TI UCD8220QPWPRQ1

UCD8220-Q1
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SLUSB36A – JUNE 2012 – REVISED JUNE 2012
DIGITALLY MANAGED PUSH-PULL ANALOG PWM CONTROLLERS
Check for Samples: UCD8220-Q1
FEATURES
1
•
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AEC-Q100 Qualified With the Following
Results:
– Device Temperature Grade 1: –40°C to
125°C Ambient Operating Temperature
Range
– Device HBM ESD Classification Level H2
– Device CDM ESD Classification Level C3B
For Digitally Managed Power Supplies Using
μCs or the TMS320 ™ DSP Family
Voltage or Peak Current Mode Control with
Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting
Clock Input from Digital Controller to Set
Operating Frequency and Max Duty Cycle
Analog PWM Comparator
2-MHz Switching Frequency
110-V Input Startup Circuit and Thermal
Shutdown (UCD8620)
Internal Programmable Slope Compensation
3.3-V, 10-mA Linear Regulator
DSP/μC Compatible Inputs
Dual ±4-A TrueDrive™ Integrated Circuit High
Current Drivers
10-ns Typical Rise and Fall Times with 2.2-nF
25-ns Input-to-Output Propagation Delay
25-ns Current Sense-to-Output Propagation
Delay
Programmable Current Limit Threshold
•
•
Digital Output Current Limit Flag
4.5-V to 15.5-V Supply Voltage Range
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
Digitally Managed Switch Mode Power
Supplies
Push-Pull, Half-Bridge, or Full-Bridge
Converters
Battery Chargers
DESCRIPTION
The UCD8220-Q1 analog pulse-width modulator
device is used in digitally managed power supplies
using a microcontroller or the TMS320 DSP family.
UCD8220-Q1 is a double-ended PWM controller
configured with push-pull drive logic.
Systems using the UCD8220-Q1 device close the
PWM feedback loop with traditional analog methods,
but the UCD8220-Q1 controller includes circuitry to
interpret a time-domain digital pulse train. The pulse
train contains the operating frequency and maximum
duty cycle limit which are used to control the power
supply operation. This eases implementation of a
converter with high level control features without the
added complexity or possible PWM resolution
limitations of closing the control loop in the discrete
time domain.
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
TMS320, TrueDrive, PowerPAD are trademarks of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated
UCD8220-Q1
SLUSB36A – JUNE 2012 – REVISED JUNE 2012
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UCD8220-Q1
Figure 1. UCD8220-Q1 Typical Simplified Push-Pull Converter Application Schematic
2
Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated
UCD8220-Q1
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SLUSB36A – JUNE 2012 – REVISED JUNE 2012
DESCRIPTION (continued)
The UCD8220-Q1 can be configured for either peak current mode or voltage mode control. It provides a
programmable current limit function and a digital output current limit flag which can be monitored by the host
controller to set the current limit operation. For fast switching speeds, the output stage uses the TrueDrive output
circuit architecture, which delivers rated current of ±4-A into the gate of a MOSFET. Finally it also includes a 3.3V, 10-mA linear regulator to provide power to the digital controller or act as a reference in the system.
The UCD8220-Q1 controller is compatible with the standard 3.3-V I/O ports of UCD9K digital power controllers,
DSPs, microcontrollers, or ASICs and is offered in the PowerPAD™ integrated circuit package HTSSOP.
SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION DIAGRAMS
UCD8220-Q1
Figure 2. UCD8220-Q1 Typical Simplified Half-Bridge Converter Application Schematic
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with
appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.
ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more
susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.
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CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
HTSSOP PACKAGE (PWP-16)
UCD8220-Q1 (TOP VIEW)
NC
CLK
3V3
ISET
AGND
CTRL
CLF
ILIM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
NC
NC
VDD
PVDD
OUT1
OUT2
PGND
CS
ORDERING INFORMATION (1)
TA
PACKAGE
REEL
–40°C to 125°C
HTSSOP-16 (PWP)
2000
(1)
(2)
(3)
ORDERABLE PART NUMBER (2)
(3)
TOP-SIDE MARKING
UCD8220QPWPRQ1
UC8220Q
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the
device product folder at www.ti.com.
The HTSSOP-16 (PWP) package is available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to device type (e.g. UCD8220PWPR) to order quantities of
2,000 devices per reel for the PWP package and 1,000 devices per reel for the RSA and RGW packages.
These products are packaged in Pb-Free and Green lead finish of Pd-Ni-Au which is compatible with MSL level 1 at 255°C to 260°C
peak reflow temperature to be compatible with either lead free or Sn/Pb soldering operations.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)
(2)
PARAMETER
VDD
VALUE
MIN
Supply Voltage
IDD
Supply Current
VO
Output Gate Drive Voltage
IO(sink)
IO(source)
MAX
16
Quiescent
20
Switching, TA = 25°C, TJ = 125°C, VDD = 12 V
200
OUT
Output Gate Drive Current
OUT
Analog Input
ISET, CS, CTRL, ILIM
Digital I/O’s
CLK, CLF
–1 to PVDD
–4
–0.3
3.6
–0.3
3.6
Operating Junction Temperature Range
–55
150
Tstg
Storage Temperature Range
–65
150
Human-body model (HBM) AEC-Q100
Classification Level H2
2000
Charged-device model (CDM) AEC-Q100
Classification Level C3B
500
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)
(2)
(3)
4
mA
V
4
TJ
(1)
V
A
V
See Thermal Information
Table
Continuous Total Power Dissipation
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Rating (3)
UNIT
°C
V
300
°C
Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltages are with respect to GND. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal.
Tested to JEDEC standard EIA/JESD22 - A114-B.
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THERMAL INFORMATION
THERMAL METRIC (1)
UCD8220-Q1
PWP (16 PINS)
θJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
40.1
θJCtop
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
29.5
θJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
24.2
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
1
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
24
θJCbot
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
1.8
(1)
UNIT
°C/W
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 12 V, 4.7-µF capacitor from VDD to AGND, 1 μF from PVDD to PGND, 0.22-µF capacitor from 3V3 to AGND,
TA = TJ = –40°C to 125°C, (unless otherwise noted).
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SUPPLY SECTION
Supply current, OFF
VDD = 4.2 V
Supply current, ON
(UCD8220-Q1), outputs not switching, CLK = low
300
1.6
500
µA
3
mA
LOW VOLTAGE UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UCD8220-Q1 only)
VDD UVLO ON
4.25
4.5
4.75
VDD UVLO OFF
4.05
4.25
4.45
VDD UVLO hysteresis
150
250
350
3.267
3.3
3.333
3.234
3.3
3.366
V
mV
REFERENCE / EXTERNAL BIAS SUPPLY
3V3 initial set point
TA = 25°C, ILOAD = 0
3V3 set point over temperature
3V3 load regulation
ILOAD = 1 mA to 10 mA, VDD = 5 V
-
1
6.6
3V3 line regulation
VDD = 4.75 V to 12 V, ILOAD = 10 mA
-
1
6.6
Short circuit current
VDD = 4.75 to 12 V
9
20
35
3V3 OK threshold, ON
3.3 V rising
2.9
3.0
3.1
3V3 OK threshold, OFF
3.3 V falling
2.7
2.8
2.9
HIGH, positive-going input threshold
voltage (VIT+)
1.65
-
2.08
LOW negative-going input threshold
voltage (VIT–)
1.16
-
1.5
0.6
-
0.8
-
-
V
mV
mA
V
CLOCK INPUT (CLK)
Input voltage hysteresis,
(VIT+–VIT–)
Frequency
Minimum allowable off time
OUTx = 1 MHz
(1)
V
2
MHz
20
ns
V
SLOPE COMPENSATION (ISET)
ISET Voltage
m, VSLOPE (I-Mode)
m, VSLOPE (V-Mode)
VISET , 3V3 = 3.3 V, ±2%
1.78
1.84
1.90
RISET = 6.19 kΩ to AGND, CS = 0.25 V, CTRL = 2.5 V
1.48
2.12
2.76
RISET = 100 kΩ to AGND, CS = 0.25 V, CTRL = 2.5 V
0.099
0.142
0.185
RISET = 499 kΩ to AGND, CS = 0.25 V, CTRL = 2.5 V
0.019
0.028
0.037
RISET = 4.99 kΩ to 3V3, CTRL = 2.5 V
1.44
2.06
2.68
RISET = 100 kΩ to 3V3, CTRL = 2.5 V
0.068
0.114
0.148
RISET = 402 kΩ to 3v3, CTRL = 2.5 V
0.016
0.027
0.035
ISET resistor range
Current mode control; RISET connected to AGND
6.19
499
ISET resistor range
Voltage mode control; RISET connected to 3V3
4.99
402
ISET current range
Voltage mode control with Feed-Forward; RISET connected to
VIN
3.7
300
V/µs
kΩ
μA
PWM
PWM offset at CTRL input
3V3 = 3.3 V ±2%
CTRL buffer gain (1)
Gain from CTRL to PWM comparator input
0.45
0.51
0.6
0.5
V
V/V
CURRENT LIMIT (ILIM)
ILIM internal current limit threshold
0.466
0.5
0.536
ILIM maximum current limit threshold ILIM = 3.3 V
0.975
1.025
1.075
ILIM current limit threshold
ILIM = 0.75 V
0.700
0.725
0.750
ILIM minimum current limit threshold
ILIM = 0.25 V
CLF output high level
CS > ILIM , ILOAD = –7 mA
CLF output low level
CS ≤ ILIM, ILOAD = 7 mA
(1)
6
ILIM = OPEN
0.2
0.23
0.25
2.64
-
-
-
-
0.66
V
V
V
V
Specified by design. Not 100% tested in production.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VDD = 12 V, 4.7-µF capacitor from VDD to AGND, 1 μF from PVDD to PGND, 0.22-µF capacitor from 3V3 to AGND,
TA = TJ = –40°C to 125°C, (unless otherwise noted).
PARAMETER
Propagation delay from CLK to CLF
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
CLK rising to CLF falling after a current limit event
-
15
25
ns
Includes CS comp offset
5
25
50
mV
-
–1
-
μA
CURRENT SENSE COMPARATOR
Bias voltage
Input bias current
Propagation delay from CS to OUTx
ILIM = 0.5 V, measured on OUTx, CS = threshold + 60 mV
-
25
40
Propagation delay from CS to CLF
ILIM = 0.5 V, measured on CLF, CS = threshold + 60 mV
-
25
50
10
35
75
VDD = 12 V, CLK = high, OUTx = 5 V
-
4
-
VDD = 12 V, CLK = low, OUTx = 5 V
-
4
-
VDD = 4.75 V, CLK = high, OUTx = 0
-
2
-
ns
CURRENT SENSE DISCHARGE TRANSISTOR
Discharge resistance
CLK = low, resistance from CS to AGND
Ω
OUTPUT DRIVERS
Source current
Sink current
Source current
Sink current
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
VDD = 4.75 V, CLK = low, OUTx = 4.75 V
-
3
-
Rise time, tR
CLOAD = 2.2 nF, VDD = 12 V
-
10
20
Fall time, tF
CLOAD = 2.2 nF, VDD = 12 V
-
10
15
Output with VDD < UVLO
VDD = 1.0 V, ISINK = 10 mA
-
0.8
1.2
CLOAD = open, VDD = 12 V, CLK rising, tD1
-
25
35
25
35
Propagation delay from CLK to OUTx
(2)
CLOAD = open, VDD = 12 V, CLK falling, tD2
A
ns
V
ns
Specified by design. Not 100% tested in production.
VIT+
INPUT
VIT−
tF
tF
t D1
90%
t D2
OUTPUT
10%
Figure 3. Timing Diagram
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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS
16 NC
NC 1
15 NC
CLK 2
14 VDD
3V3 Regulator
and
Reference
3V3 3
UVLO
13 PVDD
12 OUT1
DRIVE
LOGIC
11 OUT2
ISET 4
PWM
PWM
CTRL 6
10 PGND
AGND 5
CLF 7
CURRENT
LIMIT
ILIM 8
CURRENT
SENSE
9 CS
Figure 4. UCD8220-Q1
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
PIN NUMBER
PIN NAME
UCD8220-Q1
I/O
FUNCTION
HTSSOP-16
(PWP)
8
CLK
2
I
Clock. Input pulse train contains operating frequency and maximum duty cycle limit. This pin is a high
impedance digital input capable of accepting 3.3-V logic level signals up to 2 MHz. There is an internal
Schmitt trigger comparator which isolates the internal circuitry from any external noise.
CLF
7
O
Current limit flag. When the CS level is greater than the ILIM voltage minus 25 mV, the output driver is
forced low and the current limit flag (CLF) is set high. The CLF signal is latched high until the device
receives the next rising edge on the CLK pin. This signal is also used for the start-up handshaking
between the Digital controller and the analog controller
ISET
4
I
Pin for programming the current used to set the amount of slope compensation in Peak-Current Mode
control or to set the internal capacitor charging in voltage mode control.
3V3
3
O
Regulated 3.3-V rail. The onboard linear voltage regulator is capable of sourcing up to 10 mA of current.
Place 0.22 μF of ceramic capacitance from this pin to analog ground.
AGND
5
-
Analog ground return
ILIM
8
I
Current limit threshold set pin. The current limit threshold can be set to any value between 0.25 V and 1.0
V. The default value while open is 0.5 V.
CTRL
6
I
Input for the error feedback voltage from the external error amplifier. This input is multiplied by 0.5 and
routed to the negative input of the PWM comparator
NC
1, 15, 16
-
No connection.
CS
9
I
Current sense pin. Fast current limit comparator connected to the CS pin is used to protect the power
stage by implementing cycle-by-cycle current limiting.
PGND
10
-
Power ground return. This pin should be connected close to the source of the power MOSFET.
OUT2
11
O
The high-current TrueDrive integrated circuit driver output.
OUT1
12
O
The high-current TrueDrive integrated circuit driver output.
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PIN NUMBER
UCD8220-Q1
PIN NAME
I/O
FUNCTION
HTSSOP-16
(PWP)
Supply pin provides power for the output drivers. It is not connected internally to the VDD supply rail. The
bypass capacitor for this pin should be returned to PGND.
PVDD
13
VDD
14
I
Supply input pin to power the control circuitry. Bypass the pin with at least 4.7 μF of capacitance, returned
to AGND.
VIN
-
I
Input to the internal start-up circuitry rated to 110 V. This pin connects directly to the input power rail.
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
UCD8220-Q1
UVLO THRESHOLD
vs
TEMPERATURE
3V3 REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs
TEMPERATURE
5.0
3.36
UVLO on
4.5
3.34
UVLO off
3V3 − Reference Voltage − V
VUVLO − UVLO Thresholds − V
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
3.32
3.30
3.28
1.0
3.26
0.5
0.0
−50
UVLO hysteresis
3.24
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
−50
−25
t − Temperature − °C
Figure 5.
0
25
50
75
t − Temperature − °C
100
125
Figure 6.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
3V3 SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT
vs
TEMPERATURE
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREQUENCY (VDD = 5 V)
160
140
22.5
IDD − Supply Current − mA
ISHORT_CKT − Short Circuit Current − mA
23.0
22.0
VDD = 4.75 V
21.5
VDD = 12 V
21.0
100
80
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
60
40
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
20.5
20
20.0
CLOAD = 1 nF
0
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
t − Temperature − °C
100
125
0
500
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREQUENCY (VDD = 8 V)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREQUENCY (VDD = 10 V)
280
320
240
280
CLOAD = 10 nF
200
160
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
120
80
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
40
1500
240
CLOAD = 10 nF
200
160
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
120
80
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
40
CLOAD = 1 nF
0
0
500
1000
CLOAD = 1 nF
0
1500
0
500
1000
1500
f − Frequency − kHz
f − Frequency − kHz
Figure 9.
10
1000
f − Frequency − kHz
IDD − Supply Current − mA
IDD − Supply Current − mA
CLOAD = 10 nF
120
Figure 10.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREQUENCY (VDD = 12 V)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREQUENCY (VDD = 15 V)
500
400
450
300
IDD − Supply Current − mA
IDD − Supply Current − mA
350
CLOAD = 10 nF
250
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
200
150
100
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
400
CLOAD = 10 nF
350
300
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
250
200
150
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
100
50
50
CLOAD = 1 nF
CLOAD = 1 nF
0
0
500
0
0
1500
1000
1500
1000
500
f − Frequency − kHz
f − Frequency − kHz
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
CLK INPUT THRESHOLD
vs
TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT RISE TIME AND FALL TIME
vs
TEMPERATURE (VDD = 12 V)
2.5
18
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
16
tR, tF − Rise and Fall Times − ns
CLK Input Rising
VI − CLK Input Voltage − V
2.0
1.5
CLK Input Falling
1.0
0.5
tR = Rise Time
14
12
10
tF = Fall Time
8
6
4
2
0
0.0
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TJ − Temperature − °C
TJ − Temperature − °C
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
OUTPUT RISE TIME
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
OUTPUT FALL TIME
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
65
45
40
CLOAD = 10 nF
tF − Output Fall Time − ns
tR − Output Rise Time − ns
55
45
35
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
25
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
35
CLOAD = 10 nF
30
25
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
20
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
15
15
CLOAD = 1 nF
10
CLOAD = 1 nF
5
5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
5
12.5
15
Figure 16.
CLK to OUTx PROPAGATION DELAY RISING
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
CLK TO OUTx PROPAGATION DELAY FALLING
vs
SUPPLY CURRENT
25
tPD − Propagation Delay, Falling − ns
tPD − Propagation Delay, Rising − ns
10
Figure 15.
20
CLOAD = 10 nF
15
10
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
5
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
CLOAD = 10 nF
20
15
CLOAD = 4.7 nF
10
CLOAD = 2.2 nF
CLOAD = 1 nF
CLOAD = 1 nF
5
0
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
Figure 17.
12
7.5
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
Figure 18.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
DEFAULT CURRENT LIMIT THRESHOLD
vs
TEMPERATURE
CS TO OUTx PROPAGATION DELAY
vs
TEMPERATURE
0.59
tPD − CS to OUTx Propagation Delay − ns
40
VCS − Current Limit Threshold − V
0.58
0.57
0.56
0.55
0.54
0.53
0.52
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.51
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
TJ − Temperature − °C
TJ − Temperature − °C
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
CS TO CLF PROPAGATION DELAY
vs
TEMPERATURE
CLK TO OUT PROPAGATION DELAY
vs
TEMPERATURE
50
125
35
30
40
tPD − Propagation Delay − ns
tPD − CS to CLF Propagation Delay − ns
45
35
30
25
20
15
10
25
20
15
10
5
5
0
0
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
−50
−25
0
25
50
TJ − Temperature − °C
TJ − Temperature − °C
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
75
100
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13
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
UCD8220-Q1
START-UP BEHAVIOR AT VDD = 12 V
UCD8220-Q1
SHUT-DOWN BEHAVIOR AT VDD = 12 V
CLK = CTRL = 3V3
CLK = CTRL = 3V3
VDD (2 V/div)
VDD (2 V/div)
3V3 (2 V/div)
OUTx (2 V/div)
3V3 (2 V/div)
OUTx (2 V/div)
t − Time − 40 ms/div
t − Time − 40 ms/div
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
UCD8220-Q1
START-UP BEHAVIOR AT VDD = 12 V
UCD8220-Q1
SHUT-DOWN BEHAVIOR AT VDD = 12 V
CLK = AGND
CTRL = 3V3
VDD (2 V/div)
CLK = AGND
CTRL = 3V3
VDD (2 V/div)
3V3 (2 V/div)
OUTx (2 V/div)
3V3 (2 V/div)
OUTx (2 V/div)
t − Time − 40 ms/div
t − Time − 40 ms/div
Figure 25.
14
Figure 26.
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
INTERNAL SLOPE COMPENSATION IN CMC
vs
TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT RISE AND FALL TIME
(VDD = 12 V, CLOAD = 10 nF)
Output Voltage − 2 V/div
Internal Slope Compensation in CMC - V/ms
0.146
Current Mode Slope,
RISET = 100 k
0.144
0.142
0.140
0.138
0.136
0.134
t − Time − 40 ns/div
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TJ − Temperature − °C
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
PWM OFFSET AT CTRL INPUT
vs
TEMPERATURE
0.532
PWM Offset at CTRL Input − V
0.530
0.528
0.526
0.524
0.522
0.520
0.518
−50
−25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TJ − Temperature − °C
Figure 29.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
Introduction
The UCD8220-Q1 is a digitally managed analog
PWM controller configured with push-pull drive logic.
In systems using the UCD8220-Q1 device, the PWM
feedback loop is closed using the traditional analog
methods, but the UCD8220-Q1 includes circuitry to
interpret a time-domain digital pulse train from a
digital controller. The pulse train contains the
operating frequency and maximum duty cycle limit
and hence controls the power supply operation. This
eases implementing a converter with high-level
control features without the added complexity or
digital PWM resolution limitations encountered when
closing the voltage control loop in the discrete time
domain.
The UCD8220-Q1 can be configured for either peak
current mode or voltage mode control. It provides a
programmable current limit function and a digital
output current limit flag which can be monitored by
the host controller. For fast switching speeds, the
output stages use the TrueDrive output circuit
architecture, which delivers rated current of ±4-A into
the gate of a MOSFET during the Miller plateau
region of the switching transition. Finally they also
include a 3.3-V, 10-mA linear regulator to provide
power for the digital controller.
The UCD8220-Q1 includes circuitry and features to
ease implementing a converter that is managed by a
microcontroller or a digital signal processor. Digitally
managed
power
supplies
provide
software
programmability and monitoring capability of a power
supply's operation including:
• Switching frequency
• Synchronization
• DMAX
• V x S clamp
• Input UVLO start/stop voltage
• Input OVP start/stop voltage
• Soft-start profile
• Current limit operation
• Shutdown
• Temperature shutdown
CLK Input Time-Domain Digital Pulse Train
While the loop is closed in the analog domain, the
UCD8220-Q1 is managed by a time-domain digital
pulse train from a digital controller. The pulse train,
shown as CLK in Figure 30, contains the operating
frequency and maximum duty cycle limit and hence
controls the power supply operation as listed above.
16
The pulse train uses a Texas Instruments
communication protocol which is a proprietary
communication system that provides handles for
control of the power supply operation through
software programming. The rising edge of the CLK
signal represents the switching frequency. Figure 30
depicts the operation of the UCD8220-Q1 in one of 5
modes. At the time when the internal signal REF OK
is low, the UCD8220-Q1 is not ready to accept CLK
inputs. Once the REF OK signal goes high, then the
device is ready to process inputs. While the CLK
input is low, the outputs are disabled and the CLK
signal is used as an enable input. Once the Digital
controller completes its initialization routine and
verifies that all voltages are within their operating
range, then it starts the soft-start procedure by slowly
ramping up the duty cycle of the CLK signal, while
maintaining the desired switching frequency. The
CLK duty cycle continues to increase until it reaches
steady-state where the analog control loop takes over
and regulates the output voltage to the desired set
point. During steady state, the duty cycle of the CLK
pulse can be set using a volt second product
calculation in order to protect the primary of the
power transformer from saturation during transients.
When the power supply enters current limit, the
outputs are quickly turned off, and the CLF signal is
set high in order to notify the digital controller that the
last power pulse was truncated because of an
overcurrent event. The benefit of this technique is in
the flexibility it offers.
The software is now in charge of the response to
overcurrent events. In typical analog designs, the
power supply response to overcurrent is hardwired in
the silicon. With this method, the user can configure
the response differently for different applications. For
example, the software can be configured to latch-off
the power supply in response the first overcurrent
event, or to allow a fixed number of current limit
events, so that the supply is capable of starting up
into a capacitive load. The user can also configure
the supply to enter into hiccup mode immediately or
after a certain number of current limit events. As
described later in this data sheet, the current limit
threshold can be varied in time to create unique
current limit profiles. For example, the current limit set
point can be set high for a predefined number of
cycles to blow a manual fuse, and can be reduced
down to protect the system in the event of a faulty
fuse.
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(1)
(2)
Start up (3)
Steady State (4)
Current Limit (5)
UVLO and
REF OK*
CLK
CTRL
RAMP*
PWM*
OUT
CS
CLF
*
- Internal signals
Figure 30. UCD8220-Q1 Timing and Circuit Operation Diagram
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Current Sensing and Protection
UCD8220-Q1
40 kW
20 kW
10 kW
2.5 kW
UCD8220-Q1
UCD8220-Q1
Internal set point
UCD8220-Q1
Figure 31. ILIM Settings
18
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Selecting the ISET Resistor for Voltage Mode
Control
3V3
3V3
(3)
R_ISET
ISET
(4)
I_SC = (3.3 - 1.85) / (11 x R_ISET)
R
PWM
+
Selecting the ISET Resistor for Voltage Mode
Control with Voltage Feed Forward
CTRL
(6)
3V3
VIN
R
+
TO CLEAR
of
PWM LATCH
Figure 33 shows the nominal value of resistance to
use for a desired clock frequency. Note that for the
UCD8220-Q1, which has two outputs controlled by
push-pull logic, the output ripple frequency is equal to
the clock frequency; and each output switches at half
the clock frequency.
0.25 V
R_ISET
S1
OUT
Figure 32. UCD8220-Q1 Configured in Voltage
Mode Control with an Internal Timing Capacitor
When the ISET resistor is configured as shown in
Figure 32 with the ISET resistor connected between
the ISET pin and the 3V3 pin, the device is set up for
voltage mode control. For purposes of voltage loop
compensation the, voltage ramp is 1.4 V from the
valley to the peak. See Equation 1 for selecting the
proper resistance for a desired clock frequency.
12
R_ISET =
(3.3 - 1.85) x 10
W
11 x 1.4 x fclk x 9.4
(1)
Where:
fclk = Desired Clock Frequency in Hz.
TO CLEAR
of
PWM LATCH
OUT
ON
PWM
+
R
CTRL
(6)
R
0.25 V
S1
Cint
9.4 pF
OFF
Figure 34. UCD8220-Q1 Configured in Voltage
Mode Control with Voltage Feed Forward
When the ISET resistor is configured as shown in
Figure 34 with the ISET resistor connected between
the ISET pin and the input voltage, VIN, the device is
configured for voltage mode control with voltage feed
forward. For the purposes of voltage loop
compensation, the voltage ramp is 1.4 x Vin/Vin_max
volts from the valley to the peak. See Equation 2 for
selecting the proper resistance for a desired clock
frequency and input voltage range.
1M
12
R_ISET =
R_ISET Resistance − W
ISET
(4)
I_SC = (3.3 - 1.85) / (11 x R_ISET)
OFF
+
ON
Cint
9.4 pF
(Vin_max - 1.85) x 10
11 x 1.4 x fclk x 9.4
W
(2)
Where:
fclk = Desired Clock Frequency in Hz.
100 k
For a general discussion of the benefits of voltage
mode control with voltage feed forward, see
Reference [5].
Selecting the ISET Resistor for Peak Current
10 k
1k
10
100
1000
10000
Clock Frequency − kHz
Figure 33. ISET Resistance Versus Clock
Frequency
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Mode Control with Internal Slope Compensation
3V3
ISET
(4)
I_SC = 1.85 / (11 x R_ISET)
R_ISET
R
PWM
-
+
Handshaking
0.25 V
Cint
12 pF
S1
OUT
ON
R
+
TO CLEAR
of
PWM LATCH
CTRL
(6)
OFF
CS
(9)
S2
Figure 35. UCD8220-Q1 Configured in Peak
Current Control with Internal Slope Compensation
When the ISET resistor is configured as shown in
Figure 35 with the ISET resistor connected between
the ISET pin and AGND, the device is configured for
peak current mode control with internal slope
compensation. The voltage at the ISET pin is 1.85
volts so the internal slope compensation current,
I_SC, being fed into the internal slope compensation
capacitor is equal to 1.85 / (11x R_ISET). The voltage
slope at the PWM comparator input which is
generated by this current is equal to:
6
SLOPE =
The amount of slope compensation required depends
on the design of the power stage and the output
specifications. A general rule is to add an up-slope
equal to the down slope of the output inductor. Refer
to References 6 and 7 for a more detailed discussion
regarding slope compensation in peak current mode
controlled power stages.
1.85 x 10
V/ms
11 x R_ISET x 12
(3)
10.0
The UCD8220-Q1 has a built-in handshaking feature
to facilitate efficient start-up of the digitally managed
power supply. At start-up the CLF flag is held high
until all the internal and external supply voltages of
the UCD8220-Q1 is within its operating range. Once
the supply voltages are within acceptable limits, the
CLF goes low and the device processes the CLK
signals. The digital controller should monitor the CFL
flag at start-up and wait for the CLF flag to go LOW
before sending CLK pulses to the UCD8220-Q1
device.
Driver Output
The high-current output stage of the UCD8220-Q1 is
capable of supplying ±4-A peak current pulses and
swings to both PVDD and PGND.
The drive output uses the Texas Instruments
TrueDrive output circuit architecture, which delivers
rated current into the gate of a MOSFET when it is
most needed, during the Miller plateau region of the
switching transition providing efficiency gains.
The TrueDrive integrated circuit consists of pullup/pull-down circuits with bipolar and MOSFET
transistors in parallel. The peak output current rating
is the combined current from the bipolar and
MOSFET transistors. This hybrid output stage also
allows efficient current sourcing at low supply
voltages.
RISET − Slope − V/µs
Source/Sink Capabilities During Miller Plateau
Large power MOSFETs present a large load to the
control circuitry. Proper drive is required for efficient,
reliable operation. The UCD8220-Q1 driver has been
optimized to provide maximum drive to a power
MOSFET during the Miller plateau region of the
switching transition. This interval occurs while the
drain voltage is swinging between the voltage levels
dictated by the power topology, requiring the
charging/discharging of the drain-gate capacitance
with current supplied or removed by the driver device.
See Reference [2].
1.0
0.1
0.01
103
104
105
106
RISET − Resistance − Ω
Figure 36. Slope vs RISET Resistance
20
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Drive Current and Power Requirements
Thermal Information
The UCD8220-Q1 contains drivers which can deliver
high current into a MOSFET gate for a period of
several hundred nanoseconds. High-peak current is
required to turn on a MOSFET. Then, to turn off a
MOSFET, the driver is required to sink a similar
amount of current to ground. This repeats at the
operating frequency of the power device.
The useful range of a driver is greatly affected by the
drive power requirements of the load and the thermal
characteristics of the device package. In order for a
power driver to be useful over a particular
temperature range the package must allow for the
efficient removal of the heat produced while keeping
the junction temperature within rated limits. The
UCD8220-Q1 is available in PowerPAD integrated
circuit packages TSSOP and QFN/DFN to cover a
range of application requirements. Both have an
exposed pad to enhance thermal conductivity from
the semiconductor junction.
Reference [2] discusses the current required to drive
a power MOSFET and other capacitive-input
switching devices.
When a driver device is tested with a discrete,
capacitive load it is a fairly simple matter to calculate
the power that is required from the bias supply. The
energy that must be transferred from the bias supply
to charge the capacitor is given by:
E = 1 x CV 2
2
(4)
where C is the load capacitor and V is the bias
voltage feeding the driver.
There is an equal amount of energy transferred to
ground when the capacitor is discharged. This leads
to a power loss given by the following:
P = CV 2 x f
(5)
where f is the switching frequency.
This power is dissipated in the resistive elements of
the circuit. Thus, with no external resistor between
the driver and gate, this power is dissipated inside the
driver. Half of the total power is dissipated when the
capacitor is charged, and the other half is dissipated
when the capacitor is discharged.
With VDD = 12 V, CLOAD = 2.2 nF, and f = 300 kHz,
the power loss can be calculated as:
P = 2.2 nF x 122 x 300 kHz = 0.095 W
(6)
With a 12-V supply, this would equate to a current of:
0.095 W = 7.9 mA
P
=
I =
V
12 V
(7)
As illustrated in Reference [3], the PowerPAD
integrated circuit packages offer a leadframe die pad
that is exposed at the base of the package. This pad
is soldered to the copper on the PC board (PCB)
directly underneath the device package, reducing the
θJA down to 37.47°C/W. The PC board must be
designed with thermal lands and thermal vias to
complete the heat removal subsystem, as
summarized in Reference [4].
Note that the PowerPAD integrated circuit package is
not directly connected to any leads of the package.
However, it is electrically and thermally connected to
the substrate which is the ground of the device. The
PowerPAD integrated circuit package should be
connected to the quiet ground of the circuit.
Circuit Layout Recommendations
In a MOSFET driver operating at high frequency, it is
critical to minimize stray inductance to minimize
overshoot/undershoot and ringing. The low output
impedance of the drivers produces waveforms with
high di/dt. This tends to induce ringing in the parasitic
inductances. It is advantageous to connect the driver
device close to the MOSFETs. It is recommended
that the PGND and the AGND pins be connected to
the PowerPAD integrated circuit package with a thin
trace. It is critical to ensure that the voltage potential
between these two pins does not exceed 0.3 V. The
use of schottky diodes on the outputs to PGND and
PVDD is recommended when driving gate
transformers. See Reference 4 for a description of
proper pad layout for the PowerPAD integrated circuit
package.
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REFERENCES
1. Power Supply Seminar SEM-1600 Topic 6: A Practical Introduction to Digital Power Supply Control, by
Laszlo Balogh, Texas Instruments Literature No. SLUP224
2. Power Supply Seminar SEM−1400 Topic 2: Design And Application Guide For High Speed MOSFET Gate
Drive Circuits, by Laszlo Balogh, Texas Instruments Literature No. SLUP133.
3. Technical Brief, PowerPAD Thermally Enhanced Package, Texas Instruments Literature No. SLMA002
4. Application Brief, PowerPAD Made Easy, Texas Instruments Literature No. SLMA004
5. Power Supply Seminar SEM-300 Topic 2, "Closing the Feedback Loop", by Lloyd Dixon Jr., Texas
Instruments, (Literature Number SLUP068)
6. Application Note, "Practical Considerations in Current Mode Power Supplies", Texas Instruments Literature
Number SLUA110.
7. U-97, Application Note, Modelling, Analysis and Compensation of the Current-Mode Converter, Texas
Instruments Literature Number SLUA101.
RELATED PRODUCTS
PRODUCT
UCD9501
MSP430F1232
22
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
Digital Power Controller for High Performance Multi-loop Applications
Microcontroller
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REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Original (June 2012) to Revision A
•
Page
Device went from preview to production ............................................................................................................................... 1
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
29-Jun-2012
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
UCD8220QPWPRQ1
Status
(1)
ACTIVE
Package Type Package
Drawing
HTSSOP
PWP
Pins
Package Qty
16
2000
Eco Plan
(2)
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
Lead/
Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Samples
(Requires Login)
CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF UCD8220-Q1 :
• Catalog: UCD8220
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
• Catalog - TI's standard catalog product
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
14-Jul-2012
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
UCD8220QPWPRQ1
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
HTSSOP
2000
PWP
16
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
330.0
12.4
Pack Materials-Page 1
6.9
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
5.6
1.6
8.0
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
12.0
Q1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
14-Jul-2012
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
UCD8220QPWPRQ1
HTSSOP
PWP
16
2000
367.0
367.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
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