Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
CONTENTS
References
·································································· 3
Design Materials
······························································ 4
NEPEC NPM Ceramics
Applications
·························································· 9
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 15
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 16
Langevin Bolt-On Transducers
Transducers for Cleaning Equipment
Molded Waterproof Transducers
High-Frequency Transducers
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 20
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 26
Aerial Microphone Transducers
Sonar Transducers
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 19
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 27
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 28
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
INTRODUCTION
Increasingly, we can see the unique properties of mechanical vibration and ultrasonic waves put to use in many ways. And the
single most important key to the effective monitoring or use of vibration is the transducer. Today's transducers are called on for
standards of performance that are higher than
ever before.
For best results in any application, the piezoelectric materials in the transducer should be selected with the specific use in
mind. This catalog contains a wealth
of information to help you evaluate transducer characteristics.
And when it comes to the materials themselves, look to NEC TOKIN's NEPEC® NPM piezoelectric ceramics. Using zicron
and lead titanate as the main components, NEPEC materials have a wealth of features:
1) A wide selection range, especially for mechanical
characteristics and degree of electromechanical coupling.
2) High stability against temperature and humidity variations
and aging.
3) Remarkably fine ceramics that can be machined into a
variety of sizes and shapes.
4) Excellent resistance to voltage, permitting transducers
with polarization in any direction.
5) A wide range of potential uses.
This catalog describes NEC TOKIN's standard piezoelectric ceramics, and it also describes NEC TOKIN's line of transducers.
If you cannot find the desired material characteristics or transducer for your application in these pages, please contact us
directly; our engineering staff can work with you to develop materials for your purpose.
References
Please refer to the following bibliography if you want more details of basic theory and applications of transducers:
1) Ultrasonic technology handbook (J. Tomoyoshi et al, Nikkan Kogyo Shinbun)
2) Ceramic dielectrics (K. Okazaki, Gakkensha)
3) Physical Acaustic Vol I Part A (Mason, Academic Bress)
4) Piezoelectric ceramic materials (T.Tanaka, Denpa Shinbun)
5) Piezoelectric ceramics and their applications (Electronic materials Association, Denpa Shinbun)
6) New ultrasonic wave technologies (E. Mori, Nikkan Kogyo Shinbun)
7) Ultrasonic engineering (H. Wada, Nikkan Kogyo Shinbun)
8) Ultrasonic circuit (S. Ishiwata, Nikkan Kogyo)
9) Ultrasonics in medicine (compiled by The Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine, Igaku Shoin)
10) Simple applications of ultrasonics (S. Fujimori, Sanpo)
11) Electromechanical functional parts (compiled by Specialized Committee of The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan)
12) Test methods for piezoelectric ceramic transducers (EMAS-6001 to EMAS-6004)
(Piezoelectric Ceramic Engineering Committee, Electronic Materials Association)
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 3
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Evaluatio
Design Materials
NEC TO
transducer m
1)
Resonan
Outline
A piezoelectric material responds mechanically when
voltage is applied, and conversely, generates a voltage in
response to a mechanical change.
To create piezoelectric ceramics, polycrystalline
ceramics are fired and baked at a high temperature. Then
electrodes are mounted and a DC field applied in order to
polarize the ceramic material; once polarized, the
material exhibits piezoelectric properties, allowing it to
be used as a piezoelectric ceramic transducer. These
transducers are also called electrostriction transducers,
since ceramic crystals are deformed by electricity.
Barium titanate and lead zircotitanate are the most
popular piezoelectric ceramics. In addition, NEC TOKIN
also uses a variety of other materials, including
conventional lead zircotitanate.
This results in piezoelectric materials that can be used
in a wide variety of applications: those that use the
piezoelectric effect (such as igniters and pickups), those
that utilize resonance (e.g., filters), and those that utilize
the electrostrictive effect (such as piezoelectric buzzers
and displacement elements).
In addition to barium titanate and lead zircotitanate,
popular as piezoelectric ceramics, NEC TOKIN offers multicomponent solid ceramics developed from conventional
lead zircotitanate ceramics. They meet a wide range of
specifications for a wide range of applications. The main
applications include: those that use the piezoelectric
effect (such as sensors and pickups), those that utilize
resonance (such as transducers for ultrasonic motors and
cleaning equipments), and those that utilize the
electrostrictive effect (such as piezoelectric sound
elements and displacement elements). In addition, they
can be used as ultrasonic vibrators and transducers.
When an
frequency f i
natural frequ
violently. T
frequency fr
A constan
was used for
resonance fr
can be measu
such as the H
Resonanc
equivalent ci
anti-resonan
following eq
Fig
fr = 1/ {2 π
fa= 1 / {2π
4 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Evaluation of Transducer Characteristics
NEC TOKIN evaluates the characteristics of
transducer materials based on a number of parameters.
Resonant Frequency
When an AC voltage is applied to the transducer and
frequency f is varied to be in agreement with the
natural frequency of the transducer, it vibrates very
violently. This frequency is called resonance
frequency fr.
A constant voltage circuit or a low voltage circuit
was used for measurement of the resonance and antiresonance frequencies. Recently. these frequencies
can be measured easily with an impedance analyzer
such as the HP4194A of Hewlett-Packard.
Resonance frequency fr obtained from the
equivalent circuit near the resonance frequency and
anti-resonance frequency fa can be expressed by the
following equations:
L1
C1
Impedance (Ω)
1)
Practically, frequencies minimizing and maximizing
the impedance shown in Fig. 2 are generally treated as
fr and fa, respectively.
fr
fa
Frequency (Hz)
Fig. 1-2 Impedance characteristic of piezoelectric transducer
R1
Resonant frequency fr can be defined in a number
of different ways, depending on the mechanical
structure and oscillation of the transducer.
C0
Fig. 1-1 Equivalent circuit of transducer
a) Radial vibration
fr =
fr = 1/ {2 π L1C1 }
N1
[Hz] · · · · · · · · · · (1)
D
t
fa = 1 / {2π L1C0 C1 / ( C1 + C0 )}
D
D>3t
Fig. 1-3
Radial vibration is in the direction of the arrows. The
coefficient of electromechanical coupling for this type
of vibration us called Kr.
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 5
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
b) Lengthwise vibration
e) Shear vibration
N
fr = 2 [Hz] · · · · · · · · · · (2)
l
t
a
The direction of vibration is perpendicular to the
polarization direction; it is a simple vibration in one
plane only. The coefficient of electromechanical
coupling is known as K31.
N3
[Hz] · · · · · · · · · · (3)
l
D
>3(a,b,D)
2) Coefficient of electromechanical coupling
Fig. 1-5
The directions of polarization and vibration are the
same, vibration is simple vibration. The electromechanical coupling coefficient is known as K33.
d) Thickness vibration
fr =
N4
[Hz] · · · · · · · · · · (4)
t
The coefficient of electromechanical coupling represents the mechanical energy accumulated in a ceramic
or crystal; it is related to the total electrical input. This
coefficient k can be calculated for each individual
vibration mode by using the resonant (fr or fm) and
antiresonant frequencies (fa or fn) and the applicable
formula shown here:
Kr = 2.51
b
t
K 31 =
D
t
⎛ fa − fr ⎞
⎝ fr ⎠
3(a,b,D)
Fig. 1-6
r
r − tan r
π fa
r= ⋅
2 fr
⎛π
⎝2
⎛π
⎝2
⎛π
⎝2
Where
Kr : Electro
vibrat
K31: Electro
length
K33: Electro
longit
Kt : Electro
ness v
K15: Electro
vibrati
fr : Reson
fa : Antires
3) Relative
When the ele
electric field
under a cons
dielectric con
defined by D
ε0. This relat
εT33/ε0 when t
electric field
εT11/ε0 when t
Calculation o
Eq. 11. Stati
using an all-p
T
ε 33
/ ε0 =
(εT11/ε0 is als
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (6)
a
t
The direction of vibration is the same as the
polarization direction. Orientation of the drive field
direction is perpendicular to it. A drive electrode is
located perpendicular to the direction of polarization.
The electromechanical coupling coefficient is
expressed by K15.
Where
N1: Frequency constant of radial vibration (Hz-m)
N2: Frequency constant of lengthwise vibration
(Hz-m)
N3 : Frequency constant of longitudinal vibration
(Hz-m)
N4 : Frequency constant of thickness vibration
(Hz-m)
N5 : Frequency constant shear vibration (Hz-m)
D : Diameter of disc or column (m)
: Length of plate, column, or cylinder (m)
a,b: Width of square plate or column (Hz-m)
t : Thickness of disc, square plate, or cylinder (m)
c) Longitudinal vibration
b
K15 =
Fig. 1-7
Fig. 1-4
a
Kt =
t
>4a
a>t
fr =
K 33 =
N
fr = 5 [Hz] · · · · · · · · · · (5)
t
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (7)
Here, thickness is small compared with the area of the
radiation plane; the effect of vibration is the same as
that of longitudinal vibration. Generally, vibration is in
two directions, and discrimination can be made
between the two. The electromechanical coupling
coefficient for this type of vibration is called Kt.
Where
ε0 : Relat
(8.854
t : Dista
S : Electr
C : Static
E
6 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
K 33 =
e
rive field
ctrode is
olarization.
t is
on (Hz-m)
ibration
vibration
ibration
n (Hz-m)
er (m)
Hz-m)
cylinder (m)
coupling
ing repren a ceramic
input. This
dividual
r fm) and
applicable
⎛ π fr ⎞
⎛π fr ⎞ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (8)
cot
⋅
⋅
⎝ 2 fa ⎠
⎝2 fa ⎠
⎛ π fr ⎞
⎛π fr ⎞
Kt =
cot
⋅
⋅
⎝ 2 fa ⎠
⎝2 fa ⎠
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (9)
⎛ π fr ⎞
⎛π fr ⎞
cot
⋅
⋅
K15 =
⎝ 2 fa ⎠
⎝2 fa ⎠
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (10)
3) Relative dielectric constant
When the electric flux density caused by applying an
electric field E between electrodes of a transducer
under a constant stress is regarded as D, the relative
dielectric constant is obtained by dividing the constant,
defined by D/E=εT, by the vacuum dielectric constant
ε0. This relative dielectric constant is expressed by
εT33/ε0 when the direction of polarization and applied
electric field are the same; it is expressed by
εT11/ε0 when these directions are perpendicular.
Calculation of relative dielectric constant is shown in
Eq. 11. Static capacitance is usually measured at 1kHz
using an all-purpose bridge or a C meter.
tC
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (11)
ε 0S
(εT11/ε0 is also calculated using the same equation.)
· · · · · · (6)
· · · · · · (7)
For different modes of vibration, Young's modulus is
calculated by Eq. 12, based on the sonic velocity and
density of the material.
[
]
YE = ρν 2 N / m2 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (12)
Where
Kr : Electromechanical coupling coefficient for radial
vibration
K31: Electromechanical coupling coefficient for
lengthwise vibration
K33: Electromechanical coupling coefficient for
longitudinal vibration
Kt : Electromechanical coupling coefficient for thickness vibration
K15: Electromechanical coupling coefficient for shear
vibration
fr : Resonant frequency [Hz]
fa : Antiresonant frequency [Hz]
T
ε 33
/ ε0 =
4) Young's modulus
Where
ε0 : Relative dielectric constant in vacuum
(8.854x10-12 F/m)
t : Distance between electrodes (m)
S : Electrode area (m2)
C : Static capacitance (F)
Where ρ: Density (kg/m3)
ν(=2fr ): Sonic velocity (m/sec.)
N: Newton
5) Mechanical Q
The mechanical Q is the "sharpness' of mechanical
vibration at resonant frequency, and is calculated with
Eq 13.
Qm =
fa 2
· · · · · · · · · · · · (13)
2πfr Zr C(fa 2 − fr 2 )
Where fr : Resonant frequency (Hz)
fa : Antiresonant frequency (Hz)
Zr : Resonant resistance (Ω)
C : Static capacitance (F)
Where a simpler method is called for, mechanical Q
may be calculated with Eq. 14, using frequencies f1
and f2 which are each 3 dB from the resonant frequency.
Qm =
fr
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (14)
f1 − f 2
The values shown for material characteristics in this
catalog are calculated using Eq. 13.
6) Piezoelectric constant
There are two types of piezoelectric constants, the
piezoelectric strain constant and the coefficient of
voltage output.
a) PiezoeIectric strain constant
This is a measure of the strain that occurs when a
specified electric field is applied to a material that is in
the condition of zero stress. This constant is calculated
with Eq. 15.
d=k
εT
(m / V) · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (15)
YE
Where k : Coefficient of electromechanical coupling
εT : Dielectric constant
E
Y : Young's modulus (Newton/m2)
E
P
E
P
T
ε11
/ ε0
T
ε 33
/ ε0
Fig.1-8
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 7
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
b) VoItage output constant
9) Aging rate
This is the intensity of the electric field caused when
a specified amount of stress is applied to a material
that is in the condition of zero displacement. Voltage
output constant is calculated with Eq. 16.
The aging rate is an index of the change in resonant
frequency and static capacitance with age. To
calculate this rate, after polarization the electrodes of a
transducer are shorted together, and are heated for a
specified period of time. Measurements are taken of
the resonant frequency and static capacity every 2n
days. (That is, at 1, 2, 4, and 8 days.) The aging rate
is calculated with Eq. 19.
g=
d
(V ⋅ m / N) · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (16)
ε
Constants d and constants g can be d31,d33, or d15,
and g31, g33, or g15, depending on the type of vibration.
(AR) =
7) Curie temperature
Where
This is the temperature at which polarization
disappears and the piezoelectric qualities are lost. It is
also the temperature at which the value of the
dielectric constant becomes maximum.
1
Xt2 − Xt1
· · · · · · · · · · · · (19)
⋅
log t 2 − log t1
Xt1
(AR) : Aging rate for resonant frequency or
static capacitance
t1,t2 : Number of days aged after polarization
Xt1,Xt2 : Resonant frequency or static
capacitance at t1 and t2 days after
polarization
8) Temperature coefficient
10) Density
The temperature coefficient is a measure of the
variation of the resonant frequency and static
capacitance with change in temperature. Temperature
coefficient is calculated with Eqs. 17 and 18.
1 f(t1) − f(t 2)
TK(f) =
⋅
× 106 (PPm / °C) · · · · (17)
f 20
Δt
1 C(t1) − C(t 2)
TK(C) =
⋅
× 106 (PPm / °C) · · (18)
C20
Δt
The density is calculated with Eq. 20, after
determining the volume and weight of the specified
ceramic material.
D=
(
W
kg / m3
V
)
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · (20)
Where W : Weight (kg) of ceramic material
V : Volume (m3) of material
Where TK(f) : Temperature coefficient of resonant
frequency (PPm/˚C)
f (t1) : Resonant frequency at temperature
t1˚C(Hz)
f (t2) : Resonant frequency at temperature
t2˚C(Hz)
f20 : Resonant frequency at temperature
20˚C(Hz)
TK(C) : Temperature coefficient of static
capacitance (PPm/˚C)
C (t1) : Static capacitance (F) at temperature
t1˚C
C (t2) : Static capacitance (F) at temperature
t2˚C
C20 : Static capacitance at 20˚C(F)
Δt
: Temperature difference (t2–t1) (˚C)
8 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
NEP
resonant
To
ectrodes of a
ated for a
e taken of
every 2n
aging rate
· · · · · (19)
quency or
r polarization
tic
ys after
r
specified
NEPEC® NPM Ceramics
Characteristics of Standard Materials
Table 1-1 shows the material characteristics of NEC
TOKIN's standard NEPEC® NPM ceramic materials.
Notes
1. Frequency constants;
N1 : Radial frequency constant (fr×D)
N2 : Lengthwise frequency constant (fr× )
N3 : Longitudial frequency constant (fa× )
N4 : Thickness frequency constant (fa× )
N5 : Shear frequency constant (fa× )
2. The temperature and aging characteristics shown are
values of radial vibration for a sample of 17.7φ×1.0t
(mm) in size.
3. The values of Kr (electromechanical coupling
coefficient) shown in parentheses are approximate
values. All others are exact.
· · · · · (20)
al
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 9
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Table 1-1. Characteristics of Standard NEPEC® NPM Materials
Characteristics
Relative
dielectric
constant
Loss factor
Material
Unit
N-6
N-61
N-8
N-10
N-21
0
1400
1400
1100
5440
1800
0
1350
1300
1400
5000
2000
0.3
0.3
0.4
2.0
2.0
(Hz-m)
2160
2160
2240
2040
1960
N2 [Lengthwise] (Hz-m)
1600
1570
1670
1410
1410
N3 [Longitudinal] (Hz-m)
1510
1490
1520
1370
1310
N4 [Thickness]
(Hz-m)
1960
2010
2000
1800
1940
N5 [Shear]
(Hz-m)
970
1170
920
1110
860
(0.65)
0.55
(0.67)
0.56
(0.67)
0.56
(0.57)
0.50
(0.78)
0.62
K31 [Transverse]
0.34
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.38
K33 [Logitudinal]
0.68
0.67
0.67
0.68
0.73
Kt [Thickness]
0.55
0.52
0.52
0.62
0.52
K15 [Shear]
εT33 / ε
ε /ε
T
11
tanδ (%)
N1 [Radial]
Frequency
constant
Kr [Radial]
Electromechanical
coupling
constant
0.71
0.66
0.78
0.66
0.77
E
11
-12
2
12.7
13.1
11.2
14.8
16.5
E
33
-12
2
(× 10 m /N)
15.4
15.6
15.2
18.1
19.9
YE11 (× 1010N/m2)
7.9
7.6
8.9
6.8
6.1
YE33 (× 1010N/m2)
6.5
6.4
6.6
5.5
5.0
d31 (× 10-12m/V)
-133
-132
-99
-287
-198
d33 (× 10-12m/V)
302
296
226
635
417
S (× 10 m /N)
Elastic
constant
Piezoelectric
constant
S
419
464
652
930
711
-3
-10.4
-10.7
-13.1
-6.0
-12.1
-3
23.5
23.8
30.0
13.2
25.4
-3
g15 (× 10 Vm/N)
45.1
39.4
44.4
21.0
41.0
δ
0.32
0.31
0.24
0.34
0.34
- 20~20°C
300
600
-250
200
-300
20~60°C
300
400
-550
900
-150
- 20~20°C
1800
700
3700
3800
3500
20~60°C
2300
3000
3600
3500
3000
fr (%/10 Years)
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.1
C (%/10 Years)
-2
-2
-5
-5
-5
1500
1800
1600
70
75
-12
d15 (× 10 m/V)
g31 (× 10 Vm/N)
g33 (× 10 Vm/N)
Poisson's ratio
TK (fr)
(PPm/˚C)
Temperature
coefficient
TK (˚C)
(PPm/˚C)
Aging rate
Mechanical
quality factor
Qm
Curie
temperature
Tc (˚C)
325
315
320
145
330
Density
D (× 103kg/m3)
7.77
7.79
7.72
8.00
7.82
30
12
11
14
29
Thermal
expansion
coefficient
-7
(× 10 /˚C)
(Room Temperature
~200°C)
10 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Characteristics and Main Applications by Material
N-21
Table 1-2 shows characteristics and main applications by material. Use materials that match your use.
1800
Table 1-2. General Characteristics and Main Applications
2000
ltem
Material
2.0
1960
1410
1940
Piezoelectric Output Constant
0.38
N-8
N-10
N-21
Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient
Piezoelectric Modules
(0.78)
0.62
N-61
Dielectric Constant
1310
860
N-6
Mechanical Quality Coefficient
Resonant Frequency Temperature Coefficient
Dielectric Constant Temperature Coefficient
0.73
Aging Characteristics
0.52
0.77
Pickups, microphones, speakers,
underwater receiving transducers,
and other acoustic equipment.
Transducers to generate ultrasonic signals, pressure
generating elements and medical equipment transducers.
Main Applications
16.5
= Particularly good value
= Good value
= Lower value
19.9
6.1
5.0
-198
417
Materials for actuators
High-power piezoelectric Materials
Actuator materials not listed in the catalog exemplified
here. Please contact us for further details.
The vibration energy of the piezoelectric transducer is
in proportion to the square of the transducer tip end
vibration speed.
There are high-power materials not listed in the catalog
that do not generate heat at high vibration velocities.
Please contact us for details.
711
350
25.4
300
41.0
0.34
-300
-150
3500
d31 / pm/V
-12.1
New series
N10
1
P = Mv 2
2
M : Equivalent mass
v : Transducer tip end vibration speed
Vibration energy
250
200
N21
150
100
150
200
250
300
350
Tc/˚C
3000
0.1
75
330
7.82
29
Transducer heat generation ΔT(˚C)
-5
30
N-8
25
New material
20
15
10
5
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Transducer tip-end vibration speed (m/s)
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 11
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Terminal Layout
Selected
The three types of terminal layout are shown in Table 1-3 for the disc and cylindrical shapes.
Layout of terminals for the column, square plate, and square column shapes are the same as right. For inquiries
about special terminal configurations,
a) Tempe
Table 1-3
Terminals
P-terminal
150
S-terminal
O-terminal
fr (kHz)
140
Disc
130
120
110
Cylinder
-20
Fig.1
Negative electrode terminal is available
on positive electrode surface.
External Surface
Negative electrode terminal is available
on side face.
Table 1-4. Types of External Coating
NEC TOKIN transducers are coated for protection, for
uniformity of the electromechanical interface, and to
ensure an attractive external view. Table 1-4 shows
the different types of surface coatings available. Select
the coating that is best for your requirements.
0.80
Coating
Coating
Surfaces
Features
Standard
Color
M Coating
Synthetic resin; resists
water and oil.
Suitable for fish-finding
sonars and air excitation.
All surfaces
are coated Silver gray
B Coating
Bakelite resin; resists
solvents. Suitable for
ultrasonic cleaning.
All surfaces Dark brown
are coated (Bakelite
color)
0.70
0.60
Kr
Description
Terminals (solder dots) provided on
positive and negative electrode surfaces.
0.50
0.40
0.30
-20
Specification Example
Disc
Column
Square Plate
Material
fr(kHz)
NR 38×34×30
36×31×30
N- 2 1
N- 21
24
25.8
ND 10×0.3
20×0.5
20×1.0
40×2.5
40×3.0
50×2.5
50×3.0
60×5.0
N- 21
N- 21
N- 8
N- 6
N- 6
N- 6
N- 6
N- 6
ND 7×13.5
7×16.5
10×13.5
10×16.5
NS 20×20×0.3
20×20×0.4
25×25×0.5
80×15×0.3
80×15×0.4
100×15×0.5
100×15×0.6
K
C(pF)
0.25
0.25
26500
19600
6400
4000
2100
54
54
43
43
36
0.57
0.6
0.55
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
3000
7000
2700
5600
4600
8900
7400
6500
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
100
80
100
80
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65
48
40
98
90
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
N- 21
6500
5000
4000
6500
5000
4000
3000
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
13500
10500
14000
42000
32500
33000
28500
12 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Fig.1
13000
11000
C (pF)
Cylinder
Shape(mm)
9000
7000
5000
3000
1000
-20
Fig.1
Selected Material Characteristics
inquiries
a) Temperature characteristics
b) Aging characteristics
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
150
140
140
130
N-8
N-61
N-6
120
110
fr (kHz)
fr (kHz)
Sample: Disc (17.7mmφ × 1mm t)
150
20
40
N-61
N-6
N-21
N-21
0
N-8
120
N-10
-20
130
110
60
4 6 8
Fig.1-9. Variation in Resonant Frequency
with Temperature
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
2
4
Days
6 8
1000
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
0.80
N-21
Standard
Color
0.70
N-6
N-61
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.30
N-6
N-61
N-8
Kr
0.60
ces Dark brown
ed (Bakelite
color)
N-21
N-10
0.70
Kr
ces
ed Silver gray
6 8 100
Fig.1-12. Variation in Resonant Frequency
with Aging
0.80
g
es
4
10
Temp (°C)
ng
2
-20
0
20
40
0.30
60
4 6 8
4
6 8 100
2
4
Days
6 8
1000
Fig.1-13. Variation in Electromechanical Coupling
Coefficient with Aging
Fig.1-10. Variation in Electromechanical Coupling
Coefficient with Temperature
C(pF)
2
10
Temp (°C)
26500
19600
13500
10500
14000
42000
32500
33000
28500
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
3600
N-10
N-21
11000
3200
9000
2800
C (pF)
48
40
98
90
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
13000
C (pF)
3000
7000
2700
5600
4600
8900
7400
6500
7000
5000
N-21
N-6
N-61
3000
1000
-20
0
20
40
N-1
N-8
60
Temp (°C)
Fig.1-11. Variation in Static Capacitance
with Temperature
N-6
N-61
2400
2000
1600
1200
N-8
4 6 8
2
10
4
6 8 100
Days
2
4
6 8
1000
Fig.1-14. Variation in Static Capacitance with Aging
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 13
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
d) Characteristics of high-voltage aging
c) Thermal aging characteristics
fr (kHz)
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
Conditions of Burn-in 200°C × 1h
150
N-6
120
110
N-21
100
90
(Before Test)
1
2
4 6 8 10
2
Days
K31
130
C (pF)
fr (kHz)
140
Test Conditions
Sample: Ring (60mm φ × 45mm φ × 16mm t)
Material: N-6 Applied Voltage: 2,000V (in air)
Frequency: 5.5kHz Duration: 10 min.
20
19
0.37
0.36
0.35
0.34
1100
1000
900
800
1
4 6 8 100
2
2
4 6 8 100
Hours
Fig.1-18. Variation in Dielectric Strength (Test 1)
Test Conditions
Sample: Ring (40mm φ × 3mm t)
Material: N-6
Applied Voltage: 2,800V (rms)
Pluse Width: 100m sec.
Pluse Interval: 1sec. Duration: 10min.
fr (kHz)
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
Conditions of Burn-in 200°C × 1h
N-21
4 6 8
10
(Before Test)
0.70
The job of a
into mechan
transducers u
are uniquely
variety of ap
we divide th
1) conversio
energy for h
converting m
communicat
21
Fig.1-15. Variation in Resonant Frequency
with Thermal Aging
0.80
58
Piezoele
57
<
N-6
Kr
Kr
0.60
C (pF)
0.50
0.40
0.30
(Before Test)
1
2
4 6 8 10
2
Days
4 6 8 100
56
0.58
0.57
0.56
0.55
5000
4900
4800
4700
1
2
(Before Test)
Fig.1-16. Variation in Electromechanical Coupling
Coefficient with Thermal Aging
fr (kHz)
N-6
2500
K31
C (pF)
3000
1000
(Before Test)
1
2
4 6 8 10
2
Days
4 6 8 100
Fig.1-17. Variation in Static Capacitance
with Thermal Aging
C (pF)
2000
1500
2
4 6 8 100
Hours
Test Conditions
Sample: Ring (51.4mm φ × 44.8mm φ × 3.67mm t)
Material: N-6 Applied Voltage: 1,000V(50Hz AC)
Duration: 1min.
N-21
3500
4 6 8 10
Fig.1-19. Variation in Dielectric Strength (Test 2)
Sample: Disc (17.7mm φ × 1mm t)
Conditions of Burn-in 200°C × 1h
4000
Appl
220
210
200
0.33
0.32
0.31
0.31
20300
20200
20100
20000
1
(Before Test)
2
4 6 8 10
2
4 6 8 100
Hours
Fig.1-20. Variation in Dielectric Strength (Test 3)
14 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
ging
0
Applications
The job of a transducer is to convert electrical energy
into mechanical energy, and vice versa. And
transducers using NEC TOKIN piezoelectric ceramics
are uniquely suited to performing this job in a wide
variety of applications. To help classify transducers,
we divide their applications into two general areas:
1) conversion of electrical energy into mechanical
energy for hydraulic or motive power, and 2)
converting mechanical into electrical energy for
communications and electronics.
gth (Test 1)
Mechanical
power
applications
Langevin Bolt-On Transducers · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 16
Transducers for Cleaning Equipment · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 19
Molded Waterproof Transducers · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 20
Piezoelectric Ceramics
<NPM>
Electrical and
communications
High-Frequency Transducers · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 26
Aerial Microphone Transducers
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 27
Sonar Transducers · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 28
0
gth (Test 2)
)
0
gth (Test 3)
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 15
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Langevin Bolt-on Transducers
Shape and
NBL-45282H-A
φ45
Outline
Markings
• High mechanical Q and excellent electro-acoustic
conversion efficiency, providing a high output
amplitude.
• Piezoelectric element offers a high speed of
vibration
• N-61 ceramics have extended temperature range,
ensuring good amplitude linearity.
• Bolt-on mounting gives fast, easy installation and
high reliability.
Product models are classified as shown in the example
here:
NBL 45 28 2 H
H = Horn construction; output
surface has step or horn
shape.
S = Straight construction
2 = Number of piezoelectric
elements (2 elements)
28 = Resonant frequency (28kHz)
45 = Diameter of acoustic wave
radiation ( φ 45mm)
<For Cleaning Equipment>
Specifications of Standard Models
Table 2-1
Type
Item
45282H-A
45402H-A
Resonant frequency
fo (kHz)
28.0
Dynamic admittance
Yo (mS)
40
15
Mechanical Q
Qm
500
500
Static capacitance
C (pF)
4000
4000
Maximum allowable velocity
V (cm / S)
40
50
Maximum allowable power
P (W)
50
Applications
40.2
50
Cleaning Equipment
Note: Maximum allowable power is based on the data where one unit is measured with a water load on one side.
16 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Temperatu
→fo (kHz)
Features
M10
28.2
28.0
27.8
27.6
27.4
27.2
27.0
→Ymo (mS)
NEC TOKIN's Langevin-type transducers are used where
powerful ultrasonic waves must be generated, such as
in cleaning equipment, ultrasonic treatment machines,
and welders for plastic. For application flexibility and
ease of installation, these transducers are mounted in
a structure that can be bolted almost anywhere.
NEC TOKIN's high-performance NEPEC® N-61 is
excellent for use in these Langevin transducers. NEC
TOKIN produces a number of this type of transducer,
all featuring high quality and excellent output levels,
and all based on a unique NEC TOKIN design.
40
30
20
Shape and Dimensions
NBL-45282H-A
NBL-45402H-A
φ35
13
13
39
M10.P1
11.5
19
10
M10.P1
11
8
27
11.5
11
53.5
79.5
Fig. 2-1
28.2
28.0
27.8
27.6
27.4
27.2
27.0
6000
→C (pF)
→fo (kHz)
Temperature Characteristics
50
100
→Temperature (°C)
4000
150
40
→IR (MΩ)
→Ymo (mS)
5000
3000
20
; output
or horn
ion
lectric
ents)
ncy (28kHz)
stic wave
m)
φ45
the example
φ35
φ45
e used where
ed, such as
t machines,
xibility and
mounted in
here.
C® N-61 is
cers. NEC
transducer,
put levels,
sign.
30
20
20
50
100
→Temperature (°C)
150
20
50
20
50
100
150
100
150
→Temperature (°C)
1 × 10 5
5 × 10 4
1 × 10 4
→Temperature (°C)
Fig. 2-2. Temperature Characteristics of NBL-45282H-A
2H-A
0.2
5
00
00
50
50
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 17
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
<For Treatment Machines>
Specifications of Standard Models
Table 2-2
Type
Item
NBL15602S
NBL20602S
Resonant frequency
fo (kHz)
60
Dynamic admittance
Ymo (mS)
25
20
Mechanical Q
Qm
500
400
Static capacitance
C (pF)
850
1250
Maximum allowable velocity
V0-P (cm / S)
50
40
Maximum Allowable power
P (W)
60
2.5
3.7
Applications
Treatment Machines
Note) Maximum allowable input in no-load state
Shape and Dimensions
NBL15602S
NBL20602S
(40.8)
φ 20
φ 15
(40.4)
Fig. 2-3
Horn Installation Reference Example
(89.1)
φ 20
φ 15
φ6
φ6
(89.9)
Fig. 2-4
Vibration
No-load state
No-load state
7
10
6
NBL15602S
4
Horn installation example
6
Vibration ξ ( μ m)
Vibration ξ ( μ m)
Horn installation example
8
2
5
4
3
NBL15602S
2
1
0
0
0
1
2
3
0
4
Input Power P(W)
1
2
3
4
5
Input Power P(W)
Fig. 2-5
18 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Transducers for Cleaning Equipment
2S
Outline
In the past, transducers for cleaning equipment have
been found almost exclusively in ultrasonic cleaners
for industrial and business use. Today, however, small
cleaning equipment for glasses, false teeth, gemstones,
etc. is increasingly found in individual households as
well. NEC TOKIN's transducers for cleaning
equipment utilize our N-6 material, providing
ultrasonic generators that are compact and
extraordinarily temperature-resistant.
7
Specification Example
Specifications
Table 2-3
Cleaning vessel
D (mm)
t (mm)
fr (kHz)
Kr
C (PF)
40
2.5
54
0.60
5600
40
3.0
54
0.60
4600
50
2.5
43
0.60
8900
50
3.0
43
0.60
7400
60
5.0
36
0.60
6500
NEC TOKIN
27-01
t
D
Piezoelectric transducer
fabricated from N-6
Fig. 2-6. Product Diagram
Temperature Characteristics
5602S
4
5
58
0.80
56
0.70
54
0.60
52
0.50
0
50
100
150
Temperature (°C)
200
0
Insulation Resistance (MΩ)
llation example
(Insulation Resistance)
(kr)
Kr
fr (kHz)
(fr)
106
105
104
103
0
50
100
150
Temperature (°C)
200
0
50
100
150
200
Temperature (˚C)
Fig. 2-7. Variation in N-6 Characteristics with Temperature
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 19
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Molded Waterproof Transducers
Specificatio
Model
TGM60-40-1
Outline
TGM60-45-1
Transducers that can withstand salt water and underwater pressures are used to generate ultrasonic signals
for fish finders, sonar equipment, depth gauges, and
Doppler-effect velocity and current meters.
NEC TOKIN’s molded transducers are highly reliable,
even in the face of severe underwater conditions.
Completely waterproof, they offer excellent
mechanical strength and temperature characteristics,
thanks in part to their unique NEC TOKIN design and
technology. By using a variety of different materials
for our molded transducers, we can offer a large
variety of frequency, input, and directivity
characteristics.
Features
TGM60-50-1
TGM42-75-1
TGM80-75-1
TGM100-100
TGM50-200TGM80-200-
TGM100-200
TMM60-50-1
TMM50-200-
TGM60-50A-
TGM50-200A
TGM60-50B-
TGM46-68B-
TGM42-75B-
• High reliability, thanks to NEC TOKIN’s own molding
technology, including solid urethane rubber molding
and baked neoprene rubber.
• Excellent noise characteristics.
• Wide range of frequencies and molding materials
available.
TGM50-200B
NBM40-50-8
TBM50-200-8
Physical Ch
Markings
Type
Product models are classified as shown in the
following example:
T GM 60-50 A-10 LA
Cable type L: Chloroprene, LA: Vinyl
Cable length (m)
No. of transducers included A: 3, B: 2
Resonant frequency (kHz)
Type
Transducer outside diameter (mm)
Molding material GM: Rubber molding, MM: Metal molding, BM: Plastic molding
Transducer material T: VPT, N: NPM
20 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Impedance (Ω)
at Resonance
Static Capacitance
(pF)
Insulation Resistance
(MΩ)
TGM60-40-10L
40
150 ~ 400
7500
500 and over
50˚
A
TGM60-45-10L
45
150 ~ 400
7500
500 and over
45˚
A
TGM60-50-10L
50
150 ~ 350
8000
500 and over
44˚
A
TGM42-75-10L
75
200 ~ 600
3400
500 and over
36˚
A
TGM80-75-12L
75
300 ~ 800
2500
500 and over
20˚
A
TGM100-100-15L
100
200 ~ 400
4500
500 and over
12˚
A
TGM50-200-10L
200
100 ~ 400
2400
500 and over
11˚
A
TGM80-200-20L
200
50 ~ 200
5500
500 and over
7˚
A
TGM100-200-20L
200
30 ~ 100
7500
500 and over
6˚
A
TMM60-50-10LA
50
100 ~ 300
8000
500 and over
44˚
B
TMM50-200-10LA
200
200 ~ 400
2500
500 and over
11˚
B
TGM60-50A-15L
50
50 ~ 150
23000
500 and over
12˚×44˚
E
TGM50-200A-15L
200
70 ~ 150
5500
500 and over
5˚×11˚
E
TGM60-50B-12L
50
100 ~ 300
15000
500 and over
13˚×44˚
D
TGM46-68B-12L
68
50 ~ 200
12700
500 and over
11˚×38˚
D
TGM42-75B-12L
75
50 ~ 200
9000
500 and over
11˚×36˚
D
TGM50-200B-12L
200
150 ~ 400
4300
500 and over
11˚
D
NBM40-50-8LA
50
150 ~ 350
2800
500 and over
60˚
C
TBM50-200-8LA
200
200 ~ 450
2800
500 and over
11˚
C
Model
Directivity Shape
Physical Characteristics
Type A
Type B
Type C
f
f
f
e
c
c
c
d
d
d
e
e
φa
φb
a
b
Type D
φb
Type E
f
e
e
f
Two
elements
d
Three
elements
d
a
b
c
hly reliable,
tions.
t
cteristics,
design and
materials
large
Table 2-6
Resonant Frequency
(kHz)
c
nd undernic signals
ges, and
Specifications of Standard Models
a
b
Fig. 2-10. Shape and Construction
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 21
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
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2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Table 2-7
Model
Dimensions
a
b
c
d
e
TGM60-40-10L
69.5
89.5
5.0
78.0
60.0
TGM60-45-10L
69.5
89.5
5.0
78.0
60.0
TGM60-50-10L
69.5
89.5
5.0
60.0
60.0
TGM42-75-10L
47.8
61.0
4.0
43.0
27.0
TGM80-75-12L
104.0
120.0
5.0
65.0
30.0
TGM100-100-15L
120.0
130.0
4.0
55.0
40.0
TGM50-200-10L
69.5
89.0
5.0
60.0
60.0
TGM80-200-20L
100.0
120.0
7.0
45.0
30.0
TGM100-200-20L
124.0
140.0
7.0
45.0
30.0
80.0
100.0
56
120
W • 1.11d/
inch
206.0
226.0
7.0
160.0
140.0
160.0
5.0
–
68.0
31.0
TMM60-50-10LA
TMM50-200-10LA
TGM60-50A-15L
TGM50-200A-15L
Typical Dir
f (cable)
Shape
φ 11, two-core shield captire cable (chloroprene)
300
A
270
φ 7, two-core shield captire cable (vinyl)
B
60.0
φ 11, two-core shield captire cable (chloroprene)
E
60.0
50.0
φ 11, two-core shield captire cable (chloroprene)
D
120.0
M • 22
P1.5
φ 5, two-core shield captire cable (vinyl)
C
240
TGM60-50B-12L
TGM46-68B-12L
TGM42-75B-12L
TGM50-200B-12L
NBM40-50-8LA
TBM50-200-8LA
300
270
240
300
270
240
22 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
ene)
Typical Directivity Patterns (1)
Shape
330
0 (dB)
0
10
30
330
20
30
20
30
300
A
0 (dB)
0
10
60
30
300
40
40
50
50
270
90
60
270
90
B
ene)
E
ene)
D
240
120
TGM60-50-10L
330
C
0 (dB)
0
10
240
120
TGM60-75-10L
30
20
30
300
60
40
50
270
90
240
120
TGM50-200-10L
330
0 (dB)
0
10
330
30
300
240
60
300
30
40
40
50
50
270
90
TGM60-50A-15L
30
20
20
30
0 (dB)
0
10
120
270
240
60
90
TGM60-50A-15L
120
Fig. 2-11. Directvity
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 23
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Typical Dire
330
0 (dB)
0
10
300
330
30
20
20
30
30
60
300
40
40
50
50
270
90
240
120
TGM60-50B-12L
330
0 (dB)
0
10
240
60
50
50
120
TGM60-75A-15L
240
300
90
240
330
30
120
TGM60-75A-15L
0 (dB)
0
10
300
30
40
50
50
90
120
270
240
240
Note: Transdu
are also
60
90
TGM50-200A-15L
270
30
20
60
40
TGM50-200A-15L
60
270
20
270
240
30
30
300
40
30
270
20
90
300
0 (dB)
0
10
40
0 (dB)
0
10
300
120
TGM60-50B-12L
330
270
330
60
90
20
240
30
270
30
30
300
0 (dB)
0
10
120
Fig. 2-11. Directvity
24 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Typical Directivity Patterns (2)
330
0 (dB)
0
10
30
330
20
60
90
120
60
40
50
50
90
120
TMM60-50-10LA
330
0 (dB)
0
10
300
90
120
30
90
240
30
0 (dB)
0
10
30
20
60
300
30
40
40
50
50
90
NBM40-50-11
120
TBM50-200-11
330
270
240
60
270
20
60
30
300
40
270
240
30
20
30
300
0 (dB)
0
10
120
270
240
60
90
NBM50-118-9L
120
Fig. 2-11. Directivity
Note: Transducers with non-standard shapes and dimensions
are also available. For inquiries, see page 34.
60
90
120
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 25
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
High-Frequency Transducers
Outline
Compared to ordinary piezoelectric transducers, these
types operate at much higher frequencies: usually in
the 1~10 MHz range. One of the primary applications
of high-frequency transducers is as a sensor for flaw
detection. Another important application area is
medical equipment; in fact, with ultrasonic diagnosis
becoming ever more widespread, HF piezoelectric
transducers are the focus of increasing attention.
Here are some of the types of ultrasonic diagnosis
that require HP transducers:
Fetus phonocardiographs
Blood flowmeter
Doppler system:
Features
• High impedance at resonant frequency.
• Excellent electromechanical coupling in thickness
vibration mode.
• High sensitivity.
• Both thickness and radial vibration offer good
anisotropic properties.
• Thickness resonance spurious emissions are low, and
resolution is excellent.
Pulse echo
system:
Tomography
Electron scanning
Mechanical scanning
Cranial disease diagnosis
Cardiac wall displacement measurement
The vibration mode of these transducers is usually
thickness resonance, and the frequency is high. For
this reason, thin plate transducers with low impedance
at resonance are needed. The dielectric constant of
NEC TOKIN NEPEC® is low, and its impedance
characteristics and other performance parameters are
excellent for use in high-frequency transducers.
Specifications Example
Table 2-8
Shape
Material
d
t
d
t
d
t
Dimensions (mm)
d
t
21
20
0.5
8
20
Characteristics
fr (kHz)
Kr
K31
C (PF)
Terminal
–
4,000
0.60
–
7,000
S
1.0
–
2,100
0.55
–
2,700
S
21
10
0.3
–
6,400
0.57
–
3,000
S
21
20
0.3
20
6,500
–
0.30
13,500
P
21
20
0.4
20
5,000
–
0.30
10,500
P
21
25
0.5
25
4,000
–
0.30
14,000
P
21
15
0.3
80
6,500
–
0.30
42,000
P
21
15
0.4
80
5,000
–
0.30
32,500
P
21
15
0.5
100
4,000
–
0.30
33,000
P
21
15
0.6
100
3,000
–
0.30
28,500
P
26 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Aerial Microphone Transducers
Outline
Ultrasonic aerial microphones generate ultrasonic
waves that are radiated through the air and reflected
from a target to measure distance. These microphones
are used for traffic control, obstacle detection, as robot
sensors, and in other similar applications.
Transducers for aerial microphones are of two types,
bimorph and cylindrical , with different vibration
modes. Such transducers are most often used together with
a horn mounted in the radiation plane. NEC TOKIN
aerial microphone transducers have good output
power, receiving sensitivity and directivity-all
important in this type of application.
cers, these
usually in
pplications
r for flaw
rea is
diagnosis
electric
ntion.
diagnosis
graphs
Features
Specifications of Standard Models
Circuit Example
Lead wires
Metal case
d
usually
igh. For
impedance
stant of
dance
meters are
cers.
27–
NEC TOKIN
measurement
• Good temperature characteristics.
• Cylindrical transducers are moisture-resistant,
ensuring stable operation outdoors.
• High mechanical coupling, high sensitivity.
D
anning
l scanning
H
Shape
Table 2-9. N-21 Specification Example
Terminal
0
S
0
S
0
S
0
P
0
P
0
P
0
P
0
P
0
P
0
P
d (mm)
H (mm)
fr (kHz)
K
C (PF)
38
34
30
23.7
0.25
28000
36
31
30
25.8
0.25
19600
Direction of sound waves
Cylindrical
transducer
Ultrasonic wave
Reflector
Bimorph transducer
D
)
D (mm)
External case
(resonance plate)
t
Shape
Silicone rubber ring
Table 2-10. N-6 Specification Example
D (mm)
t (mm)
fr (kHz)
Δf (kHz)
C (PF)
18.7
1.5
23.5
2.0
2100
Terminal
Fig. 2-12. Details of Construction
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 27
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Sonar Transducers
Outline
Depth finders, underwater detectors, and fish finders
all utilize the principle of sonar, in which sound waves
are radiated through the water to detect and measure
the distance to the target. Although there are
differences in the resolution and distance capabilities
required of sonar transducers, in general all should
have the best possible sensitivity, resolution,
directivity, and reliability. Sonar transducers
fabricated of NEC TOKIN’s superior NEPEC® material
score high marks in all departments, and are available
for a wide variety of applications.
Characteristics of Sonar Transducer Materials
Table 2-11
Transducer type
Vibration mode
Operating frequency
Main features
Remarks
a
Disc
Thickness vibration
70 ~ 500
Easy frequency adjustment
High mechanical strength
b
Square column
Longitudinal vibration
40 ~ 100
Easy frequency adjustment
Good electromechanical coupling
c
Cylinder
d
Thickness vibration
Langevin
100 ~ 500
Diameter direction vibration
10 ~ 200
Longitudinal vibration
20 ~ 100
Adjustment of mechanical
Q and frequency are easy
Dimensions and characteristics
are determined according to the
requirements of specific
customers.
Low frequency can be obtained at
low impedance
Direction of sound wave radiation
(Displacement direction)
Direction of polarization
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Fig. 2-13
Types and Features
Table 2-12
Material
K31
ε /ε
N-6
0.34
1400
1500
325
Excellent stability at high output levels
N-21
0.38
1800
75
300
Low Qm and high sensitivity
T
33
0
Qm
Features
Tc (˚C)
28 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
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●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04 29
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
30 Piezoelectric Ceramics Vol.04
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E
Precautions
······ 3
······ 4
······ 9
· · · · · · 15
· · · · · · 16
· · · · · · 19
· · · · · · 20
· · · · · · 26
· · · · · · 27
· · · · · · 28
• The names of the products and the specifications in this
catalog are subject to change without notice for the sake
of improvement. The manufacturer also reserves the right
to discontinue any of these products. At the time of
delivery, please ask for specification sheets to check the
contents before use.
• When ordering transducers or other finished products
Specify model name and number when placing an
order for transducer products such as molded transducers for underwater use. Also note any special requirements.
• This catalog is current as of March 2010.
• Material selection, installation and activation of piezoelectric ceramics should be decided upon by users according
to the application. For proper evaluation and decision,
products should be tested repeatedly in both realistic and
abnormal operating conditions.
• The manufacturer’s warranty will not cover any disadvantage or damage caused by improper use of the products,
deviating from the characteristics, specifications, or
conditions for use described in this catalog.
• Please be advised that the manufacturer accepts no
responsibility for any infraction on third party patents or
industrial copyrights by users of the manufacturer’s
products. The manufacturer is responsible only when
such infractions are attributable to the structural design of
the product and its manufacturing process.
• No part of this document may be reproduced without
written permission from the manufacturer.
• Export Control
For customers outside Japan
NEC-TOKIN products should not be used or sold for
use in the development, production, stockpiling or
utilization of any conventional weapons or massdestructive weapons (nuclear weapons, chemical or
biological weapons, or missiles), or any other weapons.
For customers in Japan
For products which are controlled items subject to the'
Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Law' of Japan,
the export license specified by the law is required for
export.
• When ordering NEPEC Piezoelectric Materials
Specify the following items when placing an order with
NEC TOKIN for NEPEC :
1) Shape (disc, column, cylinder, square plate, sphere,
or bimorph).
2) Desired material and application.
3) Dimensions.
4) Vibration mode and resonant frequency used.
5) Whether special surface treatment is required, and if
so, what type.
6) S, P, or other designated terminal.
●All specifications in this catalog and production status of products are subject to change without notice. Prior to the purchase, please contact NEC TOKIN for updated product data.
●Please request for a specification sheet for detailed product data prior to the purchase.
●Before using the product in this catalog, please read "Precautions" and other safety precautions listed in the printed version catalog.
2010.03.19 9307PIEVOL04E