Data Manual November 2002 DAV Digital Audio/Speaker SLES044B IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. 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Mailing Address: Texas Instruments Post Office Box 655303 Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright 2002, Texas Instruments Incorporated Contents Contents Section 1 2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Terminal Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.5 Terminal Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Architecture Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1 Clock and Serial Data Interface . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.1 Normal-Speed, Double-Speed, and Quad-Speed Selection . . 6 2.1.2 Clock Master/Slave Mode (M_S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1.3 Clock Master Mode . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1.4 Clock Slave Mode . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.1.5 PLL Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.1.6 DCLK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.1.7 Serial Data Interface . . . . . . . . 10 2.2 Reset, Power Down, and Status . . . . . . . 15 2.2.1 Reset—RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.2.2 Power Down—PDN . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.3 Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3 Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.3.1 Volume Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.3.2 Mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.3.3 Auto Mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.3.4 Individual Channel Mute . . . . . 18 2.3.5 De-Emphasis Filter . . . . . . . . . 18 November 2002 Page 2.4 3 4 5 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.1 Clipping Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.2 Error Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.3 Individual Channel Error Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.4.4 PWM DC-Offset Correction . . 20 2.4.5 Inter-Channel Delay . . . . . . . . 20 2.4.6 ABD Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.4.7 PWM/H-Bridge and Discrete H-Bridge Driver Interface . . . . 21 2.5 I2C Serial Control Interface . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.5.1 Single Byte Write . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.5.2 Multiple Byte Write . . . . . . . . . 22 2.5.3 Single Byte Read . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.5.4 Multiple Byte Read . . . . . . . . . 23 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions . 24 3.1 General Status Register (x00) . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 Error Status Register (x01) . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3 System Control Register 0 (x02) . . . . . . . 25 3.4 System Control Register 1 (x03) . . . . . . . 26 3.5 Error Recovery Register (x04) . . . . . . . . . 26 3.6 Automute Delay Register (x05) . . . . . . . . 26 3.7 DC-Offset Control Registers (x06–x0B) . 27 3.8 Interchannel Delay Registers (x0C–x11) 27 3.9 ABD Delay Register (x12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.10 Individual Channel Mute Register (x19) . 27 System Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 SLES044B 3 List of Illustrations 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Absolute Maximum Ratings Over Operating Temperature Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Recommended Operating Conditions (Fs = 48 kHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Electrical Characteristics Over Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . 29 5.3.1 Static Digital Specifications Over Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.3.2 Digital Interpolation Filter and PWM Modulator Over Recommended Operating Conditions Fs = 48 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.3.3 TAS5036/TAS5100 System Performance Measured at the Speaker Terminals Over Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 6 Switching Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.4.1 Command Sequence Timing . 30 5.4.2 Serial Audio Port . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4.3 Serial Control Port—I2C Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 6.1 Serial Audio Interface Clock Master and Slave Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 39 6.1.1 Slave Configuration . . . . . . . . . 39 6.1.2 Master Configuration . . . . . . . 39 Appendix A—Volume Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 List of Illustrations Figure 2–1 Crystal Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2–2 External PLL Loop Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2–3 I2S 64-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2–4 I2S 48-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2–5 Left-Justified 64-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2–6 Left-Justified 48-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2–7 Right-Justified 64-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2–8 Right-Justified 48-Fs Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2–9 DSP Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2–10 Attenuation Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2–11 De-Emphasis Filter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . 19 4 SLES044B Title Page 2–12 PWM Outputs and H-Bridge Driven in BTL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2–13 Typical I2C Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2–14 Single Byte Write Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2–15 Multiple Byte Write Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2–16 Single Byte Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2–17 Multiple Byte Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4–1 RESET During System Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . 28 5–1 RESET Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5–2 Power-Down and Power-Up Timing—RESET Preceding PDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 5–3 Power-Down and Power-Up Timing—RESET Following PDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5–4 Error Recovery Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 November 2002 List of Tables 5–5 Mute Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5–6 Right-Justified, IIS, Left-Justified Serial Protocol Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5–7 Right, Left, and IIS Serial Mode Timing Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5–8 Serial Audio Ports Master Mode Timing . . . . . . . 35 5–9 DSP Serial Port Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5–10 DSP Serial Port Expanded Timing . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5–11 DSP Absolute Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5–12 SCL and SDA Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5–13 Start and Stop Conditions Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 6–1 Typical TAS5036 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 6–2 TAS5036 Serial Audio Port—Slave Mode Connection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 6–3 TAS5036 Serial Audio Port—Master Mode Connection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 List of Tables Table 2–1 Normal-Speed, Double-Speed, and Quad-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2–2 Master and Slave Clock Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2–3 LRCLK, MCLK_IN, and External PLL Rates . . . 9 2–4 DCLK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2–5 Supported Word Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2–6 Device Outputs During Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2–7 Values Set During Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2–8 Device Outputs During Power Down . . . . . . . . . . 16 2–9 Volume Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2–10 De-Emphasis Filter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . 18 2–11 Device Outputs During Error Recovery . . . . . . . 20 November 2002 Title Page 3–1 I2C Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3–2 General Status Register (Read Only) . . . . . . . . . 25 3–3 Error Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3–4 System Control Register 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3–5 System Control Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3–6 Error Recovery Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3–7 Automute Delay Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3–8 DC-Offset Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3–9 Six Inter-Channel Delay Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3–10 ABD Delay Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3–11 Individual Channel Mute Register . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 SLES044B 5 1 Introduction The TAS5036 is an innovative, cost-effective, high-performance 24-bit six-channel digital pulse width modulator (PWM) based on Equibit technology. Combined with a TI digital amplifier power stage, these devices use noise-shaping and sophisticated error correction algorithms to achieve high power efficiency and high-performance digital audio reproduction. The TAS5036 is designed to drive up to six digital power devices to provide six channels of digital audio amplification. The digital power devices can be six conventional monolithic power stages (such as the TAS5110) or six discrete differential power stages using gate drivers and MOSFETs. The TAS5036 has six independent volume controls and mute. It is designed to drive a digital amplifier power stage (such as the TAS5182) in an H-bridge (bridge tied load) configuration. The device operates in AD and BD modes. This all-digital audio system contains only two analog components in the signal chain—an LC low-pass filter at each speaker terminal and can provide up to 96-dB SNR at the speaker terminals. The TAS5036 has a wide variety of serial input options including right justified (16, 20, or 24 bit), I2S (16, 20, or 24 bit) left justified, or DSP (16-bit) data formats. The device is fully compatible with AES standard sampling rates of 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz, and 192 kHz including de-emphasis for 44.1-kHz and 48-kHz sample rates. The TAS5036 plus the TAS51xx power stage device combination was designed for home theater applications such as DVD minicomponent systems, home theater in a box (HTIB), DVD receiver, A/V receiver, or TV sets. 1.1 Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • True Digital Audio Amplifier High Quality Audio – 96-dB SNR – <0.1% THD+N Six-Channel Volume Control – Patented Soft Volume – Patented Soft Mute 16-, 20-, or 24-Bit Input Data Sampling Rates: 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz, and 192 kHz Supports Master and Slave Modes 3.3-V Power Supply Operation Economical 80-Pin TQFP Package De-Emphasis: 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz High Power Efficiency Clock Oscillator Circuit for Master Modes Low Jitter Internal PLL Soft Volume and Mute Update Excellent PSRR Equibit is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated. SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 1 Introduction DVSS_PWM DVDD_PWM DVSS_RCL DVDD_RCL VREGC_CAP VREGB_CAP VREGA_CAP AVSS_PLL Functional Block Diagram AVDD_PLL 1.2 Power Supply PWM Section MCLK_IN XTAL_OUT XTAL_IN PLL_FLT_OUT PLL_FLT_RET SCLK LRCLK Clock, PLL and Serial Data I/F Signal Processing RESET PDN Serial Control I/F Reset, Pwr Dwn and Status PWM_AP_2 PWM_AM_2 Valid_2 PWM Ch. MCLKOUT SDIN1 SDIN2 SDIN3 SDA SCL CSO PWM_AM_1 Valid_1 PWM Ch. Auto Mute De-emphasis Soft Volume Error Recovery Soft Mute Clip Detect PWM Ch. PWM Ch. Output Control CSS M_S PWM_AP_1 PWM AP_3 PWM AM_3 Valid_3 PWM_AP_4 PWM_AM_4 Valid_4 PWM_AP_5 PWM_AM_5 PWM Ch. Valid_5 PWM Ch. PWM_AP_6 PWM_AM_6 Valid_6 CLIP MUTE ERR_RCVY 2 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Introduction 1.3 Terminal Assignments AVDD_OSC XTL_IN XTL_OUT AVSS_OSC DVSS PWM_AP1 PWM_AM_1 VALID_1 PWM_BM_1 PWM_BP_1 PWM_AP_2 PWM_AM_2 VALID_2 PWM_BM_2 PWM_BP_2 PWM_AP_3 PWM_AM_3 VALID_3 PWM_BM_3 PWM_BP_3 PAG PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 1 60 2 59 3 58 4 57 5 56 6 55 7 54 8 53 9 52 10 51 11 50 12 49 13 48 14 47 15 46 16 45 17 44 18 43 19 42 20 41 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 VREGP_CAP DVDD_RCL DVSS_RCL DVDD_PWM DVSS_PWM PWM_AP_4 PWM_AM_4 VALID_4 PWM_BM_4 PWM_BP_4 PWM_AP_5 PWM_AM_5 VALID_5 PWM_BM_5 PWM_BP_5 PWM_AP_6 PWM_AM_6 VALID_6 PWM_BM_6 PWM_BP_6 NC NC NC DBSPD CLIP SDIN1 SDIN2 SDIN3 MCLK_OUT SCLK LRCLK DVDD DVSS VREGC_CAP DEM_SEL2 DEM_SEL1 M_S DVSS1 DVSS1 NC NC NC MCLK_IN AVDD_PLL PLL_FLT_OUT PLL_FLT_RET AVSS_PLL NC VREGA_CAP DVSS1 NC RESET ERR_RCVRY MUTE PDN SDA SCL CS0 NC NC NC – No internal connection SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 3 Introduction 1.4 Ordering Information T AS 5036 C PAG Texas Instruments Audio Solutions Device Number Temperature Range Package Type AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGE 1.5 TA PLASTIC 80-PIN TQFP (PAG) 0°C to 70°C TAS5036CPAG Terminal Functions TERMINAL NAME AVDD_OSC NO. 80 I/O DESCRIPTION P Analog power supply for internal oscillator cells Analog power supply for PLL AVDD_PLL 4 P AVSS_OSC 77 AO AVSS_PLL 7 P CLIP 25 DO CS0 18 DI Digital clipping indicator, active low I2C serial control chip address select input, active high DBSPD 24 DI Sample rate is double speed (88.2 kHz or 96 kHz), active high DM_SEL1 36 DI De-emphasis select bit 2, 10 = 48 kHz, 11= undefined (none) DM_SEL2 35 DI De-emphasis select bit 1 (0 = none, 01 = 32 kHz, 10 = 44.1 kHz DVDD 32 P Digital power supply DVDD_PWM 57 P Digital power supply for PWM DVDD_RCL Analog ground for internal oscillator cells Analog ground for PLL 59 P Digital power supply for reclocker DVSS 33, 76 P Digital ground for digital core and most of I/O buffers DVSS1 10, 38, 39 DIO Digital ground for digital core and most of I/O buffers DVSS_PWM 56 P Digital ground for PWM DVSS_RCL 58 P Digital ground for reclocker ERR_RCVRY 13 DI Error recovery input, active low LRCLK 31 DIO M_S 37 DI Master/slave mode input signal (master = 1, slave = 0) Serial audio data left / right clock (sampling rate clock) (input when M_S = 0; output when M_S = 1) MCLK_IN 3 DI MCLK input, slave mode (or master / double-speed mode) MCLK_OUT 29 DO MCLK output buffered system clock output if M_S = 1; otherwise set to 0 MUTE 14 DI Mute input signal, active low (muted signal = 0, normal mode = 1) N/C 1, 2, 8, 11, 19–23, 40 PDN 15 4 TAS5036 Not connected DI Power down, active low SLES044B—November 2002 Introduction TERMINAL NAME NO. PLL_FLT_OUT 5 I/O DESCRIPTION AO PLL external filter PLL_FLT_RET 6 AO PLL external filter (internally connected to AVSS_PLL) PWM_AM_1 74 DO PWM 1 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AM_2 69 DO PWM 2 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AM_3 64 DO PWM 3 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AM_4 54 DO PWM 4 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AM_5 49 DO PWM 5 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AM_6 44 DO PWM 6 output (differential -); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_1 75 DO PWM 1 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_2 70 DO PWM 2 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_3 65 DO PWM 3 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_4 55 DO PWM 4 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_5 50 DO PWM 5 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_AP_6 45 DO PWM 6 output (differential +); {positive H-bridge side} PWM_BM_1 72 DO PWM 1 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BM_2 67 DO PWM 2 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BM_3 62 DO PWM 3 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BM_4 52 DO PWM 4 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BM_5 47 DO PWM 5 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BM_6 42 DO PWM 6 output (differential -); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_1 71 DO PWM 1 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_2 66 DO PWM 2 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_3 61 DO PWM 3 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_4 51 DO PWM 4 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_5 46 DO PWM 5 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} PWM_BP_6 41 DO PWM 6 output (differential +); {negative H-bridge side} RESET 12 DI System reset input, active low SCL 17 DI I2C serial control clock input SCLK 30 DIO Serial audio data clock (shift clock) SDA 16 DIO I2C serial control data input/ output SDIN1 26 DI Serial audio data 1 input SDIN2 27 DI Serial audio data 2 input SDIN3 28 DI Serial audio data 3 input VALID_1 73 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 1, active high VALID_2 68 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 2, active high VALID_3 63 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 3, active high VALID_4 53 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 4, active high VALID_5 48 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 5, active high VALID_6 43 DO Output indicating validity of PWM outputs, channel 6, active high VREGA_CAP 9 P C05 voltage regulator capacitor VREGB_CAP 60 P C05 voltage regulator capacitor VREGC_CAP 34 P C05 voltage regulator capacitor XTL_IN 79 AI Crystal or TTL level clock input XTL_OUT 78 AO Crystal output (not for external usage) SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 5 Architecture Overview 2 Architecture Overview The TAS5036 is composed of six functional elements: • • • • • • 2.1 Clock, PLL, and serial data interface (IIS) Reset/power down circuitry Serial control interface (IIC) Signal processing unit Pulse width modulator (PWM) Power supply Clock and Serial Data Interface The TAS5036 clock and serial data interface contains an input serial data slave and the clock master/ slave interface. The serial data slave interface receives information from a digital source such as a DSP, S/PDIF receiver, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digital audio processor (DAP) such as the TAS3103, or other serial bus master at sample rates of for sample rates of 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz,176.4 kHz, and 192 kHz. The serial data interface has three serial data inputs that can accept up to six channels of data. The serial data interfaces support left justified and right justified for 16-, 20-, and 24-bits. In addition, the serial data interfaces support the DSP protocol for 16 bits and the I2S protocal for 24 bits. The received data is data passed to the TAS5036 signal-processing unit. The TAS5036 can function as a receiver or a generator for the MCLK_IN (master clock), SCLK (shift clock), and LRCLK (left/right clock) signals that control the flow of data on the three serial data interfaces. The TAS5036 is a clock master when it generates these clocks and is a clock slave when it receives these clocks. The TAS5036 is a synchronous design that relies upon master clock to provide a reference clock for all of the device operations. When operating as a slave, this reference clock is MCLK_IN. When operating as a master, the reference clock is either TTL clock input to XTAL_IN or a crystal attached across XTAL_IN and XTAL_OUT. If the master clock stops, the TAS5036 will perform a clock error recovery sequence. The clock error recovery sequence temporarily suspends processing, places the PWM outputs in a hard mute (PWM P outputs are low; PWM M outputs are high, and all VALID signals are low), resets all internal processes, sets the volumes to mute, and suspends all I2C operations. When the master clock is resumed, the TAS5036 exits the clock error recovery sequence by performing a 4.3-ms partial re–initialization, noiselessly restarting the PWM output, and ramping the volume up to the level specified in the volume control registers. The volume update is performed over a 43 ms. interval. The TAS5036 will preserve all control register settings that were set prior to the clock interruption. Quad–speed mode is used to support sampling rates of 176.4 kHz and 192 kHz. Quad–speed mode is auto detected supported in slave mode and invoked by control in master mode in slave mode. If the device is not in double speed mode, quad–speed mode is automatically detected when MCLK_IN is 128Fs. In master mode, the PWM is placed in quad–speed mode by setting the quad–speed bit in the system control register through the serial control interface. The clock and serial data interface has two control parameters: data sample rate and clock master or slave. 2.1.1 Normal-Speed, Double-Speed, and Quad-Speed Selection The sampling rate is selected through a pin (DBSPD) or the serial control register 0 (X02). When a sample rate is selected, the system automatically performs an error recovery sequence and switches to the new sampling rate. As shown in subsequent sections, the sample rate control sets the frequencies of the SCLK and LRCLK in clock slave mode and the output frequencies of SCLK and LRCLK in clock master mode. The reference clock for the PLL can be provided by either an external clock source (attached to XTAL_IN) or a crystal (connected across terminals XTAL_IN and XTAL_OUT). The external source attached to MCLK_IN is 256 times (128 in quad mode) the data sample rate (Fs). The SCLK frequency is 64 times the data sample rate and the SCLK frequency of 48 times the data sample rate is not supported in the master mode. The LRCLK frequency is the data sample rate. 6 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview There are three data rates: normal speed, double speed, and quad speed. Normal-speed mode supports data rates of 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz. Normal speed is supported in the master and slave modes. The PWM is placed in normal speed by setting the DBSPD terminal low or by setting the normal mode bits in the system control register through the serial control interface. Following this operation, the PWM performs an error recovery sequence automatically and operates in the normal speed mode. Double-speed mode is used to support sampling rates of 88.2 kHz and 96 kHz. Double speed is supported in master and slave modes. The PWM is placed in double speed mode by setting the DBSPD terminal high or by setting the double speed bits in the system control register through the serial control interface. Following this operation, the PWM performs an error recovery sequence automatically and operates in the double speed mode. Quad-speed mode is used to support sampling rates of 176.4 kHz and 192 kHz. Quad-speed mode is auto detected supported in slave mode and invoked by control in master mode in slave mode. If the device is not in double speed mode, quad-speed mode is automatically detected when MCLK_IN is 128Fs. In master mode, the PWM is placed in quad-speed mode by setting the quad-speed bit in the system control register through the serial control interface. Table 2–1. Normal-Speed, Double-Speed, and Quad-Speed Operation QUAD-SPEED CONTROL REGISTER BIT DBSPD TERMINAL OR CONTROL REGISTER BIT MODE SPEED SELECTION 0 0 Master or slave Normal speed 0 1 Master or slave Double speed 1 0 Master or slave Quad speed 0 0 Slave Quad speed if MCLK_IN = 128Fs 1 1 Master or slave Error 2.1.2 Clock Master/Slave Mode (M_S) Clock master and slave mode can be invoked using the M_S (master slave) terminal. This terminal specifies the default mode that is set immediately following a device RESET. The serial data interface setting permits the clock generation mode to be changed during normal operation. The transition to master mode occurs: • Following a RESET when M_S terminal has a logic high applied The transition to slave mode occurs: • Following a RESET when M_S terminal has a logic low applied 2.1.3 Clock Master Mode When M_S = 1 following a RESET, the TAS5036 provides the master clock, SCLK, and LRCLK to the rest of the system. In the master mode, the TAS5036 outputs the audio system clocks MCLK_OUT, SCLK, and LRCLK. The TAS5036 device generates these clocks plus its internal clocks from the internal phase-locked loop (PLL). The reference clock for the PLL can be provided by either an external clock source (attached to XTAL_IN) or a crystal (connected across terminals XTAL_IN and XTAL_OUT). The external source attached to MCLK_IN is 256 times (128 in quad mode) the data sample rate (Fs). The SCLK frequency is 64 times the data sample rate and the SCLK frequency of 48 times the data sample rate is not supported in the master mode. The LRCLK frequency is the data sample rate. 2.1.3.1 Crystal Type and Circuit In clock master mode the TAS5036 can derive the MCLKOUT, SCLK, and LRCLK from a crystal. In this case, the TAS5036 uses a parallel-mode fundamental-mode crystal. This crystal is connected to the TAS5036 as shown in Figure 2–1. SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 7 Architecture Overview TAS5036 C1 rd OSC MACRO XO C2 XI AVSS rd = Drive level control resistor – crystal vendor specified CL = Crystal load capacitance (capacitance of circuitry between the two terminals of the crystal) CL = (C1 x C2 )/(C1 + C2 ) + CS (where CS = board stray capacitance ~ 3 pF) Example: Vendor recommended CL = 18 pF, CS = 3 pF ≥ C1 = C2 = 2 x (18–3) = 30 pF Figure 2–1. Crystal Circuit 2.1.4 Clock Slave Mode In the slave mode (M_S = 0), the master clock, LRCLK, and SCLK are inputs to the TAS5036. The master clock is supplied through the MCLK_IN terminal. As in the master mode, the TAS5036 device developed its internal timing from internal phase-locked loop (PLL). The reference clock for the PLL is provided by the input to the MCLK_IN terminal. This input is at a frequency of 256 times (128 in quad mode) the input data rate. The SCLK frequency is 48 or 64 times the data sample rate. The LRCLK frequency is the data sample rate. The TAS5036 does not require any specific phase relationship between SRCLK and MCLK_IN, but there must be synchronization. The TAS5036 monitors the relationship between MCLK, SCLK and LRCLK. The TAS5036 will detect if any of the three clocks are absent, if LRCLK rate changes more the ±10 MCLK cycles since the last device reset or clock error recovery, or if MCLK frequency is changing substantially with respect to the PLL frequency. When a clock error is detected the TAS5036 will perform a clock error recovery sequence. If one or more of the clock signals are absent, the TAS5036 is held with the outputs in hard mute until the clock is resumed. Once the clock is resumed, the clock error recover sequence is completed. Note. The detection of a clock error causes the TAS5036 to perform an immediate hard mute and suspension of all processes. This abrupt transition can produce a faint click as the outputs are muted. Since the clocks are removed when changing media or during input selection, it is possible to use this knowledge to completely eliminate clicks in these conditions. In this case, the click is prevented by muting the outputs by using the MUTE terminal or the I2C/MUTE command 43 ms in advance of the clocks being removed. In slave mode operation, when a crystal is connected to XTAL_IN and XTAL_OUT pins, the internal oscillator of the TAS5036 is turned off. In the slave mode, MCLK_OUT is driven low. Table 2–2 shows all the possible master and slave modes. When operating in quad mode (Fs = 176.4 kHz or 192 kHz), the device works in slave mode only with MCLK_IN = 128 Fs. Table 2–3 shows the clocks speed for normal, double and quad modes. 8 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview Table 2–2. Master and Slave Clock Modes M_S DBSPD XTL_IN (MHz)† MCLK_IN (MHz)‡ Internal PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 8.192 - Internal PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 11.2896 Internal PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 12.288 DESCRIPTION SCLK (MHz)¶ LRCLK (kHz)¶ MCLK_OUT (MHz)# 2.048 32 8.192 - 2.8224 44.1 11.2896 - 3.072 48 12.288 5.6448 88.2 22.5792 6.144 96 24.576 22.5792 Internal PLL, master, double speed 1 1 - Internal PLL, master, double speed 1 1 - 22.5792§ 24.576§ Internal PLL, master, quad speed 1 0 - 22.5792 11.2896 176.4 Internal PLL, master, quad speed 1 0 - 24.576 12.288 192 24.576 Internal PLL, slave, normal speed 0 0 - 2.0484 32 Digital GND Internal PLL, slave, normal speed 0 0 - 8.192§ 11.2896§ 2.8224 44.1 Digital GND Internal PLL, slave, normal speed 0 0 - 12.288§ 3.072 48 Digital GND Internal PLL, slave, double speed 0 1 - 22.5792 5.6448 88.2 Digital GND Internal PLL, slave, double speed Internal PLL, slave, quad speed || 0 1 - 96 Digital GND 0 - 24.576§ 22.5792§ 6.144 0 11.2896 176 Digital GND Internal PLL, slave, quad speed || 0 0 - 24.576§ 12.288 192 Digital GND External PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 - - 2.048 32 8.192 External PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 - - 2.8224 44.1 11.2896 External PLL, master, normal speed 1 0 - - 3.072 48 12.288 External PLL, master, double speed 1 1 - - 5.6448 88.2 22.5792 External PLL, master, double speed 1 1 - - 6.144 96 24.576 External PLL, master, quad speed 1 0 - - 11.2896 176.4 22.5792 External PLL, master, quad speed 1 0 - - 12.288 192 24.576 External PLL, slave, normal speed 0 0 - 32 Digital GND 0 0 - 8.192§ 11.2896§ 2.0484 External PLL, slave, normal speed 2.8224 44.1 Digital GND External PLL, slave, normal speed 0 0 - 12.288§ 3.072 48 Digital GND External PLL, slave, double speed 0 1 - 22.5792 5.6448 88.2 Digital GND External PLL, slave, double speed External PLL, slave, quad speed || 0 1 - 6.144 96 Digital GND 0 0 - 24.576§ 22.5792§ 11.2896 176 Digital GND 0 0 24.576§ 12.288 † A crystal oscillator is connected to XTL_IN. ‡ MCLK_IN tied low when input to XTL_IN is provided; XTL_IN tied low when MCLK_IN_IN is provided. § External MCLK_IN connected to MCLK_IN_IN input ¶ SCLK and LRCLK are outputs when M_S=1, and inputs when M_S=0. # MCLK_OUT is driven low when M_S=0. || Quad-speed mode is detected automatically. k SCLK can be 48 or 64 times Fs 192 Digital GND External PLL, slave, quad speed || Table 2–3. LRCLK, MCLK_IN, and External PLL Rates NORMAL SPEED (kHz) LRCLK 1FS 32 DOUBLE SPEED (kHz) 44.1 48 QUAD SPEED (kHz) 1FS 64 88.2 96 1FS 176.4 192 MCLK_IN 256FS 8,192 11,289.6 12,288 256FS 16,384 22,579.2 24,576 128FS 22,579.2 24,576 EXT. PLL 2048FS 65,536 90,316.8 98,304 1024FS 65,536 90,316.8 98,304 512FS 90,316.8 98,304 SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 9 Architecture Overview 2.1.5 PLL Filter A low jitter PLL produces the internal timing of the TAS5036 (when in master mode), the master clock, SCLK, and LRCLK. Connections for the PLL external loop filter are provided through PLL_FLT_OUT and PLL_FLT_RET as shown in Figure 2–2. PLL_FLT_OUT 220 Ω TAS5036 4.7 nF 47 nF PLL_FLT_RET Figure 2–2. External PLL Loop Filter 2.1.6 DCLK DCLK is the internal high frequency clock that is produced by the PLL circuitry from MCLK. The TAS5036A uses the DCLK to control all internal operations. DCLK is 8 times the speed of MCLK in normal speed mode, 4 times MCLK in double speed, and 2 times MCLK in quad speed. With respect to the I2C addressable registers, DCLK clock cycles are used to specify Interchannel delay and to detect when the MCLK is frequency is drifting. Table 2–4 DCLK shows the relationship between Sample Rate, MCLK and DCLK. Table 2–4. DCLK FS (kHz) MCLK (MHz) DCLK (MHz) DCK Period (ns) 15.3 32 8.1920 65.5360 44.1 11.2896 90.3168 11.1 48 12.2880 98.3040 10.2 88 22.5280 90.1120 11.1 96 24.5760 98.3040 10.2 192 49.1520 98.3040 10.2 2.1.7 Serial Data Interface The TAS5036 operates as a slave only/receive only serial data interface in all modes. The TAS5036 has three PCM serial data interfaces to accept six channels of digital data though the SDIN1, SDIN2, SDIN3 inputs. The serial audio data is in MSB first; 2s complement format. The serial data interfaces of the TAS5036 can be configured in right justified, I2S, left-justified, or DSP modes. This interface supports 32-kHz, 44.1-kHz, 48-kHz, 88-kHz, 96-kHz, 176.4-kHz, and 192-kHz data sample rates. The serial data interface format is specified using the data interface control register. The supported word lengths are shown in Table 2–5. During normal operating conditions if the serial data interface settings change state, an error recovery sequence is initiated. 10 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview Table 2–5. Supported Word Lengths 2.1.7.1 DATA MODES WORD LENGTHS MOD2 MOD1 MOD0 Right justified, MSB first 16 0 0 0 Right justified, MSB first 20 0 0 1 Right justified, MSB first I2S 24 0 1 0 16 0 1 1 I2S I2S 20 1 0 0 24 1 0 1 Left justified, MSB first 24 1 1 0 DSP frame 16 1 1 1 I2S Timing I2S timing uses an LRCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel or the right channel. The LRCLK is low for the left channel and high for the right channel. A bit clock running at 48 or 64 times Fs is used to clock in the data. There is a delay of one bit clock from the time the LRCLK signal changes state to the first bit of data on the data lines. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. The TAS5036 masks unused trailing data bit positions. Master mode only supports a 64 times Fs bit clock. 2-Channel I2S (Philips Format) Stereo Input 32 Clks LRCLK (Note Reversed Phase) 32 Clks Left Channel Right Channel SCLK SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode 23 22 LSB 9 8 5 4 5 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 MSB LSB 23 22 9 8 5 4 19 18 5 4 1 0 15 14 1 0 1 0 20-Bit Mode 19 18 16-Bit Mode 15 14 Figure 2–3. I2S 64-Fs Format SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 11 Architecture Overview 2-Channel I2S Stereo Input/Output (24-Bit Transfer Word Size) 24 Clks 24 Clks LRCLK Right Channel Left Channel SCLK SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode LSB 23 22 21 20 19 8 7 5 4 5 4 1 0 1 0 3 2 1 MSB 0 LSB 23 22 21 20 19 8 7 5 4 19 18 17 16 15 5 4 1 0 11 1 0 3 2 1 20-Bit Mode 19 18 17 16 15 16-Bit Mode 15 14 13 12 11 15 14 13 12 Figure 2–4. I2S 48-Fs Format 2.1.7.2 Left-Justified Timing Left-justified (LJ) timing uses an LRCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel and the right channel. The LRCLK is high for the left channel and low for the right channel. A bit clock running at 48 or 64 times Fs is used to clock in the data. The first bit of data appears on the data lines at the same time the LRCLK toggles. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. The TAS5036 masks unused trailing data bit positions. Master mode only supports a 64 times Fs bit clock. 2-Channel Left-Justified Stereo Input 32 Clks 32 Clks LRCLK LRCLK Right Channel Left Channel SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode 23 22 LSB 9 8 5 4 1 0 MSB 23 22 LSB 9 8 5 4 1 0 NOTE: All data presented in 2s complement form with MSB first. Figure 2–5. Left-Justified 64-Fs Format 12 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview 2-Channel Left-Justified Stereo Input/Output (24-Bit Transfer Word Size) 24 Clks 24 Clks LRCLK Right Channel Left Channel SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode LSB 23 22 21 20 19 9 8 5 4 3 2 1 0 MSB LSB 23 22 21 20 19 9 8 5 4 3 2 1 0 Figure 2–6. Left-Justified 48-Fs Format 2.1.7.3 Right-Justified Timing Right-justified (RJ) timing uses an LRCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel and the right channel. The LRCLK is high for the left channel and low for the right channel. A bit clock running at 48 or 64 times Fs is used to clock in the data. The first bit of data appears on the data 8-bit clock periods (for 24-bit data) after LRCLK toggles. In RJ mode, the last bit clock before LRCLK transitions always clocks the LSB of data. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of bit clock. The TAS5036 masks unused leading data bit positions. Master mode only supports a 64 times Fs bit clock. 2-Channel Right-Justified (Sony Format) Stereo Input 32 Clks 32 Clks LRCLK Right Channel Left Channel SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode LSB 23 22 19 18 15 14 1 0 19 18 15 14 1 0 15 14 1 0 MSB LSB 23 22 19 18 15 14 1 0 19 18 15 14 1 0 15 14 1 0 20-Bit Mode 16-Bit Mode NOTE: All data presented in 2s complement form with MSB first. Figure 2–7. Right-Justified 64-Fs Format SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 13 Architecture Overview 2-Channel Right-Justified Stereo Input/Output (24-Bit Transfer Word Size) 24 Clks 24 Clks LRCLK Right Channel Left Channel SCLK MSB 24-Bit Mode LSB 23 22 21 20 19 18 MSB LSB 15 14 9 8 1 0 23 22 21 20 19 18 15 14 9 8 1 0 15 14 9 8 1 0 19 18 15 14 9 8 1 0 15 14 9 8 1 0 15 14 9 8 1 0 20-Bit Mode 19 18 16-Bit Mode NOTE: All data presented in 2s complement form with MSB first. Figure 2–8. Right-Justified 48-Fs Format 2.1.7.4 DSP Mode Timing DSP mode timing uses an LRCLK to define when data is to be transmitted for both channels. A bit clock running at 64 × Fs is used to clock in the data. The first bit of the left channel data appears on the data lines following the LRCLK transition. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. The TAS5036 masks unused trailing data bit positions. SCLK 64 SCLKS LRCLK MSB LSB MSB LSB SDIN 16 Bits Left Channel 16 Bits Right Channel 32 Bits Unused Figure 2–9. DSP Format 14 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview 2.2 Reset, Power Down, and Status The reset, power down, and status circuitry provides the necessary controls to bring the TAS5036 to the initial inactive condition, achieve low power standby, and report system status. 2.2.1 Reset—RESET The TAS5036 is placed in the reset mode by setting the RESET terminal low. RESET is an asynchronous control signal that restores the TAS5036 to its default conditions, sets the valid 1–6 outputs low, and places the PWM in the hard mute state. Volume is immediately set to full attenuation (there is no ramp down). As long as the RESET terminal is held low, the device is in the reset state. During reset, all I2C and serial data bus operations are ignored. Table 2–6 shows the device output signals while RESET is active. Upon the release of RESET, if POWER_DWN is high, the system performs a 4-ms to 5-ms device initialization and then ramps the volume up to 0 db using a soft volume update sequence. If MCLK_IN is not active when RESET is released high, then a 4-ms to 5-ms initialization sequence is produced once MCLK_IN becomes active. During device initialization all controls are reset to their initial states. Table 2–7 shows the control settings that are changed during initialization. RESET should be applied during power-up initialization or while changing the master slave clock states. Table 2–6. Device Outputs During Reset SIGNAL MODE SIGNAL STATE Valid 1–Valid 6 All Low PWM P-outputs All Low PWM M-outputs All Low All Low MCLKOUT SCLK Master Low SCLK Slave Signal input LRCLK Master Low LRCLK Slave Signal input SDA All Signal input CLIP All High Because the RESET is an asynchronous control signal, small clicks and pops can be produced during the application (the leading edge) of this control. However, when RESET is released, the transition from the hard mute state back to normal operation is performed synchronously using a quiet sequence. If a completely quiet reset sequence is desired, MUTE should be applied before applying RESET. Table 2–7. Values Set During Reset CONTROL SETTING Volume 0 dB MCLK_IN frequency 256 Master/slave mode M_S terminal state Auto mute Enabled De-emphasis None DC offset 0 Interchannel delay Each channel set at 16 clocks higher then preceding channel SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 15 Architecture Overview 2.2.2 Power Down—PDN The TAS5036 can be placed into the power-down mode by holding the PDN terminal low. When power-down mode is entered, both the PLL and the oscillator are shut down. Volume is immediately set to full attenuation (there is no ramp down). The valid 1–6 outputs are immediately asserted low and the PWM outputs are placed in the hard mute state. PDN initiates device power down without clock inputs. As long as the PDN terminal is held low—the device is in the power-down (hard mute) state. During power down, all I2C and serial data bus operations are ignored. Table 2–8 shows the device output signals while PDN is active. Table 2–8. Device Outputs During Power Down SIGNAL MODE SIGNAL STATE Valid 1–Valid 6 All Low PWM P-outputs All Low PWM M-outputs All Low MCLKOUT All Low Master Low SCLK Slave Signal input LRCLK Master Low LRCLK Slave Signal input SDA All Signal input CLIP All High SCLK To place the device in total power-down mode, both RESET and power-down modes must be enabled. Prior to bringing PDN high, RESET must be brought low for a minimum of 50 ns. Because PDN is an asynchronous control signal, small clicks and pops can be produced during the application (the leading edge) of this control. However, when PDN is released, the transition from the hard mute state back to normal operation is performed synchronously using a quiet sequence. If a completely quiet reset sequence is desired, MUTE should be applied before applying PDN. 2.2.2.1 Recovery Time Options To support the requirements of various system configurations, the TAS5036 can come up to the normal state after either a long (100 ms) or a short (5 ms) delay. 1. In the first case, a slow system (95 ms to 100 ms) start-up occurs at the end of the power-down sequence when: RESET is high for at least 16 MCLK_IN periods before PDN goes high. 2. Otherwise a fast (4 ms to 5 ms) start up occurs. NOTE: If MCLK_IN is not active when both of these signals are released high, then a a fast (4 ms to 5 ms) start up occurs once MCLK_IN becomes active. 2.2.3 Status Registers The TAS5036 provides device identification and operational status information that is accessible through the serial control interface status registers that provide general device information. Device ID—The TAS5036 provides a device identification code that is accessible through the serial control interface Volume Update is in Progress—Whenever a volume change is in progress, this status bit is high. No Internal Errors (All Valid Signals are High)—When there are no internal errors in the TAS5036 and all outputs are valid, this status bit is high. LRCLK Error—When there are the MCLK_IN rate changes more than ±10 MCLK_IN cycles from the correct number of cycles (128 or 256) per LRCLK cycle MCLK_IN Error—When the MCLK_IN frequency changes such that it is out of synchronization with internal PLL generated clock 16 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview 2.3 Signal Processing This section contains the signal processing functions that are contained in the TAS5036. The signal processing is performed using a high-speed 24-bit signal processing architecture. The TAS5036 performs the following signal processing features: • Individual channel soft volume with a range of 24 dB to –114 dB plus mute • Soft mute • Auto mute • 50-µs/15-µs de-emphasis filter supported in the sampling rates 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz 2.3.1 Volume Control The gain of each output can be adjusted by a soft digital volume control for each channel. Volume adjustments are performed using a soft gain update s-curve, which is approximated using a second order filter fit. The curve fit is performed over a transition interval between 41 ms and 65 ms. The volume of each channel can be adjusted from mute to 24 dB to –114 dB in 0.5 dB steps. Because of the numerical representation that is used to control the volume, at very low volume levels the step size increases for gains of that are less than –96 dB. The default volume setting following power up or reset is 0 dB for all channels. The step size increases linearly up to approximately –90 dB, see Figure 2–10. STEP SIZE vs ATTENUATION (GAIN) 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 Step Size – dB 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 –110 –100 –90 –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 Attenuation (Gain) – dB Figure 2–10. Attenuation Curve The volume control format for each channel is expressed in 8 bits. The volume for each channel is set by writing 8 bits via the serial control interface. The MSB bit is written first as in the bit position 0 (LSB position). The volume for each channel can be set using a single or multiple address write operation to the volume control register via the serial control interface. To change the volume of all six channels requires that 6 registers be updated. To coordinate the volume adjustment of multiple channels simultaneously, the TAS5036 performs a delayed volume update upon receiving a volume change command. Following the completion of the register volume write operations, the TAS5036 waits for 5 ms for another volume command to be given. If no volume command is issued in that period of time, the TAS5036 starts adjusting the volume of the channels that received volume settings. SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 17 Architecture Overview While a volume update is being performed, the system status register indicates that the update is in progress. During the update, all subsequent volume control setting requests that are sent to the TAS5036 are received and stored as a single next value for a subsequent update. If more than one volume setting request is sent, only the last is retained. Table 2–9. Volume Register VOLUME REGISTER D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 2.3.2 Mute The application of mute ramps the volume from any setting to noiseless hard mute state. There are two methods in which the TAS5036 can be placed into mute. The TAS5036 is placed in the noiseless mute when the MUTE terminal is asserted low for a minimum of 3 MCLK_IN cycles. Alternatively, the mute mode can be initiated by setting the mute bit in the system control register through the serial control interface. The TAS5036 is held in mute state as long as the terminal is low or I2C mute setting is active. This command uses quiet entry and exit sequences to and from the hard mute state. If an error recovery (described in the PWM section) occurs after a mute request has been received, the device returns from error recovery with the channel volume set as specified by the mute command. 2.3.3 Auto Mute Auto mute is an automatic sequence that can be enabled or disabled via the serial control interface. The default for this control is enabled. When enabled, the PWM auto mutes an individual channel when a channel receives from 5 ms to 50 ms of consecutive zeros. This time interval can be selectable using the auto mute delay register. The default interval is 5 ms at 48 kHz. This duration is independent of the sample rate. The auto mute state is exited when two consecutive samples of nonzero data are received. This mode uses the valid low to provide a low-noise floor while maintaining a short startup time. Noise free entry and exit is achieved by using the PWM quiet start and stop sequences. 2.3.4 Individual Channel Mute Individual channel mute is invoked through the serial interface. Individual channel mute permits each channel of the TAS5036 to be individually muted and unmuted. The operation that is performed is identical to the mute operation; however, it is performed on a per channel basis. A TAS5036 channel is held in the mute state as long as the serial interface mute setting for that channel is set. 2.3.5 De-Emphasis Filter For audio sources that have been pre-emphasized, a precision 50-µs/15-µs de-emphasis filter is provided to support the sampling rates of 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz. See Figure 2–11 for a graph showing the de-emphasis filtering characteristics. De-emphasis is set using two bits in the system control register. Table 2–10. De-Emphasis Filter Characteristics DEM_SEL2 (MSB) DEM_SEL1 0 0 De-emphasis disabled DESCRIPTION 0 1 De-emphasis enabled for Fs = 48 kHz 1 0 De-emphasis enabled for Fs = 44 kHz 1 1 De-emphasis enabled for Fs = 32 kHz Following the change of state of the de-emphasis bits, the PWM outputs go into the soft mute state. After 128 LRCLK periods for initialization, the PWM outputs are driven to the normal (unmuted) mode. 18 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Response – dB Architecture Overview 0 De-Emphasis –10 3.18 (50 µs) 10.6 (15 µs) f – Frequency – kHz Figure 2–11. De-Emphasis Filter Characteristics 2.4 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) The TAS5036 contains six channels of high performance digital Equibit PWM modulators that are designed to drive switching output stages (back ends) in both single-ended (SE) and H-bridge (bridge tied load) configuration. The TAS5036 device uses noise shaping and sophisticated error correction algorithms to achieve high power efficiency and high-performance digital audio reproduction. The PWM provides six pseudo-differential outputs to drive six monolithic power stages (such as TAS5110) or six discrete differential power stages using gate drivers (such as the TAS5182) and MOSFETs in single-ended or bridged configurations. The TAS5036 also provides a high performance differential output that can be used to drive an external analog headphone amplifier. 2.4.1 Clipping Indicator The clipping output is designed to indicate clipping. When any of the six PWM outputs exceeds the maximum allowable amplitude, the clipping indicator is asserted. The clipping indicator is cleared every 10 ms. 2.4.2 Error Recovery Error recovery is used to provide error management and to permit the PWM output to be reset while preserving all inter-volume, inter-channel delay, dc offsets, and the other internal settings. Error recovery is initiated by bringing the /ERR_RCVRY terminal low for a minimum 5 MCLK_IN cycles or by setting the error recovery bit in control register 1. Error recovery is a level sensitive signal. The device also performs an error recovery automatically: • When the speed configuration is changed to normal, double, or quad speed • Following a change in the serial data bus interface configuration When ERR_RCVRY is brought low, all valid signals go low, and the PWM-P and PWM-M outputs go low. If there are any pending speed configurations, these changes are then performed. When ERR_RCVRY is brought high, a delay of 4 ms to 5 ms is performed before the system starts the output re-initialization sequence. After the initialization time, the TAS5036 begins normal operation. During error recovery, all controls and device settings that were not updated are maintained in their current configurations. To permit error recovery to be used to provide TAS5100 error management and recovery, the delay between the start of (falling edge) error recovery and the falling edge of valid 1 though valid 6 is selectable. This delay can be selected to be either 6 µs or 47 µs. During error recovery all serial data bus operations are ignored. At the conclusion of the sequence, the error recovery register bit is returned to normal operation state. Table 2–11 shows the device output signal states while during error recovery. SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 19 Architecture Overview Table 2–11. Device Outputs During Error Recovery SIGNAL MODE SIGNAL STATE Valid 1–Valid 6 All Low PWM P-outputs All Low PWM M-outputs All Low MCLKOUT All Low Master Low SCLK Slave Signal input LRCLK Master Low LRCLK Slave Signal input SDA All Signal input CLIP All High SCLK The transitions are done using a quiet entrance and exit sequence to prevent pops and clicks. 2.4.3 Individual Channel Error Recovery Individual channel error recovery is used to provide error management and to permit the PWM output to be turned off. Error recovery is initiated by setting one or more of the six error recovery bits in the error recovery register to low. While the error recover bits are brought low, the valid signals goes to the low state. When the error recovery bits are brought high, a delay of 4 ms to 5 ms occurs before the channels are returned to normal operation. The delay between the falling edge of the error recover bit and the falling edge of valid 1 though valid 6 is selectable. This delay can be selected to be either 6 µs or 47 µs. The TAS5036 controls the relative timing of the pseudo-differential drive control signals plus the valid signal to minimize the production of system noise during error recovery operations. The transitions to valid low and valid high are done using an almost quiet entrance and exit sequence to prevent pops and clicks. 2.4.4 PWM DC-Offset Correction An 8-bit value can be programmed to each of the six PWM offset correction registers to correct for any offset present in the output stages. The offset correction is divided into 256 intervals with a total offset correction of ±1.56% of full scale. The default value is zero correction represented by 00 (hex). These values can be changed at any time through the serial control interface. 2.4.5 Inter-Channel Delay An 8-bit value can be programmed to each of the six PWM inter-channel delay registers to add a delay per channel from 0 to 255 clock cycles. The delays correspond to cycles of the high-speed internal clock, DCLK (or alternatively the external PLL clock frequency). Each subsequent channel has a default value that is N DCLKs larger than the preceding channel. The default values are 0 for the first channel and 16 for each successive channel. These values can be updated upon power up through the serial control interface. This delay is generated in the PWM block with the appropriate control signals generated in the CTL block. These values can be changed at any time through the serial control interface. The optimum performance of the TAS5036 can be achieved using an interchannel delay of 21. 2.4.6 ABD Delay A 5-bit value is used to delay the A PWM signals with respect to B PWM signals. The value is the same for all channels. It can be programmed from 0 to 31 DCLK clock cycles. The default values is 11 DCLK clock cycles (01011). This value is mask programmable. These values can be changed at any time through the serial control interface. The optimum performance of the TAS5036 can be achieved with an ABD delay of 30. 20 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview 2.4.7 PWM/H-Bridge and Discrete H-Bridge Driver Interface The TAS5036 provides six PWM outputs, which are designed to drive switching output stages (back-ends) in both single-ended (SE) and H-bridge (bridge tied load) configuration. The back-ends may be monolithic power stages (such as the TAS5110) or six discrete differential power stages using gate drivers (such as the the TAS55182) and MOSFETs in single-ended or bridged configurations. The TAS5110 device is optimised for bridge tied load (BTL) configurations. These devices require a pure differential PWM signal with a third signal (VALID) to control the MUTE state. In the MUTE state, the TAS5110 OUTA and OUTB are both low. One Channel of TAS5036 TAS5110 PWM_AP AP PWM_AM AM VALID OUTA Speaker RESET BP BM OUTB Figure 2–12. PWM Outputs and H-Bridge Driven in BTL Configuration 2.5 I2C Serial Control Interface The TAS5036 has a bidirectional serial control interface that is compatible with the I2C (Inter IC) bus protocol and supports both 100 KBPS and 400 KBPS data transfer rates for single and multiple byte write and read operations. This is a slave only device that does not support a multi-master bus environment or wait state insertion. The control interface is used to program the registers of the device and to read device status. The TAS5036 supports the standard-mode I2C bus operation (100 kHz maximum) and the fast I2C bus operation (400 kHz maximum). The TAS5036 performs all I2C operations without I2C wait cycles. The I2C bus employs two signals; SDA (data) and SCL (clock), to communicate between integrated circuits in a system. Data is transferred on the bus serially one bit at a time. The address and data are transferred in byte (8 bit) format with the most significant bit (MSB) transferred first. In addition, each byte transferred on the bus is acknowledged by the receiving device with an acknowledge bit. Each transfer operation begins with the master device driving a start condition on the bus and ends with the master device driving a stop condition on the bus. The bus uses transitions on the data terminal (SDA) while the clock is high to indicate a start and stop conditions. A high-to-low transition on SDA indicates a start, and a low-to-high transition indicates a stop. Normal data bit transitions must occur within the low time of the clock period. These conditions are shown in Figure 2–13. The master generates the 7-bit slave address and the read/write (R/W) bit to open communication with another device and then waits for an acknowledge condition. The TAS5036 holds SDA low during acknowledge clock period to indicate an acknowledgement. When this occurs, the master transmits the next byte of the sequence. Each device is addressed by a unique 7-bit slave address plus R/W bit (1 byte). All compatible devices share the same signals via a bidirectional bus using a wired-AND connection. I2C An external pullup resistor must be used for the SDA and SCL signals to set the high level for the bus. SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 21 Architecture Overview 7 Bit Slave Address SDA 7 6 5 4 3 2 R/W 1 0 A 8 Bit Register Address (N) 7 6 5 4 3 2 A 1 0 8 Bit Register Data For Address (N) 7 6 5 4 3 2 A 1 0 8 Bit Register Data For Address (N) 7 6 5 4 3 2 A 1 0 SCL Start Stop Figure 2–13. Typical I2C Sequence There are no limits on the number of bytes that can be transmitted between start and stop conditions. When the last word transfers, the master generates a stop condition to release the bus. A generic data transfer sequence is also shown in Figure 2–13. The 7-bit address for the TAS5036 is 001101X, where X is a programmable address bit. Using the CS0 terminal on the device, the LSB address bit is programmable to permit two devices to be used in a system. These two addresses are licensed I2C addresses and do not conflict with other licensed I2C audio devices. To communicate with the TAS5036, the I2C master uses 0011010 if CS0=0 and 0011011 if CS0=1. In addition to the 7-bit device address, an 8-bit register address is used to direct communication to the proper register location within the device interface. Read and write operations to the TAS5036 can be done using single byte or multiple byte data transfers. 2.5.1 Single Byte Write As shown in Figure 2–14, a single byte data write transfer begins with the master device transmitting a start condition followed by the I2C device address and the read/write bit. The read/write bit determines the direction of the data transfer. For a write data transfer, the read/write bit is 0. After receiving the correct I2C device address and the read/write bit, the TAS5036 device responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the master transmits the address byte or bytes corresponding to the TAS5036 internal memory address being accessed. After receiving the address byte, the TAS5036 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the master device transmits the data byte to be written to the memory address being accessed. After receiving the data byte, the TAS5036 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Finally, the master device transmits a stop condition to complete the single byte data write transfer. Acknowledge Start Condition A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit A0 R/W ACK A7 Acknowledge A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK D7 Register Address Acknowledge D6 D5 D4 D3 Data Byte D2 D1 D0 ACK Stop Condition Figure 2–14. Single Byte Write Transfer 2.5.2 Multiple Byte Write A multiple byte data write transfer is identical to a single byte data write transfer except that multiple data bytes are transmitted by the master device to TAS5036 as shown in Figure 2–15. After receiving each data byte, the TAS5036 responds with an acknowledge bit. 22 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Architecture Overview Acknowledge Start Condition A6 A5 A1 Acknowledge A0 R/W ACK A7 A6 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit A5 A4 A3 A1 A0 ACK D7 Register Address Acknowledge Acknowledge D6 D1 D0 ACK D7 Other Data Bytes First Data Byte D6 D1 D0 ACK Stop Condition Last Data Byte Figure 2–15. Multiple Byte Write Transfer 2.5.3 Single Byte Read As shown in Figure 2–16, a single byte data read transfer begins with the master device transmitting a start condition followed by the I2C device address and the read/write bit. For the data read transfer, a write followed by a read are actually done. Initially, a write is done to transfer the address byte or bytes of the internal memory address to be read. As a result, the read/write bit is 0. After receiving the TAS5036 address and the read/write bit, the TAS5036 responds with an acknowledge bit. Also, after sending the internal memory address byte or bytes, the master device transmits another start condition followed by the TAS5036 address and the read/write bit again. This time the read/write bit is a 1 indicating a read transfer. After receiving the TAS5036 and the read/write bit, the TAS5036 again responds with an acknowledge bit. Next, the TAS5036 transmits the data byte from the memory address being read. After receiving the data byte, the master device transmits a not acknowledge followed by a stop condition to complete the single byte data read transfer. Repeat Start Condition Start Condition Acknowledge A6 A5 A1 A0 R/W ACK A7 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Acknowledge A6 A5 A4 A0 ACK A6 A5 A1 A0 R/W ACK D7 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Register Address Not Acknowledge Acknowledge D6 D1 D0 ACK Stop Condition Data Byte Figure 2–16. Single Byte Read 2.5.4 Multiple Byte Read A multiple byte data read transfer is identical to a single byte data read transfer except that multiple data bytes are transmitted by the TAS5036 to the master device as shown in Figure 2–17. Except for the last data byte, the master device responds with an acknowledge bit after receiving each data byte. Repeat Start Condition Start Condition Acknowledge A6 A0 R/W ACK A7 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Acknowledge A6 A5 A4 A0 ACK Register Address Acknowledge A6 A0 R/W ACK D7 I2C Device Address and Read/Write Bit Not Acknowledge Acknowledge D0 ACK First Data Byte D7 Other Data Bytes D6 D1 D0 ACK Last Data Byte Stop Condition Figure 2–17. Multiple Byte Read SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 23 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions 3 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions Table 3–1 shows the register map for the TAS5036. Default values in this section are in bold. Table 3–1. I2C Register Map ADDR HEX DESCRIPTION 00 General status register 01 Error status register 02 System control register 0 03 System control register 1 04 Error recovery register 05 Automute delay 06 DC-offset control register channel 1 07 DC-offset control register channel 2 08 DC-offset control register channel 3 09 DC-offset control register channel 4 0A DC-offset control register channel 5 0B DC-offset control register channel 6 0C Interchannel delay register channel 1 0D Interchannel delay register channel 2 0E Interchannel delay register channel 3 0F Interchannel delay register channel 4 10 Interchannel delay register channel 5 11 Interchannel delay register channel 6 12 ABD delay register 13 Volume control register channel 1 14 Volume control register channel 2 15 Volume control register channel 3 16 Volume control register channel 4 17 Volume control register channel 5 18 Volume control register channel 6 19 Individual channel mute The volume table is contained in Appendix A. Default values are shown in bold in the following tables NOTE: The performance of a TDAA system is optimized by setting the PWM timing based upon the type of back-end device that is used and, to a lesser extent, the layout. These values are set during initialization using the I2C serial interface. The specific timing parameter values for each PWM and back-end configuration is contained in the EVM User Manual, Reference Design User Manual, and design application note for these devices. Please refer to the appropriate EVM User Manual, Reference Design user manual, or design application note for these values. 24 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions 3.1 General Status Register (x00) Table 3–2. General Status Register (Read Only) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 - - - - - - - No volume update is in progress. FUNCTION 1 - - - - - - - Volume update is in progress. - 0 - - - - - - Always 0 - - 1 0 0 1 1 - Device identification code - - - - - - - 0 Any valid signal is inactive (see status register (X03)) (see Note 1). - - - - - - - 1 No internal errors (all valid signals are high) NOTE 1: This bit is reset automatically when all of the valid signals are active. 3.2 Error Status Register (x01) Table 3–3. Error Status Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FUNCTION 1 - - - - - - - FS error has occurred - 1 - - - - - - Control pin change has occurred - - - 1 - - - - LRCLK error - - - - 1 - - - MCLK_IN count error - - - - - 1 - - DCLK phase error with respect to MCLK_IN - - - - - - 1 - MCLK_IN phase error with respect to DCLK - - - - - - - 1 PWM timing error 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No errors—no control pins changed NOTE 1: Write 00 hex to clear error indications in Error Status Register. 3.3 System Control Register 0 (x02) Table 3–4. System Control Register 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FUNCTION 0 0 - - - - - - Normal mode (in slave mode—quad speed detected if MCLK_IN = 128 Fs) 0 1 - - - - - - Double speed 1 0 - - - - - - Quad speed 1 1 - - - - - - Illegal - - 0 - - - - - Use de-emphasis pin controls - - 1 - - - - - Use de-emphasis I2C controls - - - 0 0 - - - No de-emphasis - - - 0 1 - - - De-emphasis for Fs = 32 kHz - - - 1 0 - - - De-emphasis for Fs = 44.1 kHz - - - 1 1 - - - De-emphasis for Fs = 48 kHz - - - - - 0 0 0 16 bit, MSB first; right justified - - - - - 0 0 1 20 bit, MSB first; right justified - - - - - 0 1 0 24 bit, MSB first; right justified - - - - - 0 1 1 16-bit IIS - - - - - 1 0 0 20-bit IIS - - - - - 1 0 1 24-bit IIS - - - - - 1 1 0 16-bit MSB first - - - - - 1 1 1 16-bit DSP Frame SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 25 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions 3.4 System Control Register 1 (x03) Table 3–5. System Control Register 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - - Valid remains high during auto mute. - 1 - - - - - - Valid goes low during auto mute. - - 0 - - - - - Valid remains high during mute. - - 1 - - - - - Valid goes low during mute. - - - 0 - - - - Mute - - - 1 - - - - Normal mode - - - - 0 - - - Set error recovery delay at 6 µs - - - - 1 - - - Set error recovery delay at 47 µs - - - - - 0 - - Error recovery (forces error recovery initialization sequence) - - - - - 1 - - Normal mode - - - - - - 0 - Auto mute disabled - - - - - - 1 - Auto mute enabled - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - 1 Normal mode Resets all I2C registers to their default conditions 3.5 FUNCTION UNUSED Error Recovery Register (x04) Table 3–6. Error Recovery Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - Put channel 6 into error recovery mode - - - 0 - - - - Put channel 5 into error recovery mode - - - - 0 - - - Put channel 4 into error recovery mode - - - - - 0 - - Put channel 3 into error recovery mode - - - - - - 0 - Put channel 2 into error recovery mode - - - - - - - 0 Put channel 1 into error recovery mode - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 Normal operation 3.6 FUNCTION Unused Automute Delay Register (x05) Table 3–7. Automute Delay Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 0 0 Set automute delay at 5 ms - - - - 0 0 0 1 Set automute delay at 10 ms - - - - 0 0 1 0 Set automute delay at 15 ms - - - - 0 0 1 1 Set automute delay at 20 ms - - - - 0 1 0 0 Set automute delay at 25 ms - - - - 0 1 0 1 Set automute delay at 30 ms - - - - 0 1 1 0 Set automute delay at 35 ms - - - - 0 1 1 1 Set automute delay at 40 ms - - - - 1 - - 0 Set automute delay at 45 ms - - - - 1 - - 1 Set automute delay at 50 ms 26 TAS5036 FUNCTION Unused SLES044B—November 2002 Serial Control Interface Register Definitions 3.7 DC-Offset Control Registers (x06–x0B) Channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are mapped into (x06, x07, x08, x09, x0A, and x0B). Table 3–8. DC-Offset Control Registers D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maximum correction for positive dc offset (–1.56% FS) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No dc-offset correction 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum correction for negative dc offset (1.56% FS) 3.8 FUNCTION Interchannel Delay Registers (x0C–x11) Channels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are mapped into (x0C, x0D, x0E, x0F, x10, and x11). The first channel delay is set at 0. Each subsequent channel has a default value that is 16 DCLKs larger than the preceding channel. Table 3–9. Six Inter-Channel Delay Registers D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum absolute delay, 0 DCLK cycles, default for channel 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Default for channel 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Default for channel 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Default for channel 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Default for channel 5 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Default for channel 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum absolute delay, 255 DCLK cycles 3.9 FUNCTION ABD Delay Register (x12) Table 3–10. ABD Delay Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 - - - - - FUNCTION - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum ABD delay, 0 DLCK cycles - - - 0 1 0 1 1 Default ABD delay, 11 DLCK cycles - - - 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum ABD delay, 31 DLCK cycles Unused 3.10 Individual Channel Mute Register (x19) Table 3–11. Individual Channel Mute Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 No channels are muted - - - - - - - 0 Mute channel 1 - - - - - - 0 - Mute channel 2 - - - - - 0 - - Mute channel 3 - - - - 0 - - - Mute channel 4 - - - 0 - - - - Mute channel 5 - - 0 - - - - - Mute channel 6 SLES044B—November 2002 FUNCTION Unused TAS5036 27 System Initialization 4 System Initialization Reset is used during system initialization to hold the TAS5036 inactive while power (VDD), the master clock (MCLK_IN), the device control, and the data signals become stable. The recommended initialization sequence is to hold RESET low for 24 MCLK_IN cycles after VDD has reached 3 V and the other control signals (MUTE, PDN, M_S, ERR_RCVRY,, DBSPD, and CS0) are stable. 3V VDD RESET 24 MCLK_IN Cycles MCLK Figure 4–1. RESET During System Initialization The serial data interface format is then set through the serial data interface control register using the serial control interface. At this point the TAS5036 is fully operational. However, the operation of the TAS5036 can be tailored as desired to meet specific operating requirements by adjusting the following: 28 • Automute delay register • DC-Offset control registers • Interchannel delay registers TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Specifications 5 Specifications 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Over Operating Temperature Ranges (Unless Otherwise Noted)† Digital supply voltage range: DVDD_CORE, DVDD_PWM, DVDD_RCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 4.2 V Analog supply voltage range: AVDD_PLL, ADD_OSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 4.2 V Digital input voltage range, VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to DVDDX + 0.3 V Operating free-air temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 85°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C ESD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 V † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions (Fs = 48 kHz) Supply voltage Digital Supply current Digital MIN TYP MAX 3 3.3 3.6 DVDDX, See Note 1 Operating 60 Power down, See Note 2 Power dissipation Digital Supply voltage Analog Supply current Analog 200 Power down 3 Analog 3.6 10 Power down, See Note 2 35 Power down, See Note 2 µW V mA 25 Operating Power dissipation 3.3 µA mW 100 AVDDX, See Note 3 Operating V mA 25 Operating UNIT µA mW 100 µW NOTES: 2. DVDD_CORE, DVDD_PWM, DVDD_RCL 3. If the clocks are turned off. 4. AVDD_PLL, AVDD_OSC 5.3 Electrical Characteristics Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) 5.3.1 Static Digital Specifications Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) MIN MAX VIH VIL High-level input voltage PARAMETER 2 DVDD1 V Low-level input voltage 0 0.8 V VOH VOL High-level output voltage Ilkg Input leakage current Low-level output voltage 5.3.2 TEST CONDITIONS IO = –1 mA IO = 4 mA 2.4 –10 UNIT V 0.4 V 10 µA Digital Interpolation Filter and PWM Modulator Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) Fs = 48 kHz PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Pass band MIN 0 Pass band ripple Stop band Stop band attenuation TYP 24.1 kHz to 152.3 kHz 20 UNIT kHz ±0.012 dB 24.1 kHz 50 dB Group delay 700 PWM modulation index (gain) 0.93 SLES044B—November 2002 MAX µs TAS5036 29 Specifications 5.3.3 TAS5036/TAS5100 System Performance Measured at the Speaker Terminals Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) Fs = 48 kHz; Input = 1 Vrms Sine Wave at 1 kHz PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN SNR (EIAJ) A-weighted Dynamic range A-weighted, -60 dB, f = 1 kHz, 20 Hz–20 kHz Signal to (noise + distortion) ratio 0 dB, 1 kHz, 20 Hz–20 kHz Pad driver power supply rejection ratio 1 kHz TYP MAX UNIT 93 dB 95 dB 0.08% dB Idle tone rejection dB Intermodulation distortion dB Frequency response dB Crosstalk dB Jitter tolerance ps PWM modulation index 5.4 0.93 Switching Characteristics 5.4.1 Command Sequence Timing 5.4.1.1 Reset Timing—RESET CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS tw(RESET) Pulses duration, RESET active tp(VALID_LOW) tp(VALID_HIGH) Propagation delay td(VOLUME) Delay time MIN TYP MAX 50 Propagation delay UNIT ns 4 42 1 µs 5 ms ms RESET tw(RESET) VALID 1–6 VOLUME 1–6 tp(VALID_LOW) td(VOLUME) tp(VALID_HIGH) Figure 5–1. RESET Timing 30 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Specifications 5.4.1.2 Power-Down Timing—PDN 5.4.1.2.1 Long Recovery CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) PARAMETER tw(PDN) Pulse duration, PDN active td(R PDNR) tp(VALID_LOW) Reset high to PDN rising edge TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 50 ns 16 MCLKS tp(VALID_HIGH) ns 85 td(VOLUME) UNIT 1 µs 100 ms 42 ms td(R PDNR) RESET PDN tw(PDN) VALID 1–6 VOLUME 1–6 Normal Operation Normal Operation tp(VALID_HIGH) tp(VALID_LOW) td(VOLUME) Figure 5–2. Power-Down and Power-Up Timing—RESET Preceding PDN SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 31 Specifications 5.4.1.2.2 Short Recovery CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) PARAMETER tw(PDN) Pulse duration, PDN active td(R PDNR) tp(VALID_LOW) PDN high to reset rising edge TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 50 ns 16 MCLKS tp(VALID_HIGH) UNIT ns 4 td(VOLUME) 1 µs 5 ms 42 ms td(R PDNR) RESET PDN tw(PDN) VALID 1–6 VOLUME 1–6 Normal Operation Normal Operation tp(VALID_HIGH) tp(VALID_LOW) td(VOLUME) Figure 5–3. Power-Down and Power-Up Timing—RESET Following PDN 5.4.1.3 Error Recovery Timing—ERR_RCVRY CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) PARAMETER tw(ER) Pulse duration, ERR_RCVRY active tp(VALID_LOW) tp(VALID_HIGH) Selectable for minimum or maximum 32 TAS5036 TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 5 MCLKS UNIT ns 6 47 µs 4 5 ms SLES044B—November 2002 Specifications tw(ER) ERR_RCVRY VALID 1–6 Normal Operation Normal Operation tp(VALID_HIGH) tp(VALID_LOW) Figure 5–4. Error Recovery Timing 5.4.1.4 MUTE Timing—MUTE CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS OVER RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) PARAMETER tw(MUTE) td(VOL) TEST CONDITIONS Pulse duration, PDN active MIN TYP MAX 3 MCLKS UNIT ns 42 ms tw(MUTE) MUTE VOLUME VALID 1–6 Normal Operation Normal Operation td(VOL) td(VOL) Figure 5–5. Mute Timing SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 33 Specifications 5.4.2 Serial Audio Port 5.4.2.1 Serial Audio Ports Slave Mode Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) PARAMETER MIN f(SCLK) tsu(SDIN) Frequency, SCLK SDIN setup time before SCLK rising edge 20 th(SDIN) f(LRCLK) SDIN hold time before SCLK rising edge 10 LRCLK frequency 32 tsu(LRCLK) 5.4.2.2 TYP MAX UNIT 12.288 MHz ns ns 48 MCLK_IN duty cycle 50% SCLK duty cycle 50% LRCLK duty cycle 50% 192 kHz LRCLK setup time before SCLK rising edge 20 ns MCLK High and Low time 20 ns Serial Audio Ports Master Mode, Load Conditions 50 pF Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) PARAMETER t(MSD) t(MLRD) 5.4.2.3 MIN TYP MAX UNIT MCLK_IN to SCLK 0 5 ns MCLK_IN to LRCLK 0 5 ns DSP Serial Interface Mode Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) PARAMETER MIN TYP MAX UNIT 12.288 MHz f(SCLK) td(FS) SCLK frequency tw(FSHIGH) tsu(SDIN) Pulse duration, sync SDIN and LRCLK setup time before SCLK falling edge 20 ns th(SDIN) SDIN and LRCLK hold time from SCLK falling edge 10 ns Delay time, SCLK rising to Fs ns 1/(64xfs) SCLK duty cycle ns 50% SCLK tsu(SDIN) th(SDIN) SDIN Figure 5–6. Right-Justified, IIS, Left-Justified Serial Protocol Timing 34 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Specifications SCLK tsu(LRCLK) LRCLK NOTE: Serial data is sampled with the rising edge of SCLK (setup time = 20 ns and hold time = 10 ns). Figure 5–7. Right, Left, and IIS Serial Mode Timing Requirement SCLK LRCLK t(MRLD) t(MSD) MCLK Figure 5–8. Serial Audio Ports Master Mode Timing SCLK tsu(LRCLK) LRCLK th(LRCLK) tw(FSHIGH) tsu(SDIN) th(SDIN) SDIN Figure 5–9. DSP Serial Port Timing SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 35 Specifications SCLK 64 SCLKS LRCLK tw(FSHIGH) SDIN 16 Bits Left Channel 16 Bits Right Channel 32 Bits Unused Figure 5–10. DSP Serial Port Expanded Timing SCLK tsu(SDIN) = 20 ns th(SDIN) = 10 ns SDIN Figure 5–11. DSP Absolute Timing 36 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Specifications 5.4.3 Serial Control Port—I 2C Operation 5.4.3.1 Timing Characteristics for I2C Interface Signals Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS STANDARD MODE MIN MAX 100 FAST MODE MIN MAX 0 400 UNIT fSCL tw(H) Frequency, SCL 0 Pulse duration, SCL high 4 0.6 µs tw(L) tr Pulse duration, SCL low 4.7 1.3 µs Rise time, SCL and SDA 1000 300 ns tf tsu1 Fall time, SCL and SDA 300 300 ns th1 t(buf) Hold time, SCL to SDA Setup time, SDA to SCL kHz 250 100 0 0 ns Bus free time between stop and start condition 4.7 1.3 µs tsu2 th2 Setup time, SCL to start condition 4.7 0.6 µs Hold time, start condition to SCL 4 0.6 µs tsu3 CL Setup time, SCL to stop condition 4 Load capacitance for each bus line tw(L) µs 0.6 400 tw(H) ns tr 400 pF tf SCLK tsu th1 SDA Figure 5–12. SCL and SDA Timing SCLK th2 t(buf) tsu2 tsu3 SDA Start Condition Stop Condition Figure 5–13. Start and Stop Conditions Timing SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 37 PWM_AP_1 CSS M_S PWM_AM_1 Valid_1 PLL_FLT_1 DA610 DSP ACLKX AFSX PLL_FLT_2 SCLK LRCLK Clock, PLL and Serial Data I/F PWM Ch. PWM_AP_2 Signal Processing MCLKOUT SDIN1 SDIN2 SDIN3 ALKX0 ALKX1 ALKX2 P1.5/IA1/TDI P1.4/SMCLK/TCK P1.0 MSP430 P1.1 P1.2 SDA SCL CSO RESET PDN PWM_AM_2 PWM Ch. Serial Control I/F Reset, Pwr Dwn and Status Auto Mute De-emphasis Soft Volume Error Recovery Soft Mute Clip Detect PWM Ch. SLES044B—November 2002 CLIP MUTE ERR_RCVY PWM AP_3 PWM AM_3 Valid_3 PWM_AP_4 PWM_AM_4 Valid_4 PWM_AP_5 PWM_AM_5 PWM Ch. Valid_5 PWM_AP_6 PWM Ch. P1.3 P2.0 Valid_2 PWM Ch. Output Control Figure 6–1. Typical TAS5036 Application XTAL_OUT XTAL_IN PWM_AM_6 Valid_6 TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET TAS5110 PWAP H-Bridge PWAM PWBM PWBP SHUTDOWN RESET Application Information DVSS_PWM DVSS_RCL DVDD_PWM DVDD_RCL VREGC_CAP VREGB_CAP AVSS_PLL VREGA_CAP AVDD_PLL TAS5036 PWM Section MCLK_IN CLKOUT Application Information 6 38 Power Supply Application Information 6.1 Serial Audio Interface Clock Master and Slave Interface Configuration 6.1.1 Slave Configuration Other Digital Audio Sources DA610 DSP (Master Mode) PCM1800 ADC Left Analog OSCI ALKR0 DOUT Right Analog BCK SYSCLK GND TAS5036 (Slave mode) XTALI OSCO XTALO ALKX0 SDIN1 ALKR1 ALKX1 SDIN2 ALKR2 ALKX2 SDIN3 ACLKR ACLKX SCLK AFSX LRCK AFSR LRCK 12.288 MHz XTAL CLKIN MCLKO CLKOUT MCLKO NC Figure 6–2. TAS5036 Serial Audio Port—Slave Mode Connection Diagram 6.1.2 Master Configuration Other Digital Audio Sources TAS5036 (Master Mode) DA610 DSP PCM1800 ADC Left Analog 12.288 MHz XTAL DOUT Right Analog BCK LRCK SYSCLK ALKR0 XTALI XTALO ALKX0 SDIN1 ALKR1 ALKX1 SDIN2 ALKR2 ALKX2 SDIN3 ACLKR ACLKX SCLK AFSX LRCK AFSR CLKIN CLKOUT GND MCLKO MCLKO Figure 6–3. TAS5036 Serial Audio Port—Master Mode Connection Diagram SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 39 Appendix A—Volume Table Appendix A—Volume Table VOLUME SETTING REGISTER VOLUME (BIN) GAIN dB VOLUME SETTING REGISTER VOLUME (BIN) 249 11111001 24 205 11001101 248 2 11111000 23.5 204 11001100 1.5 D7 – D0 GAIN dB D7 – D0 247 11110111 23 203 11001011 1 246 11110110 22.5 202 11001010 0.5 245 11110101 22 201 11001001 0 244 11110100 21.5 200 11001000 –0.5 243 11110011 21 199 11000111 –1 242 11110010 20.5 198 11000110 –1.5 241 11110001 20 197 11000101 –2 240 11110000 19.5 196 11000100 –2.5 239 11101111 19 195 11000011 –3 238 11101110 18.5 194 11000010 –3.5 237 11101101 18 193 11000001 –4 236 11101100 17.5 192 11000000 –4.5 235 11101011 170 191 10111111 –5 234 11101010 16.5 190 10111110 –5.5 233 11101001 16 189 10111101 –6 232 11101000 15.5 188 10111100 –6.5 231 11100111 15 187 10111011 –7 230 11100110 14.5 186 10111010 –7.5 229 11100101 14 185 10111001 –8 228 11100100 13.5 184 10111000 –8.5 227 11100011 13 183 10110111 –9 226 11100010 12.5 182 10110110 –9.5 225 11100001 12 181 10110101 –10 224 11100000 11.5 180 10110100 –10.5 223 11011111 11 179 10110011 –11 222 11011110 10.5 178 10110010 –11.5 221 11011101 10 177 10110001 –12 220 11011100 9.5 176 10110000 –12.5 219 11011011 9 175 10101111 –13 218 11011010 8.5 174 10101110 –13.5 217 11011001 8 173 10101101 –14 216 11011000 7.5 172 10101100 –14.5 215 11010111 7 171 10101011 –15 214 11010110 6.5 170 10101010 –15.5 213 11010101 6 169 10101001 –16 212 11010100 5.5 168 10101000 –16.5 211 11010011 5 167 10100111 –17 210 11010010 4.5 166 10100110 –17.5 209 11010001 4 165 10100101 –18 208 11010000 3.5 164 10100100 –18.5 207 11001111 3 163 10100011 –19 206 11001110 2.5 162 10100010 –19.5 SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 41 Appendix A—Volume Table VOLUME SETTING REGISTER VOLUME (BIN) GAIN dB VOLUME SETTING D7 – D0 42 REGISTER VOLUME (BIN) GAIN dB D7 – D0 161 10100001 –20 116 01110100 –42.5 160 10100000 –20.5 115 01110011 –43 159 10011111 –21 114 01110010 –43.5 158 10011110 –21.5 113 01110001 –44 157 10011101 –22 112 01110000 –44.5 156 10011100 –22.5 111 01101111 –45 155 10011011 –23 110 01101110 –45.5 154 10011010 –23.5 109 01101101 –46 153 10011001 –24 108 01101100 –46.5 152 10011000 –24.5 107 01101011 –47 151 10010111 –25 106 01101010 –47.5 150 10010110 –25.5 105 01101001 –48 149 10010101 –26 104 01101000 –48.5 148 10010100 –26.5 103 01100111 –49 147 10010011 –27 102 01100110 –49.5 146 10010010 –27.5 101 01100101 –50 145 10010001 –28 100 01100100 –50.5 144 10010000 –28.5 99 01100011 –51 –51.5 143 10001111 –29 98 01100010 142 10001110 –29.5 97 01100001 –52 141 10001101 –30 96 01100000 –52.5 140 10001100 –30.5 95 01011111 –53 139 10001011 –31 94 01011110 –53.5 138 10001010 –31.5 93 01011101 –54 137 10001001 –32 92 01011100 –54.5 136 10001000 –32.5 91 01011011 –55 135 10000111 –33 90 01011010 –55.5 134 10000110 –33.5 89 01011001 –56 133 10000101 –34 88 01011000 –56.5 132 10000100 –34.5 87 01010111 –57 131 10000011 –35 86 01010110 –57.5 130 10000010 –35.5 85 01010101 –58 129 10000001 –36 84 01010100 –58.5 128 10000000 –36.5 83 01010011 –59 –59.5 127 01111111 –37 82 01010010 126 01111110 –37.5 81 01010001 –60 125 01111101 –38 80 01010000 –60.5 124 01111100 –38.5 79 01001111 –61 123 01111011 –39 78 01001110 –61.5 122 01111010 –39.5 77 01001101 –62 121 01111001 –40 76 01001100 –62.5 120 01111000 –40.5 75 01001011 –63 119 01110111 –41 74 01001010 –63.5 118 01110110 –41.5 73 01001001 –64 117 01110101 –42 72 01001000 –64.5 TAS5036 SLES044B—November 2002 Appendix A—Volume Table VOLUME SETTING REGISTER VOLUME (BIN) VOLUME SETTING REGISTER VOLUME 71 01000111 –65 36 00100100 70 69 01000110 –65.5 35 00100011 –83 01000101 –66 34 00100010 –83.5 68 01000100 –66.5 33 00100001 –84 00100000 –84.6 00011111 –85.1 GAIN dB D7 – D0 (BIN) GAIN dB D7 – D0 –82.6 67 01000011 –67 32 66 01000010 –67.5 31 65 01000001 –68 30 00011110 –85.8 29 00011101 –86.1 28 00011100 –86.8 27 00011011 –87.2 26 00011010 –87.5 25 00011001 –88.4 24 00011000 –88.8 64 01000000 –68.5 63 00111111 –69 62 00111110 –69.5 61 00111101 –70 60 00111100 –70.5 59 00111011 –71 23 00010111 –89.3 58 00111010 –71.5 22 00010110 –89.8 57 00111001 –72 21 00010101 –90.3 56 00111000 –72.5 20 00010100 –90.9 55 00110111 –73 19 00010011 –91.5 54 00110110 –73.5 18 00010010 –92.1 53 00110101 –74 17 00010001 –92.8 00010000 –93.6 52 00110100 –74.5 16 51 00110011 –75 15 00001111 –94.4 –75.5 14 00001110 –95.3 13 00001101 –96.3 12 00001100 –97.5 11 00001011 –98.8 10 00001010 –100.4 9 00001001 –102.4 8 00001000 –104.9 7 00000111 –108.4 6 00000110 –114.4 50 00110010 49 00110001 –76 48 00110000 –76.6 47 00101111 –77 46 00101110 –77.5 45 00101101 –78 44 00101100 –78.5 43 00101011 –79 42 00101010 –79.6 5 00000101 MUTE 41 00101001 –80.1 4 00000100 MUTE 40 00101000 –80.6 3 00000011 MUTE 39 00100111 –81.1 2 00000010 MUTE 38 00100110 –81.5 1 00000001 MUTE 37 00100101 –82.1 0 00000000 MUTE SLES044B—November 2002 TAS5036 43