CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 Two Output, Integrated VCO, Low-Jitter Clock Generator FEATURES 1 • One Single-Ended/Crystal Reference Input Including 24.8832 MHz, 25 MHz, and 26.5625 MHz • Input Frequency Range: 21.875 MHz to 28.47 MHz • On-Chip VCO Operates in Frequency Range of 1.75 GHz to 2.05 GHz • 2x Output Available: – Pin-Selectable Between LVPECL, LVDS, or 2-LVCMOS; Operates at 3.3 V • LVCMOS Bypass Output Available • Output Frequency Selectable by /1, /2, /3, /4, /6, /8 from a Single Output Divider • Supports Common LVPECL/LVDS Output Frequencies: – 62.5 MHz, 74.25 MHz, 75 MHz, 77.76 MHz, 100 MHz, 106.25 MHz, 125 MHz, 150 MHz, 155.52 MHz, 156.25 MHz, 159.375 MHz, 187.5 MHz, 200 MHz, 212.5 MHz, 250 MHz, 311.04 MHz, 312.5 MHz, 622.08 MHz, 625 MHz • Supports Common LVCMOS Output Frequencies: – 62.5 MHz, 74.25 MHz, 75 MHz, 77.76 MHz, 100 MHz, 106.25 MHz, 125 MHz, 150 MHz, 155.52 MHz, 156.25 MHz, 159.375 MHz, 187.5 MHz, 200 MHz, 212.5 MHz, 250 MHz • Output Frequency Range: 43.75 MHz to 683.264 MHz (See Table 3) • Internal PLL Loop Bandwidth: 400 kHz • High-Performance PLL Core: – Phase Noise typically at –146 dBc/Hz at 5-MHz Offset for 625-MHz LVPECL Output – Random Jitter typically at 0.509 ps, RMS (10 kHz to 20 MHz) for 625-MHz LVPECL Output • Output Duty Cycle Corrected to 50% (± 5%) • Low Output Skew of 20 ps on LVPECL Outputs • Divider Programming Using Control Pins: – Two Pins for Prescaler/Feedback Divider – Three Pins for Output Divider – Two Pins for Output Select 2 • • • • • Chip Enable Control Pin Available 3.3-V Core and I/O Power Supply Industrial Temperature Range: –40°C to +85°C 5-mm × 5-mm, 32-pin, QFN (RHB) Package ESD Protection Exceeds 2 kV (HBM) APPLICATIONS • • Low Jitter Clock Driver for High-End Datacom Applications Including SONET, Ethernet, Fibre Channel, Serial ATA, and HDTV Cost-Effective High-Frequency Crystal Oscillator Replacement DESCRIPTION The CDCM61002 is a highly versatile, low-jitter frequency synthesizer that can generate two low-jitter clock outputs, selectable between low-voltage positive emitter coupled logic (LVPECL), low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), or low-voltage complementary metal oxide semiconductor (LVCMOS) outputs, from a low-frequency crystal or LVCMOS input for a variety of wireline and data communication applications. The CDCM61002 features an onboard PLL that can be easily configured solely through control pins. The overall output random jitter performance is less than 1ps, RMS (from 10 kHz to 20 MHz), making this device a perfect choice for use in demanding applications such as SONET, Ethernet, Fibre Channel, and SAN. The CDCM61002 is available in a small, 32-pin, 5-mm × 5-mm QFN package. 1 space Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. space 2 PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com DESCRIPTION, CONTINUED The CDCM61002 is a high-performance, low phase noise, fully-integrated voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) clock synthesizer with two universal output buffers that can be configured to be LVPECL, LVDS, or LVCMOS compatible. Each universal output can also be converted to two LVCMOS outputs. Additionally, an LVCMOS bypass output clock is available in an output configuration which can help with crystal loading in order to achieve an exact desired input frequency. It has one fully-integrated, low-noise, LC-based VCO that operates in the 1.75 GHz to 2.05 GHz range. The phase-locked loop (PLL) synchronizes the VCO with respect to the input, which can either be a low-frequency crystal or a low-noise LVCMOS input. The outputs share an output divider sourced from the VCO core. All device settings are managed through a control pin structure, which has two pins that control the prescaler and feedback divider, three pins that control the output divider, two pins that control the output type, and one pin that controls the output enable. Any time the PLL settings (including the input frequency, prescaler divider, or feedback divider) are altered, a reset must be issued through the Reset control pin (active low for device reset). The reset initiates a PLL recalibration process to ensure PLL lock. When the device is in reset, the outputs and dividered are turned off. The output frequency (fOUT) is proportional to the frequency of the input clock (fIN). The feedback divider, output divider, and VCO frequency set fOUT with respect to fIN. For a configuration setting for common wireline and datacom applications, refer toTable 2. For other applications, use Equation 1 to calculate the exact crystal oscillator frequency required for the desired output. Output Divider f fIN = Feedback Divider OUT (1) ( ( The output divider can be chosen from 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8 through the use of control pins. Feedback divider and prescaler divider combinations can be chosen from 25 and 3, 24 and 3, 20 and 4, or 15 and 5, respectively, also through the use of control pins. Figure 1 shows a high-level block diagram of the CDCM61002. The device operates in a 3.3-V supply environment and is characterized for operation from –40°C to +85°C. RSTN PR[1...0] OD[2...0] 2 3 CDCM61002 Feedback Divider Prescaler VCO Output Divider PFD Charge Pump Loop Filter Crystal/ LVCMOS Output Driver LVPECL/ LVCMOS/ LVDS Output Driver LVPECL/ LVCMOS/ LVDS 3.3 V LVCMOS CE 2 OS[1...0] Figure 1. CDCM61002 Block Diagram 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. AVAILABLE OPTIONS (1) TA –40°C to +85°C (1) (2) PACKAGED DEVICES FEATURES (2) CDCM61002RHBT 32-pin QFN (RHB) package, small tape and reel CDCM61002RHBR 32-pin QFN (RHB) package, tape and reel For the most current specifications and package information, see the Package Option Addendum located at the end of this data sheet or refer to our web site at www.ti.com. These packages conform to Lead (Pb)-free and green manufacturing specifications. Additional details including specific material contentcan be accessed at www.ti.com/leadfree. GREEN: TI defines Green to mean Lead (Pb)-Free and in addition, uses less package materials that do not contain halogens, including bromine (Br), or antimony (Sb) above 0.1%of total product weight. N/A: Not yet available Lead (Pb)-Free; for estimated conversion dates, go to www.ti.com/leadfree. Pb-FREE: TI defines Lead (Pb)-Free to mean RoHS compatible, including a lead concentration that does not exceed 0.1% of total product weight, and, if designed to be soldered, suitable for use in specified lead-free soldering processes. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). PARAMETER VCC_OUT, VCC_PLL1, VCC_PLL2, VCC_VCO, VCC_IN Supply voltage range (2) VIN Input voltage range (3) VOUT Output voltage range (3) IIN Input current IOUT Output current TSTG Storage temperature range (1) (2) (3) VALUE UNIT –0.5 to 4.6 V –0.5 to (VCC_IN + 0.5) V –0.5 to (VCC_OUT + 0.5) V 20 mA 50 mA –65 to +150 °C Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating condition is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All supply voltages must be supplied simultaneously. Input and output negative voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output clamp-current ratings are observed. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 3 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). MIN NOM MAX UNIT VCC_OUT Output supply voltage PARAMETER 3.0 3.30 3.60 V VCC_PLL1 PLL supply voltage 3.0 3.30 3.60 V VCC_PLL2 PLL supply voltage 3.0 3.30 3.60 V VCC_VCO On-chip VCO supply voltage 3.0 3.30 3.60 V VCC_IN Input supply voltage 3.0 3.30 3.60 V TA Ambient temperature –40 +85 °C DISSIPATION RATINGS (1) (2) VALUE PARAMETER θJA Thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient θJP (3) (1) (2) (3) 4 TEST CONDITIONS 4 × 4 VIAS ON PAD UNIT 0 LFM 35 °C/W 4 °C/W Thermal resistance, junction-to-pad The package thermal resistance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51 and JEDEC 2S2P (high-K board). Connected to GND with nine thermal vias (0.3-mm diameter). θJP (junction-to-pad) is used for the QFN package, because the primary heat flow is from the junction to the GND pad of the QFN package. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 3 V to 3.6 V, TA = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. CDCM61002 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 28.47 MHz LVCMOS Input Characteristics fIN Reference input frequency 21.875 VIH Input high voltage 0.6VCC VIL Input low voltage IIH Input high current IIL Input low current ΔV/ΔT Reference input edge rate 20% to 80% DutyREF Reference input duty cycle V 0.4VCC V VCC = 3.6 V, VIL = 0 V 200 µA VCC = 3 V, VIH = 3.6 V –200 0.75 µA V/ns 40 60 % 21.875 28.47 MHz 43.75 250 MHz LVCMOS Output Characteristics (1) (See Figure 9 and Figure 10) fOSC_OUT Bypass output frequency fOUT Output frequency VOH Output high voltage VCC = min to max, IOH = –100 µA VOL Output low voltage VCC = min to max, IOL = 100 µA tRJIT RMS phase jitter 250 MHz (10 kHz to 20 MHz) tSLEW-RATE Output rise/fall slew rate 20% to 80% ODC Output duty cycle tSKEW Skew between outputs ICC, LVCMOS Device current, LVCMOS LVPECL Output Characteristics V 0.3 (2) V 0.85 ps, RMS 2.4 V/ns 45 55 % 50 ps 140 mA 43.75 683.264 MHz VCC –1.18 VCC –0.73 V VCC –2 VCC –1.55 V 0.6 1.23 V fIN = 25 MHz, fOUT = 250 MHz, CL = 5 pF 120 (See Figure 11 and Figure 12) fOUT Output frequency VOH Output high voltage VOL Output low voltage |VOD| Differential output voltage tRJIT RMS phase jitter 625 MHz (10 kHz to 20 MHz) tR/tF Output rise/fall time 20% to 80% ODC Output duty cycle tSKEW Skew between outputs ICC, LVPECL Device current, LVPECL (1) (2) VCC –0.5 0.77 ps, RMS 175 45 fIN = 25 MHz, fOUT = 625 MHz 126 ps 55 % 20 ps 144 mA Figure 9 and Figure 10 show dc and ac test setups, respectively. Jitter measurements made using 25-MHz quartz crystal in. Figure 11 and Figure 12 show dc and ac test setups, respectively. Jitter measurements made using 25-MHz quartz crystal in. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 5 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VCC = 3 V to 3.6 V, TA = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. CDCM61002 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT MHz LVDS Output Characteristics (3) (See Figure 13 and Figure 14) fOUT Output frequency 43.75 683.264 |VOD| Differential output voltage 0.247 0.454 ΔVOD VDD magnitude change VOS Common-mode voltage ΔVOS VOS magnitude change tRJIT RMS phase jitter 625 MHz (10 kHz to 20 MHz) tR/tF Output rise/fall time 20% to 80% ODC Output duty cycle tSKEW Skew between outputs ICC, LVDS Device current, LVDS (3) V 50 1.125 mV 1.375 V 50 mV 0.73 ps, RMS 255 45 fIN = 25 MHz, fOUT = 625 MHz 110 ps 55 % 30 ps 125 mA Figure 13 and Figure 14 show dc and ac test setups, respectively. Jitter mMeasurements made using 25-MHz quartz crystal in. TYPICAL OUTPUT PHASE NOISE CHARACTERISTICS Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). CDCM61002 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 250-MHz LVCMOS Output (1) (see Figure 10) phn100 Phase noise at 100-Hz offset –95 dBc/Hz phn1k phn10k Phase noise at 1-kHz offset –110 dBc/Hz Phase noise at 10-kHz offset –117 dBc/Hz phn100k Phase noise at 100-kHz offset –120 dBc/Hz phn1M Phase noise at 1-MHz offset –135 dBc/Hz phn10M Phase noise at 10-MHz offset –148 dBc/Hz phn20M Phase noise at 20-MHz offset –148 dBc/Hz tRJIT RMS phase jitter from 10 kHz to 20 MHz 544 fs, RMS tPJIT Total period jitter 27.4 ps, PP tSTARTUP Start-up time, power supply ramp time of 1 ms, final frequency accuracy of ±10 ppm 2.25 ms 625-MHz LVPECL Output (2) (see Figure 12) phn100 Phase noise at 100-Hz offset –81 dBc/Hz phn1k Phase noise at 1-kHz offset –101 dBc/Hz phn10k Phase noise at 10-kHz offset –109 dBc/Hz phn100k Phase noise at 100-kHz offset –112 dBc/Hz phn1M Phase noise at 1-MHz offset –129 dBc/Hz phn10M Phase noise at 10-MHz offset –146 dBc/Hz phn20M Phase noise at 20-MHz offset –146 dBc/Hz tRJIT RMS phase jitter from 10 kHz to 20 MHz 509 fs, RMS tPJIT Total period jitter 26.9 ps, PP tSTARTUP Start-up time, power supply ramp time of 1 ms, final frequency accuracy of ±10 ppm 2.25 ms (1) (2) 6 Figure 10 shows test setup and uses 25-MHz quartz crystal in, VCC = 3.3 V, TA = +25°C. Figure 12 shows test setup and uses 25-MHz quartz crystal in, VCC = 3.3 V, TA = +25°C. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 TYPICAL OUTPUT PHASE NOISE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). CDCM61002 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 625-MHz LVDS Output (3) (see Figure 14) phn100 Phase noise at 100-Hz offset –88 dBc/Hz phn1k Phase noise at 1-kHz offset –102 dBc/Hz phn10k Phase noise at 10-kHz offset –109 dBc/Hz phn100k Phase noise at 100-kHz offset –112 dBc/Hz phn1M Phase noise at 1-MHz offset –129 dBc/Hz phn10M Phase noise at 10-MHz offset –146 dBc/Hz phn20M Phase noise at 20-MHz offset –146 dBc/Hz tRJIT RMS phase jitter from 10 kHz to 20 MHz 510 fs, RMS tPJIT Total period jitter 27 ps, PP tSTARTUP Start-up time, power supply ramp time of 1 ms, final frequency accuracy of ±10 ppm (3) 2.25 ms Figure 14 shows test setup and uses 25-MHz quartz crystal, VCC = 3.3 V, TA = +25°C. TYPICAL OUTPUT JITTER CHARACTERISTICS (1) OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT (MHz) tRJIT tPJIT (psPP) tRJIT tPJIT (psPP) tRJIT tPJIT (psPP) 62.5 25 592 32.9 611 20.7 667 28.4 75 25 518 27.5 533 19.4 572 25.7 77.76 24.8832 506 29.2 526 20.9 567 26.9 100 25 507 24.5 510 20.7 533 26.5 106.25 26.5625 535 23.5 524 20.2 553 26.5 125 25 557 39.6 556 21.4 570 27.1 150 25 518 38.4 493 18.9 515 26.2 155.52 24.8832 498 36.9 486 19.8 502 26.7 156.25 25 510 37.7 503 20.7 518 26.5 159.375 26.5625 535 37.4 510 19.9 534 26.3 187.5 25 506 32.8 506 20.3 509 25.5 200 25 491 23.3 492 30 499 34.9 212.5 26.5625 520 47.8 509 30.8 530 37.3 250 25 544 27.4 541 21.4 550 27.5 311.04 24.8832 481 20.5 496 24.7 (1) LVCMOS OUTPUT LVPECL OUTPUT LVDS OUTPUT 312.5 25 501 20.8 508 25.8 622.08 24.8832 492 27.2 500 27.2 625 25 515 26.9 509 27 Figure 10, Figure 12, and Figure 14 show LVCMOS, LVPECL, and LVDS test setups (respectively) using appropriate quartz crystal in, VCC = 3.3 V, TA = +25°C. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 7 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com CRYSTAL CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER MINIMUM TYPICAL Mode of oscillation MAXIMUM Fundamental Frequency 21.875 On-chip load capacitance 8 Drive level MHz 28.47 Equivalent series resistance (ESR) 0.1 Maximum shunt capacitance UNIT MHz 50 Ω 10 pF 1 mW 7 pF DEVICE INFORMATION 8 NC NC NC NC NC NC PR1 PR0 RHB PACKAGE QFN-32 (TOP VIEW) 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 VCC_OUT 1 24 NC OUTN1 2 23 OSC_OUT OUTP1 3 22 GND1 VCC_OUT 4 21 XIN OUTN0 5 20 VCC_IN OUTP0 6 19 REG_CAP1 CE 7 18 VCC_PLL1 NC 8 17 REG_CAP2 CDCM61002 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 VCC_VCO OS1 OS0 RSTN OD0 OD1 OD2 VCC_PLL2 Thermal Pad (must be soldered to ground) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 PIN FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME DIRECTION (1) PAD NO. TYPE VCC_OUT 1, 4 Power 3.3-V supply for the output buffer DESCRIPTION VCC_PLL1 18 Power 3.3-V supply for the PLL circuitry VCC_PLL2 16 Power 3.3-V supply for the PLL circuitry VCC_VCO 9 Power 3.3-V supply for the internal VCO VCC_IN 20 Power 3.3-V supply for the input buffers GND1 22 Ground Additional ground for device. (GND1 shorted on-chip to GND) GND Pad Ground Ground is on thermal pad. See Thermal Management. XIN 21 Input OUTP0, OUTN0 6, 5 Output Differential output pair or two single-ended outputs OUTP1, OUTN1 3, 2 Output Differential output pair or two single-ended outputs OSC_OUT 23 Output Bypass LVCMOS output REG_CAP1 19 Output Capacitor for internal regulator (connect to a 10-µF Y5V capacitor to GND) REG_CAP2 17 Output Capacitor for internal regulator (connect to a 10-µF Y5V capacitor to GND) PR1, PR0 26, 25 Input Pullup Prescaler and Feedback divider control pins (see Table 4) OD2, OD1, OD0 15, 14, 13 Input Pullup Output divider control pins (see Table 5) OS1, OS0 Parallel resonant crystal/LVCMOS input 10, 11 Input Pullup Output type select control pin (see Table 6) CE 7 Input Pullup Chip enable control pin (see Table 7) RSTN 12 Input Pullup Device reset (active low) (see Table 8) 8, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 NC (1) No connection Pullup and Pulldown refer to internal input resistors. See Table 1, Pin Characteristics for typical values. Table 1. PIN CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL CIN RPULLUP RPULLDOWN PARAMETER MIN Input capacitance TYP MAX 8 10 UNIT pF Input pullup resistor 150 kΩ Input pulldown resistor 150 kΩ Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 9 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com PACKAGE Figure 2. RHB Package 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC_PLL1 VCC_IN XO LVCMOS XIN VCC_PLL2 Phase Frequency Detector 21.875 MHz to 28.47 MHz VCC_VCO VCC_VDD VCC_OUT Loop Filter Charge Pump 224 mA 400 kHz ¸15 FB_MUX ¸5 VCO 1.75 GHz to 2.05 GHz ¸20 ¸4 ¸24 RSTN ¸3 Prescaler Divider ¸25 Feedback Divider LVCMOS ¸1 PR1 DIV_MUX PR0 ¸2 LVPECL OUTP[1...0] ¸3 2 ¸4 LVDS OUTN[1...0] ¸6 REG_CAP1 ¸8 LVCMOS Output Divider REG_CAP2 LVCMOS OSC_OUT CDCM61002 CE GND1 OD2 OD1 OD0 OS1 OS0 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 11 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com DEVICE CONFIGURATION Table 2. Common Configuration INPUT (MHz) PRESCALER DIVIDER FEEDBACK DIVIDER VCO FREQUENCY (MHz) OUTPUT DIVIDER OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) APPLICATION 25 4 20 2000 8 62.5 GigE 24.75 4 20 1980 8 74.25 HDTV 25 3 24 1800 8 75 SATA 24.8832 3 25 1866.24 8 77.76 25 3 24 1800 6 100 26.5625 3 24 1912.5 6 106.25 25 4 20 2000 4 125 GigE 25 3 24 1800 4 150 SATA 24.8832 3 25 1866.24 4 155.52 SONET 25 3 25 1875 4 156.25 10 GigE 26.5625 3 24 1912.5 4 159.375 10-G Fibre Channel 25 5 15 1875 2 187.5 25 3 24 1800 3 200 26.5625 3 24 1912.5 3 212.5 25 4 20 2000 2 250 24.8832 3 25 1866.24 2 311.04 SONET SONET PCI Express Fibre Channel 12 GigE PCI Express 4-G Fibre Channel GigE 25 3 25 1875 2 312.5 XGMII 24.8832 3 25 1866.24 1 622.08 SONET 25 3 25 1875 1 625 10 GigE Table 3. Generic Configuration INPUT FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) PRESCALER DIVIDER FEEDBACK DIVIDER VCO FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) OUTPUT DIVIDER OUTPUT FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 8 54.6875 to 64.05 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 6 72.92 to 85.4 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 4 109.375 to 128.1 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 3 145.84 to 170.8 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 2 218.75 to 256.2 21.875 to 25.62 4 20 1750 to 2050 1 437.5 to 512.4 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 8 72.906 to 85.408 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 6 97.21 to 113.875 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 4 145.812 to 170.816 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 3 194.42 to 227.75 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 2 291.624 to 341.632 23.33 to 27.33 3 25 1750 to 2050 1 583.248 to 683.264 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 8 43.75 to 51.25 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 6 58.33 to 68.33 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 4 87.5 to 102.5 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 3 116.66 to 136.66 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 2 175 to 205 23.33 to 27.33 5 15 1750 to 2050 1 350 to 410 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 8 72.915 to 85.41 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 6 97.22 to 113.88 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 Table 3. Generic Configuration (continued) INPUT FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) PRESCALER DIVIDER FEEDBACK DIVIDER VCO FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) OUTPUT DIVIDER OUTPUT FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 4 145.83 to 170.82 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 3 194.44 to 227.76 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 2 291.66 to 341.64 24.305 to 28.47 3 24 1750 to 2050 1 583.32 to 683.28 Table 4. Programmable Prescaler and Feedback Divider Settings CONTROL INPUTS FEEDBACK DIVIDER PFD FREQUENCY PR1 PR0 PRESCALER DIVIDER MINIMUM MAXIMUM 0 0 3 24 24.305 28.47 0 1 5 15 23.33 27.33 1 0 3 25 23.33 27.33 1 1 4 20 21.875 25.62 Table 5. Programmable Output Divider CONTROL INPUTS OD2 OD1 OD0 OUTPUT DIVIDER 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 4 1 0 0 Reserved 1 0 1 6 1 1 0 Reserved 1 1 1 8 Table 6. Programmable Output Type CONTROL INPUTS OS1 OS0 OUTPUT TYPE 0 0 LVCMOS, OSC_OUT Off 0 1 LVDS, OSC_OUT Off 1 0 LVPECL, OSC_OUT Off 1 1 LVPECL, OSC_OUT On Table 7. Output Enable CONTROL INPUT CE OPERATING CONDITION 0 Power Down Hi-Z 1 Normal Active OUTPUT Table 8. Reset CONTROL INPUT RSTN OPERATING CONDITION OUTPUT 0 Device Reset Hi-Z 0→1 PLL Recalibration Hi-Z 1 Normal Active Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 13 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). TYPICAL CURRENT CONSUMPTION FOR LVPECL OUTPUT vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 145 Output-divide-by-8 Output-divide-by-6 Output-divide-by-4 140 Output-divide-by-3 Supply CUrrent (mA) Output-divide-by-2 Output-divide-by-1 135 130 125 120 0 200 400 600 800 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 3. TYPICAL CURRENT CONSUMPTION FOR LVDS OUTPUT vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 130 Output-divide-by-8 Output-divide-by-6 Output-divide-by-4 125 Output-divide-by-3 Supply CUrrent (mA) Output-divide-by-2 Output-divide-by-1 120 115 110 105 0 200 400 600 800 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 4. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). TYPICAL CURRENT CONSUMPTION FOR LVCMOS OUTPUT WITH 5-pF LOAD vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 130 125 Supply Current (mA) 120 115 110 105 Output-divide-by-8 100 Output-divide-by-6 Output-divide-by-4 95 Output-divide-by-3 Output-divide-by-2 90 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 5. TYPICAL LVPECL DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 0.77 Differential Output Voltage, VOD (V) 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.70 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 15 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). TYPICAL LVDS DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 0.42 Differential Output Voltage, VDO (V) 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.30 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 7. TYPICAL LVCMOS OUTPUT VOLTAGE WITH 5-pF LOAD vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 3.30 Output Voltage, VOUT (V) 3.25 3.20 3.15 3.10 3.05 3.00 50 100 150 200 250 Output Frequency (MHz) Figure 8. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 TEST CONFIGURATIONS This section describes the function of each block for the CDCM61002. Figure 9 through Figure 15 illustrate how the device should be set up for a variety of output configurations. LVCMOS 5 pF Figure 9. LVCMOS Output Loading During Device Test Phase Noise Analyzer LVCMOS Figure 10. LVCMOS AC Configuration During Device Test Oscilloscope LVPECL 50 W 50 W VCC - 2V Figure 11. LVPECL DC Configuration During Device Test Phase Noise Analyzer LVPECL 150 W 150 W 50 W Figure 12. LVPECL AC Configuration During Device Test Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 17 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com 100 W LVDS Oscilloscope Figure 13. LVDS DC Configuration During Device Test Phase Noise Analyzer LVDS 50 W Figure 14. LVDS AC Configuration During Device Test VOH Yx VOD VOL Yx 80% VOUTpp 20% 0V tr tf Figure 15. Output Voltage and Rise/Fall Times 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) The CDCM61002 includes an on-chip PLL with an on-chip VCO. The PLL blocks consist of a crystal input interface, which can also accept an LVCMOS signal, a phase frequency detector (PFD), a charge pump, an on-chip loop filter, and prescaler and feedback dividers. Completing the CDCM61002 device are the output divider and universal output buffer. The PLL is powered by on-chip, low-dropout (LDO) linear voltage regulators. The regulated supply network is partitioned such that the sensitive analog supplies are powered from separate LDOs rather than the digital supplies which use a separate LDO regulator. These LDOs provide isolation for the PLL from any noise in the external power-supply rail. The REG_CAP1 and REG_CAP2 pins should each be connected to ground by 10-µF capacitors to ensure stability. Configuring the PLL The CDCM61002 permits PLL configurations to accommodate the various input and output frequencies listed in Table 2 and Table 3. These configurations are accomplished by setting the prescaler divider, feedback divider and output divider. The various dividers are managed by setting the device control pins as shown in Table 4 and Table 5. For each control pin that must be set to a '1', it is recommended to use an external onboard 10-kΩ resistor to the chip supply. Crystal Input Interface The recommended oscillation mode for the input crystal is fundamental mode, with a parallel resonance circuit configuration for the crystal. Crystal load capacitance refers to all capacitances in the oscillator feedback loop. It is equal to the amount of capacitance seen between the terminals of the crystal in the circuit. For parallel resonant mode circuits, the correct load capacitance is necessary to ensure the oscillation of the crystal within the expected parameters. The CDCM61002 implements an input crystal oscillator circuit architecture that requires the input crystal to interface with one terminal while its other terminal is tied to ground. In this crystal interface, it is important to account for all sources of capacitance when calculating the correct value for the discrete capacitor component, CL, for a given design. The CDCM61002 has been characterized with 20-pF parallel resonant crystals. The input crystal oscillator stage in the CDCM61002 is designed to minimize the capacitance required to be added for the 24.8832-MHz, 25-MHz, or 26.5625-MHz crystals to resonate at the correct frequency. The capacitor values shown in Figure 16 were determined using the 20-pF parallel resonant crystals at 24.8832 MHz, 25 MHz, or 26.5625 MHz and checked for minimal ppm error measured at the OSC_OUT pin. This error value can also be calculated from the discrete capacitor component, CL, required on the XIN pin if the input capacitance on the XIN pin is known (10 pF maximum), in order to match the 20-pF rating. However, it is recommended to use a 10-pF parallel resonant crystal to drive the CDCM61002 and in this case, no additional external capacitors are needed to tune the crystal frequency. Table 9 lists several recommended crystals and the respective manufacturer of each. XIN 10 pF CDCM61002 Figure 16. Crystal Input Interface Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 19 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com Table 9. Recommended Crystal Manufacturers MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER Ecliptek ECCM1B Epson-Toyocom TSX-5032 Abracon ABM3 LVCMOS Input Interface Alternately, the CDCM61002 can be operated with an external LVCMOS reference input applied to the XIN pin, which has internal biasing. Figure 17 shows the recommended method to interface an LVCMOS signal with the CDCM61002 through an ac coupling capacitor. LVCMOS XIN 0.1 mF CDCM61002 Figure 17. LVCMOS Input Interface Phase Frequency Detector (PFD) The PFD takes inputs from the input interface and the feedback divider and produces an output that depends on the phase and frequency differences between the two inputs. The allowable range of frequencies at the PFD inputs is 21.875 MHz to 28.47 MHz. Charge Pump (CP) The charge pump is controlled by the PFD, which dictates either to pump up or down in order to charge or discharge the integrating section of the on-chip loop filter. The integrated and filtered charge pump current is then converted to a voltage that drives the control voltage node of the internal VCO through the on-chip loop filter. The charge pump current is preset to 224 µA and cannot be changed. On-Chip PLL Loop Filter Figure 18 shows the on-chip active loop filter topology implemented in the device. This design corresponds to a PLL bandwidth of 400 kHz for a PFD in the range of 21.875 MHz to 28.47 MHz, and a charge pump current of 224 µA. 473.5 pF Charge Pump Output 20 kW 15 kW VCO Control Figure 18. On-Chip PLL Loop Filter Topology Prescaler Divider and Feedback Divider The VCO output is routed to the prescaler divider and then to the feedback divider. The prescaler divider and feedback divider are set in tandem with each other, according to the control pin settings given in Table 4. The allowable combinations of the two dividers ensure that the VCO frequency and the PFD frequency are within the specified limits. 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 On-Chip VCO The CDCM61002 includes an on-chip, LC oscillator-based VCO with low phase noise covering a frequency range of 1.75 GHz to 2.05 GHz. The VCO must be calibrated to ensure proper operation over the valid device operating conditions. VCO calibration is controlled by a divided-down reference clock input. This calibration requires that the PLL be set up properly to lock the PLL loop and that the reference clock input be present. During the first device initialization after power-up, which occurs after the Power On Reset is released (2.64 V or lower, over valid device operating conditions) or a device reset with the RSTN pin, a VCO calibration sequence is initiated after 16384 × Reference Input Clock Cycles. The VCO calibration then takes about 20 µs over the allowable range of the reference clock input. The VCO calibration can also be reinitiated with a pulse on the RSTN pin at any time after POR is released on power-up; the RSTN pulse must be at least 100 ns wide. Output Divider The output from the prescaler divider is also routed to the output divider. The output divider can be set with control pins according to Table 5. Output Buffers Each output buffer can be set to LVPECL or LVDS or 2x LVCMOS, according to Table 6. OSC_OUT is an LVCMOS output that can be used in test mode to monitor proper loading of the input crystal in order to achieve the necessary crystal frequency with the least error. The output buffers are disabled during VCO calibration and are enabled only after calibration is complete. The output buffers on the CDCM61002 can also be disabled, along with other sections of the device, using the CE pin according to Table 7. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 21 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION Start-up Time Estimation The CDCM61002 startup time can be estimated based on the parameters defined in Table 10 and graphically shown in Figure 19. Table 10. Start-up Time Dependencies PARAMETER DEFINITION FORMULA/METHOD OF DETERMINATION DESCRIPTION 1 tREF Reference clock period The reciprocal of the applied reference frequency in seconds. tpul Power-up time (low limit) Power-supply rise time to low limit of Power On Reset (POR) trip point Time required for power supply to ramp to 2.27 V tpuh Power-up time (high limit) Power supply rise time to high limit of POR trip point Time required for power supply to ramp to 2.64 V trsu Reference start-up time After POR releases, the Colpits oscillator is enabled. This start-up time is required for the oscillator to generate the requisite signal levels for the delay block to be clocked by the reference input. 500 µs best-case and 800 µs worst-case (for a crystal input). 0 s (for an LVCMOS input). tdelay Delay time Internal delay time generated from the reference clock. This delay provides time for the reference oscillator to stabilize. tdelay= 16384 × tref tVCO_CAL VCO calibration time VCO Calibration Time generated from the reference clock. This process selects the operating point for the VCO based on the PLL settings. tVCO_CAL= 550 × tref tPLL_LOCK PLL lock time Time required for PLL to lock within ±10 ppm of fREF Based on the 400-kHz loop bandwidth, the PLL settles in 5τ or 12.5 µs. Power Supply (V) Power up Reference Startup Delay VCO Calibration tREF = fREF PLL Lock 2.64 V 2.27 V tpul trsu tpuh Time (s) tVCO_CAL tPLL_LOCK tdelay Figure 19. Start-up Time Dependencies 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 The CDCM61002 start-up time limits, tMAX and tMIN, can be calculated as follows: tMAX = tpuh + trsu + tdelay + tVCO_CAL + tPLL_LOCK tMIN = tpul + trsu + tdelay + tVCO_CAL + tPLL_LOCK Power Considerations As a result of the different possible configurations of the CDCM61002, Table 11 is intended to provide enough information on the estimated current consumption of the device. Unless otherwise noted, VCC = 3.3 V and TA = +25°C. Table 11. Estimated Block Power Consumption BLOCK Entire device, core current Output buffer Divide circuitry CONDITION CURRENT CONSUMPTION (mA) IN-DEVICE POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 65 214.5 Output off, no termination resistors LVPECL output, active mode 28 42.4 LVCMOS output pair, static 4.5 14.85 LVCMOS output pair, transient, 'CL' load, 'f' MHz output frequency V × fOUT × (CL + 20 × 10–12) × 103 V2 × fOUT × (CL + 20 × 10–12) × 103 LVDS output, active mode 20 66 Divide enabled, divide = 1 5 16.5 Divide enabled, divide = 2 10 33 Divide enabled, divide = 3, 4 15 49.5 Divide enabled, divide = 6, 8 20 66 EXTERNAL RESISTOR POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 50 From Table 11, the current consumption can be calculated for any configuration. For example, the current for the entire device with one LVPECL output in active mode can be calculated by adding up the following blocks: core current, LVPECL output buffer current, and the divide circuitry current. The overall in-device power consumption can also be calculated by summing the in-device power dissipated in each of these blocks. As an example scenario, let us consider the use case of a crystal input frequency of 25 MHz and device output frequency of 312.5 MHz in LVPECL mode. For this case, the typical overall power dissipation can be calculated as: 3.3 V × (65 + 2 × 28 + 10) mA = 429 mW Because the LVPECL output has external resistors and the power dissipated by these resistors is 50 mW, the typical overall in-device power dissipation is: 439 mW – 2 × 50 mW = 339 mW When the LVPECL output is active, the average voltage is approximately 1.9 V on each output as calculated from the LVPECL VOH and VOL specifications. Therefore, the power dissipated in each emitter resistor is approximately (1.9 V)2/150Ω = 25 mW. When the LVCMOS output is active and drives a load capacitance, CL, the overall LVCMOS output current consumption is the sum of a static pre-driver current and a dynamic switching current (which is a function of the output frequency and the load capacitance). Let us consider another use case of a crystal input frequency of 26.5625 MHz and device output frequency of 212.5 MHz in LVCMOS mode and driving a 5-pF load capacitance. For this case, the typical overall power dissipation can be calculated as: 3.3 V × (65 + 15 + 2 × 21.4) mA = 405.24 mW Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 23 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com Thermal Management Power consumption of the CDCM61002 can be high enough to require attention to thermal management. For reliability and performance reasons, the die temperature should be limited to a maximum of +125°C. That is, as an estimate, TA (ambient temperature) plus device power consumption times θJA should not exceed +125°C. The device package has an exposed pad that provides the primary heat removal path as well as an electrical grounding to the printed circuit board (PCB). To maximize the removal of heat from the package, a thermal land pattern including multiple vias to a ground plane must be incorporated on the PCB within the footprint of the package. The exposed pad must be soldered down to ensure adequate heat conduction out of the package. A recommended land and via pattern is shown in Figure 20. 3,0 mm (min) 0,3 mm (typ) 0,7 mm (typ) Figure 20. Recommended PCB Layout for CDCM61002 Power-Supply Filtering PLL-based frequency synthesizers are very sensitive to noise on the power supply, which can dramatically increase the jitter of the PLL. This characteristic is especially true for analog-based PLLs. Thus, it is essential to reduce noise from the system power supply, especially when jitter/phase noise is very critical to applications. A PLL would have attenuated jitter as a result of power-supply noise at frequencies beyond the PLL bandwidth because of attenuation by the loop response. Filter capacitors are used to eliminate the low-frequency noise from the power supply, where the bypass capacitors provide the very low impedance path for high-frequency noise and guard the power-supply system against the induced fluctuations. These bypass capacitors also provide instantaneous current surges as required by the device and should have low equivalent series resistance (ESR). To properly use these bypass capacitors, they must be placed very close to the power-supply pins and laid out with short loops to minimize inductance. It is recommended to add as many high-frequency (for example, 0.1-µF) bypass capacitors as there are supply pins in the package. The CDCM61002 power-supply requirements can be grouped into two sets: the analog supply line and the output/input supply line. The analog supply line consists of the following power-supply pins on the CDCM61002: VCC_PLL1, VCC_PLL2, and VCC_VCO. These pins can be shorted together. The output/input supply line consists of the VCC_OUT and the VCC_IN power-supply pins on the CDCM61002. These pins can be shorted together. Inserting a ferrite bead between the analog supply line and the output/input supply line isolates the high-frequency switching noises generated by the device input and outputs, preventing them from leaking into the sensitive analog supply line. Choosing an appropriate ferrite bead with very low dc resistance is important because it is imperative to provide adequate isolation between the sensitive analog supply line and the other board supply lines, and to maintain a voltage at the analog power-supply pins of the CDCM61002 that is greater than the minimum voltage required for proper operation. 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 Figure 21 shows a general recommendation for decoupling the power supply. Board/ Output/Input Supply Analog Supply Ferrite Bead C 10 mF C 0.1 mF (x3) C 10 mF C 0.1 mF (x3) Figure 21. Recommended Power-Supply Decoupling Output Termination The CDCM61002 is a 3.3-V clock driver with the following output options: LVPECL, LVDS, or LVCMOS. LVPECL Termination The CDCM61002 is an open emitter for LVPECL outputs. Therefore, proper biasing and termination are required to ensure correct operation of the device and to minimize signal integrity. The proper termination for LVPECL is 50 Ω to (VCC–2) V, but this dc voltage is not readily available on most PCBs. Thus, a Thevenin equivalent circuit is worked out for the LVPECL termination in both direct-coupled (dc) and ac-coupled cases, as shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23. It is recommended to place all resistive components close to either the driver end or the receiver end. If the supply voltage of the driver and receiver are different, ac-coupling is required. 130 W 130 W VCC_OUT VCC_OUT CDCM61002 LVPECL 82 W 82 W Figure 22. LVPECL Output DC Termination VBB CDCM61002 LVPECL 150 W 150 W 50 W 50 W Figure 23. LVPECL Output AC Termination Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 25 CDCM61002 SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009.................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com LVDS Termination The proper LVDS termination for signal integrity over two 50 Ω lines is 100 Ω between the outputs on the receiver end. Either dc-coupled termination or ac-coupled termination can be used for LVDS outputs, as shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25. It is recommended to place all resistive components close to either the driver end or the receiver end. If the supply voltage of the driver and the receiver are different, ac-coupling is required. 100 W CDCM61002 LVDS Figure 24. LVDS Output DC Termination 100 W CDCM61002 LVDS Figure 25. LVDS Output AC Termination LVCMOS Termination Series termination is a common technique used to maintain the signal integrity for LVCMOS drivers, if connected to a receiver with a high-impedance input with a pull-up or a pulldown resistor. For series termination, a series resistor (RS) is placed close to the driver, as shown in Figure 26. The sum of the driver impedance and RS should be close to the transmission line impedance, which is usually 50 Ω. Because the LVCMOS driver in the CDCM61002 has an impedance of 30 Ω, RS is recommended to be 22 Ω to maintain proper signal integrity. RS = 22 W CDCM61002 LVCMOS Figure 26. LVCMOS Output Termination 26 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 CDCM61002 www.ti.com.................................................................................................................................................... SCAS870B – FEBRUARY 2009 – REVISED JULY 2009 Interfacing Between LVPECL and HCSL Because the LVPECL common-mode voltage is different from the HCSL common-mode voltage, ac-coupled termination is used. The 150-Ω resistor ensures proper biasing of the CDCM61002 LVPECL output stage, while the 471-Ω and 56-Ω resistor network biases the HCSL receiver input stage, as shown in Figure 27. 471 W 471 W VCC_OUT VCC_OUT 0W CDCM61002 HCSL 0W 150 W 150 W 56 W 56 W Figure 27. LVPECL to HCSL Interface space Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision A (May, 2009) to Revision B ..................................................................................................... Page • • • • Added sentence about parallel resonant crystal to last paragraph of Crystal Input Interface section................................. Updated Figure 22 ............................................................................................................................................................... Revised text in LVCMOS Termination section..................................................................................................................... Updated Figure 27 ............................................................................................................................................................... 19 25 26 27 Changes from Original (February, 2009) to Revision A ................................................................................................. Page • Added Interfacing Between LVPECL and HCSL section..................................................................................................... 27 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): CDCM61002 27 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 20-Jul-2009 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty CDCM61002RHBR ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR CDCM61002RHBT ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 250 CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. 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Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 21-Jul-2009 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel Diameter Width (mm) W1 (mm) A0 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant CDCM61002RHBR QFN RHB 32 3000 330.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.5 8.0 12.0 Q2 CDCM61002RHBT QFN RHB 32 250 180.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.5 8.0 12.0 Q2 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 21-Jul-2009 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) CDCM61002RHBR QFN RHB 32 3000 346.0 346.0 29.0 CDCM61002RHBT QFN RHB 32 250 190.5 212.7 31.8 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. 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