LANSDALE ML13135

ML13135
FM Communications
Receiver; Dual Conversion
Narrowband FM Receiver
Legacy Device: Motorola MC13135
The ML13135 is the second generation of single chip, dual conversion
FM communications receivers developed by Motorola. Major
improvements in signal handling, RSSI and first oscillator operation
have been made. In addition, recovered audio distortion and audio
drive have improved. These receivers offer low noise, high gain and
stability over a wide operating voltage range, and Lansdale is pleased
to continue to offer them.
The ML13135 includes a Colpitts oscillator, VCO tuning diode, low
noise first and second mixer and LO, high gain limiting IF, and RSSI.
The ML13135 is designed for use with an LC quadrature detector and
has an uncommitted op amp that can be used either for an RSSI buffer
or as a data comparator.
This device can be used as a stand–alone VHF receiver or as the
lower IF of a triple conversion system. Applications include cordless
telephones, short range data links, walkie–talkies, low cost land
mobile, amateur radio receivers, baby monitors and scanners.
24
1
SO 24 = -6P
24
CASE 751E
(SO–24L)
1
CROSS REFERENCE/ORDERING INFORMATION
PACKAGE
MOTOROLA
LANSDALE
P DIP 24
MC13135P
ML13135LP
SO 24
MC13135DW
ML13135-6P
Note: Lansdale lead free (Pb) product, as it
becomes available, will be identified by a part
number prefix change from ML to MLE.
OPERATING FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
P DIP 24 = LP
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 724
Complete Dual Conversion FM Receiver – Antenna to Audio Output
Input Frequency Range – 200 MHz
Voltage Buffered RSSI with 70 dB of Usable Range
Low Voltage Operation – 2.0 to 6.0 Vdc (2 Cell NiCad Supply)
Low Current Drain – 3.5 mA Typ
Low Impedance Audio Output < 25 Ω
VHF Colpitts First LO for Crystal or VCO Operation
Isolated Tuning Diode
Buffered First LO Output to Drive CMOS PLL Synthesizer
Operating Temperature Range TA = –40° to +85°C
PIN CONNECTIONS
1st LO
1st LO Base 1
Varicap
24
Varicap C
23
Varicap A
22
1st Mixer In 1
21
1st Mixer In 2
20
1st Mixer Out
19
VCC2
18
2nd Mixer In
17
Audio Out
16
Op Amp Out
15
Op Amp In –
Decouple 2 11
14
Op Amp In +
RSSI 12
13
Quad Coil
1st LO Emitter
2
1st LO Out
3
VCC1
4
2nd LO Emitter
5
2nd LO Base
6
2nd Mixer Out
7
VEE
8
Limiter In
9
VCC1
2nd LO
VCC2
AF
Demod
Decouple 1 10
Limiter
The device contains 142 active transistors.
Page 1 of 11
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Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating
Pin
Symbol
Value
Unit
4, 19
VCC (max)
6.5
Vdc
RF Input Voltage
22
RFin
1.0
Vrms
Junction Temperature
–
TJ
+150
°C
Storage Temperature Range
–
Tstg
– 65 to +150
°C
Power Supply Voltage
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Rating
Pin
Symbol
Value
Unit
4, 19
VCC
2.0 to 6.0
Vdc
Maximum 1st IF
–
fIF1
21
MHz
Maximum 2nd IF
–
fIF2
3.0
MHz
Ambient Temperature Range
–
TA
– 40 to + 85
°C
Power Supply Voltage
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C, VCC = 4.0 Vdc, fo = 49.7 MHz, fMOD = 1.0 kHz, Deviation = ±3.0 kHz, f1stLO = 39 MHz, f2nd
LO = 10.245 MHz, IF1 = 10.7 MHz, IF2 = 455 kHz, unless otherwise noted. All measurements performed in the test circuit of Figure 1.)
Characteristic
Condition
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Total Drain Current
No Input Signal
ICC
–
4.0
6.0
mAdc
Sensitivity (Input for 12 dB SINAD)
Matched Input
VSIN
–
1.0
–
µVrms
VRF = 1.0 mV
VRF = – 40 dBm
AFO
MXgain1
170
220
300
mVrms
1st Mixer Conversion Gain
–
12
–
dB
2nd Mixer Conversion Gain
VRF = – 40 dBm
MXgain2
–
13
–
dB
First LO Buffered Output
–
VLO
–
100
–
mVrms
Total Harmonic Distortion
VRF = – 30 dBm
THD
–
1.2
3.0
%
Demodulator Bandwidth
–
BW
–
50
–
kHz
RSSI Dynamic Range
–
RSSI
–
70
–
Recovered Audio
First Mixer 3rd Order Intercept
(Input)
Second Mixer 3rd Order
Intercept (RF Input)
TOIMix1
Matched
Unmatched
dB
dBm
–
–
–17
–11
–
–
–
– 27
–
Matched
Input
TOIMix2
First LO Buffer Output Resistance
–
RLO
–
–
–
Ω
First Mixer Parallel Input Resistance
–
R
–
722
–
Ω
First Mixer Parallel Input Capacitance
–
C
–
3.3
–
pF
First Mixer Output Impedance
–
ZO
–
330
–
Ω
Second Mixer Input Impedance
–
ZI
–
4.0
–
kΩ
Second Mixer Output Impedance
–
ZO
–
1.8
–
kΩ
Detector Output Impedance
–
ZO
–
25
–
Ω
Page 2 of 11
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dBm
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
TEST CIRCUIT INFORMATION
The recovered audio measurements for the ML13135 are
made with an LC quadrature detector. The typical recovered
audio will depend on the external circuit; either the Q of the
quad coil, or the RC matching network for the ceramic discriminator. See Figures 10 and 11 for additional information.
Since adding a matching circuit to the RF input increases the
signal level to the mixer, the third order intercept (TOI) point
is better with an unmatched input (50 Ω from Pin 21 to Pin
22). Typical values for both have been included in the
Electrical Characterization Table. TOI measurements were
taken at the pins with a high impedance probe/spectrum analyzer system. The first mixer input impedance was measured at
the pin with a network analyzer.
Figure 1a. ML13135 Test Circuit
VCC
0.84 µH
1st LO
0.01
24
Varicap
1
0.1
Figure 1.
23
39.0
MHz
Xtal
1.0 k
20 p
2
22
5.0 p
0.001
62 pF
3
21
VCC1
5.0 k
0.2 µH
0.01
4
0.1
20
5
120 p
50 p
10.245
MHz Xtal
2nd LO
Ceramic
Filter
10.7 MHz
VCC2
6
19
0.1
7
9
AF
Demod
10
0.1
0.1
360
18
8
Ceramic
Filter
455 kHz
180 p
RF
Input
17
8.2 k
0.1
Limiter
16
11
39 k
15
0.1
14
12
0.1
13
39 k
455 kHz
Quad
Coil
Page 3 of 11
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Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
1200
RSSI OUTPUT (mVdc, Pin 12)
5.0
4.0
3.0
RFin = 49.7 MHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz
2.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
600
400
–120
–100
– 80
– 60
Figure 4. Varactor Capacitance, Resistance
versus Bias Voltage
Figure 5. Oscillator Frequency
versus Varactor Bias
10
CP, f = 150 MHz
8.0
RP, f = 50 MHz
6.0
4.0
10
CP, f = 50 MHz
2.0
5.0
RP, f = 150 MHz
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0
4.0
3.5
47.5
47.0
0.61 µH
46.5
46.0
500 p
1 1st LO
24
23
45.5
27 p
2
45.0
1.0
0.2 µF
1.0 MΩ
VB
Varicap
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
VB, VARACTOR BIAS VOLTAGE, VPin24 to VPin 23 (Vdc)
VB, VARACTOR BIAS VOLTAGE (Vdc)
Figure 6. Signal Levels versus RF Input
Figure 7. Signal + Noise, Noise, and
AM Rejection versus Input Power
6.0
10
S+N, N, AND AMR (dB)
10
Second Mixer Output
POWER (dBm)
500 p
5.0 p
S+N
0
–10
–30
First Mixer Output
First Mixer Input
–50
– 90
– 80
– 70
– 60
– 50
–10
– 20
– 30
– 40
– 30
– 20
S + N 30% AM
– 40
– 50
– 60
Second Mixer Input
– 70
–130
RFin, RF INPUT (dBm)
Page 4 of 11
– 20
48.0
30
– 70
–100
– 40
RF INPUT (dBm)
15
0
0.5
800
VCC = 4.0 V
RFin = 49.67 MHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
25
20
1000
200
–140
8.0
f, FREQUENCY (MHz)
0
0
C P , EQUIVALENT PARALLEL CAPACITANCE (pF)
Figure 3. RSSI Output versus RF Input
1400
R P , EQUIVALENT PARALLEL RESISTANCE (k Ω)
I CC , SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
Figure 2. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
6.0
VCC = 4.0 Vdc
RFin = 49.67 MHz
fMOD = 1.0 kHz
fDEV = ± 3.0 kHz
–110
N
– 90
– 70
– 50
– 30
RFin, RF INPUT (dBm)
www.lansdale.com
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
Figure 8. Op Amp Gain and Phase
versus Frequency
Figure 9. First Mixer Third Order Intermodulation
(Unmatched Input)
50
160
–10
200
– 30
240
– 50
10 k
100 k
1.0 M
–100
–100
– 80
– 60
– 40
– 20
Figure 11. Distortion versus
Deviation for ML13135
R
R = 68 kΩ
455 kHz
Quad Coil
Toko 7MC–8128Z
R = 47 kΩ
R = 39 kΩ
500
± 3.0
± 5.0
± 7.0
± 9.0
8.0
7.0
VCC
13
6.0
5.0
0
R = 68 kΩ
R
455 kHz
Quad Coil
Toko 7MC–8128Z
R = 47 kΩ
4.0
3.0
2.0
R = 39 kΩ
1.0
±1.0
± 3.0
± 5.0
± 7.0
± 9.0
fDEV, DEVIATION (kHz)
fDEV, DEVIATION (kHz)
Page 5 of 11
3rd Order
Intermod
Products
Figure 10. Recovered Audio versus
Deviation for ML13135
1000
0
±1.0
Desired Products
– 60
RF INPUT (dBm)
VCC
13
– 40
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
2000
1500
280
10 M
– 20
– 80
THD, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (%)
AV , GAIN (dB)
Gain
10
0
0
MIXER OUTPUT (dB)
120
Phase
φ, EXCESS PHASE (DEGREES)
30
RA, RECOVERED AUDIO (mVpp)
20
80
www.lansdale.com
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The ML13135 is a complete dual conversion receiver. This
includes two local oscillators, two mixers, a limiting IF amplifier and detector, and an op amp. It will provide a voltage
buffered RSSI with 70 dB of usable range, isolated tuning
diode and buffered LO output for PLL operation, and a separate VCC pin for the first mixer and LO. Improvements have
been made in the temperature performance of both the recovered audio and the RSSI.
VCC
Two separate VCC lines enable the first LO and mixer to
continue running while the rest of the circuit is powered down.
They also isolate the RF from the rest of the internal circuit.
Local Oscillators
The local oscillators are grounded collector Colpitts, which
can be easily crystal–controlled or VCO controlled with the
on–board varactor and external PLL. The first LO transistor is
internally biased, but the emitter is pinned–out and IQ can be
increased for high frequency or VCO operation. The collector
is not pinned out, so for crystal operation, the LO is generally
limited to 3rd overtone crystal frequencies; typically around 60
MHz. For higher frequency operation, the LO can be provided
externally as shown in Figure 16.
Buffer
An amplifier on the 1st LO output converts the single–ended
LO output to a differential signal to drive the mixer. Capacitive
coupling between the LO and the amplifier minimizes the
effects of the change in oscillator current on the mixer.
Buffered LO output is pinned–out at Pin 3 for use with a PLL,
with a typical output voltage of 320 mVpp at VCC= 4.0 V and
with a 5.1 k resistor from Pin 3 to ground. As seen in Figure
14, the buffered LO output varies with the supply voltage and
a smaller external resistor may be needed for low voltage operation. The LO buffer operates up to 60 MHz, typically. Above
60 MHz, the output at Pin 3 rolls off at approximately 6.0 dB
per octave. Since most PLLs require about 200 mVpp drive, an
external amplifier may be required.
Mixers
The first and second mixer are of similar design. Both are
double balanced to suppress the LO and input frequencies to
give only the sum and difference frequencies out. This configuration typically provides 40 to 60 dB of LO suppression. New
design techniques provide improved mixer linearity and third
order intercept without increased noise. The gain on the output
of the 1st mixer starts to roll off at about 20 MHz, so this
receiver could be used with a 21 MHz first IF. It is designed
for use with a ceramic filter, with an output impedance of 330
Ω. A series resistor can be used to raise the impedance for use
with a crystal filter, which typically has an input impedance of
4.0 kΩ. The second mixer input impedance is approximately
4.0 kΩ; it requires an external 360 Ω parallel resistor for use
with a standard ceramic filter.
Limiting IF Amplifier and Detector
The limiter has approximately 110 dB of gain, which starts
rolling off at 2.0 MHz. Although not designed for wideband
operation, the bandwidth of the audio frequency amplifier has
been widened to 50 kHz, which gives less phase shift and
enables the receiver to run at higher data rates. However, care
should be taken not to exceed the bandwidth allowed by local
regulations.
The ML13135 is designed for use with an LC quadrature
detector, and does not have sufficient drive to be used with a
ceramic discriminator. The discriminators and the external
matching circuit will affect the distortion and recovered audio.
RSSI/Op Amp
The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) on the
ML13135 has about 70 dB of range. The resistor needed to
translate the RSSI current to a voltage output has been included on the internal circuit, which gives it a tighter tolerance. A
temperature compensated reference current also improves the
RSSI accuracy over temperature. On the ML13135, the op amp
is not connected internally and can be used for the RSSI or as
a data slicer (see Figure 17c).
Figure 14. Buffered LO Output Voltage
versus Supply Voltage
600
RPin3 = 3.0 kΩ
OUTPUT (mVpp )
500
400
RPin3 = 5.1 kΩ
300
200
100
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (Vdc)
Page 6 of 11
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Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
Figure 15. PLL Controlled Narrowband FM Receiver at 46/49 MHz
ML13135
VCC
0.1
2.7 k
1st LO
500 p 500 p
100 k
24
Varicap
1
23
47 k
27 p
0.68 µH
1.0
2
0.01
0.1
VCC1
150 pF
RF
Input
0.01
20
Ceramic
Filter
10.7 MHz
5
120 p
VDD Fin1
D0
PD1
D1
PD2
D2
LD
D3
VSS Fin2
ML145168
0.2 µH
21
4
0.1
3.0 p
62 pF
3
5.1 k
OSC OSC
Out
In
0.001
22
5.0 p
50 p
10.245
MHz Xtal
2nd LO
VCC2
6
19
7
0.1
8
Ceramic
Filter
455 kHz
9
AF
Demod
10
0.1
0.1
360
18
Recovered
Audio
1.0 k
17
0.15
Limiter
10 k
16
11
RSSI
Output
15
14
12
0.1
68 k
13
455 kHz
Quad Coil
Figure 16. 144 MHz Single Channel Application Circuit
Preamp for ML13135 at 144.455 MHz
1st LO External Oscillator Circuit
VCC
15 k
L1
100 p
0.82 µ
1.0 k
Page 7 of 11
15 p
1.0 µ
fosc =
133.755 MHz
5.6 k
X1
43 p
470
L3
Q1 – MPS5179
X1 – 44.585 MHz 3rd Overtone
Series Resonant Crystal
L1 – 0.078 µH Inductor
(Coilcraft Part # 146–02J08)
To Mixer
www.lansdale.com
39 p
Q1
L2
12 p
1.0 µF
12 p
470 p
RF Input
68 p
+
5.1 k
3300 p
Q1 1000p
VCC
15 k
+
1.0 µF
3300 p
470
Q1 – MPS5179
L2 – 0.05 µH
L3 – 0.07 µH
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
Legacy Applications Information
Figure 17a. Single Channel Narrowband FM Receiver at 49.7 MHz
ML13135
VCC
1.0 µH
1.0 k
1st LO
2200 p
1
27 p
39 MHz
Xtal 5.0 p
2
+
1.0
Figure 17.
24
Varicap
23
22
3
Buffered LO
Output
0.01
21
VCC1
5.1 k
20
5
120 p
50 p
2nd LO
Ceramic
Filter
10.7 MHz
VCC2
6
19
7
10.245 MHz
Xtal
Ceramic
Filter
455 kHz
0.1
9
AF
Demod
10
0.1
360
18
8
0.1
62 pF RF Input
150 p 50 Ω Source
0.2 µH
0.01
4
0.1
0.001
17
1.0 k
Recovered
Audio
0.15
Limiter
10 k
16
11
RSSI
Output
15
14
12
0.1
13
39 k
455 kHz
Quad Coil
Figure 17b. PC Board Component View
39 MHz
XT
3
NOTES: 1. 0.2 µH tunable (unshielded) inductor
2. 39 MHz Series mode resonant
3rd Overtone Crystal
3. 1.5 µH tunable (shielded) inductor
4. 10.245 MHz Fundamental mode crystal,
32 pF load
5. 455 kHz ceramic filter, muRata CFU 455B
or equivalent
6. Quadrature coil, Toko 7MC–8128Z (7mm)
or Toko RMC–2A6597HM (10mm)
7. 10.7 MHz ceramic filter, muRata SFE10.7MJ–A
or equivalent
2
1
1.0 k
0.1
CF
5
0.01
0.1
10.7 MHz
CF
MC13135
4
50p
120p
10.245 MHz
XT
62p
0.01
150p
.001
27p
5p
1.0
+
0.1
5.1k
2200p
360
1.0k
7
10k
455 KHz
0.15
0.1
0.22
10
+
+4.7
10k
0.1
51K
39K
MC34119
Figure 17c. Optional Data Slicer Circuit
(Using Internal Op Amp)
+10
0.1
VCC
6
20 k
Vin
(Pin 17)
20 k
15
16
14
10 k
FSK Data
Output
0.001 10 k
1.0 M
Page 8 of 11
www.lansdale.com
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
Legacy Applications Information
Figure 18. PC Board Solder Side View
L.O.
3.25 ″
AUDIO
VCC
GROUND
RF IN
SPEAKER
VCC2
RSSI
MC13135
MC13136
3.375″
(Circuit Side View)
Figure 19. PC Board Component View
39 MHz
XT
3
NOTES: 1. 0.2 µH tunable (unshielded) inductor
2. 39 MHz Series mode resonant
3rd Overtone Crystal
3. 1.5 µH tunable (shielded) inductor
4. 10.245 MHz Fundamental mode crystal,
32 pF load
5. 455 kHz ceramic filter, muRata CFU 455B
or equivalent
6. Ceramic discriminator, muRata CDB455C34
or equivalent
7. 10.7 MHz ceramic filter, muRata SFE10.7MJ–A
or equivalent
2
1
1.0 k
0.1
0.1
10.7 MHz
CF
1.0
+
360
1.0k
7
CF
5
0.01
MC13136
4
50p
120p
10.245 MHz
XT
62p
0.01
150p
.001
27p
5p
0.1
5.1k
2200p
10k
455 KHz
0.15
0.1
0.22
10
+
51K
2.7k
6
+4.7
10k
270p
0.1
MC34119
+10
0.1
Page 9 of 11
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Issue 0
Page 10 of 11
www.lansdale.com
VEE
5.0 p
15 k
2.0 k
Figure 21.
10
11
9
VCC 2
VEE
2
1
VCC 1
52 k
50 k
First LO
8.0 k
Limiting IF Amplifier
1.0 k
22
3
First Mixer
5.0 p
13
100 k
20
100
5
6
12 k
This device contains 142 active transistors.
21
1.0 k
6.0 k
VEE
12
Bias
4.0 k
18
14
Detector and Audio Amplifier
VCC 2
Second LO
Figure 21. ML 13135 Internal Schematic
4.0 k
15
Op Amp
Second Mixer
7
VEE
17
VCC 2
VEE
16
VCC 2
VEE
1. 6 k
VCC 2
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
Issue 0
ML13135
LANSDALE Semiconductor, Inc.
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P DIP 24 = LP
PLASTIC PACKAGE
(ML13135LP)
CASE 724–03
ISSUE D
–A–
24
13
1
12
NOTES:
1. CHAMFERED CONTOUR OPTIONAL.
2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN
FORMED PARALLEL.
3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
4. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
–B–
L
C
–T–
NOTE 1
K
SEATING
PLANE
E
G
M
N
F
J 24 PL
0.25 (0.010)
D 24 PL
0.25 (0.010)
T A
M
M
T
M
B
M
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
J
K
L
M
N
INCHES
MIN
MAX
1.230 1.265
0.250 0.270
0.145 0.175
0.015 0.020
0.050 BSC
0.040 0.060
0.100 BSC
0.007 0.012
0.110 0.140
0.300 BSC
0°
15°
0.020 0.040
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
31.25
32.13
6.35
6.85
3.69
4.44
0.38
0.51
1.27 BSC
1.02
1.52
2.54 BSC
0.18
0.30
2.80
3.55
7.62 BSC
0°
15°
0.51
1.01
SO 24 = -6P
(ML13135-6P)
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751E–04
ISSUE E
–A–
24
13
–B–
P 12 PL
0.010 (0.25)
1
M
B
M
12
D
24 PL
J
0.010 (0.25)
M
T A
S
B
S
F
R X 45°
C
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
G
22 PL
K
M
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)
PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN
EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM
MATERIAL CONDITION.
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
J
K
M
P
R
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
15.25 15.54
7.60
7.40
2.65
2.35
0.49
0.35
0.90
0.41
1.27 BSC
0.32
0.23
0.29
0.13
8°
0°
10.05 10.55
0.25
0.75
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.601 0.612
0.292 0.299
0.093 0.104
0.014 0.019
0.016 0.035
0.050 BSC
0.009 0.013
0.005 0.011
0°
8°
0.395 0.415
0.010 0.029
Lansdale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Lansdale does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit
described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. “Typical” parameters which
may be provided in Lansdale data sheets and/or specifications can vary in different applications, and actual performance may
vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by the customer’s
technical experts. Lansdale Semiconductor is a registered trademark of Lansdale Semiconductor, Inc.
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