RF2449 Preliminary 8 CDMA/FM LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/MIXER 900MHZ DOWNCONVERTER Typical Applications • CDMA/FM Cellular Systems • General Purpose Downconverter • Supports Dual-Mode CDMA/AMPS • Commercial and Consumer Systems • Supports Dual-Mode CDMA/TACS • Portable Battery-Powered Equipment Product Description 0.157 0.150 The RF2449 is a receiver front-end designed for the receive section of dual-mode CDMA/FM cellular applications. It is designed to amplify and downconvert RF signals, while providing 30dB of stepped gain control range. Features include digital control of LNA gain, mixer gain, LNA IIP3, and power down mode. Another feature of the chip is adjustable IIP3 of the LNA and mixer using an offchip current setting resistor. The LNA IIP3 can be digitally controlled between two levels to reduce current draw in CDMA standby and other conditions where high IIP3 is not required. Noise Figure, IP3, and other specs are designed to be compatible with the IS-98 specification for CDMA cellular communications. The IC is manufactured on an advanced Silicon Bipolar process and packaged in an SSOP-24. 1 !Si Bi-CMOS GaAs HBT GaAs MESFET SiGe HBT Si CMOS 0.012 0.008 0.344 0.337 0.025 0.0688 0.0532 0.2440 0.2284 8 0.050 0.016 0.0098 0.0075 Package Style: SSOP-24 Features ENABLE 1 24 LO IN • Complete Receiver Front-End IP SET 2 23 GND2 • Stepped LNA/Mixer Gain Control IF SEL 3 22 GND2 LNA GAIN 4 21 VCC2 MIX GAIN 5 20 IF2+ LNA IN 6 19 IF2- VCC1 7 18 BYPASS GND1B 8 17 IF1- GND1A 9 16 IF1+ LNA OUT 10 15 GND3A 11 14 MIX IN 12 13 GND3B Functional Block Diagram Rev A4 001016 FRONT-ENDS 8°MAX 0°MIN Optimum Technology Matching® Applied Si BJT 0.0098 0.0040 • Adjustable LNA/Mixer Bias Current • Adjustable LNA/Mixer IIP3 • Digital LNA IIP3 Control • Meets IS-98 IMD and Single Tone Ordering Information RF2449 RF2449 PCBA CDMA/FM Low Noise Amplifier/Mixer 900MHz Downconverter Fully Assembled Evaluation Board RF Micro Devices, Inc. 7625 Thorndike Road Greensboro, NC 27409, USA Tel (336) 664 1233 Fax (336) 664 0454 http://www.rfmd.com 8-75 RF2449 Preliminary Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Supply Voltage Input LO and RF Levels Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Parameter Rating Unit -0.5 to +5.0 +6 -40 to +85 -40 to +150 VDC dBm °C °C Specification Min. Typ. Max. Caution! ESD sensitive device. RF Micro Devices believes the furnished information is correct and accurate at the time of this printing. However, RF Micro Devices reserves the right to make changes to its products without notice. RF Micro Devices does not assume responsibility for the use of the described product(s). Unit Condition T = 25°C, VCC =2.75V, RF=880MHz, LO=990MHz@0dBm, IF = 110MHz, VIPSET <1.0V Overall RF Frequency Range LO Frequency Range IF Frequency Range 869 to 894 760 to 1010 0.1 to 250 MHz MHz MHz LNA - High Gain Mode Gain Noise Figure IIP3 LNA Out to Mixer in Isolation Current FRONT-ENDS 8 14 15 2.3 +6 40 3.5 2.5 dB dB dBm dB mA IIP3 is adjustable. LNA Bypass Gain Noise Figure IIP3 Current -6.3 6.3 20 0 dB dB dBm mA 13 6.5 +3 dB dB dBm dB mA Mixer - High Gain Mode Gain Noise Figure IIP3 RF to IF Isolation Current 3kΩ balanced load. 12 +2 29 7.5 21 Mixer - Low Gain Mode Gain Noise Figure IIP3 RF to IF Isolation Current IIP3 is adjustable - See Data Plots. 3kΩ balanced load. 3 +12 35.5 4 13 +13 14 16 dB dB dBm dB mA IIP3 is adjustable - See Data Plots. Local Oscillator Input Input Level LO to IF Isolation LO to RF Isolation LO to LNA Input Isolation -10 40 40 35 -3 24 25 2.9 -9 0 dBm dB dB dB Cascade (Mode 1) Gain Noise Figure IIP3 -10 27 dB dB dBm Cascade (Mode 2) Gain Noise Figure IIP3 8-76 16.0 4.7 0 dB dB dBm Any gain state. (LNA Gain High, Mix Gain High) With -3dB image rejection filter. 3kΩ balanced IF load. Single sideband. (LNA Gain High, Mix Gain Low) With -3dB image rejection filter. 3kΩ balanced IF load. Single sideband. Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary Parameter Specification Min. Typ. Max. Unit Cascade (Mode 3) Gain Noise Figure IIP3 3.5 16 +11.8 dB dB dBm Cascade (Mode 4) Gain Noise Figure IIP3 +16.0 -5 22.5 +18.0 2.65 2.75 dB dB dBm Condition (LNA Gain Low, Mix Gain High) With -3dB image rejection filter. 3kΩ balanced IF load. Single sideband. (LNA Gain Low, Mix Gain Low) With -3dB image rejection filter. 3kΩ balanced IF load. Single sideband. Power Supply Voltage Power Down Current 3.9 10 V µA Enable<1.0V FRONT-ENDS 8 Rev A4 001016 8-77 RF2449 Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 Function ENABLE IP SET IF SEL LNA GAIN MIX GAIN LNA IN Preliminary Description This pin is used to enable or disable the RF2449. A logic high (>2.0V) enables the circuitry. A logic low (<1.0V) disables the circuitry. Interface Schematic ENABLE Controls the setting of the LNA current. A logic low (<1.0V) selects the internal resistance (49.5kΩ), resulting in an LNA current of 3.5mA. A logic high (>2.0V) selects the external resistance at pin 12. IP SET Determines which IF port is active. A logic low (<1.0V) activates IF1 and deactivates IF2. A logic high (>2.0V) activates IF2 and deactivates IF1. IF SEL Controls the bypass feature of the LNA. A logic low (<1.0V) selects the bypass mode. A logic high (>2.0V) turns on the LNA. LNA GAIN Controls the bypass feature of the mixer pre-amp. A logic low (<1.0V) selects the bypass mode. A logic high (>2.0V) turns on the pre-amp. MIX GAIN LNA input pin. LNA OUT MIX GAIN FRONT-ENDS 8 GND1B 7 8 9 10 11 VCC1 GND1B GND1A LNA OUT ISET2 12 ISET1 13 GND3B VCC pin for all circuits except the LO. LNA ground pin. See pin 6. Package ground pin. LNA output pin. See pin 6. An external resistor connected to this pin sets the current of the preamp and the mixer. An external resistor connected to this pin sets the current of the LNA when IP SET is high (see pin 2). Ground pin for pre-amp circuit. VCC2 MIX IN GND3B 14 15 16 8-78 MIX IN GND3A IF1+ Mixer pre-amp input pin. See pin 13. Ground pin for the mixer circuits. First differential output pin for the first mixer. IF1- IF1+ Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary Pin 17 18 19 Function IF1BYPASS IF2+ 20 21 22 23 24 IF2VCC2 GND2 GND2 LO IN Description Interface Schematic Second differential output pin for the first mixer. See pin 16. Bypass pin for the LO bias reference. First differential output pin for the second mixer. Second differential output pin for the second mixer. IF2- IF2+ See pin 20. VCC pin for the LO circuits. Ground pin for the LO circuits. Ground pin for the LO circuits. Local oscillator input pin. LO IN FRONT-ENDS 8 Rev A4 001016 8-79 RF2449 Preliminary Application Schematic VCC 100 pF LO IN 56 Ω 1 nF L2 C2 L1 ENABLE C1 IP SET 1 24 2 23 3 22 4 21 5 20 6 19 7 18 8 17 9 16 10 15 11 14 12 13 IF SEL C1 Filter IF2+ IF2- L R LNA GAIN MIX GAIN 30 nH RF IN 6.8 nH VCC 1 nF 33 nF 6.8 nH 510 Ω 100 pF 100 pF * 3.0 pF 8 C1 L1 22 kΩ 33 kΩ FRONT-ENDS R C2 L Filter IF+ 1.5 nH 33 nF C1 IF- L2 VCC RF SAW Filter 1 nF 22 nH *NOTE: Microstrip Inductor, ZO = 50 Ω, L = 100 mils Suggested component values for 85.38 MHz IF and ROUT = 1 kΩ: L1 = 470 nH C1 = 10 pF R = 7.5 kΩ Output Interface Network L1, C1 and R form a current combiner which performs a differential to single-ended conversion at the IF frequency and sets the output impedance. In most cases, the resonance frequency is independent of R and can be set according to the following equation: 1 f IF = ----------------------------------------------L1 2π ------ ( C1 + C EQ ) 2 Where CEQ is the equivalent stray capacitance and capacitance looking into pins 16 and 17. An average value to use for CEQ is 2.5pF. R may then be used to set the output impedance according to the following equation: 8-80 1 –1 1 R = --------------------- – ------ 4 ⋅ R OUT R P where ROUT is the desired output impedance and RP is the parasitic equivalent parallel resistance of L1. C1 should be chosen as high as possible, while maintaining an RP of L1 that allows for the desired ROUT. L2 and C2 serve dual purposes. L2 serves as an output bias choke, and C2 serves as a series DC block. In addition, L2 and C2 may be chosen to form an impedance matching network if the input impedance of the IF filter is not equal to ROUT. Otherwise, L2 is chosen to be large and C2 is chosen to be large if a DC path to ground is present in the IF filter, or omitted if the filter is DC blocked. Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary Evaluation Board Schematic (Download Bill of Materials from www.rfmd.com.) 313 ps Electrical Delay @ 880 MHz 0.09 dB Line Loss P2 P1 P1-3 1 IP SET 1 LNA GAIN 2 3 GND 2 GND ENABLE P2-3 3 IF SEL P2-1 CON3 P3-3 C20 22 pF CON3 1 NC 2 GND 3 MIX GAIN P4-1 P4-3 CON3 1 VCC1 2 GND 3 VCC2 J6 LO IN VCC2 50 Ω µstrip R6 56 Ω C19 100 pF VCC1 L8 220 nH C12 100 pF C13 1 nF 50 Ω µstrip CON3 ENABLE IP SET 1 24 2 23 3 22 4 21 5 20 6 19 7 18 8 17 9 16 10 15 11 14 12 13 50 Ω µstrip C14 8 pF 50 Ω µstrip 268 ps Electrical Delay @ 110 MHz 0.025 dB Line Loss IF SEL 50 Ω µstrip LNA GAIN 50 Ω µstrip MIX GAIN L1 6.8 nH 440 ps Electrical Delay @ 880 MHz 0.14 dB Line Loss J1 LNA IN J5 IF2 OUT 50 Ω µstrip L2 30 nH C1 33 nF C3 100 pF VCC1 50 Ω µstrip J2 LNA OUT C6 3.0 pF C4 1 nF C5 100 pF * R1 510 Ω R2 22 kΩ R3 33 kΩ C7 5 pF 50 Ω µstrip 2449400A L7 470 nH 50 Ω µstrip R4 5.6 kΩ C8 5 pF 50 Ω µstrip C9 8 pF 268 ps Electrical Delay @ 110 MHz 0.025 dB Line Loss 50 Ω µstrip L4 1.5 nH 50 Ω µstrip L6 220 nH 50 Ω µstrip C10 100 pF C11 1 nF VCC1 50 Ω µstrip C17 33 nF Rev A4 001016 J4 IF1 OUT 50 Ω µstrip NOTE: LE Microstrip Inductor, ZO = 50 Ω, L = 100 mils For IF Freq. = 85 MHz C14, C15, C5, C6 = 8 pF L6 and L8 = 470 nH C7 and C13 = 15 pF C16 5 pF C18 100 pF 50 Ω µstrip L3 6.8 nH VCC2 R5 5.6 kΩ 50 Ω µstrip C2 1 nF 410 ps Electrical Delay @ 880 MHz 0.13 dB Line Loss L9 470 nH 50 Ω µstrip 50 Ω µstrip C15 5 pF 50 Ω µstrip L5 22 nH 50 Ω µstrip J3 MIXER IN 290 ps Electrical Delay @ 880 MHz 0.07 dB Line Loss 8-81 8 FRONT-ENDS P1-1 P4 P3 RF2449 Preliminary Evaluation Board Layout Board Size 2.0" x 2.0" Board Thickness 0.040”, Board Material FR-4, Multi-Layer Assembly Top FRONT-ENDS 8 Inner 1 8-82 Inner 2 Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary Back FRONT-ENDS 8 Rev A4 001016 8-83 RF2449 Preliminary LNA - IIP3 (Low Gain Mode) 25.0 LNA - IIP3 (High Gain/Low IP Mode) 9.0 8.0 20.0 7.0 IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 (dBm) 6.0 15.0 IIP3, -30º IIP3, 25º IIP3, 85º 10.0 5.0 IIP3, -30º IIP3, 25º IIP3, 85º 4.0 3.0 2.0 5.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 VCC (V) LNA - IIP3 (High Gain/High IP Mode) 8.0 -6.1 6.0 -6.2 5.0 -6.3 S21 (dB) IIP3 (dBm) 3.1 3.2 3.3 LNA - S21 (Low Gain Mode) -6.0 7.0 4.0 IIP3, -30º IIP3, 25º 3.0 -6.4 S21, -30º S21, 25º S21, 85º -6.5 IIP3, 85º 2.0 -6.6 1.0 -6.7 0.0 -6.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 VCC (V) 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) LNA - S21 (High Gain/Low IP Mode) 15.0 LNA - S21 (High Gain/High IP Mode) 15.4 15.3 14.9 15.2 14.8 15.1 14.7 S21 (dB) 15.0 S21 (dB) FRONT-ENDS 8 3 VCC (V) 14.6 14.5 S21, -30º S21, -30º 14.8 S21, 25º 14.4 14.9 S21, 25º S21, 85º 14.7 14.3 14.6 14.2 14.5 14.1 14.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 VCC (V) 8-84 S21, 85º 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary LNA - Noise Figure (Low Gain Mode) 8.0 LNA - Noise Figure (High Gain/Low IP Mode) 3.0 7.0 2.5 6.0 2.0 NF (dB) NF (dB) 5.0 4.0 3.0 1.5 NF, -30º NF, -30º 1.0 NF, 25º NF, 25º NF, 85º NF, 85º 2.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) LNA - Noise Figure (High Gain/High IP Mode) 3.0 2.5 8 FRONT-ENDS NF (dB) 2.0 1.5 NF, -30º NF, 25º 1.0 NF, 85º 0.5 0.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) Rev A4 001016 8-85 RF2449 Preliminary Mixer - IIP3 (Low Gain Mode) 16.0 Mixer - IIP3 (High Gain Mode) 6.0 14.0 5.0 12.0 4.0 IIP3 (dB) IIP3 (dBm) 10.0 8.0 6.0 3.0 IIP3, -30º IIP3, -30º 2.0 IIP3, 25º 4.0 IIP3, 25º IIP3, 85º IIP3, 85º 1.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.3 2.8 2.9 VCC (V) Mixer - RF to IF1 Isolation (Low Gain Mode) 36.8 Isolation, -30º RF to IF1 Isolation (dB) RF to IF1 Isolation (dB) 3.3 29.6 Isolation, -30º 36.2 Isolation, 25º 36.0 Isolation, 85º 35.8 35.6 35.4 35.2 29.4 Isolation, 25º Isolation, 85º 29.2 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.4 35.0 28.2 34.8 34.6 28.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.3 2.8 2.9 VCC (V) 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) Mixer - LO to IF1 Isolation (Low Gain Mode) 43.0 Mixer - LO to IF1 Isolation (High Gain Mode) 44.2 42.8 44.0 42.6 43.8 LO to IF1 Isolation (dB) LO to IF1 Isolation (dB) FRONT-ENDS 3.2 29.8 36.4 42.4 42.2 42.0 Isolation, -30º 41.8 Isolation, 25º 43.6 43.4 Isolation, -30º Isolation, 25º Isolation, 85º 43.2 43.0 Isolation, 85º 41.6 42.8 41.4 41.2 42.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 VCC (V) 8-86 3.1 Mixer - RF to IF1 Isolation (High Gain Mode) 30.0 36.6 8 3.0 VCC (V) 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) Rev A4 001016 RF2449 Preliminary Mixer - LO to RF Isolation (Low Gain Mode) 46.5 46.0 49.0 45.5 48.5 Isolation, -30º 45.0 LO to RF Isolation (dB) LO to RF Isolation (dB) Mixer - LO to RF Isolation (High Gain Mode) 49.5 Isolation, 25º Isolation, 85º 44.5 44.0 43.5 48.0 47.5 47.0 46.5 Isolation, -30º Isolation, 25º 43.0 46.0 42.5 45.5 42.0 Isolation, 85º 45.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 VCC (V) Mixer - Noise Figure (Low Gain Mode) 3.1 3.2 3.3 Mixer - Noise Figure (High Gain Mode) 8.0 14.0 7.0 12.0 6.0 10.0 5.0 NF (dB) NF (dB) 16.0 3.0 VCC (V) 8.0 6.0 8 4.0 NF, -30º 3.0 NF, 25º NF, -30º 4.0 FRONT-ENDS 2.7 NF, 85º 2.0 NF, 25º NF, 85º 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 VCC (V) Rev A4 001016 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 VCC (V) 8-87 RF2449 Preliminary FRONT-ENDS 8 8-88 Rev A4 001016