TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 D D D D D D D D D 100-mA Low-Dropout Regulator Available in 1.5-V, 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 2.8-V, 3.0-V Output Noise Typically 56 µVRMS (TPS78930) Only 17 µA Quiescent Current at 100 mA 1 µA Quiescent Current in Standby Mode Dropout Voltage Typically 115 mV at 100 mA (TPS78930) Over Current Limitation –40°C to 125°C Operating Junction Temperature Range 5-Pin SOT-23 (DBV) Package DBV PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) IN 1 GND 2 EN 3 5 OUT 4 BYPASS TPS78930 GROUND CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 21 VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF 20 The usual PNP pass transistor has been replaced by a PMOS pass element. Because the PMOS pass element behaves as a low-value resistor, the dropout voltage is very low, typically 115 mV at 100 mA of load current (TPS78930), and is directly proportional to the load current. The quiescent current is ultralow (17 µA typically) and is stable over the entire range of output load current (0 mA to 100 mA). Intended for use in portable systems such as laptops and cellular phones, the ultralow-dropout voltage feature and ultralow-power operation result in a significant increase in system battery operating life. 19 IO = 100 mA IO = 1 mA 18 17 16 15 14 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C TPS78930 OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 1200 Output Spectral Noise Density – nV/ Hz The TPS789xx family of low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulators offers the benefits of low-dropout voltage, ultralow-power operation, low-output noise, and miniaturized packaging. These regulators feature low-dropout voltages and ultralow quiescent current compared to conventional LDO regulators. An internal resistor, in conjunction with an external bypass capacitor, creates a low-pass filter to reduce the noise. The TPS78930 exhibits only 56 µVRMS of output voltage noise using 0.01 µF bypass and 10 µF output capacitors. Offered in a 5-terminal small outline integrated-circuit SOT-23 package, the TPS789xx series devices are ideal for micropower operations, low output noise, and where board space is limited. Ground Current – µ A description VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF C(byp) = 0.1 µF 1000 800 600 IO = 100 mA 400 200 0 100 IO = 1 mA 1k 10k f – Frequency – Hz 100k Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 description (continued) The TPS789xx also features a logic-enabled sleep mode to shut down the regulator, reducing quiescent current to 1 µA typical at TJ = 25°C. The TPS789xx is offered in 1.5 V, 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 2.8 V, and 3.0 V. AVAILABLE OPTIONS VOLTAGE TJ PACKAGE 1.5 V 1.8 V –40°C to 125°C 2.5 V SOT-23 SOT 23 (DBV) 2.8 V 3.0 V † The DBVT indicates tape and reel of 250 parts. ‡ The DBVR indicates tape and reel of 3000 parts. PART NUMBER TPS78915DBVT† TPS78915DBVR‡ TPS78918DBVT† TPS78918DBVR‡ TPS78925DBVT† TPS78925DBVR‡ TPS78928DBVT† TPS78930DBVT† TPS78928DBVR‡ TPS78930DBVR‡ SYMBOL PDWI PDXI PDYI PDZI PEAI functional block diagram TPS78915/18/25/28/30 OUT IN EN 150 k Current Limit / Thermal Protection Vref GND Bypass Terminal Functions TERMINAL I/O DESCRIPTION 4 I The external bypass capacitor, in conjunction with an internal resistor, creates a low-pass filter to further reduce regulator noise. EN 3 I Active low enable. GND 2 IN 1 I The IN terminal is the input to the device. OUT 5 O The OUT terminal is the regulated output of the device. NAME NO. BYPASS 2 Regulator ground POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 detail description The TPS789xx uses a PMOS pass element to dramatically reduce both dropout voltage and supply current over more conventional PNP-pass-element LDO designs. The PMOS pass element is a voltage-controlled device and, unlike a PNP transistor, it does not require increased drive current as output current increases. Supply current in the TPS789xx is essentially constant from no load to maximum load. The TPS789xx family of low-dropout (LDO) regulators have been optimized for use in battery-operated equipment. They feature extremely low dropout voltages, low output noise, low quiescent current (17 µA typically), and enable inputs to reduce supply currents to 1 µA when the regulators are turned off. The internal voltage reference is a key source of noise in a LDO regulator. The TPS789xx has a BYPASS pin which is connected to the voltage reference through a 150-kΩ internal resistor. The 150-kΩ internal resistor, in conjunction with an external bypass capacitor connected to the BYPASS pin, creates a low pass filter to reduce the voltage reference noise and, therefore, the noise at the regulator output. Note that the output will start up slower as the bypass capacitance increases due to the RC time constant at the bypass pin that is created by the internal 150-kΩ resistor and external capacitor. Current limiting and thermal protection prevent damage by excessive output current and/or power dissipation. The device switches into a constant-current mode at approximately 350 mA; further load reduces the output voltage instead of increasing the output current. The thermal protection shuts the regulator off if the junction temperature rises above approximately 165°C. Recovery is automatic when the junction temperature drops approximately 25°C below the high temperature trip point. The PMOS pass element includes a back gate diode that conducts reverse current when the input voltage level drops below the output voltage level. A voltage of 1.7 V or greater on the EN input will disable the TPS789xx internal circuitry, reducing the supply current to 1 µA. A voltage of less than 0.9 V on the EN input will enable the TPS789xx and will enable normal operation to resume. The EN input does not include any deliberate hysteresis, and it exhibits an actual switching threshold of approximately 1.5 V. absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)Ĕ Input voltage range (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 0.3 V to 13.5 V Voltage range at EN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VI + 0.3 V Voltage on OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V Peak output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internally limited ESD rating, HBM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 kV Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 40°C to 150°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal. DISSIPATION RATING TABLE BOARD PACKAGE RθJC RθJA DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C TA ≤ 25°C POWER RATING TA = 70°C POWER RATING TA = 85°C POWER RATING Low K‡ High K§ DBV 65.8 °C/W 259 °C/W 3.9 mW/°C 386 mW 212 mW 154 mW DBV 65.8 °C/W 180 °C/W 5.6 mW/°C 555 mW 305 mW 222 mW ‡ The JEDEC Low K (1s) board design used to derive this data was a 3 inch x 3 inch, two layer board with 2 ounce copper traces on top of the board. § The JEDEC High K (2s2p) board design used to derive this data was a 3 inch x 3 inch, multilayer board with 1 ounce internal power and ground planes and 2 ounce copper traces on top and bottom of the board. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 recommended operating conditions MIN Input voltage, VI (see Note 2) Continuous output current, IO (see Note 3) Operating junction temperature, TJ NOM MAX UNIT 2.7 10 V 0 100 mA –40 125 °C NOTES: 2. To calculate the minimum input voltage for your maximum output current, use the following formula: VI(min) = VO(max) + VDO (max load) 3. Continuous output current and operating junction temperature are limited by internal protection circuitry, but it is not recommended that the device operate under conditions beyond those specified in this table for extended periods of time. electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI = VO(typ) + 1 V, IO = 1 mA, EN = 0 V, Co = 4.7 µF (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER Output voltage (see Note 4) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TPS78915 TJ = 25°C, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 2.7 V < VI < 10 V 2.7 V < VI < 10 V TPS78918 TJ = 25°C, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 2.8 V < VI < 10 V TPS78925 TJ = 25°C, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 3.5 V < VI < 10 V 2.425 TPS78928 TJ = 25°C, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 3.8 V < VI < 10 V 3.8 V < VI < 10 V 2.716 TPS78930 TJ = 25°C, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 4.0 V < VI < 10 V 4.0 V < VI < 10 V 2.910 EN = 0 V, TJ = 25°C 10 µA < IO < 100 mA, EN = 0 V, TJ = –40°C to 125°C IO = 100 mA, EN = 0 V, TJ = 25°C IO = See Note 4 Quiescent current (GND current) (see Notes 4 and 5) Load regulation 2.8 V < VI < 10 V Output voltage line regulation (∆VO/VO) (see Note 5) BW = 300 Hz to 50 kHz, C(byp) = 0.01 µF Co = 10 µF, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C Output current limit VO = 0 V, EN = VI, See Note 4 UNIT 1.545 1.8 1.746 1.854 2.5 2.575 V 2.8 2.884 3 3.090 17 µA 28 12 mV 0.04 %/V VO + 1 V < VI ≤ 10 V, TJ = –40°C to 125°C, See Note 4 Output noise voltage (TPS78930) MAX 1.5 1.455 3.5 V < VI < 10 V VO + 1 V < VI ≤ 10 V, TJ = 25°C, See Note 4 TYP 0.1 µVRMS 56 350 750 mA 2.7 < VI < 10 V 1 µA TJ = –40°C to 125°C 2 µA NOTES: 4. The minimum IN operating voltage is 2.7 V or VO(typ) + 1 V, whichever is greater. The maximum IN voltage is 10 V. The minimum output current is 10 µA and the maximum output current is 100 mA. 5. If VO ≤ 1.8 V then VImin = 2.7 V, VImax = 10 V: Standby current Line Reg. (mV) + ǒ%ńVǓ V O ǒ V ǒ Ǔ * 2.7 V Imax 100 1000 If VO ≥ 2.5 V then VImin = VO + 1 V, VImax = 10 V: Line Reg. (mV) 4 + ǒ%ńVǓ V O V Imax * ǒ V O ǓǓ )1 V 100 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 1000 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI = VO(typ) + 1 V, IO = 1 mA, EN = 0 V, Co = 4.7 µF (unless otherwise noted) (continued) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS High level enable input voltage 2.7 V < VI < 10 V Low level enable input voltage 2.7 V < VI < 10 V Power supply ripple rejection (TPS78930) f = 1 kHz, TJ = 25°C, Input current (EN) TPS78928 Dropout voltage (see Note 6) TPS78930 MIN TYP MAX UNIT 1.7 V 0.9 Co = 10 µF, C(byp) = 0.01 µF V 85 EN = 0 V –1 EN = VI –1 0 IO = 50 mA, IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C TJ = –40°C to 125°C 60 IO = 100 mA, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C TJ = –40°C to 125°C 122 IO = 50 mA, IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C TJ = –40°C to 125°C 57 IO = 100 mA, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C TJ = –40°C to 125°C 115 dB 1 µA 1 µA 125 245 mV 115 230 NOTE 6. IN voltage equals VO(typ) – 100 mV; The TPS78930 output voltage is set to 2.9 V. The TPS78915, TPS78918, and TPS78925 dropout voltage is limited by the input voltage range limitations. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE VO Zo VDO VO Output voltage vs Output current 1, 2, 3 vs Junction temperature 4, 5, 6 Ground current vs Junction temperature Output spectral noise density vs Frequency Root mean squared output noise vs Bypass capacitance 11 Output impedance vs Frequency 12 Dropout voltage vs Junction temperature 13 Ripple rejection vs Frequency 14 – 16 Output voltage, enable voltage vs Time (start-up) 17 – 19 Line transient response 7 8 – 10 20, 22 Load transient response 21, 23 Equivalent series resistance (ESR) POST OFFICE BOX 655303 vs Output current • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 24, 25 5 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78925 TPS78915 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 1.515 2.515 VI = 3.5 V Co = 4.7 µF TJ = 25° C 1.510 VO – Output Voltage – V VO – Output Voltage – V 2.510 VI = 2.7 V Co = 4.7 µF TJ = 25° C 2.505 2.500 2.495 1.505 1.500 1.495 1.490 2.490 1.485 2.485 0 20 40 60 80 0 100 20 40 Figure 1 TPS78930 TPS78915 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 100 1.515 VI = 2.7 V Co = 4.7 µF VI = 4.0 V Co = 4.7 µF TJ = 25° C 1.510 VO – Output Voltage – V 3.010 VO – Output Voltage – V 80 Figure 2 3.015 3.005 3.000 2.995 2.990 IO = 1 mA 1.505 1.500 1.495 IO = 100 mA 1.490 2.985 0 20 40 60 80 IO – Output Current – mA 100 1.480 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 Figure 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 3 6 60 IO – Output Current – mA IO – Output Current – mA • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78925 TPS78930 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 2.515 VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF 3.010 IO = 1 mA VO – Output Voltage – V VO – Output Voltage – V 2.510 3.015 VI = 3.5 V Co = 4.7 µF 2.505 2.500 IO = 100 mA 2.495 2.490 3.005 IO = 1 mA 3.000 IO = 100 mA 2.995 2.990 2.485 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 2.985 –40 –25 –10 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 5 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TPS78930 TPS78930 GROUND CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY Hz 1200 nV/ VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF Output Spectral Noise Density – Ground Current – µ A 19 20 Figure 6 21 20 5 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C IO = 100 mA IO = 1 mA 18 17 16 15 14 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF C(byp) = 0.1 µF 1000 800 600 IO = 100 mA 400 200 IO = 1 mA 0 100 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 1k 10k f – Frequency – Hz 100k Figure 8 Figure 7 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78930 TPS78930 OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 2 VI = 4 V Co = 10 µF C(byp) = 0.1 µF 700 Output Spectral Noise Density – µ V/ Hz Output Spectral Noise Density – nV/ Hz 800 600 500 400 IO = 100 mA 300 IO = 1 mA 200 100 VI = 4.3 V 0 100 1k 10k f – Frequency – Hz VI = 4 V IO = 100 mA Co= 10 µF 1.8 1.6 1.4 C(byp) = 0.001 µF 1.2 1 C(byp) = 0.01 µF 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 C(byp) = 0.1 µF 0 100 100k 1k 10k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 10 Figure 9 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY 2 300 1.8 250 200 150 VO = 3 V 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 IO = 1 mA 0.4 50 IO = 100 mA 0.2 VO = 1.5 V 0 0.00001 VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF 1.6 Zo – Output Impedance – Ω RMS – Root Mean Squared Output Noise – µ V(RMS) ROOT MEAN SQUARED OUTPUT NOISE vs BYPASS CAPACITANCE 100 0.1 0.0001 0.001 0.01 C(bypass) – Bypass Capacitance – µF 1 0 10 100 1k 10 k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 11 8 100k Figure 12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 100 k 1M TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78930 TPS78930 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE RIPPLE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 120 135 125 VI = 2.9 V, Co = 4.7 µF IO = 100 mA 110 VDO – Dropout Voltage – mV 115 VI = 4 V Co = 10 µF C(byp) = 0.1 µF 100 Ripple Rejection – dB 105 95 85 75 65 55 45 35 90 IO = 1 mA 80 70 60 50 IO = 100 mA 40 25 30 IO = 1 mA 15 20 10 5 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 100 1k TPS78930 TPS78930 RIPPLE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 120 100 110 IO = 1 mA 80 100 Ripple Rejection – dB Ripple Rejection – dB 1M Figure 14 RIPPLE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 70 60 50 IO = 100 mA 40 30 20 1k 10 k 100 k 90 IO = 1 mA 80 70 60 IO = 100 mA 50 30 0 100 VI = 4 V Co = 10 µF C(byp) = 0.001 µF 40 VI = 4 V Co = 10 µF C(byp) = 0.01 µF 10 10 100 k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 13 90 10 k 1M 20 10 100 1k 10 k f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz Figure 15 Figure 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 100 k 1M 9 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78930 Enable Voltage – V OUTPUT VOLTAGE, ENABLE VOLTAGE vs TIME (START-UP) 5 0 VO – Output Voltage – V 3 2 VI = 4 V VO = 3 V IO = 100 mA C(byp) = 0.01 µF VI = 4 V Co = 10 µF C = 4.7 µF TJ = 25°CO 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 t – Time – ms 7 8 9 10 TPS78930 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, ENABLE VOLTAGE vs TIME (START-UP) Enable Voltage – V TPS78930 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, ENABLE VOLTAGE vs TIME (START-UP) 5 0 3 VO – Output Voltage – V VO – Output Voltage – V Enable Voltage – V Figure 17 2 VI = 4 V VO = 3 V IO = 100 mA C(byp) = 0.001 µF Co = 10 µF TJ = 25°C 1 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 t – Time – ms 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 5 0 C(byp) = 0.001 µF C(byp) = 0.01 µF 2 VI = 4 V VO = 3 V IO = 100 mA Co = 10 µF TJ = 25°C 1 0 0 10 Figure 18 10 C(byp) = 0.1 µF 3 20 30 40 50 60 t – Time – ms Figure 19 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 70 80 90 100 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TPS78915 LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE Current Load – mA TPS78915 LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE 20 0 –20 ∆ VO – Change In Output Voltage – mV VI – Input Voltage – V VO – Output Voltage – mV TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 3.7 2.7 IO = 10 mA Co = 4.7 µF 0 20 40 60 100 0 0 –200 VI = 2.7 V Co = 10 µF –400 0 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 t – Time – µs 20 40 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 t – Time – µs Figure 21 TPS78930 LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE I O – Output Current – mA TPS78930 LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE IO = 10 mA Co = 4.7 µF 5 4.5 4 100 0 100 ∆ VO – Change In Output Voltage – mV VO – Output Voltage – mV VI – Input Voltage – V Figure 20 60 20 0 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 t – Time – µs 0 –100 VI = 4 V Co = 4.7 µF –200 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 t – Time – µs Figure 23 Figure 22 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS78930 TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY TPS78930 TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR) vs OUTPUT CURRENT EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR) vs OUTPUT CURRENT 100 VIN = 4 V VO = 3 V Co = 4.7 µF Region of Instability 10 Region of Stability 1 0.1 ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance – Ω ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance – Ω 100 VIN = 4 V VO = 3 V Co = 10 µF Region of Instability 10 1 Region of Stability 0.1 0 25 50 75 100 0 50 Figure 25 Figure 24 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 75 IO – Output Current – mA IO – Output Current – mA 12 25 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 100 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION The TPS789xx family of low-dropout (LDO) regulators have been optimized for use in battery-operated equipment. They feature extremely low dropout voltages, low output noise, low quiescent current (17 µA typically), and enable inputs to reduce supply currents to 1 µA when the regulators are turned off. A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 26. TPS789xx 1 VI IN BYPASS OUT 1 µF 4 5 VO 3 .01 µF EN + GND 4.7 µF ESR = 0.2 Ω 2 Figure 26. Typical Application Circuit external capacitor requirements Although not required, a 0.047-µF or larger ceramic input bypass capacitor, connected between IN and GND and located close to the TPS789xx, is recommended to improve transient response and noise rejection. A higher-value electrolytic input capacitor may be necessary if large, fast-rise-time load transients are anticipated and the device is located several inches from the power source. Like all low dropout regulators, the TPS789xx requires an output capacitor connected between OUT and GND to stabilize the internal control loop. The minimum recommended capacitance is 4.7 µF. The ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the capacitor should be between 0.2 Ω and 10 Ω. to ensure stability. Capacitor values larger than 4.7 µF are acceptable, and allow the use of smaller ESR values. Capacitances less than 4.7 µF are not recommended because they require careful selection of ESR to ensure stability. Solid tantalum electrolytic, aluminum electrolytic, and multilayer ceramic capacitors are all suitable, provided they meet the requirements described above. Most of the commercially available 4.7 µF surface-mount solid tantalum capacitors, including devices from Sprague, Kemet, and Nichico, meet the ESR requirements stated above. Multilayer ceramic capacitors may have very small equivalent series resistances and may thus require the addition of a low value series resistor to ensure stability. CAPACITOR SELECTION PART NO. MAX ESR† SIZE (H × L × W)† MFR. VALUE T494B475K016AS KEMET 4.7 µF 1.5 Ω 1.9 × 3.5 × 2.8 195D106x0016x2T SPRAGUE 10 µF 1.5 Ω 1.3 × 7.0 × 2.7 695D106x003562T SPRAGUE 10 µF 1.3 Ω 2.5 × 7.6 × 2.5 TPSC475K035R0600 AVX 4.7 µF 0.6 Ω 2.6 × 6.0 × 3.2 † Size is in mm. The ESR maximum resistance is in ohms at 100 kHz and TA = 25°C. Contact the manufacturer for the minimum ESR values. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION external capacitor requirements (continued) The external bypass capacitor, used in conjunction with an internal resistor to form a low-pass filter, should be a low ESR ceramic capacitor. For example, the TPS78930 exhibits only 56 µVRMS of output voltage noise using a 0.01 µF ceramic bypass capacitor and a10 µF ceramic output capacitors. Note that the output will start up slower as the bypass capacitance increases due to the RC time constant at the bypass pin that is created by the internal 150 kΩ resistor and external capacitor. power dissipation and junction temperature Specified regulator operation is assured to a junction temperature of 125°C; the maximum junction temperature should be restricted to 125°C under normal operating conditions. This restriction limits the power dissipation the regulator can handle in any given application. To ensure the junction temperature is within acceptable limits, calculate the maximum allowable dissipation, PD(max), and the actual dissipation, PD, which must be less than or equal to PD(max). The maximum-power-dissipation limit is determined using the following equation: P T max * T J A + D(max) R qJA Where: TJmax is the maximum allowable junction temperature. RθJA is the thermal resistance junction-to-ambient for the package, see the dissipation rating table. TA is the ambient temperature. ǒ Ǔ The regulator dissipation is calculated using: P D + VI * VO I O Power dissipation resulting from quiescent current is negligible. Excessive power dissipation will trigger the thermal protection circuit. regulator protection The TPS789xx PMOS-pass transistor has a built-in back diode that conducts reverse current when the input voltage drops below the output voltage (e.g., during power down). Current is conducted from the output to the input and is not internally limited. If extended reverse voltage operation is anticipated, external limiting might be appropriate. The TPS789xx features internal current limiting and thermal protection. During normal operation, the TPS789xx limits output current to approximately 350 mA. When current limiting engages, the output voltage scales back linearly until the overcurrent condition ends. While current limiting is designed to prevent gross device failure, care should be taken not to exceed the power dissipation ratings of the package. If the temperature of the device exceeds approximately 165°C, thermal-protection circuitry shuts it down. Once the device has cooled down to below approximately 140°C, regulator operation resumes. 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS78915, TPS78918, TPS78925, TPS78928, TPS78930 ULTRALOW-POWER LOW-NOISE 100-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS SLVS300A – SEPTEMBER 2000 – REVISED MAY 2001 MECHANICAL DATA DBV (R-PDSO-G5) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE 0,50 0,30 0,95 5 0,20 M 4 1,70 1,50 1 0,15 NOM 3,00 2,60 3 Gage Plane 3,00 2,80 0,25 0°–8° 0,55 0,35 Seating Plane 1,45 0,95 0,05 MIN 0,10 4073253-4/F 10/00 NOTES: A. B. C. D. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion. Falls within JEDEC MO-178 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 15 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, license, warranty or endorsement thereof. Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations and notices. Representation or reproduction of this information with alteration voids all warranties provided for an associated TI product or service, is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use. Resale of TI’s products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service, is an unfair and deceptive business practice, and TI is not responsible nor liable for any such use. Also see: Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale for Semiconductor Products. www.ti.com/sc/docs/stdterms.htm Mailing Address: Texas Instruments Post Office Box 655303 Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated