°C B Test levels: (A) 100% tested at 25°C. Overtemperature limits by characterization and simulation. (B) Limits set by characterization and simulation. (C) Typical value only for information. The 1-dB compression point is measured at the load with 50-Ω double termination. Add 3 dB to refer to amplifier output. THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS; VS+– VS– = 5 V: (continued) Test conditions unless otherwise noted: VS+ = 5 V, VS– = 0 V, G = 0 dB, CM = open, VO = 2 Vpp, RF = 349 Ω, RL = 200 Ω Differential, T = 25°C Single-Ended Input, Differential Output, Input Referenced to Ground, and Output Referenced to Mid-supply PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS TEST LEVEL (1) V B dB B INPUT Common-Mode Input Range High 2.3 Common-Mode Input Range Low -0.3 Common-Mode Rejection Ratio 90 OUTPUT Maximum Output Voltage High Each output with 100 Ω to mid-supply Minimum Output Voltage Low Differential Output Voltage Swing TA = 25°C 3.7 3.8 TA = -40°C to 85°C 3.6 3.8 TA = 25°C TA = -40°C to 85°C V 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 TA = 25°C 4.8 5.2 TA = -40°C to 85°C 4.4 5.2 A V A Differential Output Current Drive RL = 20 Ω 61 mA C Output Balance Error VO = 100 mV, f = 1 MHz -52 dB C Closed-Loop Output Impedance f = 1 MHz 0.3 Ω C Small-Signal Bandwidth 250 MHz Slew Rate 110 V/µs 1 V/V OUTPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE CONTROL Gain Output Common-Mode Offset from CM input 1.25 V < CM < 3.5 V 5 mV CM Input Bias Current 1.25 V < CM < 3.5 V ±40 µA 1.25 to 3.75 V 32 || 1.5 kΩ || pF 2.5 V CM Input Voltage Range CM Input Impedance CM Default Voltage CM pins floating C POWER SUPPLY 3.75 (3) Specified Operating Voltage Maximum Quiescent Current TA = 25°C TA = -40°C to 85°C Minimum Quiescent Current TA = 25°C TA = -40°C to 85°C 5 5.25 39.2 42.5 39.2 43.5 35.9 39.2 35 39.2 Power Supply Rejection (±PSRR) To differential output POWERDOWN Referenced to Vs– Enable Voltage Threshold Device assured on above 2.1 V + VS– > 2.1 Disable Voltage Threshold Device assured off below 0.7 V + VS– < 0.7 TA = 25°C 0.65 0.9 TA = -40°C to 85°C 0.65 1 Powerdown Quiescent Current Input Bias Current PD = VS– Input Impedance 90 V C mA A dB C V C mA A 100 µA 50 || 2 kΩ || pF Turn-on Time Delay Measured to output on 55 ns Turn-off Time Delay Measured to output off 10 µs (3) C See the Application Information section of this data sheet for device operation with full supply voltages less than 5 V. 5 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TYPICAL AC PERFORMANCE: VS+– VS– = 5 V Test conditions unless otherwise noted: VS+ = 5 V, VS– = 0 V, G = 0 dB, CM = open, VO = 2 Vpp, RF = 349 Ω, RL = 200 Ω Differential, Single-Ended Input, Input Referenced to Ground and Output Referenced to Midrail Small-Signal Frequency Response G = 0 dB, VOD = 100 mVPP Figure 1 G = 6 dB, VOD = 100 mVPP Figure 2 Large Signal Frequency Response G = 0 dB, VOD = 2 VPP Figure 3 G = 6 dB, VOD = 2 VPP Figure 4 HD2, G = 0 dB, VOD = 2 VPP vs Frequency Figure 5 HD3, G = 0 dB, VOD = 2 VPP vs Frequency Figure 6 HD2, G = 6 dB, VOD = 2 VPP vs Frequency Figure 7 HD3, G = 6 dB, VOD = 2 VPP vs Frequency Figure 8 HD2, G = 0 dB vs Output Voltage Figure 9 HD3, G = 0 dB vs Output Voltage Figure 10 HD2, G = 0 dB vs CM Output Voltage Figure 11 HD3, G = 0 dB vs CM Output Voltage Figure 12 IMD2, G = 0 dB vs Frequency Figure 13 IMD3, G = 0 dB vs Frequency Figure 14 OIP2 vs Frequency Figure 15 OIP3 vs Frequency Figure 16 S-Parameters vs Frequency Figure 17 Transition Rate vs Output Voltage Figure 18 Harmonic Distortion Intermodulation Distortion Output Intercept Point Transient Response Figure 19 Settling Time Figure 20 Rejection Ratio vs Frequency Figure 21 Output Impedance vs Frequency Figure 22 Overdrive Recovery Differential Output Voltage Figure 23 Load Resistance Turn-Off Time Figure 24 Figure 25 Turn-On Time Figure 26 Input Offset Voltage vs Input Common-Mode Voltage Figure 27 Open Loop Gain & Phase vs Frequency Figure 28 Input Referred Noise vs Frequency Figure 29 Noise Figure vs Frequency Figure 30 Quiescent Current vs Supply Voltage Figure 31 Output Balance Error vs Frequency Figure 32 CM Input Impedance vs Frequency Figure 33 CM Small-Signal Frequency Response Figure 34 CM Input Bias Current vs CM Input Voltage Figure 35 Differential Output Offset Voltage vs CM Input Voltage Figure 36 Output Common-Mode Offset vs CM Input Voltage Figure 37 6 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE 7 5 VO = 100 mV PP VO = 100 mV PP G = 0 dB 4 6 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 500 Ω 3 RL = 200 Ω G = 6 dB Signal Gain − dB Signal Gain − dB RL = 1 kΩ RL = 500 Ω 5 2 1 0 −1 RL = 100 Ω −2 4 RL = 200 Ω 3 RL = 100 Ω 2 −3 −4 1 −5 −6 0 10 100 1000 f− Frequency −MHz 10000 10 100 1000 Figure 1. Figure 2. LARGE SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE LARGE SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE 8 4 VO = 2 VPP G = 0 dB 3 VO = 2 VPP G = 6 dB 7 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 500 Ω 2 6 1 Signal Gain − dB Signal Gain − dB 10000 f− Frequency −MHz 0 RL = 200 Ω RL = 100 Ω −1 −2 −3 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 500 Ω 5 4 3 RL = 200 Ω 2 RL = 100 Ω −4 1 −5 0 −6 10 100 1000 f− Frequency −MHz 10 10000 100 1000 Figure 3. Figure 4. HD2 vs Frequency HD3 vs Frequency −70 −60 VO = 2 VPP G = 0 dB VO = 2 VPP G = 0 dB 3rd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc 2nd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc 10000 f− Frequency −MHz −70 −80 −90 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 100 Ω −100 RL = 500 Ω −110 −80 −90 RL = 1kΩ RL = 200 Ω −100 RL = 500 Ω RL = 200 Ω −120 1 10 100 f − Frequency − MHz Figure 5. 1000 −110 RL = 100 Ω 1 10 100 1000 f − Frequency − MHz Figure 6. 7 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 HD2 vs Frequency G = 6 dB RF = 348 Ω RG = 165 Ω VO = 2 VPP −60 HD3 vs Frequency −70 3rd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc 2nd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc −50 RL = 500 Ω −70 −80 RL = 1kΩ RL = 100 Ω −90 −100 −110 −120 G = 6 dB RF = 348 Ω RG = 165 Ω VO = 2 VPP −80 RL = 100 Ω −90 L RL = 500 Ω −100 RL = 200 Ω −130 1 10 100 f − Frequency − MHz −110 1000 10 1 100 1000 f − Frequency − MHz Figure 7. Figure 8. HD2 vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE −40 HD3 vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE −40 f = 150 MHz VOD = 2 VPP f = 150 MHz VOD = 2 VPP −50 3rd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc 2nd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc = 200 Ω RL = 1k Ω f = 100 MHz −60 f = 64 MHz −70 f = 32 MHz −80 f = 8 MHz −90 f = 16 MHz −100 −110 −50 f = 100 MHz −60 f = 64 MHz −70 f = 8 MHz −80 f = 32 MHz −90 f = 16 MHz −100 −110 −120 0 1 2 3 VO − Output Voltage − VPP 4 −120 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 VO − Output Voltage− V PP Figure 9. Figure 10. HD2 vs CM OUTPUT VOLTAGE HD3 vs CM OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 0 −20 3rd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc 2nd Order Harmonic Distortion − dBc f = 150 MHz f = 100 MHz −40 f = 64 MHz −60 −80 f = 1 MHz −100 −120 −0.8 −0.6 −0.4 −0.2 f = 64 MHz 0 0.2 0.4 Figure 11. f = 32 MHz −60 −80 −100 f = 4 MHz f = 1 MHz f = 8 MHz 0.6 VCM − Common-Mode Output Voltage − V 8 −40 f = 4 MHz f = 8 MHz −140 −1 f = 100 MHz −120 f = 32 MHz f = 150 MHz −20 0.8 1 −140 −1 −0.8 −0.6 −0.4 −0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 VCM − Common-Mode Output Voltage − V Figure 12. 0.8 1 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 IMD2 vs FREQUENCY IMD3 vs FREQUENCY −40 −60 IMD 2 − Intermodulation Distortion − dBc VOD = 2V PP Envelope 200 kHz Tone Spacing IMD 3 − Intermodulation Distortion − dBc −50 RL = 200 Ω −60 −70 RL = 1 kΩ −80 RL = 100 Ω −90 VOD = 2V PP Envelope 200 kHz Tone Spacing −65 −70 RL = 100 Ω −75 RL = 1 kΩ −80 −85 −90 −95 RL = 200 Ω −100 −105 −110 −100 0 50 100 150 0 200 50 100 Figure 13. 200 Figure 14. OIP2 vs FREQUENCY OIP3 vs FREQUENCY 95 50 OIP3 − Output Intercept Point − dBm RL = 100 Ω VOD = 2V PP Envelope 200 kHz Tone Spacing 90 OIP2 − Output Intercept Point − dBm 150 f − Frequency − MHz f − Frequency − MHz 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 RL = 100 Ω VOD = 2V PP Envelope 200 kHz Tone Spacing 45 40 35 30 50 45 25 0 50 100 150 0 200 Figure 15. Figure 16. S-PARAMETERS vs FREQUENCY 150 200 TRANSITION RATE vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE 6000 RL = 200 Ω 20% - 80% 10 0 5000 S21 SR − Transition Rate − V/ms S−Parameter − dB 100 f − Frequency − MHz 20 −10 S22 −20 −30 S11 −40 −50 −60 50 f − Frequency − MHz S12 −70 Falling 4000 Rising 3000 2000 1000 −80 −90 0.1 0 1 10 f − Frequency − MHz Figure 17. 100 1000 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 VOD − Output Voltage − V PP Figure 18. 9 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 TRANSIENT RESPONSE SETTLING TIME 4 0.5 3.5 0.3 Percent of Final Value - % V OD − Differential Output Voltage − V VOD = 2 VPP 3 2.5 2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.5 1 -0.5 t - Time - 1ns/div t − Time − 500 ps/div Figure 19. Figure 20. REJECTION RATIOS vs FREQUENCY OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY 100 100 PSRR+ 90 Z o − Output Impedance − Ω Rejection Ratio −dB 80 70 CMRR 60 50 40 30 20 10 1 10 0 0.01 0.1 10 1 100 1000 0.1 0.1 f − Frequency − MHz 100 Figure 22. OVERDRIVE RECOVERY DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOAD RESISTANCE 4 3 2.4 2 Output 1 1.4 0 −1 0.4 −2 −3 −4 −0.6 t − Time − 100 ns/div Figure 23. 1000 7 VOD - Differential Output Voltage Swing - V Input V O − Output Voltage − V 10 f − Frequency− MHz Figure 21. 3.4 10 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 100 RL - Load Resistance - kW Figure 24. 1000 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 PD Input 0.4 0 Output t - Time - (2.5 ms/div) t - Time - (2.5 ms/div) Figure 25. Figure 26. INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE vs INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE OPEN-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY 10 9 80 90 70 50 8 10 60 7 Open-loop Gain - dB VOS - Input Offset Voltage - mV 6.4 6 5.6 5.2 4.8 4.4 4 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.4 2 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0 PD Input Powerdown Input - V Output 3 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 6 5 4 3 GAIN -30 50 PHASE 40 -70 30 -110 20 -150 10 -190 Phase - Degrees VO - Output Voltage - V 3 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 VO - Output Voltage - V TURN-ON TIME 6.4 6 5.6 5.2 4.8 4.4 4 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.4 2 1.6 1.2 0.8 Powerdown Input - V TURN-OFF TIME 3.2 2 1 0 -0.5 0 0.5 0 1 2 1.5 2.5 3 -230 100 1M 10K VIC - Commom-Mode Input Voltage - V 100M 10G f - Frequency - Hz Figure 27. Figure 28. INPUT REFERRED NOISE vs FREQUENCY NOISE FIGURE vs FREQUENCY 1000 25 24 100 Input Current Noise NF - Noise Figure - dB Vn - Voltage Noise - V/rt(Hz) In - Current Noise - pA/rt(Hz) 50-W System G = 6 dB 10 Input Voltage Noise 1 0 23 22 21 20 10 100 1k 10k 100k f - Frequency - Hz Figure 29. 1M 10M 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 f - Frequency - MHz Figure 30. 11 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 QUIESCENT CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT BALANCE ERROR vs FREQUENCY 44 -20 VOD = 500 mVPP TA = 25o C 42 -25 -30 Balance Error - dB IQ - Quiescent Current - mA o TA = 85 C 40 38 36 TA = -40o C 34 -35 -40 -45 32 -50 30 -55 28 3.75 4.25 4 4.5 4.75 5 -60 100k 5.25 1M VS - Supply Voltage - V 10M 100M 10G f - Frequency - Hz Figure 31. Figure 32. CM INPUT IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY CM SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE 100 2 0 VOCM - Gain - dB CM Input Impedance − kW 1 10 1 -1 -2 0.1 -3 -4 0.01 100k 1M 10M f − Frequency − Hz Figure 33. 12 100M 1G 100k 1M 10M f - Frequency - Hz Figure 34. 100M 10G THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 CM INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs CM INPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE vs CM INPUT VOLTAGE 5 Differential Output Offset Voltage - mV 100 0 -100 -200 -300 4 3 2 1 0 -1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 5 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VIC - Common-Mode Input Voltage - V VIC - Common-Mode Input Voltage - V Figure 35. Figure 36. OUTPUT COMMON-MODE OFFSET vs CM INPUT VOLTAGE VOC - Common-Mode Output Offset Voltage - mV Common-Mode Input-Bias Current - mA 200 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VIC - Common-Mode Input Voltage - V Figure 37. 13 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 TEST CIRCUITS The THS4511 is tested with the following test circuits built on the EVM. For simplicity, the power supply decoupling is not shown – see the layout in the application information section for recommendations. Depending on the test conditions, component values are changed per the following tables, or as otherwise noted. The signal generators used are ac coupled 50-Ω sources and a 0.22-µF capacitor and a 49.9-Ω resistor to ground are inserted across RIT on the alternate input to balance the circuit. Table 1. Gain Component Values From 50 W Source RF RG RIT 5V 49.9 W RG 0.22 mF THS4511 49.9 W CM RIT 100 W Output Measured Here With High Impedance Differential Probe Open 0.22 mF 49.9 W RF Figure 38. Frequency Response Test Circuit Distortion and 1dB Compression GAIN RF RG RIT 0 dB 348 Ω 340 Ω 56.2 Ω 6 dB 348 Ω 165 Ω 61.9 Ω Note the gain setting includes 50-Ω source impedance. Components are chosen to achieve gain and 50-Ω input termination. Table 2. Load Component Values RL RO ROT 100 Ω 25 Ω open Atten. 6 dB 200 Ω 86.6 Ω 69.8 Ω 16.8 dB 499 Ω 237 Ω 56.2 Ω 25.5 dB 1k Ω 487 Ω 52.3 Ω 31.8 dB Note the total load includes 50-Ω termination by the test equipment. Components are chosen to achieve load and 50-Ω line termination through a 1:1 transformer. Due to the voltage divider on the output formed by the load component values, the amplifier's output is attenuated. The column Atten in Table 2 shows the attenuation expected from the resistor divider. When using a transformer at the output as shown in Figure 39, the signal will see slightly more loss, and these numbers will be approximate. The circuit shown in Figure 39 is used to measure harmonic distortion, intermodulation distortion, and 1-db compression point of the amplifier. A signal generator is used as the signal source and the output is measured with a spectrum analyzer. The output impedance of the signal generator is 50 Ω. RIT and RG are chosen to impedance-match to 50 Ω, and to maintain the proper gain. To balance the amplifier, a 0.22-µF capacitor and 49.9-Ω resistor to ground are inserted across RIT on the alternate input. A low-pass filter is inserted in series with the input to reduce harmonics generated at the signal source. The level of the fundamental is measured, then a high-pass filter is inserted at the output to reduce the fundamental so that it does not generate distortion in the input of the spectrum analyzer. The transformer used in the output to convert the signal from differential to single ended is an ADT1-1WT. It limits the frequency response of the circuit so that measurements cannot be made below approximately 1MHz. From 50 W Source The circuit shown in Figure 38 is used to measure the frequency response of the circuit. A network analyzer is used as the signal source and as the measurement device. The output impedance of the network analyzer is 50 Ω. RIT and RG are chosen to impedance match to 50 Ω, and to maintain the proper gain. To balance the amplifier, a 0.22-µF capacitor and 49.9-Ω resistor to ground are inserted across RIT on the alternate input. The output is probed using a high-impedance differential probe across the 100-Ω resistor. The gain is referred to the amplifier output by adding back the 6-dB loss due to the voltage divider on the output. VIN RF RG RIT 5V RO RG Frequency Response 14 VIN 0.22 mF RIT THS4511 CM 49.9 W RO 1:1 VOUT ROT To 50 W Test Equipment Open 0.22 mF RF Figure 39. Distortion Test Circuit The 1-dB compression point is measured with a spectrum analyzer with 50-Ω double termination or 100-Ω termination as shown in Table 2. The input power is increased until the output is 1 dB lower than expected. The number reported in the table data is the power delivered to the spectrum analyzer input. Add 3 dB to refer to the amplifier output. THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 S-Parameter, Slew Rate, Transient Response, Settling Time, Output Impedance, Overdrive, Output Voltage, and Turn-On/Off Time The circuit shown in Figure 40 is used to measure s-parameters, slew rate, transient response, settling time, output impedance, overdrive recovery, output voltage swing, and turn-on/turn-off times of the amplifier. For output impedance, the signal is injected at VOUT with VIN left open and the drop across the 49.9 Ω resistor is used to calculate the impedance seen looking into the amplifier’s output. Because S21 is measured single-ended at the load with 50-Ω double termination, add 12 dB to refer to the amplifier’s output as a differential signal. From V IN 50-W Source RG R IT RF THS4511 49.9 W VOUT- R IT 0.22 mF RIT 5V 49.9 W 49.9 W VOUT– RG 0.22 mF THS4511 49.9 W VOUT+ CM RIT To 50-W Test Equipment RCM VIN 49.9 W RCMT RF From 50-W source Figure 41. CM Input Test Circuit VOUT+ 0.22 mF RF RG 5V 49.9 W RG at VOUT+ or VOUT– with the input injected at VIN, RCM = 0 Ω and RCMT = 49.9 Ω. The input impedance is measured with RCM = 49.9 Ω with RCMT = open, and calculated by measuring the voltage drop across RCM to determine the input current. CM 49.9 W To 50-W Test Equipment Open 0.22 mF CMRR and PSRR The circuit shown in Figure 42 is used to measure the CMRR and PSRR of VS+ and VS–. The input is switched appropriately to match the test being performed. RF Figure 40. S-Parameter, SR, Transient Response, Settling Time, ZO, Overdrive Recovery, VOUT Swing, and Turn-on/off Test Circuit CM Input The circuit shown in Figure 41 is used to measure the frequency response and input impedance of the CM input. Frequency response is measured single-ended 348 W VS+ PSRR+ From VIN 50 W CMRR Source 5V 49.9 W 100 W 100 W PSRRVS- THS4511 CM 69.8 W 49.9 W 100 W Open 0.22 mF Output Measured Here With High Impedance Differential Probe 348 W Figure 42. CMRR and PSRR Test Circuit 15 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION APPLICATIONS Single-Ended Input The following circuits show application information for the THS4511. For simplicity, power supply decoupling capacitors are not shown in these diagrams. For more detail on the use and operation of fully differential operational amplifiers refer to application report Fully-Differential Amplifiers (SLOA054) . RG RF Differential 5V Output + RG – VOUT– THS4511 – + VOUT+ Differential Input to Differential Output Amplifier The THS4511 is a fully differential operational amplifier, and can be used to amplify differential input signals to differential output signals. A basic block diagram of the circuit is shown in Figure 43 (CM input not shown). The gain of the circuit is set by RF divided by RG. RF Differential Input 5V RG + V IN+ VIN– Differential Output – – + VOUT+ RF Figure 43. Differential Input to Differential Ouput Amplifier Depending on the source and load, input and output termination can be accomplished by adding RIT and RO. Single-Ended Amplifier Input to Differential Output The THS4511 can be used to amplify and convert single-ended input signals to differential output signals. A basic block diagram of the circuit is shown in Figure 44 (CM input not shown). The gain of the circuit is again set by RF divided by RG. 16 Figure 44. Single-Ended Input to Differential Output Amplifier Input Common-Mode Voltage Range The input common-model voltage of a fully differential operational amplifier is the voltage at the (+) and (–) input pins of the operational amplifier. It is important to not violate the input common-mode voltage range (VICR) of the operational amplifier. Assuming the operational amplifier is in linear operation the voltage across the input pins is only a few millivolts at most. So finding the voltage at one input pin determines the input common-mode voltage of the operational amplifier. VOUT– THS4511 RG RF Treating the negative input as a summing node, the voltage is given by Equation 1: ö æ ö æ RG RF ÷ ÷ + ç VIN- ´ VIC = çç VOUT + ´ ç ÷ R G + R F ÷ø R G + RF ø è è (1) To determine the VICR of the operational amplifier, the voltage at the negative input is evaluated at the extremes of VOUT+. As the gain of the operational amplifier increases, the input common-mode voltage becomes closer and closer to the input common-mode voltage of the source. THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 Setting the Output Common-Mode Voltage The output common-mode voltage is set by the voltage at the CM pin(s). The internal common-mode control circuit maintains the output common-mode voltage within 5-mV offset (typical) from the set voltage, when set within 0.5 V of mid-supply. If left unconnected, the common-mode set point is set to mid-supply by internal circuitry, which may be over-driven from an external source. Figure 45 is representative of the CM input. The internal CM circuit has about 700 MHz of –3-dB bandwidth, which is required for best performance, but it is intended to be a dc-bias input pin. Bypass capacitors are recommended on this pin to reduce noise at the output. The external current required to overdrive the internal resistor divider is given by Equation 2: IEXT = 2VCM - (VS + - VS - ) 50 kW (2) where VCM is the voltage applied to the CM pin, and VS+ ranges from 3.75 V to 5 V, and VS- is 0 V (ground). VS+ 50 kW to internal CM circuit I EXT operational amplifier. Note RS and RIT are added to the alternate input from the signal input to balance the amplifier. One resistor that is equal to the combined value RI = RG + RS||RIT can be placed at the alternate input. RS RG VSignal RIT RF RPD VS+ = 3.75 V to 5 V RO THS4511 RG RO VOUTVOUT+ CM RS RIT RPD VS– VCM RF Figure 46. THS4511 DC Coupled Single-Source Supply Range From 3.75 V to 5 V With RPD Used To Set VIC Note that in Figure 46, the source is referenced to ground as is the input termination resistor RIT. The proper value of resistance to add can be calculated from Equation 3: RPD = CM 50 kW 1 é 1 ê 1 .6 êV R F ê S + - 1 .6 êë 2 ù ú 1 ú RI ú úû (3) V S– Figure 45. CM Input Circuit Device Operation with Single Power Supplies Less than 5 V The THS4511 is optimized to work in systems using 5-V single supplies, and the characterization data presented in this data sheet was taken with 5-V single-supply inputs. For ac-coupled systems or dc-coupled systems operating with supplies less than 5 V and greater than 3.75 V, the amplifier input common-mode range is maximized by adding pull-down resistors at the device inputs. The pull-down resistors provide additional loading at the input, and lower the common-mode voltage that is fed back into the device input through resistor RF. Figure 46 shows the circuit configuration for this mode of operation where RPD is added to the dc-coupled circuit to avoid violating the VICR of the where RI = RG + RS||RIT. VS+ is the power-supply voltage, RF is the feedback resistance, RG is the gain-setting resistance, RS is the signal source resistance, and RIT is the termination resistance. Table 3 is a modification of Table 1 to add the proper values with RPD assuming VS+ = 3.75 V, a dc-coupled 50-Ω source impedance, and setting the output common-mode voltage to mid-supply. Table 3. RPD Values for Various Gains, VS+ = 3.75 V, DC-coupled Signal Source Gain RF RG RIT RPD 0 dB 348 Ω 340 Ω 56.2 Ω 422 Ω 6 dB 348 Ω 169 Ω 64.9 Ω 86.6 Ω If the signal originates from an ac-coupled 50-Ω source (see Figure 47), the equivalent dc-source resistance is an open circuit and RI = RG + RIT. Table 4 is a modification of Table 1 to add the proper values with RPD assuming VS+ = 3.75 V, an ac-coupled 50-Ω source impedance, and setting the output common-mode voltage to mid-supply. 17 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 Table 4. RPD Values for Various Gains, VS+ = 3.75 V, AC-coupled Signal Source Gain RF RG RIT RPD 0 dB 348 Ω 340 Ω 56.2 Ω 390 Ω 6 dB 348 Ω 169 Ω 64.9 Ω 80.6 Ω Video Source RS = 75 W VSignal VIN 348 W 175 W 130 W VS+ = 5 V RO - C RS RIT V Signal RPD RO THS4511 175 W RF RG VOD + VS+ = 3.75 V to 5 V 75 W 130 W VCM = 2.5 V VS- RO V OUTTHS4511 RG V OUT+ C RS RIT RO RPD V S- 348 W Figure 48. Single-Supply Video Buffer, Gain = 2 CM 0.8 RF Figure 48 shows a possible application of the THS4508 as a DC-coupled video buffer with a gain of 2. Figure 49 shows a plot of the Y' signal originating from a HDTV 720p video system. The input signal includes a tri-level sync (minimum level at –0.3 V) and the portion of a video signal with maximum amplitude of 0.7 V. Although the buffer draws its power from a 5V single-ended power supply, internal level shifters allow the buffer to support input signals which are as much as –0.3 V below ground. This allows maximum design flexibility while maintaining a minimum parts count. Figure 50 shows the differential output of the buffer. Note that the DC-coupled amplifier can introduce a DC offset on a signal applied at its input. 0.4 Voltage - V Video Buffer 0.6 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 0 5 10 15 20 t - Time - ms Figure 49. Y' Signal with 3-Level Sync and Video Signal 1.5 VOD - Video Buffer Output - V Figure 47. THS4511 AC Coupled Single-Source Supply Range From 3.75 V to 5 V With RPD Used To Set VIC 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 0 5 10 15 20 t - Time - ms Figure 50. Video Buffer Differential Output Signal 18 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 THS4511 + ADS5500 Combined Performance THS4511 + ADS5424 Combined Performance The THS4511 is designed to be a high performance drive amplifier for high performance data converters like the ADS5500 14-bit 125-MSPS ADC. Figure 51 shows a circuit combining the two devices. The THS4511 amplifier circuit provides 0 dB of gain, and converts the single-ended input signal to a differential output signal. The default common-mode output of the THS4511 (2.5 V) is not compatible with the required common-mode input of the ADS5500 (1.55 V), so dc-blocking capicitors are added (0.22 µF). Note that a biasing circuit (not shown in Figure 51) is needed to provide the required common-mode, dc-input for the ADS5500. The 100-Ω resistors and 2.7-pF capacitor between the THS4511 outputs and ADS5500 inputs along with the input capacitance of the ADS5500 limit the bandwidth of the signal to 115 MHz (–3 dB). For testing, a signal generator is used for the signal source. The generator is an ac-coupled 50-Ω source. A band-pass filter is inserted in series with the input to reduce harmonics and noise from the signal source. Input termination is accomplished via the 69.8-Ω resistor and 0.22-µF capacitor to ground in conjunction with the input impedance of the amplifier circuit. A 0.22-µF capacitor and 49.9-Ω resistor is inserted to ground across the 69.8-Ω resistor and 0.22-µF capacitor on the alternate input to balance the circuit. Gain is a function of the source impedance, termination, and 348-Ω feedback resistor. See Table 1 for component values to set proper 50-Ω termination for other common gains. Figure 52 shows the THS4511 driving the ADS5424 ADC. From 50-W source VIN As before, the THS4511 amplifier provides 0 dB of gain, converts the single-ended input to differential, and sets the proper input common-mode voltage to the ADS5424. Input termination and circuit testing is the same as described above for the THS4511 + ADS5500 circuit. The 225-Ω resistors and 2.7-pF capacitor between the THS4511 outputs and ADS5424 inputs (along with the input capacitance of the ADC) limit the bandwidth of the signal to about 100MHz (-3dB). When the THS4511 is operated from a single power supply with VS+ = 5 V and VS- = ground, the 2.5-V output common-mode voltage is compatable with the recommended value of the ADS5424 input common-mode voltage (2.4 V). From 50-W source V IN 348 W 340 W 56.2 W 5V 225 W 340 49 .9 W 56.2 W THS4511 225 W 2 .7 pF CM 0.22 mF 348 W 14-bit, 105 MSPS A IN+ ADS5424 A IN– VBG 49.9 W 0.1 mF 0.1 mF Figure 52. THS4511 + ADS5424 Circuit 340 W 56.2 W 348 W 5V 0.22 mF 100 W 14-bit, 125 MSPS A IN + 340 W 49.9 W 56.2 W THS4511 2.7 pF ADS5500 A IN - CM CM 0.22 mF 0.22 mF 100 W 0.1 mF 348 W Figure 51. THS4511 + ADS5500 Circuit 19 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 Layout Recommendations It is recommended to follow the layout of the external components near the amplifier, ground plane construction, and power routing of the EVM as closely as possible. General guidelines are: 1. Signal routing should be direct and as short as possible into and out of the operational amplifier circuit. 2. The feedback path should be short and direct avoiding vias. 3. Ground or power planes should be removed from directly under the amplifier’s input and output pins. 4. An output resistor is recommended on each output, as near to the output pin as possible. 5. Two 10-µF and two 0.1-µF power-supply decoupling capacitors should be placed as near to the power-supply pins as possible. 6. Two 0.1-µF capacitors should be placed between the CM input pins and ground. This limits noise coupled into the pins. One each should be placed to ground near pin 4 and pin 9. 7. It is recommended to split the ground pane on layer 2 (L2) as shown below and to use a solid ground on layer 3 (L3). A single-point connection should be used between each split section on L2 20 and L3. 8. A single-point connection to ground on L2 is recommended for the input termination resistors R1 and R2. This should be applied to the input gain resistors if termination is not used. 9. The THS4511 recommended PCB footprint is shown in Figure 53. 0.144 0.049 0.012 Pin 1 0.0095 0.015 0.144 0.0195 0.0705 0.010 vias 0.032 0.030 0.0245 Top View Figure 53. QFN Etch and Via Pattern THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 THS4511 EVM Figure 54 is the THS4511 EVAL1 EVM schematic, layers 1 through 4 of the PCB are shown in ADDREFS through ADDREFS , and Table 5 is the bill of material for the EVM as supplied from TI. GND TP1 VS+ J5 J6 VCC J8 R5 348 W R1 56.2 W R3 J1 C15 R12 49.9 W 12 2 3 VO+ - U1 11 + R4 340 W R2 56.2 W TP2 C14 0.1 mF 4 VOPwrPad 10 R7 86.6 W R8 86.6 W 15 13 14 16 R6 C5 6 C12 C13 1 5 4 0.1 mF VCC 3 XFMR_ADT1-1WT Vocm 9 0.1 mF J3 T1 R11 69.8 W 10 mF C3 R9 open 7 PD 340 W 0.22 mF J2 VCC 8 6 5 10 mF R10 open C1 open J7 348 W TP3 C11 0.1 mF C8 open C7 open C2 open Figure 54. THS4511 EVAL1 EVM Schematic 21 THS4511 www.ti.com SLOS471 – SEPTEMBER 2005 Table 5. THS4511RGT EVM Bill of Materials ITEM (1) DESCRIPTION SMD SIZE REFERENCE DESIGNATOR PCB QTY MANUFACTURER'S PART NUMBER (1) 1 CAP, 10.0 µF, Ceramic, X5R, 6.3V 0805 C3, C5 2 (AVX) 08056D106KAT2A 2 CAP, 0.1 µF, Ceramic, X5R, 10V 0402 C11, C12, C13, C14 4 (AVX) 0402ZD104KAT2A 3 CAP, 0.22 µF, Ceramic, X5R, 6.3V 0402 C15 1 (AVX) 04026D224KAT2A 4 OPEN 0402 C1, C2, C7, C8, C9, C10 6 5 OPEN 0402 R9, R10 2 6 Resistor, 49.9 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R12 1 7 Resistor, 56.2 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R1, R2 8 Resistor, 69.8 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R11 3 (KOA) RK73H1ETTP69R8F 9 Resistor, 86.6 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R7, R8 2 (KOA) RK73H1ETTP86R6F 10 Resistor, 340 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R3, R4 2 (KOA) RK73H1ETTP3400F 11 Resistor, 348 Ω, 1/16W, 1% 0402 R5, R6 2 (KOA) RK73H1ETTP3480F 12 Resistor, 0 Ω, 5% 0805 C4, C6 2 (KOA) RK73Z2ATTD 13 Transformer, RF T1 1 (MINI-CIRCUITS) ADT1-1WT 14 Jack, banana receptance, 0.25" diameter hole J5, J6 15 OPEN J1, J7, J8 3 16 Connector, edge, SMA PCB Jack J2, J3 2 (JOHNSON) 142-0701-801 17 Test point, Red TP1, TP2, TP3 3 (KEYSTONE) 5000 18 IC, THS4511 U1 1 (TI) THS4511RGT 19 Standoff, 4-40 HEX, 0.625" length 4 (KEYSTONE) 1808 20 SCREW, PHILLIPS, 4-40, 0.250" 4 SHR-0440-016-SN 21 Printed circuit board 1 (TI) EDGE# 6475513 (KOA) RK73H1ETTP49R9F (KOA) RK73H1ETTP56R2F 2 (HH SMITH) 101 The manufacturer's part numbers were used for tesr purposes only. EVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONS It is important to operate this EVM within the input and output voltage ranges as specified in the table provided below. Input Range, VS+ to VS- 3.0 V to 6.0 V Input Range, VI 3.0 V to 6.0 V NOT TO EXCEED VS+ or VS- Output Range, VO 3.0 V to 6.0 V NOT TO EXCEED VS+ or VS- Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI field representative prior to connecting the input power. Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the product data sheet or EVM user's guide (if user's guide is available) prior to connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification, please contact a TI field representative. During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than 30°C. The EVM is designed to operate properly with certain components above 50°C as long as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These types of devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the material provided. When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware that these devices may be very warm to the touch. Mailing Address: Texas Instruments Post Office Box 655303 Dallas, Texas 75265 22 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 17-Nov-2005 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty THS4511RGTR ACTIVE QFN RGT 16 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR THS4511RGTRG4 ACTIVE QFN RGT 16 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR THS4511RGTT ACTIVE QFN RGT 16 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR THS4511RGTTG4 ACTIVE QFN RGT 16 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS) or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. 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